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Pahwa P, Vyas AK, Sevak JK, Singh R, Maras JS, Patra S, Sarin SK, Trehanpati N. Modulation of CD8 +T cells, NK cells and Th1cytokines by metabolic milieu in decline of HBV-viremia in pregnant women treated with tenofovir-disoproxil from second trimester of pregnancy. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 162:104208. [PMID: 38367478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
High HBV DNA levels predispose to mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HBV. Early nucleotide analogue (NA) therapy can reduce HBV DNA and minimize MTCT. We analysed immune-metabolic profile in pregnant mothers who received NA from 2nd trimester compared with untreated mothers. In 2nd trimester, there was no difference in immune profiles between Gr.1 and Gr.2 but high viral load women had downregulated pyruvate, NAD+ metabolism but in 3rd trimester, Gr.1 had significant reduction in HBV-DNA, upregulated pyruvate and NAD with increased IFN-2αA, CD8Tcells, NK cells and decreased Tregs, IL15, IL18, IL29, TGFβ3 compared to Gr.2. In Gr.1, three eAg-ve women showed undetectable DNA and HBsAg. At delivery, Gr.1 showed no MTCT, with undetectable HBV DNA, HBsAg, high CD8 and NK cells in two women. We conclude, that starting NA from second trimester, reduces HBV load and MTCT, modulates NAD, induces immunity and suggest use of NA in early gestation in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjyoti Pahwa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Vyas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayesh Kumar Sevak
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaswinder Singh Maras
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sharda Patra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Harding Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv K Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Nirupama Trehanpati
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Khan S, Anwer A, Sevak JK, Trehanpati N, Kazim SN. Cytokines Expression Compared to the Determinants of Cellular Apoptosis Prominently Attributes to the Deleterious Effects of 'A' Determinant Surface Gene Mutations in HBV Transfected Hepatoma Cell Line. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:224-240. [PMID: 38095846 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2288841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have explored the role of AKT protein in anti-apoptotic/proliferative activities. However, there has been a lack of information regarding the role of Akt in association with cytokines expression in HBV-related (wild type HBV and HBV with mutations of 'a' determinant region) studies either in the case of HBV infection or in transfected hepatoma cells. The present study tries to determine the role of Akt and cytokines expression in the presence of small surface gene mutants in the hepatoma cell line. METHODS Mutations of 'a' determinant region, viz. sA128V and sG145R, were created in wild-type pHBV1.3 by site-directed mutagenesis and transfected in hepatoma cell line. Secretory levels of HBsAg in the wild type as well as in both the mutants were analyzed by ELISA. Apoptotic analysis of transfected cells was studied by flow cytometry. Expression analysis of Akt and cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IFN-gamma) was done by qPCR. RESULTS The presence of significantly more alive cells in sG145R than sA128V transfected cells may be due to the up-regulation of the Akt gene expression. Cytokines expression was nearly similar between sA128V and wild-type pHBV1.3 transfected cells. Presence of sG145R showed dramatically high cytokines expression than sA128V and wild-type pHBV1.3. CONCLUSION Cytokines expression predominantly contributes to the detrimental effects associated with the 'a' determinant region mutations particularly sG145R mutant. It may also be inferred that mechanisms associated with cellular apoptosis apparently do not play any major role to assign the 'a' determinant small surface gene mutation(s) for their pathological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saniya Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ayesha Anwer
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayesh Kumar Sevak
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nirupama Trehanpati
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Naqui Kazim
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Islam M, Sevak JK, Sharma MK, Jindal A, Vyas AK, Bajpai M, Ramakrishna G, Sarin SK, Trehanpati N. Immune predictors of hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion in patients with hepatitis B reactivation. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023; 57:689-708. [PMID: 36411952 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion is sometimes observed in hepatitis B reactivation (rHBV), probably due to immune resetting and differentiation. AIMS To investigate sequential immune differentiation and abrogation of tolerance in patients with rHBV who achieved HBsAg seroconversion. METHODS We included 19 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHBV; HBV DNA log103-8 ), 67 with rHBV (raised ALT [>5XULN], HBV DNAlog104-8 ) and 10 healthy controls. Immune differentiation, tolerance and functional status of CD4, CD8, T regulatory cells (Tregs), B cells and follicular T helper (Tfh) cells were assessed at baseline and 24 weeks. RESULTS At 24 weeks, 81% rHBV (n = 67) lost HBV DNA and HBeAg (41%), and 12 (19%) lost HBsAg and made anti-HBs titers >10 IU/ml. rHBV patients had higher Th1/17, TEM , Tfh, Tfh1/17, plasma and ATM B cells, and lower Tregs, Th2, Th17 and TEMRA expression. rHBV showed lower PD1, TIM3, LAG3, SLAM and TOX compared to CHBV. There was a significant increase in CD8, CD8EM, Tfh, Tfh1/17 and plasma B cells in seroconverters than non-seroconverters. At 24 weeks, we also observed increased plasma B cell frequency in seroconverters. While non-seroconverters showed higher expression of PD1, TIM3, LAG3, SLAM and TOX on CD4/CD8 T cells, blockade of PD1, TIM3, LAG3 and CTLA4 significantly enhanced IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-21 expression on CD4/CD8 and Tfh cells in non-seroconverters. CONCLUSIONS Non-seroconverters have increased inhibitory markers on CD4/CD8 T cells. There is a critical play of CD8, Tfh and B cells and subsets in seroclearance, along with checkpoint molecules as a potential therapy for non-seroconverters in HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojahidul Islam
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayesh Kumar Sevak
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Vyas
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenu Bajpai
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gayatri Ramakrishna
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nirupma Trehanpati
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Sevak JK, Gopinath SD. Generation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Tissue and their Differentiation into the Skeletal Muscle Lineage. J Vis Exp 2022. [DOI: 10.3791/63725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Singh R, Hemati H, Bajpai M, Yadav P, Maheshwari A, Kumar S, Agrawal S, Sevak JK, Islam M, Mars JS, Sarin SK, Trehanpati N. Sustained expression of inflammatory monocytes and activated T cells in COVID-19 patients and recovered convalescent plasma donors. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:1279-1290. [PMID: 34363351 PMCID: PMC8427128 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intense monocyte activation and infiltration into the target tissues are the main mechanisms of lung injury in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. A reduction in the degree and nature of such cellular responses is expected following recovery. We aimed to investigate the immune responses in moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and recovered patients. METHODS Moderate COVID-19 patients (n = 34) at Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, and COVID-19 recovered patients (n = 15) from the mild disease who were considered for convalescent plasma (COPLA) donation at the Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi and healthy individuals (n = 10), were recruited. We have assessed 21 plasma cytokines using cytokine bead array, performed proteomics on serum proteins, and analyzed immune cells using a detailed multicolor flow cytometry. RESULTS A significant increase in inflammatory markers such as macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)1-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and Leptin was observed in the moderate patients. Nonsurvivors additionally showed increased interleukin (IL)-6 levels. Consistently, the proteomics analysis showed the signatures of cytokine production and interferon-γ response, and increased level of acute-phase protein SAA1 in the serum of COVID-19 patients. Despite the sustained expression of MIPs, the recovered COPLA donors showed a surge in MCSF and IL-18 levels. Both the groups had increased CCR2, CX3CR1 positive monocytes, low CD8+ T cells, A proliferation-inducing ligand, and B-cell activating factor receptor+ B cells compared with healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS Patients who have recovered and considered for COPLA donations still have compromised immunity with sustained expression of inflammatory monocytes and activated T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Hamed Hemati
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Meenu Bajpai
- Department of Transfusion MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Pushpa Yadav
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Ashish Maheshwari
- Department of Transfusion MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of MedicineLok Nayak Jai Prakash HospitalNew DelhiIndia
| | - Sonal Agrawal
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Jayesh Kumar Sevak
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Mojahidul Islam
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Jaswinder Singh Mars
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Shiv K Sarin
- Department of HepatologyInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Nirupama Trehanpati
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
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Mishra S, Sevak JK, Das A, Arimbasseri GA, Bhatnagar S, Gopinath SD. Umbilical cord tissue is a robust source for mesenchymal stem cells with enhanced myogenic differentiation potential compared to cord blood. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18978. [PMID: 33149204 PMCID: PMC7642376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from two different sources of fetal tissues such as umbilical cord blood (UCB) and tissue (UCT) into skeletal muscle have remained underexplored. Here, we present a comparative analysis of UCB and UCT MSCs, in terms of surface markers, proliferation and senescence marker expression. We find that CD45-CD34- MSCs obtained from UCT and UCB of term births display differences in the combinatorial expression of key MSC markers CD105 and CD90. Importantly, UCT MSCs display greater yield, higher purity, shorter culture time, and lower rates of senescence in culture compared to UCB MSCs. Using a robust myogenic differentiation protocol, we show that UCT MSCs differentiate more robustly into muscle than UCB MSCs by transcriptomic sequencing and specific myogenic markers. Functional assays reveal that CD90, and not CD105 expression promotes myogenic differentiation in MSCs and could explain the enhanced myogenic potential of UCT MSCs. These results suggest that in comparison to large volumes of UCB that are routinely used to obtain MSCs and with limited success, UCT is a more reliable, robust, and convenient source of MSCs to derive cells of the myogenic lineage for both therapeutic purposes and increasing our understanding of developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Mishra
- Pediatric Biology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Jayesh Kumar Sevak
- Pediatric Biology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Anamica Das
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shinjini Bhatnagar
- Pediatric Biology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Suchitra D Gopinath
- Pediatric Biology Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box #04, Faridabad, 121001, India.
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