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González-Gómez X, Simal-Gándara J, Fidalgo Alvarez LE, López-Beceiro AM, Pérez-López M, Martínez-Carballo E. Non-invasive biomonitoring of organic pollutants using feather samples in feral pigeons (Columba livia domestica). Environ Pollut 2020; 267:115672. [PMID: 33254606 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A large portion of organic pollutants (OPs) represent a potential hazard to humans and living beings due to their toxic properties. For several years, birds have been used as biomonitor species of environmental pollution. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pyrethroids (PYRs) were assessed in body feather samples of 71 feral pigeons (Columba livia domestica) collected from Asturias and Galicia (NW Spain). The percentage of detection for all chemical groups were above 90% in studied birds. The general pattern was dominated by PAHs (mean value ± standard deviation (SD) 32 ± 15 ng/g) followed by OCPs (3.8 ± 1.1 ng/g), PYRs (3.4 ± 3.8 ng/g), PCBs (1.6 ± 1.0 ng/g), OPPs (1.3 ± 0.70 ng/g) and PBDEs (0.80 ± 0.30 ng/g). Significant differences were observed between age, location and gender suggesting different sources of exposure and accumulation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiana González-Gómez
- Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Luis Eusebio Fidalgo Alvarez
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, 27003, Spain.
| | - Ana María López-Beceiro
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, 27003, Spain.
| | - Marcos Pérez-López
- Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (UEX), Caceres, 10003, Spain.
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
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Briz-Cid N, Pose-Juan E, Nicoletti M, Simal-Gándara J, Fasoli E, Rial-Otero R. Influence of tetraconazole on the proteome profile of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Lalvin T73™ strain. J Proteomics 2020; 227:103915. [PMID: 32711165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the modifications on the proteome profile of Saccharomyces cerevisiae T73™ strain as a consequence of its adaptive response to the presence of tetraconazole molecules in the fermentation medium. Pasteurised grape juices were separately supplemented with tetraconazole or a commercial formulation containing 12.5% w/v of tetraconazole at two concentration levels. In addition, experiments without fungicides were developed for comparative purposes. Proteome profiles of yeasts cultured in the presence or absence of fungicide molecules were different. Independently of the fungicide treatment applied, the highest variations concerning the control sample were observed for those proteins involved in metabolic processes, especially in the metabolism of nitrogen compounds. Tetraconazole molecules altered the abundance of several enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids, purines, and ergosterol. Moreover, differences in the abundance of several enzymes of the TCA cycle were found. Changes observed were different between the active substance and the commercial formulation. SIGNIFICANCE: The presence of fungicide residues in grape juice has direct implications on the development of the aromatic profile of the wine. These alterations could be related to changes in the secondary metabolism of yeasts. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the response of yeasts to fungicide residues remains quite unexplored. Through this exhaustive proteomic study, alterations in the amino acids biosynthesis pathways due to the presence of the tetraconazole molecules were observed. Amino acids are precursors of some important higher alcohols and ethyl acetates (such as methionol, 2-phenylethanol, isoamyl alcohol or 2-phenylacetate). Besides, the effect of tetraconazole on the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway could be related to a higher production of medium-chain fatty acids and their corresponding ethyl acetates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Briz-Cid
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, 32004-Ourense, Spain
| | - Eva Pose-Juan
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, 32004-Ourense, Spain
| | - Maria Nicoletti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20131, Italy
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, 32004-Ourense, Spain
| | - Elisa Fasoli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20131, Italy.
| | - Raquel Rial-Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, 32004-Ourense, Spain.
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Fernández-Cruz T, Álvarez-Silvares E, Domínguez-Vigo P, Simal-Gándara J, Martínez-Carballo E. Prenatal exposure to organic pollutants in northwestern Spain using non-invasive matrices (placenta and meconium). Sci Total Environ 2020; 731:138341. [PMID: 32408211 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to environmental organic pollutants (OPs) begins in the uterine life period by trans-placental transfer. Epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated the vulnerability of human fetuses and infants to the effects of OPs because of their rapid growth and organ development, cell differentiation, and immaturity of metabolism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prenatal exposure to OPs characterized by different physicochemical properties using non-invasive biological samples (meconium and placenta). A total of 88 placenta and 53 meconium samples were collected in Ourense, a city located in northwestern Spain, at the delivery and after birth from mothers and their infants from the University Hospital of Ourense, respectively. Selective pressurized liquid extraction (SPLE) methodologies were used to determine the targeted OPs in the selected biological samples. Cleanup of extracts was performed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) using EZ-POP cartridges and detection by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (QqQ-MS/MS). The targeted OPs were detected with the following mean level total concentration order polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) > organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) > non-dioxin like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDLPCBs) > pyrethroids (PYRs) > polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) > dioxin like polychlorinated biphenyls (DLPCBs) > organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) for placenta and ΣNDLPCBs > ΣPAHs > ΣOCPs > ΣPYRs > ΣOPPs > ΣDLPCBs > ΣPBDEs for meconium, respectively. Significant correlations (p < .050) between the socio-demographic characteristics of the selected population (mother's parity, age, weight increase during pregnancy, place of living and smoking habits) and log transformed concentration of some of the targeted OPs (OCPs, PBDEs, PYRs, OPPs and PAHs) were detected. The results obtained shown the complementary information given by both biological samples selected. Nevertheless, additional research will be needed to gain an understanding of the trans-placental transfer of OPs, to choose the best biological matrix to evaluate the prenatal exposure to OPs in a correct way and to know their health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Fernández-Cruz
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Esther Álvarez-Silvares
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, 32005, Spain.
| | - Paula Domínguez-Vigo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, 32005, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Sieiro-Sampedro T, Briz-Cid N, Pose-Juan E, Figueiredo-González M, González-Barreiro C, Simal-Gándara J, Cancho-Grande B, Rial-Otero R. Tetraconazole alters the methionine and ergosterol biosynthesis pathways in Saccharomyces yeasts promoting changes on volatile derived compounds. Food Res Int 2020; 130:108930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Cianciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo - Vigo Campus, Ourense, Spain
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Abstract
Abstract
A method was developed for the determination of tiamulin (TML), 14-deoxy-14-[(2-diethylaminoethyl)- mercaptoacetoxy]mutilin hydrogen fumarate, a semisynthetic derivative of the naturally occurring antibiotic pleuromutilin produced by the fungus Pleurotus mutilis. This drug, with high activity against Gram-positive bacteria, some Gram-negative bacteria, and several strains of mycoplasms is administered to animals in food, drinking water, or by injection; however, its chemical structure causes problems in analysis of feeds. Although the molecule is charged below pH 8, at-tempts to analyze TML-containing extracts on ion-exchange columns or other polar stationary phases have failed. Additionally, TML shows no fluorescence activity and only poor UV activity. The present method consists of organic solvent extraction followed by liquid chromatography with UV detection. A low wavelength (208 nm) was used for detection. Limits of detection and quantitation, as well as data for recovery and repeatability obtained during characterization of the method, are described. The applicability of the optimized method was tested by analyzing commercial blank feeds processed after TML-medicated feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Rodríguez-Comesaña
- University of Vigo, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- University of Vigo, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- University of Vigo, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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7
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Simal-Gándara J, Sarria-Vidal M, Rijk R. Determination of Paraffins in Food Simulants and Packaging Materials by Liquid Chromatography with Evaporative Mass Detection and Identification of Paraffin Type by Liquid Chromatography/Gas Chromatography and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/83.2.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A liquid chromatographic method with evaporative mass detection (EMD) is described for the determination of paraffins in food contact materials that do not contain polyolefin oligomers, or paraffins migrating from these materials into fatty food simulants or certain simple foods. A normal-phase column operating at maximum column efficiency separates nonparaffinic and paraffinic materials without resolving the latter into individual components, and EMD is used to quantitate the paraffins. An on-line qualitative method that uses liquid chromatography/gas chromatography with flame ionization detection discriminates between paraffin waxes and oils in food contact materials, food simulants, and certain simple foods; a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometric qualitative method also discriminates between waxes and oils, but is usually restricted to food contact materials that do not contain polyolefins and to migration experiments with organic solvents as fatty food simulants (with some other fatty food simulants, paraffin type must then be identified in the food contact material).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Simal-Gándara
- University of Vigo, Campus of Ourense, Food Science and Technology Faculty, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Miguel Sarria-Vidal
- University of Vigo, Campus of Ourense, Food Science and Technology Faculty, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Rinus Rijk
- TNO-Nutrition and Food Research, Analytical Sciences Division, Packaging Research Group, PO Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands
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8
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Esteki M, Regueiro J, Simal-Gándara J. Tackling Fraudsters with Global Strategies to Expose Fraud in the Food Chain. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:425-440. [PMID: 33336950 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Deliberate adulteration of food products is as old as food processing and production systems. Food adulteration is occurring increasingly often today. With globalization and complex distribution systems, adulteration may have a far-reaching impact and even adverse consequences on well-being. The means of the international community to confront and solve food fraud today are scattered and largely ineffective. A collective approach is needed to identify all stakeholders in the food supply chain, certify and qualify them, exclude those failing to meet applicable standards, and track food in a real time. This review provides some background into the drivers of fraudulent practices (economically motivated adulteration, food-industry perspectives, and consumers' perceptions of fraud) and discusses a wide range of the currently available technologies for detecting food adulteration followed by multivariate pattern recognition tools. Food chain integrity policies are discussed. Future directions in research, concerned not only with food adulterers but also with food safety and climate change, may be useful for researchers in developing interdisciplinary approaches to contemporary problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Esteki
- Dept. of Chemistry, Univ. of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45195-313, Iran
| | - J Regueiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Dept. of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, Univ. of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - J Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Dept. of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, Univ. of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004, Ourense, Spain
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9
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Cambeiro-Pérez N, Hidalgo-Cantabrana C, Moro-García MA, Alonso-Arias R, Simal-Gándara J, Sánchez B, Martínez-Carballo E. A Metabolomics Approach Reveals Immunomodulatory Effects of Proteinaceous Molecules Derived From Gut Bacteria Over Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2701. [PMID: 30524384 PMCID: PMC6262353 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There are strong evidences that probiotics influence the immune status of the host, in a strain-specific manner, acting in the gastrointestinal tract. On the hypothesis that certain extracellular proteins and peptides from gut bacteria may mediate part of this immunomodulation and assuming they are able to diffuse through the mucus layer and interact with immune cells we have developed this work. Our study attempts to understand the immunomodulatory mechanisms of (i) Pext, the extracellular protein fraction of Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM20079T, (ii) HM14, a peptide encrypted in an extracellular glycoside hydrolase from Bifidobacterium longum NCIMB 8809 and (iii) Escherichia coli O111:B4 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a well-known pro-inflammatory molecule, over human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). An untargeted LC-ESI-QTOF-MS metabolomics approach was applied to reveal intracellular changes in treated-PBMCs isolated from healthy donors. Differences in NADH arrest, NAD+ concentration reduction, as well as increases in palmitic acid and methanephrin were observed in HM14 and Pext treated-cells compared to those stimulated with LPS. This would support an anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism of action of such proteinaceous molecules. Moreover, this methodology has confirms the importance of metabolomics approaches to better understanding immune cell responses to gut bacterial-derived molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Cambeiro-Pérez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Claudio Hidalgo-Cantabrana
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marco A Moro-García
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alonso-Arias
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Borja Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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Figueiredo-González M, Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Carrasco-Pancorbo A, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. The involvement of phenolic-rich extracts from Galician autochthonous extra-virgin olive oils against the α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition. Food Res Int 2018; 116:447-454. [PMID: 30716967 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
'Brava' and 'Mansa de Figueiredo' extra-virgin olive oils (EVOOs) are two varieties identified from north-western Spain. A systematic phenolic characterization of the studied oils was undertaken by LC-ESI-IT-MS. In addition, the role of dietary polyphenols from these EVOOs has been evaluated against the inhibition of key enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM). Oleuropein and ligstroside derivatives comprised 83% and 67% of the total phenolic compounds in 'Brava' and 'Mansa de Figueiredo' EVOOs, respectively. The main secoiridoids from oleuropein were DOA (3,4-DHPEA-EDA, 59 and 22 mg kg-1, respectively) and the main isomer of OlAgl (3,4-DHPEA-EA, 74 and 23 mg kg-1). The main secoiridoids from ligstroside were D-LigAgl (p-HPEA-EDA or oleocanthal, 23 and 167 mg kg-1) and the main isomer of LigAgl (p-HPEA-EA, 214 and 114 mg kg-1). For α-glucosidase, both EVOO extracts displayed stronger inhibitory activity (IC50 values of 60 ± 8 and 118 ± 9 μg mL-1, respectively) than the commercial inhibitor acarbose (IC50 = 356 ± 21 μg mL-1). Nevertheless, for α-amylase, only 'Brava' extracts showed anti-α-amylase capacity. A daily VOO intake lower than the requirements of EFSA seem to be enough to reach both 50% for α-glucosidase and 25% for α-amylase inhibition. These findings support the potential health benefits derived from Galician EVOOs that might be probably linked to the outstanding high concentration levels of phenolic acids and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Figueiredo-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - P Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Ranieri 65, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - C González-Barreiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - A Carrasco-Pancorbo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Ave. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - B Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - J Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
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González-Gómez X, Cambeiro-Pérez N, Martínez-Carballo E, Simal-Gándara J. Screening of organic pollutants in pet hair samples and the significance of environmental factors. Sci Total Environ 2018; 625:311-319. [PMID: 29289779 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic pollutants (OPs) represent a wide range of chemicals that are potentially harmful for human and wildlife health. Many of these pollutants have been identified as endocrine disruptors that can alter hormonal balance producing adverse biological effects such as neurotoxicity, reproductive disorders, carcinogenicity and hepatotoxicity. For years, hair has been selected as a non-invasive source to assess levels of animal contamination. In the present study, a multiclass screening method for determining about 60 organic pollutants in pet hair was designed and validated for qualitative and quantitative purposes. Concentrations from different classes of organochlorine, and organophosphate pesticides (OCPs, and OPPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs and DL-PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) were identified in the selected pet hair samples from Ourense (NW, Spain). We detected most of these pollutants in the selected hair pets. The mean concentrations found ranged from 89 to 6556ng/g for OPEs, from 8.6 to 1031ng/g for PAHs, from 8.6 to 256ng/g for PBDEs, from 29 to 184ng/g for OPPs, from 0.29 to 139 for OCPs, from 0.30 to 59ng/g for NDL-PCBs and from 1.2 to 14ng/g for DL-PCBs. To our knowledge, this is the first study to document the presence of OPs in pets from North-West Spain and it could provide baseline information for future monitoring of OPs in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiana González-Gómez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Noelia Cambeiro-Pérez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J, Giampieri F, Forbes-Hernández TY, Gasparrini M, Afrin S, Cianciosi D, Manna PP, Varela-López A, Ojeda-Amador RM, Fregapane G, Desamparados Salvador M, Battino M. Effect of pistachio kernel extracts in MCF-7 breast cancer cells: Inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of ROS production, modulation of glycolysis and of mitochondrial respiration. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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13
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Forbes-Hernández TY, Gasparrini M, Afrin S, Cianciosi D, Carrasco-Pancorbo A, Simal-Gándara J, Giampieri F, Battino M. Characterization of phenolic extracts from Brava extra virgin olive oils and their cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:73-85. [PMID: 29753866 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the phenolic profile of the 'Brava' extra virgin olive oil and assess its potential as a "natural adjuvant" in combination with chemotherapy treatment. The total phenol content of the phenolic extracts was 764 mg gallic acid equivalents/kg and the total antioxidant capacity was 2309, 1881 and 2088 μM trolox equivalents/kg determined by Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical method, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity assay, respectively. Secoiridoids comprised 83% of the total phenolic compounds. The main secoiridoid from oleuropein was the main isomer of oleuropein aglycone (74 mg/kg). The main secoiridoid from ligstroside was the main isomer of ligstroside aglycone (214 mg/kg). These phenolic extracts showed a significant decrease in cell viability on MCF-7 breast cancer cells in a dose and time dependent manner. 48 h-treatments with different concentrations of the extracts induced intracellular ROS generation and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Carmen González-Barreiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alegría Carrasco-Pancorbo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Ave. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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López-Fernández O, Pose-Juan E, Yáñez R, Rial-Otero R, Simal-Gándara J. Modelling the isothermal degradation kinetics of metrafenone and mepanipyrim in a grape juice analog. Food Res Int 2018; 108:339-346. [PMID: 29735065 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Five photodegradation products of metrafenone (MTF) and six of mepanipyrim (MEP) were identified in synthetic grape juice at 25 °C and the structures of the main reaction products established. The degradation of MTF and MEP was modelled by using three different strategies involving monitoring (a) the disappearance of the parent compound, (b) the conversion of the parent compound into its main structurally related reaction products and (c) the degradation of the parent compound to all intermediates and degradation end-products. The kinetic coefficients of degradation for these fungicides were determined and the corresponding half-lives found to be 20.8 h for MFT and 10.1 h for MEP. The proposed models afford reasonably accurate interpretation of the experimental data. Based on the results, modelling the kinetics of disappearance of the parent compound by itself does not ensure the best fit of the degradation behaviour of the fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalla López-Fernández
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, SPAIN
| | - Eva Pose-Juan
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, SPAIN
| | - Remedios Yáñez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, SPAIN
| | - Raquel Rial-Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, SPAIN.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, SPAIN.
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Figueiredo-González M, Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Simal-Gándara J, Valentão P, Carrasco-Pancorbo A, Andrade P, Cancho-Grande B. Evaluation of the neuroprotective and antidiabetic potential of phenol-rich extracts from virgin olive oils by in vitro assays. Food Res Int 2018; 106:558-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Figueiredo-González M, Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Carrasco-Pancorbo A, Simal-Gándara J, Cancho-Grande B. Nutraceutical Potential of Phenolics from 'Brava' and 'Mansa' Extra-Virgin Olive Oils on the Inhibition of Enzymes Associated to Neurodegenerative Disorders in Comparison with Those of 'Picual' and 'Cornicabra'. Molecules 2018; 23:E722. [PMID: 29561824 PMCID: PMC6017695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing interest in the Mediterranean diet is based on the protective effects against several diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. Polyphenol-rich functional foods have been proposed to be unique supplementary and nutraceutical treatments for these disorders. Extra-virgin olive oils (EVOOs) obtained from 'Brava' and 'Mansa', varieties recently identified from Galicia (northwestern Spain), were selected for in vitro screening to evaluate their capacity to inhibit key enzymes involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)), major depressive disorder (MDD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) (monoamine oxidases: hMAO-A and hMAO-B respectively). 'Brava' oil exhibited the best inhibitory activity against all enzymes, when they are compared to 'Mansa' oil: BuChE (IC50 = 245 ± 5 and 591 ± 23 mg·mL-1), 5-LOX (IC50 = 45 ± 7 and 106 ± 14 mg·mL-1), hMAO-A (IC50 = 30 ± 1 and 72 ± 10 mg·mL-1) and hMAO-B (IC50 = 191 ± 8 and 208 ± 14 mg·mL-1), respectively. The inhibitory capacity of the phenolic extracts could be associated with the content of secoiridoids, lignans and phenolic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Figueiredo-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Orense, Spain.
| | - Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Orense, Spain.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Ranieri 65, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Carmen González-Barreiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Orense, Spain.
| | - Alegría Carrasco-Pancorbo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Ave. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Orense, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Orense, Spain.
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Briz-Cid N, Castro-Sobrino L, Rial-Otero R, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. Fungicide residues affect the sensory properties and flavonoid composition of red wine. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Regueiro J, Negreira N, Carreira-Casais A, Pérez-Lamela C, Simal-Gándara J. Dietary exposure and neurotoxicity of the environmental free and bound toxin β- N -methylamino- l -alanine. Food Res Int 2017; 100:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Fernández-Cruz T, Martínez-Carballo E, Simal-Gándara J. Optimization of selective pressurized liquid extraction of organic pollutants in placenta to evaluate prenatal exposure. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1495:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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López-Fernández O, Pose-Juan E, Rial-Otero R, Simal-Gándara J. Effects of hydrochemistry variables on the half-life of mancozeb and on the hazard index associated to the sum of mancozeb and ethylenethiourea. Environ Res 2017; 154:253-260. [PMID: 28110212 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mancozeb is a dithiocarbamate non-systemic agricultural fungicide with multi-site, protective action. It helps to control many fungal diseases in a wide range of field crops, fruits, nuts, vegetables, and ornamental plants. We have investigated the stability profiles of mancozeb in aqueous solutions to determine the effect of pH, temperature and light on the degradation process of mancozeb. In addition, the toxicological risk for humans associated with the joint intake of mancoze7b and its final degradation product, ethylenethiourea (ETU), was calculated and modelled as a function of the experimental conditions. Stability study results showed a very low stability profile of mancozeb in all the aqueous solutions with rapid degradation that varied with experimental conditions. The process followed first order kinetics. The study of the degradation kinetics showed a significant effect of pH*temperature interaction on the degradation process. The results also expressed that light has a greater impact on the stability of mancozeb and the formation of ETU. The current study concludes that mancozeb is unstable in aqueous solutions, particularly at an acid pH, in addition to presenting both severe light and lower temperature sensitivity. The toxicological risk associated with mancozeb degradation increases with time and temperature, being higher at basic pH and in absence of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- O López-Fernández
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - E Pose-Juan
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - R Rial-Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - J Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
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21
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Figueiredo-González M, González-Barreiro C, Simal-Gándara J, Salvador MD, Cancho-Grande B, Fregapane G. State of the Art on Functional Virgin Olive Oils Enriched with Bioactive Compounds and Their Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030668. [PMID: 28335517 PMCID: PMC5372680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Virgin olive oil, the main fat of the Mediterranean diet, is per se considered as a functional food—as stated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)—due to its content in healthy compounds. The daily intake of endogenous bioactive phenolics from virgin olive oil is variable due to the influence of multiple agronomic and technological factors. Thus, a good strategy to ensure an optimal intake of polyphenols through habitual diet would be to produce enriched virgin olive oil with well-known bioactive polyphenols. Different sources of natural biological active substances can be potentially used to enrich virgin olive oil (e.g., raw materials derived from the same olive tree, mainly olive leaves and pomaces, and/or other compounds from plants and vegetables, mainly herbs and spices). The development of these functional olive oils may help in prevention of chronic diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases, immune frailty, ageing disorders and degenerative diseases) and improving the quality of life for many consumers reducing health care costs. In the present review, the most relevant scientific information related to the development of enriched virgin olive oil and their positive human health effects has been collected and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - María Figueiredo-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Carmen González-Barreiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - María Desamparados Salvador
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real Campus, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Giuseppe Fregapane
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real Campus, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Fernández-Cruz T, Martínez-Carballo E, Simal-Gándara J. Perspective on pre- and post-natal agro-food exposure to persistent organic pollutants and their effects on quality of life. Environ Int 2017; 100:79-101. [PMID: 28089279 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue constitutes a continual source of internal exposure to organic pollutants (OPs). When fats mobilize during pregnancy and breastfeeding, OPs could affect foetal and neonatal development, respectively. SCOPE AND APPROACH The main aim of this review is to deal with pre- and post-natal external exposure to organic pollutants and their effects on health, proposing prevention measures to reduce their risk. The goal is the development of a biomonitoring framework program to estimate their impact on human health, and prevent exposure by recommending some changes in personal lifestyle habits. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS It has been shown that new studies should be developed taking into account their cumulative effect and the factors affecting their body burden. In conclusion, several programs should continuously be developed by different health agencies to have a better understanding of the effect of these substances and to develop a unified public policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Fernández-Cruz
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
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23
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Rakmai J, Cheirsilp B, Torrado-Agrasar A, Simal-Gándara J, Mejuto JC. Encapsulation of yarrow essential oil in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin: physiochemical characterization and evaluation of bio-efficacies. CyTA - Journal of Food 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2017.1286523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaruporn Rakmai
- Biotechnology for Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Benjamas Cheirsilp
- Biotechnology for Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Ana Torrado-Agrasar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Mejuto
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
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Mora-Ruiz ME, Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Salvador MD, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J, Fregapane G. Assessment of polar phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil by NIR and mid-IR spectroscopy and their impact on quality. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eugenia Mora-Ruiz
- Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria; Grupo de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Vigo; Ourense Spain
| | | | - Carmen González-Barreiro
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria; Grupo de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Vigo; Ourense Spain
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria; Grupo de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Vigo; Ourense Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria; Grupo de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Vigo; Ourense Spain
| | - Giuseppe Fregapane
- Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Ciudad Real Spain
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López-Fernández O, Yáñez R, Rial-Otero R, Simal-Gándara J. Kinetic modelling of mancozeb hydrolysis and photolysis to ethylenethiourea and other by-products in water. Water Res 2016; 102:561-571. [PMID: 27423406 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to propose kinetic models suitable for reproducing and predicting mancozeb (Mz) conversion to by-products as a function of the operational conditions. The main factors (pH, temperature and light) potentially affecting the mancozeb degradation in aqueous models were studied by a multifactorial screening design. In addition, the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the interactive effects of these factors on ethylenethiourea (ETU) formation. The response surface revealed that the best degradation conditions to minimize mancozeb conversion to ETU were low pH (2), low temperature (25 °C) and darkness. Under these conditions, the percentage of mancozeb remained in the solution at 72 h was approximately 10% of the initial concentration and the percentage of ETU conversion was 5.4%. However, according to the model, in surface waters under typical environmental conditions (pH 8, 25 °C and light) the percentage of mancozeb conversion to ETU would be about 17.5%. The proposed model provides a satisfactory interpretation of the experimental data obtained during the hydrolysis of mancozeb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalla López-Fernández
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Remedios Yáñez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science Faculty, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Raquel Rial-Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
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26
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Yebra-Pimentel I, Fernández-González R, Martínez-Carballo E, Simal-Gándara J. A Critical Review about the Health Risk Assessment of PAHs and Their Metabolites in Foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 55:1383-405. [PMID: 24915328 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.697497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a family of toxicants that are ubiquitous in the environment. These contaminants generate considerable interest, because some of them are highly carcinogenic in laboratory animals and have been implicated in breast, lung, and colon cancers in humans. Dietary intake of PAHs constitutes a major source of exposure in humans. Factors affecting the accumulation of PAHs in the diet, their absorption following ingestion, and strategies to assess risk from exposure to these hydrocarbons following ingestion have received very little attention. This review, therefore, focuses on concentrations of PAHs in widely consumed dietary ingredients along with gastrointestinal absorption rates in humans. Metabolism and bioavailability of PAHs in animal models and the processes, which influence the disposition of these chemicals, are discussed. Finally, based on intake, disposition, and tumorigenesis data, the exposure risk to PAHs from diet is presented. This information is expected to provide a framework for refinements in risk assessment of PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iria Yebra-Pimentel
- a Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology , University of Vigo , Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense , Spain
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Noguerol-Pato R, Fernández-Cruz T, Sieiro-Sampedro T, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Cilla-García DA, García-Pastor M, Martínez-Soria MT, Sanz-Asensio J, Simal-Gándara J. Dissipation of Fungicide Residues during Winemaking and Their Effects on Fermentation and the Volatile Composition of Wines. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:1344-1354. [PMID: 26808836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of four fungicides commonly used for the control of fungal diseases in vines and grapes in the course of winemaking were tested. The concentration of fungicide residues was monitored throughout the process to establish their kinetics of dissipation. In all cases the percentages of dissipation were >68%, which shows the detoxificant effect of the winemaking process. On the other hand, the effect of the fungicide residues on the aroma composition of Tempranillo red wines was tested. To evaluate possible modifications on the aroma profile of wines, seven odorant series (ripe fruits, fresh fruits, lactic, floral, spicy, vinous, and herbaceous) were built from the odor activity values (OAVs) obtained for each volatile compound. Ripe fruits and fresh fruits were the major aromatic attributes in all Tempranillo red wines. These two odorant series registered the highest variations in their total OAVs with respect to the control wine, especially with the application of boscalid + kresoxim-methyl into vines, leading to a decrease in the ripe fruit and fresh fruit nuances of the resulting wines. Moreover, when the effect of these fungicides on the aroma of Tempranillo red wines was compared throughout two years (2012 and 2013), wines elaborated from grapes treated in the field with boscalid + kresoxim-methyl in 2013 displayed the highest variation in aroma profile with respect to control wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Noguerol-Pato
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo , E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Tania Fernández-Cruz
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo , E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Thais Sieiro-Sampedro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo , E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Carmen González-Barreiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo , E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo , E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Diego-Augusto Cilla-García
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of La Rioja , E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - María García-Pastor
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of La Rioja , E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - María-Teresa Martínez-Soria
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of La Rioja , E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús Sanz-Asensio
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of La Rioja , E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo , E-32004 Ourense, Spain
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Rey-Salgueiro L, Omil B, Merino A, Martínez-Carballo E, Simal-Gándara J. Organic pollutants profiling of wood ashes from biomass power plants linked to the ash characteristics. Sci Total Environ 2016; 544:535-543. [PMID: 26674682 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Wood ash, characterized by high content of certain nutrients and charcoal, can be applied to soils as a means of managing this waste product improving the soil quality. The associated environmental risk must be assessed. The objective of this study was to characterize the bottom and fly ash collected from 15 biomass power plants in Spain by determining the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and styrene (BTEX+S), PAHs and aliphatic hydrocarbon contents of both types of ash. Biochar was also used for comparison purposes. METHODS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric methods were used for the identification and determination of both BTEX+S and aliphatic hydrocarbon contents in bottom and fly ashes, as well as biochar. High performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was used for PAHs measurements. Multivariate correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between sample characteristics and pollutants identified by partial least squares regression analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In general, the degree to which organic matter in the sample is burned increases with T50 or the "50% burn off" temperature (possibly due to the addition of fuel), and the BTEX+S also tended to increase. However, as the Q/MO (the heat of combustion divided by organic matter mass) increased, the combustion decreased or proceeded with less oxygen, which appears to be related to an increased presence of PAHs. The results confirm that the amounts of organic pollutants (PAHs and BTEX+S, together with total aliphatic hydrocarbons) in the wood ash do not exceed limits established for different soil or industrial uses. CONCLUSIONS Both types of ash, together with biochar, may therefore be suitable for application to soil as a fertilizer and an organic amendment, taking into account the target organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ledicia Rey-Salgueiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Beatriz Omil
- Sustainable Forest Management Unit, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela - Lugo Campus, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Agustín Merino
- Sustainable Forest Management Unit, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela - Lugo Campus, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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29
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López-Fernández O, Rial-Otero R, Simal-Gándara J, Boned J. Dissipation kinetics of pre-plant pesticides in greenhouse-devoted soils. Sci Total Environ 2016; 543:1-8. [PMID: 26575632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This work was conducted to study the distribution of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) in greenhouse soils treated with the fumigant dazomet (DZ) from the formulated product "Basamid Granular(®)", but also of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) from the fumigant "Agrocelhone NE(®)". In order to achieve this aim, several methods for the determination of fumigants residues in soils, but also pepper fruits were optimized and characterized. With independence of the soil depth, no residues of MITC, 1,3-D and CP above the detection limits were observed in soils covered with a polyethylene (PE) film (0.04 mm thick) after 27, 13 and 8 days of treatment, respectively. Liberation and dissipation curves of MITC in soil in presence of a PE film (0.04 mm) used to limit volatilization losses were also obtained. According to the results, the rate of decomposition of DZ into MITC have a half-life of 3.7 days in the surface horizon (5-10 cm) of the soil while in the subsurface horizon (15-20 cm), MITC formation rate is slightly slow (half-life of 3.2 days). With respect to the dissipation process, half-lives lower than 1 day were obtained for both depths (0.8 and 0.9 for the surface and the subsurface horizon, respectively). In the case of 1,3-D and CP in soil, the dissipation half-life of 1,3-D on soils was a bit higher than for CP (2 days vs. 1). In addition, the presence of residues of the fumigants on green pepper fruits grown on the treated soils was not detected as expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- O López-Fernández
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - R Rial-Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - J Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - J Boned
- Isagro España S.L, c/ Maldonado, No 63 Madrid, Spain
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30
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Rial-Otero R, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. Effects of sugar concentration processes in grapes and wine aging on aroma compounds of sweet wines—a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 55:1053-73. [PMID: 24915355 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.680524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Dessert sweet wines from Europe and North America are described in this review from two points of view: both their aroma profile and also their sensorial description. There are growing literature data about the chemical composition and sensory properties of these wines. Wines were grouped according to the production method (concentration of sugars in grapes) and to the aging process of wine (oxidative, biological, or a combination of both and aging in the bottle). It was found that wines natively sweets and wines fortified with liquors differ in their volatile compounds. Sensory properties of these wines include those of dried fruit (raisins), red berries, honey, chocolate and vanilla, which is contributing to their growing sales. However, there is still a need for scientific research on the understanding of the mechanisms for wine flavor enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- a Nutrition and Bromatology Group , Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty , University of Vigo-Ourense Campus , E-32004 Ourense , Spain
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31
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Regueiro J, Negreira N, Simal-Gándara J. Challenges in relating concentrations of aromas and tastes with flavor features of foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 57:2112-2127. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1048775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Regueiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Food Science and Technology Faculty, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, University of Vigo—Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Noelia Negreira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Food Science and Technology Faculty, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, University of Vigo—Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
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32
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Regueiro J, Olguín N, Simal-Gándara J, Suñol C. Toxicity evaluation of new agricultural fungicides in primary cultured cortical neurons. Environ Res 2015; 140:37-44. [PMID: 25825129 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides are crucial for food protection as well as for the production of crops of suitable quality and quantity to provide a viable economic return. Like other pesticides, fungicides are widely sprayed on agricultural land, especially in wine-growing areas, from where they can move-off after application. Furthermore, residues of these agrochemicals can remain on crops after harvest and even after some food processing operations, being a major exposure pathway. Although a relatively low toxicity has been claimed for this kind of compounds, information about their neurotoxicity is still scarce. In the present study, nine fungicides recently approved for agricultural uses in the EU - ametoctradin, boscalid, cyazofamid, dimethomorph, fenhexamid, kresoxim-methyl, mepanipyrim, metrafenone and pyraclostrobin - have been evaluated for their toxicity in primary cultured mouse cortical neurons. Exposure to 0.1-100µM for 7 days in vitro resulted in a dose-dependent toxicity in the MTT cell viability assay. Strobilurin fungicides kresoxim-methyl (KR) and pyraclostrobin (PY) were the most neurotoxic compounds (lethal concentration 50 were in the low micromolar and nanomolar levels, respectively) causing a rapid raise in intracellular calcium [Ca(2+)]i and strong depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. KR- and PY-induced cell death was reversed by the calcium channels blockers MK-801 and verapamil, suggesting that calcium entry through NMDA receptors and voltage-operated calcium channels are involved in KR- and PY-induced neurotoxicity. These results highlight the need for further evaluation of their neurotoxic effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Regueiro
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), IDIBAPS, CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Nair Olguín
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), IDIBAPS, CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Cristina Suñol
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), IDIBAPS, CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain.
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33
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Noguerol-Pato R, Sieiro-Sampedro T, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. Evaluation of the effect of fenhexamid and mepanipyrim in the volatile composition of Tempranillo and Graciano wines. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Briz-Cid N, Figueiredo-González M, Rial-Otero R, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. The measure and control of effects of botryticides on phenolic profile and color quality of red wines. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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35
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. Quality of extra virgin olive oils produced in an emerging olive growing area in north-western Spain. Food Chem 2014; 164:418-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Regueiro J, López-Fernández O, Rial-Otero R, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. A Review on the Fermentation of Foods and the Residues of Pesticides—Biotransformation of Pesticides and Effects on Fermentation and Food Quality. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 55:839-63. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.677872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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37
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Fernández-González R, Yebra-Pimentel I, Martínez-Carballo E, Simal-Gándara J, Pontevedra-Pombal X. Atmospheric pollutants in fog and rain events at the northwestern mountains of the Iberian Peninsula. Sci Total Environ 2014; 497-498:188-199. [PMID: 25129155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and exist in gas and particle phases, as well as dissolved or suspended in precipitation (fog or rain). While the hydrosphere is the main reservoir for PAHs, the atmosphere serves as the primary route for global transport of PCBs. In this study, fog and rain samples were collected during fourteen events from September 2011 to April 2012 in the Xistral Mountains, a remote range in the NW Iberian Peninsula. PAH compounds [especially of low molecular weight (LMW)] were universally found, but mainly in the fog-water samples. The total PAH concentration in fog-water ranged from non-detected to 216 ng·L(-1) (mean of 45 ng·L(-1)), and was much higher in fall than in winter. Total PAH levels in the rain and fog events varied from non-detected to 1272 and 33 ng·L(-1) for, respectively, LMW and high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs. Diagnostic ratio analysis (LMW PAHs/HMW PAHs) suggested that petroleum combustion was the dominant contributor to PAHs in the area. Total PCB levels in the rain and fog events varied from non-detected to 305 and 91 ng·L(-1) for, respectively, PCBs with 2-3 Cl atoms and 5-10 Cl atoms. PCBs, especially those with 5-10 Cl atoms, were found linked to rain events. The occurrence of the most volatile PCBs, PCBs with 2-3 Cl atoms, is related to wind transport from far away sources, whereas the occurrence of PCBs with 5-10 Cl atoms seems to be related with the increase of its deposition during rainfall at the end of summer and fall. The movement of this fraction of PCBs is facilitated by its binding to air-suspended particles, whose concentrations usually show an increase as the result of a prolonged period of drought in summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Fernández-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Iria Yebra-Pimentel
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Xabier Pontevedra-Pombal
- Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago Campus, E15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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38
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Pérez-Gregorio MR, Regueiro J, Simal-Gándara J, Rodrigues AS, Almeida DPF. Increasing the added-value of onions as a source of antioxidant flavonoids: a critical review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:1050-62. [PMID: 24499121 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.624283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a large and diverse group of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant effects. While the flavonoid content and composition profile clearly reflect the genetic background of the cultivar, environmental conditions and agronomic practices are also determinants for the composition of crops at harvest. Considerable research has been directed toward understanding the nature of polyphenols in different products and the factors influencing their accumulation. This review examines the flavonoids as a class of compounds, the role these compounds play in the plant, their contributions to product quality, and recent research on the impacts of environmental factors and cultural practices on flavonoid content in onions, highlighting how this knowledge may be used to modulate their polyphenolic composition at harvest or during post-harvest handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Pérez-Gregorio
- a Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) , Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Jordi Girona 18-26 , E-08034 , Barcelona , Spain
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39
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González-Barreiro C, Rial-Otero R, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. Wine Aroma Compounds in Grapes: A Critical Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 55:202-18. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.650336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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40
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Briz-Cid N, Figueiredo-González M, Rial-Otero R, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. Effect of two anti-fungal treatments (metrafenone and boscalid plus kresoxim-methyl) applied to vines on the color and phenol profile of different red wines. Molecules 2014; 19:8093-111. [PMID: 24936710 PMCID: PMC6270733 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19068093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of two anti-fungal treatments (metrafenone and boscalid + kresoxim-methyl) on the color and phenolic profile of Tempranillo and Graciano red wines has been studied. To evaluate possible modifications in color and phenolic composition of wines, control and wines elaborated with treated grapes under good agricultural practices were analyzed. Color was assessed by Glories and CIELab parameters. Color changes were observed for treated wines with boscalid + kresoxim-methyl, leading to the production of wines with less color vividness. Phenolic profile was characterized by HPLC analysis. Boscalid + kresoxim-methyl treatment promoted the greatest decrease on the phenolic content in wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Briz-Cid
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense E-32004, Spain
| | - María Figueiredo-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense E-32004, Spain
| | - Raquel Rial-Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense E-32004, Spain
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense E-32004, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense E-32004, Spain.
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41
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Cid A, Morales J, Mejuto J, Briz-Cid N, Rial-Otero R, Simal-Gándara J. Thermodynamics of sodium dodecyl sulphate-salicylic acid based micellar systems and their potential use in fruits postharvest. Food Chem 2014; 151:358-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Rey-Salgueiro L, Regueiro J, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. Ultrasound-assisted emulsification–microextraction for the determination of phenolic compounds in olive oils. Food Chem 2014; 150:128-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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43
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. Improvements in the malaxation process to enhance the aroma quality of extra virgin olive oils. Food Chem 2014; 158:534-45. [PMID: 24731380 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The influence of olive paste preparation conditions on the standard quality parameters, as well as volatile profiles of extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) from Morisca and Manzanilla de Sevilla cultivars produced in an emerging olive growing area in north-western Spain and processed in an oil mill plant were investigated. For this purpose, two malaxation temperatures (20/30 °C), and two malaxation times (30/90 min) selected in accordance with the customs of the area producers were tested. The volatile profile of the oils underwent a substantial change in terms of odorant series when different malaxation parameters were applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - C González-Barreiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - B Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - J Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Regueiro J, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Negreira N, Simal-Gándara J, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Identification and quantification of grapefruit juice furanocoumarin metabolites in urine: an approach based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry and solid-phase extraction coupled to ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:2134-2140. [PMID: 24568314 DOI: 10.1021/jf405701a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Grapefruit is a rich source of flavonoids but also contains furanocoumarins, which are known to strongly interact with a variety of medications. Thus, characterization of grapefruit furanocoumarin metabolites may help in a better understanding of grapefruit-drug interactions. In the present work, identification of the main metabolites of grapefruit juice furanocoumarins in urine was performed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (LTQ-Orbitrap). Glucuronides of 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin and a hydroxybergamottin-like metabolite were identified for the first time as grapefruit juice metabolites. Afterward, a fast and sensitive method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) and UPLC coupled to triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry (QqQ-MS/MS) was developed for determination of the identified metabolites in urine. The proposed method was applied to urine samples of five volunteers after intakes of moderate doses of grapefruit, lemon, and orange juices. Furanocoumarin metabolites were only detected in urines after consumption of grapefruit juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Regueiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo , 32004 Ourense, Spain
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López-Fernández O, Rial-Otero R, Cid A, Simal-Gándara J. Combined determination and confirmation of ethylenethiourea and propylenethiourea residues in fruits at low levels of detection. Food Chem 2014; 145:1002-10. [PMID: 24128576 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a new method for the determination of ethylenethiourea (ETU) and propylenethiourea (PTU) in fruits and vegetables is presented. Different extraction and purification techniques, including matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and solid-liquid extraction (SLE), followed by a clean-up step by solid phase extraction (SPE), were compared. The determination of ETU and PTU was performed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC/DAD) or by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC/MS). The effect of several parameters on the extraction, separation and detection was studied. The proposed method based on solid-liquid extraction with acetonitrile, clean-up with Envicarb II/PSA cartridges and subsequent analysis by HPLC/DAD was characterised and applied to the analysis of fruits and vegetables from different countries. Analytes recoveries were between 71% and 94% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 8% to 9.5%. Quantification limits obtained for ETU and PTU with the HPLC/DAD method were 7 and 16 μg kg⁻¹ in strawberries (fresh weight), respectively. For apples, they were 11 and 25 μg kg⁻¹, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- O López-Fernández
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
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González-Álvarez M, Noguerol-Pato R, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J. Sensory description of sweet wines obtained by the winemaking procedures of raisining, botrytisation and fortification. Food Chem 2014; 145:1021-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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47
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Yebra-Pimentel I, Fernández-González R, Martínez-Carballo E, Simal-Gándara J. Optimization of purification processes to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in polluted raw fish oils. Sci Total Environ 2014; 470-471:917-924. [PMID: 24231673 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fish oils are one of the main sources of health promoting nutrients such as n-3 fatty acids in animal and human diet. Nevertheless, they could be an important source of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Different strategies of decontamination processes to reduce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in fish oils, such as solvent extraction (ethanol) and adsorbent extraction using commercially available (activated carbon) and sustainable adsorbents (mussel shell and wood ashes), were compared. Adsorption conditions were evaluated and optimized by an experimental design and the experimental results were adjusted to response surfaces. In this way, PAH removals increased with increasing of individual PAH molecular weight and they range from 80% to 100% using activated carbon and from 10% to 100% using wood ashes. Pine wood ashes showed similar removal rates to activated carbon (87%-100%) excluding F (51%) and P (42%). No PAH removal was observed using mussel shell ashes. Ethanol extraction was also optimized and showed a good performance in the extraction of PAHs. However, it does affect their ω-3 fatty acid contents. Finally, real oil samples from different fishing areas: Spain, South America, and North Europe were selected for the decontamination experiments under experimental conditions previously optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iria Yebra-Pimentel
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Ricardo Fernández-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Fernández-González R, Yebra-Pimentel I, Martínez-Carballo E, Simal-Gándara J. Decontamination solutions for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in raw fish oils from environmentally contaminated sea fishes. Sci Total Environ 2014; 468-469:1007-1013. [PMID: 24095964 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fish oil has been identified as one of the most important contributors to the levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in food and feed products. In this study, PCB adsorption from fish oil onto activated carbon (AC), other sustainable adsorbents (mussel shell and wood waste ashes) and organic solvent such as ethanol were compared and optimized. Regarding to adsorbents, PCBs were extracted from fish oil by a 2.0% adsorbent material dose, during 6.0 h at 25 °C. Solvent extraction was carried out using 2 × 5.0 mL ethanol by manually stirring for 3.0 min, and then by Ultrasound-Assisted Solvent Extraction (UASE) for 5.0 min. The results showed that removal rates obtained by using adsorbent materials ranged from 0.0 to 10% for marker PCBs, from 0.0 to 37% for mono-ortho-PCBs, from 0.0 to 74% for PCB11 and from 0.0 to 95% for non-ortho-PCBs. Regarding to solvent extraction, ethanol was used by manually stirring and then by Ultrasound-Assisted Solvent Extraction (UASE). The samples were then centrifuged (2000 rpm/10 min) and the alcoholic phase was removed. With this method, removal efficiencies were much better (85-116%); nevertheless, high eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) removal rates (70-78 and 71-79%, respectively) were detected. We can conclude that adsorption with adsorbents depends on the geometry of PCB congeners, as well as both type of adsorption material and their origin, and that several sorption cycles are needed. Adsorption with ethanol could be the most effective methodology but nutritional quality was impaired, what makes necessary to look for other not so polar removal solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fernández-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
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Figueiredo-González M, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J, Teixeira N, Mateus N, De Freitas V. The phenolic chemistry and spectrochemistry of red sweet wine-making and oak-aging. Food Chem 2013; 152:522-30. [PMID: 24444970 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A natural sweet wine (NSW) was made with dried grapes from Vitis vinifera L. cv Garnacha Tintorera. A fortified sweet wine (FSW) was also obtained: the maceration-alcoholic fermentation of Garnacha Tintorera must was stopped by addition of ethanol 96% (v/v). UV/Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC/DAD-ESI/MS were applied to determine, respectively, the evolution of colour and phenolic compounds in Garnacha Tintorera based-sweet wines during aging. In sweet wines, aging decreased a(∗) (red/green), colour saturation and lightness and increased b(∗) (yellow/blue), and hue angle. Most of the phenolic compounds determined, such as anthocyanins, esters of hydroxycinnamic acids, flavan-3-ols monomers, oligomers and polymers decreased in both sweet wines during aging. On the contrary, hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids and vitisins increased after one year of aging. Despite that both terminal and extension subunit compositions show very small changes, mean degree of polymerisation of proanthocyanidins decline slightly as aging progressed in both sweet wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Figueiredo-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - B Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - J Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - N Teixeira
- Centro de Investigação em Quı́mica, Departamento de Quı́mica e Bioquı́mica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - N Mateus
- Centro de Investigação em Quı́mica, Departamento de Quı́mica e Bioquı́mica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - V De Freitas
- Centro de Investigação em Quı́mica, Departamento de Quı́mica e Bioquı́mica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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50
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Regueiro J, Sánchez-González C, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Simal-Gándara J, Lamuela-Raventós R, Izquierdo-Pulido M. Comprehensive identification of walnut polyphenols by liquid chromatography coupled to linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2013; 152:340-8. [PMID: 24444946 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies and clinical trials have demonstrated consistent benefits of walnut consumption on coronary heart disease risk and other chronic diseases. Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) have been described previously as a rich source of polyphenols with a broad array of different structures. However, an accurate screening of its complete phenolic profile is still lacking. In the present work, liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization hybrid linear trap quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (LC-LTQ-Orbitrap) was applied for a comprehensive identification of phenolic compounds in walnuts. A total of 120 compounds, including hydrolysable and condensed tannins, flavonoids and phenolic acids were identified or tentatively identified on the base of their retention times, accurate mass measurements and subsequent mass fragmentation data, or by comparing with reference substances and literature. The peak area of each signal in mass chromatograms was used to provide semiquantitative information for comparison purposes. The most abundant ions were observed for ellagitannins, ellagic acid and its derivatives. Furthermore, the high-resolution MS analysis revealed the presence of eight polyphenols that have never been reported in walnuts: stenophyllanin C, malabathrin A, eucalbanin A, cornusiin B, heterophylliin E, pterocarinin B, reginin A and alienanin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Regueiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, Ourense 32004, Spain
| | - Claudia Sánchez-González
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN, CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, Ourense 32004, Spain
| | - Rosa Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN, CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN, CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
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