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Kang DW, Lee HJ, Bang JH, Kim SH, Byun JY, Park MS, Yeo SG. Bacteriology and trends of antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in otitis media: A retrospective data analysis. Clin Otolaryngol 2023; 48:872-880. [PMID: 37485597 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Otitis media (OM) has a high prevalence worldwide and the treatment is crucial because hearing loss in children can lead to growth disorders such as language development disorders. The aim of this study is to analyse the changes in bacterial strains and the trends of antibiotic susceptibility in otitis media with effusion (OME), chronic otitis media (COM) and cholesteatomatous otitis media (Chole OM). DESIGN This retrospective study involved 2926 patients diagnosed with OME, COM, or Chole OM between January 2000 and December 2020. The clinical data were collected and analysed through chart review from May 2021 to July 2021. SETTING Two tertiary medical centres. PARTICIPANTS The 2926 OM patients. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES An otorrhea sample was collected on the first day of their hospital visit. Middle ear fluid samples for bacterial culture and antibiotics susceptibility test were collected from patients during middle ear surgery, including ventilation tube insertion. In each type of OM, the distribution of bacterial strains in the 2000s and the 2010s was compared. In addition, changes in the detection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and trends in their antibiotic susceptibility over the last 10 years were analysed. RESULTS The most frequently detected bacterial strains in OME, COM and Chole OM over the study period were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) (29.6%), MRSA (24.1%), and PA (20.1%). Compared to the 2000s, the proportion of non-typable Haemophilus influenzae in OME and MRSA in COM increased in the 2010s (27.4%-31.6% and 1.5%-29.5%, respectively). In total three types of OM, although there was no significant trend of change in detection rates of MRSA, PA, and multidrug resistant-P. aeruginosa (MDR-PA) during the last 10 years, resistance to the Quinolone class of MRSA and PA tended to increase (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The composition of bacterial strains in each types of OM has changed over the past 20 years. Additionally, the antibiotic resistance of MRSA and PA has increased in the last decade. Therefore, when using empirical antibiotics in necessary situations, it is necessary to change to an appropriate antibiotic through a bacterial culture test and antimicrobial susceptibility test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Woong Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jee Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Ho Bang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Byun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Suh Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Geun Yeo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bang JH, Lee SG, Kwon KJ, Lee SA, Eun YG, Lee YC. Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitor on the Outcome of Laryngeal Microsurgery in Patients With Vocal Fold Mucosal Disease With Reflux Symptoms. J Voice 2022:S0892-1997(22)00008-X. [PMID: 35153121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) after laryngeal microsurgery (LMS) in patients with benign vocal fold (VF) mucosal disease and in patients with overt reflux symptom according to subjective and objective voice assessment. METHODS The improvement of voice handicap index-10 (VHI-10) score, reflux symptom index (RSI) score, grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and strain (GRBAS) score, Jitter, Shimmer, noise to harmonics ratio (NHR), maximum phonation time of acoustic voice analysis RESULTS: A total of 47 patients (PPI group [n = 24] and non-PPI group [n = 23]) completed the study. The scores for VHI-10, RSI, GRBAS, and acoustic parameters significantly improved in both groups after surgery. In the subgroup analysis of patients with overt reflux symptoms (RSI ≥ 13; non-PPI group [n = 12], PPI group [n = 15]), significant between-group differences were observed in terms of the improvement in NHR and the strain factor. CONCLUSION Postoperative PPI administration in patients with VF benign mucosal disease with reflux symptoms might improve subjective and objective voice outcomes after LMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je Ho Bang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Gyu Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jin Kwon
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Ah Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Eun
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chan Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The process of determining the prognosis and subsequent facial nerve decompression has become an important factor in determining the patient's quality of life. AIM In this study, the prognosis of facial paralysis was verified in detail based on the timing of electroneurography (ENOG) and nerve conduction study (NCS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The ENOG and NCS of 368 facial palsy patients were analyzed. House-Brackmann (HB) scale after 6 months was used as an outcome. For the ENOG, nasalis muscle/levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (NL), and orbicularis oculi (OO) muscle were used and NCS performed using temporal, zygomatic, and buccal branches. RESULTS ENOG at the OO performed 4-6 d after onset was ≤10% (p = .002, 10.0-fold) and showed unfavorable results (when the standard was ≥30%). In addition, the ENOG at the NL performed 13-15 d after onset was ≤10% (p = .001, 10.5-fold) and showed unfavorable results (when the standard was ≥30%). CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that ENOG at the OO performed 4-6 d after onset and ENOG at the NL performed 13-15 d after onset had more prognostic value for the outcomes of acute peripheral facial palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Jin Kwon
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Ho Bang
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Geun Yeo
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Byun
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Obregon SE, Botto F, Di Leva A, Fischer Sohn G, Bang JH, Koretzky M, Kotliar C. 1156Central hypertension detected in normotensives is associated with an increased subclinical atherosclerotic burden. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S E Obregon
- Austral University Hospital, Hypertension and Vascular Aging Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Botto
- Austral University Hospital, Hypertension and Vascular Aging Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Di Leva
- Austral University Hospital, Hypertension and Vascular Aging Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Fischer Sohn
- Austral University Hospital, Hypertension and Vascular Aging Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J H Bang
- Austral University Hospital, Hypertension and Vascular Aging Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Koretzky
- Austral University Hospital, Hypertension and Vascular Aging Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Kotliar
- Austral University Hospital, Hypertension and Vascular Aging Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Kim SH, Park YJ, Cha AR, Kim GW, Bang JH, Lim CS, Choi SB. A feasibility work on the applications of MRE to automotive components. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/333/1/012013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hwang JH, Park JS, Lee E, Bae JY, Song KH, Choe PG, Park WB, Bang JH, Kim ES, Park SW, Kim NJ, Oh M, Kim HB. Active surveillance for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, vancomycin-resistant enterococci and toxigenic Clostridium difficile among patients transferred from long-term care facilities in Korea. J Hosp Infect 2018; 99:487-491. [PMID: 29476883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 10-month active surveillance study was conducted to assess carriage of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and toxigenic Clostridium difficile colonization among patients transferred to hospital from long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Four (1.4%) patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (none of which were CPE), 59 (21%) patients with VRE and 20 (7.1%) patients colonized with toxigenic C. difficile were identified from 282 rectal specimens. There was no outbreak of VRE infection during the study period. The low prevalence of CPE carriage suggests that screening all admissions from LTCFs for CPE would not be cost-effective, and that screening and use of contact precautions for VRE should be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - E Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - P G Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W B Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - N J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H B Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim CJ, Choi WS, Jung Y, Kiem S, Seol HY, Woo HJ, Choi YH, Son JS, Kim KH, Kim YS, Kim ES, Park SH, Yoon JH, Choi SM, Lee H, Oh WS, Choi SY, Kim NJ, Choi JP, Park SY, Kim J, Jeong SJ, Lee KS, Jang HC, Rhee JY, Kim BN, Bang JH, Lee JH, Park S, Kim HY, Choi JK, Wi YM, Choi HJ. Surveillance of the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (CoV) infection in healthcare workers after contact with confirmed MERS patients: incidence and risk factors of MERS-CoV seropositivity. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:880-886. [PMID: 27475739 PMCID: PMC7128923 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Given the mode of transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), healthcare workers (HCWs) in contact with MERS patients are expected to be at risk of MERS infections. We evaluated the prevalence of MERS coronavirus (CoV) immunoglobulin (Ig) G in HCWs exposed to MERS patients and calculated the incidence of MERS-affected cases in HCWs. We enrolled HCWs from hospitals where confirmed MERS patients had visited. Serum was collected 4 to 6 weeks after the last contact with a confirmed MERS patient. We performed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to screen for the presence of MERS-CoV IgG and an indirect immunofluorescence test (IIFT) to confirm MERS-CoV IgG. We used a questionnaire to collect information regarding the exposure. We calculated the incidence of MERS-affected cases by dividing the sum of PCR-confirmed and serology-confirmed cases by the number of exposed HCWs in participating hospitals. In total, 1169 HCWs in 31 hospitals had contact with 114 MERS patients, and among the HCWs, 15 were PCR-confirmed MERS cases in study hospitals. Serologic analysis was performed for 737 participants. ELISA was positive in five participants and borderline for seven. IIFT was positive for two (0.3%) of these 12 participants. Among the participants who did not use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), seropositivity was 0.7% (2/294) compared to 0% (0/443) in cases with appropriate PPE use. The incidence of MERS infection in HCWs was 1.5% (17/1169). The seroprevalence of MERS-CoV IgG among HCWs was higher among participants who did not use appropriate PPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, South Korea
| | - W S Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, South Korea
| | - S Kiem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, South Korea
| | - H Y Seol
- Department of Internal Medicine, Good GangAn Hospital, South Korea
| | - H J Woo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, South Korea
| | - Y H Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, South Korea
| | - J S Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, South Korea
| | - K-H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, South Korea
| | - Y-S Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, South Korea
| | - E S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea
| | - S H Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, South Korea
| | - J H Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, South Korea
| | - S-M Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, South Korea
| | - H Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Dong-A University Hospital, South Korea
| | - W S Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, South Korea
| | - S-Y Choi
- Department of Neurology, Dae Cheong Hospital, South Korea
| | - N-J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea
| | - J-P Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, South Korea
| | - S Y Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, South Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, South Korea
| | - S J Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, South Korea
| | - K S Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, South Korea
| | - H C Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, South Korea
| | - J Y Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University Hospital, South Korea
| | - B-N Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, South Korea
| | - J H Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Borame Medical Center, South Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, South Korea
| | - S Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Seobuk Hospital Seoul Metropolitan Government, South Korea
| | - H Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, South Korea
| | - J K Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, South Korea
| | - Y-M Wi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, South Korea
| | - H J Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, South Korea.
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Park KH, Bang JH, Park WB, Kim HB, Kim NJ, Ahn JK, Chang KH, Oh MD, Choe KW. Retrobulbar optic neuritis and meningoencephalitis following progressive outer retinal necrosis due to CMV in a patient with AIDS. Infection 2008; 36:475-9. [PMID: 18574556 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-007-6290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2006] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report on a 34-year-old male patient with AIDS who developed retrobulbar optic neuritis and meningoencephalitis following bilateral progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN) caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV). This case documents the presumed association of PORN with retrobulbar optic neuritis, and CMV meningoencephalitis in an AIDS patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Park
- Department of Internal medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Youngun-dong, Chongro-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Shimato S, Natsume A, Takeuchi H, Wakabayashi T, Fujii M, Ito M, Ito S, Park IH, Bang JH, Kim SU, Yoshida J. Human neural stem cells target and deliver therapeutic gene to experimental leptomeningeal medulloblastoma. Gene Ther 2007; 14:1132-42. [PMID: 17508009 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastomas are highly malignant neuroectodermal cerebellar tumors of children. One of the reasons for the difficulty for the treatment of medulloblastomas is their inherent tendency to metastasize through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathway leading to leptomeningeal dissemination. Recently, genetically modified neural stem cells (NSCs) were shown to have the capability of selectively migrating into glioma mass and delivering therapeutic agents with significant therapeutic benefits. In the present study, we applied the NSC strategy to target medulloblastomas, particularly their leptomeningeal dissemination. We used NSCs that were retrovirally transduced with the cytosine deaminase gene (CD-NSCs). In vitro studies demonstrated that CD-NSCs had sufficient migratory activity toward medulloblastoma cells and exerted a remarkable bystander effect on these cells following the application of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC). It is noteworthy that neutralization of the hepatocyte growth factor blocked their migration In animal studies using our leptomeningeal dissemination model, CD-NSCs implanted directly into CSF space were shown to distribute diffusely within the disseminated tumor cells and could provide remarkable antitumor effect after intraperitoneal administration of 5-FC. Furthermore, CD-NSC treatment followed by 5-FC administration prolonged survival periods significantly in experimental animals. Our data suggest that the CD-NSC strategy can also be applied to target leptomeningeal dissemination of medulloblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shimato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Park WB, Choe PG, Kim SH, Jo JH, Bang JH, Kim HB, Kim NJ, Oh M, Choe KW. One-year adherence to clinic visits after highly active antiretroviral therapy: a predictor of clinical progress in HIV patients. J Intern Med 2007; 261:268-75. [PMID: 17305649 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01762.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether adherence to clinic visits early after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is predictive of long-term clinical outcome. DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING A tertiary referral hospital. SUBJECTS A total of 387 adult HIV patients who were followed for at least 1 year after initiation of HAART between January 1998 and December 2004. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS The effect of 1-year adherence to clinic visits on the occurrence of new AIDS-defining illness or death was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates, and hazard ratios were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced clinical stage, fewer new drugs in HAART, and longer total elapsed time without clinical visits for 1 year after HAART were all significant risk factors for the occurrence of new AIDS-defining illnesses or death. Compared with no missed visits, the hazard ratio adjusted by clinical stage and number of new drugs in HAART was 2.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-6.16, P = 0.007) for one missed appointment, 4.37 (95% CI: 1.74-10.98, P = 0.002) for two, and 8.19 (95% CI: 2.95-22.78, P < 0.001) for three or more. CONCLUSION Adherence to clinic visits early after initiation of HAART is an independent predictor for long-term clinical progression in HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine changes in erectile response to repeated audiovisual sexual stimulation in patients with psychogenic impotence and normal men. METHODS The same erotic video was shown to 45 men (20 patients with psychogenic impotence and 25 normal men) for 3 consecutive days. Their erectile responses during the audiovisual stimulation were monitored using RigiScan (Dacomed, Minneapolis, Minn., USA), and the maximal rigidity of erection, sustained for more than 5 min, was measured. The rigidities on the first, second and third days were comparatively analyzed. Whether previous multiple viewings of the erotic movie and previous exposure to the same or a similar movie influenced the erectile response were also evaluated. RESULTS Rigidity on the third day was significantly decreased compared to that on the first day in both patients with psychogenic impotence and normal controls (p < 0.05), regardless of the frequency of previous viewings and the previous exposure to a similar movie. Rigidity on the first day was significantly lower in the group with multiple viewings than in the group with fewer viewings (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Real-time monitoring of penile erection during audiovisual sexual stimulation may result in false-negative responses when patients are repeatedly exposed to the stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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Park SA, Choi KS, Bang JH, Huh K, Kim SU. Cisplatin-induced apoptotic cell death in mouse hybrid neurons is blocked by antioxidants through suppression of cisplatin-mediated accumulation of p53 but not of Fas/Fas ligand. J Neurochem 2000; 75:946-53. [PMID: 10936175 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0750946.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy following cisplatin treatment is a major limiting factor in cisplatin chemotherapy of cancer patients. We investigated the pathomechanism underlying cisplatin neuropathy using a mouse dorsal root ganglion neuron-neuroblastoma hybrid cell line (N18D3) developed in our laboratory. DNA fragmentation, a characteristic feature of apoptosis, was induced in hybrid neurons following treatment with cisplatin. Accumulation of p53, Fas, and Fas ligand (Fas-L) was also demonstrated in these neurons. Preincubation with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of glutathione, blocked cisplatin-induced apoptosis completely, whereas Trolox, a vitamin E analogue, blocked it partially. Cisplatin-induced p53 accumulation was suppressed by NAC treatment, whereas p53 accumulation was retarded by Trolox treatment. In contrast, neither NAC nor Trolox showed any inhibitory effect on cisplatin-induced Fas/Fas-L accumulation. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effects of antioxidants against cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity in hybrid neurons are mediated mainly through the inhibition of p53 accumulation but not of Fas/Fas-L accumulation by these antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Park
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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