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Tchalova K, Lydon JE, Atkinson L, Fleming AS, Kennedy J, Lecompte V, Meaney MJ, Moss E, O'Donnell KA, O'Donnell KJ, Silveira PP, Sokolowski MB, Steiner M, Bartz JA. Variation in the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) moderates the influence of maternal sensitivity on child attachment. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:181. [PMID: 38580654 PMCID: PMC10997775 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The endogenous opioid system is thought to play an important role in mother-infant attachment. In infant rhesus macaques, variation in the μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) is related to differences in attachment behavior that emerges following repeated separation from the mother; specifically, infants carrying at least one copy of the minor G allele of the OPRM1 C77G polymorphism show heightened and more persistent separation distress, as well as a pattern of increased contact-seeking behavior directed towards the mother during reunions (at the expense of affiliation with other group members). Research in adult humans has also linked the minor G allele of the analogous OPRM1 A118G polymorphism with greater interpersonal sensitivity. Adopting an interactionist approach, we examined whether OPRM1 A118G genotype and maternal (in)sensitivity are associated with child attachment style, predicting that children carrying the G allele may be more likely to develop an ambivalent attachment pattern in response to less sensitive maternal care. The sample consisted of 191 mothers participating with their children (n = 223) in the Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment (MAVAN) project, a community-based, birth cohort study of Canadian mothers and their children assessed longitudinally across the child's development. Maternal sensitivity was coded from at-home mother-child interactions videotaped when the child was 18 months of age. Child attachment was assessed at 36 months using the Strange Situation paradigm. As predicted, G allele carriers, but not AA homozygotes, showed increasing odds of being classified as ambivalently attached with decreasing levels of maternal sensitivity. Paralleling earlier non-human animal research, this work provides support for the theory that endogenous opioids contribute to the expression of attachment behaviors in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tchalova
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - J E Lydon
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - L Atkinson
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A S Fleming
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - V Lecompte
- L'Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - M J Meaney
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - E Moss
- L'Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - K A O'Donnell
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - K J O'Donnell
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - P P Silveira
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - M B Sokolowski
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J A Bartz
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Kennedy J, Parker M, Seaborne M, Mhereeg M, Walker A, Walker V, Denaxas S, Kennedy N, Katikireddi SV, Brophy S. Healthcare use attributable to COVID-19: a propensity-matched national electronic health records cohort study of 249,390 people in Wales, UK. BMC Med 2023; 21:259. [PMID: 37468884 PMCID: PMC10354936 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the extent and nature of changes associated with COVID-19 infection in terms of healthcare utilisation, this study observed healthcare contact 1 to 4 and 5 to 24 weeks following a COVID-19 diagnosis compared to propensity-matched controls. METHODS Two hundred forty nine thousand three hundred ninety Welsh individuals with a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test were identified from data from national PCR test results. After elimination criteria, 98,600 positive individuals were matched to test negative and never tested controls using propensity matching. Cohorts were split on test location. Tests could be taken in either the hospital or community. Controls were those who had tested negative in their respective environments. Survival analysis was utilised for first clinical outcomes which are grouped into primary and secondary. Primary outcomes include post-viral-illness and fatigue as an indication of long-COVID. Secondary outcomes include clinical terminology concepts for embolism, respiratory conditions, mental health conditions, fit notes, or hospital attendance. Increased instantaneous risk for positive individuals was quantified using hazard ratios (HR) from Cox regression, while absolute risk (AR) and relative risk were quantified using life table analysis. RESULTS Analysis was conducted using all individuals and stratified by test location. Cases are compared to controls from the same test location. Fatigue (HR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.34-2.25, p = < 0.001) and embolism (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.15-1.97, p = 0.003) were more likely to occur in all positive individuals in the first 4 weeks; however, anxiety and depression (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73-0.95, p = 0.007) were less likely. Positive individuals continued to be more at risk of fatigue (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.24-1.75, p = < 0.001) and embolism (HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.13-2.02, p = 0.005) after 4 weeks. All positive individuals are also at greater risk of post-viral illness (HR: 4.57, 95% CI: 1.77-11.80, p = 0.002). Despite statistical association between testing positive and several conditions, life table analysis shows that only a small minority of the study population were affected. CONCLUSIONS Community COVID-19 disease is associated with increased risks of post-viral-illness, fatigue, embolism, and respiratory conditions. Despite elevated risks, the absolute healthcare burden is low. Subsequently, either very small proportions of people experience adverse outcomes following COVID-19 or they are not presenting to healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kennedy
- National Centre for Population Health and Wellbeing Research, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - M Parker
- National Centre for Population Health and Wellbeing Research, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK.
| | - M Seaborne
- National Centre for Population Health and Wellbeing Research, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - M Mhereeg
- National Centre for Population Health and Wellbeing Research, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - A Walker
- Datalab, Nuffield Dept of Primary Care Health Science, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - V Walker
- Bristol Medical School: Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S Denaxas
- Institute for Health Informatics, UCL, London, UK
| | - N Kennedy
- National Centre for Population Health and Wellbeing Research, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - S V Katikireddi
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Brophy
- National Centre for Population Health and Wellbeing Research, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
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de Souza N, Esopenko C, Jia Y, Parrott JS, Merkley T, Dennis E, Hillary F, Velez C, Cooper D, Kennedy J, Lewis J, York G, Menefee D, McCauley S, Bowles AO, Wilde E, Tate DF. Discriminating Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Using Latent Neuroimaging and Neuropsychological Profiles in Active-Duty Military Service Members. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2023; 38:E254-E266. [PMID: 36602276 PMCID: PMC10264548 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly occur among military Service Members and Veterans and have heterogenous, but also overlapping symptom presentations, which often complicate the diagnoses of underlying impairments and development of effective treatment plans. Thus, we sought to examine whether the combination of whole brain gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) structural measures with neuropsychological performance can aid in the classification of military personnel with mTBI and PTSD. METHODS Active-Duty US Service Members ( n = 156; 87.8% male) with a history of mTBI, PTSD, combined mTBI+PTSD, or orthopedic injury completed a neuropsychological battery and T1- and diffusion-weighted structural neuroimaging. Cortical, subcortical, ventricular, and WM volumes and whole brain fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) were calculated. Latent profile analyses were performed to determine how the GM and WM indicators, together with neuropsychological indicators, classified individuals. RESULTS For both GM and WM, respectively, a 4-profile model was the best fit. The GM model identified greater ventricular volumes in Service Members with cognitive symptoms, including those with a diagnosis of mTBI, either alone or with PTSD. The WM model identified reduced FA and elevated RD in those with psychological symptoms, including those with PTSD or mTBI and comorbid PTSD. However, contrary to expectation, a global neural signature unique to those with comorbid mTBI and PTSD was not identified. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that neuropsychological performance alone is more robust in differentiating Active-Duty Service Members with mTBI and PTSD, whereas global neuroimaging measures do not reliably differentiate between these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.L. de Souza
- School of Graduate Studies, Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - C. Esopenko
- Department of Rehabilitation & Movement Sciences, School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Y. Jia
- Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - J. S. Parrott
- Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - T.L. Merkley
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - E.L. Dennis
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - F.G. Hillary
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
- Social Life and Engineering Sciences Imaging Center, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - C. Velez
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - D.B. Cooper
- San Antonio VA Polytrauma Rehabilitation Center, San Antonio, TX
- Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Psychiatry, UT Health San Antonio, TX
| | - J. Kennedy
- General Dynamics Information Technology (GDIT) contractor for the Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence (TBICoE), Neurology Service, Department of Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - J. Lewis
- Neurology Clinic, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Wright Patterson AFB, Ohio
| | - G. York
- Alaska Radiology Associates, Anchorage, AK
| | - D.S. Menefee
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - S.R. McCauley
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - A. O. Bowles
- Brain Injury Rehabilitation Service, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, Joint Base San Antonio, Fort Sam Houston, TX, US
| | - E.A. Wilde
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT
- H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - D. F. Tate
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT
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Cochrane A, Nable M, Barber A, Shah P, Kennedy J, Isseh I, Rollins A, Thatcher A, Bussa K, Mauro K, Maydosz M, Sinha S, Desai S, Psotka M. An Overlooked Contributor to CAV. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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5
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Wahl M, Cochrane A, Fregoso M, Kennedy J, Aryal S. Use of Donor-Derived Cell Free Dna in Heart/Lung Transplant Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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6
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Kulshrestha K, Greenberg J, Kennedy J, Hogue S, Guzman-Gomez A, Cooper D, Zafar F, Morales D. In-Hospital Opioid Requirements Predict Poor Survival in Pediatric Heart Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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7
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Nable M, Kumar S, Goldberg J, Cochrane A, Psotka M, Tang D, Isseh I, Desai S, Rollins A, Klein K, Bussa K, Mauro K, Maydosz M, Thatcher A, Kennedy J, Shah P. Does Echocardiography-Guided Endomyocardial Biopsy Reduce the Incidence of Tricuspid Regurgitation after Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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8
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Thomas C, Klein K, Kennedy J, Psotka M, Isseh I, Tang D, Aryal S, Khangoora V, Nyquist A, Singhal A, Cantres-Fonseca O, Shlobin O, Nathan S, King C. Heart-lung Transplantation for Restrictive Cardiomyopathy and Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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9
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Spartera M, Stracquadanio A, Von Ende A, Pessoa-Amorim G, Hess A, Young V, Mazzucco S, Kennedy J, Ferreira V, Neubauer S, Casadei B, Wijesurendra R. Left atrial vorticity is independently associated with embolic brain infarcts and represents a promising imaging biomarker of cardioembolism in sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with embolic stroke, but risk scores such as CHA2DS2-VASc perform only modestly (C statistics 0.6–0.7). Meanwhile, up to 25% of embolic strokes in patients without AF have no identifiable cause, and occult left atrial (LA) thromboembolism may be a relevant mechanism in such cases.
Purpose
We hypothesised that imaging of left atrial blood flow could improve embolic risk prediction in patients with and without AF. We used 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify a biomarker that is: (a) independently associated with embolic brain infarction by brain MRI, (b) able to stratify blood flow characteristics both during AF and in sinus rhythm (SR), and (c) reproducible.
Methods
We recruited 3 patient cohorts to respectively address each aim. Firstly, to assess the association between LA flow parameters and embolic brain infarcts, we recruited cohort A, consisting of 134 patients (41% female; age 70±9 years) with a history of ischaemic stroke (N=44) or no history of stroke but with CHA2DS2VASc score ≥1 (N=90). Next, the sensitivity of 4D flow parameters to rhythm change was assessed in cohort B: 37 patients with persistent AF studied before and after cardioversion, whose results were compared with those of 23 healthy controls in SR [CHA2DS2-VASc = 0.0 (0.0–0.0)]. Finally, scan-rescan coefficients of variation (CV) and interval-scan CV at 30 days were determined in Cohort C (86 subjects; 64 in SR, 22 in AF). Brain MRI was used to identify large non-cortical or cortical brain infarcts (LNCCI) – i.e. infarcts likely to be embolic in origin.
Results
At least one LNCCI was present in 39 of 134 patients in cohort A. Lower LA vorticity was significantly associated with higher risk of prevalent LNCCIs (Figure 1), after adjustment for AF, age, and CHA2DS2VASc score [OR=2.10 (95% CI 1.12–3.92) per SD, P=0.02]. This association remained significant after further adjustment for other cardiac parameters (all P<0.05, Figure 1). By contrast, there was no significant association between peak velocity and LNCCIs (P=0.21).
LA vorticity was sensitive to rhythm change, improving significantly in patients in cohort B in SR at ≥4 weeks after cardioversion (CV) of persistent AF (Figure 2A, paired P<0.001 vs pre-CV), but remained impaired compared to healthy controls (Figure 2B, P<0.01).
Finally, reproducibility studies in cohort C showed that LA vorticity had a same-day scan-rescan CV of 7% without significant differences between SR and AF subjects (P>0.05), and also showed no significant temporal variability on interval scanning (P>0.05).
Conclusions
LA vorticity is reproducible, sensitive to changes in heart rhythm, and independently associated with embolic brain infarcts, suggesting a promising imaging biomarker of cardioembolism in SR and AF. LA blood flow imaging could improve stroke prediction and the personalisation of decisions about anticoagulation, regardless of heart rhythm.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Oxford BRC, BHF
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Affiliation(s)
- M Spartera
- University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | | | - A Von Ende
- University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | | | - A Hess
- University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - V Young
- University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - S Mazzucco
- University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - J Kennedy
- University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - V Ferreira
- University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - S Neubauer
- University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - B Casadei
- University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
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10
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Kennedy J, Whiteaker JR, Ivey RG, Burian A, Chowdhury S, Tsai CF, Liu T, Lin C, Murillo OD, Lundeen RA, Jones LA, Gafken PR, Longton G, Rodland KD, Skates SJ, Landua J, Wang P, Lewis MT, Paulovich AG. Internal Standard Triggered-Parallel Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry Enables Multiplexed Quantification of Candidate Biomarkers in Plasma. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9540-9547. [PMID: 35767427 PMCID: PMC9280723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in proteomic technologies, clinical translation of plasma biomarkers remains low, partly due to a major bottleneck between the discovery of candidate biomarkers and costly clinical validation studies. Due to a dearth of multiplexable assays, generally only a few candidate biomarkers are tested, and the validation success rate is accordingly low. Previously, mass spectrometry-based approaches have been used to fill this gap but feature poor quantitative performance and were generally limited to hundreds of proteins. Here, we demonstrate the capability of an internal standard triggered-parallel reaction monitoring (IS-PRM) assay to greatly expand the numbers of candidates that can be tested with improved quantitative performance. The assay couples immunodepletion and fractionation with IS-PRM and was developed and implemented in human plasma to quantify 5176 peptides representing 1314 breast cancer biomarker candidates. Characterization of the IS-PRM assay demonstrated the precision (median % CV of 7.7%), linearity (median R2 > 0.999 over 4 orders of magnitude), and sensitivity (median LLOQ < 1 fmol, approximately) to enable rank-ordering of candidate biomarkers for validation studies. Using three plasma pools from breast cancer patients and three control pools, 893 proteins were quantified, of which 162 candidate biomarkers were verified in at least one of the cancer pools and 22 were verified in all three cancer pools. The assay greatly expands capabilities for quantification of large numbers of proteins and is well suited for prioritization of viable candidate biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob
J. Kennedy
- Clinical
Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Whiteaker
- Clinical
Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Richard G. Ivey
- Clinical
Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Aura Burian
- Clinical
Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Shrabanti Chowdhury
- Department
of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science
and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of
Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Chia-Feng Tsai
- Biological
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Tao Liu
- Biological
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - ChenWei Lin
- Clinical
Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Oscar D. Murillo
- Clinical
Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Rachel A. Lundeen
- Clinical
Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Lisa A. Jones
- Proteomics
and Metabolomics Shared Resources, Fred
Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Philip R. Gafken
- Proteomics
and Metabolomics Shared Resources, Fred
Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Gary Longton
- Public
Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson
Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Karin D. Rodland
- Biological
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Steven J. Skates
- MGH
Biostatistics Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - John Landua
- Lester
and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College
of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Pei Wang
- Department
of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount
Sinai Hospital, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Michael T. Lewis
- Lester
and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College
of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Amanda G. Paulovich
- Clinical
Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States,Phone: 206-667-1912. . Fax: 206-667-2277
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11
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Panimalar S, Subash M, Chandrasekar M, Uthrakumar R, Inmozhi C, Al-Onazi WA, Al-Mohaimeed AM, Chen TW, Kennedy J, Maaza M, Kaviyarasu K. Reproducibility and long-term stability of Sn doped MnO 2 nanostructures: Practical photocatalytic systems and wastewater treatment applications. Chemosphere 2022; 293:133646. [PMID: 35063549 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sn-doped MnO2 were synthesized as an oxidant, a mediator of maleic acid (C4H4O4) and SnCl2 as doping ingredient via a basic sol-gel reaction with KMnO4. XRD study signposts that tetragonal crystal structure of MnO2 (ICDD#44-0141) with a plane group of 12/m (87) for both pure and Sn doped MnO2 nanostructures. The photocatalyst synthesized has mesoporosity, allowing to the N2 adsorption/desorption experiments. The geometry of the materials varies from spherical shape in pristine MnO2 to a rod-like shape in Sn-MnO2, as observed in the SEM and TEM pictures. To examine optic properties and energy bandgaps topologies, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was applied. In visible spectrum, overall catalytic performance of Sn-doped MnO2 was tested using methyl orange and phenol as dyes. The results suggest that the optimized Sn doped MnO2 (10 wt.%) catalyst showed higher degradation efficiency (98.5%), apparent constant (0.7841 min-1) and long term permanence. For this improved charge extraction efficiency, a potential photocatalytic mechanism was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Panimalar
- Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Subash
- Department of Physics, Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Chandrasekar
- Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Uthrakumar
- Department of Physics, Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Inmozhi
- Department of Physics, Govt. Arts College for Women, Salem, 636008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Wedad A Al-Onazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal M Al-Mohaimeed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Kennedy
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, PO Box 31312, Lower Hutt, 5010, New Zealand
| | - M Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa
| | - K Kaviyarasu
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
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12
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Panimalar S, Logambal S, Thambidurai R, Inmozhi C, Uthrakumar R, Muthukumaran A, Rasheed RA, Gatasheh MK, Raja A, Kennedy J, Kaviyarasu K. Effect of Ag doped MnO 2 nanostructures suitable for wastewater treatment and other environmental pollutant applications. Environ Res 2022; 205:112560. [PMID: 34915030 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A modest sol-gel method has been employed to prepare the pure and Ag doped MnO2 nanoparticles and methodologically studied their physical, morphological, and photosensitive properties through XRD, TEM, EDAX, Raman, UV, PL and N2 adsorption - desorption study. Tetragonal crystalline arrangement with spherical nanoparticles was found out through XRD and TEM studies. The EDAX studies further supported that formation Ag in the MnO2 crystal matrix. The bandgap energy of Ag doped MnO2 was absorbed through UV spectra. Photo -generated recombination process and surface related defects were further recognized by PL spectra. Through visible light irradiation, the photo - degradation of methyl orange (MO) and phenol dye solutions were observed. The optimum condition of (10 wt% of Ag) Ag doped MnO2 catalyst showed tremendous photocatalytic efficiency towards MO than phenol under same experimental study.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Panimalar
- Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Logambal
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Thambidurai
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Inmozhi
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College for Women, Salem, 636008, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - R Uthrakumar
- Department of Physics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Azhaguchamy Muthukumaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rabab Ahmed Rasheed
- Histology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Mansour K Gatasheh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Raja
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kennedy
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, PO Box 31312, Lower Hutt, 5010, New Zealand
| | - K Kaviyarasu
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
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Scully K, Marchetti P, Sawicki G, Uluer A, Cernadas M, Cagnina R, Kennedy J, Putman M. 4: The effect of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on glycemia in adults with cystic fibrosis: A prospective continuous glucose monitoring study. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Ansari SA, Kennedy J, Irwin B, Rogers S. 1082 Are Trauma and Orthopaedics Consultant Posts Decreasing in Frequency and Increasing in Subspecialisation? Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Changes to the configuration of the NHS Trauma Services in T&O and the level of subspecialisation are changing and could impact training and the number of consultant posts available at CCT. The aim of this study was to review the number of T&O Consultant posts and determine the frequency of the subspecialist requirements of these posts from 2011 to 2020, to assess the perceived reduction in advertised numbers and the increasing sub specialisation as a whole.
Method
451 volumes of the BMJ were reviewed over Jan 2011 - April 2020. The total number of jobs advertised were recorded. Additionally, for each post, sub-specialism, regional analysis and substansive or locum tenure were recorded.
Results
1141 jobs were advertised during this period. There has been a decreasing trend in the total number of advertised posts of 13% per annum. Proportion of specialty jobs remain constant yearly. However, jobs listing Trauma clearly decreased after 2012, when trauma centres were initiated. Clear decreases were present in North-west and Scotland in number of jobs. There has also been an increasing trend of advertisement of substantive posts, with locum posts forming less than 13% of total advertisements.
Conclusions
We found no significant increase in job specialism contradicting previous research. Overall, the total number of Consultant jobs in Trauma and Orthopaedics is decreasing, especially in the north-west and Scotland, two of the biggest employers. Questions must be asked for the future of training in T&O to meet service needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Ansari
- St Helens and Knowsley NHS Trust, Prescot, United Kingdom
| | - J Kennedy
- Trauma and Orthopaedics Health Education England Northwest, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - B Irwin
- University of Lancaster, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - S Rogers
- Trauma and Orthopaedics Health Education England Northwest, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Hunjan S, Sampson R, Evans J, Chenoweth H, Garrobo-Calleja I, Lekomtsev S, Zhang J, Zona S, Breuning J, Oren R, Davies M, Di-Tullio A, Euesden J, Kennedy J, Kay C, Colebrook J, Kloke B, Southgate T, Lee J. 36P In-vitro tonic signalling profiling of CAR-T cells generated to support pre-clinical studies for solid tumour targets. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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16
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Catford SR, Lewis S, Halliday J, Kennedy J, O'Bryan MK, McBain J, Amor DJ, Rombauts L, Saffery R, Hart RJ, McLachlan RI. Health and fertility of ICSI-conceived young men: study protocol. Hum Reprod Open 2020; 2020:hoaa042. [PMID: 33033755 PMCID: PMC7532549 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTIONS What are the long-term health and reproductive outcomes for young men conceived using ICSI whose fathers had spermatogenic failure (STF)? Are there epigenetic consequences of ICSI conception? WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Currently, little is known about the health of ICSI-conceived adults, and in particular the health and reproductive potential of ICSI-conceived men whose fathers had STF. Only one group to date has assessed semen parameters and reproductive hormones in ICSI-conceived men and suggested higher rates of impaired semen quality compared to spontaneously conceived (SC) peers. Metabolic parameters in this same cohort of men were mostly comparable. No study has yet evaluated other aspects of adult health. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION This cohort study aims to evaluate the general health and development (aim 1), fertility and metabolic parameters (aim 2) and epigenetic signatures (aim 3) of ICSI-conceived sons whose fathers had STF (ICSI study group). There are three age-matched control groups: ICSI-conceived sons whose fathers had obstructive azoospermia (OAZ) and who will be recruited in this study, as well as IVF sons and SC sons, recruited from other studies. Of 1112 ICSI parents including fathers with STF and OAZ, 78% (n = 867) of mothers and 74% (n = 823) of fathers were traced and contacted. Recruitment of ICSI sons started in March 2017 and will finish in July 2020. Based on preliminary participation rates, we estimate the following sample size will be achieved for the ICSI study group: mothers n = 275, fathers n = 225, sons n = 115. Per aim, the sample sizes of OAZ-ICSI (estimated), IVF and SC controls are: Aim 1-OAZ-ICSI: 28 (maternal surveys)/12 (son surveys), IVF: 352 (maternal surveys)/244 (son surveys), SC: 428 (maternal surveys)/255 (son surveys); Aim 2-OAZ-ICSI: 12, IVF: 72 (metabolic data), SC: 391 (metabolic data)/365 (reproductive data); Aim 3-OAZ-ICSI: 12, IVF: 71, SC: 292. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS Eligible parents are those who underwent ICSI at one of two major infertility treatment centres in Victoria, Australia and gave birth to one or more males between January 1994 and January 2000. Eligible sons are those aged 18 years or older, whose fathers had STF or OAZ, and whose parents allow researchers to approach sons. IVF and SC controls are age-matched men derived from previous studies, some from the same source population. Participating ICSI parents and sons complete a questionnaire, the latter also undergoing a clinical assessment. Outcome measures include validated survey questions, physical examination (testicular volumes, BMI and resting blood pressure), reproductive hormones (testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, FSH, LH), serum metabolic parameters (fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, highly sensitive C-reactive protein) and semen analysis. For epigenetic and future genetic analyses, ICSI sons provide specimens of blood, saliva, sperm and seminal fluid while their parents provide a saliva sample. The primary outcomes of interest are the number of mother-reported hospitalisations of the son; son-reported quality of life; prevalence of moderate-severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration <5 million/ml) and DNA methylation profile. For each outcome, differences between the ICSI study group and each control group will be investigated using multivariable linear and logistic regression for continuous and binary outcomes, respectively. Results will be presented as adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study is funded by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership Grant (NHMRC APP1140706) and was partially funded by the Monash IVF Research and Education Foundation. L.R. is a minority shareholder and the Group Medical Director for Monash IVF Group, and reports personal fees from Monash IVF group and Ferring Australia, honoraria from Ferring Australia, and travel fees from Merck Serono, MSD and Guerbet; R.J.H. is the Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia and has equity in Western IVF; R.I.M. is a consultant for and a shareholder of Monash IVF Group and S.R.C. reports personal fees from Besins Healthcare and non-financial support from Merck outside of the submitted work. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE Not applicable. DATE OF FIRST PATIENT’S ENROLMENT Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Catford
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - S Lewis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - J Halliday
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - J Kennedy
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - M K O'Bryan
- The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - J McBain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne 3002, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - D J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - L Rombauts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne 3121, Australia
| | - R Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - R J Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia.,Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Claremont 6010, Australia
| | - R I McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, Australia.,Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd, Melbourne 3121, Australia
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17
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Roberto-Charron A, Kennedy J, Reitsma L, Tremblay JA, Krikun R, Hobson KA, Ibarzabal J, Fraser KC. Widely distributed breeding populations of Canada warbler (Cardellina canadensis) converge on migration through Central America. BMC ZOOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40850-020-00056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
To effectively conserve migratory species, the entire range encompassed by their annual life cycle needs to be considered. Most research on Nearctic-Neotropical migratory birds has focused on the breeding grounds resulting in a general lack of knowledge regarding the wintering and migratory periods. The Canada Warbler (Cardellina canadensis) has declined by 71% from 1970 to 2012, at a rate of 2.9% per year, and is listed as Threatened in Canada. As with most Nearctic-Neotropical migrants, conservation efforts outside the breeding range are limited by a poor understanding of migration routes and the connectivity between specific breeding and wintering populations.
Results
To determine migratory routes of multiple breeding populations of Canada Warblers, we directly-tracked individuals using light-level geolocators deployed at four sites across the breeding range, spanning approximately 43 degrees in longitude (Alberta, Manitoba and Québec, Canada, and New Hampshire, USA). Twenty-five geolocators with usable data were recovered from three sites and were analyzed using FlightR to determine fall migration routes (n = 18) and individual wintering sites (n = 25). Individuals from all breeding populations took a western fall migration route at the Gulf of Mexico; with 77.8% of birds funnelling into a narrow geographic space along the western side of the Gulf of Mexico (97°W-99°W). We found no evidence for population-specific, parallel migration routes. Most individuals (72%) overwintered in Colombia. The remaining individuals overwintered in Venezuela.
Conclusions
Our results demonstrate convergence of migratory routes around a migration barrier for individuals originating from widely distributed breeding areas. Further, we suggest the potential importance of habitat around the Gulf of Mexico during migration and Andean forest in Colombia as overwintering habitat for this threatened species. Future research should be directed at understanding how these areas are used by Canada Warblers.
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18
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Mbambo MC, Khamlich S, Khamliche T, Moodley MK, Kaviyarasu K, Madiba IG, Madito MJ, Khenfouch M, Kennedy J, Henini M, Manikandan E, Maaza M. Remarkable thermal conductivity enhancement in Ag-decorated graphene nanocomposites based nanofluid by laser liquid solid interaction in ethylene glycol. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10982. [PMID: 32620923 PMCID: PMC7335043 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67418-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the synthesis and enhanced thermal conductivity of stable Ag-decorated 2-D graphene nanocomposite in ethylene glycol based nanofluid by laser liquid solid interaction. A surfactant free nanofluid of Ag nanoparticles anchored onto the 2-D graphene sheets were synthesized using a two-step laser liquid solid interaction approach. In order to understand a pulsed Nd:YAG laser at the fundamental frequency (λ = 1,064 nm) to ablate Ag and graphite composite target submerged in ethylene glycol (EG) to form AgNPs decorated 2-D GNs-EG based nanofluid. From a heat transfer point of view, it was observed that the thermal conductivity of this stable Ag-graphene/EG is significantly enhanced by a factor of about 32.3%; this is highest reported value for a graphene based nanofluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Mbambo
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa. .,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
| | - S Khamlich
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa
| | - T Khamliche
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa
| | - M K Moodley
- Discipline of Physics, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - K Kaviyarasu
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa. .,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
| | - I G Madiba
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa
| | - M J Madito
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa
| | - M Khenfouch
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa
| | - J Kennedy
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.,National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, PO Box 31312, Lower Hutt, 5010, New Zealand
| | - M Henini
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.,School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - E Manikandan
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.,Department of Physics, Thiruvalluvar University College of Arts and Science, Thennangur Village, Vandavasi Taluk, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, 604408, India
| | - M Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa. .,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
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Loho T, Leveneur J, Davidson R, Trompetter M, Futter J, Morel J, Archer R, Kennedy J. A tensile technique for measuring frozen products adhesion strength: Application to stainless steel/frozen milk interaction. J FOOD ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kennedy
- Senior Lecturer in Global Public Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University
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21
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Carone D, Harston GWJ, Garrard J, De Angeli F, Griffanti L, Okell TW, Chappell MA, Kennedy J. ICA-based denoising for ASL perfusion imaging. Neuroimage 2019; 200:363-372. [PMID: 31276796 PMCID: PMC6711457 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL) imaging derives a perfusion image by tracing the accumulation of magnetically labeled blood water in the brain. As the image generated has an intrinsically low signal to noise ratio (SNR), multiple measurements are routinely acquired and averaged, at a penalty of increased scan duration and opportunity for motion artefact. However, this strategy alone might be ineffective in clinical settings where the time available for acquisition is limited and patient motion are increased. This study investigates the use of an Independent Component Analysis (ICA) approach for denoising ASL data, and its potential for automation. 72 ASL datasets (pseudo-continuous ASL; 5 different post-labeling delays: 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 m s; total volumes = 60) were collected from thirty consecutive acute stroke patients. The effects of ICA-based denoising (manual and automated) where compared to two different denoising approaches, aCompCor, a Principal Component-based method, and Enhancement of Automated Blood Flow Estimates (ENABLE), an algorithm based on the removal of corrupted volumes. Multiple metrics were used to assess the changes in the quality of the data following denoising, including changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit time (ATT), SNR, and repeatability. Additionally, the relationship between SNR and number of repetitions acquired was estimated before and after denoising the data. The use of an ICA-based denoising approach resulted in significantly higher mean CBF and ATT values (p < 0.001), lower CBF and ATT variance (p < 0.001), increased SNR (p < 0.001), and improved repeatability (p < 0.05) when compared to the raw data. The performance of manual and automated ICA-based denoising was comparable. These results went beyond the effects of aCompCor or ENABLE. Following ICA-based denoising, the SNR was higher using only 50% of the ASL-dataset collected than when using the whole raw data. The results show that ICA can be used to separate signal from noise in ASL data, improving the quality of the data collected. In fact, this study suggests that the acquisition time could be reduced by 50% without penalty to data quality, something that merits further study. Independent component classification and regression can be carried out either manually, following simple criteria, or automatically. ICA can be used to separate signal from noise in ASL data, improving data quality. Automated denoising reproduces the improvement seen by a manual approach. ICA based denoising is superior to PCA or volume censoring approaches. ASL acquisition time could be reduced by 50% without penalty to data quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Carone
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Experimental Stroke Research, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Monza, Italy
| | - G W J Harston
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Garrard
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F De Angeli
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Experimental Stroke Research, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Monza, Italy
| | - L Griffanti
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T W Okell
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M A Chappell
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Kennedy
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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22
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Msayib Y, Harston GWJ, Sheerin F, Blockley NP, Okell TW, Jezzard P, Kennedy J, Chappell MA. Partial volume correction for quantitative CEST imaging of acute ischemic stroke. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:1920-1928. [PMID: 31199009 PMCID: PMC6771886 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Contributions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have not been previously taken into account in the quantification of APT CEST effects, and correction for the dilution of CEST effects by CSF may allow for more robust measurement of CEST signals. The objective of this study was to compare the robustness of a partial volume (PV) correction model against a standard (4‐pool) multi‐pool model as far as their ability to quantify CEST effects in healthy, normal, and pathological tissue. Methods MRI data from 12 patients presenting with ischemic stroke, and 6 healthy subjects, were retrospectively analyzed. CEST signals derived from a 4‐pool model and a PV correction model were compared for repeatability and pathological tissue contrast. The effect of PV correction (PVC) was assessed within 3 ranges of tissue PV estimate (PVE): high PVE voxels, low PVE voxels, and the whole slice. Results In voxels with a high tissue PVE, PV correction did not make a significant difference to absolute APTR*. In low PVE voxels, the PVC model exhibited a significantly decreased ischemic core signal. The PVC measures exhibited higher repeatability between healthy subjects (4 pools: 3.4%, PVC: 2.4%) while maintaining a similar ischemic core CNR (0.7) to the 4‐pool model. In whole slice analysis it was found that both models exhibited similar results. Conclusions PV correction yielded a measure of APT effects that was more repeatable than standard 4‐pool analysis while achieving a similar CNR in pathological tissue, suggesting that PV‐corrected analysis was more robust at low values of tissue PVE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Msayib
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - G W J Harston
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F Sheerin
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - N P Blockley
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T W Okell
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Jezzard
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Kennedy
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M A Chappell
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Kennedy J, Hoffman T, Unasa H, Frampton C, Howard A, Kiely PJ, Crawford H. Thoracic proportions in children without scoliosis. J Child Orthop 2019; 13:304-309. [PMID: 31312270 PMCID: PMC6598049 DOI: 10.1302/1863-2548.13.180169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Scoliosis is a condition of abnormal growth resulting in 3D deformity of both the spine and thoracic cage. The aim of this study is to use chest radiographs of healthy children to define normal thoracic proportions so as to provide a useful normal reference range against which children with spinal deformity can be compared. METHODS Three independent reviewers assessed posteroanterior and lateral chest radiographs of 184 normal children aged between two and 15 years. Duplicate assessments were undertaken by all three raters on 36 of these radiographs. We measured the T1 to T12 length, sternal length, chest depth at T6, chest width at T3, chest width at T6 and maximum chest width. Ratios of thoracic dimensions were calculated to define the normal proportions of the thorax. Inter- and intra-rater variance was estimated for all dimensions and dimension ratios. RESULTS The intra-rater and inter-rater reliability was excellent with intra-class-correlation coefficients values > 80% and both intra- and inter-rater coefficients of variance < 9% for all parameters. All measured dimensions of the thorax and spine progressed linearly with respect to age. The mean proportions of T1 to 12 length of the sternal length, chest depth at T6, chest width at T3, chest width at T6 and maximum chest width were 0.5, 0.4, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.0, respectively. CONCLUSION It is possible to accurately and reproducibly measure the dimensions of the thoracic cage and spine on plain film radiology. The ratios of T1 to T12 length with respect to sternal length, chest depth at T6, chest width at T3, chest width at T6 and maximum chest remain constant with increasing age. Thoracic dimensions in children progress linearly with increasing age. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kennedy
- Starship Children’s Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand,Correspondence should be sent to J. Kennedy, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital - Department of Orthopaedics, Cooley Road Crumlin, Crumlin, D12 V004, Republic of Ireland. E-mail:
| | - T. Hoffman
- University of Auckland Medical School, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - H. Unasa
- University of Auckland Medical School, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C. Frampton
- Department of Physiological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A. Howard
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - P. J. Kiely
- Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Crumlin, Republic of Ireland
| | - H. Crawford
- Starship Children’s Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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Trefan L, Akbari A, Paranjothy S, Farewell DM, Gartner A, Fone D, Greene J, Evans A, Smith A, Adekanmbi V, Kennedy J, Lyons RA, Moore SC. Electronic Longitudinal Alcohol Study in Communities (ELAStiC) Wales - protocol for platform development. Int J Popul Data Sci 2019; 4:581. [PMID: 34095527 PMCID: PMC8142962 DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v4i1.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Excessive alcohol consumption has adverse effects on health and there is a recognised need for the longitudinal analysis of population data to improve our understanding of the patterns of alcohol use, harms to consumers and those in their immediate environment. The UK has a number of linkable, longitudinal databases that if assembled properly could support valuable research on this topic. Aims and Objectives This paper describes the development of a broad set of cross-linked cohorts, e-cohorts, surveys and linked electronic healthcare records (EHRs) to construct an alcohol-specific analytical platform in the United Kingdom using datasets on the population of Wales.The objective of this paper is to provide a description of existing key datasets integrated with existing, routinely collected electronic health data on a secure platform, and relevant derived variables to enable population-based research on alcohol-related harm in Wales. We illustrate our use of these data with some exemplar research questions that are currently under investigation. Methods Record-linkage of routine and observational datasets. Routine data includes hospital admissions, general practice, and cohorts specific to children. Two observational studies were included. Routine socioeconomic descriptors and mortality data were also linked. Conclusion We described a record-linked, population-based research protocol for alcohol related harm on a secure platform. As the datasets used here are available in many countries, ELAStiC provides a template for setting up similar initiatives in other countries. We have also defined a number of alcohol specific variables using routinely-collected available data that can be used in other epidemiological studies into alcohol related outcomes. With over 10 years of longitudinal data, it will help to understand alcohol-related disease and health trajectories across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Trefan
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 3rd Floor Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS
| | - A Akbari
- Health Data Research UK Wales and Northern Ireland, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP
| | - S Paranjothy
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 3rd Floor Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS
| | - D M Farewell
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 3rd Floor Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS
| | - A Gartner
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 3rd Floor Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS
| | - D Fone
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 3rd Floor Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS
| | - J Greene
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 3rd Floor Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS
| | - A Evans
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 3rd Floor Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS
| | - A Smith
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 3rd Floor Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS
| | - V Adekanmbi
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, 3rd Floor Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4YS
| | - J Kennedy
- Health Data Research UK Wales and Northern Ireland, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP
| | - R A Lyons
- Health Data Research UK Wales and Northern Ireland, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP
| | - S C Moore
- Crime and Security Research Institute and School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XY
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Msayib Y, Harston GWJ, Tee YK, Sheerin F, Blockley NP, Okell TW, Jezzard P, Kennedy J, Chappell MA. Quantitative CEST imaging of amide proton transfer in acute ischaemic stroke. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 23:101833. [PMID: 31063943 PMCID: PMC6503165 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging may help identify the ischaemic penumbra in stroke patients, the classical definition of which is a region of tissue around the ischaemic core that is hypoperfused and metabolically stressed. Given the potential of APT imaging to complement existing imaging techniques to provide clinically-relevant information, there is a need to develop analysis techniques that deliver a robust and repeatable APT metric. The challenge to accurate quantification of an APT metric has been the heterogeneous in-vivo environment of human tissue, which exhibits several confounding magnetisation transfer effects including spectrally-asymmetric nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs). The recent literature has introduced various model-free and model-based approaches to analysis that seek to overcome these limitations. OBJECTIVES The objective of this work was to compare quantification techniques for CEST imaging that specifically separate APT and NOE effects for application in the clinical setting. Towards this end a methodological comparison of different CEST quantification techniques was undertaken in healthy subjects, and around clinical endpoints in a cohort of acute stroke patients. METHODS MRI data from 12 patients presenting with ischaemic stroke were retrospectively analysed. Six APT quantification techniques, comprising model-based and model-free techniques, were compared for repeatability and ability for APT to distinguish pathological tissue in acute stroke. RESULTS Robustness analysis of six quantification techniques indicated that the multi-pool model-based technique had the smallest contrast between grey and white matter (2%), whereas model-free techniques exhibited the highest contrast (>30%). Model-based techniques also exhibited the lowest spatial variability, of which 4-pool APTR∗ was by far the most uniform (10% coefficient of variation, CoV), followed by 3-pool analysis (20%). Four-pool analysis yielded the highest ischaemic core contrast-to-noise ratio (0.74). Four-pool modelling of APT effects was more repeatable (3.2% CoV) than 3-pool modelling (4.6% CoV), but this appears to come at the cost of reduced contrast between infarct growth tissue and normal tissue. CONCLUSION The multi-pool measures performed best across the analyses of repeatability, spatial variability, contrast-to-noise ratio, and grey matter-white matter contrast, and might therefore be more suitable for use in clinical imaging of acute stroke. Addition of a fourth pool that separates NOEs and semisolid effects appeared to be more biophysically accurate and provided better separation of the APT signal compared to the 3-pool equivalent, but this improvement appeared be accompanied by reduced contrast between infarct growth tissue and normal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Msayib
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - G W J Harston
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Y K Tee
- Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia
| | - F Sheerin
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - N P Blockley
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - T W Okell
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - P Jezzard
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - J Kennedy
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - M A Chappell
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK.
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Lewis T, Kennedy J, Price G, Mee T, Kirkby K, Kirkby N, Woolf D, Bayman N, Chan C, Coote J, Faivre-Finn C, Harris M, Hudson A, Pemberton L, Salem A, Sheikh H, Mistry H, Cobben D. PO-0775 Palliative lung radiotherapy: audit of prescribing practice and survival analysis. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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McCourt DD, Parikh K, Dadivas A, Brady AL, Kennedy J, Ali ZA, Zeger EL, Shevade A, Gilman PB, Wallon UM. Abstract P1-11-08: Assay for personalized prediction of chemotherapy-induced delayed nausea. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-11-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a distressing side effect according to patients. CINV can negatively affect nutritional habits, ability to work and motivation to follow treatment regimens. Assessment of CINV is an essential component of care for patients receiving chemotherapy. Multiple factors influence the incidence of CINV with the chemotherapy regimen, both type and dosage, being the primary risk factor. It is generally assumed that the strongest patient-related factors are younger age and female sex. However, reports in the literature have demonstrated that using these factors clinicians underestimate the prevalence of CINV, especially delayed nausea.
Thus, there is a need for risk assessment tools to accurately identify patients requiring anti-emetic regimens to improve quality of life of patients and their families.
Most chemotherapeutic agents cause bursts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in cellular damage and release of substances that can activate receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. Glutathione (GSH), a key antioxidant, is responsible for maintaining redox homeostasis by neutralizing ROS elicited from chemotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesized that a patient's risk of CINV may reflect individual variations in the efficiency to scavenge free radicals after chemotherapy.
Methods: In our Institutional Review Board approved study, we have enrolled over 300 patients and completed assessment of 133 patients. These patients were treated with highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapies for lung, colon, or breast cancer. Blood samples were drawn from chemotherapy naïve patients and used to determine the glutathione recycling capacity. The assay detects the conversion of a bioactive probe, hydroxyethyl disulfide, into mercaptoethanol, which once normalized to red blood cell count, indicates glutathione recycling capacity (ChemoTox). Nausea severity was reported using the Rotterdam Symptom Check-List at each treatment cycle. Self-reported symptoms were compared to notes in medical records and anti-emetic prescription history.
Results: We previously published the correlation between low ChemoTox and risk of delayed nausea for patients receiving platinum-based therapy for lung and colon cancer (N=64; correctly classified 88.5%; AUC 0.77). In this second evaluation, using SAS/STAT v.14.1 classification trees, we show the results from testing this prediction tool for breast cancer patients that typically are treated with anthracycline- or taxane-based chemotherapies. An early evaluation of anthracycline-based therapies (N=37) demonstrated a weak association between experienced nausea and ChemoTox (correctly classified 69.2%; AUC 0.64). In contrast, patients treated with taxane-based therapies (N=32) demonstrated a similar correlation between ChemoTox and severity of nausea as previously seen for platinum therapies. Also, a similar accuracy in identifying patients at risk of moderate-severe nausea was identified (correctly classified 77.3%; AUC 0.79).
Conclusion: The results from our prospective study suggests that a reduced ability to recycle GSH in the blood may offer an objective prediction of delayed nausea, possibly allowing for optimal anti-emetic regimen to improve the quality-of-life for breast cancer patients.
Citation Format: McCourt DD, Parikh K, Dadivas A, Brady AL, Kennedy J, Ali ZA, Zeger EL, Shevade A, Gilman PB, Wallon UM. Assay for personalized prediction of chemotherapy-induced delayed nausea [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- DD McCourt
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - K Parikh
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - A Dadivas
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - AL Brady
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - J Kennedy
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - ZA Ali
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - EL Zeger
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - A Shevade
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - PB Gilman
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - UM Wallon
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
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Klein JD, Aukers Z, Kennedy J, Ciocca RM, Sabol JL, Carp NZ, Wallon UM. Abstract P4-06-11: Cryoablation of murine mammary tumors induce robust immune response. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-06-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is traditionally not considered as a highly immunogenic disease.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer with reported high genomic instability and high mutation rate, indicating the possible presence of neoantigens. Cryoablation, the destruction of cells by ultra-low temperatures, can release these neoantigens and induce a tumor specific immune response.
We hypothesized these neoantigens might be sufficient to trigger a robust immune response to prevent and/or reduce spread and relapse of TNBC.
In this pilot study we cryoablated orthotopical 4T1 tumors in immune competent Balb/c mice and compared the results to surgery to evaluate 1) possible induction of immune responses and 2) effects on metastases formation.
Methods: We used 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells to initiate tumor growth in the mammary fatpad. Tumors were treated by cryoablation, cryoablation followed by surgery (cryo-surgery), or surgery alone. Tumor growth was followed and allowed to reach 3-4mm in largest dimension. Animals were euthanized 7 days post-treatment and tissues were collected to assess cytokine levels and presence of dissociated 4T1 cells. Single-cell suspensions of tumor, tumor-draining lymph node [TDLN], and spleen were tested for secretion of mouse Th1/Th2 cytokines using a bead array and measured by flow cytometery. Possible metastatic spread was assessed by a clonogenic assay using cells from venous blood, lung, and brain. Cell suspensions were seeded in growth medium supplemented with the selection agent 6-thioguanine, allowing only resistant 4T1 cells to form colonies.
Results: Cryoablation transformed tumors into a gelatinous mass surrounded by a fibrotic capsule, as typically seen in the clinic. Frozen sections of tumors revealed a necrotic core and infiltrating lymphocytes in the microenvironment. These animals displayed robust increases of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in both spleen and TDLN compared to animals with cryo-surgery treatment. TDLN of animals with surgically excised tumors secreted only IL-2. Circulating tumor cells were found in animals prior to treatment, while no 4T1 colonies formed from cell suspensions of lung and brain tissue [N=8]. At end-point, the surgery alone group had more 4T1 foci formed from lung and brain [mean foci /animal = 6.25 and 0.75, respectively; N=6] than the other two groups. Two animals in this group progressed and were euthanized early due to numerous lung metastases. The cryoablated group had the lowest number of foci formed in the lung and brain [2.25 and 0 respectively; N=8], and all animals were healthy at the predetermined end-point. Mean foci formation in the cryo-surgery group [N=7] was in-between the two other groups and one animal was euthanized early due to metastatic burden 5 days after surgery.
Conclusion: Cryoablation of TNBC can induce stimulatory immune responses in vivo. These immune responses might explain why animals treated with cryoablation, though having circulating tumor cells at the time of treatment, exhibited fewer micro metastatic growths compared to surgery alone and the cryo-surgery combination. On-going experiments aim to identify long-term effects of cryoablation on the formation of metastatic foci and growth.
Citation Format: Klein JD, Aukers Z, Kennedy J, Ciocca RM, Sabol JL, Carp NZ, Wallon UM. Cryoablation of murine mammary tumors induce robust immune response [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-06-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- JD Klein
- LMC, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - Z Aukers
- LMC, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - J Kennedy
- LMC, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - RM Ciocca
- LMC, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - JL Sabol
- LMC, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - NZ Carp
- LMC, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
| | - UM Wallon
- LMC, Wynnewood, PA; Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA
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Lewis T, Kennedy J, Price G, Mee T, Woolf D, Bayman N, Chan C, Coote J, Faivre-Finn C, Harris M, Hudson A, Pemberton L, Salem A, Sheikh H, Mistry H, Cobben D. Palliative lung radiotherapy at the Christie: audit of prescribing practice and survival analysis. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang G, Gintz D, Naghavi A, Kennedy J, Shah K, Trotti A, Harrison L, Caudell J. Utility of an Intermediate Risk Volume in HPV+ Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Patterns of Failure Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kennedy J, Missiuna C, Pollock N, Wu S, Yost J, Campbell W. A scoping review to explore how universal design for learning is described and implemented by rehabilitation health professionals in school settings. Child Care Health Dev 2018; 44:670-688. [PMID: 29873101 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Universal design for learning (UDL) is a framework that provides guidelines to support children with diverse needs in the classroom and promotes inclusion of all children. Although UDL is recognized as a promising approach for school-based rehabilitation health professionals (RHPs), there are no studies that synthesize evidence on the use of UDL by RHPs in the school setting. Therefore, the research question for this study is: How is UDL described and implemented in school settings by RHPs? This study specifically examined literature from occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and speech-language pathology. METHODS A scoping review was completed to (a) summarize how UDL is described in the rehabilitation literature, (b) summarize the recommended and reported role of RHPs in the delivery of UDL, and (c) identify gaps in the evidence base. CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science, and ERIC electronic databases were searched. Numerical summaries and theoretical thematic analysis were used to describe the data both quantitatively and qualitatively. RESULTS Inclusion criteria were achieved for 45 of the 3,998 screened documents. Most of the included documents lacked a definition of UDL. Analysis suggested that speech-language pathologists and occupational therapists implement UDL in a variety of ways within the school setting. No physiotherapy literature was found, and limited high-level empirical research has been conducted within rehabilitation. CONCLUSION This scoping review provides a broad understanding of how RHPs describe and implement UDL-aligned services in school settings. UDL is a promising framework that provides RHPs with guidance on how to support children with diverse needs in the classroom, with the overall aim to promote inclusion of all children. There is a need for further research to determine the effectiveness of UDL as implemented by RHPs and to examine the role of physiotherapists in using UDL-type services.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kennedy
- School of Rehabilitation Science, CanChild, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - C Missiuna
- School of Rehabilitation Science, CanChild, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - N Pollock
- School of Rehabilitation Science, CanChild, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S Wu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, CanChild, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J Yost
- College of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - W Campbell
- School of Rehabilitation Science, CanChild, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Maria Magdalane C, Kaviyarasu K, Raja A, Arularasu MV, Mola GT, Isaev AB, Al-Dhabi NA, Arasu MV, Jeyaraj B, Kennedy J, Maaza M. Photocatalytic decomposition effect of erbium doped cerium oxide nanostructures driven by visible light irradiation: Investigation of cytotoxicity, antibacterial growth inhibition using catalyst. J Photochem Photobiol B 2018; 185:275-282. [PMID: 30012250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cerium (IV) oxide (CeO2) is the most accessible noble rare earth metal oxide for the excitation of the excitons by light-harvesting performance. The present work is focused on Erbium doped ceria nanoparticles that were beneficially obtained by hydrothermal method from cerium nitrate and Erbium nitrate as precursors for decomposition of Rhodamine-B (RhB) dye in the polluted waste water removed from the industries. Dye removal efficiency of the catalyst was found to be nearly ~94%. The structural phases, functional groups and the transitions are identified with the help of various techniques. XRD pattern determines the development of cubic phase with the particle size is 20 nm. Highly crystalline nature of as-synthesized nanomaterials with an average diameter of 35 nm was investigated by HRSEM. The crystalline size, shape and textural morphology, of the Erbium doped ceria nanostructures were analysed by HRTEM. Our results suggest, that the concentration of OH- ion determines the lattice constants and oxygen vacancy in the nanostructures which stimulate the probability of photocatalytic decomposition effect of organic pollutants, due to synergistic approach. In this context, both unhydrolyzed things and their swiftly drip from deceased or scratched cells with conceded membranes, even when the cells embrace some are outstanding attention. Although, the loss of viable cells also depends on epithelial cell dynamically conceal of numerous molar matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Maria Magdalane
- Department of Chemistry, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Tirunelveli 627002, India; LIFE, Department of Chemistry, Loyola College (Autonomous), Chennai 600034, India
| | - K Kaviyarasu
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience's/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, P O Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
| | - A Raja
- Department of Physics, Kalasalingam Institute of Technology, Krishnan Koil 626126, India
| | - M V Arularasu
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600005, India
| | - Genene T Mola
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Abdulgalim B Isaev
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Technology, Dagestan State University, M. Gadjieva, 43a, 367001 Makhachkala, Russian Federation
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariadhas Valan Arasu
- Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - B Jeyaraj
- LIFE, Department of Chemistry, Loyola College (Autonomous), Chennai 600034, India
| | - J Kennedy
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience's/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - M Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience's/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, P O Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa
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Mobeen Amanulla A, Jasmine Shahina SK, Sundaram R, Maria Magdalane C, Kaviyarasu K, Letsholathebe D, Mohamed S, Kennedy J, Maaza M. Antibacterial, magnetic, optical and humidity sensor studies of β-CoMoO 4 - Co 3 O 4 nanocomposites and its synthesis and characterization. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 2018; 183:233-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Agarwal R, Kyvernitakis A, Soleimani B, Milano C, Kennedy J, Benza R, Murali S, Bailey S. Clinical Experience and Outcomes of HeartMate II to HeartWare Left Ventricular Assist Device Exchange: A Multicenter Experience of 24 Cases. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Yang G, Gintz D, Naghavi A, Kennedy J, Shah K, Caudell J. Prediction of PEG Tube Rates in the Era of Constrictor and Laryngeal Sparing. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tharmalingam H, Tsang Y, Kennedy J, Choudhury A, Hoskin P. Whole Pelvis Irradiation Improves Biochemical Progression-free Survival in High-risk Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with External Beam Radiotherapy and High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Shokuhi P, McGarrigle SA, Sullivan CJ, Boyle T, Al-azawi D, O'Keeffe S, Kennedy J, Connolly EM. Abstract P1-02-07: Breast density, metabolic syndrome and body composition in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p1-02-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background- The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent among post-menopausal breast cancer patients and is associated with increased breast cancer risk. Mammographic breast density (BD) is also positively associated with increased breast cancer risk. The relationship between MetS and mammographic BD is unclear and requires further investigation.
Aim- The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the MetS and its component features with breast density.
Methods - 112 post-menopausal women with breast cancer were recruited. Body composition (Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)) was measured objectively in participants prior to surgery. Metabolic profiles were measured in blood taken from participants prior to surgery. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. BD was classified according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). Participants were categorised into those with 'Dense' (BI-RADS score 3 or 4) or 'Less Dense' (BI-RADS score 1 or 2) breasts. Group means were compared using unpaired t-tests for parametric or Mann Whitney tests for non-parametric data. Categorical data was analysed using Fisher's exact test or Chi squared test as appropriate.
Results - An inverse relationship was observed between measures of adiposity and BD. Participants with 'dense' (BI-RADS 3/4) breasts had significantly lower BMI(p=0.0034), waist circumference(p=0.0007), systolic blood pressure(p= 0.03), circulating insulin level(p=0.009) and glycated haemoglobin(p=0.008) than those with 'less dense' (BI-RADS 1/2) breasts. HDL was significantly higher in those with 'dense' versus those with 'less dense' breasts(p= 0.03). participants with 'less dense' breasts were significantly more likely to be insulin resistant (HOMA-IR ≥2) than those with 'dense breasts' (50.6% versus 20% respectively); p=0.01.
Other components of the MetS (Serum triglycerides, glucose and diastolic blood pressure) did not differ significantly between participants with 'dense' and 'less dense' breasts. No differences in overall survival were observed between participants with 'Dense' versus those with 'Less Dense' breasts (P=0.93).
Conclusion - Although both MetS and BD are positively associated with breast cancer risk; it is unlikely that the MetS is related to an increase in breast cancer risk through a mechanism involving BD. Further work on this study is currently underway and will involve adjusting for potential confounders including age and BMI as well as examining the relationship between MetS and BD in pre-menopausal breast cancer patients.
Citation Format: Shokuhi P, McGarrigle SA, Sullivan CJ, Boyle T, Al-azawi D, O'Keeffe S, Kennedy J, Connolly EM. Breast density, metabolic syndrome and body composition in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-02-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Shokuhi
- St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - T Boyle
- St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - J Kennedy
- St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Prior L, Teo M, Greally M, Ward C, O'Leary C, Aslam R, Darwish W, Ahmed N, Watson G, Kelly D, Kiely L, Hassan A, Gleeson J, Featherstone H, Lim M, Murray H, Gallagher D, Westrup J, Hennessy B, Leonard G, Grogan L, Breathnach O, Horgan A, Coate L, O'Mahony D, Coate L, O'Reilly S, Gupta R, Keane M, Duffy K, O'Connor M, Kennedy J, McCaffrey J, Higgins M, Kelly C, Carney D, Gullo G, Crown J, Walshe J. Abstract P6-08-17: Pregnancy associated breast cancer: Evaluating maternal outcomes. A multicentre study. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p6-08-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pregnancy associated breast cancer (PABC) is defined as breast cancer (BC) diagnosed during the gestational period (GP) or in the first year postpartum (PP). Despite its infrequent occurrence, the incidence of PABC appears to be rising due to the increasing propensity for women to delay childbirth. We have established the first combined prospective and retrospective registry study of PABC in Ireland to examine specific clinicopathological characteristics, treatments and maternal outcomes. We present the retrospective findings to date.
Methods
We performed a retrospective multicentre observational study of patients (pts) with PABC treated in the eight Irish cancer centres from August 2001 to March 2017. Data extracted included information on pt demographics, tumour biology, staging, treatment administered and maternal outcomes. Standard biostatistical methods were used for analysis.
Results
111 PABC patients were identified. Sixty pts (54%) were diagnosed during the GP and 51 (46%) within 1 year PP. Median age at diagnosis was 36 years (yrs). Table 1 illustrates baseline characteristics. Two thirds of pts were node positive and a similar proportion had grade 3 pathology. Seventy pts (63%) were estrogen receptor (ER) positive, 36 (32%) HER2 positive, 25 (22%) triple negative. Twenty-two pts (20%) were metastatic at presentation. Seven pts (6%) had a known BRCA 1/2 mutation. The median OS (overall survival) and DFS (disease free survival) for the entire cohort was 107.4 and 94.2 months respectively (resp). There was no survival difference between those diagnosed during the GP versus PP. 5 yr DFS and OS was 68.6% and 69.2% resp. This compares unfavourably to results reported by the National Cancer Registry of Ireland in a similar age-matched BC population between 2000-2012 where the 5 yr OS was 86.5%. Variables in our study associated with poorer outcomes included younger age, tumour size, node positivity and lack of estrogen expression.
Baseline characteristics PABC patients (n=11) %(n)Diagnosed in GP (n=60) %(n)Diagnosed 1yr PP (n=51) %(n)p valueDemographic Age at diagnosis3636(25-49)36(21-44)0.31Stage I-II54(60)55(33)53(27)0.85III23(26)23(14)23(12)1IV20(22)18(11)22(11)0.81Unknown3(3)3(2)2(1)1Pathology Grade 366(74)70(42)63(32)0.43Node positive66(73)68(41)63(32)0.55ER+/HER2-41(45)38(23)43(22)0.69ER+/HER2+23(25)28(17)16(8)0.17ER-/HER2+14(16)17(10)12(6)0.59Triple negative22(25)17(10)29(15)0.11Surgery Breast conservation23(26)25(15)21(11)0.82Mastectomy56(63)57(34)59(30)0.84Adjuavnt/Neoadjuvant treatment Chemotherapy73(81)77(46)69(35)0.39Anthracycline68(55)78(36)54(19)0.03Taxane89(72)93(43)83(29)0.16Anti HER2 agent21(23)18(11)24(12)0.63Endocrine therapy64(52)63(29)66(23)0.84Radiotherapy79(64)74(34)86(30)0.85Relapse in Stage I-III Local relapse15(13)12(6)18(7)0.55Distant relapse24(21)22(11)25(10)0.80
Conclusions
PABC patients may have a poorer outcome. Our study reported higher rates of triple negative and HER2 positive breast cancer which are associated with more aggressive biology. Prospective evaluation of clinicopathological features, pharmacokinetics of treatments selected and maternal and fetal outcomes is imperative in this distinct pt group.
Citation Format: Prior L, Teo M, Greally M, Ward C, O'Leary C, Aslam R, Darwish W, Ahmed N, Watson G, Kelly D, Kiely L, Hassan A, Gleeson J, Featherstone H, Lim M, Murray H, Gallagher D, Westrup J, Hennessy B, Leonard G, Grogan L, Breathnach O, Horgan A, Coate L, O'Mahony D, Coate L, O'Reilly S, Gupta R, Keane M, Duffy K, O'Connor M, Kennedy J, McCaffrey J, Higgins M, Kelly C, Carney D, Gullo G, Crown J, Walshe J. Pregnancy associated breast cancer: Evaluating maternal outcomes. A multicentre study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-08-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Prior
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Teo
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Greally
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Ward
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C O'Leary
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Aslam
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - W Darwish
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N Ahmed
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Watson
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Kelly
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Kiely
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Hassan
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Gleeson
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - M Lim
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Murray
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - J Westrup
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - G Leonard
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Grogan
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - A Horgan
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Coate
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - L Coate
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - R Gupta
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Keane
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Duffy
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - J Kennedy
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - M Higgins
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Kelly
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Carney
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Gullo
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Crown
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Walshe
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Keegan NM, Walshe J, Gullo G, Kennedy J, Bulger K, Kelly CM, Crown J, Toomey S, Egan K, Kerr J, Given M, Hernando A, Teiserskiene A, Grogan L, Breathnach O, Morris PG, Keane M, Hennessy BT. Abstract OT3-06-05: A phase Ib/II trial of coPANlisib in combination with tratuzumab in pretreated recurrent or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer “PantHER”. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-ot3-06-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is important in the oncogenic function of HER2. Aberrent activation of PI3K is implicated in resistance to trastuzumab and other HER2-targeted therapies and is frequent, with up to 22% of HER2 positive breast cancer having a PIK3CA mutation. Copanlisib is a pan-class 1 PI3K inhibitor that shows particular activity against PI3Kα, the isoform encoded by the PIK3CA gene. Copanlisib has been shown to re-sensitise trastuzumab resistant cell lines to trastuzumab with synergism seen in some cell lines between copanlisib and HER2 targeted therapy.
Trial design
The study is a phase Ib/II open label, single arm adaptive, multi-centre trial of copanlisib in combination with trastuzumab. Eligible patients are treated with a dose escalation schedule of copanlisib IV on Days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28 day cycle with trastuzumab 2 mg/kg weekly (loading dose of 4 mg/kg in cycle 1). The phase II dose will be based on the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) established in Phase Ib. Patients are treated until radiologic or symptomatic progression, unacceptable toxicity, consent withdrawal or physician's decision.
Eligibility criteria
Eligible patients must have recurrent incurable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer that has progressed on at least one prior line of trastuzumab or T-DM1-based treatment regimen in this setting. Patients with treated and controlled brain metastases are eligible. Participants must have adequate organ function and ECOG PS ≤ 2. Patients recruited for the Phase II part of the study must have a PIK3CA mutation. Patients with uncontrolled arterial hypertension, uncontrolled diabetes or recent clinically serious infections are excluded.
Specific aims
The primary end point for the phase Ib part of this study is to determine the MTD for the combination. For the phase II study is anti-tumour efficacy, measured by Clinical Benefit Rate (CBR).
Secondary end points are evaluation of safety and tolerability, progression-free survival, time to treatment failure, duration of response and overall survival. Incorporated translational endpoints include examination of molecular tumor adaptation in tissue and blood. Given the role of PI3K in cellular glucose metabolism, an additional exploratory objective is to determine if quantitive reduction in metabolic signal on Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) is predictive of benefit from therapy.
Statistical methods
To establish the MTD, we use a modified 3+3 design where 3 additional patients will be accrued even if the first 3 patients accrued experience no dose limiting toxicities (DLT) in sequential cohorts for a planned 12 patients. To determine the CBR, a one sample exact binomial test with a one sided significance level of 5%, 19 evaluable patients will provide >80% power to detect a difference between the null hypothesis proportion of 30% for CBR versus the alternative hypothesis proportion of 65%.
Present accrual and target accrual
There are 9 patients recruited so far to the phase Ib part of this study. Target accrual is 12 and for phase II is 19 patients.
Contact information for people with a specific interest in the trial
Prof Bryan Hennessy, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin Ireland
Funded by Bayer
Citation Format: Keegan NM, Walshe J, Gullo G, Kennedy J, Bulger K, Kelly CM, Crown J, Toomey S, Egan K, Kerr J, Given M, Hernando A, Teiserskiene A, Grogan L, Breathnach O, Morris PG, Keane M, Hennessy BT. A phase Ib/II trial of coPANlisib in combination with tratuzumab in pretreated recurrent or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer “PantHER” [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-06-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- NM Keegan
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - J Walshe
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - G Gullo
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - J Kennedy
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - K Bulger
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - CM Kelly
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - J Crown
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - S Toomey
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - K Egan
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - J Kerr
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - M Given
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - A Hernando
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - A Teiserskiene
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - L Grogan
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - O Breathnach
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - PG Morris
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - M Keane
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - BT Hennessy
- RCSI Molecular Medicine, Dublin, Ireland; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Midland Regional Hospital at Tullamore, Tullamore, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
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Kennedy J. Oocyte size distribution reveals ovary development strategy, number and relative size of egg batches in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus). Polar Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-018-2266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kennedy J, Devlin P, Wilson CM, McGlinchey PG. Sinoatrial Node Disease in Adults with Down's Syndrome. Ulster Med J 2018; 87:37-38. [PMID: 29588556 PMCID: PMC5849953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Kennedy
- Department of Cardiology, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry, Northern Ireland, UK BT47 6SB
| | - P Devlin
- Department of Cardiology, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry, Northern Ireland, UK BT47 6SB
| | - CM Wilson
- Department of Cardiology, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry, Northern Ireland, UK BT47 6SB
| | - PG McGlinchey
- Department of Cardiology, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Glenshane Road, Derry, Northern Ireland, UK BT47 6SB, Correspondence to Dr Paul McGlinchey
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Kennedy J, Galloway K, McCormick S, Kyoong A. Periodic limb movements in sleep, are they significant? Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Baird A, Keegan N, Barr M, Fishleder S, Idris A, Harrold E, O'Kelly P, Duff E, Lim S, O'Donnell M, Gallagher D, Grant C, Kennedy J, O'Donnell D, Sukor S, O'Brien C, Finn S, Cuffe S. MA 04.10 An Assessment of the Willingness to Provide Serial Bio-Specimens: Experience from an Irish Tertiary Cancer Centre. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Joseph N, McWilliam A, Kennedy J, Haslett K, Faivre-Finn C, Choudhury A. Posttreatment Lymphocytopenia, Integral Heart Dose, and Overall Survival in Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Radical Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Philip C, Harrity C, Kennedy J, Marron K. Rapid flow cytometric assessment of uterine receptivity by evaluation of epithelial B3 integrin expression in progesterone primed endometrial biopsies. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kaviyarasu K, Maria Magdalane C, Kanimozhi K, Kennedy J, Siddhardha B, Subba Reddy E, Rotte NK, Sharma CS, Thema FT, Letsholathebe D, Mola GT, Maaza M. Elucidation of photocatalysis, photoluminescence and antibacterial studies of ZnO thin films by spin coating method. J Photochem Photobiol B 2017; 173:466-475. [PMID: 28668515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The ZnO thin films have been prepared by spin coating followed by annealing at different temperatures like 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 450°C, 500°C & 550°C and ZnO nanoparticles have been used for photocatalytic and antibacterial applications. The morphological investigation and phase analysis of synthesized thin films well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Photoluminescence (PL), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Raman studies. The luminescence peaks detected in the noticeable region between 350nm to 550nm for all synthesized nanosamples are associated to the existence of defects of oxygen sites. The luminescence emission bands are observed at 487nm (blue emission), and 530nm (green emission) at the RT. It is observed that there are no modification positions of PL peaks in all ZnO nanoparticles. In the current attempt, the synthesized ZnO particles have been used photocatalytic and antibacterial applications. The antibacterial activity of characterized samples was regulated using different concentrations of synthesized ZnO particles (100μg/ml, 200μg/ml, 300μg/ml, 400μg/ml, 500μg/ml and 600μg/ml) against gram positive and gram negative bacteria (S. pnemoniae, S. aureus, E. coli and E. hermannii) using agar well diffusion assay. The increase in concentration, decrease in zone of inhibition. The prepared ZnO morphologies showed photocatalytic activity under the sunlight enhancing the degradation rate of Rhodamine-B (RhB), which is one of the common water pollutant released by textile and paper industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaviyarasu
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience's/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, P O Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
| | - C Maria Magdalane
- Department of Chemistry, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Tirunelveli 627002, India; LIFE, Department of Chemistry, Loyola College (Autonomous), Chennai 600034, India
| | - K Kanimozhi
- PG Research & Department of Chemistry, Auxilium College (Autonomous), Vellore, India
| | - J Kennedy
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience's/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - B Siddhardha
- Department of Microbiology School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - E Subba Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Andhra Loyola College (Autonomous), Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh 520008, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Rotte
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Chandra Shekhar Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - F T Thema
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience's/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, P O Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa
| | | | - Genene Tessema Mola
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - M Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience's/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, P O Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa
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Carone D, Licenik R, Suri S, Griffanti L, Filippini N, Kennedy J. Impact of automated ICA-based denoising of fMRI data in acute stroke patients. Neuroimage Clin 2017; 16:23-31. [PMID: 28736698 PMCID: PMC5508492 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Different strategies have been developed using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to automatically de-noise fMRI data, either focusing on removing only certain components (e.g. motion-ICA-AROMA, Pruim et al., 2015a) or using more complex classifiers to remove multiple types of noise components (e.g. FIX, Salimi-Khorshidi et al., 2014 Griffanti et al., 2014). However, denoising data obtained in an acute setting might prove challenging: the presence of multiple noise sources may not allow focused strategies to clean the data enough and the heterogeneity in the data may be so great to critically undermine complex approaches. The purpose of this study was to explore what automated ICA based approach would better cope with these limitations when cleaning fMRI data obtained from acute stroke patients. The performance of a focused classifier (ICA-AROMA) and a complex classifier (FIX) approaches were compared using data obtained from twenty consecutive acute lacunar stroke patients using metrics determining RSN identification, RSN reproducibility, changes in the BOLD variance, differences in the estimation of functional connectivity and loss of temporal degrees of freedom. The use of generic-trained FIX resulted in misclassification of components and significant loss of signal (< 80%), and was not explored further. Both ICA-AROMA and patient-trained FIX based denoising approaches resulted in significantly improved RSN reproducibility (p < 0.001), localized reduction in BOLD variance consistent with noise removal, and significant changes in functional connectivity (p < 0.001). Patient-trained FIX resulted in higher RSN identifiability (p < 0.001) and wider changes both in the BOLD variance and in functional connectivity compared to ICA-AROMA. The success of ICA-AROMA suggests that by focusing on selected components the full automation can deliver meaningful data for analysis even in population with multiple sources of noise. However, the time invested to train FIX with appropriate patient data proved valuable, particularly in improving the signal-to-noise ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Carone
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Experimental Stroke Research, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan Center of Neuroscience, Monza, Italy
| | - R. Licenik
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - S. Suri
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L. Griffanti
- Oxford Centre of Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - N. Filippini
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, West Wing level 6, JR hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J. Kennedy
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Kaviyarasu K, Geetha N, Kanimozhi K, Maria Magdalane C, Sivaranjani S, Ayeshamariam A, Kennedy J, Maaza M. In vitro cytotoxicity effect and antibacterial performance of human lung epithelial cells A549 activity of Zinc oxide doped TiO 2 nanocrystals: Investigation of bio-medical application by chemical method. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2017; 74:325-333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Vasquez Osorio E, McWilliam A, Kennedy J, Faivre-Finn C, Van Herk M. PV-0286: Quantifying registration uncertainties in image-based data mining. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)30729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Joseph N, McWilliam A, Haslett K, Kennedy J, Faivre-Finn C, Choudhury A. PO-0952: Integral heart dose and lymphocytopaenia in lung cancer patients treated with radical radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31389-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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