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Liu Q, Wang X, Chiu A, Liu W, Fuchs S, Wang B, Wang LH, Flanders J, Zhang Y, Wang K, Melero-Martin JM, Ma M. A Zwitterionic Polyurethane Nanoporous Device with Low Foreign-Body Response for Islet Encapsulation. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2102852. [PMID: 34363254 PMCID: PMC8487957 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation of insulin-producing cells is a promising strategy for treatment of type 1 diabetes. However, engineering an encapsulation device that is both safe (i.e., no cell escape and no breakage) and functional (i.e., low foreign-body response (FBR) and high mass transfer) remains a challenge. Here, a family of zwitterionic polyurethanes (ZPU) with sulfobetaine groups in the polymer backbone is developed, which are fabricated into encapsulation devices with tunable nanoporous structures via electrospinning. The ZPU encapsulation device is hydrophilic and fouling-resistant, exhibits robust mechanical properties, and prevents cell escape while still allowing efficient mass transfer. The ZPU device also induces a much lower FBR or cellular overgrowth upon intraperitoneal implantation in C57BL/6 mice for up to 6 months compared to devices made of similar polyurethane without the zwitterionic modification. The therapeutic potential of the ZPU device is shown for islet encapsulation and diabetes correction in mice for ≈3 months is demonstrated. As a proof of concept, the scalability and retrievability of the ZPU device in pigs and dogs are further demonstrated. Collectively, these attributes make ZPU devices attractive candidates for cell encapsulation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsheng Liu
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Alan Chiu
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Wanjun Liu
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Stephanie Fuchs
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Long-Hai Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - James Flanders
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Yidan Zhang
- Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juan M. Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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Liu Q, Chiu A, Wang LH, An D, Zhong M, Smink AM, de Haan BJ, de Vos P, Keane K, Vegge A, Chen EY, Song W, Liu WF, Flanders J, Rescan C, Grunnet LG, Wang X, Ma M. Zwitterionically modified alginates mitigate cellular overgrowth for cell encapsulation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5262. [PMID: 31748525 PMCID: PMC6868136 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Foreign body reaction (FBR) to implanted biomaterials and medical devices is common and can compromise the function of implants or cause complications. For example, in cell encapsulation, cellular overgrowth (CO) and fibrosis around the cellular constructs can reduce the mass transfer of oxygen, nutrients and metabolic wastes, undermining cell function and leading to transplant failure. Therefore, materials that mitigate FBR or CO will have broad applications in biomedicine. Here we report a group of zwitterionic, sulfobetaine (SB) and carboxybetaine (CB) modifications of alginates that reproducibly mitigate the CO of implanted alginate microcapsules in mice, dogs and pigs. Using the modified alginates (SB-alginates), we also demonstrate improved outcome of islet encapsulation in a chemically-induced diabetic mouse model. These zwitterion-modified alginates may contribute to the development of cell encapsulation therapies for type 1 diabetes and other hormone-deficient diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsheng Liu
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Alan Chiu
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Long-Hai Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Duo An
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Monica Zhong
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Alexandra M Smink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bart J de Haan
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Kevin Keane
- Stem Cell Biology, Novo Nordisk A/S, 2760, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Andreas Vegge
- Diabetes Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, 2760, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Esther Y Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Wendy F Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - James Flanders
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Claude Rescan
- Stem Cell Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/S, 2760, Måløv, Denmark
| | | | - Xi Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Bascuñán A, Regier PJ, Case JB, Singh A, Balsa I, Flanders J, Thieman-Mankin K, Ham KM. Vascular ring anomalies in cats: 20 cases (2000-2018). Vet Surg 2019; 49:265-273. [PMID: 31598999 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the clinical characteristics, types of vascular ring anomalies (VRA), operative findings, complications, and survival after surgical treatment of cats with VRA. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective, multi-institutional case series. ANIMALS Client- or shelter-owned cats presenting to academic, referral veterinary institutions. METHODS Medical records of cats with VRA that underwent surgical treatment were reviewed. Signalment, relevant medical history, clinical signs, diagnostic imaging, surgical findings, complications, and survival were recorded. RESULTS Twenty cats with VRA were included. Vascular ring anomalies were most commonly (75% [15/20]) diagnosed in cats less than 1 year old, with no breed or sex predilection. Regurgitation was the most common clinical sign, present in 18 of 20 (90%) cats. A persistent right aortic arch was diagnosed in 17 of 20 (85%) cats, with concurrent aberrant left subclavian artery in four of the cats. Surgical treatment was associated with survival to discharge in 18 of 20 (90%) cats. Persistent clinical signs were reported in nine of 13 (69%) cats, and radiographic evidence of megaesophagus persisted in four of 13 (31%) cats, with a median follow-up of 275 days after discharge. CONCLUSION Persistent right aortic arch was the most commonly diagnosed VRA in cats in this series, although multiple anomalies were observed. Surgical treatment of VRA in cats was associated with a high survival to discharge, although persistence of clinical signs and megaesophagus was noted in 69% and 31% of the cats, respectively. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Surgical treatment of VRA in cats is associated with a high survival rate; however, persistence of clinical signs is an expected outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bascuñán
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Penny J Regier
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - J Brad Case
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ameet Singh
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ingrid Balsa
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California
| | - James Flanders
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Kelley Thieman-Mankin
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Kathleen M Ham
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Bookbinder LC, Flanders J, Bookbinder PF, Harvey HJ, Barry JS, Cheetham J. Idiopathic Canine Laryngeal Paralysis as One Sign of a Diffuse Polyneuropathy: An Observational Study of 90 Cases (2007-2013). Vet Surg 2016; 45:254-60. [PMID: 26757180 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine survival and incidence of complications in dogs with idiopathic laryngeal paralysis (ILP) and concurrent neurologic signs. STUDY DESIGN Observational study. ANIMALS Dogs (n = 90) with ILP. METHODS Medical records (January 2007-June 2013) of dogs with ILP were reviewed. Neurologic comorbidities, including pelvic limb neurologic abnormalities and esophageal abnormalities were identified. Using medical record information and client interviews, the relationship between these comorbidities and postoperative survival (primary outcome measure) and postoperative complications (secondary outcome measure) was identified. RESULTS Dogs that had surgical correction of ILP had a 2.6-fold reduction in the hazard of death throughout the study period (HR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.34-4.84, P = .006). Owner assessed patient quality of life (10-point scale) increased by an average of 4.1 ± 1.4 units immediately postoperatively, and 4.9 ± 0.9 units until death or followup compared with preoperative values. Thirty-five of 72 dogs available for followup had evidence of diffuse neurologic comorbidities. Overall complication rate for dogs with neurologic comorbidities was 74%, compared with 32% for dogs without neurologic comorbidities. Presence of any neurologic comorbidity was associated with a significantly greater odds of any complication (OR = 4.04; 95% CI: 1.25-13.90, P = .019) as well as recurring complications (OR = 8.00; 95% CI: 1.49-54.38; P = .015). CONCLUSION Surgical correction of ILP was positively associated with survival, and dogs with neurologic comorbidities were at greater risk for developing postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Bookbinder
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - James Flanders
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Paul F Bookbinder
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - H Jay Harvey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Jay S Barry
- Cornell Statistical Consulting Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Jon Cheetham
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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5
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Pavlova I, Hume KR, Yazinski SA, Flanders J, Southard TL, Weiss RS, Webb WW. Multiphoton microscopy and microspectroscopy for diagnostics of inflammatory and neoplastic lung. J Biomed Opt 2012; 17:036014. [PMID: 22502572 PMCID: PMC3602811 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.3.036014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Limitations of current medical procedures for detecting early lung cancers inspire the need for new diagnostic imaging modalities for the direct microscopic visualization of lung nodules. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) provides for subcellular resolution imaging of intrinsic fluorescence from unprocessed tissue with minimal optical attenuation and photodamage. We demonstrate that MPM detects morphological and spectral features of lung tissue and differentiates between normal, inflammatory and neoplastic lung. Ex vivo MPM imaging of intrinsic two-photon excited fluorescence was performed on mouse and canine neoplastic, inflammatory and tumor-free lung sites. Results showed that MPM detected microanatomical differences between tumor-free and neoplastic lung tissue similar to standard histopathology but without the need for tissue processing. Furthermore, inflammatory sites displayed a distinct red-shifted fluorescence compared to neoplasms in both mouse and canine lung, and adenocarcinomas displayed a less pronounced fluorescence emission in the 500 to 550 nm region compared to adenomas in mouse models of lung cancer. These spectral distinctions were also confirmed by two-photon excited fluorescence microspectroscopy. We demonstrate the feasibility of applying MPM imaging of intrinsic fluorescence for the differentiation of lung neoplasms, inflammatory and tumor-free lung, which motivates the application of multiphoton endoscopy for the in situ imaging of lung nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Pavlova
- Cornell University, School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Ithaca, New York
| | - Kelly R. Hume
- Cornell University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ithaca, New York
| | | | - James Flanders
- Cornell University, Cornell University Hospital for Animals, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York
| | - Teresa L. Southard
- Cornell University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ithaca, New York
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Pathology, Ithaca, New York
| | - Robert S. Weiss
- Cornell University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ithaca, New York
| | - Watt W. Webb
- Cornell University, School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Ithaca, New York
- Address all correspondence to: Watt Wetmore Webb, Cornell University, School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Clark Hall 223, Ithaca, New York. Tel: +607 255 3331; Fax: +607 255 7658; E-mail:
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Hatzoglou A, Ader I, Splingard A, Flanders J, Saade E, Leroy I, Traver S, Aresta S, de Gunzburg J. Gem associates with Ezrin and acts via the Rho-GAP protein Gmip to down-regulate the Rho pathway. Mol Biol Cell 2007; 18:1242-52. [PMID: 17267693 PMCID: PMC1839077 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e06-06-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gem is a protein of the Ras superfamily that plays a role in regulating voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and cytoskeletal reorganization. We now report that GTP-bound Gem interacts with the membrane-cytoskeleton linker protein Ezrin in its active state, and that Gem binds to active Ezrin in cells. The coexpression of Gem and Ezrin induces cell elongation accompanied by the disappearance of actin stress fibers and collapse of most focal adhesions. The same morphological effect is elicited when cells expressing Gem alone are stimulated with serum and requires the expression of ERM proteins. We show that endogenous Gem down-regulates the level of active RhoA and actin stress fibers. The effects of Gem downstream of Rho, i.e., ERM phosphorylation as well as disappearance of actin stress fibers and most focal adhesions, require the Rho-GAP partner of Gem, Gmip, a protein that is enriched in membranes under conditions in which Gem induced cell elongation. Our results suggest that Gem binds active Ezrin at the plasma membrane-cytoskeleton interface and acts via the Rho-GAP protein Gmip to down-regulate the processes dependent on the Rho pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabelle Ader
- *Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche and
- Inserm U528, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Anne Splingard
- *Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche and
- Inserm U528, Paris F-75248, France
| | - James Flanders
- *Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche and
- Inserm U528, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Evelyne Saade
- *Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche and
- Inserm U528, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Ingrid Leroy
- *Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche and
- Inserm U528, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Sabine Traver
- *Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche and
- Inserm U528, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Sandra Aresta
- *Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche and
- Inserm U528, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Jean de Gunzburg
- *Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche and
- Inserm U528, Paris F-75248, France
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Schatzberg SJ, Cutter-Schatzberg K, Nydam D, Barrett J, Penn R, Flanders J, deLahunta A, Lin L, Mignot E. The effect of hypocretin replacement therapy in a 3-year-old Weimaraner with narcolepsy. J Vet Intern Med 2004; 18:586-8. [PMID: 15320603 DOI: 10.1892/0891-6640(2004)18<586:teohrt>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Schatzberg SJ, Cutter-Schatzberg K, Nydam D, Barrett J, Penn R, Flanders J, deLahunta A, Linx L, Mignot E. The Effect of Hypocretin Replacement Therapy in a 3-Year-Old Weimaraner with Narcolepsy. J Vet Intern Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2004.tb02590.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Flanders J. Pott's luck. Nurs Mirror 1984; 158:29-30. [PMID: 6425808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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