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Tong J, Li SS, Pang Y, Gao MQ. [Advances in the co-signal molecular function of Mtb-specific T lymphocytes]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2024; 47:275-281. [PMID: 38448182 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20230823-00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Costimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors on T lymphocytes play an essential role in the immune response. There is increasing evidence that the expression of co-signal molecules on T cells is altered in infection, tumor, autoimmunity, and other diseases, and that intervention of co-signal molecules can be used in the immunotherapy. This paper reviewed the costimulatory and coinhibitory receptors on Mtb-specific T lymphocytes and further explained the mechanism of co-signal molecules in the progression of tuberculosis, to provide a reference for future research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tong
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - S S Li
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Y Pang
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - M Q Gao
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
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Kalloniatis M, Wang H, Phu J, Tong J, Armitage J. Optical coherence tomography angiography in the diagnosis of ocular disease. Clin Exp Optom 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38452795 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2024.2323603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical imaging provided by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its variant, OCT-angiography (OCT-A), has revolutionised eyecare practice. The imaging techniques allow for the identification and quantification of ocular structures, supporting the diagnosis and prognosis of eye disease. In this review, an overview of the usefulness of OCT-A imaging in the diagnosis and management of a range of ocular conditions is provided when used in isolation or in combination with other imaging modalities and measures of visual function (visual field results). OCT-A imaging has the capacity to identify and quantify ocular vasculature non-invasively, thereby assisting the clinician in the diagnosis or to determine the efficacy of intervention in ocular conditions impacting retinal vasculature. Thus, additional clinically useful information can be obtained in eye diseases involving conditions such as those impacting retinal vessel occlusion, in diabetic retinopathy, inherited retinal dystrophy, age-related macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularisation and optic nerve disorders. Through a clinical case series, various ocular conditions are reviewed, and the impact of OCT-A imaging is discussed. Although OCT-A imaging has great promise and is already used in clinical management, there is a lack of set standards to characterise altered vascular features in disease and consequently for prognostication, primarily due to a lack of large-scale clinical trials and variability in OCT-A algorithms when generating quantitative parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kalloniatis
- School of Medicine (Optometry), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Henrietta Wang
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Jack Phu
- School of Medicine (Optometry), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Janelle Tong
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - James Armitage
- School of Medicine (Optometry), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
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Tong J, Alonso-Caneiro D, Kugelman J, Phu J, Khuu SK, Kalloniatis M. Characterisation of the normal human ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer using widefield optical coherence tomography. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024; 44:457-471. [PMID: 37990841 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe variations in ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness in a healthy cohort from widefield optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. METHODS Widefield OCT scans spanning 55° × 45° were acquired from 470 healthy eyes. The GCIPL was automatically segmented using deep learning methods. Thickness measurements were extracted after correction for warpage and retinal tilt. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to discern trends between global GCIPL thickness and age, axial length and sex. To further characterise age-related change, hierarchical and two-step cluster algorithms were applied to identify locations sharing similar ageing properties, and rates of change were quantified using regression analyses with data pooled by cluster analysis outcomes. RESULTS Declines in widefield GCIPL thickness with age, increasing axial length and female sex were observed (parameter estimates -0.053, -0.436 and -0.464, p-values <0.001, <0.001 and 0.02, respectively). Cluster analyses revealed concentric, slightly nasally displaced, horseshoe patterns of age-related change in the GCIPL, with up to four statistically distinct clusters outside the macula. Linear regression analyses revealed significant ageing decline in GCIPL thickness across all clusters, with faster rates of change observed at central locations when expressed as absolute (slope = -0.19 centrally vs. -0.04 to -0.12 peripherally) and percentage rates of change (slope = -0.001 centrally vs. -0.0005 peripherally). CONCLUSIONS Normative variations in GCIPL thickness from widefield OCT with age, axial length and sex were noted, highlighting factors worth considering in further developments. Widefield OCT has promising potential to facilitate quantitative detection of abnormal GCIPL outside standard fields of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Alonso-Caneiro
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason Kugelman
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jack Phu
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Concord Clinical School, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine (Optometry), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sieu K Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine (Optometry), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
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Duan XL, Hu LB, Wang YL, Tong J, Ding P, Geng ML, Tao SM, Tao FB, Wu XY. [Relationship between sleep status and occasional hypertension in preschool children in three provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 58:208-212. [PMID: 38387952 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230720-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the prevalence of occasional hypertension in preschool children in three provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China, and analyze the relationship between their sleep status and occasional hypertension. Methods: From October to November 2017, a total of 24 842 preschool children from 109 kindergartens in 11 cities in Hubei, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces were selected by intentional sampling method. A self-made questionnaire was used to collect basic information about the subjects, and the sleep status data was collected by the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Physical examinations were performed on the subjects, and height, weight and blood pressure were measured on-site. The difference in occasional hypertension detection rate among preschool children with different characteristics was compared, and the correlation between sleep status and occasional hypertension detection rate was analyzed by the multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The age of the subjects was (4.4±1.0) years, including 12 729 boys (51.2%). The prevalence of occasional hypertension was 31.8% (7 907/24 842). The prevalence of occasional hypertension among preschool children in three provinces of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was 31.8%. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of occasional hypertension among preschool children of different genders, age groups, family residence, family economic status and parents' education level (all P values<0.05). The detection rate of occasional hypertension in children with less than 10 hours of sleep was higher than those with sufficient sleep, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for factors such as gender, age, family residence, family economic status, parental education level, parental smoking history, and physical constitution, the ORs (95%CI) for less than 10 hours of sleep, turning on the lights while sleeping, and poor sleep quality were 1.09 (1.03-1.15), 1.17 (1.07-1.28) and 1.04 (0.91-1.18), respectively, compared with the corresponding reference group. Conclusion: The detection rate of occasional hypertension is high in preschool children in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and there is a positive correlation between insufficient sleep and turning on the light when sleeping and occasional hypertension in preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Duan
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - L B Hu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Y L Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - J Tong
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Medical University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei 230032, China
| | - P Ding
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Medical University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei 230032, China
| | - M L Geng
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Medical University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei 230032, China
| | - S M Tao
- Anhui Medical University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei 230032, China
| | - F B Tao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Medical University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei 230032, China
| | - X Y Wu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Medical University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei 230032, China
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Li H, Tong J, Tao FB. [Maternal mobile phone screen time during pregnancy and children's internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:2196-2200. [PMID: 38186176 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230306-00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The behavioral problems of children and adolescents are becoming more and more serious, and the prevalence rate is increasing year by year. The overall trend is increasing, which has become one of the important public health issues of global concern. There are many influencing factors for behavioral problems in children and adolescents, including genetic, psychosocial, family and early life environment. Among them, maternal screen exposure during pregnancy is a contributing factor that deserves attention and has practical intervention significance. This study systematically evaluated the association between maternal mobile phone screen time during pregnancy and children's internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems, its potential biological mechanisms and relevant intervention measures, in order to create a good intrauterine environment for fetal neurodevelopment and further reduce the occurrence of children's behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycl/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health&Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, China
| | - J Tong
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycl/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health&Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, China
| | - F B Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycl/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health&Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, China
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Huang S, Griffin E, Cai J, Xin B, Tong J, Fu Y, Kravets V, Peeters FM, Lozada-Hidalgo M. Gate-controlled suppression of light-driven proton transport through graphene electrodes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6932. [PMID: 37907470 PMCID: PMC10618495 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent experiments demonstrated that proton transport through graphene electrodes can be accelerated by over an order of magnitude with low intensity illumination. Here we show that this photo-effect can be suppressed for a tuneable fraction of the infra-red spectrum by applying a voltage bias. Using photocurrent measurements and Raman spectroscopy, we show that such fraction can be selected by tuning the Fermi energy of electrons in graphene with a bias, a phenomenon controlled by Pauli blocking of photo-excited electrons. These findings demonstrate a dependence between graphene's electronic and proton transport properties and provide fundamental insights into molecularly thin electrode-electrolyte interfaces and their interaction with light.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - E Griffin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - J Cai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073, China
| | - B Xin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - J Tong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Y Fu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - V Kravets
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - F M Peeters
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidade Federal do Ceara, 60455-900, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
- Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - M Lozada-Hidalgo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Research and Innovation Center for graphene and 2D materials (RIC2D), Khalifa University, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Tong J, Khou V, Trinh M, Alonso‐Caneiro D, Zangerl B, Kalloniatis M. Derivation of human retinal cell densities using high-density, spatially localized optical coherence tomography data from the human retina. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:1108-1125. [PMID: 37073514 PMCID: PMC10953454 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to identify demographic variations in retinal thickness measurements from optical coherence tomography (OCT), to enable the calculation of cell density parameters across the neural layers of the healthy human macula. From macular OCTs (n = 247), ganglion cell (GCL), inner nuclear (INL), and inner segment-outer segment (ISOS) layer measurements were extracted using a customized high-density grid. Variations with age, sex, ethnicity, and refractive error were assessed with multiple linear regression analyses, with age-related distributions further assessed using hierarchical cluster analysis and regression models. Models were tested on a naïve healthy cohort (n = 40) with Mann-Whitney tests to determine generalizability. Quantitative cell density data were calculated from histological data from previous human studies. Eccentricity-dependent variations in OCT retinal thickness closely resemble topographic cell density maps from human histological studies. Age was consistently identified as significantly impacting retinal thickness (p = .0006, .0007, and .003 for GCL, INL and ISOS), with gender affecting ISOS only (p < .0001). Regression models demonstrated that age-related changes in the GCL and INL begin in the 30th decade and were linear for the ISOS. Model testing revealed significant differences in INL and ISOS thickness (p = .0008 and .0001; however, differences fell within the OCT's axial resolution. Qualitative comparisons show close alignment between OCT and histological cell densities when using unique, high-resolution OCT data, and correction for demographics-related variability. Overall, this study describes a process to calculate in vivo cell density from OCT for all neural layers of the human retina, providing a framework for basic science and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye HealthUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Vincent Khou
- Centre for Eye HealthUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Matt Trinh
- Centre for Eye HealthUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - David Alonso‐Caneiro
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceCentre for Vision and Eye ResearchContact Lens and Visual Optics LaboratoryQueensland University of TechnologyQueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- School of Science, Technology and EngineeringUniversity of Sunshine CoastQueenslandSippy DownsAustralia
| | - Barbara Zangerl
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- Coronary Care UnitRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalNew South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- Centre for Eye HealthUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)New South WalesSydneyAustralia
- Department of OptometrySchool of MedicineDeakin UniversityVictoriaWaurn PondsAustralia
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Zhu J, Guo D, Jin L, Zhou T, Shan S, Zhu H, Zhang L, Tong J, Shen Y. Comparison of higher-order aberrations between implantable collamer lens V4c implantation and simulated spectacle correction in patients with high myopia. J Fr Ophtalmol 2023:S0181-5512(23)00145-6. [PMID: 37149460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the differences in higher-order aberrations between non-toric or toric implantable collamer lens (ICL or TICL) V4c implantation and simulated spectacle correction. METHODS Patients with high myopia who underwent ICL/TICL V4c implantation were enrolled. The "total no defocus" pattern of iTrace aberrometry to simulate the condition of spectacle correction was measured before ICL/TICL implantation, and higher-order aberrations in this condition were compared to those 3 months after surgery. Related factors with changes in coma were comprehensively analyzed. RESULTS A total of 89 right eyes of 89 patients were included. Compared to simulated spectacle correction, total-eye coma (P<0.0001 ICL, P<0.0001 TICL) and internal coma (P<0.0001 ICL, P<0.001 TICL) decreased in the ICL- and TICL-treated groups after surgery. Total-eye secondary astigmatism (P<0.0001 ICL, P=0.007 TICL) and internal secondary astigmatism (P<0.0001 ICL, P=0.009 TICL) were also decreased in both groups postoperatively. Spherical error showed positive correlations with variation in total-eye coma (r=0.37, P=0.004 ICL; r=0.56, P=0.001 TICL) and internal coma (r=0.30, P=0.02 ICL and r=0.45, P=0.01 TICL). Axial length revealed negative correlations with changes in total-eye coma (r=-0.45, P<0.001 ICL; r=-0.39, P=0.03 TICL) and internal coma (r=-0.28, P=0.03 ICL and r=-0.42, P=0.02 TICL). CONCLUSIONS Both ICL- and TICL-treated groups demonstrated a decrease in coma and secondary astigmatism after 3 months, postoperatively. ICL/TICL may confer a compensatory effect on coma aberration and secondary astigmatism. Patients with a higher myopia achieved a greater improvement in coma and may benefit more from ICL/TICL implantation than from spectacle correction implantation than from spectacle correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - D Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - L Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - T Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - S Shan
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - H Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - J Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
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Tong J, Phu J, Alonso‐Caneiro D, Khuu SK, Kalloniatis M. High sampling resolution optical coherence tomography reveals potential concurrent reductions in ganglion cell-inner plexiform and inner nuclear layer thickness but not in outer retinal thickness in glaucoma. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2023; 43:46-63. [PMID: 36416369 PMCID: PMC10947055 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived inner nuclear layer (INL) and outer retinal complex (ORC) measurements relative to ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) measurements in glaucoma. METHODS Glaucoma participants (n = 271) were categorised by 10-2 visual field defect type. Differences in GCIPL, INL and ORC thickness were calculated between glaucoma and matched healthy eyes (n = 548). Hierarchical cluster algorithms were applied to generate topographic patterns of retinal thickness change, with agreement between layers assessed using Cohen's kappa (κ). Differences in GCIPL, INL and ORC thickness within and outside GCIPL regions showing the greatest reductions and Spearman's correlations between layer pairs were compared with 10-2 mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) to determine trends with glaucoma severity. RESULTS Glaucoma participants with inferior and superior defects presented with concordant GCIPL and INL defects demonstrating mostly fair-to-moderate agreement (κ = 0.145-0.540), which was not observed in eyes with no or ring defects (κ = -0.067-0.230). Correlations (r) with MD and PSD were moderate and weak in GCIPL and INL thickness differences, respectively (GCIPL vs. MD r = 0.479, GCIPL vs. PSD r = -0.583, INL vs. MD r = 0.259, INL vs. PSD r = -0.187, p = <0.0001-0.002), and weak in GCIPL-INL correlations (MD r = 0.175, p = 0.004 and PSD r = 0.154, p = 0.01). No consistent patterns in ORC thickness or correlations were observed. CONCLUSIONS In glaucoma, concordant reductions in macular INL and GCIPL thickness can be observed, but reductions in ORC thickness appear unlikely. These findings suggest that trans-synaptic retrograde degeneration may occur in glaucoma and could indicate the usefulness of INL thickness in evaluating glaucomatous damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye HealthUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyAustralia
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Jack Phu
- Centre for Eye HealthUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyAustralia
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - David Alonso‐Caneiro
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sieu K. Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- School of Optometry and Vision ScienceUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyAustralia
- School of Medicine (Optometry)Deakin UniversityWaurn PondsVictoriaAustralia
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Tong J, Phu J, Alonso-Caneiro D, Khuu SK, Kalloniatis M. Author Response: Expected Improvement in Structure-Function Agreement With Macular Displacement Models. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:15. [PMID: 36219161 PMCID: PMC9580221 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.10.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jack Phu
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Alonso-Caneiro
- Queensland University of Technology, Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sieu K Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia. e-mail:
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Douville C, Nobles C, Hwang H, Katerov V, Gainullin V, Tong J, Ushakov K, Koenig A, Guttman H, Jaime M, Wang J, Ault W, Gray M, Cerqueira G, Lengauer C, Garces J, McElhinny A, Allawi H, Diehl F. 73P Multi-cancer early detection through evaluation of aneuploidy, methylation, and protein biomarkers in plasma. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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12
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Luo L, Tong J, Li L, Jin M. [Xenon post-conditioning protects against spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by downregulating mTOR pathway and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced neuronal apoptosis]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2022; 42:1256-1262. [PMID: 36073227 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.08.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether xenon post-conditioning affects mTOR signaling as well as endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-apoptosis pathway in rats with spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS Fifty male rats were randomized equally into sham-operated group (Sham group), I/R model group (I/R group), I/R model+ xenon post-conditioning group (Xe group), I/R model+rapamycin (a mTOR signaling pathway inhibitor) treatment group (I/R+ Rapa group), and I/R model + xenon post- conditioning with rapamycin treatment group (Xe + Rapa group).. In the latter 4 groups, SCIRI was induced by clamping the abdominal aorta for 85 min followed by reperfusion for 4 h. Rapamycin (or vehicle) was administered by daily intraperitoneal injection (4 mg/kg) for 3 days before SCIRI, and xenon post-conditioning by inhalation of 1∶1 mixture of xenon and oxygen for 1 h at 1 h after initiation of reperfusion; the rats without xenon post-conditioning were given inhalation of nitrogen and oxygen (1∶ 1). After the reperfusion, motor function and histopathologic changes in the rats were examined. Western blotting and real-time PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1α, PERK, mTOR, p-mTOR, Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 in the spinal cord. RESULTS The rats showed significantly lowered hind limb motor function following SCIRI (P < 0.01) with a decreased count of normal neurons, increased mRNA and protein expressions of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1α, PERK, and caspase-3, and elevated p-mTOR/mTOR ratio and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (P < 0.01). Xenon post-conditioning significantly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1α, PERK and caspase-3 (P < 0.05 or 0.01) and reduced p-mTOR/mTOR and Bax/Bcl-2 ratios (P < 0.01) in rats with SCIRI; the mRNA contents and protein levels of GRP78 and ATF6 were significantly decreased in I/R+Rapa group (P < 0.01). Compared with those in Xe group, the rats in I/R+Rapa group and Xe+Rapa had significantly lowered BBB and Tarlov scores of the hind legs (P < 0.01), and caspase-3 protein level and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were significantly lowered in Xe+Rapa group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). CONCLUSION By inhibiting ERS and neuronal apoptosis, xenon post- conditioning may have protective effects against SCIRI in rats. The mTOR signaling pathway is partially involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - J Tong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - M Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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Liu LL, Tong J, Wang B. [Progress in the clinical treatment of alcoholic hepatitis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2022; 30:672-675. [PMID: 36038332 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20210102-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic hepatitis is a severe and life-threatening systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which has a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide. The severity ranges from asymptomatic liver biochemical disturbances to fulminant liver failure or death; however, there are few effective therapeutic interventions. Maddrey discriminant function not only predicts short-term mortality, but it also guides clinicians to choose appropriate alcoholic hepatitis-specific treatments. Alcohol abstinence, nutritional support, psychological counseling, and infection prevention remain the cornerstones for alcoholic hepatitis treatment. Corticosteroids remain the mainstay of treatment when patients have a good appetite and normal serum creatinine levels, but early liver transplantation is the only life-saving option for steroid-unresponsive patients. New studies have found that gut microbiota is an important therapeutic targets in patients with alcohol hepatitis, and N-acetylcysteine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and metadoxine as adjunctive therapy have a positive effect on patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441021, China
| | - J Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Bingyuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Tong J, Alonso-Caneiro D, Kalloniatis M, Zangerl B. Prediction of visual field defects from macular optical coherence tomography in glaucoma using cluster analysis. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2022; 42:948-964. [PMID: 35598146 PMCID: PMC9544890 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To assess the accuracy of cluster analysis‐based models in predicting visual field (VF) defects from macular ganglion cell‐inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) measurements in glaucomatous and healthy cohorts. Methods GCIPL measurements were extracted from posterior pole optical coherence tomography (OCT), from locations corresponding to central VF test grids. Models incorporating cluster analysis methods and corrections for age and fovea to optic disc tilt were developed from 493 healthy participants, and 5th and 1st percentile limits of GCIPL thickness were derived. These limits were compared with pointwise 5th and 1st percentile limits by calculating sensitivities and specificities in an additional 40 normal and 37 glaucomatous participants, as well as applying receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses to assess the accuracy of predicting VF results from co‐localised GCIPL measurements. Results Clustered models demonstrated globally low sensitivity, but high specificity in the glaucoma cohort (0.28–0.53 and 0.77–0.91, respectively), and high specificity in the healthy cohort (0.91–0.98). Clustered models showed similar sensitivities and superior specificities compared with pointwise methods (0.41–0.65 and 0.71–0.98, respectively). There were significant differences in accuracy between clusters, with relatively poor accuracy at peripheral macular locations (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Conclusions Cluster analysis‐based models incorporating age correction and holistic consideration of fovea to optic disc tilt demonstrated superior performance in predicting VF results to pointwise methods in both glaucomatous and healthy eyes. However, relatively low sensitivity and poorer performance at the peripheral macula indicate that OCT in isolation may be insufficient to predict visual function across the macula accurately. With modifications to criteria for abnormality, the concepts suggested by the described normative models may guide prioritisation of VF assessment requirements, with the potential to limit excessive VF testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Alonso-Caneiro
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara Zangerl
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Coronary Care Unit, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Tong J, Phu J, Alonso-Caneiro D, Khuu SK, Kalloniatis M. Prediction of Retinal Ganglion Cell Counts Considering Various Displacement Methods From OCT-Derived Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:13. [PMID: 35575777 PMCID: PMC9123515 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.5.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare various displacement models using midget retinal ganglion cell to cone (mRGC:C) ratios and to determine viability of estimating RGC counts from optical coherence tomography (OCT)–derived ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) measurements. Methods Four Drasdo model variations were applied to macular visual field (VF) stimulus locations: (1) using meridian-specific Henle fiber length along the stimulus circumference; (2) using meridian-specific differences in RGC receptive field and counts along the stimulus circumference; (3) per method (2), averaged across principal meridians; and (4) per method (3), with the stimulus center displaced only. The Sjöstrand model was applied (5) along the stimulus circumference and (6) to the stimulus center only. Eccentricity-dependent mRGC:C ratios were computed over displaced areas, with comparisons to previous models using sum of squares of the residuals (SSR) and root mean square error (RMSE). RGC counts estimated from OCT-derived ganglion cell layer (GCL) and GCIPL measurements, from 143 healthy participants, were compared using Bland–Altman analyses. Results Methods 1, 2, and 5 produced mRGC:C ratios most consistent with previous models (SSR 3.82, 4.07, and 3.02; RMSE 0.22, 0.23, and 0.20), while central mRGC:C ratios were overestimated by method 3 and underestimated by methods 4 and 6. RGC counts predicted from GCIPL measurements were within 16% of GCL-based counts, with no notable bias with increasing RGC counts. Conclusions Sjöstrand displacement and meridian-specific Drasdo displacement applied to VF stimulus circumferences produce mRGC:C ratios consistent with previous models. RGC counts can be estimated from OCT-derived GCIPL measurements. Translational Relevance Implementing appropriate displacement methods and deriving RGC estimates from relevant OCT parameters enables calculation of the number of RGCs responding to VF stimuli from commercial instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Jack Phu
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - David Alonso-Caneiro
- Queensland University of Technology, Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, QLD, Australia
| | - Sieu K Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
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Tong J, Phu J, Alonso-Caneiro D, Khuu SK, Kalloniatis M. Clinical Evaluations of Macular Structure-Function Concordance With and Without Drasdo Displacement. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:18. [PMID: 35438719 PMCID: PMC9034708 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.4.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare concordance between ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) data from the Cirrus optical coherence tomographer (OCT) Ganglion Cell Analysis (GCA) and visual fields (VFs), with and without Drasdo displacement. Methods From 296 open-angle glaucoma participants, GCIPL deviation and raw thickness data were extracted over locations per the 10-2 VF test grid, with and without application of Drasdo displacement, with global and eccentricity-dependent sensitivities and specificities calculated for both. With OCT and VF data classified as within or outside normative limits, pattern deviation values were compared using paired t-tests and Spearman correlations. Regression models were applied to pattern deviation values as a function of GCIPL thickness, and differences in model performance with and without displacement were compared using extra sums-of-squares F tests. Results There were small but significant improvements in global specificity without displacement (0.58-0.59 with displacement and 0.61 without displacement), without notable differences in sensitivity (0.77-0.78 with displacement and 0.76-0.78 without displacement). At abnormal VF locations and without displacement, a higher proportion of correct OCT classifications (P = 0.0008) and significant correlation with worsening pattern deviation values were observed (r = 0.50, P = 0.002). Regression models indicated significantly steeper slopes with Drasdo displacement centrally (P = 0.002-0.04). Conclusions With GCA deviation maps, small improvements in structure-function concordance were observed without displacement, which are unlikely to be clinically meaningful. Using GCIPL thickness data, significantly better structure-function concordance was observed centrally with Drasdo displacement. Translational Relevance Applying Drasdo displacement on probability-based reports is unlikely to alter clinical impressions of structure-function concordance, but applying displacement with GCIPL thickness data may improve detection of structure-function concordance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jack Phu
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Alonso-Caneiro
- Queensland University of Technology, Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sieu K Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Tong J, Yoshioka N, Alonso-Caneiro D, Zangerl B. Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer measurements derived from widefield compared to montaged 9-field optical coherence tomography. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 105:822-830. [PMID: 34791988 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2021.1993058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE With equivalent inner retinal thickness measurements compared to a more conventional composite optical coherence tomography (OCT) protocol, Widefield optical coherence tomography (WF-OCT) is a clinically viable, time-saving option facilitating detection of ocular pathologies within the central 55° of the retina. PURPOSE To compare ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thicknesses obtained using a single WF-OCT scan and standard composite OCT scans acquired in 9 fields of gaze (9F-OCT). METHODS Thirteen healthy participants underwent WF-OCT and 9F-OCT using the Spectralis OCT. The GCIPL was automatically segmented with a manual review for 9F-OCT and was manually segmented for WF-OCT. After registration, differences in GCIPL thicknesses were compared using 95% confidence intervals computed from one-sample t-tests and Bland-Altman analyses. Location-specific differences in B-scan tilt were analysed using Spearman correlations and linear regression models. To determine whether B-scan tilt influences GCIPL measurements, regression models of tilt versus differences between perpendicular and axial GCIPL thickness were applied. RESULTS While scattered locations demonstrated significant GCIPL thickness differences between WF-OCT and 9F-OCT, most differences did not exceed the axial pixel resolution of the instrument of 3.87 µm. Bland-Altman analyses indicated no notable bias using WF-OCT. Moderate correlations indicating significant location-specific differences in B-scan tilt were observed for temporal, central and inferior B-scans (r = -0.62 to 0.72), with linear regression models predicting a maximum difference in the tilt of 4.65°. The quadratic regression model indicated that at tilts greater than 27.3°, perpendicular GCIPL measurements become increasingly thin relative to axial measurements. CONCLUSIONS GCIPL thicknesses and B-scan tilts from WF-OCT are comparable to 9F-OCT, indicating that WF-OCT can be applied clinically to obtain valid inner retinal OCT measurements over 55° of the central retina with relative ease. However, for peripheral locations, B-scan tilt may need to be considered when measuring GCIPL thicknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nayuta Yoshioka
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
| | - David Alonso-Caneiro
- Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Barbara Zangerl
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
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Ding HR, Qian J, Tong J, Tang JN, Lin H, Chu JP, Zhu GQ, Chen F, Liu XB. HSP90 pathway in intermediate mononuclear cells causes plaque erosion via induction of neutrophil hyper-responsiveness. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To explore the function(s) of HSP90 in intermediate monocyte-mediated plaque erosion.
Materials and methods
We used single-cell RNA sequencing to map cardiac immune response composition in patients with plaque rupture and plaque erosion. By focusing our analyses on CD14 positive monocytes, we obtained a higher resolution identification of the immune cell subsets in patients experiencing plaque erosion and rupture. We interpreted our findings with analyses using gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases and by performing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results
Single-cell sequencing analysis of mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood of five ACS patients experiencing plaque erosion and rupture confirmed that CD14 positive monocytes were the main immune cells leading to ACS. Interestingly, our results suggested a significant increase in the proportion of atypical monocytes (C4 subsets) in patients with plaque rupture, which was a novel finding. This increase may be caused by increased migration of atypical monocytes into a plaque during plaque rupture. We found that intermediate monocyte activation was most obvious in patients with plaque erosion (C1, C10, and C11), and the proportion of C1 subgroup monocytes (FCGR3B/CMTM2 double strong positive; subsequently defined as intermediate monocytes) was very high. To further explore the role of C1 subgroup intermediate monocytes in plaque erosion, GO and KEGG pathway analyses were performed. GO analysis indicated that C1 subgroup intermediate monocytes are highly involved in neutrophil metabolism. Because neutrophils are the main effector cells that induce plaque erosion, we reasonably infer that intermediate monocytes can induce plaque erosion. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that all subtypes of HSP90 were highly expressed in C1 subgroup intermediate monocytes. We thus collected peripheral blood from ACS patients with plaque rupture (n=150) and plaque erosion (n=150) for mononuclear cell transcriptomics and intracellular proteomics analysis. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve for HSP90-based prediction was 0.86, indicating that HSP90 could be used to predict if patients would experience plaque erosion.
Conclusion
Activation of intermediate mononuclear HSP90 expression may be the crucial event that induces neutrophil hyper-responsiveness and leads to plaque erosion.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): China,Shanghai Science and Technology Commission
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Ding
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - J Qian
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - J Tong
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - J N Tang
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - H Lin
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - J P Chu
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - G Q Zhu
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - F Chen
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - X B Liu
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai, China
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Wei DM, Jiao HB, Liu YT, Zhao J, Hanbai BYL, Tong J, Wang BY. [Clinical diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2021; 29:861-866. [PMID: 34638205 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20200423-00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the current status of alcoholic hepatitis diagnosis by clinicians' in China. Methods: Clinical data of inpatients confirmed with alcohol-associated liver disease diagnosed at Tongliao Infectious Disease Hospital of Inner Mongolia from June 1, 2018 to May 31, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The consistency of clinical diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis was judged according to the diagnostic criteria recommended by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (USA), and then the alcoholic hepatitis severity assessment model recommended by international guidelines, including Maddrey discriminant function, Model for end-stage liver disease, and Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score and ABIC scores (age, total bilirubin, international normalized ratio and creatinine) were applied to evaluate this group of cases. Results: Among 79 cases with alcohol-associated liver disease, 75 were males and 4 were females, age ranged between 27~75 (51.1±8.8) years. Alcohol consumption varied from 60 g/d to 600g/d, with an average consumption of 148.8 ± 76.6 g/d. The alcohol consumption duration ranged from 4 to 50 [average (23.9 ± 9.6)] years. According to the initial discharge diagnosis, there were 47 and 32 cases in alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic liver cirrhosis group, respectively. The mean erythrocyte volume, serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirubin were increased in alcoholic liver cirrhosis than alcoholic hepatitis group, while albumin and total cholesterol were lowered in alcoholic liver cirrhosis than alcoholic hepatitis group, and coagulation indexes were significantly extended. Alpha-fetoprotein of both groups were in the normal range; however, it was significantly higher in the alcoholic hepatitis group than the alcoholic cirrhosis group. The 10 cases in the alcoholic cirrhosis group met the definition and diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis defined by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (USA), but there was no case in the alcoholic hepatitis group. Among the 10 diagnosed cases of alcoholic hepatitis, 5, 6, 1 and 3 cases met the diagnostic criteria of Maddrey discriminant function, Model for end-stage liver disease, Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score, and ABIC score for severe alcoholic hepatitis, respectively. The Maddrey discriminant function, ABIC score, and Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score within the Model for end-stage liver disease scores> 20 points had 5, 1, and 3 cases, respectively. Conclusion: Alcoholic hepatitis is over-diagnosed by clinicians. Alcoholic hepatitis patients have the base of liver cirrhosis who meet the diagnostic criteria of National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (USA). Patients with Model for end-stage liver disease score > 20 points have good consistency with Maddrey discriminant function score ≥ 32 points, and both can be used to evaluate the alcoholic hepatitis patient clinical severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Wei
- Department of Alcohol-related Liver Diseases, Tongliao Infectious Disease Hospital, Inner Mongolia, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - H B Jiao
- Department of Alcohol-related Liver Diseases, Tongliao Infectious Disease Hospital, Inner Mongolia, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Y T Liu
- Department of Physical Examination Center, the first Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - J Zhao
- Department of Alcohol-related Liver Diseases, Tongliao Infectious Disease Hospital, Inner Mongolia, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - B Y L Hanbai
- Department of Alcohol-related Liver Diseases, Tongliao Infectious Disease Hospital, Inner Mongolia, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - J Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - B Y Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Phu J, Tong J, Kalloniatis M. Intra-session repeatability of anterior chamber depth across the chamber width using Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging in healthy subjects. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2021; 41:1273-1284. [PMID: 34490921 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the importance of anterior chamber depth (ACD) measurements in disease and ageing, the repeatability and their threshold for change is not known. Our purpose was to determine the intra-session repeatability of Pentacam Scheimpflug photography for measuring the ACD across the chamber width in healthy subjects and thus inform expected limits of normality. METHODS Pentacam Scheimpflug photography was used to obtain ACD measurements at 57 points across the central 8mm of the chamber width from one randomly selected eye of 130 healthy (normal vision and no ocular diseases, except age-normal cataracts) subjects (median age 58.0 years, interquartile range 46.3-63.0 years; 48 males, 82 females). Intra-session ACD measurements were compared. Univariate and multivariate linear regression was performed to identify categorical and continuous variables demonstrating a significant relationship with ACD and its repeatability. RESULTS Bland-Altman analyses showed no directional or depth-dependent bias in the difference between the first and second tests (mean bias -0.003 mm, 95% limits of agreement -0.115 to +0.109 mm). Multivariate analysis found gender to be a significant factor (p < 0.0001), but not age (p = 0.69) nor ethnicity (p = 0.65), although the model fit was poor (R2 = 0.004). There were no regional differences in repeatability measures found in males, but six locations in the superior aspect in females were found to be significantly different in their repeatability characteristics. Tolerance limits used to calculate the number of step sizes between <20 and >60-year-old age groups found 8.1-11.5 steps for females, and 7.5-9.2 steps for males. CONCLUSIONS Scheimpflug imaging using the Pentacam has excellent intra-session repeatability. Only gender appeared to affect repeatability characteristics, manifesting with a greater number of meaningful steps of change between two extremes of age range in females compared to males, which provides guidance for identifying clinically significant and measurable change between tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Phu
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
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21
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Tong J, Huang J, Kalloniatis M, Coroneo M, Zangerl B. Clinical Trial: Diurnal IOP Fluctuations in Glaucoma Using Latanoprost and Timolol with Self-Tonometry. Optom Vis Sci 2021; 98:901-913. [PMID: 34393206 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Assessment of treatment efficacy via comparison with a target IOP is fundamental in monitoring patients with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. This article highlights that diurnal IOP fluctuations obtained using self-tonometry may more accurately reflect IOP responses to therapy. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate fluctuations in diurnal IOP measurements in patients with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension treated with latanoprost 0.005% and timolol 0.25%. METHODS In this crossover treatment trial, 14 participants performed self-tonometry with iCare HOME 4 times daily for (1) 1 week using latanoprost, (2) 4 weeks using no medications, and (3) 2 weeks using timolol. Daily peak IOPs, IOP fluctuations, and mean IOPs from different treatments were compared on an individual basis. Treatment efficacy between medications was assessed by comparing mean percentage IOP reductions with latanoprost and timolol across participants. In addition, effects of age, years since commencing latanoprost, sex, and diagnosis were investigated, and peak IOP times were compared with assess impacts on diurnal profiles. RESULTS Between individuals, IOP responses ranged from reductions in peak IOPs, IOP fluctuations, and mean IOPs on both medications to no change in any parameter and medication. IOP fluctuations showed greater mean percentage reductions than did peak and mean IOPs (χ2 = 16.51, P = .002). There were significant associations between years since commencing latanoprost and peak and mean IOP responses on timolol (r = 0.69, P = .007), and sex and relative reductions in IOP fluctuations on both medications (P = .03). There were no differences in peak IOP times between treatment conditions. CONCLUSIONS Despite variability in IOP responses to latanoprost and timolol, IOP fluctuation with self-tonometry was more consistent in evaluating target IOP, reflecting its importance in ascertaining true IOP response to topical therapies. These findings may impact clinical decision making based on target IOP criteria in patients on topical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Minas Coroneo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of New South Wales at Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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22
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Liu YT, Wang W, Tong J, Wang BY. [Relationship between triglyceride-glucose index and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2021; 29:451-455. [PMID: 34107583 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20200615-00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship between triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: 25 535 cases who participated in the health check-ups at the First Hospital of China Medical University from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected as the eligible subjects. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve were used to analyze the relationship between TyG index and NAFLD risk and its diagnostic value for NAFLD. Results: NAFLD prevalence was gradually increased with the increase of the TyG index. After adjusting for other potential influencing factors, compared with the first quarter of TyG in patient with NAFLD, the OR (95%CI) in the second, third, and fourth quarter were 1.677 (1.495 ~ 1.881), 2.707 (2.397 ~ 3.057) and 4.049 (3.482 ~ 4.710), respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the best cut-off value of TyG index for the diagnosis of NAFLD was 6.9, and the area under the curve was 0.816. The sensitivity and specificity were 77.66% and 70.51%, respectively. The combined application of TyG and ALT levels had higher diagnostic value. Conclusion: TyG, as a simple and convenient biosynthetic index, is closely related to the NAFLD. In addition, when the TyG index is ≥6.9, it has a high diagnostic value for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Liu
- Department of Physical Examination Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - W Wang
- Department of Physical Examination Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - J Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - B Y Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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23
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Tong J, Rahmel B, Hsieh JT, Findlay G. Use of computer-aided three-dimensional prototyping to surgically assist in tooth autotransplantation. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 59:1233-1237. [PMID: 34284890 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Autotransplantation is a surgical technique in which a donor tooth belonging to the same individual is repositioned into a surgically prepared socket or site of previous tooth extraction. It is beneficial in patients with teeth affected by agenesis, trauma, significant caries, and in teeth in a non-restorable condition or prognostically poor due to other pathology. It is particularly useful in paediatric patients, as properly transplanted teeth have a vital periodontium that allows for continuous growth and functional adaptation leading to preservation of the alveolar ridge. Technological advances in rapid prototyping combined with three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) have the ability to revolutionise autotransplantation. Preoperative planning for atraumatic extraction of the donor tooth and precise preparation of the recipient site with a rapid prototyped surgical template of the donor tooth considerably reduces the extra-alveolar time, and also reduces manipulation of the root sheath and periodontal ligament, and related trauma. This case series demonstrates the efficient and successful autotransplantation of various types of teeth with the use of a rapid prototyped surgical template produced from 3D CT. The use of this technology is expected to refine the surgical technique and improve treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tong
- The Townsville University Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Townsville 4814 QLD, Australia.
| | - B Rahmel
- The Townsville University Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Townsville 4814 QLD, Australia; Townsville Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, 9-13 Bayswater Road, Townsville 4812 QLD, Australia
| | - J T Hsieh
- Woollongabba Oral Health Centre, 228 Logan Road, Wollongabba, Brisbane 4102 QLD, Australia
| | - G Findlay
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield Street, Brisbane 4029 QLD, Australia
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24
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Wang RJ, Zhang Q, Wu XY, Zhang XD, Xu SJ, Sun J, Zhang SC, Wang X, Zong Q, Tao SM, Li DL, Liu WW, Tong J, Li TT, Wang QL, Zhang Y, Tao FB. [The relationship between migration time and the prevalence of myopia of children and adolescents aged 6-18 years old in Shenzhen]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:460-464. [PMID: 33858056 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200723-01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the relationship between migration time and the prevalence of myopia of children and adolescents aged between 6 and 18 years old in Shenzhen. Methods: From April to May 2019, 26 618 children and adolescents from 14 schools in six streets of Baoan District, including Fuyong, Shajing, Xin'an, Xixiang, Songgang and Shiyan, were included in the study by using random cluster sampling method. The demographic characteristics, migration status, self-reported myopia, screen time in the last seven days, outdoor activities in the last one month and other information were collected through the questionnaire. The differences of myopia among children and adolescents with different characteristics were compared by χ2 test, and the relationship between migration time and the prevalence of myopia was analyzed by multivariate unconditional logistic regression model. Results: The age of 26 618 study participants was (12.37±3.49) years old, and the overall prevalence of myopia was 49.4%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for relevant confounding factors, compared with migrant children and adolescents of migrant workers who migrated for 1-2 years, those of migrant workers who had migrated for more than 6 years had a higher risk of myopia [OR (95%CI): 1.48 (1.14-1.92)]. After being grouped by phase of school, in the lower grade group of primary school, the children and adolescents of migrant workers who had migrated for more than 6 years had a higher risk of myopia compared with those of migrant workers who migrated for 1-2 years [OR (95%CI): 1.96 (1.20-2.74)]. In the high school group, compared with the children and adolescents of migrant workers who migrated for 1-2 years, those of migrant workers who had migrated for 3-5 years and ≥6 years had a higher risk of myopia [OR (95%CI): 6.03 (1.29-28.15) and 6.52 (1.51-28.11), respectively]. Conclusion: The migration time is related to the prevalence of myopia of the children and adolescents of migrant workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong China
| | - X Y Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - X D Zhang
- Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong China
| | - S J Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - J Sun
- Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong China
| | - S C Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - X Wang
- Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518101, Guangdong China
| | - Q Zong
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - S M Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - D L Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - W W Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - J Tong
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - T T Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
| | - F B Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Health Education of Birth Population/Anhui Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics Hefei 230032, China
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25
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Tong J, Huang J, Khou V, Martin J, Kalloniatis M, Ly A. Topical Review: Assessment of Binocular Sensory Processes in Low Vision. Optom Vis Sci 2021; 98:310-325. [PMID: 33828038 PMCID: PMC8051935 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE This article summarizes the evidence for a higher prevalence of binocular vision dysfunctions in individuals with vision impairment. Assessment for and identification of binocular vision dysfunctions can detect individuals experiencing difficulties in activities including reading, object placement tasks, and mobility.Comprehensive vision assessment in low vision populations is necessary to identify the extent of remaining vision and to enable directed rehabilitation efforts. In patients with vision impairment, little attention is typically paid to assessments of binocular vision, including ocular vergence, stereopsis, and binocular summation characteristics. In addition, binocular measurements of threshold automated visual fields are not routinely performed in clinical practice, leading to an incomplete understanding of individuals' binocular visual field and may affect rehabilitation outcomes.First, this review summarizes the prevalence of dysfunctions in ocular vergence, stereopsis, and binocular summation characteristics across a variety of ocular pathologies causing vision impairment. Second, this review examines the links between clinical measurements of binocular visual functions and outcome measures including quality of life and performance in functional tasks. There is an increased prevalence of dysfunctions in ocular alignment, stereopsis, and binocular summation across low vision cohorts compared with those with normal vision. The identification of binocular vision dysfunctions during routine low vision assessments is especially important in patients experiencing difficulties in activities of daily living, including but not limited to reading, object placement tasks, and mobility. However, further research is required to determine whether addressing the identified deficits in binocular vision in low vision rehabilitative efforts directly impacts patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessie Huang
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vincent Khou
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jodi Martin
- Guide Dogs New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angelica Ly
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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26
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Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and also become an emerging risk factor for liver-related complications, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The liver-related burden of NASH is likely to increase and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is probably to be the leading indication for liver transplantation by 2020, as a consequence of increased disease prevalence and of the lack of an effective treatment. The first step in the NAFLD development is represented by fat accumulation in the liver, a condition that is commonly associated with features of the metabolic syndrome. Notably, it has been acknowledged that the step from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to NASH is key step in the NASH formation, and the mechanisms behind this transition have been extensively studied. Emerging evidence indicates that innate immunity is a driving force in NAFLD progression because it directly regulates all key pathogenic features of the disease processes, including metabolic dysregulation, inflammation, and fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the currently available signaling pathways of NASH formation, including oxidative stress, NOD-like receptors (NLRs), mitochondria-associated pathways, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), nuclear receptors, and other signal pathways, for the aim of a better understanding of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chongqing University Central Hospital (Chongqing Emergency Medical Center), Chongqing, China.
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27
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Phu J, Tong J, Zangerl B, Ly Le J, Kalloniatis M. Authors' reply. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2020; 41:203-204. [PMID: 33236807 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Phu
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Barbara Zangerl
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Janet Ly Le
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
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28
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Tong J, Chen F, Tang J, Ye Z, Liu X. Sirt6 regulates autophagy in AGE-treated endothelial cells via KLF4. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
To explore Sirt6 regulating autophagy in endothelial cells and the specific mechanism of this function with involvement of KLF4.
Materials and methods
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with advanced glycation end products (AGE) treatment. Adv-Sirt6, LV-Sirt6 and LV-KLF4 were used to knockup Sirt6 and knockdown Sirt6 and KLF4 respectively. qPCR and Western Blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of Sirt6 and KLF4. Laser scanning confocal microscope was used to observe the LC3-II marked autophagosomes. Wildlife BALB/c mice were treated with STZ to produce diabetic mice model. AAV-Sirt6 was injected by tail vein injection to achieve Sirt6 knockdown. HE staining and scanning electron microscope were used to observe the aortic intima condition and autophagosomes number respectively.
Results
In AGE treated HUVECs, knockdown of Sirt6 led to impaired autophagy level along with less expression of autophagic markers LC3-II, Beclin-1, Lamp2 and autophagic marker p62. Knockdown and knockup of Sirt6 directly affected KLF4 expression level but KLF4 didn't have any effect on Sirt6 expression. Knockout of KLF4 offset the augmented autophagy caused by overexpression of Sirt6. In high-fat fed diabetic mice, downregulation of Sirt6 led to better cardiac function along with less autophagosomes and impaired aortic intima integrity.
Conclusions
Sirt6 improves autophagy both in vivo and in vitro and Sirt6 regulates autophagy via KLF4 in HUVECs.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Natural Science Foundation of China
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tong
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - F Chen
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - J.N Tang
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Ye
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - X.B Liu
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Cardiology, Shanghai, China
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29
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He ZK, Wang J, Sun H, Su J, Liu X, Gu WP, Yu DS, Luo LZ, Wang ML, Hu B, Hu WF, Tong J, Yang M, Wang SL, Wang CX, Wang YL, Zhan ZF, Duan R, Qin S, Jing HQ, Wang X. [Characteristics and diversity of infectious diarrheal caused by various pathogens]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:1328-1334. [PMID: 32867445 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200213-00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the characteristics and differences of diarrhea-related symptoms caused by different pathogens, and the clinical features of various pathogens causing diarrhea. Methods: Etiology surveillance program was conducted among 20 provinces of China from 2010 to 2016. The acute diarrhea outpatients were collected from clinics or hospitals. A questionnaire was used to survey demographics and clinical features. VFeces samples were taken for laboratory detection of 22 common diarrhea pathogens, to detect and analyze the clinical symptom pattern characteristics of the patient's. Results: A total of 38 950 outpatients were enrolled from 20 provinces of China. The positive rates of Rotavirus and Norovirus were the highest among the five diarrhea-causing viruses (Rotavirus: 18.29%, Norovirus: 13.06%). In the isolation and culture of 17 diarrhea-causing bacterial, Escherichia coli showed the highest positive rates (6.25%). The clinical features of bacterial diarrhea and viral diarrhea were mainly reflected in the results of fecal traits and routine examination, but pathogenic Vibrio infection was similar to viral diarrhea. Conclusion: Infectious diarrhea presents different characteristics due to various symptoms which can provide a basis for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z K He
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J Wang
- Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100009, China
| | - H Sun
- Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100009, China
| | - J Su
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - X Liu
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - W P Gu
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - D S Yu
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L Z Luo
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - M L Wang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - B Hu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - W F Hu
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China
| | - J Tong
- Xuzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou 221006, China
| | - M Yang
- Jiangxi Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - S L Wang
- Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - C X Wang
- Qing Hai Center for Diseases Prevention & Control, Xining 810000, China
| | - Y L Wang
- Tianjin Jizhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 301999, China
| | - Z F Zhan
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410000, China
| | - R Duan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - S Qin
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H Q Jing
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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30
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Lin Q, Liu W, Xu S, Shang H, Li J, Guo Y, Tong J. PARP inhibitors as maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis. BJOG 2020; 128:485-493. [PMID: 32654312 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 70% of patients with advanced ovarian cancer have a relapse after primary therapy. New agents and approaches are urgently needed to avoid or slow down this recurrence. OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy of PARP inhibitors (PARPis) as maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer. SEARCH STRATEGY PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. SELECTION CRITERIA All randomised clinical trials (RCTs) that compared PARPis with placebo as first-line maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers extracted data. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. MAIN RESULTS PARPis were associated with significant improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (AeOC) (HR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.40-0.71; P < 0.0001). The benefit was not only in women with BRCA mutations (HR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.29-0.42; P < 0.00001) and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) (HR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.32-0.60; P < 0.00001), but also in those with nonmutated BRCA (HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.63-0.82; P < 0.00001) and even non-HRD (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.70-0.99; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS PARP inhibitors are effective as maintenance therapy among patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer after platinum-based chemotherapy, regardless of BRCA mutation or HRD status. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT PARPis provide a significant PFS benefit as first-line maintenance therapy in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Lin
- Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - W Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - S Xu
- Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - H Shang
- Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Gynaecological Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Tong
- Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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31
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Gilroy CA, Capozzi ME, Varanko AK, Tong J, D'Alessio DA, Campbell JE, Chilkoti A. Sustained release of a GLP-1 and FGF21 dual agonist from an injectable depot protects mice from obesity and hyperglycemia. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaz9890. [PMID: 32923621 PMCID: PMC7449677 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz9890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
There is great interest in identifying a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based combination therapy that will more effectively promote weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a compelling yet previously unexplored drug candidate to combine with GLP-1 due to its thermogenic and insulin-sensitizing effects. Here, we describe the development of a biologic that fuses GLP-1 to FGF21 with an elastin-like polypeptide linker that acts as a sustained release module with zero-order drug release. We show that once-weekly dual-agonist treatment of diabetic mice results in potent weight-reducing effects and enhanced glycemic control that are not observed with either agonist alone. Furthermore, the dual-agonist formulation has superior efficacy compared to a GLP-1/FGF21 mixture, demonstrating the utility of combining two structurally distinct peptides into one multifunctional molecule. We anticipate that these results will spur further investigation into GLP-1/FGF21 multiagonism for the treatment of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. A. Gilroy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M. E. Capozzi
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - A. K. Varanko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - J. Tong
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - D. A. D'Alessio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - J. E. Campbell
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - A. Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Song ZL, Tong J, Yan YW, Sun JY. Effects of pterostigma structure on vibrational characteristics during flight of Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Sci Rep 2020; 10:11371. [PMID: 32647317 PMCID: PMC7347916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The hind wings of beetles are deployable and play an essential role in flight. In the Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), the pterostigma (pst) is found in the middle of the hind wing instead of at the tip of the hind wing. This paper investigates the effect of the pst on the vibrational characteristics during the flight of H. axyridis. Based on cross sections of the pst and veins as well as the morphology and nanomechanical properties of the hind wing, including the wing membrane and veins, three three-dimensional coupling models, Models I-III, of hind wings with/without pst structures and veins with varying or uniform reduced moduli are established. Modal analysis results for these three models show that the vibrational characteristics and deformation tendencies change the flight performance of the hind wing models with pst structures compared with that of the other models. The results in this paper reveal that the pst structure has an important influence on vibrational characteristics and deformation tendencies and, hence, on flight performance; the relationships between the body mass and the area of the hind wing, which have significant implications for the design of biomimetic deployable wing structures for micro air vehicles (MAVs), are also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z L Song
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - J Tong
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Y W Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - J Y Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China.
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Phu J, Tong J, Zangerl B, Le JL, Kalloniatis M. Cluster analysis reveals patterns of age-related change in anterior chamber depth for gender and ethnicity: clinical implications. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2020; 40:632-649. [PMID: 32644209 PMCID: PMC7540376 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To identify patterns of age‐, gender‐ and refractive‐ related changes in Scheimpflug‐based anterior chamber depth across the central 8 mm of chamber width, to derive normative models, potentially useful for angle closure disease diagnosis. Methods This was a retrospective, cross‐sectional study. Scheimpflug photography was used to obtain anterior chamber depth measurements at 57 points across the central 8 mm of the chamber width from one eye of each healthy subject (male Caucasians (n = 189), female Caucasians (n = 186), male Asians (n = 165) and female Asians (n = 181)). Sliding window and nonlinear regression analysis was used to identify the age‐related changes in chamber depth. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify test locations with statistically identical age‐related shifts, which were used to perform age‐correction for all subjects, resulting in normative distributions of chamber depth across the chamber width. The model was examined with and without the contribution of spherical equivalent refractive error. Results Distinct clusters, demonstrating statistically indistinguishable age‐related changes of chamber depth over time, were identified. These age‐related changes followed a nonlinear regression (fifth or sixth order polynomial). Females tended to have a greater rate of chamber depth shallowing. Incorporating refractive error into the model produced minimal changes to the fit relative to the ground truth. Comparisons with cut‐offs for angle closure from the literature showed that ageing alone was insufficient for identifying angle closure disease. Conclusions Age‐, ethnicity‐ and gender‐related differences need to be acknowledged in order to utilise anterior chamber depth data for angle closure disease diagnosis correctly. Ageing alone does not adequately account for the angle closure disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Phu
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Barbara Zangerl
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Janet Ly Le
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
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Trinh M, Tong J, Yoshioka N, Zangerl B, Kalloniatis M, Nivison-Smith L. Macula Ganglion Cell Thickness Changes Display Location-Specific Variation Patterns in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:2. [PMID: 32150251 PMCID: PMC7401429 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of individuals with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using grid-wise analysis for macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) volume scans. We also aim to validate the use of age-correction functions for GCL thickness in diseased eyes. Methods OCT macular cube scans covering 30° × 25° were acquired using Spectralis spectral-domain OCT for 87 eyes with intermediate AMD, 77 age-matched normal eyes, and 254 non-age-matched normal eyes. The thickness of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) was defined after segmentation at 60 locations across an 8 × 8 grid centered on the fovea, where each grid location covered 0.74 mm2 (approximately 3° × 3°) within the macula. Each GCL location of normal eyes (n = 77) were assigned to a specific iso-ganglion cell density cluster in the macula, based on patterns of age-related GCL thickness loss. Analyses were then performed comparing AMD GCL grid-wise data against corresponding spatial clusters, and significant AMD GCL thickness changes were denoted as values outside the 95% distribution limits. Results Analysis of GCL thickness changes revealed significant differences between spatial clusters, with thinning toward the fovea, and thickening toward the peripheral macula. The direction of GCL thickness changes in AMD were associated more so with thickening than thinning in all analyses. Results were corroborated by the application of GCL thickness age-correction functions. Conclusions GCL thickness changed significantly and nonuniformly within the macula of intermediate AMD eyes. Further characterization of these changes is critical to improve diagnoses and monitoring of GCL-altering pathologies.
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Tong J, Yao W, Liu HL, Zheng CC, Geng LQ, Zuo XY, Tang BL, Wan X, Zhou L, Song KD, Zhang XH, Sun ZM. [Successful treatment with venetoclax and demethylation drugs in one acute myeloid leukemia patient relapsed after cord blood stem cell transplantation: a case report and literature review]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2020; 40:1050-1051. [PMID: 32023741 PMCID: PMC7342675 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Tong
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - W Yao
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - H L Liu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - C C Zheng
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - L Q Geng
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - X Y Zuo
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - B L Tang
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - X Wan
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - L Zhou
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - K D Song
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - X H Zhang
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
| | - Z M Sun
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230001, China
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Lee KM, Hawi ZH, Parkington HC, Parish CL, Kumar PV, Polo JM, Bellgrove MA, Tong J. The application of human pluripotent stem cells to model the neuronal and glial components of neurodevelopmental disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:368-378. [PMID: 31455859 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0495-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cellular models of neurodevelopmental disorders provide a valuable experimental system to uncover disease mechanisms and novel therapeutic strategies. The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate diverse brain cell types offers great potential to model several neurodevelopmental disorders. Further patient-derived iPSCs have the unique genetic and molecular signature of the affected individuals, which allows researchers to address limitations of transgenic behavioural models, as well as generate hypothesis-driven models to study disorder-relevant phenotypes at a cellular level. In this article, we review the extant literature that has used iPSC-based modelling to understand the neuronal and glial contributions to neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Rett syndrome, bipolar disorder (BP), and schizophrenia. For instance, several molecular candidates have been shown to influence cellular phenotypes in three-dimensional iPSC-based models of ASD patients. Delays in differentiation of astrocytes and morphological changes of neurons are associated with Rett syndrome. In the case of bipolar disorders and schizophrenia, patient-derived models helped to identify cellular phenotypes associated with neuronal deficits (e.g., excitability) and mutation-specific abnormalities in oligodendrocytes (e.g., CSPG4). Further we provide a critical review of the current limitations of this field and provide methodological suggestions to enhance future modelling efforts of neurodevelopmental disorders. Future developments in experimental design and methodology of disease modelling represent an exciting new avenue relevant to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Lee
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and the School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Z H Hawi
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and the School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H C Parkington
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C L Parish
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - P V Kumar
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and the School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J M Polo
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M A Bellgrove
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and the School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Tong
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and the School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Tong J, Joseph Francis P, Lee E. 479 When 2 rights make a wrong. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The presence of an intra-cardiac mass is always a cause for concern, with regards to not only aetiology, but also treatment of complications. We describe a case series of 2 right sided cardiac myxomas, where the first case described an unusual location for tumour occurrence, while the second case provided insights into complications of a cardiac myxoma.
Methods
The first case involved a 70 year old asymptomatic lady who was referred for an additional heart sound. A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) showed a large, mobile 1.5 X 1.2 cm mass, attached to the atrial surface of septal tricuspid valve leaflet, prolapsing in and out of the right sided chambers. This was confirmed on transoesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). Cardiac MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) showed a similar mass attached to the septal tricuspid leaflet with features consistent with a myxoma. She was referred to cardiothoracic surgery, and 2 lobulated tumours arising the septal tricuspid valve and adjacent posterior leaflet were seen. The tumours were resected and a bio-prosthetic tricuspid valve replacement implanted. Histology of the tumours showed myxomatous degeneration of tricuspid valve, consistent with cardiac myxoma.
The second case was a 56 year old lady who had dyspnoea, pedal oedema and an elevated jugular venous pulse on examination. A TTE done showed a large 7 X 4 cm mass extending from the right atrium (RA) into the right ventricle (RV). The left ventricular ejection fraction was 35%. Cardiac MRI confirmed the presence of a large mass in the right ventricle that exerted pressure effects on the ventricular septum and RV anterior free wall. Intra-operatively, a large RA mass attached by a stalk to the fossa ovalis was seen. The mass was excised and histology was consistent with cardiac myxoma. A repeat transthoracic echocardiogram done 2 weeks later showed normalisation of the LVEF.
See images below for more information.
Conclusion
While myxomas are the most common benign cardiac tumours, they occur less commonly in the right atrium, and much less so on the tricuspid valve. Clinical manifestations range from being completely asymptomatic, as in the 1st case, to non-specific constitutional symptoms such as fever or general malaise, and to life-threatening complications. These include embolism to the pulmonary circulation, causing sudden death, or to the systemic circulation through an intra-cardiac shunt, causing strokes. This risk is increased if the tumour is large, polypoidal and friable. Large tumours can also cause obstructive symptoms and heart failure. Thus timely diagnosis with multi-modality imaging tools, and definitive treatment with complete resection of the tumour are essential. Continued monitoring for recurrences of the tumour, which can occur in 1-5% of all cases, should be performed as well.
Abstract 479 Figure. Right sided cardiac masses
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tong
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, CARDIOLOGY, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - E Lee
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, CARDIOLOGY, Singapore, Singapore
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Tong J, Lee E, Joseph Francis P. P1309 A jellyfish in the sea. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The unexpected presence of a left ventricular (LV) mass is always a cause of concern for physicians. This is especially so in the presence of a cerebrovascular accident and a recent cardiac event, where the hunt for a cardioembolic source begins. We describe a case of an unusual presentation of a LV thrombus masquerading as a cystic mass, where diagnosis was confirmed with multimodality imaging tools.
Purpose
A 58 year old Thai male first presented to the emergency department with left brachio-facial syndrome secondary to a right pre-central gyrus stroke. He had chest pain 2 days prior, and was pain free on admission. An electrocardiogram done showed an evolved anterior myocardial infarction.
Methods and Results
A transthoracic echocardiogram performed on the 4th day of admission revealed a mildly impaired left ventricular systolic function with an ejection fraction of 45%, and wall motion abnormalities in the left anterior descending artery territory. There was an apical gelatinous-like, cystic and mobile mass with soft flexible walls, measuring 2.4 X 2.1cm. Differentials at this point included cystic thrombus, hydatid cyst, capillary haemangioma and intracardiac tumour.
A cardiac MRI was performed which showed an irregular apical mass with features suggestive of fresh thrombus. The mass demonstrates hyperintensity T1-w FSE sequences (with and without fat sat), increased hyperintensity in T2-w triple IR FSE, with no increased uptake in first pass perfusion, T1-w post contrast, or early and late gadolinium enhancement images.
A repeat transthoracic echocardiogram done 11 days after anticoagulation showed a 50% reduction in the size of the mass.
See images below for more information.
Conclusion
In the era of early primary percutaneous coronary intervention and anticoagulation following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), LV thrombus is an uncommon complication. It can occur within 2 weeks after an AMI, where increased blood stasis from dyskinesia or akinesia of associated wall segments, and a hypercoagulable state increases the risk of thrombus formation. A literature search has shown that presentation of the thrombus as a cystic mass is rare as well. As such, early diagnosis allowing for early treatment, especially when systemic embolism of thrombus is suspected, is important. Other causes of cystic LV thrombus do need to be considered in the relevant clinical context. These include infectious causes such as hydatid cyst, capillary hemangioma or intracardiac tumour, which are less likely given the history and investigation results. In this case, a trial of therapy with anticoagulation reduced the size of the cystic mass, and along with imaging findings, confirmed the diagnosis of a cystic LV thrombus.
Abstract P1309 Figure. TTE and MRI heart
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tong
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, CARDIOLOGY, Singapore, Singapore
| | - E Lee
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, CARDIOLOGY, Singapore, Singapore
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Tong J, Phu J, Kalloniatis M, Zangerl B. Modeling Changes in Corneal Parameters With Age: Implications for Corneal Disease Detection. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 209:117-131. [PMID: 31469999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To apply computational methods to model normal age-related changes in corneal parameters and to establish their association with demographic factors, thereby providing a framework for improved detection of subclinical corneal ectasia (SCE). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS One hundred seventeen healthy participants were enrolled from Centre for Eye Health (Sydney, Australia). Corneal thickness (CT), front surface sagittal curvature (FSSC), and back surface sagittal curvature (BSSC) measurements were extracted from 57 corneal locations from 1 eye per participant using the Pentacam HR. Cluster analyses were performed to identify locations demonstrating similar variations with age. Age-related changes were modeled using polynomial regression with sliding window methods, and model accuracy was verified with Bland-Altman comparisons. Pearson correlations were applied to examine the impacts of demographic factors. RESULTS Concentric cluster patterns were observed for CT and FSSC but not for BSSC. Sliding window analyses were best fit with quartic and cubic regression models for CT and FSSC/BSSC, respectively. CT and FSSC sliding window models had narrower 95% limits of agreement compared with decade-based models (0.015 mm vs 0.017 mm and 0.14 mm vs 0.27 mm, respectively), but were wider for BSSC than decade-based models (0.73 mm vs 0.54 mm). Significant correlations were observed between CT and astigmatism (P = .02-.049) and FSSC and BSSC and gender (P = <.001-.049). CONCLUSIONS The developed models robustly described aging variations in CT and FSSC; however, other mechanisms appear to contribute to variations in BSSC. These findings and the identified correlations provide a framework that can be applied to future model development and establishment of normal databases to facilitate SCE detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle Tong
- Centre for Eye Health and the School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jack Phu
- Centre for Eye Health and the School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Kalloniatis
- Centre for Eye Health and the School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara Zangerl
- Centre for Eye Health and the School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Shang H, Sun L, Braun T, Si Q, Tong J. Association between miR-124 rs531564 and miR-100 rs1834306 polymorphisms and cervical cancer: a meta-analysis. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2019. [DOI: 10.12892/ejgo4993.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Tong J, Phu J, Khuu SK, Yoshioka N, Choi AY, Nivison-Smith L, Marc RE, Jones BW, Pfeiffer RL, Kalloniatis M, Zangerl B. Development of a Spatial Model of Age-Related Change in the Macular Ganglion Cell Layer to Predict Function From Structural Changes. Am J Ophthalmol 2019; 208:166-177. [PMID: 31078539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop location-specific models of normal, age-related changes in the macular ganglion cell layer (GCL) from optical coherence tomography (OCT). Using these OCT-derived models, we predicted visual field (VF) sensitivities and compared these results to actual VF sensitivities. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS Single eyes of 254 normal participants were retrospectively enrolled from the Centre for Eye Health (Sydney, Australia). Macular GCL measurements were obtained using Spectralis OCT. Cluster algorithms were performed to identify spatial patterns demonstrating similar age-related change. Quadratic and linear regression models were subsequently used to characterize age-related GCL decline. Forty participants underwent additional testing with Humphrey VFs, and 95% prediction intervals were calculated to measure the predictive ability of structure-function models incorporating cluster-based pooling, age correction, and consideration of spatial summation. RESULTS Quadratic GCL regression models provided a superior fit (P value <.0001-.0066), establishing that GCL decline commences in the late 30s across the macula. The equivalent linear rates of GCL decline showed eccentricity-dependent variation (0.13 μm/yr centrally vs 0.06 μm/yr peripherally); however, average, normalized GCL loss per year was consistent across the 64 macular measurement locations at 0.26%. The 95% prediction intervals describing predicted VF sensitivities were significantly narrower across all cluster-based structure-function models (3.79-4.99 dB) compared with models without clustering applied (5.66-6.73 dB, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Combining spatial clustering with age-correction based on regression models allowed the development of robust models describing GCL changes with age. The resultant superior predictive ability of VF sensitivity from ganglion cell measurements may be applied to future models of disease development to improve detection of early macular GCL pathology.
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Xu C, Zeng R, Chen Q, Du L, Tong J, He Y, Xu H, Li M. Curcumin suppresses interleukin-6 production in THP-1 monocytes induced by Propionibacterium acnes extracts via downregulation of Toll-like receptor 2 expression and the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:1320-1322. [PMID: 31209872 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Xu
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - R Zeng
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Q Chen
- Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China.,Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - L Du
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - J Tong
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Y He
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - M Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
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Dong X, Tong J. Different susceptibility to fatty liver-haemorrhagic syndrome in young and older layers and the interaction on blood LDL-C levels between oestradiols and high energy-low protein diets. Br Poult Sci 2019; 60:265-271. [PMID: 30657354 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1571164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
1. The objective of the study was to investigate the susceptibility of young and older laying hens to fatty liver-haemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) and to evaluate the reliability of different blood lipid fractions for predicting or diagnosing FLHS. 2. Forty young hens and 40 older hens were caged individually. Each group of hens was randomly allotted to four treatments for 21 days: either a control, an oestradiol group, a high energy-low protein diet (HELPD) group or a HELPD + oestradiol group. Blood levels of oestradiol, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), liver total lipids, hepatic haemorrhagic scores and productive performance were assessed. 3. In older hens, β-oestradiol increased (P < 0.05) liver total lipids, hepatic haemorrhagic scores and the incidence of FLHS but reduced (P < 0.05) productive performance; however, such changes were not observed in young hens. 4. In two groups of hens, serum TG, CHOL and HDL-C levels were increased (P < 0.001) by β-oestradiol. Hens with FLHS had higher serum TG, CHOL and HDL-C (P < 0.001) than non-FLHS birds in the older layer group of hens. 5. An interaction (β-oestradiol × HELPD) (P < 0.05) for LDL-C levels was observed in both groups of hens. In young hens, β-oestradiol induced a decrease (P = 0.004) in serum LDL-C levels but the effect was attenuated by HELPD. In older hens, HELPD caused an increase (P = 0.02) in serum LDL-C although the effect depended on the presence of β-oestradiol. 6. In conclusion, older layers were more susceptible to FLHS than young layers after oestradiol treatment. Blood TG, CHOL and HDL-C rather than LDL-C levels can be used as a prediction tool for the overall susceptibility to FLHS in older rather than young layers. There were interactions between oestradiol and HELPD on blood LDL-C levels in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Dong
- a Institute of Animal Science , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - J Tong
- a Institute of Animal Science , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing , China
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Eapen A, Joing M, Kwon P, Tong J, Maneta E, De Santo C, Mussai F, Lissauer D, Carter D. Recombinant human granulocyte- colony stimulating factor in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy losses: a randomized clinical trial. Hum Reprod 2019; 34:424-432. [PMID: 30776296 PMCID: PMC6389865 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in the first trimester improve pregnancy outcomes, among women with a history of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss? SUMMARY ANSWER rhG-CSF administered in the first trimester of pregnancy did not improve outcomes among women with a history of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The only previous randomized controlled study of granulocyte colony stimulating factor in recurrent miscarriage in 68 women with unexplained primary recurrent miscarriage found a statistically significant reduction in miscarriage and improvement in live birth rates. A further four observational studies where G-CSF was used in a recurrent miscarriage population were identified in the literature, two of which confirmed statistically significant increase in clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial involving 150 women with a history of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss was conducted at 21 sites with established recurrent miscarriage clinics in the United Kingdom between 23 June 2014 and 05 June 2016. The study was coordinated by University of Birmingham, UK. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS One hundred and fifty women with a history of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: 76 were randomized to rhG-CSF and 74 to placebo. Daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant human granulocyte - colony stimulating factor 130 μg or identical appearing placebo from as early as three to five weeks of gestation for a maximum of 9 weeks. The trial used central randomization with allocation concealment. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy at 20 weeks of gestation, as demonstrated by an ultrasound scan. Secondary outcomes included miscarriages, livebirth, adverse events, stillbirth, neonatal birth weight, changes in clinical laboratory variables following study drug exposure, major congenital anomalies, preterm births and incidence of anti-drug antibody formation. Analysis was by intention to treat. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A total of 340 participants were screened for eligibility of which 150 women were randomized. 76 women (median age, 32[IQR, 29-34] years; mean BMI, 26.3[SD, 4.2]) and 74 women (median age, 31[IQR, 26-33] years; mean BMI, 25.8[SD, 4.2]) were randomized to placebo. All women were followed-up to primary outcome, and beyond to live birth. The clinical pregnancy rate at 20 weeks, as well as the live birth rate, was 59.2% (45/76) in the rhG-CSF group, and 64.9% (48/74) in the placebo group, giving a relative risk of 0.9 (95% CI: 0.7-1.2; P = 0.48). There was no evidence of a significant difference between the groups for any of the secondary outcomes. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in 52 (68.4%) participants in rhG-CSF group and 43 (58.1%) participants in the placebo group. Neonatal congenital anomalies were observed in 1/46 (2.1%) of babies in the rhG-CSF group versus 1/49 (2.0%) in the placebo group (RR of 0.9; 95% CI: 0.1-13.4; P = 0.93). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This trial was conducted in women diagnosed with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss and therefore no screening tests (commercially available) were performed for immune dysfunction related pregnancy failure/s. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS To our knowledge, this is the first multicentre study and largest randomized clinical trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of granulocyte human colony stimulating factor in women with recurrent miscarriages. Unlike the only available single center RCT, our trial showed no significant increase in clinical pregnancy or live births with the use of rhG-CSF in the first trimester of pregnancy. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was sponsored and supported by Nora Therapeutics, Inc., 530 Lytton Avenue, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA 94301, USA. Darryl Carter was the co-founder and VP of research, Nora Therapeutics, Inc. and held shares in the company. He holds a patent for the use of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor to reduce unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Mark Joing, Paul Kwon and Jeff Tong were or are employees of Nora Therapeutics, Inc. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER EUDRACT No: 2014-000084-40; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02156063. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE 31 Mar 2014. DATE OF FIRST PATIENT’S ENROLMENT 23 Jun 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Eapen
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, UK
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Carver college of Medicine, IA, USA
| | - M Joing
- Nora Therapeutics, Inc., 530 Lytton Avenue, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - P Kwon
- Nora Therapeutics, Inc., 530 Lytton Avenue, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J Tong
- Nora Therapeutics, Inc., 530 Lytton Avenue, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - E Maneta
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - C De Santo
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - F Mussai
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - D Lissauer
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - D Carter
- Nora Therapeutics, Inc., 530 Lytton Avenue, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Jin XD, Feng XX, Bu LC, Wang WC, Tong J, Zhang P, Qi YD, Yang C. Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Property of four Manganese(II) Complexes with Bulky Schiff bases Derived from Amantadine and Rimantadine. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328419030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Chu XD, Chen EL, Zhu XY, Tang BL, Zheng CC, Song KD, Zhang XH, Tong J, Wan X, Zhang L, Liu HL, Sun ZM. [Efficacy analysis of unrelated cord blood transplantation in the treatment of refractory and relapsed adult acute leukemia]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2019; 39:105-109. [PMID: 29562443 PMCID: PMC7342567 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
目的 探讨非血缘脐血移植(UCBT)挽救治疗难治复发急性白血病(AL)患者的临床疗效和安全性。 方法 回顾性分析2009年11月至2017年5月22例行UCBT挽救治疗的难治复发成人AL患者的临床资料,全部患者采用清髓性预处理方案,均采用环孢素A/短程霉酚酸酯方案预防GVHD。 结果 ①22例患者中男9例,女13例,中位年龄23(15~44)岁;中位体重52.5(43~82)kg。所有患者回输脐血有核细胞中位数为3.07(1.71~5.30)×107/kg(受者体重),CD34+细胞中位数为1.60(0.63~3.04)×105/kg(受者体重)。②移植后42 d髓系累积植入率为95.5%(95%CI 45.2%~99.7%),中位植入时间为19(13~27)d;移植后120 d血小板累积植入率为81.8%(95%CI 54.2%~93.6%),中位植入时间为42(20~164)d。③Ⅱ~Ⅳ度、Ⅲ~Ⅳ度急性GVHD发生率以及慢性GVHD 2年累积发生率分别为36.4%、13.6%和40.3%。④移植后180 d移植相关死亡率为22.7%;2年累积复发率为18.7%(95%CI 3.6%~42.5%),2年累积无病生存率及累积总生存率分别为53.7%和58.1%。 结论 对于常规化疗无效的难治复发成人AL患者,初步结果显示采用UCBT安全、有效。
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Affiliation(s)
- X D Chu
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
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Zheng CC, Zhu XY, Tang BL, Tong J, Zhang XH, Zhang L, Song KD, Geng LQ, Liu HL, Sun ZM. [Comparison of unrelated cord blood transplantation and HLA-identical sibling peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for the treatment of adult hematological malignancies]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2019; 38:673-679. [PMID: 28954345 PMCID: PMC7348242 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy of unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) and HLA-identical sibling peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for the treatment of adult hematological malignancies. Methods: From April 2011 to December 2015, a total of 81 patients receiving single-unit UCBT and 57 patients receiving HLA-identical sibling PBSCT were enrolled in this study. All of the patients received myelablative conditioning. Cyclosporine combined with mycophenolate mofetil was adopted for GVHD prophylaxis. Results: The cumulative incidence of neutropil engraftment at day-42 was 95.0% and 100% in UCBT and sibling PBSCT groups, respectively (P=0.863) . Platelet engraftment at day 100 was 87.3% (95%CI 76.8%-93.1%) in UCBT group, which was significantly lower than that of sibling PBSCT group[98.2% (95%CI 87.3%-99.7%) ] (P=0.005) . There were no significant differences in terms of Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD or Ⅲ-Ⅳ acute GVHD in two groups (P=0.142, 0.521) . The 3-year chronic GVHD and extensive chronic GVHD were 14.9% (95%CI 5.2%-23.5%) and 11.2% (95%CI 2.9%-18.7%) , respectively in UCBT group, which was significantly lower than that of sibling PBSCT group[35.2% (95%CI 19.4%-47.8%) , 31.4% (95%CI 16.2%-43.9%) ] (P=0.008, 0.009) . The 3-year transplant-related mortality (TRM) was similar between two groups (30.1% vs 23.2%, P=0.464) . The relapse rate at 3-year in UCBT group[12.9% (95%CI 6.6%-21.5%) ]was significantly lower than that in sibling PBSCT group[24.3% (95%CI 13.5%-36.8%) ] (P=0.039) . There were no significant differences in terms of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between two groups (58.6% vs 54.8%, P=0.634; 57.0% vs 52.4%, P=0.563) . But GVHD-free and relapse-free survival (GRFS) in UCBT group [55.7% (95%CI 44.1%-65.8%) ]was significantly higher than that of sibling PBSCT group[42.9% (95%CI 29.8%-55.3%) ] (P=0.047) . Conclusions: For adult hematological malignancies, the incidences of acute GVHD and TRM were similar between UCBT and sibling PBSCT recipients, and the incidences of chronic GVHD and relapse were lower in UCBT recipients. UCBT recipients had higher GRFS rate although OS and DFS were similar between two groups, which may reflect the real recovery and better quality of life following UCBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
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Tong J, Jiang G, Li L, Li Y. Molecular Virtual Screening Studies of Herbicidal Sulfonylurea Analogues Using Molecular Docking and Topomer CoMFA Research. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476619020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tong J, Jiang G, Li L, Li Y. Molecular Docking and 3D QSAR Research of Indolocarbazole Series as Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476618070065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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