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Boonyaratanakornkit J, Wang Q, Nader A, Kimball L, Stevens-Ayers T, Levkova M, Blazevic R, Nguyen J, Wright J, Castor J, Greninger AL, Ford E, Mielcarek M, Fordred S, Han J, Boeckh M, Waghmare A. The effect of gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease and diarrhea on the pharmacokinetic profile of sotrovimab in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. J Infect Dis 2024:jiae236. [PMID: 38743457 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are utilized broadly to treat cancer and infectious diseases, and mAb exposure (serum concentration over time) is one predictor of overall treatment efficacy. Herein, we present findings from a clinical trial evaluating the pharmacokinetics (PK) of the long-acting mAb sotrovimab targeting SARS-CoV-2 in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. METHODS All participants received an intravenous infusion of sotrovimab within one week prior to initiating the pre-transplant preparative regimen. The serum concentration of sotrovimab was measured longitudinally for up to 24 weeks post-transplant. RESULTS Compared to non-HCT participants, we found that mAb clearance was 10% and 26% higher in autologous and allogeneic HCT recipients, respectively. Overall sotrovimab exposure was approximately 15% lower in HCT recipients compared to non-HCT recipients. Exposure was significantly reduced in HCT recipients who developed diarrhea and lower gastrointestinal (GI) graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) post-transplant. CONCLUSIONS These data show that sotrovimab exposure may be reduced in HCT recipients, possibly related to increased GI clearance in patients with GVHD. This phenomenon has implications for dose selection and duration of efficacy with sotrovimab and potentially other mAbs in this vulnerable patient population. Thus, mAb dose regimens developed in non-HCT populations may have to be optimized when applied to HCT populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Boonyaratanakornkit
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Louise Kimball
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Terry Stevens-Ayers
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marta Levkova
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rachel Blazevic
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeanette Nguyen
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Wright
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jared Castor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emily Ford
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marco Mielcarek
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Boeckh
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alpana Waghmare
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Perchetti GA, Biernacki MA, Xie H, Castor J, Joncas-Schronce L, Ueda Oshima M, Kim Y, Jerome KR, Sandmaier BM, Martin PJ, Boeckh M, Greninger AL, Zamora D. Cytomegalovirus breakthrough and resistance during letermovir prophylaxis. Bone Marrow Transplant 2023; 58:430-436. [PMID: 36693927 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-023-01920-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Letermovir is a relatively new antiviral for prophylaxis against cytomegalovirus (CMV) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). CMV-seropositive HCT recipients who received letermovir prophylaxis from 2018 to 2020 at our center were evaluated for letermovir resistance and breakthrough CMV reactivation. Two-hundred twenty-six letermovir recipients were identified and 7/15 (47%) with CMV DNAemia ≥200 IU/mL were successfully genotyped for UL56 resistance. A single C325Y resistance mutation was identified in an umbilical cord blood recipient. Ninety-five (42%), 43 (19%), and 15 (7%) patients had breakthrough CMV at any level, ≥150 IU/mL, and ≥500 IU/mL, respectively. Risk factors for breakthrough CMV reactivation at each viral threshold were examined. Cumulative steroid exposure was the strongest risk factor for CMV at all evaluated viral thresholds. Graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (aHR 2.34, 95% CI 1.28-4.28, p = 0.001) or calcineurin inhibitors plus mycophenolate (aHR 2.24, 95% CI 1.30-3.86, p = 0.004) were also associated with an increased risk of CMV reactivation at any level. De novo letermovir resistance is rare and can be successfully treated using other antivirals. Letermovir effectively prevents clinically significant CMV, however, subclinical CMV reactivation occurs frequently at our center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett A Perchetti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melinda A Biernacki
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hu Xie
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jared Castor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laurel Joncas-Schronce
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Masumi Ueda Oshima
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - YoungJun Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Keith R Jerome
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brenda M Sandmaier
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul J Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Boeckh
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Danniel Zamora
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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3
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Shrestha L, Lin MJ, Xie H, Mills MG, Mohamed Bakhash SA, Gaur VP, Livingston RJ, Castor J, Bruce EA, Botten JW, Huang ML, Jerome KR, Greninger AL, Roychoudhury P. Clinical performance characteristics of the Swift Normalase Amplicon Panel for sensitive recovery of SARS-CoV-2 genomes. J Mol Diagn 2022; 24:963-976. [PMID: 35863699 PMCID: PMC9290336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amplicon-based sequencing methods are central in characterizing the diversity, transmission, and evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but need to be rigorously assessed for clinical utility. Herein, we validated the Swift Biosciences' SARS-CoV-2 Swift Normalase Amplicon Panels using remnant clinical specimens. High-quality genomes meeting our established library and sequence quality criteria were recovered from positive specimens, with 95% limit of detection of 40.08 SARS-CoV-2 copies/PCR. Breadth of genome recovery was evaluated across a range of CT values (11.3 to 36.7; median, 21.6). Of 428 positive samples, 413 (96.5%) generated genomes with <10% unknown bases, with a mean genome coverage of 13,545× ± SD 8382×. No genomes were recovered from PCR-negative specimens (n = 30) or from specimens positive for non–SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses (n = 20). Compared with whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing (n = 14) or Sanger sequencing for the spike gene (n = 11), pairwise identity between consensus sequences was 100% in all cases, with highly concordant allele frequencies (R2 = 0.99) between Swift and shotgun libraries. When samples from different clades were mixed at varying ratios, expected variants were detected even in 1:99 mixtures. When deployed as a clinical test, 268 tests were performed in the first 23 weeks, with a median turnaround time of 11 days, ordered primarily for outbreak investigations and infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasata Shrestha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Michelle J Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Margaret G Mills
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Vinod P Gaur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Robert J Livingston
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jared Castor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Emily A Bruce
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Jason W Botten
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Meei-Li Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Keith R Jerome
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.
| | - Pavitra Roychoudhury
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.
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4
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McEwen AE, Cohen S, Bryson-Cahn C, Liu C, Pergam SA, Lynch J, Schippers A, Strand K, Whimbey E, Mani NS, Zelikoff AJ, Makarewicz VA, Brown ER, Bakhash SAM, Baker NR, Castor J, Livingston RJ, Huang ML, Jerome KR, Greninger AL, Roychoudhury P. Variants of concern are overrepresented among post-vaccination breakthrough infections of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington State. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 74:1089-1092. [PMID: 34166484 PMCID: PMC8394820 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Across 20 vaccine breakthrough cases detected at our institution, all 20 (100%) infections were due to variants of concern (VOCs) and had a median Ct of 20.2 (IQR, 17.1–23.3). When compared with 5174 contemporaneous samples sequenced in our laboratory, VOCs were significantly enriched among breakthrough infections (P < .05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbye E McEwen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Seth Cohen
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chloe Bryson-Cahn
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Catherine Liu
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steven A Pergam
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John Lynch
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adrienne Schippers
- Department of Infection Prevention and Employee Health, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kathy Strand
- Department of Infection Prevention and Employee Health, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Estella Whimbey
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nandita S Mani
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Elizabeth R Brown
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shah A Mohamed Bakhash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Noah R Baker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jared Castor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert J Livingston
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Meei-Li Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Keith R Jerome
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pavitra Roychoudhury
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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5
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Glover WA, Atienza EE, Nesbitt S, Kim WJ, Castor J, Cook L, Jerome KR. Evaluation and utilization of preassembled frozen commercial fast real-time qPCR master mixes for detection of cytomegalovirus and BK virus. J Med Virol 2015; 88:115-9. [PMID: 26106035 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative DNA detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and BK virus (BKV) is critical in the management of transplant patients. Quantitative laboratory-developed procedures for CMV and BKV have been described in which much of the processing is automated, resulting in rapid, reproducible, and high-throughput testing of transplant patients. To increase the efficiency of such assays, the performance and stability of four commercial preassembled frozen fast qPCR master mixes (Roche FastStart Universal Probe Master Mix with Rox, Bio-Rad SsoFast Probes Supermix with Rox, Life Technologies TaqMan FastAdvanced Master Mix, and Life Technologies Fast Universal PCR Master Mix), in combination with in-house designed primers and probes, was evaluated using controls and standards from standard CMV and BK assays. A subsequent parallel evaluation using patient samples was performed comparing the performance of freshly prepared assay mixes versus aliquoted frozen master mixes made with two of the fast qPCR mixes (Life Technologies TaqMan FastAdvanced Master Mix, and Bio-Rad SsoFast Probes Supermix with Rox), chosen based on their performance and compatibility with existing PCR cycling conditions. The data demonstrate that the frozen master mixes retain excellent performance over a period of at least 10 weeks. During the parallel testing using clinical specimens, no difference in quantitative results was observed between the preassembled frozen master mixes and freshly prepared master mixes. Preassembled fast real-time qPCR frozen master mixes perform well and represent an additional strategy laboratories can implement to reduce assay preparation times, and to minimize technical errors and effort necessary to perform clinical PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Glover
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Virology Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ederlyn E Atienza
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Virology Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shannon Nesbitt
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Virology Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Woo J Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Virology Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jared Castor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Virology Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Linda Cook
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Virology Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Keith R Jerome
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Virology Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
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6
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Arnaldi R, Banicz K, Castor J, Chaurand B, Cicalò C, Colla A, Cortese P, Damjanovic S, David A, de Falco A, Devaux A, Ducroux L, En'yo H, Fargeix J, Ferretti A, Floris M, Förster A, Force P, Guettet N, Guichard A, Gulkanian H, Heuser JM, Keil M, Kluberg L, Lourenço C, Lozano J, Manso F, Martins P, Masoni A, Neves A, Ohnishi H, Oppedisano C, Parracho P, Pillot P, Poghosyan T, Puddu G, Radermacher E, Ramalhete P, Rosinsky P, Scomparin E, Seixas J, Serci S, Shahoyan R, Sonderegger P, Specht HJ, Tieulent R, Usai G, Veenhof R, Wöhri HK. First results on angular distributions of thermal dileptons in nuclear collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:222301. [PMID: 19658858 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.222301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The NA60 experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron has studied dimuon production in 158A GeV In-In collisions. The strong excess of pairs above the known sources found in the complete mass region 0.2<M<2.6 GeV has previously been interpreted as thermal radiation. We now present first results on the associated angular distributions. Using the Collins-Soper reference frame, the structure function parameters lambda, mu, and nu are measured to be zero, and the projected distributions in polar and azimuth angles are found to be uniform. The absence of any polarization is consistent with the interpretation of the excess dimuons as thermal radiation from a randomized system.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arnaldi
- Università di Torino and INFN, Italy
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7
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Lee HJ, Neumayer P, Castor J, Döppner T, Falcone RW, Fortmann C, Hammel BA, Kritcher AL, Landen OL, Lee RW, Meyerhofer DD, Munro DH, Redmer R, Regan SP, Weber S, Glenzer SH. X-ray Thomson-scattering measurements of density and temperature in shock-compressed beryllium. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:115001. [PMID: 19392206 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present the first x-ray scattering measurements of the state of compression and heating in laser irradiated solid beryllium. The scattered spectra at two different angles show Compton and plasmon features indicating a dense Fermi-degenerate plasma state with a Fermi energy above 30 eV and with temperatures in the range of 10-15 eV. These measurements indicate compression by a factor of 3 in agreement with Hugoniot data and detailed radiation-hydrodynamic modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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8
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Arnaldi R, Banicz K, Castor J, Chaurand B, Cicalò C, Colla A, Cortese P, Damjanovic S, David A, de Falco A, Devaux A, Ducroux L, En'yo H, Fargeix J, Ferretti A, Floris M, Förster A, Force P, Guettet N, Guichard A, Gulkanian H, Heuser JM, Keil M, Kluberg L, Lourenço C, Lozano J, Manso F, Martins P, Masoni A, Neves A, Ohnishi H, Oppedisano C, Parracho P, Pillot P, Poghosyan T, Puddu G, Radermacher E, Ramalhete P, Rosinsky P, Scomparin E, Seixas J, Serci S, Shahoyan R, Sonderegger P, Specht HJ, Tieulent R, Usai G, Veenhof R, Wöhri HK. Evidence for radial flow of thermal dileptons in high-energy nuclear collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:022302. [PMID: 18232858 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.022302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The NA60 experiment at the CERN SPS has studied low-mass dimuon production in 158A GeV In-In collisions. An excess of pairs above the known meson decays has been reported before. We now present precision results on the associated transverse momentum spectra. The slope parameter Teff extracted from the spectra rises with dimuon mass up to the rho, followed by a sudden decline above. While the initial rise is consistent with the expectations for radial flow of a hadronic decay source, the decline signals a transition to an emission source with much smaller flow. This may well represent the first direct evidence for thermal radiation of partonic origin in nuclear collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arnaldi
- Università di Torino and INFN, Torino, Italy
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9
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Arnaldi R, Banicz K, Castor J, Chaurand B, Cicalò C, Colla A, Cortese P, Damjanovic S, David A, de Falco A, Devaux A, Ducroux L, En'yo H, Fargeix J, Ferretti A, Floris M, Förster A, Force P, Guettet N, Guichard A, Gulkanian H, Heuser JM, Keil M, Kluberg L, Lourenço C, Lozano J, Manso F, Martins P, Masoni A, Neves A, Ohnishi H, Oppedisano C, Parracho P, Pillot P, Poghosyan T, Puddu G, Radermacher E, Ramalhete P, Rosinsky P, Scomparin E, Seixas J, Serci S, Shahoyan R, Sonderegger P, Specht HJ, Tieulent R, Usai G, Veenhof R, Wöhri HK. J/psi production in Indium-Indium collisions at 158 GeV/nucleon. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:132302. [PMID: 17930580 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.132302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The NA60 experiment studies muon pair production at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. In this Letter we report on a precision measurement of J/psi in In-In collisions. We have studied the J/psi centrality distribution, and we have compared it with the one expected if absorption in cold nuclear matter were the only active suppression mechanism. For collisions involving more than approximately 80 participant nucleons, we find that an extra suppression is present. This result is in qualitative agreement with previous Pb-Pb measurements by the NA50 experiment, but no theoretical explanation is presently able to coherently describe both results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arnaldi
- Università di Torino and INFN, Italy
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10
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Castor J, Cook L, Corey L, Jerome KR. Rapid detection directly from patient serum samples of human cytomegalovirus UL97 mutations conferring ganciclovir resistance. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 45:2681-3. [PMID: 17537934 PMCID: PMC1951258 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00526-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus can cause disease and death in transplant recipients. We describe here a rapid PCR- and sequencing-based assay for ganciclovir resistance that can be performed in 1 to 2 working days directly from patient specimens, without the need for amplification of the virus by cell culture. An evaluation of 120 sequential samples submitted for clinical testing revealed a variety of silent and amino acid mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Castor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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11
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Arnaldi R, Averbeck R, Banicz K, Castor J, Chaurand B, Cicalò C, Colla A, Cortese P, Damjanovic S, David A, De Falco A, Devaux A, Drees A, Ducroux L, En'yo H, Fargeix J, Ferretti A, Floris M, Förster A, Force P, Guettet N, Guichard A, Gulkanian H, Heuser JM, Keil M, Kluberg L, Lourenço C, Lozano J, Manso F, Masoni A, Martins P, Neves A, Ohnishi H, Oppedisano C, Parracho P, Pillot P, Puddu G, Radermacher E, Ramalhete P, Rosinsky P, Scomparin E, Seixas J, Serci S, Shahoyan R, Sonderegger P, Specht HJ, Tieulent R, Usai G, Veenhof R, Wöhri HK. First measurement of the rho spectral function in high-energy nuclear collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:162302. [PMID: 16712218 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.162302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We report on a precision measurement of low-mass muon pairs in 158 AGeV indium-indium collisions at the CERN SPS. A significant excess of pairs is observed above the yield expected from neutral meson decays. The unprecedented sample size of 360,000 dimuons and the good mass resolution of about 2% allow us to isolate the excess by subtraction of the decay sources. The shape of the resulting mass spectrum is consistent with a dominant contribution from pi+pi- -->rho -->mu+mu- annihilation. The associated space-time averaged spectral function shows a strong broadening, but essentially no shift in mass. This may rule out theoretical models linking hadron masses directly to the chiral condensate.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Arnaldi
- Università di Torino and INFN, Turin, Italy
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Avan M, Baldit A, Castor J, Fargeix J, Fonvieille H, Force P, Guelou JL, Harradi B, Landaud G, Didelez JP, Reide F, Bernheim M, Gerard A, Magnon A, Marchand C, Morgenstern J, Picard J, Vernin AP, Jackson H. High momentum components in nuclei. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1988; 37:231-238. [PMID: 9954432 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.37.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Young RC, Castor J, Hudson P. Attitude clusters in birth control counseling by social workers. Am J Public Health 1971; 61:1832-9. [PMID: 4935616 PMCID: PMC1529933 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.61.9.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Castor J, Kurtz E. A practical social work program for aftercare patients. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1966; 17:25-8. [PMID: 5900387 DOI: 10.1176/ps.17.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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