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Martinez JA, Yu VY, Tringale KR, Otazo R, Cohen O. Phase-sensitive deep reconstruction method for rapid multiparametric MR fingerprinting and quantitative susceptibility mapping in the brain. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 109:147-157. [PMID: 38513790 PMCID: PMC11042874 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study explores the potential of Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) with a novel Phase-Sensitivity Deep Reconstruction Network (PS-DRONE) for simultaneous quantification of T1, T2, Proton Density, B1+, phase and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). METHODS Data were acquired at 3 T in vitro and in vivo using an optimized EPI-based MRF sequence. Phantom experiments were conducted using a standardized phantom for T1 and T2 maps and a custom-made agar-based gadolinium phantom for B1 and QSM maps. In vivo experiments included five healthy volunteers and one patient diagnosed with brain metastasis. PSDRONE maps were compared to reference maps obtained through standard imaging sequences. RESULTS Total scan time was 2 min for 32 slices and a resolution of [1 mm, 1 mm, 4.5 mm]. The reconstruction of T1, T2, Proton Density, B1+ and phase maps were reconstructed within 1 s. In the phantoms, PS-DRONE analysis presented accurate and strongly correlated T1 and T2 maps (r = 0.99) compared to the reference maps. B1 maps from PS-DRONE showed slightly higher values, though still correlated (r = 0.6) with the reference. QSM values showed a small bias but were strongly correlated (r = 0.99) with reference data. In the in vivo analysis, PS-DRONE-derived T1 and T2 values for gray and white matter matched reference values in healthy volunteers. PS-DRONE B1 and QSM maps showed strong correlations with reference values. CONCLUSION The PS-DRONE network enables concurrent acquisition of T1, T2, PD, B1+, phase and QSM maps, within 2 min of acquisition time and 1 s of reconstruction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Martinez
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA.
| | - Victoria Y Yu
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn R Tringale
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo Otazo
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA
| | - Ouri Cohen
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA
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Valer-Martinez A, Sayon-Orea C, Martinez JA, Basterra-Gortari FJ, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Bes-Rastrollo M. Vitamin D and risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the SUN project: a prospective cohort study. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02324-3. [PMID: 38459212 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with multiple chronic diseases, including metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the study was to analyze the association between validated predicted serum vitamin D status and the risk of developing T2D in a large prospective cohort based on a Mediterranean population. METHODS The SUN project is a prospective and dynamic Spanish cohort that gathers university graduates who have answered lifestyle questionnaires, including a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. The association between predicted serum vitamin D and the risk of T2D was assessed through Cox regression models according to quartiles (Q) of predicted vitamin D at baseline. The models were adjusted for potential confounders and sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of our findings. RESULTS Our study included a total of 18,594 participants and after a total follow-up of 238,078 person-years (median follow-up of 13.5 years), 209 individuals were diagnosed with incident T2D. We found a significant inverse association between predicted levels of serum vitamin D and the risk of developing T2D, after adjusting for potential confounders and performing different sensitivity analyses (hazard ratio Q4 vs. Q1: 0.48, 95% CI 0.26-0.88; p for trend = 0.032). CONCLUSION The outcomes suggest that higher levels of vitamin D at baseline may be associated with a reduced risk of developing T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valer-Martinez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C Sayon-Orea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- IdiSNa, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1 (Ed. Investigación), 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - J A Martinez
- Institute IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology/Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - F J Basterra-Gortari
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNa, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1 (Ed. Investigación), 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M A Martinez-Gonzalez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNa, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1 (Ed. Investigación), 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNa, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1 (Ed. Investigación), 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Buss LG, De Oliveira Pessoa D, Snider JM, Padi M, Martinez JA, Limesand KH. Metabolomics analysis of pathways underlying radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction stages. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294355. [PMID: 37983277 PMCID: PMC10659204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland hypofunction is an adverse side effect associated with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer patients. This study delineated metabolic changes at acute, intermediate, and chronic radiation damage response stages in mouse salivary glands following a single 5 Gy dose. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed on parotid salivary gland tissue collected at 3, 14, and 30 days following radiation (IR). Pathway enrichment analysis, network analysis based on metabolite structural similarity, and network analysis based on metabolite abundance correlations were used to incorporate both metabolite levels and structural annotation. The greatest number of enriched pathways are observed at 3 days and the lowest at 30 days following radiation. Amino acid metabolism pathways, glutathione metabolism, and central carbon metabolism in cancer are enriched at all radiation time points across different analytical methods. This study suggests that glutathione and central carbon metabolism in cancer may be important pathways in the unresolved effect of radiation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren G Buss
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Diogo De Oliveira Pessoa
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Justin M Snider
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Megha Padi
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Jessica A Martinez
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Kirsten H Limesand
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
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Herrera S, Torralbo B, Herranz S, Bernal-Maurandi J, Rubio E, Pitart C, Fortes I, Valls S, Rodríguez L, Santana G, Bodro M, Garcia-Vidal C, Hernández-Meneses M, Puerta P, Morata L, Villella A, Bertran MJ, Brey M, Soriano A, Del Río A, Martinez JA. Carriage of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: duration and risk factors. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:631-638. [PMID: 36964885 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04581-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Identification of risk factors influencing the duration of carriage of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) may be useful for infection control. The aim of this study is to estimate the impact of several factors collected for routine hospital surveillance on the duration of carriage of selected MDR-GNB. From January 2015 to July 2021, patients with at least two clinical/surveillance samples positive for MDR-GNB different from ESBL-producing E. coli or AmpC - exclusively producing Enterobacterales were assessed. Microorganisms, age, number of admissions, clinical or rectal sample, sex, and admission service were evaluated as risk factors. Multivariate analysis was performed by a Cox proportional hazard model. A total of 1981 episodes of colonization were included. Involved microorganisms were ESBL-Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) in 1057 cases (53.4%), other ESBL-non-E. coli Enterobacterales in 91 (4.6%), OXA-48-KP in 263 (13.3%), KPC-KP in 90 (4.5%), VIM-KP in 29 (1.5%), carbapenemase-producing non-KP Enterobacterales (CP-non-KP) in 124 (6.3%), and MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PAER) in 327 (16.5%). No differences in duration of colonization were observed among ESBL-KP (median colonization time 320 days), ESBL-non-E. coli Enterobacterales (226 days), OXA48-KP (305 days), and MDR-PAER (321 days). For each group, duration of colonization was significantly longer than that of KPC-KP (median colonization time 60 days), VIM-KP (138 days), and CP-non-KP (71 days). Male sex (HR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.78-0.99), detection in Hepatology-Gastroenterology (HR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.54-0.93), clinical sample (HR = 0.61; 95% CI 0.53-0.69), and > 2 admissions after first detection (HR = 0.47; 95% CI 0.42-0.52) were independent predictors of longer carriage, whereas VIM-KP (HR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.04-2.48), KPC-KP (HR = 1.85; 95% CI 1.49-2.3), and CP-non-KP (HR = 1.92; 95% CI 1.49-2.47) were associated with shorter colonization time. Duration of colonization was significantly longer for ESBL-KP, other ESBL-non-E. coli Enterobacterales, OXA-48-KP, and MDR-PAER. For these microorganisms, prolonging surveillance up to 2.5-3 years should be considered. Male sex, clinical sample, multiple readmissions, admission service, and type of microorganism are independent predictors of the duration of carriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Herrera
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Torralbo
- Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Herranz
- Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Bernal-Maurandi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Rubio
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, ISGLOBAL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Pitart
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, ISGLOBAL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Fortes
- Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Valls
- Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Rodríguez
- Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Santana
- Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Bodro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Garcia-Vidal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Hernández-Meneses
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Puerta
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Morata
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Villella
- Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M J Bertran
- Preventive Medicine, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Brey
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Soriano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Del Río
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-IDIBAPS, C. de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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Martinez JA, Wertheim BC, Roe DJ, Taljanovic MS, Chow HHS, Chew W, Ehsani S, Jiralerspong S, Segar J, Chalasani P. Oxylipins as Biomarkers for Aromatase Inhibitor-Induced Arthralgia (AIA) in Breast Cancer Patients. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030452. [PMID: 36984892 PMCID: PMC10052117 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia (AIA) presents a major problem for patients with breast cancer but is poorly understood. This prospective study explored the inflammatory metabolomic changes in the development of AIA. This single-arm, prospective clinical trial enrolled 28 postmenopausal women with early-stage (0-3) ER+ breast cancer starting adjuvant anastrozole. Patients completed the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (BCPT) Symptom Checklist and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) at 0, 3, and 6 months. The plasma levels of four polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and 48 oxylipins were quantified at each timepoint. The subscores for WOMAC-pain and stiffness as well as BCPT-total, hot flash, and musculoskeletal pain significantly increased from baseline to 6 months (all p < 0.05). PUFA and oxylipin levels were stable over time. The baseline levels of 8-HETE were positively associated with worsening BCPT-total, BCPT-hot flash, BCPT-musculoskeletal pain, WOMAC-pain, and WOMAC- stiffness at 6 months (all p < 0.05). Both 9-HOTrE and 13(S)-HOTrE were related to worsening hot flash, and 5-HETE was related to worsening stiffness (all p < 0.05). This is the first study to prospectively characterize oxylipin and PUFA levels in patients with breast cancer starting adjuvant anastrozole. The oxylipin 8-HETE should be investigated further as a potential biomarker for AIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Martinez
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | - Denise J Roe
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Mihra S Taljanovic
- Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - H-H Sherry Chow
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Wade Chew
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Sima Ehsani
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Sao Jiralerspong
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Jennifer Segar
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Pavani Chalasani
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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Martinez JA, Ehsan A, Mellady M, Goldberg L, Martinez RA. Hospital Days Reduced for Moderate and Severe COVID-19 Patients Through a Home Monitoring Program With Oxygen. Clin Nurs Res 2023; 32:601-607. [PMID: 36760006 PMCID: PMC9975290 DOI: 10.1177/10547738231155298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to strain the healthcare system, it has also expanded telemedicine. There is a subset of hospitalized moderate to severe COVID-19 patients requiring oxygen but no other intervention. This is a retrospective study of patients ≥18 years with moderate to severe COVID-19 that participated in a home monitoring program with supplemental oxygen (HMP-O2) (N = 25). For study outcomes, HMP-O2 participants were compared to patients meeting the same inclusion criteria but did not participate in the program (N = 60). On average, the HMP-O2 patients spent 5.8 days (±5.5 days) in the hospital compared to 8.12 days (±5.5 days) for non-program patients. This resulted in 19% cost-savings for HMP-O2 patients. Lessons learned from this program can be applied to future HMPs for either COVID-19 or other conditions that would benefit from telecare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Martinez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The
University of Arizona, Tucson, USA,University of Arizona Cancer Center,
Tucson, USA,Jessica A. Martinez, Department of
Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th Street, Tucson, AZ
85719, USA.
| | - Ariana Ehsan
- Tucson Medical Education Program and
TMC HealthCare, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - Ryan A. Martinez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The
University of Arizona, Tucson, USA,Tucson Medical Center, AZ, USA
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Lopez-Pentecost M, Garcia DO, Sun X, Thomson CA, Chow HHS, Martinez JA. Differences in Metabolomic Profiles by Birthplace in Mexican-Origin Hispanic Men Who Participated in a Weight Loss Lifestyle Intervention. Am J Mens Health 2023; 17:15579883231153018. [PMID: 36842961 PMCID: PMC9972066 DOI: 10.1177/15579883231153018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Birthplace, as a proxy for environmental exposures (e.g., diet), may influence metabolomic profiles and influence risk of cancer. This secondary analysis investigated metabolomic profile differences between foreign and U.S.-born Mexican-origin (MO) Hispanic men to shed light on potential mechanisms through which foreign- and U.S.-born individuals experience differences in cancer risk and risk factors. Plasma samples from MO Hispanic men (N = 42) who participated in a previous lifestyle intervention were collected pre-and post-intervention. Metabolomic profiles were characterized from samples using ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF). Models were visualized using supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Progenesis QI was used for peak integration and metabolite identification. Plasma metabolomic profiles differed between foreign- and U.S.-born pre-intervention (R2 = .65) and post-intervention (R2 = .62). Metabolomic profiles differed pre- versus post-intervention (R2 = .35 and R2 = .65) for the foreign- and U.S.-born group, respectively. Both endogenous metabolites and dietary components characterized differences between foreign- and U.S.-born participants pre- and post-intervention. Plasma metabolomic profiles from MO Hispanic men differed by birthplace. These results advance our understanding of relevant exposures that may affect cancer risk among MO Hispanic men born abroad or in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Lopez-Pentecost
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center,
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - David O. Garcia
- Department of Health Promotion
Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of
Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- The University of Arizona Cancer
Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and
Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of
Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Cynthia A. Thomson
- Department of Health Promotion
Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of
Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- The University of Arizona Cancer
Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Jessica A. Martinez
- The University of Arizona Cancer
Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences,
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ,
USA
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Arduino A, Baruffaldi F, Bottauscio O, Chiampi M, Martinez JA, Zanovello U, Zilberti L. Computational dosimetry in MRI in presence of hip, knee or shoulder implants: do we need accurate surgery models? Phys Med Biol 2022; 67. [PMID: 36541561 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aca5e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective.To quantify the effects of different levels of realism in the description of the anatomy around hip, knee or shoulder implants when simulating, numerically, radiofrequency and gradient-induced heating in magnetic resonance imaging. This quantification is needed to define how precise the digital human model modified with the implant should be to get realistic dosimetric assessments.Approach. The analysis is based on a large number of numerical simulations where four 'levels of realism' have been adopted in modelling human bodies carrying orthopaedic implants.Main results. Results show that the quantification of the heating due to switched gradient fields does not strictly require a detailed local anatomical description when preparing the digital human model carrying an implant. In this case, a simple overlapping of the implant CAD with the body anatomy is sufficient to provide a quite good and conservative estimation of the heating. On the contrary, the evaluation of the electromagnetic field distribution and heating caused by the radiofrequency field requires an accurate description of the tissues around the prosthesis.Significance. The results of this paper provide hints for selecting the 'level of realism' in the definition of the anatomical models with embedded passive implants when performing simulations that should reproduce, as closely as possible, thein vivoscenarios of patients carrying orthopaedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mario Chiampi
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Zilberti
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Torino, Italy
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Thompson PA, Martinez JA. The Importance of Drug Concentration at the Site of Action: Celecoxib and Colon Polyp Prevention as a Case Study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:205-208. [PMID: 35373257 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Celecoxib is among the more potent and better clinically studied, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) for use as a chemoprevention agent for colorectal cancer. Its use is associated with a 40% to 50% response rate for reduction in adenomatous polyps. However, rare serious cardiovascular effects and even death with celecoxib and other NSAIDs make it important to understand why some patients respond and others do not. Celecoxib is a selective inhibitor of COX-2. Its anticancer mechanism has largely been attributed to the inhibition of COX-2. Celecoxib also shows activity to induce apoptosis in cancer cells not expressing COX-2. This includes activity to upregulate 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) independent of COX-2 and increase the synthesis of 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE) from linoleic acid (LA) to downregulate PPAR-δ and induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer models. In examining the effect of celecoxib on 15-LOX-1 for reducing adenomatous polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), Yang and colleagues point out the potential importance of drug bioavailability in blood, normal, and neoplastic colorectal tissue in patient response. See related article, p. 217.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Thompson
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles California
| | - Jessica A Martinez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Martinez JA, Wertheim BC, Roe DJ, Chalasani P, Cohen J, Baer L, Chow HHS, Stopeck AT, Thompson PA. Sulindac Improves Stiffness and Quality of Life in Women Taking Aromatase Inhibitors for Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 192:113-122. [PMID: 35039952 PMCID: PMC8879419 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine benefit of sulindac for relief of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) in patients stable on aromatase inhibitors (AIs). METHODS Sulindac was evaluated at 150 mg twice daily for effects on MSS at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months in 50 postmenopausal women stable on AI therapy for a median of 12.5 months for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. A separate, non-randomized group of 50 similar patients was observed for change in MSS over 12 months. MSS severity was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index and Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (BPI-SF). The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General form (FACT-G) measured quality of life (QOL). Change in MSS and QOL across time was assessed in each group using linear mixed effects models. RESULTS Stiffness, not pain, was the main complaint at baseline. At 12 months, sulindac patients reported decreases (improvements) in mean (95% CI) Total WOMAC score [- 5.85 (- 9.73, - 1.96)] and WOMAC pain [- 5.40 (- 10.64, - 0 .18)], Stiffness [- 9.53 (- 14.98, - 4.08)] and Physical Function [- 5.61 (- 9.62, - 1.60)] subscales, but not BPI-SF worst pain. Among sulindac patients with higher baseline MSS severity, 35% experienced ≥ 50% improvement in Total WOMAC and Total FACT-G scores [6.18 (2.08, 10.27); P = 0.003]. For the observation group, MSS and QOL did not improve over 12 months, even among those with higher baseline MSS severity. CONCLUSIONS Sulindac may relieve MSS in AI patients, especially physical function and stiffness. Randomized controlled trials should further evaluate NSAIDs on AI-MSS and AI adherence. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER AND DATE OF REGISTRATION NCT01761877, December, 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Denise J Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Pavani Chalasani
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jules Cohen
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Lea Baer
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Alison T Stopeck
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Patricia A Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Advanced Health Science Pavilion, 127 S San Vicente Blvd, A-8110C, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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11
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Martinez JA, Cork TE, Chubb H, Vasanawala S, Ennis DB. Evaluation of Patient Positioning to Mitigate RF-induced Heating of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices for Pediatric MRI Exams. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2021; 2021:5027-5030. [PMID: 34892336 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are generally contraindicated for MRI exams. Previous work in the adult population suggests that RF-induced lead-tip heating strongly depends on the patient's position and orientation within the MRI scanner. The objective of this work was to evaluate the local Specific Absorption Rate (local-SAR) in silico for several pediatric patient positions within the MRI scanner as a method to potentially mitigate RF-heating lead-tip heating of CIEDs.
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12
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Tapia E, Villa-Guillen DE, Chalasani P, Centuori S, Roe DJ, Guillen-Rodriguez J, Huang C, Galons JP, Thomson CA, Altbach M, Trujillo J, Pinto L, Martinez JA, Algotar AM, Chow HHS. A randomized controlled trial of metformin in women with components of metabolic syndrome: intervention feasibility and effects on adiposity and breast density. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 190:69-78. [PMID: 34383179 PMCID: PMC8560579 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is a known risk factor for post-menopausal breast cancer and may increase risk for triple negative breast cancer in premenopausal women. Intervention strategies are clearly needed to reduce obesity-associated breast cancer risk. METHODS We conducted a Phase II double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of metformin in overweight/obese premenopausal women with components of metabolic syndrome to assess the potential of metformin for primary breast cancer prevention. Eligible participants were randomized to receive metformin (850 mg BID, n = 76) or placebo (n = 75) for 12 months. Outcomes included breast density, assessed by fat/water MRI with change in percent breast density as the primary endpoint, anthropometric measures, and intervention feasibility. RESULTS Seventy-six percent in the metformin arm and 83% in the placebo arm (p = 0.182) completed the 12-month intervention. Adherence to study agent was high with more than 80% of participants taking ≥ 80% assigned pills. The most common adverse events reported in the metformin arm were gastrointestinal in nature and subsided over time. Compared to placebo, metformin intervention led to a significant reduction in waist circumference (p < 0.001) and waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.019). Compared to placebo, metformin did not change percent breast density and dense breast volume but led to a numerical but not significant decrease in non-dense breast volume (p = 0.070). CONCLUSION We conclude that metformin intervention resulted in favorable changes in anthropometric measures of adiposity and a borderline decrease in non-dense breast volume in women with metabolic dysregulation. More research is needed to understand the impact of metformin on breast cancer risk reduction. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02028221. Registered January 7, 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02028221.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Tapia
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | | | - Pavani Chalasani
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sara Centuori
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Denise J Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jose Guillen-Rodriguez
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Chuan Huang
- Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Phillippe Galons
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Cynthia A Thomson
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Maria Altbach
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jesse Trujillo
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Liane Pinto
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Jessica A Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Amit M Algotar
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - H-H Sherry Chow
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, 1515 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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13
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Martinez JA, Miller RH, Martinez RA. Patient Questions Surrounding Mask Use for Prevention of COVID-19 and Physician Answers from an Evidence-Based Perspective: a Narrative Review. J Gen Intern Med 2021; 36:2739-2744. [PMID: 33145693 PMCID: PMC7609362 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-06324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent mandates to wear masks in public places across the USA combined with conflicting messaging from the media and government agencies have generated a lot of patient questions surrounding the appropriate use and efficacy of cloth masks. Here, we have organized the evidence in the context of real patient questions and have provided example answers from a physician's perspective. The purpose of this review is to offer healthcare providers with examples of how to respond to patient questions about masks in a way that encourages responsible decision-making. We conclude, based on the evidence showing a benefit for cloth masks and the recent reports supporting a role for aerosols in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, that cloth masks will be effective when used correctly. We further assert that stronger public messaging surrounding cloth masks in the community setting is needed, and should specify that 2-3 layer, fitted face masks be worn at all times in public as another layer of protection in addition to social distancing, not just when social distancing cannot be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Martinez
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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14
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Lopez-Pentecost M, Garcia DO, Sun X, Thomson CA, Chow HHS, Chew WM, Martinez JA. Abstract 2352: Place of birth influences the metabolomic profile and preliminary effectiveness of a weight loss intervention among Hispanic men from the ANIMO pilot study. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The effect of intrinsic and extrinsic factors (e.g. the environment and genetics) on the metabolome may have implications for disease risk, health disparities, and effectiveness of clinical interventions. Purpose: This study investigated whether plasma metabolomic profiles differ between U.S. born and foreign-born Hispanics participating in a weight loss intervention. Secondarily, we sought to examine if country of origin had an effect on the intervention effectiveness. Methods: Participants were overweight and obese Hispanic men (N=42) aged 18 to 64 years enrolled in a 24-week weight loss intervention. Metabolomic profiles were acquired from plasma using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS) at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks. Models were visualized using supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA); R2X cut points of 0.75, 0.50, and 0.25 were used to describe substantial, moderate, or weak levels of predictive accuracy, respectively. Score plots (S-plots) were utilized to select metabolites that influenced the OPLS-DA model. Progenesis QI was used for peak integration and metabolite identification in addition to the Human Metabolite Data Base (HMDB). The effect of place of birth on weight loss was examined using multiple linear regression. Results: Foreign-born participants were older (P = 0.0086), had less education (P < 0.001), were mostly Spanish-preferred speakers (P < 0.001), and had less acculturation (P < 0.001) compared to U.S. born participants. The metabolome between U.S. born vs foreign-born were moderately (R2X =0.65), weakly (R2X= 0.33), and substantially (R2X =0.79) different at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Endogenous metabolites such as alpha-keto and amino acids, phospholipids, fatty acids, as well as some dietary compounds were characteristic of the foreign-born participants, but not the U.S. born, at baseline. Post-intervention, metabolites from dietary sources (cereals, herbs and spices, mushrooms, chives, onions, and beer), and lipids (diacylglycerols, cholesteryl and glycerolipids) where characteristic of the foreign-born group, whereas saponins and metabolites from green vegetables, avocados, alcoholic beverages, coffee, and green tea were characteristic of the U.S. born group. Models comparing study arm or weight loss status were weak. At 24 weeks, U.S. born participants had more weight loss than foreign born (P = 0.023). Conclusion: Plasma metabolomic profiles from Hispanic men differ by country of origin. Analyses to determine whether the greater intervention benefit among U.S. born Hispanic males can be explained by their baseline metabolome are pending. Future studies should determine factors that influence differences in metabolomic profiles in order to tailor interventions.
Citation Format: Melissa Lopez-Pentecost, David O. Garcia, Xiaoxiao Sun, Cynthia A. Thomson, H-H. Sherry Chow, Wade M. Chew, Jessica A. Martinez. Place of birth influences the metabolomic profile and preliminary effectiveness of a weight loss intervention among Hispanic men from the ANIMO pilot study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2352.
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15
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Martinez JA, Taljanovic MS, Witte RS, Nuncio Zuniga AA, Wertheim BC, Kwoh CK, Goldstein BA, Roe DJ, Chalasani P. Shear wave elastography detects novel imaging biomarkers of aromatase inhibitor-induced joint pain: a pilot study. J Ultrason 2021; 21:1-6. [PMID: 33791110 PMCID: PMC8008134 DOI: 10.15557/jou.2021.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine whether differences in joint and tendon stiffness as measured by ultrasound shear wave elastography are present in breast cancer patients with aromatase inhibitor-associated arthralgias compared to age-comparable healthy control women. Methods Postmenopausal women with stage I–III breast cancer who were taking adjuvant aromatase inhibitors and complained of joint pain were enrolled (n = 6). Postmenopausal women with no history of breast cancer, hormone treatment, or joint pain served as controls (n = 7). All subjects had bilateral hands and wrists evaluated by gray-scale and power Doppler ultrasound, and shear wave elastography ultrasound. Results Patients with AI-associated arthralgias had significantly stiffer tendons than controls in the 1st extensor compartment (long axis; p = 0.001), 4th extensor compartment (long axis; p = 0.014), 3rd metacarpophalangeal joint (p = 0.002), the pooled values of the extensor compartments, both long (p = 0.044) and short axes (p = 0.035), and the pooled values for the metacarpophalangeal joints (p = 0.002). On ultrasound, the patients (but not controls) presented with hyperemia and increased tenosynovial fluid in the flexor and extensor tendon sheaths, and the median nerves were symptomatic and bifid; however, these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions This is the first study to identify increased tendon stiffness as a putative physiological characteristic of aromatase inhibitor–associated arthralgias. Future studies should determine whether increased tendon stiffness is a risk factor for the development of aromatase inhibitor–associated arthralgias, or a result of aromatase inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Martinez
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mihra S Taljanovic
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Russell S Witte
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - C Kent Kwoh
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,The University of Arizona Arthritis Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Brian A Goldstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Denise J Roe
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Pavani Chalasani
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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16
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Meeks L, De Oliveira Pessoa D, Martinez JA, Limesand KH, Padi M. Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics reveals convergent pathways driving radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:85-98. [PMID: 33522389 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00127.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy for head and neck cancer causes damage to the surrounding salivary glands, resulting in salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia. Current treatments do not provide lasting restoration of salivary gland function following radiation; therefore, a new mechanistic understanding of the radiation-induced damage response is necessary for identifying therapeutic targets. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the metabolic phenotype of radiation-induced damage in parotid salivary glands by integrating transcriptomic and metabolomic data. Integrated data were then analyzed to identify significant gene-metabolite interactions. Mice received a single 5 Gy dose of targeted head and neck radiation. Parotid tissue samples were collected 5 days following treatment for RNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis. Altered metabolites and transcripts significantly converged on a specific region in the metabolic reaction network. Both integrative pathway enrichment using rank-based statistics and network analysis highlighted significantly coordinated changes in glutathione metabolism, energy metabolism (TCA cycle and thermogenesis), peroxisomal lipid metabolism, and bile acid production with radiation. Integrated changes observed in energy metabolism suggest that radiation induces a mitochondrial dysfunction phenotype. These findings validated previous pathways involved in the radiation-damage response, such as altered energy metabolism, and identified robust signatures in salivary glands, such as reduced glutathione metabolism, that may be driving salivary gland dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Meeks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Jessica A Martinez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kirsten H Limesand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Megha Padi
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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17
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Fernandez-Baizan C, Prieto MA, Martinez JA, Arias JL, Mendez M. Evaluation of Visuospatial Short-term and Working Memory from the First to Second Year of Life: A Novel Task. Dev Neuropsychol 2021; 46:16-32. [PMID: 33393380 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2020.1869744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The prototypical tasks for assessing visuospatial memory in infancy are based on the search for a hidden object in two locations. Fewer studies include more locations, delayed responses nor changes in the object's position. Our aim was to assess the visuospatial short-term and working memory in 12, 15, 18 and 22-month-old children (N = 65). Assessment included our experimental task, a working memory task and a cognitive developmental scale. Short-term and working memory abilities increased markedly at 22 months compared to younger ages and the performance of the children in our experimental task is related to other tasks previously used.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fernandez-Baizan
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado De Asturias (INEUROPA) , Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo , Oviedo, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Prieto
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado De Asturias (INEUROPA) , Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Electronic Technology, University of Oviedo , Oviedo, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado De Asturias (INEUROPA) , Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Electronic Technology, University of Oviedo , Oviedo, Spain
| | - J L Arias
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado De Asturias (INEUROPA) , Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo , Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Mendez
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado De Asturias (INEUROPA) , Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo , Oviedo, Spain
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18
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Fernandez-Baizan C, Caunedo-Jimenez M, Martinez JA, Arias JL, Mendez M, Solis G. Development of visuospatial memory in preterm infants: A new paradigm to assess short-term and working memory. Child Neuropsychol 2020; 27:296-316. [PMID: 33191857 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2020.1847264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Preterm infants have a higher risk of showing visuospatial memory impairment, the function that allows to encode and remember visual and spatial information. It has been studied in late childhood in preterm children. Studies on visuospatial memory throughout the first 2 years of life are still scarce. Behavior, temperament, and overall cognition could be altered in preterm children affecting memory performance. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate short-term and visuospatial working memory performance in a preterm sample followed longitudinally at 12, 15, 18, and 22 months (N = 15), and compare their performance with that of full-term children (N = 65). The secondary aim was to analyze the course of mnesic development in preterm infants and relate their memory performance to other cognitive abilities and behavioral tendencies. Assessment included previously published tasks and an experimental paradigm. Results showed that preterm children scored lower than full-term children on visuospatial short-term and working memory at 12 and 22 months of age, although these results varied depending on the memory test used. Preterm children's memory results showed that these skills improve in this population between the first and second year of life. Finally, memory performance was directly associated with the level of cognitive development and the presence of proactive behaviors, while being inversely correlated with the presence of disruptive behaviors and a difficult temperamental style. These preliminary findings suggest that it is possible to detect visuospatial memory difficulties in the preterm population before the age of two.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fernandez-Baizan
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Caunedo-Jimenez
- Pediatric Clinic Area, Neonatology, University Central Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Electronic Technology, University of Oviedo, Gijón, Spain
| | - J L Arias
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Mendez
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - G Solis
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Pediatric Clinic Area, Neonatology, University Central Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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Martinez JA, Stopeck AT, Chow HHS, Wertheim BC, Chew W, Roe DJ, Chalasani P, Thompson PA. Oxylipins Correlate with Quality of Life in Women Taking Aromatase Inhibitors for Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if oxylipins – oxygenated bioactive lipid metabolites of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids with varying roles in inflammation and pain – correlate with aromatase inhibitor-associated arthralgia (AIA) and quality of life (QOL) in early stage breast cancer (ESBC) patients. Methods: ESBC patients on AI therapy were enrolled to an open-label study of sulindac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for 12 months (n = 47). Pre-intervention arthralgia and physical function were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) questionnaire, where higher scores indicate worse symptoms. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – General (FACT-G) questionnaire was used to assess QOL, where higher scores indicate better QOL. A total of 53 plasma oxylipins in plasma were quantified by mass spectrometry. Pearson's correlation was used to measure the association between pre-intervention oxylipin concentrations, arthralgias and QOL. Results: Prior to initiating sulindac, baseline levels of 17 oxylipins were found to be significantly correlated with QOL scales. This included inverse associations between QOL and seven pro-inflammatory products of ω-6 fatty acid metabolism. Notably, prostaglandin E2, the primary target of NSAIDs, was negatively correlated with Social Well-Being (rho = −0.30; P = 0.04). Conversely, resolvin D1, a potent anti-inflammatory lipid, was positively associated with Total FACT-G (rho = 0.31; P = 0.03) and Emotional Well-Being (rho = 0.37; P = 0.01). Two ω-3 metabolites with unknown mechanisms were correlated with both QOL and WOMAC; 19,20-DiHDPE was positively correlated with Total (rho = 0.34; P = 0.02) and Social FACT-G (rho = 0.32; P = 0.03), and inversely with Total WOMAC (rho = -0.303; P = 0.04) and Stiffness (rho = −0.32; P = 0.03); and 5(6)-DiHETE was inversely correlated with Social FACT-G (rho = −0.33; P = 0.02) and positively with Total WOMAC (rho = 0.31; P = 0.04). Conclusions: This is the first evidence that plasma oxylipin metabolites of ω-3/ω-6 fatty acids correlate with QOL and arthralgia symptoms in patients on AIs and suggests oxylipins as a potential novel target for improving QOL and adherence to AI therapy in patients with ESBC.
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Martinez JA, Moulin K, Yoo B, Shi Y, Kim HJ, Villablanca PJ, Ennis DB. Evaluation of a Workflow to Define Low Specific Absorption Rate MRI Protocols for Patients With Active Implantable Medical Devices. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 52:91-102. [PMID: 31922311 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MRI exams for patients with MR-conditional active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) are contraindicated unless specific conditions are met. This limits the maximum specific absorption rate (SAR, W/kg). Currently, there is no general framework to guide meeting a lower SAR limit. PURPOSE To design and evaluate a workflow for modifying MRI protocols to whole-body SAR (WB-SAR ≤0.1 W/kg) and local-head SAR (LH-SAR ≤0.3 W/kg) limits while mitigating the impact on image quality and exam time. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Twenty healthy volunteers on head (n = 5), C-spine (n = 5), T-spine (n = 5), and L-spine (n = 5) with IRB consent. ASSESSMENT Vendor-provided head, C-spine, T-spine, and L-spine protocols (SARRT ) were modified to meet both low SAR targets (SARLOW ) using the proposed workflow. in vitro SNR and CNR were evaluated with a T1 -T2 phantom. in vivo image quality and clinical acceptability were scored using a 5-point Likert scale for two blinded readers. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCES 1.5T/spin-echoes, gradient-echoes. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS In vitro SNR and CNR values were evaluated with a repeated measures general linear model. in vivo image quality and clinical acceptability were evaluated using a generalized estimating equation analysis (GEE). The two reader's level of agreement was analyzed using Cohen's kappa statistical analysis. RESULTS Using the workflow, SAR limits were met. LH-SAR 0.12 ± 0.02 W/kg, median (SD) values for LH-SAR were 0.12 (0.02) W/kg and WB-SAR: 0.09 (0.01) W/kg. Examination time did not increase ≤2x the initial time. SARRT SNR values were higher and significantly different than SARLOW (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the CNR values (value = 0.21). Median (IQR) CNR values were 14.2 (25.0) vs. 15.1 (9.2) for head, 12.1 (16.9) vs. 25.3 (14.2) for C-spine, 81.6 (70.1) vs. 71.0 (26.6) for T-spine, and 51.4 (52.6) vs. 37.7 (27.3) for L-spine. Image quality scores were not significantly different between SARRT and SARLOW (median [SD] scores were 4.0 [0.01] vs. 4.3 [0.2], P > 0.05). DATA CONCLUSION The proposed workflow provides guidance for modifying routine MRI exams to achieve low SAR limits. This can benefit patients referred for an MRI exam with low SAR MR-conditional AIMDs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy Stage: 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:91-102.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Martinez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kévin Moulin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Bryan Yoo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hyun J Kim
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pablo J Villablanca
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Daniel B Ennis
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Martinez JA, Serano P, Ennis DB. Patient Orientation Affects Lead-Tip Heating of Cardiac Active Implantable Medical Devices during MRI. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2019; 1:e190006. [PMID: 32076667 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.2019190006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate changes in patient orientation to mitigate radiofrequency-induced lead-tip heating (LTH) during MRI. Materials and Methods LTH was evaluated for device type, lead path, and distance to the isocenter of a 1.5-T MRI system. LTH for 378 conditions in both head-first (HF) and feet-first (FF) orientations was measured for nine MRI-unsafe cardiac active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) placed along three (two anatomic, one planar) left-sided lead paths at nine landmark locations. The devices were exposed to 5 minutes of continuous radiofrequency energy at 4 W/kg whole-body specific absorption rate. Results LTH was greater in HF than in FF orientation for the planar and one anatomic lead path (P < .05). LTH was significantly affected by lead path, distance to isocenter, and patient orientation (all P < .05), but not by cardiac AIMD device type. Maximum LTH was observed in an HF orientation for the planar lead path when the lead tip was at isocenter (right ventricular [RV] lead: 32.0 °C ± 16.3 [standard deviation], right atrial [RA] lead: 16.1°C ± 9.3). In the FF orientation, LTH was significantly reduced (RV lead: 1.6°C ± 1.4; mean RA lead: 0.5°C ± 1.0; P = .008). Conclusion LTH for supine FF patient orientations among patients with anterior left-sided cardiac AIMDs can be significantly lower than LTH for supine HF orientations. There was no scenario in which LTH was significantly worse in the FF position. Changing patient orientation is a simple method to reduce radiofrequency-induced LTH.© RSNA, 2019See also the commentary by Litt in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Martinez
- Form the Departments of Radiological Sciences and Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif (J.A.M.); ANSYS, Canonsburg, Pa (P.S.); and Department of Radiological Sciences, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA 94305 (J.A.M., D.B.E.)
| | - Peter Serano
- Form the Departments of Radiological Sciences and Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif (J.A.M.); ANSYS, Canonsburg, Pa (P.S.); and Department of Radiological Sciences, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA 94305 (J.A.M., D.B.E.)
| | - Daniel B Ennis
- Form the Departments of Radiological Sciences and Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif (J.A.M.); ANSYS, Canonsburg, Pa (P.S.); and Department of Radiological Sciences, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA 94305 (J.A.M., D.B.E.)
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Pearson T, Caporaso JG, Yellowhair M, Bokulich NA, Padi M, Roe DJ, Wertheim BC, Linhart M, Martinez JA, Bilagody C, Hornstra H, Alberts DS, Lance P, Thompson PA. Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on the gut microbiome and colorectal adenoma development. Cancer Med 2019; 8:617-628. [PMID: 30652422 PMCID: PMC6382922 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been previously reported that ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a therapeutic bile acid, reduced risk for advanced colorectal adenoma in men but not women. Interactions between the gut microbiome and fecal bile acid composition as a factor in colorectal cancer neoplasia have been postulated but evidence is limited to small cohorts and animal studies. Using banked stool samples collected as part of a phase III randomized clinical trial of UDCA for the prevention of colorectal adenomatous polyps, we compared change in the microbiome composition after a 3-year intervention in a subset of participants randomized to oral UDCA at 8-10 mg/kg of body weight per day (n = 198) or placebo (n = 203). Study participants randomized to UDCA experienced compositional changes in their microbiome that were statistically more similar to other individuals in the UDCA arm than to those in the placebo arm. This reflected a UDCA-associated shift in microbial community composition (P < 0.001), independent of sex, with no evidence of a UDCA effect on microbial richness (P > 0.05). These UDCA-associated shifts in microbial community distance metrics from baseline to end-of-study were not associated with risk of any or advanced adenoma (all P > 0.05) in men or women. Separate analyses of microbial networks revealed an overrepresentation of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the post-UDCA arm and an inverse relationship between F prausnitzii and Ruminococcus gnavus. In men who received UDCA, the overrepresentation of F prausnitzii and underrepresentation of R gnavus were more prominent in those with no adenoma recurrence at follow-up compared to men with recurrence. This relationship was not observed in women. Daily UDCA use modestly influences the relative abundance of microbial species in stool and affects the microbial network composition with suggestive evidence for sex-specific effects of UDCA on stool microbial community composition as a modifier of colorectal adenoma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talima Pearson
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
- Department of Biological SciencesNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - J. Gregory Caporaso
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
- Department of Biological SciencesNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - Monica Yellowhair
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | | | - Megha Padi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Denise J. Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Betsy C. Wertheim
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Mark Linhart
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - Jessica A. Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Cherae Bilagody
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - Heidie Hornstra
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - David S. Alberts
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Peter Lance
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Patricia A. Thompson
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Stony Brook School of MedicineStony BrookNew York
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Jacobs ET, Lance P, Mandarino LJ, Ellis NA, Chow HHS, Foote J, Martinez JA, Hsu CHP, Batai K, Saboda K, Thompson PA. Selenium supplementation and insulin resistance in a randomized, clinical trial. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2019; 7:e000613. [PMID: 30899530 PMCID: PMC6398811 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2018-000613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While controversial, observational and randomized clinical trial data implicate the micronutrient selenium (Se) in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that Se supplementation adversely affects pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a subset of 400 individuals participating in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of Se at 200 µg/day for colorectal adenomatous polyps, fasting plasma glucose and insulin were measured before randomization and within 6 months of completing intervention. Change in the homeostasis model assessment-β cell function (HOMA2-%β) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S) were compared between arms. A subgroup of 175 (79 Se and 96 placebo) participants underwent a modified oral glucose tolerance test (mOGTT) at the end of intervention and change in glucose values was assessed. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were observed for changes in HOMA2-%β or HOMA2-%S between those who received Se compared with placebo. After a mean of 2.9 years on study, mean HOMA2-%β values were 3.1±24.0 and 3.1±29.8 for the Se and placebo groups, respectively (p=0.99). For HOMA2-%S, the values were -0.5±223.2 and 80.9±1530.9 for the Se and placebo groups, respectively (p=1.00). Stratification by sex or age did not reveal any statistically significant effects on insulin sensitivity by treatment group. For mOGTT, mean baseline fasting blood glucose concentrations were significantly higher among participants in the placebo group compared with the Se group (96.6±14.6 and 92.3±12.0, respectively; p=0.04), a trend which remained through the 20 min assessment. CONCLUSIONS These findings do not support a significant adverse effect of daily Se supplementation with 200 µg/day of selenized yeast on β-cell function or insulin sensitivity as an explanation for previously reported associations between Se and T2D. Further clarification of longer term effects of Se is needed. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NIH Clinical Trials.gov number NCT00078897.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Theresa Jacobs
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Peter Lance
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Lawrence J Mandarino
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Center for Disparities in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | | | - Janet Foote
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jessica A Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Chiu-Hsieh Paul Hsu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ken Batai
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Patricia A Thompson
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York City, New York, USA
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Karl S, Fallon M, Palitsky R, Martinez JA, Gündel H, O'Connor MF. Low-Dose Aspirin for Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk in Bereavement: Results from a Feasibility Study. Psychother Psychosom 2018; 87:112-113. [PMID: 29462819 DOI: 10.1159/000481862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Karl
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Martinez JA, Yang J, Wertheim BC, Roe DJ, Schriewer A, Lance P, Alberts DS, Hammock BD, Thompson PA. Celecoxib use and circulating oxylipins in a colon polyp prevention trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196398. [PMID: 29698447 PMCID: PMC5919576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs that inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the metabolism of arachidonic acid (ARA) to prostaglandin E2 are potent anti-inflammatory agents used widely in the treatment of joint and muscle pain. Despite their benefits, daily use of these drugs has been associated with hypertension, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal toxicities. It is now recognized that ARA is metabolized to a number of bioactive oxygenated lipids (oxylipins) by cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Currently, the contribution of individual variability in ARA metabolism in response to the COX-2 inhibitors and potential adverse effects remains poorly understood. Using patient samples from the randomized, placebo-controlled phase III selenium/celecoxib (Sel/Cel) trial for the prevention of colorectal adenomatous polyps, we analyzed plasma concentrations of 74 oxylipins in a subset of participants who received celecoxib (n = 90) or placebo (n = 95). We assessed the effect of celecoxib (with and without low dose aspirin) on circulating oxylipins and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Individual CYP450- and LOX- but not COX-derived metabolites were higher with celecoxib than placebo (P<0.05) and differences were greater among non-aspirin users. LOX derived 5- and 8-HETE were elevated with celecoxib and positively associated with systolic blood pressure (P = 0.011 and P = 0.019 respectively). 20-HETE, a prohypertensive androgen-sensitive CYP450 metabolite was higher with celecoxib absent aspirin and was positively associated with SBP in men (P = 0.040) but not women. Independent of celecoxib or aspirin, LOX derived metabolites from ARA were strongly associated with SBP including 5- and 8-HETE. These findings support oxylipins, particularly the ARA LOX-derived, in blood pressure control and indicate that pharmacologic inhibition of COX-2 has effects on LOX and CYP450 ARA metabolism that contribute to hypertension in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Betsy C. Wertheim
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Denise J. Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America
| | - Alexander Schriewer
- Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Peter Lance
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - David S. Alberts
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Patricia A. Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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Samblas M, Milagro FI, Mansego ML, Marti A, Martinez JA. PTPRS and PER3 methylation levels are associated with childhood obesity: results from a genome-wide methylation analysis. Pediatr Obes 2018; 13:149-158. [PMID: 28614626 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has increased in the last years. Epigenetic dysregulation affecting gene expression could be a determinant in early-life obesity onset and accompanying complications. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present investigation was to analyse the putative association between DNA methylation and childhood obesity. METHODS DNA was isolated from white blood cells of 24 children obtained from the GENOI study and was hybridized in a 450K methylation array. Two CpG sites associated with obesity were validated in 91 children by MassArray® EpiTyper™ technology. RESULTS Genome-wide analysis identified 734 CpGs (783 genes) differentially methylated between cases (n = 12) and controls (n = 12). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed that these genes were involved in oxidative stress and circadian rhythm signalling pathways. Moreover, the DNA methylation levels of VIPR2, GRIN2D, ADCYAP1R1, PER3 and PTPRS regions correlated with the obesity trait. EpiTyper™ validation also identified significant correlations between methylation levels of CpG sites on PTPRS and PER3 with BMI z-score. CONCLUSIONS This study identified several CpG sites and specifically several CpGs in the PTPRS and PER3 genes differentially methylated between obese and non-obese children, suggesting a role for DNA methylation concerning development of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Samblas
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - F I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Mansego
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - A Marti
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
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Morrill KE, Aceves B, Valdez LA, Thomson CA, Hakim IA, Bell ML, Martinez JA, Garcia DO. Feasibility and acceptability of a beverage intervention for Hispanic adults: a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial. Nutr J 2018; 17:16. [PMID: 29426328 PMCID: PMC5807795 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the U.S., Hispanics have among the highest rates of overweight and obesity when compared to other racial/ethnic groups placing them at a greater risk for obesity-related disease. Identifying intervention strategies to reduce caloric intake and/or improve cardiometabolic health in Hispanics is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality among this large and growing population. Evidence exists to support diet-specific behavioral interventions, including beverage modifications, in reducing obesity-related health risks. However, the acceptability and feasibility of a beverage intervention in obese Hispanic adults has not been robustly evaluated. METHODS The objective of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a randomized, controlled beverage intervention in 50 obese Hispanic adults ages 18-64 over 8-weeks. Eligible participants were obese (30-50.0 kg/m2), between the ages 18-64, self-identified as Hispanic, and were able to speak, read, and write in either English and/or Spanish. Study recruitment was completed August 2017. Upon the completion of baseline assessments, participants will be randomized to either Mediterranean lemonade, Green Tea, or flavored water control. After completing a 2-week washout period, participants will be asked to consume 32 oz. per day of study beverage for 6-weeks while avoiding all other sources of tea, lemonade, citrus, juice, and other sweetened beverages; water is permissible. Primary outcomes will be recruitment, retention, and acceptability of the intervention strategies. Our study will also evaluate participant-reported tolerance and as an exploratory aim, assess safety/toxicity-related to renal and/or liver function. Fasting blood samples will be collected at baseline and 8-weeks to assess the primary efficacy outcomes: total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Secondary outcomes include fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). DISCUSSION This pilot study will provide important feasibility, safety, and early efficacy data necessary to design a larger, adequately-powered randomized controlled trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02911753 ( ClinicalTrials.gov ). Registered September 19, 2016. Last updated November 1, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin E Morrill
- College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Benjamin Aceves
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Luis A Valdez
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Cynthia A Thomson
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Iman A Hakim
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Melanie L Bell
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Department of Epidemilogy and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - David O Garcia
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Ramos-Lopez O, Riezu-Boj JI, Milagro FI, Goni L, Cuervo M, Martinez JA. Differential lipid metabolism outcomes associated with ADRB2 gene polymorphisms in response to two dietary interventions in overweight/obese subjects. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:165-172. [PMID: 29331538 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A precise nutrigenetic management of hypercholesterolemia involves the understanding of the interactions between the individual's genotype and dietary intake. The aim of this study was to analyze the response to two dietary energy-restricted interventions on cholesterol changes in carriers of two ADRB2 polymorphisms. METHODS AND RESULTS A 4-month nutritional intervention was conducted involving two different hypo-energetic diets based on low-fat (LF) and moderately high-protein (MHP) dietary patterns. A total of 107 unrelated overweight/obese individuals were genotyped for two ADRB2 non-synonymous polymorphisms: Arg16Gly (rs1042713) and Gln27Glu (rs1042714). Genotyping was performed by next-generation sequencing and haplotypes were phenotypically screened. Anthropometric measurements and the biochemical profile were assessed by conventional methods. Both diets induced cholesterol decreases at the end of both nutritional interventions. Interestingly, phenotypical differences were observed according to the Arg16Gly polymorphism. Within the MHP group, Gly16Gly homozygotes had lower reductions in total cholesterol (-6.5 mg/dL vs. -24.2 mg/dL, p = 0.009), LDL-c levels (-1.4 mg/dL vs. -16.5 mg/dL, p = 0.005), and non-HDL-c (-4.5 mg/dL vs. -21.5 mg/dL, p = 0.008) than Arg16 allele carriers. Conversely, within the LF group, Gly16Gly homozygotes underwent similar falls in total cholesterol (-18.5 mg/dL vs. -18.7 mg/dL, ns), LDL-c levels (-9.7 mg/dL vs. -13.1 mg/dL, ns), and non-HDL-c (-15.3 mg/dL vs. -15.7 mg/dL, ns) than Arg16 allele carriers. The Gln27Glu polymorphism and the Gly16/Glu27 haplotype showed similar, but not greater effects. CONCLUSIONS An energy-restricted LF diet could be more beneficial than a MHP diet to reduce serum cholesterol, LDL-c, and non-HDL-c among Gly16Gly genotype carriers. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: Identifier: NCT02737267.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ramos-Lopez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J I Riezu-Boj
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - F I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Goni
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Cuervo
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain; Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies (IMDEA Food), Madrid, Spain.
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Ramos-Lopez O, Arpón A, Riezu-Boj JI, Milagro FI, Mansego ML, Martinez JA. DNA methylation patterns at sweet taste transducing genes are associated with BMI and carbohydrate intake in an adult population. Appetite 2017; 120:230-239. [PMID: 28888730 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Individual differences in taste perception may influence appetite, dietary intakes, and subsequently, disease risk. Correlations of DNA methylation patterns at taste transducing genes with BMI and dietary intakes were studied. A nutriepigenomic analysis within the Methyl Epigenome Network Association (MENA) project was conducted in 474 adults. DNA methylation in peripheral white blood cells was analyzed by a microarray approach. KEGG pathway analyses were performed concerning the characterization and discrimination of genes involved in the taste transduction pathway. Adjusted FDR values (p < 0.0001) were used to select those CpGs that showed best correlation with BMI. A total of 29 CpGs at taste transducing genes met the FDR criteria. However, only 12 CpGs remained statistically significant after linear regression analyses adjusted for age and sex. These included cg15743657 (TAS1R2), cg02743674 (TRPM5), cg01790523 (SCN9A), cg15947487 (CALHM1), cg11658986 (ADCY6), cg04149773 (ADCY6), cg02841941 (P2RY1), cg02315111 (P2RX2), cg08273233 (HTR1E), cg14523238 (GABBR2), cg12315353 (GABBR1) and cg05579652 (CACNA1C). Interestingly, most of them were implicated in the sweet taste signaling pathway, except CACNA1C (sour taste). In addition, TAS1R2 methylation at cg15743657 was strongly correlated with total energy (p < 0.0001) and carbohydrate intakes (p < 0.0001). This study suggests that methylation in genes related to sweet taste could be an epigenetic mechanism associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ramos-Lopez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - A Arpón
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J I Riezu-Boj
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - F I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Mansego
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain; Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies (IMDEA Food), Madrid, Spain.
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García-Calzón S, Moleres A, Gómez-Martinez S, Diaz LE, Bueno G, Campoy C, Martinez JA, Marcos A, Azcona-Sanjulián MC, Zalba G, Marti A. Association of telomere length with IL-6 levels during an obesity treatment in adolescents: interaction with the-174G/C polymorphism in the IL-6gene. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:257-263. [PMID: 27071798 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shorter telomeres have been associated with elevated risk for age-related diseases. However, little is known about the biomarker role of telomere length (TL) for predicting inflammation and glucose alterations. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research is to evaluate the association between TL, inflammatory markers and glucose levels after a 2-month weight-loss programme in obese adolescents. METHODS Telomere length was measured using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 66 obese adolescents aged 12-17 years (51% men) from the EVASYON programme. The adolescents were genotyped for the polymorphism -174G/C (rs1800795) in the IL-6gene, and anthropometric and biochemical markers as well as inflammatory cytokines were analysed. RESULTS Multiple-adjusted models showed that longer telomeres at baseline were associated with a higher reduction in glucose (B = -4.08, 95% confidence interval: -6.66 to -1.50) and IL-6 (B = -1.03, 95% confidence interval: -2.01 to -0.05) serum levels after 2 months of the weight-loss treatment. The -174G/C polymorphism modulated the association between basal TL and changes in IL-6 (P interaction = 0.029). Thus, subjects with the GG + GC genotype and with longer telomeres showed a higher decrease in IL-6 levels than CC homozygotes. CONCLUSION Longer telomeres are associated with an improvement in glucose tolerance and inflammation after a weight-loss programme in obese adolescents. Moreover, the -174G/C polymorphism may influence the relationship between TL and IL-6 changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S García-Calzón
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - S Gómez-Martinez
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology, and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - L E Diaz
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology, and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Bueno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C Campoy
- Pediatric Department, Medicine School, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Marcos
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology, and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Azcona-Sanjulián
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of Navarra Hospital, Pamplona, Spain
| | - G Zalba
- IdiSNA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - A Marti
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Pearson T, Caporaso JG, Yellowhair M, Martinez JA, Wertheim B, Roe D, Thompson-Canino P, Lance P. Abstract A18: Gut microbiota changes in response to treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.crc16-a18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Compelling evidence suggests that gut flora influences colorectal cancer risk through direct effects on colonic bile acid composition. Bile acids are widely implicated in the etiology of colorectal cancer with the strongest evidence involving a detrimental role for the secondary BA, deoxycholic acid (DCA) and a protective effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). In a study of patients with prior colorectal adenomas who were randomized to UDCA (n=188 males, 64 females), a bile acid based intervention aimed at modulating bile acid composition, or placebo (n=162 males, 89 females), we determined effects of the intervention on the gut microbiome through 16S rRNA sequencing and bile acid composition at baseline using mass spectrometry.
We observe a consistent shift in microbial composition for males (t=5.83, p=3.6e-8) and females (t=3.14, p=0.003) treated with UDCA. No effect was observed in the placebo group for either males (t=-0.08, p=0.93) or females (t=-0.09, p=0.92). There were significant correlations between the gut microbiome and BA composition (r=0.31, p<0.001).
This suggests that UDCA treatment had an effect on the gut microbial communities relative to the placebo group. Interestingly, the magnitude of the change in the microbiome over time is similar in the two groups, but UDCA treatment seems to drive specific microbiome changes. These results are consistent with our previously reported observation that UDCA appears to have a greater effect in men for the prevention of colorectal adenomatous polyps, while increasing risk for women.
Citation Format: Talima Pearson, J Gregory Caporaso, Monica Yellowhair, Jessica A. Martinez, Betsy Wertheim, Denise Roe, Patricia Thompson-Canino, Peter Lance. Gut microbiota changes in response to treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Colorectal Cancer: From Initiation to Outcomes; 2016 Sep 17-20; Tampa, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A18.
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Mansego ML, Garcia-Lacarte M, Milagro FI, Marti A, Martinez JA. DNA methylation of miRNA coding sequences putatively associated with childhood obesity. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:19-27. [PMID: 26780939 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic mechanisms may be involved in obesity onset and its consequences. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether DNA methylation status in microRNA (miRNA) coding regions is associated with childhood obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS DNA isolated from white blood cells of 24 children (identification sample: 12 obese and 12 non-obese) from the Grupo Navarro de Obesidad Infantil study was hybridized in a 450 K methylation microarray. Several CpGs whose DNA methylation levels were statistically different between obese and non-obese were validated by MassArray® in 95 children (validation sample) from the same study. RESULTS Microarray analysis identified 16 differentially methylated CpGs between both groups (6 hypermethylated and 10 hypomethylated). DNA methylation levels in miR-1203, miR-412 and miR-216A coding regions significantly correlated with body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) and explained up to 40% of the variation of BMI-SDS. The network analysis identified 19 well-defined obesity-relevant biological pathways from the KEGG database. MassArray® validation identified three regions located in or near miR-1203, miR-412 and miR-216A coding regions differentially methylated between obese and non-obese children. CONCLUSIONS The current work identified three CpG sites located in coding regions of three miRNAs (miR-1203, miR-412 and miR-216A) that were differentially methylated between obese and non-obese children, suggesting a role of miRNA epigenetic regulation in childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Mansego
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutrition Research Center, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Garcia-Lacarte
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutrition Research Center, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - F I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutrition Research Center, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Marti
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutrition Research Center, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
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Guthrie AR, Chow HS, Martinez JA. Effects of resveratrol on drug- and carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes, implications for cancer prevention. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2017; 5:e00294. [PMID: 28596842 PMCID: PMC5461649 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenol found in grape skins and peanuts that has demonstrated many health benefits including protection against aging, cardiovascular and metabolic disease, neurological decline, and cancer. The anticancer properties of resveratrol have been attributed to a variety of mechanisms, including its general inhibition of phase I metabolism and induction of phase II metabolism. The effects of resveratrol on these enzymes, however, are still unclear, as in vitro evidence often contrasts with animal studies and clinical trials. Reasons for these variances could include the low bioavailability of resveratrol and the effects of resveratrol metabolites. Due to resveratrol's interactions with drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, individuals concurrently taking pharmacological doses of resveratrol with other supplements or medications could potentially experience nutrient-drug interactions. This review summarizes the known effects of resveratrol and its main metabolites on drug metabolism in order to help characterize which populations might benefit from resveratrol for the prevention of cancer, as well as those that may need to avoid supplementation due to potential drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane R. Guthrie
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | | | - Jessica A. Martinez
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterTucsonArizona
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Martinez JA, Wertheim BC, Thomson CA, Bea JW, Wallace R, Allison M, Snetselaar L, Chen Z, Nassir R, Thompson PA. Physical Activity Modifies the Association between Dietary Protein and Lean Mass of Postmenopausal Women. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016; 117:192-203.e1. [PMID: 27914915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintenance of lean muscle mass and related strength is associated with lower risk for numerous chronic diseases of aging in women. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to evaluate whether the association between dietary protein and lean mass differs by physical activity level, amino acid composition, and body mass index categories. DESIGN We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants were postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative with body composition measurements by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (n=8,298). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Our study measured percent lean mass, percent fat mass, and lean body mass index. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Linear regression models adjusted for scanner serial number, age, calibrated energy intake, race/ethnicity, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and recreational physical activity were used to determine the relationship between protein intake and body composition measures. Likelihood ratio tests and stratified analysis were used to investigate physical activity and body mass index as potential effect modifiers. RESULTS Biomarker-calibrated protein intake was positively associated with percent lean mass; women in the highest protein quintile had 6.3 percentage points higher lean mass than the lowest quintile (P<0.001). This difference rose to 8.5 percentage points for physically active women in the highest protein quintile (Pinteraction=0.023). Percent fat mass and lean body mass index were both inversely related to protein intake (both P<0.001). Physical activity further reduced percent fat mass (Pinteraction=0.022) and lean body mass index (Pinteraction=0.011). Leucine intake was associated with lean mass, as were branched chain amino acids combined (both P<0.001), but not independent of total protein. All associations were observed for normal-weight, overweight, and obese women. CONCLUSIONS Protein consumption up to 2.02 g/kg body weight daily is positively associated with lean mass in postmenopausal women. Importantly, those that also engage in physical activity have the highest lean mass across body mass index categories.
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Navarro SL, Neuhouser ML, Cheng TYD, Tinker LF, Shikany JM, Snetselaar L, Martinez JA, Kato I, Beresford SAA, Chapkin RS, Lampe JW. The Interaction between Dietary Fiber and Fat and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Women's Health Initiative. Nutrients 2016; 8:E779. [PMID: 27916893 PMCID: PMC5188434 DOI: 10.3390/nu8120779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined intakes of specific dietary fiber and fat subtypes protect against colon cancer in animal models. We evaluated associations between self-reported individual and combinations of fiber (insoluble, soluble, and pectins, specifically) and fat (omega-6, omega-3, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), specifically) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in the Women's Health Initiative prospective cohort (n = 134,017). During a mean 11.7 years (1993-2010), 1952 incident CRC cases were identified. Cox regression models computed multivariate adjusted hazard ratios to estimate the association between dietary factors and CRC risk. Assessing fiber and fat individually, there was a modest trend for lower CRC risk with increasing intakes of total and insoluble fiber (p-trend 0.09 and 0.08). An interaction (p = 0.01) was observed between soluble fiber and DHA + EPA, with protective effects of DHA + EPA with lower intakes of soluble fiber and an attenuation at higher intakes, however this association was no longer significant after correction for multiple testing. These results suggest a modest protective effect of higher fiber intake on CRC risk, but not in combination with dietary fat subtypes. Given the robust results in preclinical models and mixed results in observational studies, controlled dietary interventions with standardized intakes are needed to better understand the interaction of specific fat and fiber subtypes on colon biology and ultimately CRC susceptibility in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandi L Navarro
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
| | - Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Linda Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Jessica A Martinez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Ikuko Kato
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Shirley A A Beresford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
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Martinez JA, Chalasani P, Thomson CA, Roe D, Altbach M, Galons JP, Stopeck A, Thompson PA, Villa-Guillen DE, Chow HHS. Phase II study of metformin for reduction of obesity-associated breast cancer risk: a randomized controlled trial protocol. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:500. [PMID: 27430256 PMCID: PMC4950218 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Two-thirds of U.S. adult women are overweight or obese. High body mass index (BMI) and adult weight gain are risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, including postmenopausal breast cancer. The higher postmenopausal breast cancer risk in women with elevated BMI is likely to be attributable to related metabolic disturbances including altered circulating sex steroid hormones and adipokines, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, and insulin resistance. Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic drug that has demonstrated favorable effects on metabolic disturbances and as such may lead to lower breast cancer risk in obese women. Further, the anti-proliferative effects of metformin suggest it may decrease breast density, an accepted biomarker of breast cancer risk. Methods/design This is a Phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of metformin in overweight/obese premenopausal women who have elements of metabolic syndrome. Eligible participants will be randomized to receive metformin 850 mg BID (n = 75) or placebo (n = 75) for 12 months. The primary endpoint is change in breast density, based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquired fat-water features. Secondary outcomes include changes in serum insulin levels, serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 to insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 ratio, serum IGF-2 levels, serum testosterone levels, serum leptin to adiponectin ratio, body weight, and waist circumference. Exploratory outcomes include changes in metabolomic profiles in plasma and nipple aspirate fluid. Changes in tissue architecture as well as cellular and molecular targets in breast tissue collected in a subgroup of participants will also be explored. Discussion The study will evaluate whether metformin can result in favorable changes in breast density, select proteins and hormones, products of body metabolism, and body weight and composition. The study should help determine the potential breast cancer preventive activity of metformin in a growing population at risk for multiple diseases. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02028221. Registered on January 2, 2014. Grant #: 1R01CA172444-01A1 awarded on Sept 11, 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Martinez
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave; Rm 2964B, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA. .,Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Pavani Chalasani
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave; Rm 2964B, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Cynthia A Thomson
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave; Rm 2964B, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Denise Roe
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave; Rm 2964B, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Maria Altbach
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave; Rm 2964B, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Galons
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave; Rm 2964B, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alison Stopeck
- Department of Medical Hematology/ Oncology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | | | - H-H Sherry Chow
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave; Rm 2964B, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
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Banerjee B, Shaheen NJ, Martinez JA, Hsu CH, Trowers E, Gibson BA, Della'Zanna G, Richmond E, Chow HHS. Clinical Study of Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Barrett's Esophagus Patients. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:528-33. [PMID: 26908564 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Prior research strongly implicates gastric acid and bile acids, two major components of the gastroesophageal refluxate, in the development of Barrett's esophagus and its pathogenesis. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a hydrophilic bile acid, has been shown to protect esophageal cells against oxidative stress induced by cytotoxic bile acids. We conducted a pilot clinical study to evaluate the clinical activity of UDCA in patients with Barrett's esophagus. Twenty-nine patients with Barrett's esophagus received UDCA treatment at a daily dose of 13 to 15 mg/kg/day for 6 months. The clinical activity of UDCA was assessed by evaluating changes in gastric bile acid composition and markers of oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine), cell proliferation (Ki67), and apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3) in Barrett's esophagus epithelium. The bile acid concentrations in gastric fluid were measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. At baseline, UDCA (sum of unchanged and glycine/taurine conjugates) accounted for 18.2% of total gastric bile acids. After UDCA intervention, UDCA increased significantly to account for 93.4% of total gastric bile acids (P < 0.0001). The expression of markers of oxidative DNA damage, cell proliferation, and apoptosis was assessed in the Barrett's esophagus biopsies by IHC. The selected tissue biomarkers were unchanged after 6 months of UDCA intervention. We conclude that high-dose UDCA supplementation for 6 months resulted in favorable changes in gastric bile acid composition but did not modulate selected markers of oxidative DNA damage, cell proliferation, and apoptosis in the Barrett's esophagus epithelium. Cancer Prev Res; 9(7); 528-33. ©2016 AACRSee related article by Brian J. Reid, p. 512.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas J Shaheen
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jessica A Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Eugene Trowers
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Blake A Gibson
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Gary Della'Zanna
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Ellen Richmond
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
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De la Calle C, Morata L, Cobos-Trigueros N, Martinez JA, Cardozo C, Mensa J, Soriano A. Staphylococcus aureus bacteremic pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:497-502. [PMID: 26780692 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2566-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremic pneumonia is an uncommon cause of hospitalization, with a high mortality rate. However, published reports are scarce and have included a small number of cases. All patients with S. aureus bacteremic pneumonia were prospectively collected in our institution from 2000 to 2014, and a retrospective revision was performed to identify risk factors associated with methicillin resistance and to update the mortality of this entity. A total of 98 patients were admitted: 57.1 % were due to methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and 42.8 % due to methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). In 40 patients (40.8 %), the infection was community acquired. Thirteen were ventilator-associated pneumonia episodes. The most frequent comorbidities were chronic lung disease (34.7 %), chronic renal failure (31.6 %), diabetes mellitus (29.6 %), and cardiovascular disease (31.6 %). Septic shock was present in 46 patients (46.9 %). The 30-day mortality was 46.9 %. MRSA infections occurred in older patients, more frequently with cardiovascular diseases, and they had received antibiotic treatment in the previous month more often than MSSA-infected patients. Patients with infection due to MSSA presented more frequently with septic shock, but they received more frequently appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy than patients with MRSA pneumonia (96 % vs. 38.1 %), and no differences in mortality were observed between both groups. In conclusion, S. aureus bacteremic pneumonia is a severe infection that, nowadays, affects people with comorbidities and the mortality is still high.
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Affiliation(s)
- C De la Calle
- Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - L Morata
- Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - J A Martinez
- Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Cardozo
- Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Mensa
- Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Soriano
- Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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Singh B, Krishnan A, Micu I, Koshy K, Singh V, Martinez JA, Koshy D, Xu F, Chandrasekhar A, Dalton C, Syed N, Stys PK, Zochodne DW. Peripheral neuron plasticity is enhanced by brief electrical stimulation and overrides attenuated regrowth in experimental diabetes. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 83:134-51. [PMID: 26297317 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve regrowth is less robust than commonly assumed, particularly when it accompanies common clinical scenarios such as diabetes mellitus. Brief extracellular electrical stimulation (ES) facilitates the regeneration of peripheral nerves in part through early activation of the conditioning injury response and BDNF. Here, we explored intrinsic neuronal responses to ES to identify whether ES might impact experimental diabetes, where regeneration is attenuated. ES altered several regeneration related molecules including rises in tubulin, Shh (Sonic hedgehog) and GAP43 mRNAs. ES was associated with rises in neuronal intracellular calcium but its strict linkage to regrowth was not confirmed. In contrast, we identified PI3K-PTEN involvement, an association previously linked to diabetic regenerative impairment. Following ES there were declines in PTEN protein and mRNA both in vitro and in vivo and a PI3K inhibitor blocked its action. In vitro, isolated diabetic neurons were capable of mounting robust responsiveness to ES. In vivo, ES improved electrophysiological and behavioral indices of nerve regrowth in a chronic diabetic model of mice with pre-existing neuropathy. Regrowth of myelinated axons and reinnervation of the epidermis were greater following ES than sham stimulation. Taken together, these findings identify a role for ES in supporting regeneration during the challenges of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Singh
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - A Krishnan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Neurosciences and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - I Micu
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - K Koshy
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - V Singh
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - J A Martinez
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - D Koshy
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - F Xu
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - A Chandrasekhar
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Neurosciences and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - C Dalton
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - N Syed
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - P K Stys
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - D W Zochodne
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Neurosciences and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Livingstone KM, Celis-Morales C, Lara J, Ashor AW, Lovegrove JA, Martinez JA, Saris WH, Gibney M, Manios Y, Traczyk I, Drevon CA, Daniel H, Gibney ER, Brennan L, Bouwman J, Grimaldi KA, Mathers JC. Associations between FTO genotype and total energy and macronutrient intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2015; 16:666-78. [PMID: 26016642 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Risk variants of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene have been associated with increased obesity. However, the evidence for associations between FTO genotype and macronutrient intake has not been reviewed systematically. Our aim was to evaluate the potential associations between FTO genotype and intakes of total energy, fat, carbohydrate and protein. We undertook a systematic literature search in OVID MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE and Cochrane of associations between macronutrient intake and FTO genotype in adults. Beta coefficients and confidence intervals (CIs) were used for per allele comparisons. Random-effect models assessed the pooled effect sizes. We identified 56 eligible studies reporting on 213,173 adults. For each copy of the FTO risk allele, individuals reported 6.46 kcal day(-1) (95% CI: 10.76, 2.16) lower total energy intake (P = 0.003). Total fat (P = 0.028) and protein (P = 0.006), but not carbohydrate intakes, were higher in those carrying the FTO risk allele. After adjustment for body weight, total energy intakes remained significantly lower in individuals with the FTO risk genotype (P = 0.028). The FTO risk allele is associated with a lower reported total energy intake and with altered patterns of macronutrient intake. Although significant, these differences are small and further research is needed to determine whether the associations are independent of dietary misreporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Livingstone
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - C Celis-Morales
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Lara
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - A W Ashor
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - J A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain
| | - W H Saris
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Gibney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - I Traczyk
- ZIEL Research Center of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - C A Drevon
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - H Daniel
- National Food and Nutrition Institute (IZZ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - E R Gibney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - L Brennan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - J Bouwman
- Microbiology and Systems Biology Group, TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | | | - J C Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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Etxeberria U, Arias N, Boqué N, Macarulla MT, Portillo MP, Milagro FI, Martinez JA. Shifts in microbiota species and fermentation products in a dietary model enriched in fat and sucrose. Benef Microbes 2015; 6:97-111. [PMID: 25213025 DOI: 10.3920/bm2013.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract harbours a 'superorganism' called the gut microbiota, which is known to play a crucial role in the onset and development of diverse diseases. This internal ecosystem, far from being a static environment, can be manipulated by diet and dietary components. Feeding animals with high-fat sucrose (HFS) diets entails diet-induced obesity, a model which is usually used in research to mimic the obese phenotype of Western societies. The aim of the present study was to identify gut microbiota dysbiosis and associated metabolic changes produced in male Wistar rats fed a HFS diet for 6 weeks and compare it with the basal microbial composition. For this purpose, DNA extracted from faeces at baseline and after treatment was analysed by amplification of the V4-V6 region of the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene using 454 pyrosequencing. Short-chain fatty acids, i.e. acetate, propionate and butyrate, were also evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. At the end of the treatment, gut microbiota composition significantly differed at phylum level (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria) and class level (Erisypelotrichi, Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia and Bacilli). Interestingly, the class Clostridia showed a significant decrease after HFS diet treatment, which correlated with visceral adipose tissue, and is likely mediated by dietary carbohydrates. Of particular interest, Clostridium cluster XIVa species were significantly reduced and changes were identified in the relative abundance of other specific bacterial species (Mitsuokella jalaludinii, Eubacterium ventriosum, Clostridium sp. FCB90-3, Prevotella nanceiensis, Clostridium fusiformis, Clostridium sp. BNL1100 and Eubacterium cylindroides) that, in some cases, showed opposite trends to their relative families. These results highlight the relevance of characterising gut microbial population differences at species level and contribute to understand the plausible link between diet and specific gut bacterial species that are able to influence the inflammatory status, intestinal barrier function and obesity development.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Etxeberria
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea St. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - N Arias
- Nutrition and Obesity group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - N Boqué
- Nutrition and Health Research Group. Technological Center of Nutrition and Health (CTNS), TECNIO, CEIC S. Avinguda Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - M T Macarulla
- Nutrition and Obesity group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - M P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - F I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea St. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea St. E-31008 Pamplona, Spain CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Xu EZ, Li Z, Martinez JA, Sinitsyn N, Htoon H, Li N, Swartzentruber B, Hollingsworth JA, Wang J, Zhang SX. Diameter dependent thermoelectric properties of individual SnTe nanowires. Nanoscale 2015; 7:2869-2876. [PMID: 25623253 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr05870d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The lead-free compound tin telluride (SnTe) has recently been suggested to be a promising thermoelectric material. In this work, we report on the first thermoelectric study of individual single-crystalline SnTe nanowires with different diameters ranging from ∼218 to ∼913 nm. Measurements of thermopower S, electrical conductivity σ and thermal conductivity κ were carried out on the same nanowires over a temperature range of 25-300 K. While the electrical conductivity does not show a strong diameter dependence, the thermopower increases by a factor of two when the nanowire diameter is decreased from ∼913 nm to ∼218 nm. The thermal conductivity of the measured NWs is lower than that of the bulk SnTe, which may arise from the enhanced phonon - surface boundary scattering and phonon-defect scattering. Temperature dependent figure of merit ZT was determined for individual nanowires and the achieved maximum value at room temperature is about three times higher than that in bulk samples of comparable carrier density.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Z Xu
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
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Cordero P, Gonzalez-Muniesa P, Milagro FI, Campion J, Martinez JA. Perinatal maternal feeding with an energy dense diet and/or micronutrient mixture drives offspring fat distribution depending on the sex and growth stage. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2014; 99:834-40. [PMID: 25521806 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition during pregnancy and lactation influences offspring development and health. Novel studies have described the effects on next generation obesity-related features depending on maternal macro- and micro-nutrient perinatal feeding. We hypothesized that the maternal obesogenic diet during pregnancy and lactation programs an obese phenotype, while maternal micronutrient supplementation at these stages could partially prevent these features. Thus, the aim was to assess the influence of a perinatal maternal feeding with an obesogenic diet enriched in fat and sucrose and a micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on offspring growth and obese phenotypical features during life course. Female Wistar rats were assigned to four dietary groups during pregnancy and lactation: control, control supplemented with micronutrients (choline, betaine, folic acid and vitamin B12 ), high-fat sucrose (HFS) and HFS supplemented. At weaning, the offspring were transferred to a chow diet, and weight and fat mass were measured at weeks 3, 12 and 20. At birth, both male and female offspring from mothers fed the obesogenic diet showed lower body weight (-5 and -6%, respectively), while only female offspring weight decreased by maternal micronutrient supplementation (-5%). During lactation, maternal HFS diet was associated with increased body weight, while micronutrient supplementation protected against body weight gain. Whole body fat mass content increased at weeks 3, 12 and 20 (from 16 to 65%) due to maternal HFS diet. Maternal micronutrient supplementation decreased offspring fat mass content at week 3 (-8%). Male offspring showed higher adiposity than females at weeks 12 and 20. In conclusion, maternal HFS feeding during pregnancy and lactation was associated with a low offspring weight at birth and obese phenotypical features during adult life in a sex- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, maternal methyl donor supplementation protected against body weight gain in male offspring during lactation and in female offspring also during juvenile period.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cordero
- Centre for Nutrition Research/Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - P Gonzalez-Muniesa
- Centre for Nutrition Research/Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - F I Milagro
- Centre for Nutrition Research/Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Campion
- Centre for Nutrition Research/Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Centre for Nutrition Research/Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Zulet MA, Navas-Carretero S, Lara y Sánchez D, Abete I, Flanagan J, Issaly N, Fança-Berthon P, Bily A, Roller M, Martinez JA. A Fraxinus excelsior L. seeds/fruits extract benefits glucose homeostasis and adiposity related markers in elderly overweight/obese subjects: a longitudinal, randomized, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled nutritional intervention study. Phytomedicine 2014; 21:1162-1169. [PMID: 24877717 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the potential benefits of an extract obtained from seeds/fruits of an Oleaceae (Fraxinus excelsior L.) on glucose homeostasis and associated metabolic markers in non-diabetic overweight/obese subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed in 22 participants (50-80 years-old; BMI 31.0 kg/m(2)). The design was a longitudinal, randomized, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled 7-week nutritional intervention. The participants received daily 3 capsules each containing either 333 mg of an extract from Fraxinus excelsior L. seeds (Glucevia(®)) or placebo capsules (control) in a random order for 3 weeks with 1 week of washout between treatments. Moreover, they followed a balanced covert energy-restricted diet (-15% energy). All variables were measured at the beginning and at the end of each period. RESULTS Compared to baseline, the administration of 1 g of Glucevia(®) for 3 weeks resulted in significantly lower incremental glucose area under the curve (-28.2%; p<0.01), and significantly lower 2 h blood glucose values (-14%; p<0.01) following an oral glucose tolerance test. No significant changes were found in the control group (-7.9% AUC, -1.6% 2h blood glucose). Furthermore, significant differences were found between responses in the control and Glucevia(®) groups with respect to serum fructosamine and plasma glucagon levels (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). Interestingly, administration of Glucevia(®) significantly increased the adiponectin:leptin ratio (p<0.05) and decreased fat mass (p<0.01) compared to control (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The administration of an extract from Fraxinus excelsior L. seeds/fruits in combination with a moderate hypocaloric diet may be beneficial in metabolic disturbances linked to impaired glucose tolerance, obesity, insulin resistance and inflammatory status, specifically in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Zulet
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn. Carlos III Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Navas-Carretero
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn. Carlos III Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Lara y Sánchez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - I Abete
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J Flanagan
- Naturex SA, Site d'Agroparc BP 1218, 84911 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - N Issaly
- Naturex Spain SL, Autovia A3, Salida 343, Camino de Torrent s/n, 46930 Quart de Poblet, Valencia, Spain
| | - P Fança-Berthon
- Naturex SA, Site d'Agroparc BP 1218, 84911 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - A Bily
- Naturex SA, Site d'Agroparc BP 1218, 84911 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - M Roller
- Naturex SA, Site d'Agroparc BP 1218, 84911 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn. Carlos III Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.
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Cheng YT, Liang T, Martinez JA, Phillpot SR, Sinnott SB. A charge optimized many-body potential for titanium nitride (TiN). J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:265004. [PMID: 24903100 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/26/265004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a new empirical, variable charge potential for TiN systems in the charge-optimized many-body potential framework. The potential parameters were determined by fitting them to experimental data for the enthalpy of formation, lattice parameters, and elastic constants of rocksalt structured TiN. The potential does a good job of describing the fundamental physical properties (defect formation and surface energies) of TiN relative to the predictions of first-principles calculations. This potential is used in classical molecular dynamics simulations to examine the interface of fcc-Ti(0 0 1)/TiN(0 0 1) and to characterize the adsorption of oxygen atoms and molecules on the TiN(0 0 1) surface. The results indicate that the potential is well suited to model TiN thin films and to explore the chemistry associated with their oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-T Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Ibero-Baraibar I, Abete I, Navas-Carretero S, Massis-Zaid A, Martinez JA, Zulet MA. Oxidised LDL levels decreases after the consumption of ready-to-eat meals supplemented with cocoa extract within a hypocaloric diet. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:416-422. [PMID: 24462367 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cocoa flavanols are recognised by their favourable antioxidant and vascular effects. This study investigates the influence on health of the daily consumption of ready-to-eat meals supplemented with cocoa extract within a hypocaloric diet, on middle-aged overweight/obese subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty healthy male and female middle-aged volunteers [57.26 ± 5.24 years and body mass index (BMI) 30.59 ± 2.33 kg/m(2)] were recruited to participate in a 4 week randomised, parallel and double-blind study. After following 3 days on a low-polyphenol diet, 25 volunteers received meals supplemented with 1.4 g of cocoa extract (645.3 mg of polyphenols) and the other 25 participants received control meals, within a 15% energy restriction diet. On the 4th week of intervention individuals in both dietary groups improved (p < 0.05) anthropometric, body composition, blood pressure and blood biochemical measurements. Oxidised LDL cholesterol (oxLDL), showed a higher reduction (p = 0.030) in the cocoa group. Moreover, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels decreased only in the cocoa supplemented group (p = 0.007). Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1) decreased significantly in both groups, while Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) did not present differences after the 4 weeks of intervention. Interestingly, cocoa intake showed a different effect by gender, presenting more beneficial effects in men. CONCLUSIONS The consumption of cocoa extract as part of ready-to-eat meals and within a hypocaloric diet improved oxidative status (oxLDL) in middle-aged subjects, being most remarkable in males. REGISTRATION NUMBER Registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01596309).
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ibero-Baraibar
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - I Abete
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - S Navas-Carretero
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn. Carlos III Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Massis-Zaid
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn. Carlos III Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M A Zulet
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CIBERobn. Carlos III Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
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Aller EEJG, Larsen TM, Claus H, Lindroos AK, Kafatos A, Pfeiffer A, Martinez JA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Kunesova M, Stender S, Saris WHM, Astrup A, van Baak MA. Weight loss maintenance in overweight subjects on ad libitum diets with high or low protein content and glycemic index: the DIOGENES trial 12-month results. Int J Obes (Lond) 2014; 38:1511-7. [PMID: 24675714 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high dietary protein (P) content and low glycemic index (LGI) have been suggested to be beneficial for weight management, but long-term studies are scarce. OBJECTIVE The DIOGENES randomized clinical trial investigated the effect of P and GI on weight loss maintenance in overweight or obese adults in eight centers across Europe. This study reports the 1-year results in two of the centers that extended the intervention to 1 year. METHOD After an 8-week low-calorie diet (LCD), 256 adults (body mass index >27 kg m(-)(2)) were randomized to five ad libitum diets for 12 months: high P/LGI (HP/LGI), HP/high GI (HP/HGI), low P/LGI (LP/LGI), LP/HGI and a control diet. During the first 6 months, foods were provided for free through a shop system and during the whole 12-month period, subjects received guidance by a dietician. Primary outcome variable was the change in body weight over the 12-month intervention period. RESULTS During the LCD period, subjects lost 11.2 (10.8, 12.0) kg (mean (95% confidence interval (CI))). Average weight regain over the 12-month intervention period was 3.9 (95% CI 3.0-4.8) kg. Subjects on the HP diets regained less weight than subjects on the LP diets. The difference in weight regain after 1 year was 2.0 (0.4, 3.6) kg (P=0.017) (completers analysis, N=139) or 2.8 (1.4, 4.1) kg (P<0.001) (intention-to-treat analysis, N=256). No consistent effect of GI on weight regain was found. There were no clinically relevant differences in changes in cardiometabolic risk factors among diet groups. CONCLUSION A higher protein content of an ad libitum diet improves weight loss maintenance in overweight and obese adults over 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E J G Aller
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - T M Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Claus
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A K Lindroos
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine & Nutrition Clinic, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - A Pfeiffer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuhetal, Germany
| | - J A Martinez
- 1] Department of Physiology and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain [2] CIBERObn, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M Kunesova
- Obesity Management Centre, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Stender
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - W H M Saris
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports (NEXS), Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M A van Baak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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García-Unciti M, Martinez JA, Izquierdo M, Gorostiaga EM, Grijalba A, Ibañez J. Effect of resistance training and hypocaloric diets with different protein content on body composition and lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic obese women. NUTR HOSP 2013; 27:1511-20. [PMID: 23478699 DOI: 10.3305/nh.2012.27.5.5921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lifestyle changes such as following a hypocaloric diet and regular physical exercise are recognized as effective non-pharmacological interventions to reduce body fat mass and prevent cardiovascular disease risk factors. PURPOSE To evaluate the interactions of a higher protein (HP) vs. a lower protein (LP) diet with or without a concomitant progressive resistance training program (RT) on body composition and lipoprotein profile in hypercholesterolemic obese women. METHODS Retrospective study derived from a 16-week randomized controlled-intervention clinical trial. Twenty five sedentary, obese (BMI: 30-40 kg/m²) women, aged 40-60 with hypercholesterolemia were assigned to a 4-arm trial using a 2 x 2 factorial design (Diet x Exercise). Prescribed diets had the same calorie restriction (-500 kcal/day), and were categorized according to protein content as: lower protein (< 22% daily energy intake, LP) vs. higher protein (> 22% daily energy intake, HP). Exercise comparisons involved habitual activity (control) vs. a 16-week supervised whole-body resistance training program (RT), two sessions/wk. RESULTS A significant decrease in weight and waist circumference was observed in all groups. A significant decrease in LDL-C and Total-Cholesterol levels was observed only when a LP diet was combined with a RT program, the RT being the most determining factor. Interestingly, an interaction between diet and exercise was found concerning LDL-C values. CONCLUSION In this study, resistance training plays a key role in improving LDL-C and Total-Cholesterol; however, a lower protein intake (< 22% of daily energy intake as proteins) was found to achieve a significantly greater reduction in LDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- M García-Unciti
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Gasch O, Camoez M, Dominguez MA, Padilla B, Pintado V, Almirante B, Molina J, Lopez-Medrano F, Ruiz E, Martinez JA, Bereciartua E, Rodriguez-Lopez F, Fernandez-Mazarrasa C, Goenaga MA, Benito N, Rodriguez-Baño J, Espejo E, Pujol M. Predictive factors for mortality in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection: impact on outcome of host, microorganism and therapy. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013; 19:1049-57. [PMID: 23331461 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mortality related to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infection (BSI) remains high, despite changes in the epidemiology. To analyze the current predictive factors for mortality we conducted a prospective study in a large cohort of patients with MRSA-BSI from 21 Spanish hospitals. Epidemiology, clinical data, therapy and outcome were recorded. All MRSA strains were analysed, including susceptibility to antibiotics and molecular characterization. Vancomycin MICs (V-MIC) were tested by the E-test and microdilution methods. Time until death was the dependent variable in a Cox regression analysis. Overall, 579 episodes were included. Acquisition was nosocomial in 59% and vascular catheter was the most frequent source (38%). A dominant PFGE genotype was found in 368 (67%) isolates, which belonged to Clonal Complex (CC)5 and carried SCCmecIV and agr2. Microdilution V-MIC50 and V-MIC90 were 0.7 and 1.0 mg/L, respectively. Initial therapy was appropriate in 66% of episodes. Overall mortality was observed in 179 (32%) episodes. The Cox-regression analysis identified age >70 years (HR 1.88), previous fatal disease (HR 2.16), Pitt score >1 (HR 3.45), high-risk source (HR 1.85) and inappropriate initial treatment (HR 1.39) as independent predictive factors for mortality. CC5 and CC22 (HR 0.52 and 0.45) were associated with significantly lower mortality rates than CC8. V-MIC ≥1.5 did not have a significant impact on mortality, regardless of the method used to assess it.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Gasch
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, H. Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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