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Greenhawt M, Dribin TE, Abrams EM, Shaker M, Chu DK, Golden DBK, Akin C, Anagnostou A, ALMuhizi F, Alqurashi W, Arkwright P, Baldwin JL, Banerji A, Bégin P, Ben-Shoshan M, Bernstein J, Bingemann TA, Bindslev-Jensen C, Blumenthal K, Byrne A, Cahill J, Cameron S, Campbell D, Campbell R, Cavender M, Chan ES, Chinthrajah S, Comberiati P, Eastman JJ, Ellis AK, Fleischer DM, Fox A, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA, Gagnon R, Garvey LH, Grayson MH, Isabwe GAC, Hartog N, Hendron D, Horner CC, Hourihane JO, Iglesia E, Kan M, Kaplan B, Katelaris CH, Kim H, Kelso JM, Khan DA, Lang D, Ledford D, Levin M, Lieberman JA, Loh R, Mack DP, Mazer B, Mody K, Mosnaim G, Munblit D, Mustafa SS, Nanda A, Nathan R, Oppenheimer J, Otani IM, Park M, Pawankar R, Perrett KP, Peter J, Phillips EJ, Picard M, Pitlick M, Ramsey A, Rasmussen TH, Rathkopf MM, Reddy H, Robertson K, Rodriguez Del Rio P, Sample S, Sheshadri A, Sheik J, Sindher SB, Spergel JM, Stone CA, Stukus D, Tang MLK, Tracy JM, Turner PJ, Vander Leek TK, Wallace DV, Wang J, Wasserman S, Weldon D, Wolfson AR, Worm M, Yacoub MR. Updated guidance regarding the risk of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines and recommended evaluation and management: A GRADE assessment and international consensus approach. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:309-325. [PMID: 37295474 PMCID: PMC10247143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This guidance updates 2021 GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) recommendations regarding immediate allergic reactions following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and addresses revaccinating individuals with first-dose allergic reactions and allergy testing to determine revaccination outcomes. Recent meta-analyses assessed the incidence of severe allergic reactions to initial COVID-19 vaccination, risk of mRNA-COVID-19 revaccination after an initial reaction, and diagnostic accuracy of COVID-19 vaccine and vaccine excipient testing in predicting reactions. GRADE methods informed rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendations. A modified Delphi panel consisting of experts in allergy, anaphylaxis, vaccinology, infectious diseases, emergency medicine, and primary care from Australia, Canada, Europe, Japan, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States formed the recommendations. We recommend vaccination for persons without COVID-19 vaccine excipient allergy and revaccination after a prior immediate allergic reaction. We suggest against >15-minute postvaccination observation. We recommend against mRNA vaccine or excipient skin testing to predict outcomes. We suggest revaccination of persons with an immediate allergic reaction to the mRNA vaccine or excipients be performed by a person with vaccine allergy expertise in a properly equipped setting. We suggest against premedication, split-dosing, or special precautions because of a comorbid allergic history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Greenhawt
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.
| | - Timothy E Dribin
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Elissa M Abrams
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Allergy and Immunology, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Marcus Shaker
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Section of Allergy and Immunology, Lebanon, NH; Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH
| | - Derek K Chu
- Faculty of Medicine, and the Department of McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, Canada; Evidence in Allergy Group, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Canada
| | - David B K Golden
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Bethesda
| | - Cem Akin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Akterini Anagnostou
- Section of Immunology, Allergy, and Retrovirology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Section of Immunology, Allergy and Retrovirology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Faisal ALMuhizi
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Arabia
| | - Waleed Alqurashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Peter Arkwright
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - James L Baldwin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Aleena Banerji
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Philippe Bégin
- Centre Hospital Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Moshe Ben-Shoshan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Center-Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jonathan Bernstein
- Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Theresa A Bingemann
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Carsten Bindslev-Jensen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Centre for Anaphylaxis, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kim Blumenthal
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Aideen Byrne
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Julia Cahill
- University of Alberta, Faculty of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
| | - Scott Cameron
- Allergy Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Ronna Campbell
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
| | | | - Edmond S Chan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, BC Children's Hospital, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sharon Chinthrajah
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif; Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif; Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jacqueline J Eastman
- Corewell Health Allergy and Immunology, Grand Rapids, Mich; Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Anne K Ellis
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - David M Fleischer
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
| | - Adam Fox
- Guys's and St Tomas's Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, Mass
| | - Pamela A Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Food Allergy Research Section, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Remi Gagnon
- Clinique Spécialisée en Allergie de la Capitale, Québec, Canada
| | - Lene H Garvey
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mitchell H Grayson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ghislaine Annie Clarisse Isabwe
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Center-Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicholas Hartog
- Corewell Health Allergy and Immunology, Grand Rapids, Mich; Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - David Hendron
- Access Health Care Physicians LLC, New Port Richey, Fla
| | - Caroline C Horner
- Division of Allergy and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo
| | | | - Edward Iglesia
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | | | - Blanka Kaplan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Northwell Health, New York, NY
| | | | - Harold Kim
- Faculty of Medicine, and the Department of McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Western University, St Joseph's Health Care, London (Canada), Mass
| | - John M Kelso
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, Calif
| | - David A Khan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - David Lang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dennis Ledford
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla
| | - Michael Levin
- Division of Paediatric Allergology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jay A Lieberman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, The University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Richard Loh
- Immunology Department, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Douglas P Mack
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Halton Pediatric Allergy, Burlington, Canada
| | - Bruce Mazer
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Center-Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ketan Mody
- Elite Sports Medicine Institute Ltd, Westmont, Ill
| | - Gisele Mosnaim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Ill
| | - Daniel Munblit
- Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, Mass
| | - S Shahzad Mustafa
- Rochester Regional Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Anil Nanda
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Asthma and Allergy Center, Lewisville and Flower Mound, Dallas, Tex
| | | | - John Oppenheimer
- University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Rutgers University School of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Iris M Otani
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Miguel Park
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
| | - Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kirsten P Perrett
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Ill; Population Allergy Group and the Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jonny Peter
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and the Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town
| | - Elizabeth J Phillips
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; Center for Drug Safety and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Matthieu Picard
- Hôspital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Allison Ramsey
- Rochester Regional Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Trine Holm Rasmussen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Centre for Anaphylaxis, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Hari Reddy
- Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Center of Alaska, Anchorage, Alaska; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash
| | - Kara Robertson
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St Joseph's Health Care, London (Canada), Mass; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, St Joseph's Health Care, London (Canada), Mass
| | | | | | - Ajay Sheshadri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex
| | - Javed Sheik
- Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Sayantani B Sindher
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif; Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif; Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Jonathan M Spergel
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Cosby A Stone
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - David Stukus
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Department of Allergy Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - James M Tracy
- Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Associates PC, Omaha, Neb; Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska School of Medicine, Omaha, Neb
| | - Paul J Turner
- Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, Mass; Royal Brompton and Harefield National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, Mass
| | - Timothy K Vander Leek
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Dana V Wallace
- Nova Southeastern University College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Fla
| | - Julie Wang
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Susan Wasserman
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - David Weldon
- Baylor Scott and White Clinic, College Station, Tex
| | - Anna R Wolfson
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Margitta Worm
- Division of Allergology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mona-Rita Yacoub
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Hospital, Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Segrate, Milan, Italy
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Tracy JM. Allergy—a brave “new world?” Maybe. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2023; 130:548-549. [PMID: 37012146 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James M Tracy
- University of Nebraska College of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska.
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Tracy JM. Testing for Venom Allergy: Should We Change Testing Order? J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2022; 10:844-845. [PMID: 35272787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James M Tracy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, Omaha, Neb; Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Associates, PC, Omaha, Neb.
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Adams KE, Tracy JM, Golden DBK. Anaphylaxis to Stinging Insect Venom. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2021; 42:161-173. [PMID: 34823745 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Hymenoptera stinging insects are common culprits for allergic reactions. Anaphylaxis to insect stings can be life threatening and is associated with a significant risk of recurrence. Insect allergy requires referral to an allergist/immunologist for education and for diagnostic evaluation that will direct further management and treatment. Venom immunotherapy is safe and effective; it prevents sting anaphylaxis in up to 98% of patients. Potential risk factors for side effects during testing and treatment should be assessed for every patient to mitigate risk and to guide treatment recommendations and the duration of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla E Adams
- Allergy & Immunology Division, Department of Medicine, Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, 1100 Wilford Hall Loop, Building 4554, Lackland AFB, San Antonio, TX 78236, USA.
| | - James M Tracy
- University of Nebraska College of Medicine; Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Associates, P.C., 2808 South 80th Avenue, Suite 210, Omaha, NE 68133, USA
| | - David B K Golden
- Johns Hopkins University, 25 Crossroads Drive #410, Owings Mills, MD 21117, USA
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Greenhawt M, Abrams EM, Shaker M, Chu DK, Khan D, Akin C, Alqurashi W, Arkwright P, Baldwin JL, Ben-Shoshan M, Bernstein J, Bingemann T, Blumchen K, Byrne A, Bognanni A, Campbell D, Campbell R, Chagla Z, Chan ES, Chan J, Comberiati P, Dribin TE, Ellis AK, Fleischer DM, Fox A, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA, Gagnon R, Grayson MH, Horner CC, Hourihane J, Katelaris CH, Kim H, Kelso JM, Lang D, Ledford D, Levin M, Lieberman J, Loh R, Mack D, Mazer B, Mosnaim G, Munblit D, Mustafa SS, Nanda A, Oppenheimer J, Perrett KP, Ramsey A, Rank M, Robertson K, Sheikh J, Spergel JM, Stukus D, Tang ML, Tracy JM, Turner PJ, Whalen-Browne A, Wallace D, Wang J, Waserman S, Witry JK, Worm M, Vander Leek TK, Golden DB. The Risk of Allergic Reaction to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines and Recommended Evaluation and Management: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, GRADE Assessment, and International Consensus Approach. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021; 9:3546-3567. [PMID: 34153517 PMCID: PMC8248554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Concerns for anaphylaxis may hamper severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunization efforts. We convened a multidisciplinary group of international experts in anaphylaxis composed of allergy, infectious disease, emergency medicine, and front-line clinicians to systematically develop recommendations regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immediate allergic reactions. Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, the World Health Organizstion (WHO) global coronavirus database, and the gray literature (inception, March 19, 2021) were systematically searched. Paired reviewers independently selected studies addressing anaphylaxis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polysorbate allergy, and accuracy of allergy testing for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine allergy. Random effects models synthesized the data to inform recommendations based on the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, agreed upon using a modified Delphi panel. The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine anaphylaxis is 7.91 cases per million (n = 41,000,000 vaccinations; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 4.02-15.59; 26 studies, moderate certainty), the incidence of 0.15 cases per million patient-years (95% CI 0.11-0.2), and the sensitivity for PEG skin testing is poor, although specificity is high (15 studies, very low certainty). We recommend vaccination over either no vaccination or performing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine/excipient screening allergy testing for individuals without history of a severe allergic reaction to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine/excipient, and a shared decision-making paradigm in consultation with an allergy specialist for individuals with a history of a severe allergic reaction to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine/excipient. We recommend further research to clarify SARS-CoV-2 vaccine/vaccine excipient testing utility in individuals potentially allergic to SARS-CoV2 vaccines or their excipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Greenhawt
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Food Challenge and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo,Corresponding author: Matthew Greenhawt, MD, MBA, MS, Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Food Challenge and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13123 E. 16th Ave., Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Elissa M. Abrams
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Section of Allergy and Immunology, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man, Canada
| | - Marcus Shaker
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Section of Allergy and Immunology, Lebanon; Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH
| | - Derek K. Chu
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University; The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton; Evidence in Allergy Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont, Canada
| | - David Khan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Cem Akin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Waleed Alqurashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont, Canada
| | - Peter Arkwright
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - James L. Baldwin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Moshe Ben-Shoshan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Center–Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Bernstein
- Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Theresa Bingemann
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Katharina Blumchen
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Paediatric Pneumology, Allergology, and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Aideen Byrne
- Children’s Health Ireland at Crumlin, Crumlin, Ireland
| | - Antonio Bognanni
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Evidence in Allergy Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont, Canada
| | - Dianne Campbell
- The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ronna Campbell
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Zain Chagla
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont, Canada
| | - Edmond S. Chan
- BC Children’s Hospital, Division of Allergy and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Chan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Southlake Regional Medical Center, Newmarket, Ont, Canada
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timothy E. Dribin
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Anne K. Ellis
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont, Canada
| | - David M. Fleischer
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Food Challenge and Research Unit, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
| | - Adam Fox
- Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela A. Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Food Allergy Research Section, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Remi Gagnon
- Clinique Spécialisée en Allergie de la Capitale, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mitchell H. Grayson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Caroline C. Horner
- Division of Allergy and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo
| | | | | | - Harold Kim
- Western University, Londo, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont, Canada
| | - John M. Kelso
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, Calif
| | - David Lang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dennis Ledford
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Fla
| | - Michael Levin
- Division of Paediatric Allergology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jay Lieberman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, The University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Richard Loh
- Immunology Department, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Doug Mack
- McMaster University Hamilton, Halton Pediatric Allergy, Burlington, Ont, Canada
| | - Bruce Mazer
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Center–Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Giselle Mosnaim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Ill
| | - Daniel Munblit
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child’s Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia, Inflammation, Repair, Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S. Shahzad Mustafa
- Rochester Regional Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Anil Nanda
- Asthma and Allergy Center, Lewisville and Flower Mound, Texas, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Kirsten P. Perrett
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison Ramsey
- Rochester Regional Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Matthew Rank
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Division of Pulmonology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz
| | - Kara Robertson
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St. Joseph’s Health Care, the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont, Canada
| | - Javed Sheikh
- Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Jonathan M. Spergel
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - David Stukus
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mimi L.K. Tang
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital, Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - James M. Tracy
- Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Associates, PC, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska School of Medicine, Omaha, Neb
| | - Paul J. Turner
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anna Whalen-Browne
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Evidence in Allergy Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont, Canada
| | - Dana Wallace
- Nova Southeastern University College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Fla
| | - Julie Wang
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, the Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, New York, NY
| | - Susan Waserman
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology, and Allergy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont, Canada
| | - John K. Witry
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Margitta Worm
- Division of Allergology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy K. Vander Leek
- Pediatric Allergy and Asthma, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta, Canada
| | - David B.K. Golden
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
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Tracy JM, Meadows JA, Imbeau S, Finerfrock B, Sublett JL. The future of health care: A look forward for the allergist. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021; 127:615-616. [PMID: 34563705 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James M Tracy
- Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska.
| | - J Allen Meadows
- Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Montgomery, Alabama
| | - Stephen Imbeau
- Allergy & Immunology. Allergy, Asthma & Sinus Center, Florence, South Carolina
| | | | - James L Sublett
- Advocacy and Governmental Affairs, American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Arlington Heights, Illinois; Family Allergy and Asthma, Louisville, Kentucky; School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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Golden DBK, Bernstein DI, Freeman TM, Tracy JM, Lang DM, Nicklas RA. AAAAI/ACAAI Joint Venom Extract Shortage Task Force Report. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019; 5:330-332. [PMID: 28283157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David B K Golden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.
| | - David I Bernstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Allergy & Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - James M Tracy
- Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Associates, P.C., Omaha, Neb
| | - David M Lang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Richard A Nicklas
- Allergy, Asthma & Sinus, George Washington Medical Center, Rockville, Md
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Tracy JM, Golden DBK. Hymenoptera Venom Extracts in Clinical Practice. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018; 6:1856-1862. [PMID: 30179742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Venom immunotherapy is the only treatment for the prevention of anaphylaxis and remains the prototypical model for its diagnosis and management. Unlike other causes of anaphylaxis, such as foods and drugs, preventative treatment using venom immunotherapy is highly effective with well-established protocols, and is widely available. Hymenoptera venoms are also unique in that the primary allergens are directly measurable in terms of micrograms, rather than labeled on the basis of potency. As such, venoms were the first truly standardized extracts. However, Hymenoptera venom presents unique challenges in collection, processing, and stabilization of the venom extract product. Historically, there have been minor variations in insect composition in venom extract content. These differences were in part based on variation in insect availability and venom collection and have created minor challenges. However, it is a recognized need that venom extracts contain an optimal and complete repertoire of relevant venoms so as to be assured of appropriate diagnosis and treatment. As such, insect availability and collection, as well as storage, stability, and sterility of venom extracts, have remained critical components to appropriate diagnosis and prevention of venom-induced anaphylaxis. In recent years there has been concerns about adequate supplies of venom for appropriate diagnosis and treatment of venom allergy, but these concerns seem to have stabilized, with the movement to a single venom supplier. This movement to a single supplier may provide its own challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Tracy
- Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Associates, P.C., Omaha, Neb.
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Golden DBK, Bernstein DI, Freeman TM, Tracy JM, Lang DM, Nicklas RA. AAAAI/ACAAI Joint Venom Extract Shortage Task Force Report. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017; 118:283-285. [PMID: 28284534 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David B K Golden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.
| | - David I Bernstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Allergy & Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - James M Tracy
- Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Associates, P.C., Omaha, Neb
| | - David M Lang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Richard A Nicklas
- Allergy, Asthma & Sinus, George Washington Medical Center, Rockville, Md
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Busse WW, Ballas ZK, Casale TB, Cox L, Dimov V, Honsinger RW, Jones CA, Tracy JM. Future of Allergy/Immunology Task Force Report. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 130:1009-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Golden DBK, Moffitt J, Nicklas RA, Freeman T, Graft DF, Reisman RE, Tracy JM, Bernstein D, Blessing-Moore J, Cox L, Khan DA, Lang DM, Oppenheimer J, Portnoy JM, Randolph C, Schuller DE, Spector SL, Tilles SA, Wallace D. Stinging insect hypersensitivity: a practice parameter update 2011. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 127:852-4.e1-23. [PMID: 21458655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
These parameters were developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters, representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI); and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. The AAAAI and the ACAAI have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing "Stinging insect hypersensitivity: a practice parameter update II." Because this document incorporated the efforts of many participants, no single individual, including those who served on the Joint Task Force, is authorized to provide an official AAAAI or ACAAI interpretation of these practice parameters. Any request for information about or an interpretation of these practice parameters by the AAAAI or the ACAAI should be directed to the Executive Offices of the AAAAI, the ACAAI, and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time. The medical environment is a changing environment, and not all recommendations will be appropriate for all patients. These parameters are not designed for use by pharmaceutical companies in drug promotion. The Joint Task Force understands that the cost of diagnostic tests and therapeutic agents is an important concern that may appropriately influence the work-up and treatment chosen for a given patient. The Joint Task Force recognizes that the emphasis of our primary recommendations regarding a medication may vary, for example, depending on third party payer issues and product patent expiration dates. However, since a given test or agent's cost is so widely variable, and there is a paucity of pharmacoeconomic data, the Joint Task Force generally does not consider cost when formulating Practice Parameter recommendations. In extraordinary circumstances, when the cost benefit of an intervention is prohibitive as supported by pharmacoeconomic data, commentary may be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B K Golden
- Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, 50 N Brockway St, #3-3, Palatine, IL 60067, USA
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K. Golden DB, Tracy JM, Freeman TM, Hoffman DR. Reply. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2003.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Golden DBK, Tracy JM, Freeman TM, Hoffman DR. Negative venom skin test results in patients with histories of systemic reaction to a sting. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 112:495-8. [PMID: 13679806 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(03)01537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For more than 20 years venom immunotherapy has been the preferred treatment for Hymenoptera allergy and venom skin testing the preferred diagnostic test. Most allergists consider venom skin tests to be highly accurate and interpret a negative venom skin test result to indicate the absence of insect allergy. Furthermore, current practice guidelines do not adequately address the question of how best to manage the patient with a convincing history of insect allergy but negative skin test results. Recent case reports and published studies have forced us to reexamine this important management issue and to consider what role in vitro venom testing might have in the management of insect allergy. We reviewed the current status of what is known about the management of individuals with a history of insect allergy but negative venom skin test results and suggested modifications of current working guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B K Golden
- Insect Allergy Committee, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, 611 E. Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA
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Abstract
People with developmental disabilities are becoming an important part of the general practice population. Although they have a similar range of medical conditions to the general population, there are some important differences in prevalence, risk factors, presentation and management of particular conditions. We use gastro-oesophageal reflux to illustrate how developmental disability may affect the presentation, assessment and management of a common condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Tracy
- Centre for Developmental Disability, Health Victoria, Melbourne.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Following otitis media, 10% to 50% of children develop residual middle ear effusion with concurrent hearing loss and potential cognitive, behavioral, and language impairment. Prophylactic antibiotics and tympanostomy tubes are currently recommended treatments for chronic middle ear effusion. OBJECTIVE In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study of chronic middle ear effusion, we assessed the effectiveness of topical intranasal beclomethasone as an adjunct to prophylactic antibiotic therapy. METHODS Sixty-one children, aged 3 to 11 years with persistent middle ear effusion greater than 3 months, were randomized into three treatment groups: (1) prophylactic antibiotics; (2) prophylactic antibiotics plus intranasal beclomethasone (336 micrograms/day); and (3) prophylactic antibiotics plus intranasal placebo. Patients were evaluated with aeroallergen skin tests at entry; and tympanogram, otoscopic examination, and symptom questionnaire at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. RESULTS While middle ear pressures, otoscopic examinations, and symptom scores were improved for each treatment group over 12 weeks of therapy, the beclomethasone plus antibiotics group improved all three measures more rapidly than the antibiotics-alone and placebo nasal spray plus antibiotics groups over the first 8 weeks. Only the beclomethasone group significantly improved left (P = .004) and right (P = .01) middle ear pressures over 12 weeks. Resolution of chronic middle ear effusions was more frequent in the beclomethasone group (P < or = .05 at 4 and 8 weeks). No difference in response to nasal steroids was observed between atopic and nonatopic subjects. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that intranasal beclomethasone may be a useful adjunct to prophylactic antibiotic treatment of chronic middle ear effusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Tracy
- Department of Allergy-Immunology, Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland AFB, Texas, USA
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Tracy JM, Demain JG, Quinn JM, Hoffman DR, Goetz DW, Freeman TM. The natural history of exposure to the imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta). J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995; 95:824-8. [PMID: 7722162 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(95)70125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imported fire ants (IFA) are a common cause of insect venom hypersensitivity in the southeastern United States. The purpose of this study was to determine the sting attack rate and development of specific IgE in an unsensitized population. METHODS Study participants consisted of 137 medical students with limited exposure to IFA-endemic areas who were temporarily training in San Antonio, Tex. Subjects were surveyed for prior IFA exposure with a questionnaire, and IFA-specific IgE was evaluated with RAST and intradermal skin testing. Evaluations were performed on arrival and reported at departure from the endemic area 3 weeks later. RESULTS One hundred seven subjects completed the study. Field stings were reported in 55 subjects, resulting in a sting attack rate of 51%. In these 55 subjects 53 (96%) reported a pustule or a small local reaction at the sting site, one (2%) reported an isolated large local reaction, and none reported a systemic reaction. At the 3-week follow-up skin test and RAST conversions occurred in seven subjects (13%) and in one subject (1.8%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Even brief exposures to IFA-endemic areas result in significant sting rates and concurrent rapid development of IFA-specific IgE in 16% of stung subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Tracy
- Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, TX 78236-5300, USA
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Abstract
It is shown that the reflection from a phase-conjugate mirror does not exhibit a Doppler shift in frequency. The physical basis for this phenomenon is discussed, and it has been verified experimentally by using four-wave mixing with photorefractive Bi(12)SiO(20) (BSO) in a phase-conjugate Michelson interferometer. The same measurement is also used to determine the response time of the nonlinear material to moving spatial holograms. This response time is 7.3 msec in BSO.
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