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Bolat F, Ghitman J, Necolau MI, Vasile E, Iovu H. A Comparative Study of the Impact of the Bleaching Method on the Production and Characterization of Cotton-Origin Nanocrystalline Cellulose by Acid and Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3446. [PMID: 37631504 PMCID: PMC10458172 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to environmental concerns, as well as its exceptional physical and mechanical capabilities, biodegradability, and optical and barrier qualities, nanocellulose has drawn a lot of interest as a source of reinforcing materials that are nanometer sized. This article focuses on how to manufacture cellulose nanomaterials from cotton by using different types of acids such as H2SO4 and HCI in different concentrations and in the presence of enzymes such as cellulase and xylanase. Two different types of bleaching methods were used before acid and enzyme hydrolysis. In the first method, cellulose was extracted by bleaching the cotton with H2O2. In the second method, NaOCl was utilized. For both methods, different concentrations of acids and enzymes were used to isolate nanocellulose materials, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) at different temperatures. All obtained nanocellulose materials were analyzed through different techniques such as FT-IR, Zeta potentials, DLS, Raman spectroscopy, TGA, DSC, XRD, and SEM. The characteristic signals related to cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were confirmed with the aid of Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy. According to the XRD results, the samples' crystallinity percentages range from 54.1% to 63.2%. The SEM image showed that long fibers break down into small fibers and needle-like features are seen on the surface of the fibers. Using different types of bleaching has no significant effect on the thermal stability of samples. The results demonstrate a successful method for synthesizing cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) from cotton through enzymatic hydrolysis, but the results also demonstrated that the choice of bleaching method has a significant impact on the hydrodynamic properties and crystallinity of both CNC and CNF samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faik Bolat
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (F.B.); (J.G.); (M.I.N.)
| | - Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (F.B.); (J.G.); (M.I.N.)
| | - Madalina Ioana Necolau
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (F.B.); (J.G.); (M.I.N.)
| | - Eugeniu Vasile
- Department of Oxide Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (F.B.); (J.G.); (M.I.N.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
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Cojocaru E, Ghitman J, Pircalabioru GG, Zaharia A, Iovu H, Sarbu A. Electrospun/3D-Printed Bicomponent Scaffold Co-Loaded with a Prodrug and a Drug with Antibacterial and Immunomodulatory Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2854. [PMID: 37447499 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This work reports the construction of a bicomponent scaffold co-loaded with both a prodrug and a drug (BiFp@Ht) as an efficient platform for wound dressing, by combining the electrospinning and 3D-printing technologies. The outer component consisted of a chitosan/polyethylene oxide-electrospun membrane loaded with the indomethacin-polyethylene glycol-indomethacin prodrug (Fp) and served as a support for printing the inner component, a gelatin methacryloyl/sodium alginate hydrogel loaded with tetracycline hydrochloride (Ht). The different architectural characteristics of the electrospun and 3D-printed layers were very well highlighted in a morphological analysis performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In vitro release profile studies demonstrated that both Fp and Ht layers were capable to release the loaded therapeutics in a controlled and sustained manner. According to a quantitative in vitro biological assessment, the bicomponent BiFp@Ht scaffold showed a good biocompatibility and no cytotoxic effect on HeLa cell cultures, while the highest proliferation level was noted in the case of HeLa cells seeded onto an Fp nanofibrous membrane. Furthermore, the BiFp@Ht scaffold presented an excellent antimicrobial activity against the E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strains, along with promising anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic activities, proving its potential to be used for wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cojocaru
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- eBio-Hub Research Center, University Politehnica of Bucharest-CAMPUS, 6 Iuliu Maniu Boulevard, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- eBio-Hub Research Center, University Politehnica of Bucharest-CAMPUS, 6 Iuliu Maniu Boulevard, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anamaria Zaharia
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- eBio-Hub Research Center, University Politehnica of Bucharest-CAMPUS, 6 Iuliu Maniu Boulevard, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Sarbu
- Advanced Polymer Materials and Polymer Recycling Group, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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Dediu V, Ghitman J, Gradisteanu Pircalabioru G, Chan KH, Iliescu FS, Iliescu C. Trends in Photothermal Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119375. [PMID: 37298326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of antimicrobial resistance due to broad antibiotic utilisation in the healthcare and food industries and the non-availability of novel antibiotics represents one of the most critical public health issues worldwide. Current advances in nanotechnology allow new materials to address drug-resistant bacterial infections in specific, focused, and biologically safe ways. The unique physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and wide range of adaptability of nanomaterials that exhibit photothermal capability can be employed to develop the next generation of photothermally induced controllable hyperthermia as antibacterial nanoplatforms. Here, we review the current state of the art in different functional classes of photothermal antibacterial nanomaterials and strategies to optimise antimicrobial efficiency. The recent achievements and trends in developing photothermally active nanostructures, including plasmonic metals, semiconductors, and carbon-based and organic photothermal polymers, and antibacterial mechanisms of action, including anti-multidrug-resistant bacteria and biofilm removal, will be discussed. Insights into the mechanisms of the photothermal effect and various factors influencing photothermal antimicrobial performance, emphasising the structure-performance relationship, are discussed. We will examine the photothermal agents' functionalisation for specific bacteria, the effects of the near-infrared light irradiation spectrum, and active photothermal materials for multimodal synergistic-based therapies to minimise side effects and maintain low costs. The most relevant applications are presented, such as antibiofilm formation, biofilm penetration or ablation, and nanomaterial-based infected wound therapy. Practical antibacterial applications employing photothermal antimicrobial agents, alone or in synergistic combination with other nanomaterials, are considered. Existing challenges and limitations in photothermal antimicrobial therapy and future perspectives are presented from the structural, functional, safety, and clinical potential points of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Dediu
- National Research and Development Institute in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Jana Ghitman
- eBio-hub Research-Center, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 6 Iuliu Maniu Boulevard, Campus Building, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- eBio-hub Research-Center, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 6 Iuliu Maniu Boulevard, Campus Building, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Kiat Hwa Chan
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, 16 College Avenue West, Singapore 138527, Singapore
- NUS College, National University of Singapore, 18 College Avenue East, Singapore 138593, Singapore
| | - Florina Silvia Iliescu
- National Research and Development Institute in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Ciprian Iliescu
- National Research and Development Institute in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
- eBio-hub Research-Center, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 6 Iuliu Maniu Boulevard, Campus Building, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
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Vintila IS, Ghitman J, Iovu H, Paraschiv A, Cucuruz A, Mihai D, Popa IF. A Microvascular System Self-Healing Approach on Polymeric Composite Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142798. [PMID: 35890572 PMCID: PMC9321720 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper addresses the synthesis of a nano-fibre network by coaxial electrospinning, embedding the healing agent dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibres. Compared to other encapsulation methods, the use of nano-fibres filled with healing agent have no effect on the mechanical properties of the matrix and can address a larger healing area. Additionally, carbon nanotubes were added as nanofillers to enhance the reactivity between DCPD and the epoxydic matrix. The self-healing capability of the nano-fibre network was carried out by flexural tests, at epoxy resin level and composite level. Results obtained from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the successful encapsulation of DCPD healing agent in PAN fibres. Flexural tests indicate that after 48 h, the epoxy resin has recovered 84% of its flexural strength while the composite material recovered 93%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionut Sebastian Vintila
- National Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI, 220D Iuliu Maniu Avenue, 061126 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (D.M.); (I.F.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-726998218
| | - Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Horia Iovu
- Department of Bioresources and Polymer Science, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Paraschiv
- National Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI, 220D Iuliu Maniu Avenue, 061126 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (D.M.); (I.F.P.)
| | - Andreia Cucuruz
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dragos Mihai
- National Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI, 220D Iuliu Maniu Avenue, 061126 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (D.M.); (I.F.P.)
| | - Ionut Florian Popa
- National Research and Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI, 220D Iuliu Maniu Avenue, 061126 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (D.M.); (I.F.P.)
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5
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Cojocaru E, Ghitman J, Stan R. Electrospun-Fibrous-Architecture-Mediated Non-Viral Gene Therapy Drug Delivery in Regenerative Medicine. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132647. [PMID: 35808692 PMCID: PMC9269101 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene-based therapy represents the latest advancement in medical biotechnology. The principle behind this innovative approach is to introduce genetic material into specific cells and tissues to stimulate or inhibit key signaling pathways. Although enormous progress has been achieved in the field of gene-based therapy, challenges connected to some physiological impediments (e.g., low stability or the inability to pass the cell membrane and to transport to the desired intracellular compartments) still obstruct the exploitation of its full potential in clinical practices. The integration of gene delivery technologies with electrospun fibrous architectures represents a potent strategy that may tackle the problems of stability and local gene delivery, being capable to promote a controlled and proficient release and expression of therapeutic genes in the targeted cells, improving the therapeutic outcomes. This review aims to outline the impact of electrospun-fibrous-architecture-mediated gene therapy drug delivery, and it emphatically discusses the latest advancements in their formulation and the therapeutic outcomes of these systems in different fields of regenerative medicine, along with the main challenges faced towards the translation of promising academic results into tangible products with clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cojocaru
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Raluca Stan
- Department of Organic Chemistry “C. Nenitzescu”, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
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Ghitman J, Pircalabioru GG, Zainea A, Marutescu L, Iovu H, Vasile E, Stavarache C, Vasile BS, Stan R. Macrophage-targeted mannose-decorated PLGA-vegetable oil hybrid nanoparticles loaded with anti-inflammatory agents. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112423. [PMID: 35231685 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This work pledge to extend the therapeutic windows of hybrid nanoparticulate systems by engineering mannose-decorated hybrid nanoparticles based on poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and vegetable oil for efficient delivery of two lipophilic anti-inflammatory therapeutics (Celecoxib-CL and Indomethacin-IMC) to macrophages. The mannose surface modification of nanoparticles is achieved via O-palmitoyl-mannose spacer during the emulsification and nanoparticles assembly process. The impact of targeting motif on the hydrodynamic features (RH, PdI), stability (ζ-potential), drug encapsulation efficiency (DEE) is thoroughly investigated. Besides, the in vitro biocompatibility (MTT, LDH) and susceptibility of mannose-decorated formulations to macrophage as well their immunomodulatory activity (ELISA) are also evaluated. The monomodal distributed mannose-decorated nanoparticles are in the range of nanometric size (RH < 115 nm) with PdI < 0.20 and good encapsulation efficiency (DEE = 46.15% for CL and 76.20% for IMC). The quantitative investigation of macrophage uptake shows a 2-fold increase in fluorescence (RFU) of cells treated with mannose-decorated formulations as compared to non-decorated ones (p < 0.001) suggesting an enhanced cell uptake respectively improved macrophage targeting while the results of ELISA experiments suggest the potential immunomodulatory properties of the designed mannose-decorated hybrid formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Zainea
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luminita Marutescu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei Street, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugeniu Vasile
- Department of Oxide Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Stavarache
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Stefan Vasile
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National Research Center for Food Safety, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Stan
- Department of Organic Chemistry "C. Nenitzescu", University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
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7
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Cojocaru E, Ghitman J, Pircalabioru GG, Stavarache C, Serafim A, Vasile E, Iovu H. Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes Based on Citric Acid-Functionalized Chitosan Containing rGO-TEPA with Potential Application in Wound Dressings. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:294. [PMID: 35054703 PMCID: PMC8778993 DOI: 10.3390/polym14020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present research work is focused on the design and investigation of electrospun composite membranes based on citric acid-functionalized chitosan (CsA) containing reduced graphene oxide-tetraethylene pentamine (CsA/rGO-TEPA) as materials with opportune bio-properties for applications in wound dressings. The covalent functionalization of chitosan (CS) with citric acid (CA) was achieved through the EDC/NHS coupling system and was checked by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and FTIR spectrometry. The mixtures to be electrospun were formulated by adding three concentrations of rGO-TEPA into the 1/1 (w/w) CsA/poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) solution. The effect of rGO-TEPA concentration on the morphology, wettability, thermal stability, cytocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and anti-biofilm activity of the nanofibrous membranes was extensively investigated. FTIR and Raman results confirmed the covalent and non-covalent interactions that appeared between the system's compounds, and the exfoliation of rGO-TEPA sheets within the CsA in the presence of PEO (CsA/P) polymer matrix, respectively. SEM analysis emphasized the nanofibrous architecture of membranes and the presence of rGO-TEPA sheets entrapped into the CsA nanofiber structure. The MTT cellular viability assay showed a good cytocompatibility with the highest level of cell development and proliferation registered for the CsA/P composite nanofibrous membrane with 0.250 wt.% rGO-TEPA. The designed nanofibrous membranes could have potential applications in wound dressings, given that they showed a good anti-biofilm activity against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cojocaru
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (E.C.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (E.C.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristina Stavarache
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (E.C.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (A.S.)
- “C. D. Nenitescu” Institute of Organic Chemistry, 202-B Splaiul Independentei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrada Serafim
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (E.C.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Eugeniu Vasile
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (E.C.); (J.G.); (C.S.); (A.S.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
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Ciocan LT, Ghitman J, Vasilescu VG, Iovu H. Mechanical Properties of Polymer-Based Blanks for Machined Dental Restorations. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14237293. [PMID: 34885448 PMCID: PMC8658077 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The tremendous technological and dental material progress led to a progressive advancement of treatment technologies and materials in restorative dentistry and prosthodontics. In this approach, CAD/CAM restorations have proven to be valuable restorative dental materials in both provisional and definitive restoration, owing to multifarious design, improved and highly tunable mechanical, physical and morphological properties. Thus far, the dentistry market offers a wide range of CAD/CAM restorative dental materials with highly sophisticated design and proper characteristics for a particular clinical problem or multiple dentistry purposes. The main goal of this research study was to comparatively investigate the micro-mechanical properties of various CAD/CAM restorations, which are presented on the market and used in clinical dentistry. Among the investigated dental specimens, hybrid ceramic-based CAD/CAM presented the highest micro-mechanical properties, followed by CAD/CAM PMMA-graphene, while the lowest micro-mechanical features were registered for CAD/CAM multilayered PMMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucian Toma Ciocan
- Department of Prosthetics Technology and Dental Materials, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (L.T.C.); (V.G.V.)
| | - Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Vlad Gabriel Vasilescu
- Department of Prosthetics Technology and Dental Materials, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (L.T.C.); (V.G.V.)
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
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Stanescu PO, Radu IC, Leu Alexa R, Hudita A, Tanasa E, Ghitman J, Stoian O, Tsatsakis A, Ginghina O, Zaharia C, Shtilman M, Mezhuev Y, Galateanu B. Novel chitosan and bacterial cellulose biocomposites tailored with polymeric nanoparticles for modern wound dressing development. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:1932-1950. [PMID: 34550033 PMCID: PMC8462918 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1977423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dressing biomaterials play a key role in wound management keeping a moisture medium and protecting against external factors. Natural and synthetic materials could be used as dressings where chitosan and bacterial cellulose is one of the most important solutions. These biopolymers have been used for wound dressing based on their non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible features. In this study, biocomposites based on bacterial cellulose and chitosan membranes tailored with antimicrobial loaded poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/polyvinyl alcohol nanoparticles were prepared. Core-shell polymeric nanoparticles, bacterial cellulose/chitosan membranes, and biocomposites were independently loaded with silver sulfadiazine, a well-known sulfonamide antibacterial agent used in the therapy of mild-to-moderate infections for sensitive organisms. The chemistry, structure, morphology, and size distribution were investigated by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), RAMAN spectroscopy, Scanning electron (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). In vitro release behaviors of silver sulfadiazine from polymeric nanoparticles and biocomposites were investigated. The biological investigations revealed good biocompatibility of both the nanoparticles and the biocomposites in terms of human dermal fibroblasts viability and proliferation potential. Finally, the drug-loaded polymeric biomaterials showed promising characteristics, proving their high potential as an alternative support to develop a biocompatible and antibacterial wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul-Octavian Stanescu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionut-Cristian Radu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rebeca Leu Alexa
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ariana Hudita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugenia Tanasa
- Department of Physics, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Stoian
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Octav Ginghina
- Department of Surgery, "Sf. Ioan" Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.,Department II, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalin Zaharia
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mikhail Shtilman
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Mezhuev
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bianca Galateanu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Cojocaru E, Ghitman J, Biru EI, Pircalabioru GG, Vasile E, Iovu H. Synthesis and Characterization of Electrospun Composite Scaffolds Based on Chitosan-Carboxylated Graphene Oxide with Potential Biomedical Applications. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:2535. [PMID: 34068207 PMCID: PMC8153126 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This research study reports the development of chitosan/carboxylated graphene oxide (CS/GO-COOH) composite scaffolds with nanofibrous architecture using the electrospinning method. The concept of designed composite fibrous material is based on bringing together the biological properties of CS, mechanical, electrical, and biological characteristics of GO-COOH with the versatility and efficiency of ultra-modern electrospinning techniques. Three different concentrations of GO-COOH were added into a chitosan (CS)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) solution (the ratio between CS/PEO was 3/7 (w/w)) and were used in the synthesis process of composite scaffolds. The effect of GO-COOH concentration on the spinnability, morphological and mechanical features, wettability, and biological properties of engineered fibrous scaffolds was thoroughly investigated. FTIR results revealed the non-covalent and covalent interactions that could take place between the system's components. The SEM micrographs highlighted the nanofibrous architecture of scaffolds, and the presence of GO-COOH sheets along the composite CS/GO-COOH nanofibers. The size distribution graphs showed a decreasing trend in the mean diameter of composite nanofibers with the increase in GO-COOH content, from 141.40 nm for CS/PG 0.1% to 119.88 nm for CS/PG 0.5%. The dispersion of GO-COOH led to composite scaffolds with increased elasticity; the Young's modulus of CS/PG 0.5% (84 ± 4.71 MPa) was 7.5-fold lower as compared to CS/PEO (662 ± 15.18 MPa, p < 0.0001). Contact angle measurements showed that both GO-COOH content and crosslinking step influenced the surface wettability of scaffolds, leading to materials with ~1.25-fold higher hydrophobicity. The in vitro cytocompatibility assessment showed that the designed nanofibrous scaffolds showed a reasonable cellular proliferation level after 72 h of contact with the fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cojocaru
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (E.C.); (J.G.); (E.I.B.)
| | - Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (E.C.); (J.G.); (E.I.B.)
| | - Elena Iuliana Biru
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (E.C.); (J.G.); (E.I.B.)
| | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Eugeniu Vasile
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (E.C.); (J.G.); (E.I.B.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
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Ghitman J, Biru EI, Cojocaru E, Pircalabioru GG, Vasile E, Iovu H. Design of new bioinspired GO-COOH decorated alginate/gelatin hybrid scaffolds with nanofibrous architecture: structural, mechanical and biological investigations. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13653-13665. [PMID: 35423873 PMCID: PMC8697576 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01432c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The current research study deals with the design and investigation of novel bioinspired and biocompatible GO-COOH decorated hybrid polymeric scaffolds with nanofibrous architecture as biomaterials with highly appropriate features for functional restoration of damaged tissue. Gelatin and alginate, two biobased-polymers with excellent biocompatibility, high microenvironment biomimicry and ability for proper guidance of cell development in combination with carboxylated graphene oxide (GO-COOH), embody the matrix of electrospun hybrid scaffolds. The underlying principle is based on various types of interactions that can take place between the functionalities of the system's entities (proved by DLS) and their synergy in improving the structural integrity, mechanical tailorability and biological performances of the new nanofibrous GO-COOH decorated hybrid scaffolds. The nanofibrous structure along with the presence of GO-COOH are established by SEM. The new covalent bonds formed between various functionalities of the protein-polysaccharide-GO-COOH system are proved by FTIR and XPS. The physico-chemical state of GO-COOH lattices within the hybrid structures is investigated by Raman spectrometry. The interpenetrated network of bicomponent structures determines a 10-fold increase of Young's modulus as compared to monocomponent counterparts while the dispersion of GO-COOH significantly increases the elasticity of materials. The biological results (MTT and LDH assays) indicate a good cytocompatibility of crosslinked bicomponent AGS scaffolds; the metabolic cellular activity is substantially improved following the GO-COOH addition, suggesting that GO-COOH can support the cell adhesion, growth and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest 1-7 Gh Polizu Street 011061 Bucharest Romania
| | - Elena Iuliana Biru
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest 1-7 Gh Polizu Street 011061 Bucharest Romania
| | - Elena Cojocaru
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest 1-7 Gh Polizu Street 011061 Bucharest Romania
| | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest 050095 Bucharest Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest 050095 Bucharest Romania
| | - Eugeniu Vasile
- Department of Oxide Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest 1-7 Gh. Polizu 060042 Bucharest Romania
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest 1-7 Gh Polizu Street 011061 Bucharest Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists 54 Splaiul Independentei Street 050094 Bucharest Romania
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Olaret
- Advanced Polymer Materials GroupUniversity Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
| | - Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials GroupUniversity Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials GroupUniversity Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
| | - Andrada Serafim
- Advanced Polymer Materials GroupUniversity Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
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Ghitman J, Stan R, Cecoltan S, Chifiriuc MC, Iovu H. Hybrid nanocarriers based on PLGA-vegetable oil: A novel approach for high lipophilic drug delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Lungu A, Ghitman J, Cernencu AI, Serafim A, Florea NM, Vasile E, Iovu H. POSS-containing hybrid nanomaterials based on thiol-epoxy click reaction. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ghitman J, Stan R, Ghebaur A, Cecoltan S, Vasile E, Iovu H. Novel PEG-Modified Hybrid PLGA-Vegetable Oils Nanostructured Carriers for Improving Performances of Indomethacin Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10060579. [PMID: 30966613 PMCID: PMC6403762 DOI: 10.3390/polym10060579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to more exhaustively study the influence of nanocarrier matrix composition and also the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified surface on the performances of formulations as lipophilic drug delivery systems. Poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide), two vegetable oils (Nigella sativa oil and Echium oil) and indomethacin were employed to prepare novel PEG-coated nanocarriers through emulsion solvent evaporation method. The surface modification was achieved by physical PEG adsorption (in the post-production step). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) nanographs highlighted the core-shell structure of hybrid formulations while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed no obvious morphological changes after PEG adsorption. Drug loading (DL) and entrapment efficiency (EE) varied from 4.6% to 16.4% and 28.7% to 61.4%, solely depending on the type of polymeric matrix. The oil dispersion within hybrid matrix determined a more amorphous structure, as was emphasized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations. The release studies highlighted the oil effect upon the ability of nanocarrier to discharge in a more sustained manner the encapsulated drug. Among the kinetic models employed, the Weibull and Korsmeyer-Peppas models showed the better fit (R2 = 0.999 and 0.981) with n < 0.43 indicating a Fickian type release pattern. According to cytotoxic assessment the PEG presence on the surface increased the cellular viability with ~1.5 times as compared to uncoated formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ghitman
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Raluca Stan
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-5 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Adi Ghebaur
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Sergiu Cecoltan
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Eugeniu Vasile
- Department of Oxide Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei Street, 050094 Bucharest, Romania.
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