Livingston JA, Wang WL, Tsai JW, Lazar AJ, Leung CH, Lin H, Advani S, Daw N, Santiago-O'Farrill J, Hollomon M, Gordon NB, Kleinerman ES. Analysis of HSP27 and the Autophagy Marker LC3B
+ Puncta Following Preoperative Chemotherapy Identifies High-Risk Osteosarcoma Patients.
Mol Cancer Ther 2018;
17:1315-1323. [PMID:
29592877 PMCID:
PMC5984702 DOI:
10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0901]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced autophagy is a proposed mechanism of chemoresistance and potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma. We evaluated heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and autophagy-related proteins as predictors of pathologic treatment response and prognostic markers among osteosarcoma patients who received standard chemotherapy. We analyzed 394 tumor specimens (pre-treatment, post-treatment, and metastases) from 260 osteosarcoma patients by immunohistochemistry for cytoplasmic light chain 3B (LC3B)-positive puncta, sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and HSP27 expression. The staining percentage and intensity for each marker were scored and the extent to which marker expression was correlated with pathologic response, relapse-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) was assessed. LCB3+ puncta in post-treatment primary tumors (50%) and metastases (67%) was significantly higher than in pre-treatment biopsy specimens (30%; P = 0.023 and <0.001). Among 215 patients with localized osteosarcoma, both pre-treatment [multivariate hazard ratio (HR), 26.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47-484; P = 0.026] and post-treatment HSP27 expression (multivariate HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.03-3.33; P = 0.039) were associated with worse OS. Lack of LC3B+ puncta at resection was an independent poor prognostic marker in both univariate (HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.05-3.03; P = 0.034) and multivariate models (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.01-3.04; P = 0.045). Patients with LC3B+/HSP27- tumors at resection had the best 10-year OS (75%) whereas patients with LC3B-/HSP27+ tumors had the worst 10-year survival (25%). Neither HSP27 expression nor the presence of LCB3+ puncta was correlated with pathologic treatment response. Our findings establish HSP27 expression and LC3B+ puncta as independent prognostic markers in osteosarcoma patients receiving standard chemotherapy and support further investigation into strategies targeting HSP27 or modulating autophagy in osteosarcoma treatment. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(6); 1315-23. ©2018 AACR.
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