1
|
Harris PA, Dunsmore SE, Atkinson JC, Benjamin DK, Bernard GR, Dean JM, Dwyer JP, Ford DF, Selker HP, Waddy SP, Wiley KL, Wilkins CH, Cook SK, Burr JS, Edwards TL, Huvane J, Kennedy N, Lane K, Majkowski R, Nelson S, Palm ME, Stroud M, Thompson DD, Busacca L, Elkind MSV, Kimberly RP, Reilly MP, Hanley DF. Leveraging the Expertise of the CTSA Program to Increase the Impact and Efficiency of Clinical Trials. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2336470. [PMID: 37796498 PMCID: PMC10773966 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Multicenter clinical trials play a critical role in the translational processes that enable new treatments to reach all people and improve public health. However, conducting multicenter randomized clinical trials (mRCT) presents challenges. The Trial Innovation Network (TIN), established in 2016 to partner with the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Consortium of academic medical institutions in the implementation of mRCTs, consists of 3 Trial Innovation Centers (TICs) and 1 Recruitment Innovation Center (RIC). This unique partnership has aimed to address critical roadblocks that impede the design and conduct of mRCTs, in expectation of accelerating the translation of novel interventions to clinical practice. The TIN's challenges and achievements are described in this article, along with examples of innovative resources and processes that may serve as useful models for other clinical trial networks providing operational and recruitment support. Observations The TIN has successfully integrated more than 60 CTSA institution program hubs into a functional network for mRCT implementation and optimization. A unique support system for investigators has been created that includes the development and deployment of novel tools, operational and recruitment services, consultation models, and rapid communication pathways designed to reduce delays in trial start-up, enhance recruitment, improve engagement of diverse research participants and communities, and streamline processes that improve the quality, efficiency, and conduct of mRCTs. These resources and processes span the clinical trial spectrum and enable the TICs and RIC to serve as coordinating centers, data centers, and recruitment specialists to assist trials across the National Institutes of Health and other agencies. The TIN's impact has been demonstrated through its response to both historical operational challenges and emerging public health emergencies, including the national opioid public health crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions and Relevance The TIN has worked to reduce barriers to implementing mRCTs and to improve mRCT processes and operations by providing needed clinical trial infrastructure and resources to CTSA investigators. These resources have been instrumental in more quickly and efficiently translating research discoveries into beneficial patient treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Harris
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sarah E Dunsmore
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jane C Atkinson
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel Kelly Benjamin
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Gordon R Bernard
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Jamie P Dwyer
- University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City
- Utah Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Salt Lake City
| | - Daniel F Ford
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Harry P Selker
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Salina P Waddy
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kenneth L Wiley
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Consuelo H Wilkins
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sarah K Cook
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Terri L Edwards
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Nan Kennedy
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Karen Lane
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ryan Majkowski
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sarah Nelson
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Marisha E Palm
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mary Stroud
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dixie D Thompson
- University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City
- Utah Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Salt Lake City
| | - Linda Busacca
- Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Mitchell S V Elkind
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Robert P Kimberly
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Muredach P Reilly
- Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Daniel F Hanley
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hanley DF, Bernard GR, Wilkins CH, Selker HP, Dwyer JP, Dean JM, Benjamin DK, Dunsmore SE, Waddy SP, Wiley KL, Palm ME, Mould WA, Ford DF, Burr JS, Huvane J, Lane K, Poole L, Edwards TL, Kennedy N, Boone LR, Bell J, Serdoz E, Byrne LM, Harris PA. Decentralized clinical trials in the trial innovation network: Value, strategies, and lessons learned. J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 7:e170. [PMID: 37654775 PMCID: PMC10465321 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2023.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
New technologies and disruptions related to Coronavirus disease-2019 have led to expansion of decentralized approaches to clinical trials. Remote tools and methods hold promise for increasing trial efficiency and reducing burdens and barriers by facilitating participation outside of traditional clinical settings and taking studies directly to participants. The Trial Innovation Network, established in 2016 by the National Center for Advancing Clinical and Translational Science to address critical roadblocks in clinical research and accelerate the translational research process, has consulted on over 400 research study proposals to date. Its recommendations for decentralized approaches have included eConsent, participant-informed study design, remote intervention, study task reminders, social media recruitment, and return of results for participants. Some clinical trial elements have worked well when decentralized, while others, including remote recruitment and patient monitoring, need further refinement and assessment to determine their value. Partially decentralized, or "hybrid" trials, offer a first step to optimizing remote methods. Decentralized processes demonstrate potential to improve urban-rural diversity, but their impact on inclusion of racially and ethnically marginalized populations requires further study. To optimize inclusive participation in decentralized clinical trials, efforts must be made to build trust among marginalized communities, and to ensure access to remote technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Hanley
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gordon R. Bernard
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Consuelo H. Wilkins
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Harry P. Selker
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jamie P. Dwyer
- University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Utah Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Daniel Kelly Benjamin
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sarah E. Dunsmore
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Salina P. Waddy
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth L. Wiley
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marisha E. Palm
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W. Andrew Mould
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins BIOS Clinical Trials Coordinating Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel F. Ford
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeri S. Burr
- University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Karen Lane
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lori Poole
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Terri L. Edwards
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nan Kennedy
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leslie R. Boone
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jasmine Bell
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emily Serdoz
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Loretta M. Byrne
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul A. Harris
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lane K, Palm ME, Marion E, Kay MT, Thompson D, Stroud M, Boyle H, Hillery S, Nanni A, Hildreth M, Nelson S, Burr JS, Edwards T, Poole L, Waddy SP, Dunsmore SE, Harris P, Wilkins C, Bernard GR, Dean JM, Dwyer J, Benjamin DK, Selker HP, Hanley DF, Ford DE. Approaches for enhancing the informativeness and quality of clinical trials: Innovations and principles for implementing multicenter trials from the Trial Innovation Network. J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 7:e131. [PMID: 37396815 PMCID: PMC10308427 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2023.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
One challenge for multisite clinical trials is ensuring that the conditions of an informative trial are incorporated into all aspects of trial planning and execution. The multicenter model can provide the potential for a more informative environment, but it can also place a trial at risk of becoming uninformative due to lack of rigor, quality control, or effective recruitment, resulting in premature discontinuation and/or non-publication. Key factors that support informativeness are having the right team and resources during study planning and implementation and adequate funding to support performance activities. This communication draws on the experience of the National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) Trial Innovation Network (TIN) to develop approaches for enhancing the informativeness of clinical trials. We distilled this information into three principles: (1) assemble a diverse team, (2) leverage existing processes and systems, and (3) carefully consider budgets and contracts. The TIN, comprised of NCATS, three Trial Innovation Centers, a Recruitment Innovation Center, and 60+ CTSA Program hubs, provides resources to investigators who are proposing multicenter collaborations. In addition to sharing principles that support the informativeness of clinical trials, we highlight TIN-developed resources relevant for multicenter trial initiation and conduct.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lane
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marisha E. Palm
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eve Marion
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Marie T. Kay
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dixie Thompson
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mary Stroud
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Helen Boyle
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shannon Hillery
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angeline Nanni
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meghan Hildreth
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Nelson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeri S. Burr
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Terri Edwards
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lori Poole
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Salina P. Waddy
- Division of Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah E. Dunsmore
- Division of Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Harris
- Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Consuelo Wilkins
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gordon R. Bernard
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - J. Michael Dean
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jamie Dwyer
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Daniel K. Benjamin
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Harry P. Selker
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel F. Hanley
- Acute Care Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel E. Ford
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Burr JS, Johnson A, Risenmay A, Bisping S, Serdoz ES, Coleman W, Sward KA, Rothwell E, Dean JM. Demonstration Project: Transitioning a Research Network to New Single IRB Platforms. Ethics Hum Res 2022; 44:32-38. [PMID: 36316971 PMCID: PMC10328109 DOI: 10.1002/eahr.500149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the 2016 National Institutes of Health (NIH) mandate to use a single IRB (sIRB) in multicenter research, institutions have struggled to operationalize the process. In this demonstration project, the University of Utah Trial Innovation Center assisted the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network to transition from using individually negotiated reliance agreements and paper-based documentation to a new sIRB master agreement and an informatics platform to capture reliance documentation. Lessons learned that can guide other academic institutions and IRBs as they operationalize sIRBs included the need for sites to understand what type of engagement or reliance is required and their need to understand the difference between reliance and activation. Requirements around local review remain poorly understood. Further research is needed to determine approaches that can achieve the NIH vision of reviews becoming more efficient and improving study start-up times, relieving administrative burden while advancing human research protections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeri S Burr
- Executive director of the Trial Innovation Center at the University of Utah
| | - Ann Johnson
- Director of the Institutional Review Board and Human Research Protection Program at the University of Utah
| | | | | | - Emily S Serdoz
- Manager of translational research at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Whit Coleman
- Education support manager at Ashfield Healthcare
| | - Katherine A Sward
- Professor at the College of Nursing in the Department of Biomedical Informatics
| | - Erin Rothwell
- Associate vice president for research and a professor in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Utah
| | - J Michael Dean
- Associate dean for clinical research and a director and principal investigator at Trial Innovation Center and the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network, and a professor in the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Utah School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Johnson AR, Pautler M, Burr JS, Abdelsamad N, VanBuren JM, Rigtrup LM, Dean JM, Rothwell E. Using single IRB consultations to meet the educational needs of investigative teams. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 29:100971. [PMID: 36033361 PMCID: PMC9403494 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.100971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Single IRB (SIRB) consultation resources were established by the Utah Trial Innovation Center to assist and educate investigative teams prior to the submission of funding applications for multisite, cooperative research. Qualitative analysis of the written consultation materials and meeting minutes revealed the most common areas of education needed by investigative teams, including (a) the differences and relationships between the IRB and a Human Research Protection Program (HRPP); (b) the main phases of the SIRB process; and (c) the use of technology platforms for documentation of SIRB review processes. For investigative teams who are inexperienced with using a SIRB, such consultation in the pre-award period is likely to fill in knowledge gaps and improve the study start-up process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann R. Johnson
- University of Utah, Institutional Review Board, 75 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mary Pautler
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Jeri S. Burr
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Nael Abdelsamad
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - John M. VanBuren
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Lisa M. Rigtrup
- University of Utah, Institutional Review Board, 75 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - J. Michael Dean
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Erin Rothwell
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 50 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Burr JS, Johnson AR, Vasenina V, Bisping S, Coleman RW, Botkin JR, Dean JM. Implementing a Central IRB Model in a Multicenter Research Network. Ethics Hum Res 2019; 41:23-28. [PMID: 31108575 PMCID: PMC7236440 DOI: 10.1002/eahr.500016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Implementing the National Institutes of Health's (NIH's) new single institutional review board (IRB) policy has caused a paradigm shift in IRB review across the country. IRBs and human research protection programs are looking more closely at their processes for ceding review and developing procedures to handle local review when relying on a single IRB. This article describes an NIH-funded network that proactively instituted a central IRB (CIRB) in 2012, anticipating the NIH future mandate. Lessons learned are described. There was a steep learning curve for IRBs and participating sites. IRB submission workload burden shifted from study teams to the data coordinating center, which created new workflow challenges, especially preparing hundreds of consent documents centrally. Despite difficulties encountered with CIRB review, this network is now fully functioning under a CIRB model. Further review and experience are needed to determine whether this shift in IRB review has eliminated duplicative review or regulatory burden from study teams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeri S Burr
- Executive director of the Utah Trial Innovation Center at the University of Utah
| | - Ann R Johnson
- Director of the institutional review board at the University of Utah
| | - Valeriya Vasenina
- Business analyst for the Utah Trial Innovation Center at the University of Utah
| | - Stephanie Bisping
- Director of program services for the Utah Trial Innovation Center at the University of Utah
| | | | | | - J Michael Dean
- Principal investigator of the Utah Trial Innovation Center and the associate dean for clinical research at the University of Utah
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Berger JT, Villalobos ME, Clark AE, Holubkov R, Pollack MM, Berg RA, Carcillo JA, Dalton H, Harrison R, Meert KL, Newth CJ, Shanley TP, Wessel DL, Anand KJS, Zimmerman JJ, Sanders RC, Liu T, Burr JS, Willson DF, Doctor A, Dean JM, Jenkins TL, Nicholson CE. Cognitive Development One Year After Infantile Critical Pertussis. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2018; 19:89-97. [PMID: 29117060 PMCID: PMC5796844 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pertussis can cause life-threatening illness in infants. Data regarding neurodevelopment after pertussis remain scant. The aim of this study was to assess cognitive development of infants with critical pertussis 1 year after PICU discharge. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Eight hospitals comprising the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network and 18 additional sites across the United States. PATIENTS Eligible patients had laboratory confirmation of pertussis infection, were less than 1 year old, and were admitted to the PICU for at least 24 hours. INTERVENTIONS The Mullen Scales of Early Learning was administered at a 1-year follow-up visit. Functional status was determined by examination and parental interview. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Of 196 eligible patients, 111 (57%) completed the Mullen Scales of Early Learning. The mean scores for visual reception, receptive language, and expressive language domains were significantly lower than the norms (p < 0.001), but not fine and gross motor domains. Forty-one patients (37%) had abnormal scores in at least one domain and 10 (9%) had an Early Learning Composite score 2 or more SDs below the population norms. Older age (p < 0.003) and Hispanic ethnicity (p < 0.008) were associated with lower mean Early Learning Composite score, but presenting symptoms and PICU course were not. CONCLUSIONS Infants who survive critical pertussis often have neurodevelopmental deficits. These infants may benefit from routine neurodevelopmental screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John T. Berger
- Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | | | | | - Murray M. Pollack
- Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Robert A. Berg
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Rick Harrison
- Mattel Children’s Hospital UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | | | - David L. Wessel
- Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Allan Doctor
- St. Louis Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Tammara L. Jenkins
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carol E. Nicholson
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Burr JS, Kimzey SL, Randolph DR, Green JM. CD28 and CTLA4 Coordinately Regulate Airway Inflammatory Cell Recruitment and T-Helper Cell Differentiation after Inhaled Allergen. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2001; 24:563-8. [PMID: 11350825 DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.24.5.4375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway inflammation after inhaled allergen exposure requires the recruitment, activation, and differentiation of antigen-specific T cells into T helper (Th) 2 effector cells. These processes are regulated not only by antigen engagement of the T-cell receptor, but also by specific accessory molecules on the surface of the T cell. We examined how the balance of signals derived through the CD28 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen (CTLA) 4 receptors modulate the outcome of inhaled antigen exposure in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation. Mice deficient in CD28 have defective Th2 cell development and failed to develop inflammation after sensitization and inhaled challenge with ovalbumin. Prevention of B7-CTLA4 interactions in CD28-deficient mice restored lymphocyte but not eosinophil recruitment to the airway. Analysis of cytokine gene expression revealed that T cells from CD28-deficient mice failed to differentiate into Th2 cells in either the presence or absence of B7-dependent signals, and therefore did not recruit eosinophils to the airway. Thus, the processes of T-cell recruitment to the airway and T-cell differentiation have distinct requirements for signals mediated through the CD28 and CTLA4 receptors, demonstrating that these receptors are important regulatory components in the development of allergic airway inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Burr
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Burr JS, Savage ND, Messah GE, Kimzey SL, Shaw AS, Arch RH, Green JM. Cutting edge: distinct motifs within CD28 regulate T cell proliferation and induction of Bcl-XL. J Immunol 2001; 166:5331-5. [PMID: 11313368 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.9.5331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CD28 provides an important costimulatory signal in T cell activation that regulates multiple cellular processes including proliferation and survival. Several signal transduction pathways are activated by CD28; however, the precise biochemical mechanism by which CD28 regulates T cell function remains controversial. Retroviral gene transfer into primary T cells from TCR-transgenic, CD28-deficient mice was used to determine the specific sequences within CD28 that determine function. Discrete regions of the cytoplasmic domain of CD28 were identified that differentially regulate T cell proliferation and induction of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-X(L). Mutation of C-terminal proline residues abrogated the proliferative and cytokine regulatory features of CD28 costimulation while preserving Bcl-X(L) induction. Conversely, mutation of residues important in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation partially inhibited proliferation but prevented induction of Bcl-X(L.) Thus the ability of CD28 to regulate proliferation and induction of Bcl-X(L) map to distinct motifs, suggesting independent signaling cascades modulate these biologic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Burr
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hill DA, Sadeghi S, Schultz MZ, Burr JS, Dehner LP. Pleuropulmonary blastoma in an adult: an initial case report. Cancer 1999; 85:2368-74. [PMID: 10357407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a unique dysontogenetic neoplasm of childhood. Its primitive, sarcomatous features are analogous to those of other dysembryonic or dysontogenetic tumors, such as Wilms tumor, hepatoblastoma, neuroblastoma, and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. PPB typically presents in young children, most younger than 5 years, as a pulmonary and/or pleural-based tumor with cystic, solid, or combined cystic and solid features. These neoplasms are characterized histologically by primitive mesenchymal or a mixture of primitive and sarcomatous components and generally have an unfavorable clinical outcome: death occurs within 1-2 years after diagnosis. METHODS Clinicopathologic and radiographic findings of a man age 36 years with a cystic and solid mass in the left hemithorax were reviewed and compared with previously studied cases of PPB. RESULTS Pathologic examination of the mass revealed a cystic and solid neoplasm composed of malignant mesenchymal cells that were immunoreactive for vimentin and muscle specific actin and focally for desmin. The architectural and cytologic appearances as well as the immunohistochemical profile were those of type II PPB. CONCLUSIONS To the authors' knowledge, all previously reported cases of PPB occurred in children age 12 years or younger. They believe that this case represents the first occurrence of PPB in an adult and documents the finding that, although it is uncommon, adults can develop primitive neoplasms that are usually associated with the pediatric population. In addition, the clinicopathologic features observed in the authors' adult patient were consistent with their experience with this tumor type in children. The patient died less than 1 year after diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A Hill
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|