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Chae J, Choi Y, Hong J, Kim N, Kim J, Lee HY, Choi J. Anticancer and Antibacterial Properties of Curcumin-Loaded Mannosylated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Lung Diseases. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2024; 7:2175-2185. [PMID: 38478917 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer and Mycobacterium avium complex infection are lung diseases associated with high incidence and mortality rates. Most conventional anticancer drugs and antibiotics have certain limitations, including high drug resistance rates and adverse effects. Herein, we aimed to synthesize mannose surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) loaded with curcumin (Man-CUR SLN) for the effective treatment of lung disease. The synthesized Man-CUR SLNs were analyzed using various instrumental techniques for structural and physicochemical characterization. Loading curcumin into SLNs improved the encapsulation efficiency and drug release capacity, as demonstrated by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Furthermore, we characterized the anticancer effect of curcumin using the A549 lung cancer cell line. Cells treated with Man-CUR SLN exhibited an increased cellular uptake and cytotoxicity. Moreover, treatment with free CUR could more effectively reduce cancer migration than treatment with Man-CUR SLNs. Similarly, free curcumin elicited a stronger apoptosis-inducing effect than that of Man-CUR SLNs, as demonstrated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. Finally, we examined the antibacterial effects of free curcumin and Man-CUR SLNs against Mycobacterium intracellulare (M.i.) and M.i.-infected macrophages, revealing that Man-CUR SLNs exerted the strongest antibacterial effect. Collectively, these findings indicate that mannose-receptor-targeted curcumin delivery using lipid nanoparticles could be effective in treating lung diseases. Accordingly, this drug delivery system can be used to target a variety of cancers and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Chae
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohye Hong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Namju Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 61, Daehak-ro, Gumi-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Chae J, Kang SH, Kim J, Choi Y, Kang SH, Choi J. Targeted and efficient delivery of rifampicin to macrophages involved in non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection via mannosylated solid lipid nanoparticles. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:4536-4545. [PMID: 37638172 PMCID: PMC10448360 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00320e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections are representative difficult-to-cure lung diseases with high incidence. Conventional treatments have several limitations such as negative side effects and increased drug resistance due to long-term administration. To overcome these limitations, there is a growing need for more stable drug delivery systems. Among the various drug delivery platforms developed thus far, solid lipid nanoparticles can be effectively loaded with hydrophobic substances and their physicochemical properties can be easily manipulated through surface modification, which makes them highly suitable drug delivery materials. Recent studies have reported the successful development of nanoparticles capable of selectively delivering drugs by targeting lectin-like receptors overexpressed on the surface of immune cells. Among these lectin-like receptors, the mannose receptor is a promising target because it is expressed on the surface of macrophages and is involved in immune activity. This study sought to synthesize rifampicin-loaded mannose surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles (Man-RIF SLNs). The Man-RIF SLN synthesis process was first optimized, after which the characteristics of the synthesized particles were analyzed using dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The surface modification with mannose was confirmed through FT-IR analysis. More importantly, the synthesized Man-RIF SLNs exhibited antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties against Mycobacterium intracellulare, a causative agent of non-tuberculous lung disease. Therefore, this study demonstrated that mannose receptor-targeted rifampicin delivery through solid lipid nanoparticles can be effectively applied to the treatment of non-tuberculous lung disease. Moreover, Man-RIF SLNs could also be used for the targeted delivery of drugs to several types of carcinoma cells or immune cells, as well as to treat lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Chae
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Kang
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine Seoul 06973 Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine Seoul 06973 Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hyuk Kang
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine Seoul 06973 Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
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Khan MS, Baskoy SA, Yang C, Hong J, Chae J, Ha H, Lee S, Tanaka M, Choi Y, Choi J. Lipid-based colloidal nanoparticles for applications in targeted vaccine delivery. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:1853-1869. [PMID: 36998671 PMCID: PMC10044484 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00795a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive molecules and their effects have been influenced by their solubility and administration route. In many therapeutic reagents, the performance of therapeutics is dependent on physiological barriers in the human body and delivery efficacy. Therefore, an effective and stable therapeutic delivery promotes pharmaceutical advancement and suitable biological usage of drugs. In the biological and pharmacological industries, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a potential carrier to deliver therapeutics. Since studies reported doxorubicin-loaded liposomes (Doxil®), LNPs have been applied to numerous clinical trials. Lipid-based nanoparticles, including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nanostructured lipid nanoparticles, have also been developed to deliver active ingredients in vaccines. In this review, we present the type of LNPs used to develop vaccines with attractive advantages. We then discuss messenger RNA (mRNA) delivery for the clinical application of mRNA therapeutic-loaded LNPs and recent research trend of LNP-based vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Khan
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University 350 Victoria Street Toronto M5B2K3 Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), St. Michael's Hospital 209 Victoria Street Toronto M5B1W8 Canada
| | - Sila Appak Baskoy
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), St. Michael's Hospital 209 Victoria Street Toronto M5B1W8 Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Faculty of Science 350 Victoria Street Toronto M5B2K3 ON Canada
| | - Celina Yang
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University 350 Victoria Street Toronto M5B2K3 Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), St. Michael's Hospital 209 Victoria Street Toronto M5B1W8 Canada
| | - Joohye Hong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Chae
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Ha
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama-shi 226-8503 Kanagawa Japan
| | - Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
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Canlas KKV, Hong J, Chae J, Seo HW, Kang SH, Choi J, Park H. Trends in nano-platforms for the treatment of viral infectious diseases. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2023; 40:706-713. [PMID: 37025620 PMCID: PMC10026216 DOI: 10.1007/s11814-023-1388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Viral diseases have always been a major health issue, from the currently eradicated poliovirus to the still unresolved human immunodeficiency virus, and have since become a recent global threat brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Pathogenic viruses easily spread through various means such as contaminated food and water intake, exchange of bodily fluids, or even inhalation of airborne particles mainly due to their miniscule size. Furthermore, viral coats contain virulent proteins which trigger assimilation into target cells on contact through either direct penetration or induction of endocytosis. In some viruses their outer envelope contains masking ligands that create a means of escape from detection of immune cells. To deal with the nanometer size range and biomolecular-based invasion mechanism, nanoparticles are highly suitable for the treatment. The review highlights the progress in nanoparticle technology, particularly viral therapeutics, including therapeutic strategies and existing clinical applications.
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Chang MY, Kie JH, Chae J, Lee JK. Partial excision of schwannomatosis with fascicular invasion occurring in the ulnar nerve above the elbow: A 1-year follow-up study. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2023:S0294-1260(23)00004-3. [PMID: 36801116 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Although not as common as solitary lesions, multiple schwannomas do occur, even in single nerve lesions. We report a rare case of a 47-year-old female patient who presented with multiple schwannomas with inter-fascicular invasion in the ulnar nerve above the cubital tunnel. Preoperative MRI revealed a 10-cm multilobulated tubular mass along the ulnar nerve above the elbow joint. During excision under 4.5° loupe magnification, we separated three ovoid yellow-colored neurogenic tumors of different sizes, but there were still remaining lesions as it was difficult to completely separate lesions from the ulnar nerve due to the risk of iatrogenic nerve ulnar nerve injury. The operative wound was closed. Postoperative biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of the three schwannomas. During the follow-up, the patient recovered without neurological symptom or limitations in range of motion, and there were no neurological abnormalities. At 1year after surgery, small lesions remained in the most proximal part. However, the patient had no clinical symptoms and was satisfied with the surgical results. Although a long-term follow-up is necessary for this patient, we were able to obtain good clinical and radiological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-Y Chang
- Department of Radiology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - J H Kie
- Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - J Chae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei university college of medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - J-K Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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Choi Y, Kim J, Chae J, Hong J, Park J, Jeong E, Kim H, Tanaka M, Okochi M, Choi J. Surface glycan targeting for cancer nano-immunotherapy. J Control Release 2022; 342:321-336. [PMID: 34998918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is an emerging therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Most of the immunotherapeutics approved by the FDA regulate the innate immune system and associated immune cell activity, with immune check inhibitors in particular having transformed the field of cancer immunotherapy due to their significant clinical potential. However, previously reported immunotherapeutics have exhibited undesirable side effects, including autoimmune toxicity and inflammation. Controlling these deleterious responses and designing therapeutics that can precisely target specific regions are thus crucial to improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Recent studies have reported that cancer cells employ glycan-immune checkpoint interactions to modulate immune cell activity. Thus, the recognition of cancer glycan moieties such as sialoglycans may improve the anticancer activity of immune cells. In this review, we discuss recent advances in cancer immunotherapies involving glycans and glycan-targeting technologies based on nanomaterial-assisted local delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Chae
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohye Hong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongjun Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunseo Jeong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-24, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Mina Okochi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-24, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Chae J, Choi Y, Tanaka M, Choi J. Inhalable nanoparticles delivery targeting alveolar macrophages for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 132:543-551. [PMID: 34538591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a highly prevalent respiratory disease that affects approximately a quarter of the world's population. The drug treatment protocol for tuberculosis is complex because the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) invades macrophages and begins to infect. Thus treatment usually includes combination therapy with several drugs such as rifampicin, pyrazinamide, isoniazid, and ethambutol over a long dosing period. Therefore, drug-delivery technologies have been developed to improve patient compliance with medication, reduce adverse effects, and increase effectiveness of the treatment. In the present review, we have discussed recent inhalable nanopharmaceutical systems for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and investigated their design and effectiveness. We examined the underlying processes and characteristics of spray-drying technology and studied the formulation of a dry carrier using spray-drying method. Moreover, we reviewed various research articles on pulmonary delivery of nanoparticles using these carriers, and studied their alveolar macrophage targeting ability and therapeutic effects. Further, we appraised the effectiveness of nanoparticle inhalation therapy for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and its potential as a treatment strategy for lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Chae
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S1-24, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Kim S, Chae J, Jung L, Lee S, Lee S, Rhee K, Kim W, Ko J, Lee J, Kim Y. Cytochrome Epoxygenase P450 2j Promote Ppar Α -Mediated Autophagy In Ob-/Ob- Rats. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Woo S, Lee S, Chae J, Rim J, Lee J, Seo J, Lee C. Automatic matching of computed tomography and stereolithography data. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2019; 175:215-222. [PMID: 31104709 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Computed tomography (CT) is one of the most frequently used medical imaging methods. An important application area of CT is dental implants, which require precise inspection and analysis of oral structures. Since CT provides a precise 3D model of the teeth, bones and nerves, it can be used as a surgical guide for dental implants. Along with CT, optical 3D images called stereolithography (STL) have also been widely used. STL images obtained from optical 3D images can be used to show the 3D surfaces of oral structures. Since CT data and STL data deploy different technologies to obtain dental information, we can obtain more accurate dental implants by combining the two datasets. Since the two datasets are acquired by using different sensors, the datasets need to be registered. METHODS An automatic matching algorithm is proposed for CT and STL image registration, which is based on depth maps and maximum intensity projection. Then, fine tuning was performed based on volume matching. RESULTS When applied to real-world databases, the proposed method provided an average matching error of 2.7 mm for the upper jaw and 2.3 mm for the lower jaw with an average processing time of about 19 s. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method performs accurate registration of CT and STL.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Woo
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
| | - S Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
| | - J Chae
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
| | - J Rim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
| | - J Lee
- Dio Implant, Seoul 182-4, South Korea.
| | - J Seo
- Dio Implant, Seoul 182-4, South Korea.
| | - C Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
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Seo MR, Chae J, Kim YM, Cha HS, Choi SJ, Oh S, Roh CR. Hydroxychloroquine treatment during pregnancy in lupus patients is associated with lower risk of preeclampsia. Lupus 2019; 28:722-730. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203319843343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is regarded as a mainstay in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) because of its efficacy in preventing flares, achieving remission, and reducing overall mortality. However, the impact of HCQ on pregnancy outcomes remains controversial. Objective We aimed to investigate the effect of HCQ on pregnancy outcomes in patients with SLE. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of 151 pregnancies in 122 patients with SLE (80 pregnancies in the HCQ treatment group and 71 pregnancies in the HCQ nontreatment group). We reviewed baseline characteristics including maternal comorbidities such as antiphospholipid syndrome, lupus nephritis, and autoimmune hepatitis. Pregnancy outcomes (preeclampsia, preterm delivery, and fetal growth restriction) and neonatal outcomes (gestational age at delivery and birth weight) were compared between HCQ treatment and nontreatment groups. Results Preeclampsia was significantly less complicated (7.5% vs 19.7%, p = 0.032) and neonatal birth weight was significantly greater (2757.0 ± 583.5 g vs 2542.3 ± 908.3 g, p = 0.001) in the HCQ treatment group than in the HCQ nontreatment group. Multiple logistic analysis adjusting for body mass index (BMI), lupus nephritis, serum uric acid, and estimated glomerular filtration rate revealed HCQ treatment was associated with exceedingly lower risk of preeclampsia in SLE pregnancy (odds ratio (OR) 0.106 (confidence interval (CI) 0.017–0.671)). Other independent risk factors for preeclampsia were a high prepregnancy BMI (OR 1.575 (CI 1.114–2.227)) and low eGFR level (OR 0.931 (CI 0.886–0.979)) before pregnancy. Conclusion Our data showed pregnancy outcomes in SLE patients can be improved in the HCQ treatment group with about 90% reduction of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Seo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Chae
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C -R Roh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim S, Yi S, Oh M, Jang BG, Nam W, Yoo YC, Lee M, Jeon H, Zoh I, Lee H, Zhang C, Kim KH, Seo J, Shim JH, Chae J, Kuk Y. Surface reconstruction and charge modulation in BaFe 2As 2 superconducting film. J Phys Condens Matter 2018; 30:315001. [PMID: 29916822 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aacd85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Whether or not epitaxially grown superconducting films have the same bulk-like superconducting properties is an important concern. We report the structure and the electronic properties of epitaxially grown Ba(Fe1-x Co x )2As2 films using scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). This film showed a different surface structure, [Formula: see text]R45° reconstruction, from those of as-cleaved surfaces from bulk crystals. The electronic structure of the grown film is different from that in bulk, and it is notable that the film exhibits the same superconducting transport properties. We found that the superconducting gap at the surface is screened at the Ba layer surface in STS measurements, and the charge density wave was observed at the surface in sample in the superconducting state.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Na J, Chae J, Choi H, Shin J, Huh C, Park K. 1323 The effects of 3-OH of kaempferol on interfollicular epidermal stem cell fate. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Choi S, Cho A, Kim S, Lim B, Kim H, Hwang H, Kim K, Chae J. Clinical and molecular spectrum of early onset LMNA -related muscular dystrophy in Korea. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chae J, Lizneva D, Sinitsyna A, Trofimova T, Blake L, Suturina L, Gavrilova-Jordan L, Azziz R, Diamond M. Metabolic features of adult and adolescent first-degree relatives of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jung L, Chae J, Kim I, Kim Y, Lee S, Lee S, Rhee K, Kim W, Ko J, Lee J. P784Can differential ventricular pacing be an alternative method when the para-hisian pacing is failed? Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Jung L, Lee J, Kim I, Lee S, Lee S, Rhee K, Chae J, Kim W. P785Ablation of only the ends of the cavotricuspid isthmus in typical atrial flutter. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Cho A, Lim B, Kim M, Kim K, Chae J. Clinical and mutational spectrum of congenital muscular dystrophy with defective alpha-dystroglycan glycosylation in Korea. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chae J, Yang HI, Kim B, Park SJ, Jeon JY. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients' Participation, Attitude and Preferences Toward Exercise. Int J Sports Med 2016; 37:665-70. [PMID: 27191208 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-103244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the level of exercise participation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to investigate their intention, attitude and preference toward exercise. The data of 158 IBD patients that participated in a self-administered survey at Severance Hospital between March 2013 and November 2013 were included in this cross sectional and descriptive analysis. Questionnaires included 3 sections to determine the IBD patient's current exercise participation, attitude toward exercise, and exercise preferences. This study investigated IBD patients both collectively, and according to their specific disease: Crohn's disease (CD) (n=62), Ulcerative colitis (UC) (n=73) and intestinal Behçet's disease (BD) (n=23). IBD patients currently participate in 103 min/week of exercise including mild, moderate and strenuous intensity, with BD patients being the least active, followed by CD, and UC being most active. The majority of IBD patients found exercise to be pleasant (57.7%), beneficial (80.5%), sensible (71.8%), uplifting (61%) and good (70.5%), and 44.4% found exercise to be enjoyable. This study shows the IBD patients' participation, attitude and preferences toward exercise and provides much needed information for the development of evidence based exercise programs that are specific to IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Sport and Leisure Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - H I Yang
- Sport and Leisure Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - B Kim
- Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - S J Park
- Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - J Y Jeon
- Exercise Medicine Center for Diabetes and Cancer Patients, ICONS, Yonsei University, Korea (the Republic of )
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Katzenmeyer AM, Holland G, Chae J, Band A, Kjoller K, Centrone A. Mid-infrared spectroscopy beyond the diffraction limit via direct measurement of the photothermal effect. Nanoscale 2015; 7:17637-41. [PMID: 26458223 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04854k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
An atomic force microscope equipped with temperature sensitive probes was used to measure locally the photothermal effect induced by IR light absorption. This novel instrument opens a pathway to correlated topographical, chemical composition, and thermal mapping with nanoscale resolution. Proof of principle demonstration is provided on polymers and plasmonic samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Katzenmeyer
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
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Ryu H, Cho A, Seong M, Park S, Lee J, Lim B, Kim K, Hwang Y, Chae J. Mutation spectrum of the dystrophin gene in 507 Korean Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy patients. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Cho A, Lim B, Kim K, Hwang Y, Chae J. Relative prevalence of congenital muscular dystrophy subtypes in Korea. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kim S, Lee S, Jung L, Kim Y, Yun H, Lee S, Kim W, Ko J, Chae J. Inhibition of calpain restores cytochrome p450 2J3 mediated cardioprotection in ob-/ob- rats. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Holzinger D, Lohse P, Faßl S, Austermann J, Vogl T, de Jager W, Holland S, Gattorno M, Rodriguez-Gallego C, Arostegui J, Fessatou S, Isidor B, Ito K, Epple HJ, Bernstein J, Jeng M, Lionetti G, Ong P, Hinze C, Sampson B, Sunderkoetter C, Foell D, Chae J, Ombrello A, Brady J, Aksentijevich I, Roth J. PW02-018 - Impact of PSTPIP1 mutaions on clinical phenotype. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2013. [PMCID: PMC3953041 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-11-s1-a158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
Movement-assist devices such as neuromuscular stimulation systems can be used to generate movements in people with chronic hand paralysis due to stroke. If detectable, motor planning activity in the cortex could be used in real time to trigger a movement-assist device and restore a person's ability to perform many of the activities of daily living. Additionally, re-coupling motor planning in the cortex with assisted movement generation in the periphery may provide an even greater benefit-strengthening relevant synaptic connections over time to promote natural motor recovery. This study examined the potential for using electroencephalograms (EEGs) as a means of rapidly detecting the intent to open the hand during movement planning in individuals with moderate chronic hand paralysis following a subcortical ischemic stroke. On average, attempts to open the hand could be detected from EEGs approximately 100-500 ms prior to the first signs of movement onset. This earlier detection would minimize device activation delays and allow for tighter coupling between initial formation of the motor plan in the cortex and augmentation of that plan in the periphery by a movement-assist device. This tight temporal coupling may be important or even essential for strengthening synaptic connections and enhancing natural motor recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Muralidharan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Lin KL, Chae J, Jain K. Design and Fabrication of Large-Area, Redundant, Stretchable Interconnect Meshes Using Excimer Laser Photoablation and In Situ Masking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1109/tadvp.2009.2032158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Park J, Kim Y, Choi J, Kim Y, Hong T, Kim D, Kim K, Jeong M, Chae J, Oh S, Seong I. KOREAN ROSUVASTATIN EFFECTIVENESS STUDY IN NONDIABETIC METABOLIC SYNDROME (KREST). ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Park BK, Chae J, Lee YH, Yang G, Labatia I. Median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials and upper limb motor function in hemiparesis. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 2003; 43:169-79. [PMID: 12722694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship between median nerve somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) parameters and clinical measures of motor impairment and physical disability in the affected upper limb of patients with hemiparesis. SEP assessments were carried out in 28 long-term survivors of stroke. Stroke survivors with preserved SEPs over the affected hemisphere exhibited significantly lower motor impairment and physical disability than those with absent waveforms. Among those with preserved waveforms, SEP amplitude exhibited a weak correlation with degree of upper limb motor impairment. The correlation between SEP amplitude and physical disability was not statistically significant. Contrary to prior reports, median nerve SEP appears to have a weak correlational relationship with clinical measures of upper limb function in hemiparesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Park
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Chae J, Fang ZP, Walker M, Pourmehdi S. Intramuscular electromyographically controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation for upper limb recovery in chronic hemiplegia. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2001; 80:935-41. [PMID: 11821677 DOI: 10.1097/00002060-200112000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report three cases of survivors of chronic stroke who were treated with active repetitive movement training of the paretic finger extensors mediated by intramuscular electromyographically controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation for the purpose of motor relearning. These case reports demonstrate the feasibility of using intramuscular electromyographically controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation for facilitating the upper limb motor recovery of chronic stroke survivors with mild to moderate hemiplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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Nonaka I, Minami N, Chae J, Hayashi YK, Nishino I, Arahata K. [Recent advances in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy research]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2001; 41:1194-7. [PMID: 12235836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
In our laboratory, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) accounted for 20% of all patients with muscular dystrophy. To determine the incidence of various forms of LGMD phenotypes, we looked for mutations in the calpain 3 gene and, for deficiencies in dysferlin and sarcoglycan by immunohistochemical studies with specific antibodies on muscle biopsies from patients with probable autosomal recessive inheritance (LGMD2), which were mostly sporadic cases of LGMD. Fourteen of 276 (5%) patients examined had sarcoglycan complex deficiency (sarcoglycanopathy) and 21 of 80 (26%) had mutations in the calpain 3 gene. Although we have not performed gene analysis in all patients, 10 of 64 (15%) patients examined had no apparent immunoreactivity against the dysferlin antibody. Thus, approximately 46% of LGMD2 patients had the above 3 distinct disorders, but in 54% the causative defects remain unknown.
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Chae J, Fang ZP, Walker M, Pourmehdi S, Knutson J. Intramuscular electromyographically controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation for ankle dorsiflexion recovery in chronic hemiplegia. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2001; 80:842-7. [PMID: 11805456 DOI: 10.1097/00002060-200111000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report three cases of survivors of chronic stroke treated with active repetitive movement training of the paretic ankle dorsiflexors mediated by intramuscular electromyographically controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). These case reports demonstrate the feasibility of using intramuscular electromyographically controlled NMES for facilitating ankle dorsiflexion recovery among survivors chronic stroke with moderate hemiplegia. Relevant issues for clinical implementation and future investigations are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44109, USA
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Kobayashi H, Ranganathan P, Park N, Chae J, Mahran A, Agarwal A. Comparison of two sperm counting chambers: microcell and standard count. Fertil Steril 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02637-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chae J, Minami N, Jin Y, Nakagawa M, Murayama K, Igarashi F, Nonaka I. Calpain 3 gene mutations: genetic and clinico-pathologic findings in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2001; 11:547-55. [PMID: 11525884 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(01)00197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the calpain 3 gene have been proven to be responsible for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) type 2A. To determine the incidence and genotypes of the calpain 3 (p94) gene mutations in Japanese LGMD patients, we sequenced the gene in 80 patients with clinical characteristics of autosomal recessive or sporadic LGMD. We identified 13 distinct pathogenic mutations in 21 patients (26%), including seven missense mutations, four splice-site mutations and two insertions in which six were novel mutations. Among the 21 patients, 15 (71%) had three types of the common missense (G233V, R461C, D707G) and one insertion (1795-1796insA) mutation. The patients had slowly progressive muscle weakness with age of onset of the disease varying from 6 to 52 years, averaging 20.9. The most striking pathologic findings were the presence of lobulated fibers in 14 patients, especially in the advanced stages. Differing from Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy, opaque (hypercontracted) fibers were very rarely seen. These findings may be helpful in establishing diagnostic screening strategies in Japanese LGMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
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Yu DT, Chae J, Walker ME, Hart RL, Petroski GF. Comparing stimulation-induced pain during percutaneous (intramuscular) and transcutaneous neuromuscular electric stimulation for treating shoulder subluxation in hemiplegia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001; 82:756-60. [PMID: 11387579 DOI: 10.1053/apmr.2001.23310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether percutaneous (intramuscular) neuromuscular electric stimulation (perc-NMES) is less painful than transcutaneous neuromuscular electric stimulation (trans-NMES) for treating shoulder subluxation in hemiplegia. DESIGN Double-blind, crossover trial. SETTING University-affiliated tertiary care hospital. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 10 hemiplegic subjects with at least 1 fingerbreadth of glenohumeral subluxation. INTERVENTIONS All subjects received 3 randomly ordered pairs of perc-NMES and trans-NMES to the supraspinatus and posterior deltoid muscles of the subluxated shoulder. Both types of stimulation were optimized to provide full joint reduction with minimal discomfort. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pain was assessed after each stimulation with a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire, using the Pain Rating Index (PRI) scoring method. Subjects were asked which type of stimulation they would prefer for 6 weeks of treatment. Wilcoxon's signed-rank test was used to compare median differences in VAS and PRI between perc-NMES and trans-NMES. RESULTS Median VAS scores for perc-NMES and trans-NMES were 1 and 5.7, respectively (p = .007). Median PRI scores for perc-NMES and trans-NMES were 7 and 19.5, respectively (p = .018). Nine of the 10 subjects preferred perc-NMES to trans-NMES for treatment. CONCLUSION Data suggest that perc-NMES is less painful than trans-NMES in the treatment of shoulder subluxation in hemiplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Yu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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Abstract
We evaluated the differences in selectivity and sensitivity of intramuscular fine-wire electrodes and transcutaneous electrodes in detecting dynamic electromyography (EMG) signals from extensor digitorum (EDC) and extensor carpi radialis (ECR) muscles during isolated EDC and ECR contractions in two able-bodied subjects. Intramuscular fine-wire electrodes differentiated EDC and ECR EMG activities better than transcutaneous electrodes, and intramuscular fine-wire electrodes recorded higher amplitude signals than transcutaneous electrodes. Data suggest that intramuscular fine-wire electrodes are more selective and sensitive than transcutaneous electrodes in detecting EMG signals from adjacent forearm muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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Chae J, Yu D, Walker M. Percutaneous, intramuscular neuromuscular electrical stimulation for the treatment of shoulder subluxation and pain in chronic hemiplegia: a case report. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2001; 80:296-301. [PMID: 11277137 DOI: 10.1097/00002060-200104000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This case report describes the first survivor with chronic stroke who was treated with percutaneous, intramuscular neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for shoulder subluxation and pain. The patient developed shoulder subluxation and pain within 2 mo of his stroke. After discharge from acute inpatient rehabilitation, he developed shoulder and hand pain, which was treated with subacromial bursa steroid injection and ibuprofen with eventual resolution. The patient remained clinically stable until approximately 15 mo after his stroke-when he developed severe shoulder pain associated with shoulder abduction, external rotation, and downward traction. The patient could not tolerate transcutaneous NMES because of the pain of stimulation. At approximately 17 mo post-stroke, the patient's posterior deltoid, middle deltoid, and supraspinatus muscles were percutaneously implanted with intramuscular electrodes. After 6 wk of percutaneous, intramuscular NMES treatment, marked improvements in shoulder subluxation and pain, and modest improvements in activities of daily living and motor function were noted. One year after the onset of treatment, the patient remained pain free, but subluxation had recurred. However, the patient was able to volitionally reduce the subluxation by abducting his shoulder. The patient remained pain free for up to 40 mo after the initiation of percutaneous, intramuscular NMES treatment. This case report demonstrates the feasibility of using percutaneous, intramuscular NMES for treating shoulder subluxation and pain in hemiplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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Yu DT, Chae J, Walker ME, Fang ZP. Percutaneous intramuscular neuromuscular electric stimulation for the treatment of shoulder subluxation and pain in patients with chronic hemiplegia: a pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001; 82:20-5. [PMID: 11239281 DOI: 10.1053/apmr.2001.18666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of percutaneous intramuscular neuromuscular electric stimulation (perc-NMES) for treating shoulder subluxation and pain in patients with chronic hemiplegia. DESIGN Before-after trial. SETTING University-affiliated tertiary care hospital. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 8 neurologically stable subjects with chronic hemiplegia and shoulder subluxation. INTERVENTION Six weeks of perc-NMES to the subluxated shoulder. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Shoulder subluxation (radiograph), shoulder pain (Brief Pain Inventory), motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer score), shoulder pain-free external rotation (handheld goniometer), and disability (FIM instrument) were assessed before treatment (T1), after 6 weeks of neuromuscular stimulation (T2), and at 3-month follow-up (T3). A 1-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance using the generalized estimating equation approach was used to evaluate differences from T1 to T2 and from T1 to T3 for all outcome measures. RESULTS Subluxation (p =.0117), pain (p =.0115), shoulder pain-free external rotation (p <.0001), and disability (p =.0044) improved significantly from T1 to T2. Subluxation (p =.0066), pain (p =.0136), motor impairment (p <.0001), shoulder pain-free external rotation (p =.0234), and disability (p =.0152) improved significantly from T1 to T3. CONCLUSIONS Perc-NMES is feasible for treating shoulder dysfunction in hemiplegia and may reduce shoulder subluxation, reduce pain, improve range of motion, enhance motor recovery, and reduce disability in patients with chronic hemiplegia and shoulder subluxation. Further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Yu
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Orthopedics, MetroHealth Medical Center, and Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Abstract
The purpose of this review is to critically assess the clinical efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in treating motor dysfunction in hemiplegia. Three distinct applications are reviewed in the areas of motor relearning, shoulder dysfunction, and neuroprostheses. Assessment of clinical efficacy and recommendations on clinical implementation are based on the weight of published scientific evidence. With respect to motor relearning, evidence supports the use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation to facilitate recovery of muscle strength and coordination in hemiplegia. However, effects on physical disability are uncertain. With respect to shoulder dysfunction, neuromuscular electrical stimulation decreases shoulder subluxation, at least in the short term. However, effects on shoulder pain and disability are also uncertain. With respect to neuroprosthesis systems, clinically deployable upper extremity systems must await the development of more sophisticated control methods and greater fundamental understanding of motor dysfunction in hemiplegia. The evidence for clinical feasibility of lower extremity neuroprostheses is stronger, and investigations on clinical efficacy should be pursued. In summary, the application of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for motor relearning and shoulder dysfunction are ready for more rigorous scientific and clinical assessment via large, multicenter, randomized clinical trials. However, additional investigations are needed to demonstrate the clinical feasibility of neuroprostheses applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Center for Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Pusterla N, Johnson E, Chae J, DeRock E, Willis M, Hedrick RP, Madigan JE. Molecular detection of an Ehrlichia-like agent in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from Northern California. Vet Parasitol 2000; 92:199-207. [PMID: 10962157 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(00)00287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ehrlichia DNA was identified by nested PCR in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) collected from a creek in northern California where Potomac horse fever is endemic. Ehrlichia DNA was found in tissues from several organs including the gills, heart, spleen, liver, kidneys and intestine of trout and from three different adult digenetic trematodes (Deropegus sp., Crepidostomum sp., Creptotrema sp.) parasitizing the gallbladder and/or the intestine of the trout. Sequencing of PCR-amplified DNA from the 16S rRNA gene indicated that the source organism was most closely related to the sequences of E. risticii (level of sequence similarity 96.0%), the SF agent (95.9%), E. sennetsu (95.8%), and Neorickettsia helminthoeca (95.3%). The data suggest that trout and parasitic trematodes may be involved in the epidemiology of an Ehrlichia-like agent belonging to the E. sennetsu genogroup. Whether the fish agent infects horses, dogs, or human beings, and whether it causes disease, remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pusterla
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Pusterla N, Johnson E, Chae J, Pusterla JB, DeRock E, Madigan JE. Infection rate of Ehrlichia risticii, the agent of Potomac horse fever, in freshwater stream snails (Juga yrekaensis) from northern California. Vet Parasitol 2000; 92:151-6. [PMID: 10946138 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(00)00309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Juga yrekaensis freshwater snails were tested for trematode stages and for Ehrlichia risticii DNA using a nested PCR assay. Snails were collected monthly from two Potomac horse fever (PHF) endemic locations in northern California (Montague and Weed). The trematode infection rate varied between 40 and 93.3% in large snails (shell size >15mm) and between 0 and 13.3% in small snails (<15mm). The highest trematode infection rate for large and small snails was recorded in September and the lowest infection rate for large snails was recorded in June (Weed) and October (Montague). The E. risticii PCR infection rate among small snails from both sites was similar and varied monthly between 0 and 3.3%. The PCR infection rate for large snails from Weed was high in May (20.0%) and decreased progressively until November (10.0%). The PCR infection rate for large snails from Montague was 5.0% in May, 26.3% in August and 16. 7% in October. PCR-positive snails were always related to the microscopic detection of trematode stages (virgulate cercariae). This study provides evidence that J. yrekaensis are infected with trematode cercariae that harbor E. risticii. The number of snails harboring trematode stages and the number of PCR positive snails varied with the size of the snails, the month of collection, and the geographic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pusterla
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Abstract
Cancer therapy can further impair the already poor semen quality in cancer patients. This study evaluated the prefreeze and postthaw semen quality before treatment of patients with malignancies to examine the rationale for sperm banking for these men. Records of nine patients with different malignant tumors, who had been referred for sperm cryopreservation between 1982 and 1997, were reviewed and the results were compared with those of 50 normal healthy donors. Patients did not differ from donors in age, ejaculate volume, or duration of sexual abstinence. The total motile sperm count (median and interquartile range) was significantly different between patients and donors for prefreeze specimens (P = 0.026) and postthaw specimens (P = 0.008). Also, the percent motility was significantly lower in the patients as compared with the donors in prefreeze (P = 0.035) and postthaw specimens (P = 0.005). The percentage change in motility after thawing was also larger for patient samples (-54% versus -47%, P = 0.39). Other sperm motion characteristics did not significantly differ between the two groups except for postthaw curvilinear velocity (P = 0.01). This study concludes that fresh and frozen thawed semen from patients with malignant tumors is poor in quality but is still adequate for assisted reproductive techniques. As cancer therapy may further impair semen quality, patients should be offered the chance to bank sperm before undergoing cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hallak
- Center for Advanced Research in Human Reproduction and Infertility, Department of Urology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated prefreeze and postthaw semen quality before treatment in patients with different types of sarcomas and carcinomas to determine whether cryopreservation would be of value for these patients. METHODS Semen specimens were obtained from 50 normal donors and from 21 patients with carcinoma and from 14 patients with sarcoma. The specimens were cryopreserved by a standard freezing procedure using TEST-Yolk buffer. Prefreeze and postthaw sperm motion characteristics were measured. RESULTS Prefreeze total motile sperm count was significantly higher in donors (median: 129.6 x 10(6)/ml) than in men with carcinoma (46.9 x 10(6)/ml, P < .001) or sarcoma (66.3 10(6)/ml, P = .04). The percent motility and percent linearity were significantly lower in patients with carcinoma. In postthaw specimens, total motile sperm count, curvilinear velocity, and linearity were significantly lower in patients with carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS The two patient groups in this study had poor semen quality when compared with healthy donors both before and after cryopreservation. Sarcoma patients had better semen quality than carcinoma patients. As cancer therapy in these men could significantly impair their reproductive potential, these men should be advised to preserve their semen before starting treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hallak
- Center For Advanced Research in Human Reproduction and Infertility, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA
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Chae J, Kilgore K, Triolo R, Creasey G. Functional neuromuscular stimulation in spinal cord injury. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2000; 11:209-26, x. [PMID: 10680166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
With recent advances in clinical medicine and biomedical engineering, functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) can now be added to the psychiatric armamentarium to decrease the debilitating effects of traumatic spinal cord injury. In this article, the components of FNS systems and their evolution in design are presented. The clinical implications of FNS are discussed with respect to upper and lower extremities and bladder applications, and perspectives on future developments and directions are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Chae J, Wang H, Goode PR, Fludra A, Schühle U. Comparison of Transient Network Brightenings and Explosive Events in the Solar Transition Region. Astrophys J 2000; 528:L119-L122. [PMID: 10600632 DOI: 10.1086/312434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The relation between transient network brightenings, known as blinkers, and explosive events is examined based on coordinated quiet Sun observations in the transition region line O v lambda630 recorded by the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS), in the transition region line Si iv lambda1402 recorded by the Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) instrument, and in photospheric magnetograms taken by the Big Bear Solar Observatory videomagnetograph. From these observations, we find that (1) explosive events, which are traditionally defined as features with very broad UV line profiles, tend to keep away from the centers of network brightenings and are mostly located at the edges of such brightenings, (2) CDS blinkers consist of many small-scale, short-lived SUMER "unit brightening events" with a size of a few arcseconds and a lifetime of a few minutes, and most importantly (3) each SUMER unit brightening event is characterized by a UV line profile that is not as broad as those of explosive events, but still has significantly enhanced wings. Our results imply that, like explosive events, individual unit brightening events involve high velocities, and, hence, blinkers may have the same physical origin as explosive events. It is likely that transient network brightenings and explosive events are both due to magnetic reconnection-but with different magnetic geometries.
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Chae J, Kim MJ, Goo JH, Collier S, Gubb D, Charlton J, Adler PN, Park WJ. The Drosophila tissue polarity gene starry night encodes a member of the protocadherin family. Development 1999; 126:5421-9. [PMID: 10556066 DOI: 10.1242/dev.126.23.5421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The tissue polarity genes control the polarity of hairs, bristles and ommatidia in the adult epidermis of Drosophila. We report here the identification of a new tissue polarity gene named starry night (stan). Mutations in this essential gene alter the polarity of cuticular structures in all regions of the adult body. The detailed polarity phenotype of stan on the wing suggested that it is most likely a component of the frizzled (fz) pathway. Consistent with this hypothesis, stan appears to be downstream of and required for fz function. We molecularly cloned stan and found that it encodes a huge protocadherin containing nine cadherin motifs, four EGF-like motifs, two laminin G motifs, and seven transmembrane domains. This suggests that Stan functions in signal reception, perhaps together with Fz.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Department of Life Science, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology (K-JIST), Kwangju, Korea
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Chae J, Hart R. Comparison of discomfort associated with surface and percutaneous intramuscular electrical stimulation for persons with chronic hemiplegia. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1998; 77:516-22. [PMID: 9862539 DOI: 10.1097/00002060-199811000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neuromuscular stimulation may facilitate motor recovery after stroke or brain injury, reduce shoulder pain associated with hemiplegia, and reduce cerebral spasticity. However, the discomfort of surface neuromuscular stimulation significantly limits the clinical implementation of this modality for persons with hemiplegia. The study contained herein tests the hypothesis that stroke and brain injury survivors with chronic hemiplegia (>6 mo) and intact sensation tolerate percutaneous intramuscular stimulation better than surface stimulation. Four stroke and two traumatic brain injury survivors participated in the study contained within this article. Each subject received three pairs of percutaneous and surface stimulations of the paretic finger extensors. The order of the type of stimulation within each pair was randomly assigned. The stimulation parameters for each type of stimulation were normalized to produce the same torque at the metacarpophalangeal joint. Subjects rated their perceived level of discomfort using a 10-cm visual analog scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. A blinded evaluator administered the pain measures. Percutaneous stimulation was associated with significantly lower discomfort as reflected by the visual analog scale (0.74 v 3.3; 95% confidence interval of difference, -3.84, -1.28). The McGill Pain Questionnaire produced similar results with percutaneous stimulation associated with a significantly fewer number of words chosen to describe the discomfort (0.87 v 3.30; 95% confidence interval of difference, -3.50, -1.30) and significantly lower Pain Rating Index (1.47 v 6.27; 95% confidence interval of difference, -7.77, -1.83). Data suggest that percutaneous intramuscular stimulation is significantly better tolerated than surface stimulation and that percutaneous stimulation may enhance patient compliance with neuromuscular stimulation treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44109-1998, USA
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of cortical and subcortical infarcts and lesion laterality on the functional status of stroke survivors. Medical records of 72 stroke survivors admitted to an acute inpatient rehabilitation facility with a single nonhemorrhagic lesion were retrospectively reviewed. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to assess the effects of lesion level and hemisphere on admission and discharge Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and FIM gain. Admission FIM-Total and its subdimensions exhibited significant overall level (Wilk's lambda = 2.5; P = 0.03) and hemisphere-specific (Wilk's lambda = 2.3; P = 0.04) effects. Significant interaction between factors was noted only for the communication subdimension. Significant level and hemisphere-specific main effects were noted for admission FIM-Total (P < 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively). There were significant level-specific main effects for self-care (P = 0.01) and mobility (P = 0.03) and hemisphere and level-specific main effects for communication (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively) and social cognition (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01, respectively). Discharge FIM-Total and its subdimensions exhibited significant overall level (Wilk's lambda = 2.5; P = 0.03) and hemisphere-specific (Wilk's lambda = 3.4; P = 0.01) effects. Discharge FIM subdimensions did not exhibit significant interaction between factors. Discharge FIM-Total was significant with respect to lesion level (P = 0.01) but not with respect to hemisphere (P = 0.08). There was a significant level-specific main effect for self-care (P = 0.01) and level and hemisphere-specific main effects for communication (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively) and social cognition (P = 0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). FIM gain scores did not exhibit significant level (Wilk's lambda = 1.1; P = 0.36) or hemisphere-specific (Wilk's lambda = 1.4; P = 0.24) effects. The data suggest that the lesion level and hemisphere are important determinants of the function of nonhemorrhagic stroke survivors during inpatient rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Dentistry--New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of neuromuscular stimulation in enhancing the upper extremity motor and functional recovery of acute stroke survivors. METHODS Forty-six stroke survivors admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation unit were randomly assigned to receive either neuromuscular stimulation or placebo. Twenty-eight subjects completed the study. The treatment group received surface neuromuscular stimulation to produce wrist and finger extension exercises. The control group received placebo stimulation over the paretic forearm. All subjects were treated 1 hour per day, for a total of 15 sessions. Outcomes were assessed in a blinded manner with the upper extremity component of the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment and the self-care component of the Functional Independence Measure at pretreatment, after treatment, and at 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. RESULTS The treatment subjects and control subjects had comparable baseline characteristics. Parametric analyses revealed significantly greater gains in Fugl-Meyer scores for the treatment group after treatment (13.1 versus 6.5; P=0.05), at 4 weeks after treatment (17.9 versus 9.7; P=0.05), and at 12 weeks after treatment (20.6 versus 11.2; P=0.06). Functional Independence Measure scores were not different between groups at any of the time periods (P>0.10). CONCLUSIONS Data suggest that neuromuscular stimulation enhances the upper extremity motor recovery of acute stroke survivors. However, the sample size in this study was too small to detect any significant effect of neuromuscular stimulation on self-care function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44109-1998, USA.
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Francisco G, Chae J, Chawla H, Kirshblum S, Zorowitz R, Lewis G, Pang S. Electromyogram-triggered neuromuscular stimulation for improving the arm function of acute stroke survivors: a randomized pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998; 79:570-5. [PMID: 9596400 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9993(98)90074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of electromyogram (EMG)-triggered neuromuscular stimulation (EMG-stim) in enhancing upper extremity motor and functional recovery of acute stroke survivors. DESIGN A pilot randomized, single-blinded clinical trial. SETTING Freestanding inpatient rehabilitation facility. PATIENTS Nine subjects who were within 6 weeks of their first unifocal, nonhemorrhagic stroke were randomly assigned to either the EMG-stim (n = 4) or control (n = 5) group. All subjects had a detectable EMG signal (>5 microV) from the surface of the paretic extensor carpi radialis and voluntary wrist extension in synergy or in isolation with muscle grade of <3/5. INTERVENTION All subjects received two 30-minute sessions per day of wrist strengthening exercises with EMG-stim (experimental) or without (control) for the duration of their rehabilitation stay. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Upper extremity Fugl-Meyer motor assessment and the feeding, grooming, and upper body dressing items of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) were assessed at study entry and at discharge. RESULTS Subjects treated with EMG-stim exhibited significantly greater gains in Fugl-Meyer (27.0 vs 10.4; p = .05), and FIM (6.0 vs 3.4; p = .02) scores compared with controls. CONCLUSION Data suggest that EMG-stim enhances the arm function of acute stroke survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Francisco
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Dentistry-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
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Chae J, Lee J, Kwon O, Holman PJ, Waghela SD, Wagner GG. Nucleotide sequence heterogeneity in the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene variable (V4) region among and within geographic isolates of Theileria from cattle, elk and white-tailed deer. Vet Parasitol 1998; 75:41-52. [PMID: 9566093 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The phylogenetic relationships among fourteen isolates of benign Theileria spp. infecting cattle, elk and white-tailed deer were studied by nucleotide sequence comparisons of the variable (V4) region (200 nucleotides) of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Included were six Korean bovine, one Japanese bovine, three North American bovine, and four North American cervine isolates. The SSU rRNA gene from each isolate was amplified, cloned, and the V4 region fragment sequenced. Seven different nucleotide sequence patterns were obtained and classified. Type A was identical to T. buffeli SSU rRNA gene sequence (GenBank Accession No. Z15106) and was found in Korean, Japanese, and North American bovine isolates. Type B was found in bovine isolates from Korea, Japan and North America. Type C was found only in the Korean bovine isolate from Chungnam. Type D was found in a Korean and in a North American bovine isolate. Type E was found in a bovine isolate from Cheju Island of Korea and a North American cervine (elk) isolate. Types F and G were found only in North American cervine isolates (both white-tailed deer and elk) and appear to represent a species separate from the bovine isolates. The presence of several sequence types observed in most of the bovine Theileria isolates may indicate mixed species (or subspecies) populations and/or multiple genotypes within a single species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843, USA
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Abstract
Differences in functional prognosis for patients with hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic strokes are unclear. The purpose of this study is to compare the functional outcome of hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic stroke patients after inpatient stroke rehabilitation. By retrospective review, 25 hemorrhagic stroke patients were matched with 25 nonhemorrhagic stroke patients on the basis of age and onset to admission interval. Discharge Functional Independence Measure (FIM), FIM gain, FIM efficiency, length of stay (LOS), and discharge disposition were compared. Admission FIM, gender, and comorbidities were similar between the two groups. There were no differences in discharge FIM, FIM gain, and discharge to home rates between groups. However, the hemorrhagic group had a significantly shorter LOS (31.7 v 37.6 days; P = 0.05) with higher FIM-total efficiency (0.84 v 0.60; P = 0.02). The FIM-motor scale accounted for most of the gains in efficiency (0.71 v 0.53; P = 0.05) with no significant difference in FIM-cognition efficiency between groups. Post hoc analysis revealed that onset to admission interval was a strong predictor of LOS (r = 0.62; P < 0.0001). Hemorrhagic stroke patients appear to exhibit functional gains somewhat faster than nonhemorrhagic counterparts. Confirmation of these preliminary findings must await future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chae
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Dentistry-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA
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