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Saien J, Bahiraei M, Jafari F. A green hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for extraction of phenol from aqueous phase. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17449. [PMID: 37838740 PMCID: PMC10576737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), have been recognized as effective materials for the extraction of different compounds. In this study, the performance of a novel hydrophobic DES was evaluated for the extraction of phenol from aqueous solutions. Octanoic and dodecanoic fatty acid precursors with a definite molar ratio of 3:1, respectively, were used for the DES having a low melting point of 8.3 °C. The purity and stability of the product were confirmed via characterizing by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR methods. The liquid-liquid equilibrium of the water + phenol + DES ternary system at different temperatures of 293.2, 298.2 and 308.2 K was accordingly studied through cloud point titration method and refractive index measurement. Interestingly, the important parameters of the solute distribution coefficient and the separation factor were, respectively, within the high levels of (6.8321-9.7787) and (895.76-2770.17), indicating the amazing capability of the DES. Reasonably, both of these parameters decreased with temperature. The NRTL and UNIQUAC thermodynamic models were employed to reproduce the obtained tie-lines and to determine the interaction parameters at each temperature. The low level root mean square deviations for the mentioned models were, respectively, within (0.0014-0.0027) and (0.0045-0.0063); confirming satisfactorily agreement with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Department of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Mansoureh Bahiraei
- Department of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Farnaz Jafari
- Department of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Saien J, Kharazi M, Shokri B, Torabi M, Zolfigol MA. A comparative study on the design and application of new nano benzimidazolium gemini ionic liquids for curing interfacial properties of the crude oil-water system. RSC Adv 2023; 13:15747-15761. [PMID: 37235109 PMCID: PMC10206521 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01783d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gemini surface active ionic liquids (GSAILs) are considered a new prosperous class of ionic liquids and recognized as high performance materials. The present study explores the capabilities of the newly synthesized GSAILs, constructed from two benzimidazole rings attached via a four or a six carbon spacer, namely [C4benzim-Cn-benzimC4][Br2], n = 4 and 6. The products were characterized with FT-IR, NMR, XRD, TGA, DTG and SEM methods and were used in curing interfacial properties of the crude oil-water system. The interfacial tension (IFT) was reduced to about 64 and 71% under critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) of 0.028 and 0.025 mol dm-3 at 298.2 K for n = 4 and 6 GSAILs, respectively. Temperature significantly assisted this effect. Both the GSAILs could transfer the wettability of the solid surface from oil-wet to water-wet. Further, stable oil/water emulsions were produced, having emulsion indices of 74.2 and 77.3% for n = 4 and 6 GSAILs, respectively. Compared to homologous imidazolium GSAILs, the benzimidazolium products revealed better performance in the sense of exhibiting desired effects on the investigated interfacial properties. These can be attributed to the stronger hydrophobicity of the benzimidazolium rings as well as better spreading of the molecular charges. The Frumkin isotherm could exactly reproduce the IFT data, leading to precise determination of the important adsorption and thermodynamic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838695 Iran
| | - Mona Kharazi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838695 Iran
| | - Behnaz Shokri
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838695 Iran
| | - Morteza Torabi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838695 Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zolfigol
- Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838695 Iran
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Kharazi M, Saien J. Upgrading the Properties of the Crude Oil-Water System for EOR with Simultaneous Effects of a Homologous Series of NanoGemini Surface-Active Ionic Liquids, Electrolytes, and pH. ACS Omega 2022; 7:40042-40053. [PMID: 36385885 PMCID: PMC9647866 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the simultaneous effects of electrolytes, NaCl and MgCl2 electrolytes, individually and as a mixture, and pH on a homologous series of imidazolium nano-Gemini surface-active ionic liquids (GSAILs), [C4im-C m -imC4][Br2], where m = 2, 4, and 6. These can improve the properties of the crude oil-water system and consequently enhance the oil recovery. The results precisely revealed that interfacial tension (IFT) and critical micelle concentration were initially decreased with electrolyte concentration up to 55.7 and 58.6%, respectively, in comparison to the salt-free condition, followed by a slight increase. Moreover, adjusting the pH can provide a further improvement so that 79.2% IFT reduction is attained at pH 9.5 compared to that at the natural pH and that GSAILs show high stability in the pH range of 2.5-9.5. Meanwhile, aqueous solutions of crude oil and electrolyte presented 1 day emulsification indices within 43-53%, followed by minor changes after 1 week. Interestingly, the emulsification index of 77.1% was attained at pH 9.5. Surface wettability was also favorably altered from oil-wet to water-wet with the nanoGSAILs. The findings of this study help gain a better understanding of the effects of nanosurface active materials to improve oil extraction under reservoir conditions.
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Jafari F, Saien J, Rashidi A. Mass transfer intensification for carbon quantum dot nanofluid drops under pulsed electric fields. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12210. [PMID: 35842557 PMCID: PMC9288446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16663-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous use of carbon quantum dot (CQD) nanofluids and pulsed electric fields exhibits amazing mass transfer intensification in liquid–liquid extraction of circulating drops. Here, the chemical system of kerosene–acetic acid–water with mass transfer resistance in the organic phase was used in which organic nanofluid drops contained CQD or modified CQD-Fe. These products with extremely small sizes of 7.2 and 13.4 nm were synthesized and characterized by DLS, Zeta potential, XRD, EDS and SEM techniques. To find optimum conditions, CQD concentrations within (0.0005–0.003) wt%, electric field frequencies within (50–550) Hz and electric field strengths to 16 V/cm were examined. From hydrodynamic point of view, the flow pattern of drops was in circulating mode, and that terminal velocity of drops correctly followed the Grace model. The substantial effect of pulsed electric field on the CQD and CQD-Fe nanofluids, brought about mass transfer enhancements to 263.5 and 291.6%. This can be attributed to the electro-induced motion of global CQDs with pulsed electric fields. For the aim of modelling, the adapted Kumar and Hartland equation with a developed correlation of the enhancement factor versus involved dimensionless variables were satisfactory to reproduce the mass transfer coefficient data.
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Saien J, Kharazi M, Pino V, Pacheco-Fernández I. Trends offered by ionic liquid-based surfactants: Applications in stabilization, separation processes, and within the petroleum industry. Separation & Purification Reviews 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2022.2052094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mona Kharazi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Verónica Pino
- Laboratorio de Materiales para Análisis Químico (MAT4LL), Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 Tenerife, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación de Bioanalítica y Medioambiente, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Idaira Pacheco-Fernández
- Laboratorio de Materiales para Análisis Químico (MAT4LL), Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 Tenerife, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación de Bioanalítica y Medioambiente, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 Tenerife, Spain
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Kharazi M, Saien J, Asadabadi S. Review on Amphiphilic Ionic Liquids as New Surfactants: From Fundamentals to Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 380:5. [PMID: 34842981 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00362-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The demand for lowering interfacial tension (IFT) in different processes has persuaded researchers to use stable and resistant surfactants with low environmental impact. For this purpose, surface-active ionic liquids (SAILs) have attracted much attention owing to their good amphiphilic nature and prominent properties like recyclability and high performance under harsh conditions. This review initially explains how the IFT and critical micelle concentration of different systems vary in the presence of different SAILs with a variety of alkyl chain lengths, head groups, and counter anions. Towards this aim, some physicochemical properties of SAILs as well as the corresponding theoretical aspects of adsorption are considered. Then, recent advances in utilizing SAILs for reducing IFT of different chemical systems are surveyed. Relevantly, the role of important operating parameters of temperature, pH, presence of electrolytes, and the chemical nature of involved phases are adequately discussed. Further, an overview of different SAILs applications in stabilization, separation, and in petroleum industries is scrutinized. To allow better judgment, precise comparisons between different types of SAILs and conventional surfactants are provided. Finally, challenges and possible directions of future research on SAILs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Kharazi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Simin Asadabadi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174, Hamedan, Iran
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Pourehie O, Saien J. Solar driven homogeneous sodium hypochlorite/iron process in treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater for reusing. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Saien J, Razi Asrami M. Comparative studies on the performance of ionic liquid and conventional solvent drops in extraction of phenol from water. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Jafari
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
| | - Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
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Razi Asrami M, Tran NN, Saien J, Hessel V. Mass Transfer Characterization of Ionic Liquid Solvents for Extracting Phenol from Aqueous Phase in a Microscale Coiled Flow Inverter. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Razi Asrami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan 65174, Iran
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Nam Nghiep Tran
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Can Tho University, Can Tho 910000, Vietnam
| | - Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan 65174, Iran
| | - Volker Hessel
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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Saien J, Marzban V, Karamian R. Saponin-rich extract from Glycyrrhiza glabra plant, a safe matter for low interfacial tension oil/water extraction. J IRAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-019-01844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hashemi S, Saien J. Highly efficient [C8mim][Cl] ionic liquid accompanied with magnetite nanoparticles and different salts for interfacial tension reduction. Chin J Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kasmaee M, Varaminian F, Khadiv-Parsi P, Saien J. STUDY OF PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE COALESCENCE OF DIMETHYL DISULFIDE DROPS IN A MEROX UNIT. Braz J Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20190364s20180569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kharazi M, Saien J, Yarie M, Zolfigol MA. Different spacer homologs of gemini imidazolium ionic liquid surfactants at the interface of crude oil-water. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hasanpour F, Saien J. Incorporating Pb 2+ Templates into the Crystalline Structure of MnO 2 Catalyst Supported on Monolith : Applications in H 2O 2 Decomposition. ACS Omega 2019; 4:16638-16650. [PMID: 31616846 PMCID: PMC6788044 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Several MnO2 catalysts, promoted with Pb2+ ions and supported on a wash-coated monolith (WMon), briefly, xPbyMn-WMon (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 and y = 8 wt %), were prepared. The presence of Pb2+ affects the manganese oxidation state, crystalline phase, thermal resistance, metal dispersion, and catalytic performance. According to XPS spectra, XRD patterns and HRTEM images, manganese was dispersed on the monolith surface as Mn3+ and Mn4+ species in both α and β crystalline phases. The ratios of Mn4+/Mn3+ states and α/β phases were highly enhanced, and the desired Pb x Mn8O16 phase (coronadite) was formed. Concentrations of the defect oxygen (Mn-O-H) and oxygen vacancies, which improve the catalyst reducibility and the MnO2 reduction temperature, were also increased. Further, based on the H2 chemisorption analysis, the Pb2+ template would increase the manganese dispersion and the reaction sites. Meanwhile, the average MnO2 crystallite size was decreased from 13.26 to 8.15 nm. The optimum catalyst 1.5Pb8Mn-WMon exhibited an activity 149% more than the manganese-only catalyst in decomposition of H2O2. Evaluation of catalyst stability in the presence of Pb2+ after 10 recycles showed only a 6.8% decrease. The catalytic reaction was evaluated based on different criteria.
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Hashemi S, Saien J. Equilibrium and dynamic interfacial tensions of oil/water in the presence of an imidazolium ionic liquid strengthen with magnetite nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.02.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Saien J, Kharazi M, Yarie M, Zolfigol MA. Systematic Investigation of a Surfactant Type Nano Gemini Ionic Liquid and Simultaneous Abnormal Salt Effects on Crude Oil/Water Interfacial Tension. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Saien J, Azizi A, Ghamari F. Simultaneous photocatalytic reduction/degradation of divalent nickel/naphthalene pollutants in aqueous solutions. Water Sci Technol 2019; 79:240-250. [PMID: 30865595 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Toxic heavy metals and organic pollutants simultaneously exist in the wastewater of some industries. This study explores reduction of toxic divalent nickel ions, from either nitrate or sulfate salts, coupled with naphthalene (NA) degradation using titania photocatalyst in an efficient photo-sono reactor. A synergism appears when reduction and degradation treatments occur simultaneously in the media. With initial concentrations of [Ni(II)]0 = 5 mg/L and [NA]0 = 10 mg/L, under dominant mild conditions, removal efficiencies of 54.5% and 56.6% were obtained for Ni(II) and NA, respectively, when nickel nitrate was used. These efficiencies were enhanced to 59.2% and 57.5%, respectively, with nickel sulfate, all after 90 min operation. For evaluating the mechanism of reactions, reactive oxygen species analysis on solutions as well as Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analyses on the titania nanoparticles, before and after usage, was performed. The reaction kinetics was also followed for individual species in the mixed solution and, accordingly, the energy consumption was evaluated for one order of magnitude decrease in pollutant concentration. The high performance of the used method was revealed in comparison to the similar reported reduction/degradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65178-38683 Hamedan, Iran E-mail:
| | - Amir Azizi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak 3815688138, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghamari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65178-38683 Hamedan, Iran E-mail:
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Soleymani AR, Moradi V, Saien J. Artificial neural network modeling of a pilot plant jet-mixing UV/hydrogen peroxide wastewater treatment system. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1557152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Soleymani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
| | - Vahid Moradi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Javad Saien
- Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Asrami MR, Saien J. Salting-out effect on extraction of phenol from aqueous solutions by [Hmim][NTf2] ionic liquid: Experimental investigations and modeling. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kasmaee M, Varaminian F, Khadiv-Parsi P, Saien J. Effects of different surfactants and physical properties on the coalescence of dimethyl disulfide drops with mother phase at the interface of sodium hydroxide aqueous solutions. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Saien J, Fallah Vahed Bazkiaei M. Homogenous UV/periodate process in treatment of p-nitrophenol aqueous solutions under mild operating conditions. Environ Technol 2018; 39:1823-1832. [PMID: 28593815 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1340348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous solutions of p-nitrophenol (PNP) were treated with UV-activated potassium periodate (UV/KPI) in an efficient photo-reactor. Either periodate or UV alone had little effect; however, their combination led to a significant degradation and mineralization. The response surface methodology was employed for design of experiments and optimization. The optimum conditions for treatment of 30 mg/L of the substrate were determined as [KPI] = 386.3 mg/L, pH = 6.2 and T = 34.6°C, under which 79.5% degradation was achieved after 60 min. Use of 25 and 40 kHz ultrasound waves caused the degradation to enhance to 88.3% and 92.3%, respectively. The intermediates were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis, leading to propose the reaction pathway. The presence of water conventional bicarbonate, chloride, sulfate and nitrate anions caused unfavorable effects in efficiency. Meanwhile, the kinetic study showed that PNP degradation follows a pseudo-first-order reaction and the activation energy was determined. The irradiation energy consumption required for one order of magnitude degradation was estimated as 11.18 kWh/m3. Accordingly, comparison with the previously reported processes showed the superiority of PNP treatment with the employed process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- a Department of Applied Chemistry , Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan , Iran
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Saien J, Fadaei V. The study of interfacial tension of kerosene-water under influence of CTAB surfactant and different size silica nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.01.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mohammadi Sarab Badieh M, Saien J. Binary mixtures of HMIMPF 6 ionic liquid and n-butyl acetate cosolvent in the extraction of acetone from aqueous solutions. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1433665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Azizi A, Saien J. Optimization of Cr(VI) Photocatalytic Reduction by UV/TiO2 : Influence of Inorganic and Organic species and Kinetic Study. Arch Hyg Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/archhygsci.7.2.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Saien J, Daneshamoz S. Compensating effect of ultrasonic waves on retarding action of nanoparticles in drops liquid-liquid extraction. Ultrason Sonochem 2018; 41:514-520. [PMID: 29137782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The influence of ultrasonic waves on liquid-liquid extraction of circulating drops and in the presence of magnetite nanoparticles was investigated. Experiments were conducted in a column equipped with an ultrasound transducer. The frequency and intensity of received waves, measured by the hydrophone standard method, were 35.40 kHz and 0.37 mW/cm2, respectively. The recommended chemical system of cumene-isobutyric acid-water was used in which mass transfer resistance lies in the aqueous phase. Nanoparticles, within concentration range of (0.0003-0.0030) wt%, were added to the aqueous continuous phase. The presence of nanoparticles and ultrasonic waves provided no sensible change in drop size (within 2.49-4.17 mm) and measured terminal velocities were close to Grace model. However, presence of nanoparticles, caused mass transfer to decrease. This undesired effect was significantly diminished by using ultrasonic waves so that mass transfer coefficient increased from (73.0-178.2) to (130.2-240.2) µm/s, providing a 55.6% average enhancement. It is presumably due to disturbing the accumulated nanoparticles around the drops. The current innovative study highlights the fact that using ultrasonic waves is an interesting way to improve liquid-liquid extraction in the presence and absence of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174 Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Sana Daneshamoz
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174 Hamedan, Iran
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Saien J, Daneshamoz S. Experimental studies on the effect of ultrasonic waves on single drop liquid-liquid extraction. Ultrason Sonochem 2018; 40:11-16. [PMID: 28946403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The influence of ultrasonic waves on hydrodynamics and mass transfer of circulating drops in liquid-liquid extraction process was studied. The recommended chemical systems of toluene-acetic acid-water with mass transfer resistance mainly in the organic phase, and cumene-isobutyric acid-water in the aqueous phase were used. An extraction column, equipped with an ultrasonic emitter of 35.40kHz real frequency and 0.37mW/cm2 intensity, was employed. The ultrasound properties were measured using the hydrophone standard method. Drops terminal velocity was comparable with the Grace model. In mass transfer study, significant enhancement was revealed in overall mass transfer coefficient for different drop sizes and for the both mass transfer directions by using ultrasonic waves. The average and maximum enhancements were, respectively, 20.8 and 31.7% for toluene-acetic acid-water, and 40.3 and 55.1% for cumene-isobutyric acid-water. Small drops exhibited a higher enhancement percentage. Regarding the mass transfer direction, the system of cumene-isobutyric acid-water with continuous to dispersed phase direction, was benefited more as the consequence of creating effective agitation in continuous phase than in dispersed phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174 Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Sana Daneshamoz
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174 Hamedan, Iran
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Badieh MMS, Quaresima MC, Pfennig A, Saien J. Performance study of ionic liquid in extraction based on single-drop experiments. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2017.1388594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreas Pfennig
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Saien J, Hasani R. Hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of circulating single drops with effect of different size nanoparticles. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Saien J, Mesgari Z. Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using hematoporphyrin/N‐doped TiO
2
nanohybrids under visible light: Kinetics and energy consumption. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Department of Applied ChemistryBu‐Ali Sina University Hamedan 65174 Iran
| | - Zohreh Mesgari
- Department of Applied ChemistryBu‐Ali Sina University Hamedan 65174 Iran
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Saien J, Badieh MMS, Norouzi M. Experimental and theoretical assessing the salts effect on the equilibrium of water + acetone + HMIMPF6 ionic liquid system. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Asadabadi S, Saien J. Effects of pH and salinity on adsorption of different imidazolium ionic liquids at the interface of oil–water. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Saien J, Kharazi M, Asadabadi S. Adsorption behavior of long alkyl chain imidazolium ionic liquids at the n-butyl acetate + water interface. J Mol Liq 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Saien J, Azizi A, Soleymani AR. Optimized photocatalytic conversion of Ni(II) ions with very low titania nanoparticles at different temperatures; kinetics and energy consumption. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Saien J, Daliri S. Improving performance of liquid–liquid extraction with temperature for mass transfer resistance in both phases. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Saien J, Azizi A, Soleymani AR. Parameter evaluation, kinetics, and energy consumption for Cr(VI) photocatalytic reduction under mild conditions. J IRAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-014-0419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Saien J, Daliri S. Performance improving with temperature in liquid–liquid extraction using cumene–isobutyric acid–water chemical system. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Khazaei A, Saednia S, Borazjani MK, Saien J, Kiani M, Afkhami A. A novel covalent functionalisation of poly (styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) with 4-amino benzo-9-crown-3 ether. Supramol Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2013.826804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ardeshir Khazaei
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamedan, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Saednia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamedan, Hamedan, Iran
| | | | - Javad Saien
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamedan, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Kiani
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P. O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Afkhami
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamedan, Hamedan, Iran
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Saien J, Asadabadi S. Temperature effect on adsorption of imidazolium-based ionic liquids at liquid–liquid interface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Khazaei A, Saednia S, Saien J, Borazjani MK, Rahmati S, Hashempour-Zaviye A, Abbasi F. Synthesis and characterization of novel polymer-drug conjugates based on the poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) as a potential method for drug release. Acta Chim Slov 2013; 60:724-731. [PMID: 24362974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Six well known drugs, captopril, metformin-HCl, metroniazole, nortriptyline-HCl, fluoxetine-HCl and betahistin-HCl, were grafted to poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PSMA). Grafting was attained by combining of anhydride groups in the PSMA with therapeutic agents containing NH, OH or SH groups. The covalently grafted drugs were identified by infrared, (1)H NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The drug release data at different times fits well to the Korsmeyer-Peppas equation. The analysis of the exponent n of this model revealed a dominant Fickian diffusion mechanism under the in vitro conditions. Furthermore, mean dissolution time values (45.9 to 86.7 h) indicate a high resistance against drugs transport, the highest being obtained for betahistin-HCL.
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Khazaei A, Saednia S, Saien J, Kazem-Rostami M, Sadeghpour M, Borazjani MK, Abbasi F. Grafting Amino Drugs to Poly(styrene-alt-maleic Anhydride) as a Potential Method for Drug Release. J BRAZIL CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5935/0103-5053.20130145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Saien J, Moradi V. Low interfacial tension liquid–liquid extraction with impinging-jets contacting method: Influencing parameters and relationship. J IND ENG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2012.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
| | - Shabnam Daliri
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174 Hamedan, Iran
| | - Hamid Bamdadi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65174 Hamedan, Iran
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Saien J, Rezabeigy S. Alternative Influence of Binary Surfactant Mixtures on the Rate of Mass Transfer in a Liquid–Liquid Extraction Process. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1022783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu–Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65174, Iran
| | - Somayeh Rezabeigy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu–Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65174, Iran
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Haghdoost A, Dehkordi AM, Darbandi M, Shahalami M, Saien J. Combined Model of Mass-Transfer Coefficients for Clean and Contaminated Liquid−Liquid Systems. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie901076f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Haghdoost
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar M. Dehkordi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Darbandi
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Shahalami
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - J. Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Saien J, Ojaghloo Z, Soleymani A, Rasoulifard M. Homogeneous and heterogeneous AOPs for rapid degradation of Triton X-100 in aqueous media via UV light, nano titania hydrogen peroxide and potassium persulfate. Chem Eng J 2011; 167:172-182. [PMID: 32362779 PMCID: PMC7185520 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2010.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 12/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Feasibility of degradation of Triton X-100 as a widely used and resistive surfactant in aqueous media was studied via some homogeneous and heterogeneous AOPs of UV/TiO2, UV/H2O2 and UV/S2O8 2-. For treatment of solutions containing 20 mg/L of Triton, the optimum obtained conditions are: 5.0 mg/L of nano TiO2, 270.3 mg/L of KPS, and 34.0 mg/L of H2O2 (1 mM of the oxidants), initial natural pH of 5.4 and temperature of 45 °C. Under these conditions, the degradation efficiency for the UV/TiO2, UV/H2O2 and UV/S2O8 2- processes exceeds 71.9% (in 60 min), 80.9% (in 60 min) and 98.5% (in only 30 min) respectively. It was found that simultaneous application of these heterogeneous and homogeneous AOPs (UV/TiO2/H2O2 or S2O8 2-) is not desirable due to some physico-chemical retarding effects. The influence of temperature on the reactions was examined in the range of 15-45 °C and a kinetic power law model jointed with the Arrhenius equation was introduced. A pseudo first order reaction rate is appropriate for UV/S2O8 2- and UV/TiO2 processes under optimum conditions, while this order for UV/H2O2 process is 2.27. Meanwhile, the initial rates of degradation in UV/TiO2 process can be described well by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model. Analysis of energy consumptions (thermal and electrical) revealed that increasing in temperature is an effective factor for lowering the energy cost of the preferred process of UV/S2O8 2-.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Saien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu–Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
| | - Z. Ojaghloo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu–Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
| | - A.R. Soleymani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu–Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
| | - M.H. Rasoulifard
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
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