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Kim YW, Park JM, Park CS, Na H, Kang YW, Lee W, Sun JY. Anisotropically Conductive Hydrogels with Directionally Aligned PEDOT:PSS in a PVA Matrix. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:4013-4023. [PMID: 38189267 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Electrical anisotropy, which is characterized by the efficient transmission of electrical signals in specific directions, is prevalent in both natural and engineered systems. However, traditional anisotropically conductive materials are often rigid and dry, thus limiting their utility in applications aiming for the seamless integration of various technologies with biological tissues. In the present study, we introduce a method for precisely controlling the microstructures of conductive and insulating polymers to create highly anisotropically conductive composite hydrogels. Our methodology involves combining aligned poly(vinyl alcohol) microfibrils, infused poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrenesulfonate, and sodium citrate precipitation to form dense, aligned conductive paths. This significantly enhances the electrical conductivity anisotropy (σ∥/σ⊥ ≈ 60.8) within these composite hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Woo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Man Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonuk Na
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Woo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseop Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Lee YH, Song WJ, Park JM, Sung G, Lee MG, Kim M, Park S, Lee JS, Kim M, Kim WS, Sun JY. Full-Color Generation via Phototunable Mono Ink for Fast and Elaborate Printings. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2307165. [PMID: 37945054 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Unlike pigment-based colors, which are determined by their molecular structure, diverse colors can be expressed by a regular arrangement of nanomaterials. However, existing techniques for constructing such nanostructures have struggled to combine high precision and speed, resulting in a narrow gamut, and prolonged color fabrication time. Here, this work reports a phototunable mono ink that can generate a wide range of colors by controlling regularly arranged nanostructure. Core-shell growth controlled by polymerization time precisely regulates the distance between arranged particles at a nanometer-scale, enabling the generation of various colors. Moreover, the wide and thin arrangement induces constrained out-of-plane growth, thus facilitating the intricate color generation at the desired location via photopolymerization. Upon terminating polymerization by oxygen gas, the generated colors are readily fixed and kept stable. Utilizing programmed ultraviolet illumination, large-scale and high-resolution (≈1 µm) full-color printings are demonstrated at high speed (100 mm2 s-1 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hyeok Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Man Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gimin Sung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gyu Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungeun Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Sang Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook Sung Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Ferreri CA, Benvenuto A, Cassidy DE, McGee LM, Gamsarian VA, Daignault-Newton S, Ivancic V, Park JM, Sack BS, Streur CS, Wan J, Kraft KH. The role of a photographic atlas in reducing unanticipated healthcare utilization following circumcision. J Pediatr Urol 2023; 19:642.e1-642.e6. [PMID: 37481429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circumcision is a common procedure that can evoke caregiver anxiety in the postoperative period due to unfamiliarity with the healing process. To mitigate unnecessary healthcare utilization such as phone calls and unanticipated clinic or emergency department (ED) visits, photographic atlases have been developed to better prepare caregivers for the recovery process. The objective of our study is to further investigate the efficacy of a photographic atlas in its ability to decrease postoperative healthcare utilization using an increased sample size and extended study period compared to previous studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we compared a prospective intervention cohort of patients undergoing circumcision at our institution who received a photographic atlas during postoperative teaching to a retrospective cohort of patients who had not received it. Our primary outcome was unanticipated healthcare utilization, defined as postoperative telephone calls and unanticipated presentations to the urology clinic or ED. RESULTS The retrospective no-atlas cohort included 105 patients, and the prospective intervention atlas cohort included 80 patients. Both groups were similar with respect to age (p = 0.47) and other demographics. There was no statistically significant difference in healthcare utilization between the no-atlas and atlas cohort. Specifically, we identified no difference in the number of phone calls to clinic staff (12 [11.4%] vs. 11 [13.8%], p = 0.64) or unanticipated postoperative clinic or ED visits (2 [1.9%] vs. 4 [5.0%], p = 0.41). DISCUSSION The use of a photographic atlas as part of caregiver support for circumcision patients did not demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in either postoperative phone calls or clinic/ED visits. The decrease in absolute number of caregiver phone calls was minimal (12-11), with a small increase in follow-up presentations (2-4). The lack of significant change may be due to the already infrequent occurrence of these events following circumcision, as demonstrated by the no-atlas cohort. Other potential advantages of the atlas, such as improved caregiver confidence and satisfaction, may have been present, but were not measured in this study. CONCLUSIONS Adding to the mixed results of previous studies, these findings do not support that photographic atlases decrease unanticipated healthcare utilization in children undergoing a circumcision. However, utilization was found to be low. Additionally, further studies are needed to determine other significant benefits of this form of education, such as improved caregiver confidence and satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Ferreri
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - A Benvenuto
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - D E Cassidy
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - L M McGee
- Department of Urology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - V A Gamsarian
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - S Daignault-Newton
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - V Ivancic
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - J M Park
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - B S Sack
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - C S Streur
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - J Wan
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - K H Kraft
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Perchik JD, Smith AD, Elkassem AA, Park JM, Rothenberg SA, Tanwar M, Yi PH, Sturdivant A, Tridandapani S, Sotoudeh H. Artificial Intelligence Literacy: Developing a Multi-institutional Infrastructure for AI Education. Acad Radiol 2023; 30:1472-1480. [PMID: 36323613 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology literacy course on participants from nine radiology residency programs in the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic United States. MATERIALS AND METHODS A week-long AI in radiology course was developed and included participants from nine radiology residency programs in the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic United States. Ten 30 minutes lectures utilizing a remote learning format covered basic AI terms and methods, clinical applications of AI in radiology by four different subspecialties, and special topics lectures on the economics of AI, ethics of AI, algorithm bias, and medicolegal implications of AI in medicine. A proctored hands-on clinical AI session allowed participants to directly use an FDA cleared AI-assisted viewer and reporting system for advanced cancer. Pre- and post-course electronic surveys were distributed to assess participants' knowledge of AI terminology and applications and interest in AI education. RESULTS There were an average of 75 participants each day of the course (range: 50-120). Nearly all participants reported a lack of sufficient exposure to AI in their radiology training (96.7%, 90/93). Mean participant score on the pre-course AI knowledge evaluation was 8.3/15, with a statistically significant increase to 10.1/15 on the post-course evaluation (p= 0.04). A majority of participants reported an interest in continued AI in radiology education in the future (78.6%, 22/28). CONCLUSION A multi-institutional AI in radiology literacy course successfully improved AI education of participants, with the majority of participants reporting a continued interest in AI in radiology education in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Perchik
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
| | - A D Smith
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - A A Elkassem
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - J M Park
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - S A Rothenberg
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - M Tanwar
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - P H Yi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Intelligent Imaging Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - A Sturdivant
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine
| | - S Tridandapani
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - H Sotoudeh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Han H, Oh YS, Cho S, Park H, Lee SU, Ko K, Park JM, Choi J, Ha JH, Han C, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Xie Z, Lee JS, Min WG, Lee BJ, Koo J, Choi DY, Je M, Sun JY, Park I. Battery-Free, Wireless, Ionic Liquid Sensor Arrays to Monitor Pressure and Temperature of Patients in Bed and Wheelchair. Small 2023; 19:e2205048. [PMID: 36534830 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Repositioning is a common guideline for the prevention of pressure injuries of bedridden or wheelchair patients. However, frequent repositioning could deteriorate the quality of patient's life and induce secondary injuries. This paper introduces a method for continuous multi-site monitoring of pressure and temperature distribution from strategically deployed sensor arrays at skin interfaces via battery-free, wireless ionic liquid pressure sensors. The wirelessly delivered power enables stable operation of the ionic liquid pressure sensor, which shows enhanced sensitivity, negligible hysteresis, high linearity and cyclic stability over relevant pressure range. The experimental investigations of the wireless devices, verified by numerical simulation of the key responses, support capabilities for real-time, continuous, long-term monitoring of the pressure and temperature distribution from multiple sensor arrays. Clinical trials on two hemiplegic patients confined on bed or wheelchair integrated with the system demonstrate the feasibility of sensor arrays for a decrease in pressure and temperature distribution under minimal repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonseok Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Suk Oh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjoo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Uk Lee
- Advanced 3D Printing Technology Development Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Kabseok Ko
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Man Park
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungrak Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chankyu Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Zichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zhuangjian Liu
- Institute of High-Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Zhaoqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Je-Sang Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital, Gimhae, 50924, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon Gi Min
- Department of Planning and Development, Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital, Gimhae, 50924, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Ju Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jahyun Koo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Choi
- Biomedical Manufacturing Technology Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Yeongcheon, 38822, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Je
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Stretchable iontronics have recently been developed as an ideal interface to promote the interaction between humans and devices. Since the materials that use ions as charge carriers are typically transparent and stretchable, they have been used to fabricate devices with diverse functions with intrinsic transparency and stretchability. With the development of device design, material design has also been investigated to mitigate the issues associated with ionic materials, such as their weak mechanical properties, poor electrical properties, or poor environmental stabilities. In this review, we describe the recent progress on the design of materials in stretchable iontronics. By classifying stretchable ionic materials into three types of components (ionic conductors, ionic semiconductors, and ionic insulators), the issues each component has and the strategies to solve them are introduced, specifically in terms of molecular interactions. We then discuss the existing hurdles and challenges to be handled and shine light on the possibilities and opportunities from the insight of molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Man Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungsoo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Lee Y, Lim S, Song WJ, Lee S, Yoon SJ, Park JM, Lee MG, Park YL, Sun JY. Triboresistive Touch Sensing: Grid-Free Touch-Point Recognition Based on Monolayered Ionic Power Generators. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2108586. [PMID: 35245965 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent growing pursuit of skin-mountable devices has been impeded by the complicated structures of most sensing systems, containing electrode grids, stacked multilayers, and even external power sources. Here, a type of touch sensing, termed "triboresistive touch sensing", is introduced for gridless touch recognition based on monolayered ionic power generators. A homogeneous monolayer, i.e., ionic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), generates electricity based on the electric field generated by touch. Voltages generated at each corner of the ionic PDMS rely on resistance between touch points and each corner, ensuring recognition of the touch positions without the need for electrode grid layers and external power sources. With notable advantages of high transparency (96.5%), stretchability (539.1%), and resilience (99.0%) of the ionic PDMS, epidermal triboresistive sensing is demonstrated to express touch position and readily play a musical instrument. A gridless system of triboresistive sensing allows rearrangement of the touch sections according to a given situation without any physical modification, and thus easily completes consecutive missions of controlling position, orientation, and gripping functions of a robot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sudong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee John Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Man Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gyu Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Lae Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Song WJ, Lee Y, Jung Y, Kang YW, Kim J, Park JM, Park YL, Kim HY, Sun JY. Soft artificial electroreceptors for noncontact spatial perception. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabg9203. [PMID: 34818043 PMCID: PMC8612677 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg9203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Elasmobranch fishes, such as sharks, skates, and rays, use a network of electroreceptors distributed on their skin to locate adjacent prey. The receptors can detect the electric field generated by the biomechanical activity of the prey. By comparing the intensity of the electric fields sensed by each receptor in the network, the animals can perceive the relative positions of the prey without making physical contact. Inspired by this capacity for prey localization, we developed a soft artificial electroreceptor that can detect the relative positions of nearby objects in a noncontact manner by sensing the electric fields that originate from the objects. By wearing the artificial receptor, one can immediately receive spatial information of a nearby object via auditory signals. The soft artificial electroreceptor is expected to expand the ways we can perceive space by providing a sensory modality that did not evolve naturally in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jun Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Younghoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yeonsu Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yong-Woo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Junhyung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jae-Man Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yong-Lae Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Ho-Young Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Corresponding author. (H.-Y.K.); (J.-Y.S.)
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Corresponding author. (H.-Y.K.); (J.-Y.S.)
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Mörikofer N, Benic GI, Park JM, Özcan M, Hüsler J, Ioannidis A. Relationship between internal accuracy and load-bearing capacity of minimally invasive lithium disilicate occlusal veneers. INT J PROSTHODONT 2021; 34:365–372. [PMID: 33616560 DOI: 10.11607/ijp.6735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test whether internal accuracy affects the load-bearing capacity of 0.5-mm-thick occlusal veneers made out of milled or heat-pressed lithium disilicate (LS2). MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracted human molars (N = 80) were divided into four groups (n = 20 each) depending on the bonding substrate (enamel [E] or dentin [D]) and the fabrication method (milling [CAD] or heat pressing [PRE]) for the occlusal LS2 veneers: (1) E-CAD, (2) D-CAD, (3) E-PRE, or (4) D-PRE. After restoration fabrication, the abutment teeth and the corresponding restorations were scanned and superimposed in order to measure the marginal and internal accuracy. After adhesive cementation, the specimens were thermomechanically aged and thereafter loaded until fracture. The load-bearing capacities (Fmax) were measured. Fmax and the marginal and internal accuracy between the groups were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test (P < .05) and pairwise group comparisons. In addition, the relationship between Fmax and the internal accuracy was analyzed using Spearman rank correlation. RESULTS Median Fmax values (and first and third quartiles) per group were as follows: 1,495 N (Q1: 932; Q3: 2'318) for E-CAD; 1,575 N (Q1: 1,314; Q3: 1,668) for E-PRE; 1,856 N (Q1: 1,555; Q3: 2,013) for D-CAD; and 1,877 N (Q1: 1,566; Q3: 2,131) for D-PRE. No statistical difference was found between the groups (P = .0981). Overall, the internal accuracy in the areas of the cusp (P < .0007) and fossa (P < .0001) showed significant differences. While no significant differences were detected in the marginal area (P = .3518), a significant correlation with a negative linear relationship was found between the 3D internal accuracy and the Fmax values (P = .0007). CONCLUSION An increase in the internal accuracy raised the load-bearing capacity of minimally invasive LS2 occlusal veneers. In general, the restorations bonded to dentin in the occlusal regions showed a better accuracy compared to those bonded to enamel.
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Park JM, Park J, Kim YH, Zhou H, Lee Y, Jo SH, Ma J, Lee TW, Sun JY. Aromatic nonpolar organogels for efficient and stable perovskite green emitters. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4638. [PMID: 32934209 PMCID: PMC7493929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing gels are mostly polar, whose nature limits their role in soft devices. The intermolecular interactions of nonpolar polymer-liquid system are typically weak, which makes the gel brittle. Here we report highly soft and transparent nonpolar organogels. Even though their elements are only carbon and hydrogen, their elastic modulus, transparency, and stretchability are comparable to common soft hydrogels. A key strategy is introducing aromatic interaction into the polymer-solvent system, resulting in a high swelling ratio that enables efficient plasticization of the polymer networks. As a proof of applicability, soft perovskite nanocomposites are synthesized, where the nonpolar environment of organogels enables stable formation and preservation of highly concentrated perovskite nanocrystals, showing high photoluminescence efficiency (~99.8%) after water-exposure and environmental stabilities against air, water, acid, base, heat, light, and mechanical deformation. Their superb properties enable the demonstration of soft electroluminescent devices that stably emit bright and pure green light under diverse deformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Man Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Huanyu Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeon Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Engineering Research, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nano Systems Institute (NSI), BK21 PLUS SNU Materials Division for Educating Creative Global Leaders, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Zhou H, Park J, Lee Y, Park JM, Kim JH, Kim JS, Lee HD, Jo SH, Cai X, Li L, Sheng X, Yun HJ, Park JW, Sun JY, Lee TW. Water Passivation of Perovskite Nanocrystals Enables Air-Stable Intrinsically Stretchable Color-Conversion Layers for Stretchable Displays. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e2001989. [PMID: 32715525 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conventional organic light-emitting devices without an encapsulation layer are susceptible to degradation when exposed to air, so realization of air-stable intrinsically-stretchable display is a great challenge because the protection of the devices against penetration of moisture and oxygen is even more difficult under stretching. An air-stable intrinsically-stretchable display that is composed of an intrinsically-stretchable electroluminescent device (SELD) integrated with a stretchable color-conversion layer (SCCL) that contains perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) is proposed. PeNCs normally decay when exposed to air, but they become resistant to this decay when dispersed in a stretchable elastomer matrix; this change is a result of a compatibility between capping ligands and the elastomer matrix. Counterintuitively, the moisture can efficiently passivate surface defects of PeNCs, to yield significant increases in both photoluminescence intensity and lifetime. A display that can be stretched up to 180% is demonstrated; it is composed of an air-stable SCCL that down-converts the SELD's blue emission and reemits it as green. The work elucidates the basis of moisture-assisted surface passivation of PeNCs and provides a promising strategy to improve the quantum efficiency of PeNCs with the aid of moisture, which allows PeNCs to be applied for air-stable stretchable displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongjun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Man Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Dong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeon Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Xue Cai
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lizhu Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hyung Joong Yun
- Advanced Nano Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nano Systems Institute (NSI), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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12
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Bae JM, Lee HH, Lee BI, Lee KM, Eun SH, Cho ML, Kim JS, Park JM, Cho YS, Lee IS, Kim SW, Choi H, Choi MG. Incidence of psoriasiform diseases secondary to tumour necrosis factor antagonists in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 48:196-205. [PMID: 29869804 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are increasing reports of paradoxical psoriasiform diseases secondary to anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents. AIMS To determine the risks of paradoxical psoriasiform diseases secondary to anti-TNF agents in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS A nationwide population study was performed using the Korea National Health Insurance Claim Data. A total of 50 502 patients with IBD were identified between 2007 and 2016. We compared 5428 patients who were treated with any anti-TNF agent for more than 6 months (anti-TNF group) and 10 856 matched controls who had never taken anti-TNF agents (control group). RESULTS Incidence of psoriasis was significantly higher in the anti-TNF group (36.8 per 10 000 person-years) compared to the control group (14.5 per 10 000 person-years) (hazard ratio [HR] 2.357, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.668-3.331). Palmoplantar pustulosis (HR 9.355, 95% CI 2.754-31.780) and psoriatic arthritis (HR 2.926, 95% CI 1.640-5.218) also showed higher risks in the anti-TNF group. In subgroup analyses, HRs for psoriasis by IBD subtype were 2.549 (95% CI 1.658-3.920) in Crohn's disease and 2.105 (95% CI 1.155-3.836) in ulcerative colitis. Interestingly, men and younger (10-39 years) patients have significantly higher risks of palmoplantar pustulosis (HR 19.682 [95% CI 3.867-100.169] and HR 14.318 [95% CI 2.915-70.315], respectively), whereas women and older (≥40 years) patients showed similar rates between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The risks of psoriasiform diseases are increased by anti-TNF agents in patients with IBD. Among psoriasiform diseases, the risk of palmoplantar pustulosis shows the biggest increase particularly in male and younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Bae
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H H Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - B-I Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-M Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Eun
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - M-L Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - J M Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-S Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - I S Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - M-G Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Al-Masni MA, Al-Antari MA, Park JM, Gi G, Kim TY, Rivera P, Valarezo E, Han SM, Kim TS. Detection and classification of the breast abnormalities in digital mammograms via regional Convolutional Neural Network. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018; 2017:1230-1233. [PMID: 29060098 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Automatic detection and classification of the masses in mammograms are still a big challenge and play a crucial role to assist radiologists for accurate diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a novel computer-aided diagnose (CAD) system based on one of the regional deep learning techniques: a ROI-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) which is called You Only Look Once (YOLO). Our proposed YOLO-based CAD system contains four main stages: mammograms preprocessing, feature extraction utilizing multi convolutional deep layers, mass detection with confidence model, and finally mass classification using fully connected neural network (FC-NN). A set of training mammograms with the information of ROI masses and their types are used to train YOLO. The trained YOLO-based CAD system detects the masses and classifies their types into benign or malignant. Our results show that the proposed YOLO-based CAD system detects the mass location with an overall accuracy of 96.33%. The system also distinguishes between benign and malignant lesions with an overall accuracy of 85.52%. Our proposed system seems to be feasible as a CAD system capable of detection and classification at the same time. It also overcomes some challenging breast cancer cases such as the mass existing in the pectoral muscles or dense regions.
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14
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Abstract
A visible bremsstrahlung detector array diagnostic system has been developed on the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) to view the whole minor radius in a narrow region of the continuum free of spectral lines. The interference filters coupled with photomultiplier tubes have been employed to determine the effective charge Zeff by using visible bremsstrahlung data during neutral beam injection in the KSTAR plasma. The Zeff profiles are typically flat for L-mode plasmas and evolve to hollow profiles during the H mode in the KSTAR. A comparison of the visible bremsstrahlung emission based on the calculated Zeff profiles is consistent with measured values of Zeff from a visible spectrometer in the core plasma. The electron temperature is measured by X-ray imaging crystal spectrometry, and electron density needed for the analysis is taken by the assumption of parabolic profiles of these parameters. The line of sight averaged local bremsstrahlung emissivity is determined with low uncertainty, and the radial emissivity is obtained by using the Abel inversion technique. In addition, a dependence of effective charge Zeff on the line-averaged electron density is evaluated, and Zeff is also determined to observe the effect of boronization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sarwar
- Institute of Space Technology, P.O. Box 2750, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - H K Na
- National Fusion Research Institute, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-333, South Korea
| | - J M Park
- National Fusion Research Institute, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-333, South Korea
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15
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Moon SK, Kim DK, Park JM, Min J, Song H. Development of a semi-continuous two-stage simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process for enhanced 2,3-butanediol production by Klebsiella oxytoca. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 66:300-305. [PMID: 29315769 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella oxytoca naturally produces a large amount of 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD), a promising chemical with wide industrial applications, along with various by-products. Previously, we have developed a metabolically engineered K. oxytoca ΔldhA ΔpflB strain to reduce the formation of by-products. To improve 2,3-BD productivity and examine the stability of K. oxytoca ΔldhA ΔpflB strain for industrial application, a semi-continuous two-stage simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (STSSF) process was developed. The STSSF with the K. oxytoca ΔldhA ΔpflB mutant using cassava as a carbon source could produce 108 ± 3·73 g(2,3-BD) l-1 with a yield of 0·45 g(2,3-BD) g(glucose)-1 and a productivity of 3·00 g(2,3-BD) l-1 h-1 . No apparent changes in the final titre, yield and productivity of 2,3-BD were observed for up to 20 cycles of STSSF. Also, microbial contamination and spontaneous mutation of the host strain with potential detrimental effects on fermentation efficiency did not occur during the whole fermentation period. These results strongly underpin that the K. oxytoca ΔldhA ΔpflB mutant is stable and that the STSSF process is commercially exploitable. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY There is growing interest in the production of 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) from renewable resources by microbial fermentation because of its wide applications to specialty and commodity chemical industries. Klebsiella oxytoca usually produces 2,3-BD as a major end product during the fermentation of carbohydrates. This is the first study to provide a high-efficiency simultaneous saccharification and 2,3-BD fermentation process. Also, this study proves the stability of a metabolically engineered 2,3-BD overproducing K. oxytoca strain for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-K Moon
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.,Changhae Advanced Institute of Technology, Changhae Ethanol Co., Ltd., Jeonju, Korea
| | - D-K Kim
- Research and Development Center, GS Caltex Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J M Park
- Research and Development Center, GS Caltex Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Min
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - H Song
- Research and Development Center, GS Caltex Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
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16
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Shin HJ, Park JM, Kim KH, Shin DW, Park JS, Roh JY, Kim H. Comparison of the Analgesic Effect of an Ice Cube versus 4% Lidocaine Cream in Intradermal Antibiotic Skin Testing. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791201900505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was performed to compare the analgesic effect of an ice cube with that of 4% lidocaine cream (L.M.X.4®) for intradermal skin testing. Methods In this prospective randomised study, healthy adult volunteers were divided into ice cube and lidocaine analgesic pretreatment groups. Randomisation was performed using a randomisation table in blocks of four. Intradermal skin testing was performed after applying ice in the ice cube group and 5 mg of lidocaine cream in the lidocaine group. After the intradermal skin test, the pain intensity was investigated using the visual analog scale (VAS) on questionnaires. We calculated that a minimum of 24 subjects were required for statistical power of 80% at a significance level of 0.05 (two-sided). The groups' VAS scores were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results The study population consisted of 35 volunteers: 17 in the ice cube group and 18 in the lidocaine group. There were no differences in demographic characteristics between the two groups. The median VAS score was 20 (interquartile range: 0-35) in the ice cube group and 70 (interquartile range: 50-80) in the lidocaine group (p<0.001). Conclusions The results suggested the utility of an ice cube as analgesic pretreatment for intradermal skin testing in the emergency department.
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17
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Nevatte RJ, Wueringer BE, Jacob DE, Park JM, Williamson JE. First insights into the function of the sawshark rostrum through examination of rostral tooth microwear. J Fish Biol 2017; 91:1582-1602. [PMID: 29034467 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Potential roles of the rostrum of sawsharks (Pristiophoridae), including predation and self-defence, were assessed through a variety of inferential methods. Comparison of microwear on the surface of the rostral teeth of sawsharks and sawfishes (Pristidae) show that microwear patterns are alike and suggest that the elongate rostra in these two elasmobranch families are used for a similar purpose (predation). Raman spectroscopy indicates that the rostral teeth of both sawsharks and sawfishes are composed of hydroxyapatite, but differ in their collagen content. Sawfishes possess collagen throughout their rostral teeth whereas collagen is present only in the centre of the rostral teeth of sawsharks, which may relate to differences in ecological use. The ratio of rostrum length to total length in the common sawshark Pristiophorus cirratus was found to be similar to the largetooth sawfish Pristis pristis but not the knifetooth sawfish Anoxypristis cuspidata. Analysis of the stomach contents of P. cirratus indicates that the diet consists of demersal fishes and crustaceans, with shrimp from the family Pandalidae being the most important dietary component. No prey item showed evidence of wounds inflicted by the rostral teeth. In light of the similarities in microwear patterns, rostral tooth chemistry and diet with sawfishes, it is hypothesised that sawsharks use their rostrum in a similar manner for predation (sensing and capturing prey) and possibly for self-defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Nevatte
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - B E Wueringer
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, P. O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
- Sharks and Rays Australia, P. O. Box 575, Bungalow, Queensland, 4870, Australia
| | - D E Jacob
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - J M Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - J E Williamson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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18
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Al-Antari MA, Al-Masni MA, Metwally M, Hussain D, Valarezo E, Rivera P, Gi G, Park JM, Kim TY, Park SJ, Shin JS, Han SM, Kim TS. Non-local means filter denoising for DEXA images. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2017:572-575. [PMID: 29059937 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8036889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dual high and low energy images of Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) suffer from noises due to the use of weak amount of X-rays. Denoising these DEXA images could be a key process to enhance and improve a Bone Mineral Density (BMD) map which is derived from a pair of high and low energy images. This could further improve the accuracy of diagnosis of bone fractures, osteoporosis, and etc. In this paper, we present a denoising technique for dual high and low energy images of DEXA via non-local means filter (NLMF). The noise of dual DEXA images is modeled based on both source and detector noises of a DEXA system. Then, the parameters of the proposed NLMF are optimized for denoising utilizing the experimental data from uniform phantoms. The optimized NLMF is tested and verified with the DEXA images of the uniform phantoms and real human spine. The quantitative evaluation shows the improvement of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for the high and low phantom images on the order of 30.36% and 27.02% and for the high and low real spine images on the order of 22.28% and 33.43%, respectively. Our work suggests that denoising via NLMF could be a key preprocessing process for clinical DEXA imaging.
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19
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Lee YC, Kwon OE, Park JM, Eun YG. Do laryngoscopic findings reflect the characteristics of reflux in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux? Clin Otolaryngol 2017; 43:137-143. [PMID: 28605121 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the association between 24-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (24-h MII-pH) parameters and each item of the reflux finding score (RFS) to determine whether the laryngoscopic findings of the RFS could reflect the characteristics of reflux in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTINGS Tertiary care referral medical centre. PARTICIPANTS Patients complaining of LPR symptoms were evaluated via a 24-hour MII-pH. Among them, 99 patients whose LPR was confirmed via 24-hour MII-pH were enrolled in this study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Correlations between RFS ratings and 24-hour MII-pH parameters were evaluated and compared between patients with or without each laryngoscopic finding used in the RFS. RESULTS Subglottic oedema had a statistically significant positive correlation with number of non-acid LPR and non-acid full column reflux events. Ventricular obliteration and posterior commissure hypertrophy showed a significant correlation with non-acid exposure time and total reflux exposure time. We also found a significant correlation between granuloma/granulation score and number of acid LPR events. The numbers of non-acid LPR and full column reflux events in patients with subglottic oedema were significantly higher than those without subglottic oedema. CONCLUSION Among the laryngoscopic findings used in the RFS, subglottic oedema is specific for non-acid reflux episodes, and granuloma/granulation is specific for acid reflux episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - O E Kwon
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J M Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y G Eun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JT, Hong SH, Park HJ, Kim YS, Suh JY, Lee JK, Park JM, Maity T, Eckert J, Kim KB. Deformation mechanisms to ameliorate the mechanical properties of novel TRIP/TWIP Co-Cr-Mo-(Cu) ultrafine eutectic alloys. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39959. [PMID: 28067248 PMCID: PMC5220307 DOI: 10.1038/srep39959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the microstructural evolution and the modulation of the mechanical properties have been investigated for a Co-Cr-Mo (CCM) ternary eutectic alloy by addition of a small amount of copper (0.5 and 1 at.%). The microstructural observations reveal a distinct dissimilarity in the eutectic structure such as a broken lamellar structure and a well-aligned lamellar structure and an increasing volume fraction of Co lamellae as increasing amount of copper addition. This microstructural evolution leads to improved plasticity from 1% to 10% without the typical tradeoff between the overall strength and compressive plasticity. Moreover, investigation of the fractured samples indicates that the CCMCu alloy exhibits higher plastic deformability and combinatorial mechanisms for improved plastic behavior. The improved plasticity of CCMCu alloys originates from several deformation mechanisms; i) slip, ii) deformation twinning, iii) strain-induced transformation and iv) shear banding. These results reveal that the mechanical properties of eutectic alloys in the Co-Cr-Mo system can be ameliorated by micro-alloying such as Cu addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Kim
- Hybrid Materials Center (HMC), Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neugdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Hong
- Hybrid Materials Center (HMC), Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neugdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Park
- Hybrid Materials Center (HMC), Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neugdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Hybrid Materials Center (HMC), Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neugdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Suh
- High Temperature Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 330-717, Republic of Korea
| | - J M Park
- Global Technology Center, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, 129 Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 443-742, Republic of Korea
| | - T Maity
- Department Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - J Eckert
- Department Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.,Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - K B Kim
- Hybrid Materials Center (HMC), Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neugdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
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Chang HK, Kim SY, Kim JI, Kim SI, Whang JK, Choi JY, Park JM, Jung ES, Rha SE, Kim DG, Moon IS, Lee MD. Ten-Year Experience With Bowel Transplantation at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:473-8. [PMID: 27109981 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective review of intestinal transplantation (ITx) at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital was made by collecting clinical data over the past 10 years. Fifteen consecutive cases from 2004 were analyzed. Five children and 10 adults (6 months to 69 years of age) were included. Primary diseases in adults included 4 mesenteric vessel thromboses, 2 strangulations, and 1 each of visceral myopathy, malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), mesenteric lymphangiectasis, and injury. Pediatric cases involved 2 Hirschsprung disease, 2 visceral myopathy, and 1 necrotizing enterocolitis. Three of 7 stomas were closed using a serial transverse enteroplasty procedure before transplantation. The ITx were performed using 3 living-donor Itx, 12 deceased-donor ITx, 14 isolated Itx, and 1 modified multivisceral transplantation. Daclizumab, basiliximab, alemtusumab, or basiliximab with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) was used for the induction; tacrolimus monotherapy was used as the basic maintenance immunosuppressant; and m-TOR inhibitor was used for renal dysfunction patients. Seven cases of acute cellular rejection were treated with rATG. Three cases of antibody-mediated rejection were treated with rituximab alone or with rituximab and bortezomib combination. There were 4 cases of early mortality within 6 months after Itx. Causes of death were declamping shock, cardiac tamponade with acute cellular rejection, dysmotility, and sepsis. Surgical complications consisted of 1 feeding jejunostomy displacement, and a minor leakage at a colo-colostomy site. One-year survival of the patient and graft was 73.33% (Kaplan-Meier survival curve). Although the total number of ITx is small, its social impact has been remarkable in changing the related laws and reimbursement policy in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Chang
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J I Kim
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S I Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Whang
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, Daejeon, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J M Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - E S Jung
- Department of Pathology, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S E Rha
- Department of Radiology, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - D G Kim
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - I S Moon
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - M D Lee
- Department of Surgery, Intestinal Transplantation and Rehabilitation Unit, Organ Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Early CR, Park JM, Dorsch MP, Pogue KT, Hanigan SM. Effect of metronidazole use on tacrolimus concentrations in transplant patients treated for Clostridium difficile. Transpl Infect Dis 2016; 18:714-720. [PMID: 27501504 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two case reports suggest that metronidazole treatment for Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) increases tacrolimus (TAC) trough levels. The primary objective of this study was to determine the clinical significance of this potential interaction in transplant patients receiving CDI treatment. Currently, no robust literature exists to estimate a magnitude of pharmacokinetic interaction between metronidazole and TAC. METHODS In this retrospective study, the effects of CDI and metronidazole treatment on TAC levels in 52 adult solid organ transplant patients were investigated. The primary outcome was to determine the difference in dose-normalized TAC levels between baseline and symptom resolution in patients treated with metronidazole or vancomycin. The secondary outcome was to determine the difference in dose-normalized TAC levels at baseline and CDI diagnosis. RESULTS The average change in log-transformed dose-normalized TAC levels from baseline to symptom resolution was 0.99 for metronidazole (n = 35) and 1.04 for vancomycin (n = 17) treatment. The mean difference between the groups was 0.96 (95% confidence interval: 0.74-1.24). No significant difference was found between dose-normalized TAC levels at CDI diagnosis and baseline (P = 0.37). CONCLUSION CDI treatment with metronidazole was not associated with a >30% increase in TAC levels compared with vancomycin. Both treatment groups required TAC dose adjustments to maintain goal TAC levels and those treated with metronidazole did not require a significantly greater dose adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Early
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J M Park
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - M P Dorsch
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - K T Pogue
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - S M Hanigan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Kim JS, Lee YH, Kim YI, Ahmadi F, Oh YK, Park JM, Kwak WS. Effect of microbial inoculant or molasses on fermentative quality and aerobic stability of sawdust-based spent mushroom substrate. Bioresour Technol 2016; 216:188-195. [PMID: 27240234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the first experiment, the effect of two novel Lactobacillus plantarum strains was studied on the fermentation of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) through 10d of ensiling. Based on lactic acid production and lactic acid bacteria population, L. plantarum KU5 was identified as the best strain for fermentation with a 5-L bag silo. Spent mushroom substrate was ensiled with 0.5% (v/w) L. plantarum KU5 without or with 5% molasses. Silages treated with microbial inoculant and molasses had the lowest pH and the highest fermentative odors. In a second set of experiments similar to the above 5-L silo study, the simultaneous application of L. plantarum KU5 inoculant and molasses to 80-L silos improved fermentability and aerobic stability of SMS silages. For similar treatment using ton-bag silos, aerobic stability decreased and NH3-N content increased dramatically. In conclusion, sawdust-based SMS for animal use was successfully ensiled with L. plantarum KU5 inoculant and molasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Kim
- Division of Food Bio-science, College of Medical Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chung-Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Division of Food Bio-science, College of Medical Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chung-Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Y I Kim
- Egreen Co. LTD, Icheon, Gyeong-Gi, Republic of Korea
| | - F Ahmadi
- Division of Food Bio-science, College of Medical Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chung-Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Y K Oh
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju, Jeon-Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - J M Park
- Egreen Co. LTD, Icheon, Gyeong-Gi, Republic of Korea
| | - W S Kwak
- Division of Food Bio-science, College of Medical Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chung-Buk, Republic of Korea.
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Park JM, Kim HI, Han SU, Yang HK, Kim YW, Lee HJ, An JY, Kim MC, Park S, Song KY, Oh SJ, Kong SH, Suh BJ, Yang DH, Ha TK, Hyung WJ, Ryu KW. Who may benefit from robotic gastrectomy?: A subgroup analysis of multicenter prospective comparative study data on robotic versus laparoscopic gastrectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016; 42:1944-1949. [PMID: 27514719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer has been proven to be a feasible and safe minimally invasive procedure. However, our previous multicenter prospective study indicated that robotic gastrectomy is not superior to laparoscopic gastrectomy. This study aimed to identify which subgroups of patients would benefit from robotic gastrectomy rather than from conventional laparoscopic gastrectomy. METHODS A prospective multicenter comparative study comparing laparoscopic and robotic gastrectomy was previously conducted. We divided the patients into subgroups according to obesity, type of gastrectomy performed, and extent of lymph node dissection. Surgical outcomes were compared between the robotic and laparoscopic groups in each subgroup. RESULTS A total of 434 patients were enrolled into the robotic (n = 223) and laparoscopic (n = 211) surgery groups. According to obesity and gastrectomy type, there was no difference in the estimated blood loss (EBL), number of retrieved lymph nodes, complication rate, open conversion rate, and the length of hospital stay between the robotic and laparoscopic groups. According to the extent of lymph node dissection, the robotic group showed a significantly lower EBL than did the laparoscopic group after D2 dissection (P = 0.021), while there was no difference in EBL in patients that did not undergo D2 dissection (P = 0.365). CONCLUSION Patients with gastric cancer undergoing D2 lymph node dissection can benefit from less blood loss when a robotic surgery system is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Park
- Department of Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H I Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S U Han
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University College of Medicine, Gyeonggido, South Korea
| | - H K Yang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y W Kim
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggido, South Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y An
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M C Kim
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - S Park
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K Y Song
- Department of Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Oh
- Department of Surgery, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - S H Kong
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B J Suh
- Department of Surgery, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - D H Yang
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - T K Ha
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - W J Hyung
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K W Ryu
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggido, South Korea.
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Kwon H, Kim KS, Chun YM, Wu HG, Carlson JNK, Park JM, Kim JI. Evaluation of a commercial orthopaedic metal artefact reduction tool in radiation therapy of patients with head and neck cancer. Br J Radiol 2015; 88:20140536. [PMID: 25993487 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the image quality and dosimetric effects of the Philips orthopaedic metal artefact reduction (OMAR) (Philips Healthcare System, Cleveland, OH) function for reducing metal artefacts on CT images of head and neck (H&N) patients. METHODS 11 patients and a custom-built phantom with metal bead inserts (alumina, titanium, zirconia and chrome) were scanned. The image was reconstructed in two ways: with and without OMAR (OMAR and non-OMAR image). The mean and standard deviation values of CT Hounsfield unit (HU) for selected regions of interest of each case were investigated for both images. Volumetric modulated arc therapy plans were generated for all cases. Gamma analysis of each dose distribution pair in the patient (1%/1 mm criteria) and phantom (2%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm criteria) images was performed. The film measurements in phantom for two metal beads were conducted for evaluating the calculated dose on both OMAR and non-OMAR images. RESULTS In the OMAR images, noise values were generally reduced, and the mean HU became closer to the reference value (measured from patients without metal implants) in both patient and phantom cases. Although dosimetric difference was insignificant for the eight closed-mouth patients (γ = 99.4 ± 0.5%), there was a large discrepancy in dosimetric calculation between OMAR and non-OMAR images for the three opened-mouth patients (γ = 91.1%, 94.8% and 96.6%). Moreover, the calculated dose on the OMAR image is closer to the real delivered dose on a radiochromic film than was the dose from the non-OMAR image. CONCLUSION The OMAR algorithm increases the accuracy of CT HU and reduces the noise such that the entire radiation treatment planning process can be improved, especially for contouring and segmentation. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE OMAR reconstruction is appropriate for the radiotherapy planning process of H&N patients, particularly of patients who use a bite block.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kwon
- 1 Interdisciplinary Program in Radiation Applied Life Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,3 Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Kim
- 4 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,5 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Chun
- 6 Philips Healthcare Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-G Wu
- 3 Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,4 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,5 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J N K Carlson
- 2 Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,3 Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,7 Program in Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Seoul National University Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - J M Park
- 1 Interdisciplinary Program in Radiation Applied Life Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,3 Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,8 Center for Convergence Research on Robotics, Advance Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - J-I Kim
- 1 Interdisciplinary Program in Radiation Applied Life Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,3 Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,8 Center for Convergence Research on Robotics, Advance Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- D Shin
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Y Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J M Park
- Yonsei Mobelle Dermatologic and Hair transplantation Center, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine a new metric utilizing multileaf collimator (MLC) speeds and accelerations to predict plan delivery accuracy of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). METHODS To verify VMAT delivery accuracy, gamma evaluations, analysis of mechanical parameter difference between plans and log files, and analysis of changes in dose-volumetric parameters between plans and plans reconstructed with log files were performed with 40 VMAT plans. The average proportion of leaf speeds ranging from l to h cm s(-1) (Sl-h and l-h = 0-0.4, 0.4-0.8, 0.8-1.2, 1.2-1.6 and 1.6-2.0), mean and standard deviation of MLC speeds were calculated for each VMAT plan. The same was carried out for accelerations in centimetre per second squared (Al-h and l-h = 0-4, 4-8, 8-12, 12-16 and 16-20). The correlations of those indicators to plan delivery accuracy were analysed with Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs). RESULTS The S1.2-1.6 and mean acceleration of MLCs showed generally higher correlations to plan delivery accuracy than did others. The highest rs values were observed between S1.2-1.6 and global 1%/2 mm (rs = -0.698 with p < 0.001) as well as mean acceleration and global 1%/2 mm (rs = -0.650 with p < 0.001). As the proportion of MLC speeds and accelerations >0.4 and 4 cm s(-2) increased, the plan delivery accuracy of VMAT decreased. CONCLUSION The variations in MLC speeds and accelerations showed considerable correlations to VMAT delivery accuracy. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE As the MLC speeds and accelerations increased, VMAT delivery accuracy reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Park
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park JM, Radhakrishnan R, Kang SM, Lee IJ. IAA Producing Enterobacter sp. I-3 as a Potent Bio-herbicide Candidate for Weed Control: A Special Reference with Lettuce Growth Inhibition. Indian J Microbiol 2015; 55:207-212. [PMID: 25805908 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-015-0515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of bio-herbicides is an emerging method to weed management in agricultural field. Very few studies were conducted on identification of microbial bio-herbicides to weed control. The present study was aimed to isolate and identify the effective bio-herbicide potential bacterium from soil and assess their role on plant growth inhibition. Three-hundred and one rhizobacteria were isolated from agriculture field soil samples collected from various parts of Republic of Korea. Two bacterial strains, I-4-5 and I-3 were significantly reduced the seedling growth of radish when compared to their controls. The highest rate of seedling growth inhibition was observed in I-3 bacterial isolate treatment in lettuce and radish. The mechanism of an effective bio-herbicide I-3 to plant growth inhibition was determined by analyzing IAA in their culture medium. IAA biosynthesis pathway of Enterobacter sp. I-3 was identified as tryptophan-dependent pathway and its production was increased due to addition of tryptophan in culture medium as quantified by using GC-MS SIM. In an in vitro study revealed that I-3 bacterial culture exudate combined with tryptophan significantly decreased leaf length, leaf width, root length and increased the number of lateral roots of lettuce. Indeed, the genomic DNA of I-3 bacterium was isolated and 16S rDNA was sequenced to find out the name of the bacterium. Based on phylogenetic analysis, I-3 isolate was identified and named into Enterobacter sp. I-3. The results of this study suggest that the utilization of Enterobacter sp. I-3 to crop field can be act as a potential bio-herbicide against weed growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Man Park
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sang-Mo Kang
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
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Kim YI, Park JM, Lee YH, Lee M, Choi DY, Kwak WS. Effect of By-product Feed-based Silage Feeding on the Performance, Blood Metabolites, and Carcass Characteristics of Hanwoo Steers (a Field Study). Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:180-7. [PMID: 25557813 PMCID: PMC4283162 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of feeding by-product feed (BF)-based silage on the performance, blood metabolite parameters, and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. The BF-based silage was composed of 50% spent mushroom substrate, 21% recycled poultry bedding, 15% cut ryegrass straw, 10.8% rice bran, 2% molasses, 0.6% bentonite, and 0.6% microbial additive (on a wet basis), and ensiled for over 5 d. Fifteen steers were allocated to three diets during the growing and fattening periods (3.1 and 9.8 months, respectively): a control diet (concentrate mix and free access to rice straw), a 50% BF-based silage diet (control diet+50% of maximum BF-based silage intake), and a 100% BF-based silage diet (the same amount of concentrate mix and ad libitum BF-based silage). The BF-based silage was fed during the growing and fattening periods, and was replaced with larger particles of rice straw during the finishing period. After 19.6 months of the whole period all the steers were slaughtered. Compared with feeding rice straw, feeding BF-based silage tended (p = 0.10) to increase the average daily gain (27%) and feed efficiency (18%) of the growing steers, caused by increased voluntary feed intake. Feeding BF-based silage had little effect on serum constituents, electrolytes, enzymes, or the blood cell profiles of fattening steers, except for low serum Ca and high blood urea concentrations (p<0.05). Feeding BF-based silage did not affect cold carcass weight, yield traits such as back fat thickness, longissimus muscle area, yield index or yield grade, or quality traits such as meat color, fat color, texture, maturity, marbling score, or quality grade. However, it improved good quality grade (1+ and 1++) appearance rates (60% for the control group vs 100% for the BF-based silage-fed groups). In conclusion, cheap BF-based silage could be successfully used as a good quality roughage source for beef cattle.
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Kang SM, Radhakrishnan R, Khan AL, Kim MJ, Park JM, Kim BR, Shin DH, Lee IJ. Gibberellin secreting rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas putida H-2-3 modulates the hormonal and stress physiology of soybean to improve the plant growth under saline and drought conditions. Plant Physiol Biochem 2014; 84:115-124. [PMID: 25270162 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The physiological changes in tolerant soybean plants under salt and drought stress conditions with Pseudomonas putida H-2-3 were investigated. A bacterial isolate H-2-3 was isolated from soil and identified as Pseudomonas putida H-2-3 by 16S rDNA sequences. The treatment of P. putida H-2-3 significantly increased the length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and chlorophyll content in gibberellins (GAs) deficient mutant Waito-c rice seedlings over the control, it might be the presence of GA1, GA4, GA9 and GA20. The soybean plant growth was retarded in salt (120 mM sodium chloride) and drought (15% polyethylene glycol) stress conditions at 10 days treatments, while P. putida H-2-3 effectively enhanced the shoot length and fresh weight of plants suffered at salt and drought stress. The chlorophyll content was lower in abiotic stress conditions and bacterial inoculant P. putida H-2-3 mitigated the stress effects by an evidence of higher quantity of chlorophyll content in plants exposed to salt and drought. The stress hormonal analysis revealed that individual treatment of P. putida H-2-3, salt and drought significantly enhanced the abscisic acid and salicylic acid content than their control. P. putida H-2-3 applied to salt and drought stressed plants showed a lower level of abscisic acid and salicylic acid and a higher level of jasmonic acid content. Under stress condition induced by salt and drought in plants expressed higher level of total polyphenol, superoxide dismutase and radical scavenging activity and no significant changes in flavonoids. The bio-inoculant, P. putida H-2-3 modulated those antioxidants by declining superoxide dismutase, flavonoids and radical scavenging activity. P. putida H-2-3 induced tolerance against abiotic stress was confirmed by a reduction of Na content in abiotic stressed plants. The results suggest that P. putida H-2-3 application reprograms the chlorophyll, stress hormones and antioxidants expression in abiotic stress affected soybean plant and improves their growth under stress environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Mo Kang
- School of Plant Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- School of Plant Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Man Park
- School of Plant Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ra Kim
- School of Plant Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Shin
- School of Plant Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Plant Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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Park JM, Park SY, Ye SJ, Kim JH, Carlson J, Wu HG. New conformity indices based on the calculation of distances between the target volume and the volume of reference isodose. Br J Radiol 2014; 87:20140342. [PMID: 25225915 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present conformity indices (CIs) based on the distance differences between the target volume (TV) and the volume of reference isodose (VRI). METHODS The points on the three-dimensional surfaces of the TV and the VRI were generated. Then, the averaged distances between the points on the TV and the VRI were calculated (CIdistance). The performance of the presented CIs were evaluated by analysing six situations, which were a perfect match, an expansion and a reduction of the distance from the centroid to the VRI compared with the distance from the centroid to the TV by 10%, a lateral shift of the VRI by 3 cm, a rotation of the VRI by 45° and a spherical-shaped VRI having the same volume as the TV. The presented CIs were applied to the clinical prostate and head and neck (H&N) plans. RESULTS For the perfect match, CIdistance was 0 with 0 as the standard deviation (SD). When expanding and reducing, CIdistance was 10 and -10 with SDs <1.3, respectively. With shifting and rotating of the VRI, the CIdistance was almost 0 with SDs >11. The average value of the CIdistance in the prostate and H&N plans was 0.13 ± 7.44 and 6.04 ± 23.27, respectively. CONCLUSION The performance of the CIdistance was equal or better than those of the conventional CIs. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE The evaluation of target conformity by the distances between the surface of the TV and the VRI could be more accurate than evaluation with volume information.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Park
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an applicator for in vivo measurements of lens dose during radiotherapy. METHODS A contact lens-shaped applicator made of acrylic was developed for in vivo measurements of lens dose. This lens applicator allows the insertion of commercially available metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) dosemeters. CT images of an anthropomorphic phantom with and without the applicator were acquired. Ten volumetric modulated arc therapy plans each for the brain and the head and neck cancer were generated and delivered to an anthropomorphic phantom. The differences between the measured and the calculated doses at the lens applicator, as well as the differences between the measured and the calculated doses at the surface of the eyelid were acquired. RESULTS The average difference between the measured and the calculated doses with the applicator was 3.1 ± 1.8 cGy with a micro MOSFET and 2.8 ± 1.3 cGy with a standard MOSFET. The average difference without the lens applicator was 4.8 ± 5.2 cGy with the micro MOSFET and 5.7 ± 6.5 cGy with the standard MOSFET. The maximum difference with the micro MOSFET was 10.5 cGy with the applicator and 21.1 cGy without the applicator. For the standard MOSFET, it was 6.8 cGy with the applicator and 27.6 cGy without the applicator. CONCLUSION The lens applicator allowed reduction of the differences between the calculated and the measured doses during in vivo measurement for the lens compared with in vivo measurement at the surface of the eyelid. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE By using an applicator for in vivo dosimetry of the eye lens, it was possible to reduce the measurement uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Park
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Baeg MK, Park JM, Ko SH, Min GJ, Lee KJ, Yang JH, Lim CH, Kim SW, Choi MG. Seizures due to hyponatremia following polyethylene glycol preparation; a report of two cases. Endoscopy 2014; 45 Suppl 2 UCTN:E269-70. [PMID: 24008460 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1344568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M K Baeg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Cyr AR, Kulak MV, Park JM, Bogachek MV, Spanheimer PM, Woodfield GW, White-Baer LS, O'Malley YQ, Sugg SL, Olivier AK, Zhang W, Domann FE, Weigel RJ. TFAP2C governs the luminal epithelial phenotype in mammary development and carcinogenesis. Oncogene 2014; 34:436-44. [PMID: 24469049 PMCID: PMC4112181 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular subtypes of breast cancer are characterized by distinct patterns of gene expression that are predictive of outcome and response to therapy. The luminal breast cancer subtypes are defined by the expression of ER-alpha (ERα)-associated genes, many of which are directly responsive to the Transcription Factor Activator Protein 2C (TFAP2C). TFAP2C participates in a gene regulatory network controlling cell growth and differentiation during ectodermal development and regulating ESR1/ERα and other luminal cell-associated genes in breast cancer. TFAP2C has been established as a prognostic factor in human breast cancer, however, its role in the establishment and maintenance of the luminal cell phenotype during carcinogenesis and mammary gland development have remained elusive. Herein, we demonstrate a critical role for TFAP2C in maintaining the luminal phenotype in human breast cancer and in influencing the luminal cell phenotype during normal mammary development. Knockdown of TFAP2C in luminal breast carcinoma cells induced EMT with morphological and phenotypic changes characterized by a loss of luminal-associated gene expression and a concomitant gain of basal-associated gene expression. Conditional knockout of the mouse homolog of TFAP2C, Tcfap2c, in mouse mammary epithelium driven by MMTV-Cre promoted aberrant growth of the mammary tree leading to a reduction in the CD24hi/CD49fmid luminal cell population and concomitant gain of the CD24mid/CD49fhi basal cell population at maturity. Our results establish TFAP2C as a key transcriptional regulator for maintaining the luminal phenotype in human breast carcinoma. Furthermore, Tcfap2c influences development of the luminal cell type during mammary development. The data suggest that TFAP2C plays an important role in regulated luminal specific genes and may be a viable therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Cyr
- 1] Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA [2] Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M V Kulak
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J M Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M V Bogachek
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - P M Spanheimer
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - G W Woodfield
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - L S White-Baer
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Y Q O'Malley
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - S L Sugg
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - A K Olivier
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - F E Domann
- 1] Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA [2] Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA [3] Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - R J Weigel
- 1] Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA [2] Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Jang HM, Park SK, Ha JH, Park JM. Combined mesophilic anaerobic and thermophilic aerobic digestion process for high-strength food wastewater to increase removal efficiency and reduce sludge discharge. Water Sci Technol 2014; 69:1768-1774. [PMID: 24759540 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a process that combines the mesophilic anaerobic digestion (MAD) process with thermophilic aerobic digestion (TAD) for high-strength food wastewater (FWW) treatment was developed to examine the removal of organic matter and methane production. All effluent discharged from the MAD process was separated into solid and liquid portions. The liquid part was discarded and the sludge part was passed to the TAD process for further degradation. Then, the digested sludge from the TAD process was recycled back to the MAD unit to achieve low sludge discharge from the combined process. The reactor combination was operated in two phases: during Phase I, 40 d of total hydraulic retention time (HRT) was applied; during Phase II, 20 d was applied. HRT of the TAD process was fixed at 5 d. For a comparison, a control process (single-stage MAD) was operated with the same HRTs of the combined process. Our results indicated that the combined process showed over 90% total solids, volatile solids and chemical oxygen demand removal efficiencies. In addition, the combined process showed a significantly higher methane production rate than that of the control process. Consequently, the experimental data demonstrated that the combined MAD-TAD process was successfully employed for high-strength FWW treatment with highly efficient organic matter reduction and methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Jang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, South Korea E-mail:
| | - S K Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - J H Ha
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, South Korea E-mail:
| | - J M Park
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
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Park S, Lee JS, Park JM, Park HS, Kim SI, Park BW. Abstract P1-08-35: Androgen receptor expression and changes in serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels in locally advanced breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-08-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: The associations between androgen receptor (AR) expression, serum dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) level and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) were investigated in locally advanced breast cancer patients who received NCT.
Methods: Between May 2008 and April 2013, a total of 346 patients underwent NCT mainly based on anthracycline with or without taxane regimens. Biomarkers including AR were immunohistochemically determined using biopsy specimens before NCT and tumors with ≥ 1% nuclear staining were considered positive for AR. Changes in serum DHEA-S levels before and after NCT were examined by chemiluminescent immunoassay (Access DHEA-S, Beckman Coulter, Inc., Brea, CA) in 205 (59.2%) patients. Pathologic complete response (pCR) was defined as the absence of residual invasive carcinomas in the surgical specimens of breast and lymph nodes. Breast cancer subtypes were categorized by immunohistochemistry of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67.
Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 49.7 years (range, 26–76). Clinical tumor size was ≥ 2cm in 243 (70.2%) patients and 318 (91.9%) showed node-positive disease at initial presentation. AR-positive tumor was determined in 195 (56.4%) patients and 95 (27.5%) achieved pCR after NCT. AR-negative tumors were significantly associated with grade III, ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-negative, high Ki-67 index, and triple-negative subtype tumors. By univariate logistic regression analysis, AR-negative tumor showed significantly higher odds ratio of 1.650 (95% CI, 1.026–2.654; p-value, 0.039) for achievement of pCR. Nevertheless, not AR status but breast cancer subtype, longer duration of NCT and use of targeted agents remained to be significant for pCR by multivariate model. In the analysis of subgroup by breast cancer subtypes, AR-negative tumor was associated with pCR in 75 patients with the low proliferative luminal A subtype, while AR-positive tumor achieved higher pCR in 59 patients with the HER2-positive luminal B subtype. In 205 patients available for serum DHEA-S levels, there was no difference in DHEA-S between pCR and non-pCR groups, although a trend of decrease in DHEA-S after NCT was noted among postmenopausal AR-positive or luminal A subtype women who achieved pCR.
Conclusions: AR expression might predict pCR in locally advanced breast cancer patients who undergo NCT, but this implication could be different according to breast cancer subtypes. Clinical significance of changes in serum DHEA-S levels during NCT remains to be elucidated.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-08-35.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - JS Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - JM Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - HS Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - SI Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - B-W Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
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Abstract
It is important to be able to identify patients with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in order to minimise the risk of an event. We investigated the incidence and risk factors for post-operative VTE in 168 consecutive patients with a malignancy of the lower limb. The period of study included ten months before and 12 months after the introduction of chemical thromboprophylaxis. All data about the potential risk factors were identified and classified into three groups (patient-, surgery- and tumour-related). The outcome measure was a thromboembolic event within 90 days of surgery. Of the 168 patients, eight (4.8%) had a confirmed symptomatic deep-vein thrombosis and one (0.6%) a fatal pulmonary embolism. Of the 28 variables tested, age > 60 years, higher American Society of Anesthesiologists grade and metastatic tumour were independent risk factors for VTE. The overall rate of symptomatic VTE was not significantly different between patients who received chemical thromboprophylaxis and those who did not. Knowledge of these risk factors may be of value in improving the surgical outcome of patients with a malignancy of the lower limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Kim
- Samsung Changwon Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon 630-522, Korea
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Kim MY, Jo SH, Park JM, Kim TH, Im SS, Ahn YH. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of Tcfe3 ameliorates hyperglycaemia in a mouse model of diabetes by upregulating glucokinase in the liver. Diabetologia 2013; 56:635-43. [PMID: 23269357 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2807-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Transcription factor E3 (TFE3) has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity by activating insulin-signalling pathways. However, the role of TFE3 in glucose homeostasis is not fully understood. Here, we explored the possible therapeutic potential of TFE3 for the control of hyperglycaemia using a streptozotocin-induced mouse model of diabetes. METHODS We achieved overabundance of TFE3 in streptozotocin mice by administering an adenovirus (Ad) or adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2). We also performed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT). To explore molecular mechanisms of blood glucose control by TFE3, transcriptional studies on the regulation of genes involved in hepatic glucose metabolism were performed using quantitative real-time PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The binding site of TFE3 in the liver Gck gene promoter was identified using deletion and site-specific mutation studies. RESULTS Overabundance of TFE3 resulted in reduced hyperglycaemia as shown by the OGTT and ITT in streptozotocin-treated mice. We observed that TFE3 can upregulate Gck in a state of insulin deficiency. However, glucose-6-phosphatase and cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA levels were decreased by Ad-mediated overexpression of Tcfe3. Biochemical studies revealed that the anti-hyperglycaemic effect of TFE3 is due to the upregulation of Gck. In primary cultured hepatocytes, TFE3 increased expression of Gck mRNA. Conversely, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of TFE3 resulted in a decrease in Gck mRNA. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study demonstrates that TFE3 counteracts hyperglycaemia in streptozotocin-treated mice. This effect could be due to the upregulation of Gck by binding of TFE3 to its cognitive promoter region.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
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Park S, Koo JS, Kim MJ, Park JM, Cho JH, Hwang H, Park HS, Kim EK, Kim SI, Park BW. Abstract P1-01-23: Increased Diagnostic Performance of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Combined with Radiologic-pathologic Factors After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients with Cytologically Proven Node Metastasis at Diagnosis. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p1-01-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: It is undetermined whether sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is feasible and accurate for predicting final nodal status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in breast cancer patients with cytologically proven node metastasis at the time of diagnosis, although currently completion node dissection is a standard surgical procedure for the management of axilla. The aim of this study was to investigate diagnostic performance of SLNB after NCT in this subgroup.
Methods: Of 374 patients with T1-T3 breast cancer who received NCT, 178 had initially biopsy proven axillary/supraclavicular metastasis and subsequently underwent SLNB using radioisotope alone followed by completion node dissection between 2008 and 2011. Detection rate, sensitivity, false negative rate (FNR), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of SLNB were retrospectively analyzed and it was explored using regression analysis whether combination with clinicopathologic factors improved performance.
Results: At initial presentation, 60.7% of patients were cT2 stage and 88.2% treated with concurrent or sequential anthracycline plus taxane preoperatively. SLNB was successfully performed in 169 (94.9%) patients. The mean number of sentinel and regional nodes retrieved was 2.1 ± 1.6 and 12.8 ± 6.3, respectively. Tumoral non-responder and extensive residual nodal disease were significantly associated with detection failure of SLNB. Conversion to node-negative disease was noted in 69 (40.8%) patients. Sensitivity, FNR, NPV, and accuracy of SLNB were 78.0%, 22.0%, 75.8%, and 87.0%, respectively and diagnostic performance increased when ≥ 3 sentinel nodes were evaluated. By logistic regression model, tumoral and nodal responder, absent lymphovascular invasion (LVI), estrogen receptor (ER)-negativity, and HER2-positivity were significantly associated with node-negative disease after NCT. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve increased from 0.890 to 0.949 when considering radiologic-pathologic factors and FNR was the lowest value of 14.3% in 46 patients with tumoral responder, absent LVI, and ER-negative tumor.
Conclusions: SLNB was technically feasible but solely showed higher FNR in this study. Improved diagnostic performance of SLNB combined with radiologic-pathologic characteristics suggests possible clinical value of SLNB after NCT in highly selected patients with node metastasis at diagnosis.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-23.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JS Koo
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - MJ Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JM Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JH Cho
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Hwang
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - HS Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - E-K Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SI Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B-W Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park HS, Park S, Koo JS, Cho JH, Park JM, Kim SI, Park BW. Abstract P2-05-03: Mouse double minute 2 nuclear expression as a prognostic marker in patients with breast cancer. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p2-05-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mouse double minute 2 (Mdm2) is a negative regulator of tumor suppressor, p53, thus Mdm2 expression may play a role in cancer development and prognosis, however, the definite role of Mdm2 in breast cancer is unclear. The aim of the study is to evaluate the correlation between Mdm2 expression and prognosis of breast cancer.
METHODS: Mdm2 expression was determined from immunohistochemistry of tissue microarrays of 865 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery. Clinicopathologic characteristics and survival data were analyzed using a univariate and multivariate analysis. Mdm2 expression was categorized into 3 groups: negative; no Mdm2 expression in nucleus and cytoplasm, cytoplasm-positive; cytoplasmic expression of Mdm2, nucleus-positive; nuclear with or without cytoplastimc expression of Mdm2.
RESULTS: Negative, cytoplasm-positive, and nucleus-positive groups were observed in 59.2%, 10.9%, and 29.9% of patients, respectively. Nucleus-positive group was associated with young age, high grade, negativity of estrogen and progesterone receptor, HER2 positivity, and high Ki-67 index. With median 86.0 follow-up months, nucleus-positive group showed poorer disease-free survival and overall survival than negative and cytoplasm-positive groups. In multivariate analysis, cytoplsmic expression of Mdm2 was not significantly associated with survival, whereas nuclear expression of Mdm2 was related to poor prognosis. (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.041–1.993 for DFS; HR, 1.546; 95% CI, 1.060–2.255 for OS)
CONCLUSIONS: Nuclear expression of Mdm2 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with breast cancer. Patterns of Mdm2 expression in tumor cell should be rendered in the evaluation of Mdm2 in breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-05-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- HS Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - JS Koo
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - JH Cho
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - JM Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-I Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - B-W Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Lee JS, Park S, Park JM, Cho JH, Kim SI, Park BW. Elevated levels of preoperative CA 15-3 and CEA serum levels have independently poor prognostic significance in breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2012; 24:1225-31. [PMID: 23230137 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative tumor markers, cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), in breast cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Preoperative CA 15-3 and CEA levels of 1681 patients were measured. The association of both tumor markers levels with clinicopathological parameters and outcomes was investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Among 1681 patients, elevated preoperative CA15-3 and CEA levels were identified in 176 and 131 patients, respectively. Higher preoperative CA 15-3 and CEA levels were significantly associated with a larger tumor size, axillary node metastases, and advanced stage. Patients with elevated CA 15-3 and CEA levels showed worse survival, even in stage-matched analysis. Patients with normal levels of both CA15-3 and CEA showed better survival than those with one or both markers levels elevated. In multivariate analysis, elevated preoperative CA 15-3 and CEA levels were independent prognostic factors. The statistical significance of elevated preoperative tumor markers levels on survival was solidified with longer follow-up and larger study population. CONCLUSIONS Elevated preoperative CA 15-3 and CEA levels are associated with tumor burden and showed independent prognostic significance. Therefore, new treatment strategies are necessary for patients with elevated preoperative CA 15-3 and CEA levels in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park JM, Kim K, Chie EK, Choi CH, Ye SJ, Ha SW. RapidArc vs intensity-modulated radiation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a comparative planning study. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:e323-9. [PMID: 22745211 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/19088580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to compare the dose-volumetric results of RapidArc (RA Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA) with those of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS 20 patients previously treated for hepatocellular carcinoma were the subjects of this planning study. 10 patients were treated for portal vein tumour thrombosis (Group A), and 10 patients for primary liver tumour (Group B). Prescription dose to the planning target volume was 54 Gy in 30 fractions, and the planning goal was to deliver more than 95% of prescribed dose to at least 95% of planning target volume. RESULTS In Group A, mean doses to liver were increased with RA vs IMRT (22.9 Gy vs 22.2 Gy, p=0.0275). However, V(30 Gy) of liver was lower in RA vs IMRT (31.1% vs 32.1%, p=0.0283). In Group B, in contrast, neither mean doses nor V(30 Gy) of liver significantly differed between the two plans. V(35 Gy) of duodenum and V(20 Gy) of kidney were decreased with RA in Groups A and B, respectively (p=0.0058 and 0.0124, respectively). Both maximal doses to spinal cord and monitor unit were significantly lower in the RA plan, regardless of the group. CONCLUSION The dose-volumetric results of RA vs IMRT were different according to the different target location within the liver. In general, RA tended to be more effective in the sparing of non-liver organs at risk such as duodenum, kidney, and/or spinal cord. Moreover, RA was more efficient in the treatment delivery than IMRT in terms of total monitor unit used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Intra-osseous haemangioma is a rare, benign neoplasm that usually involves the vertebrae and craniofacial bones. Furthermore, its occurrence in the long bones is extremely rare. We report the findings of fluorine-18-fludeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and MRI in a patient with intra-osseous haemangioma in the proximal tibia, who was initially misdiagnosed as having a malignancy based on (18)F-FDG PET/CT. (18)F-FDG PET/CT showed a well-marginated osteolytic lesion with abnormal FDG uptake. The mass demonstrated low signal intensity on T(1) weighted MRI. On T(2) weighted images, the lesion appeared as a cluster of high signal intensity lobules and showed strong enhancement on contrast-enhanced T(1) weighted images. Surgical curettage was performed and histopathological examination of the excised tissue confirmed a cavernous haemangioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Cha
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheonsi, Gyeonggido, Republic of Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Roh
- Department of Mental Health Research, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Cho YK, Choi MG, Oh SN, Baik CN, Park JM, Lee IS, Kim SW, Choi KY, Chung IS. Comparison of bolus transit patterns identified by esophageal impedance to barium esophagram in patients with dysphagia. Dis Esophagus 2012; 25:17-25. [PMID: 21668570 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2011.01212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bolus transit through the esophagus has not been validated by videoesophagram in patients with dysphagia and changes in impedance with abnormal barium transit have not been described in those patients. The aim of this study was to compare esophageal impedance findings with barium esophagram measurements in patients with dysphagia. The consecutive patients with dysphagia underwent conventional multichannel esophageal impedance manometry, after which a barium videoesophagram was performed simultaneously with multichannel esophageal impedance manometry using a mean of three swallows of barium. Esophageal emptying patterns shown in the esophagogram were classified by the degree of intraesophageal stasis and presence of intraesophageal reflux. Bolus transit patterns in impedance were classified as complete and incomplete transit. Sixteen patients (M : F = 8 : 8, mean age, 47 years) were enrolled. Their manometric diagnosis were normal (n= 6), ineffective esophageal motility (n= 1), diffuse esophageal spasm (DES; n= 2), and achalasia (n= 7). Sixty-three swallows were analyzed. According to impedance analysis, 21/22 swallows with normal barium emptying showed complete transit (96%) and 31/32 swallows with severe stasis showed incomplete transit (97%). Nine swallows with mild stasis showed either complete or incomplete transit patterns in impedance. Swallows with mild barium stasis and complete transit in impedance were observed in patients who had received treatment (two patients with achalasia with history of esophageal balloonplasty and a patient with DES after nifedipine administration). Impedance reflected severe stasis with retrograde barium movement and described typical bolus transit patterns in patients with achalasia and DES. In conclusion, impedance-barium esophagram concordance is high for swallows with normal esophageal emptying and for severe barium stasis in patients with dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Johnson EK, Faerber GJ, Roberts WW, Wolf JSJ, Park JM, Bloom DA, Wan J. Are stone protocol computed tomography scans mandatory for children with suspected urinary calculi? Int Braz J Urol 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382011000500033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Paik CN, Choi MG, Lim CH, Park JM, Chung WC, Lee KM, Jun KH, Song KY, Jeon HM, Chin HM, Park CH, Chung IS. The role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in postgastrectomy patients. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011. [PMID: 21324050 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is expected in postgastrectomy patients; however, its role has not been clarified. This study was to estimate the prevalence of SIBO and investigate the clinical role of SIBO in postgastrectomy patients. METHODS This prospective study involved 76 patients who underwent gastrectomy for early gastric cancer with no evidence of recurrence. An H(2)-CH(4) breath test with oral glucose challenge test was performed to diagnose SIBO and dumping syndrome. Sigstad dumping questionnaires, serum glucose, hematocrit and pulse rate were simultaneously monitored for every 30 min for 3 hours. KEY RESULTS There were significant differences in SIBO between the postgastrectomy patients and controls (77.6%vs 6.7%, P < 0.01). Abdominal fullness or borborygmus during oral glucose load were more common in SIBO-positive than in negative patients (50.8%vs 17.6%, P = 0.03), and were the independent factors for predicting SIBO in postgastrectomy patients (P = 0.02). The prevalences of dumping syndrome and hypoglycemia after oral glucose were 35 (46.1%) and 19 (25.0%), and were not different between both groups. However, the plasma glucose was significantly lower in SIBO-positive than in SIBO-negative patients at 120 and 150 min after oral glucose load (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in pulse rate and hematocrit in both groups. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES SIBO is common among postgastrectomy patients. It appears to be associated with postprandial intestinal symptoms and might aggravate late hypoglycemia. SIBO could be a new therapeutic target for managing intestinal symptoms in postgastrectomy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Paik
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Paik CN, Choi MG, Lim CH, Park JM, Chung WC, Lee KM, Jun KH, Song KY, Jeon HM, Chin HM, Park CH, Chung IS. The role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in postgastrectomy patients. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011; 23:e191-6. [PMID: 21324050 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01686.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is expected in postgastrectomy patients; however, its role has not been clarified. This study was to estimate the prevalence of SIBO and investigate the clinical role of SIBO in postgastrectomy patients. METHODS This prospective study involved 76 patients who underwent gastrectomy for early gastric cancer with no evidence of recurrence. An H(2)-CH(4) breath test with oral glucose challenge test was performed to diagnose SIBO and dumping syndrome. Sigstad dumping questionnaires, serum glucose, hematocrit and pulse rate were simultaneously monitored for every 30 min for 3 hours. KEY RESULTS There were significant differences in SIBO between the postgastrectomy patients and controls (77.6%vs 6.7%, P < 0.01). Abdominal fullness or borborygmus during oral glucose load were more common in SIBO-positive than in negative patients (50.8%vs 17.6%, P = 0.03), and were the independent factors for predicting SIBO in postgastrectomy patients (P = 0.02). The prevalences of dumping syndrome and hypoglycemia after oral glucose were 35 (46.1%) and 19 (25.0%), and were not different between both groups. However, the plasma glucose was significantly lower in SIBO-positive than in SIBO-negative patients at 120 and 150 min after oral glucose load (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in pulse rate and hematocrit in both groups. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES SIBO is common among postgastrectomy patients. It appears to be associated with postprandial intestinal symptoms and might aggravate late hypoglycemia. SIBO could be a new therapeutic target for managing intestinal symptoms in postgastrectomy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Paik
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Luan FL, Samaniego M, Kommareddi M, Park JM, Ojo AO. Choice of induction regimens on the risk of cytomegalovirus infection in donor-positive and recipient-negative kidney transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2011; 12:473-9. [PMID: 20576019 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2010.00532.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late occurrence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains a concern in CMV-seronegative kidney and/or pancreas transplant recipients of CMV-seropositive organs (donor positive/recipient negative, D+/R-) despite the use of prophylaxis. We investigated the impact of various antibody induction regimens on CMV infection in this group of patients. METHODS A total of 254 consecutive D+/R- kidney and/or pancreas transplant patients were studied. The induction agents rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (rATG) or basiliximab were used according to the center practice. All patients received prophylaxis with valganciclovir (VGCV) for either 3 or 6 months. The occurrence of CMV infection was confirmed by positive DNA viremia. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine risk factors for CMV infection. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of CMV infection was 58, 112, and 59 cases per 1000 patient-years for patients who received no antibody induction, induction with rATG, or basiliximab induction, respectively (P=0.02). The use of rATG but not basiliximab was associated with an increased risk for CMV infection (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 2.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-3.54, P=0.006). Acute rejection and its treatment with rATG were not associated with an increased risk for CMV infection when an additional course of VGCV was given following the treatment. Longer duration of prophylaxis was associated with a reduced risk for CMV infection (AHR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33-0.87, P=0.011). CONCLUSIONS Induction with rATG is associated with increased risk of CMV infection. Longer duration of prophylaxis is beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Luan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Oh KH, Yang SW, Park JM, Seol JH, Iemura S, Natsume T, Murata S, Tanaka K, Jeon YJ, Chung CH. Control of AIF-mediated cell death by antagonistic functions of CHIP ubiquitin E3 ligase and USP2 deubiquitinating enzyme. Cell Death Differ 2011; 18:1326-36. [PMID: 21293491 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2011.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial oxidoreductase that scavenges reactive oxygen species under normal conditions. Under certain stresses, such as exposure to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), AIF is truncated and released from the mitochondria and translocated into the nucleus, where the truncated AIF (tAIF) induces caspase-independent cell death. However, it is unknown how cells decide to kill themselves or operate ways to survive when they encounter stresses that induce the release of tAIF. Here, we demonstrated that USP2 and CHIP contribute to the control of tAIF stability. USP2 deubiquitinated and stabilized tAIF, thus promoting AIF-mediated cell death. In contrast, CHIP ubiquitinated and destabilized tAIF, thus preventing the cell death. Consistently, CHIP-deficient cells showed an increased sensitivity to MNNG. On the other hand, knockdown of USP2 attenuated MNNG-induced cell death. Moreover, exposure to MNNG caused a dramatic decrease in CHIP level, but not that of USP2, concurrent with cell shrinkage and chromatin condensation. These findings indicate that CHIP and USP2 show antagonistic functions in the control of AIF-mediated cell death, and implicate the role of the enzymes as a switch for cells to live or die under stresses that cause tAIF release.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Oh
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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