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Soh RCC, Chen BZ, Hartono S, Lee MS, Lee W, Lim SL, Gan J, Maréchal B, Chan LL, Lo YL. The hindbrain and cortico-reticular pathway in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e759-e766. [PMID: 38388254 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM To characterise the corticoreticular pathway (CRP) in a case-control cohort of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients using high-resolution slice-accelerated readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to enhance the discrimination of small brainstem nuclei in comparison to automated whole-brain volumetry and tractography and their clinical correlates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-four participants (16 AIS patients, 18 healthy controls) underwent clinical and orthopaedic assessments and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on a 3 T MRI machine. Automated whole-brain volume-based morphometry, tract-based spatial statistics analysis, and manual CRP tractography by two independent raters were performed. Intra-rater and inter-rater agreement of DTI metrics from CRP tractography were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient. Normalised structural brain volumes and DTI metrics were compared between groups using Student's t-tests. Linear correlation analysis between imaging parameters and clinical scores was also performed. RESULTS AIS patients demonstrated a significantly larger pons volume compared to controls (p=0.006). Significant inter-side CRP differences in mean (p=0.02) and axial diffusivity (p=0.01) were found in patients only. Asymmetry in CRP fractional anisotropy significantly correlated with the Cobb angle (p=0.03). CONCLUSION Relative pontine hypertrophy and asymmetry in CRP DTI metrics suggest central supranuclear inter-hemispheric imbalance in AIS, and support the role of the CRP in axial muscle tone. Longitudinal evaluation of CRP DTI metrics in the prediction of AIS progression may be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C C Soh
- Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - B Z Chen
- Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - S Hartono
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
| | - M S Lee
- Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - W Lee
- Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - S L Lim
- Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - J Gan
- Siemens Healthineers, Singapore
| | - B Maréchal
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland; Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS 5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L L Chan
- Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Y L Lo
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
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Patel V, Patel J, Gan J, Rahiminejad M, Preston R, Mak SM, Benedetti G. Reporting of coronary artery calcification on chest CT studies in patients with interstitial lung disease. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e532-e538. [PMID: 38242805 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the prevalence of coronary artery calcification (CAC) on non-contrast computed tomography (CT) of the thorax in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), assess consistency of CAC reporting and assess incidence of subsequent cardiac events. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with known interstitial lung disease who underwent a CT thorax over a 2-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Presence of CAC was assessed using a visual scale for CAC reporting and graded as mild, moderate, or severe by two cardiothoracic radiologists. CT reports were reviewed to determine if presence of CAC had been described. Electronic medical records were reviewed for any subsequent cardiothoracic events from the date of the CT thorax to present. RESULTS 254 patients were included in the analysis (54.7% men; mean age 59.9 yo). 43.7% had CAC on their CT thorax; however, in 87.3% of those, reports did not comment on its presence. 8 patients had cardiac events; 7 of them had CAC on CT although only in 1 case this was reported. Global CAC and LAD CAC Patients with cardiac events had a significantly higher global CAC (p=0.016) and LAD CAC (p=0.048) when compared to patients without. CONCLUSION We demonstrated a high prevalence of CAC in ILD patients and its significant association with adverse cardiac events. Unfortunately, CAC on CT thorax is still largely unreported. As per recent BSCI/BSCCT and BSTI guidelines, reporting of CAC should become part of routine practice, as may prompt prevention and impact on patients outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Patel
- The Royal Marsden, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - J Patel
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - J Gan
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - M Rahiminejad
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - R Preston
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - S M Mak
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - G Benedetti
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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3
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Luo W, Gan J, Luo Z, Li S, Wang Z, Wu J, Zhang H, Xian J, Cheng R, Tang X, Liu Y, Yang L, Mou Q, Zhang X, Chen Y, Wang W, Wang Y, Bai L, Wei X, Zhang R, Yang L, Chen Y, Yang L, Li Y, Liu D, Li W, Chen L. Safety, immunogenicity and protective effectiveness of heterologous boost with a recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (Sf9 cells) in adult recipients of inactivated vaccines. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:41. [PMID: 38355676 PMCID: PMC10866951 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccines have proven effective in protecting populations against COVID-19, including the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (Sf9 cells), the first approved recombinant protein vaccine in China. In this positive-controlled trial with 85 adult participants (Sf9 cells group: n = 44; CoronaVac group: n = 41), we evaluated the safety, immunogenicity, and protective effectiveness of a heterologous boost with the Sf9 cells vaccine in adults who had been vaccinated with the inactivated vaccine, and found a post-booster adverse events rate of 20.45% in the Sf9 cells group and 31.71% in the CoronaVac group (p = 0.279), within 28 days after booster injection. Neither group reported any severe adverse events. Following the Sf9 cells vaccine booster, the geometric mean titer (GMT) of binding antibodies to the receptor-binding domain of prototype SARS-CoV-2 on day 28 post-booster was significantly higher than that induced by the CoronaVac vaccine booster (100,683.37 vs. 9,451.69, p < 0.001). In the Sf9 cells group, GMTs of neutralizing antibodies against pseudo SARS-CoV-2 viruses (prototype and diverse variants of concern [VOCs]) increased by 22.23-75.93 folds from baseline to day 28 post-booster, while the CoronaVac group showed increases of only 3.29-10.70 folds. Similarly, neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 viruses (prototype and diverse VOCs) increased by 68.18-192.67 folds on day 14 post-booster compared with the baseline level, significantly greater than the CoronaVac group (19.67-37.67 folds). A more robust Th1 cellular response was observed with the Sf9 cells booster on day 14 post-booster (mean IFN-γ+ spot-forming cells per 2 × 105 peripheral blood mononuclear cells: 26.66 vs. 13.59). Protective effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 was approximately twice as high in the Sf9 cells group compared to the CoronaVac group (68.18% vs. 36.59%, p = 0.004). Our study findings support the high protective effectiveness of heterologous boosting with the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (Sf9 cells) against symptomatic COVID-19 of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, while causing no apparent safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhu Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuangqing Li
- General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Fangcao Community Health Service Center of Chengdu High-tech Zone, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhoufeng Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxuan Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huohuo Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinghong Xian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruixin Cheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiumei Tang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Mou
- Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiwen Wang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yantong Wang
- Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Fangcao Community Health Service Center of Chengdu High-tech Zone, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuan Wei
- Fangcao Community Health Service Center of Chengdu High-tech Zone, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxin Chen
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yalun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Gan J, Zhang H, Wu J, Liu Y, Liu P, Cheng R, Tang X, Yang L, Luo W, Li W. Effect of inactivated vaccine boosters against severe and critical COVID-19 during the Omicron BA.5 wave: A retrospective analysis of hospitalized patients in China. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29402. [PMID: 38380744 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Few real-world analyses of the ability of vaccines to protect against severe COVID-19 have been published. In this real-world study, we compared the prevalence of severe or critical COVID-19 between patients at our hospital who were not vaccinated against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or who had been vaccinated partial, full, or booster course with the CoronaVac, containing inactivated virus propagated in Vero cells. Data from electronic health records were retrospectively analyzed for 4090 inpatients with COVID-19 who were treated at West China Hospital, Chengdu between December 6, 2022 and February 14, 2023. Clinicodemographic characteristics and COVID-19 severity were compared among patients who had been vaccinated 0, 1, 2 or more times with inactivated vaccine CoronaVac. To evaluate vaccine effectiveness over time, we plotted Kaplan-Meier curves with the percentage of patients with the outcome of severe or critical COVID-19 from the time of their last vaccine dose according to vaccination status. Ordinal logistic regression was used to assess associations between vaccination status and COVID-19 severity. Cox regression was used to identify risk factors for severe or critical COVID-19. Among the 4090 patients, 171 had been vaccinated partial and 423 twice with the full CoronaVac regimens, while 905 had been vaccinated three times (boosted). The prevalence of severe or critical COVID-19 among patients was 11 percentage points lower among those vaccinated (40%) at least twice than among those unvaccinated (51%) (p<0.001), while it was 10% points lower among those who had received a booster (41%) than among those unvaccinated (51%) (p<0.001). Protection against severe or critical COVID-19 due to vaccination was significantly weakened by being older than 65 years, being male, or having diabetes, chronic heart disease, autoimmune disease, or chronic lung disease. Completing a full course of immunization with inactivated vaccine CoronaVac against SARS-CoV-2 can reduce the risk of severe or critical COVID-19 due to the Omicron BA.5 subvariant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Gan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Precision Medicine, The Research Units of West China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huohuo Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Precision Medicine, The Research Units of West China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiaxuan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Precision Medicine, The Research Units of West China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Precision Medicine, The Research Units of West China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | | | - Ruixin Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Precision Medicine, The Research Units of West China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiumei Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Precision Medicine, The Research Units of West China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Linhui Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Precision Medicine, The Research Units of West China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wenxin Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Precision Medicine, The Research Units of West China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Precision Medicine, The Research Units of West China, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Gan J, Wu J, Zhang H, Liu D, Li W. Immunotherapy against lung cancer does not need to compromise the outcomes of COVID-19. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e451. [PMID: 38163089 PMCID: PMC10757045 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Gan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineInstitute of Respiratory HealthCenter of Precision MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Jiaxuan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineInstitute of Respiratory HealthCenter of Precision MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Huohuo Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineInstitute of Respiratory HealthCenter of Precision MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineInstitute of Respiratory HealthCenter of Precision MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineInstitute of Respiratory HealthCenter of Precision MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
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Qi C, Zhao JH, Wei YR, Gan J, Wan Y, Wu N, Song L, Zhang Y, Liu ZG. [Observation on the efficacy of different targets low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of tremor-dominant subtypes of Parkinson's disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:3112-3118. [PMID: 37840182 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230629-01102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the efficacy of different targets low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of tremor Parkinson's disease(PD). Method: A total of 82 patients with primary PD who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021 were prospectively collected. According to the clinical characteristics of major movement disorders, 82 patients with tremor type (TD) were selected to enroll.The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups at a 1∶1∶1 ratio according to the randomized coding sequence of the trial: the primary motor cortex (M1) group with 26 cases, the cerebellum group with 26 cases and the dual-site (M1, cerebellum) group with 30 cases. All patients were treated with 1 Hz low-frequency stimulation of the corresponding target once a day for 5 days a week for 2 weeks, a total of 10 times; The dosage remained unchanged during the treatment for all groups. Before and after 2 weeks' treatment, the patients were assessed with the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and PD Quality of Life Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39) without medication. Cortical excitability, namely transcranial magnetic stimulation motor evoked potential (TMS-MEP), [including resting motor threshold (rMT) and active motor threshold (aMT) examinations], timed up and go (TUG) and electromyographic tremor were conducted. Result: There were 82 patients, 39 males and 43 females, with an average age of (67±8) years. Before the treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the evaluation indicators among the three groups (all P>0.05). After the treatment, the differences of the UPDRS-Ⅲ score [(38.9±2.5) vs (29.2±3.6) ], UPDRS tremor score [(23.7±2.1) vs (14.6±3.1) ], TUG time [(44.8±3.1) s vs (33.7±4.1) s], tremor amplitude [(480±126) μV vs (276±94) μV], PDQ-39 score [(51±13) vs (45±13) ], rMT [(36±17)% vs (43±13)%], and aMT [(26±16)% vs (31±12)%] were statistically significant (all P<0.01) from those before the treatment. There was no statistical difference in the above factors between the M1 group and cerebellum group (all P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in tremor peak frequency among the three groups before and after the treatment (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Dual-site low-frequency rTMS can improve PD tremor, while M1 or cerebellar low-frequency rTMS does not significantly improve PD tremor. Its mechanism may be to improve PD tremor symptoms by regulating cortical excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Qi
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - J H Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Y R Wei
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - J Gan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Y Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - N Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - L Song
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Z G Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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7
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Gan J, Ji CF, Mao XR, Wang JT, Lyu CY, Shi YF, Liao Y, He YL, Shu L, Li L, Li JF. [Synchronization isolation method for multiple types of cells from mouse liver]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:532-537. [PMID: 37365031 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220827-00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore a simple and feasible method for the isolation and purification of hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (HSC), and lymphocytes from mice. Methods: The cell suspension was obtained from male C57bl/6 mice by hepatic perfusion through the portal vein digestion method and then isolated and purified by discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation. Trypan blue exclusion was used to determine cell viability. Glycogen staining, cytokeratin 18, and transmission electron microscopy were used to identify hepatic cells. Immunofluorescence was used to detect α-smooth muscle actin combined with desmin in HSCs. Flow cytometry was used to analyze lymphocyte subsets in the liver. Results: After isolation and purification, about 2.7×10(7) hepatocytes, 5.7×10(5) HSCS, and 4.6×106 hepatic mononuclear cells were obtained from the liver of mice with a body weight of about 22g. The cell survival rate in each group was > 95%. Hepatocytes were apparent in glycogen deposited purple-red granules and cytokeratin 18. Electron microscopy showed that there were abundant organelles in hepatocytes and tight junctions between cells. HSC had expressed α-smooth muscle actin and desmin. Flow cytometry showed hepatic mononuclear cells, including lymphocyte subsets such as CD4, CD8, NKs, and NKTs. Conclusion: The hepatic perfusion through the portal vein digestion method can isolate multiple primary cells from the liver of mice at once and has the features of simplicity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - C F Ji
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X R Mao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J T Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - C Y Lyu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y F Shi
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Liao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y L He
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L Shu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J F Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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8
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Boucher E, Gan J, Shepperd S, Pendlebury ST. 1332 PREVALENCE AND OUTCOMES OF FRAILTY IN OLDER PEOPLE WITH UNPLANNED HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Age Ageing 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac322.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Guidelines recommend screening for frailty in all hospitalised older adults to inform care, based mainly on studies in outpatient and speciality-specific settings. However, most hospital bed-days in older people are for acute, non-elective admissions to general medicine, for which the prevalence and prognostic value of frailty might differ. Therefore, we undertook a systematic review of frailty prevalence and outcomes in older people with unplanned hospital admissions.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL up to 30/04/2021 for observational studies using validated frailty measures in unplanned adult hospital-wide or general medicine admissions. We related frailty prevalence to measurement tool, setting and risk of bias (RoB). Relative risks (RR) for mortality, length of stay (LOS), discharge destination and readmission were pooled using random-effects models where appropriate, and area-under-the-ROC-curves calculated. Heterogeneity was explored with meta-regression. Dose-response effects were assessed with the Cochran-Armitage test.
Results
Among 38 cohorts (median/SD age=80/5 years; n=37,733,147 admissions), the median prevalence of moderate-severe frailty was 40.5% (IQR=33.2-53.2; low-moderate RoB=23/38), with considerable heterogeneity (PQ<0.001) apparently unrelated to measure, setting or RoB. Nevertheless, frailty still predicted mortality (RR range=1.08-16.06), long LOS (range=1.35-3.04) and discharge destination (range=1.97-3.45) in all studies with more severe frailty associated with worse outcomes, although associations with 30-day readmission were conflicting (range=0.52-1.64). Studies reporting lower frailty prevalence showed stronger associations between frailty and mortality (beta=-0.009, P=0.03, R=49.6%), with the most consistent (PQ=0.11) associations found in studies using prospective measures (pooled RR=2.57, 95%CI=2.30-2.88) and little attenuation after adjustment for age, sex and comorbidity. Ordinal cut-points appeared to provide superior discrimination to dichotomous thresholds.
Conclusions
Frailty is common in older patients with acute, non-elective hospital admissions and remains an independent predictor of mortality, LOS and discharge home in the acute setting, justifying more widespread implementation of screening using prospective tools and consideration of the degree of frailty in guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Boucher
- University of Oxford Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, , UK
| | | | - S Shepperd
- University of Oxford Nuffield Department of Population Health, , UK
| | - S T Pendlebury
- University of Oxford Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, , UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and Departments of General (Internal) Medicine and Geratology, , UK
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9
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Spira A, Mehra R, Mantia C, Babiker H, Borad M, Cervantes A, Garralda E, Mahipal A, Paz-Ares L, Hatzis C, Liu A, Raue A, Gan J, Adrian F, Manenti L, El-Khoueiry A. 783TiP Phase I study of HFB301001, a novel OX40 agonist monoclonal antibody, in patients with solid tumors selected via Drug Intelligence Science (DIS). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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10
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Liu D, Liu H, Gan J, Zeng S, Zhong F, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Jiang L, Wang G, Chen Y, Kong FMS, Fang W, Wang L. LY2874455 and Abemaciclib Reverse FGF3/4/19/CCND1 Amplification Mediated Gefitinib Resistance in NSCLC. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:918317. [PMID: 35814257 PMCID: PMC9260114 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.918317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients who initially received tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy often acquired resistance via multiple complex mechanisms. The amplification of FGF3/4/19/CCND1 on chromosome 11q13 was found in many cancers with TKI resistance. However, the role of these amplifications in TKI-resistant NSCLC remains uncovered. Here, we generated the FGF3/4/19/CCND1 amplification model in the NSCLC cell lines PC-9 and HCC827. Upregulation of FGF3/4/19/CCND1 strongly promoted cell proliferation and gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells. To find out the potential therapeutic strategies, we screened the combination of inhibitors against the FGF/FGFR signaling pathway and the CCND1/CDK4 complex and revealed that gefitinib combined with LY2874455 and abemaciclib exhibited the most effective inhibition of resistance in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, FGFs/CCND1 activated the MAPK pathway, which was abolished by the combination drugs. Our study provides a rationale for clinical testing of dual targeting FGFR and CCND1 with LY2874455 and abemaciclib in NSCLC patients who harbored FGF3/4/19/CCND1 amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongcheng Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongguang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shinuan Zeng
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuhua Zhong
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangsuo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Sciences and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng-Ming Spring Kong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenfeng Fang, ; Lingwei Wang,
| | - Lingwei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Wenfeng Fang, ; Lingwei Wang,
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11
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Thompson S, Gan J, Oppenheimer M. An unusual cause of urinary incontinence in a nonagenarian. BMJ 2022; 377:e067650. [PMID: 35738579 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-067650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Thompson
- Department of clinical geratology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | - J Gan
- Department of clinical geratology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
| | - M Oppenheimer
- Department of clinical geratology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
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12
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Abstract
As the largest salivary gland in oral cavity, the parotid gland plays an important role in initial digesting and lubricating food. The abnormal secretory function of the parotid gland can lead to dental caries and oral mucosal inflammation. In recent years, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been used to explore the heterogeneity and diversity of cells in various organs and tissues. However, the transcription profile of the human parotid gland at single-cell resolution has not been reported yet. In this study, we constructed the cell atlas of human parotid gland using the 10× Genomics platform. Characteristic gene analysis identified the biological functions of serous acinar cell populations in secreting digestive enzymes and antibacterial proteins. We revealed the specificity and similarity of the parotid gland compared to other digestive glands through comparative analyses of other published scRNA-seq data sets. We also identified the cell-specific expression of hub genes for Sjögren syndrome in the human parotid gland by integrating the results of genome-wide association studies and bulk RNA-seq, which highlighted the importance of immune cell dysfunction in parotid Sjögren syndrome pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W. Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J. Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W. Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - M. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J. Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Z. Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Liao J, Huang Y, Gan J, Pang L, Ali WAS, Yang Y, Chen L, Zhang L, Fang W. Epidermal growth factor receptor-Mutated Non-small-cell Lung Cancer with Intracranial Progressions and Stable Extracranial Diseases Benefit from Osimertinib Regardless of T790M Mutational Status. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221081360. [PMID: 35201951 PMCID: PMC8883386 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221081360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Osimertinib has exhibited promising central nervous system (CNS) efficacy in Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In real-world clinical practice, patients would turn to plasma genotyping or take osimertinib blindly after CNS progression on previous tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, the efficacy of osimertinib in those patients according to their T790M mutational status has not been explored. Materials and methods Twenty-five patients who received osimertinib due to intracranial progressions with stable extracranial diseases after early-generation EGFR-TKI treatment were collected from 1032 EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Plasma samples were analyzed for EGFR mutations using next-generation sequencing (NGS) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Among the 25 patients, 17 patients took plasma genotyping before osimertinib treatment with 8 patients EGFR T790M mutation-positive and the rest started osimertinib blindly. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.12-9.94) and median intracranial PFS (iPFS) was 14.4 months (95% CI: 7.27-21.59) for the total population. No statistical difference was found in PFS and iPFS among patients with different EGFR T790M mutational statuses. Intracranial disease control rate (DCR) was 100.0% for 14 patients with evaluable intracranial lesions despite different T790M mutational statuses. DCR for extracranial lesions and overall lesions were 100.0%, 66.7%, and 87.5% for patients with T790M, no T790M, and unknown T790M mutational status, respectively. Conclusion For EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients with only intracranial progressions after previous TKI treatments, osimertinib is a promising treatment option regardless of T790M mutational status from plasma genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liao
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Pang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wael A. S. Ali
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Likun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Wenfeng Fang, MD, PhD, Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, Peoples Republic of China.
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14
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Wan Y, Xiao RQ, Zhao JH, Zhang Y, Gan J, Wu N, Song L, Li L, Qi C, Chen W, Wang XJ, Liu ZG. [The clinical efficacy of the stratification medical treatment based on the risk estimation of motor complications in Parkinson's disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:491-498. [PMID: 35184502 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210930-02204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the stratification medical treatment based on the motor complications risk estimation in improving the quality of life, motor symptoms and delaying the motor complications in Parkinson's patients. Methods: Outpatients and inpatients from Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, were recruited between November 2019 and June 2020. The participants were all clinically diagnosed with PD and treated with anti-PD medications, but had no history of motor complications, with the 8-item Parkinson's disease questionnaire summary index (PDQ-8 SI)>18.59. At baseline, the demographic characteristics, PD medical history, levodopa dosage (LD) and levodopa equivalent dosage (LED) were collected, and the evaluation of PDQ-8, Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS)-Ⅱ and Ⅲ, Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) grade, Hamilton anxiety scale-14 (HAMA-14), Hamilton depression scale-24 (HAMD-24), mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) tools was accomplished in all participants. Meanwhile, a Parkinson's disease risk estimation scale for motor complications was used to assess patients' risk of motor complications, and thus the medication was stratified in PD patients accordingly. During the 6-month and 12-month follow-ups, the evaluation of the above-mentioned parameters was repeated in all participants. At the 3-month and 9-month follow-ups, the information of anti-PD medications, the occurrence of motor complications (motor fluctuations and dyskinesia) and adverse drug reactions were recorded, and PDQ-8 was also evaluated. Results: Two hundred and fifty-one patients completed the 1-year follow-up, with 135 males and 116 females. At baseline, the median age of the patients was 66 (60, 71) years and the median PDQ-8 SI was 31.2 (21.9, 40.6). Additionally, 15.9% (40/251) of the patients were at high risk of motor fluctuation, and 7.2% (18/251) were at high risk of dyskinesia. There were significant differences in the age of onset, disease duration, PD treatment duration, the scores of UPDRS-Ⅱ and Ⅲ, H&Y Grade, and PDQ-8 SI among PD patients of different risk groups (all P<0.05). In the 12th month, the median of PDQ-8 SI, Δ PDQ-8 SI and Δ UPDRS-Ⅲ was 12.5 (9.4, 18.8), -15.6 (-21.9, -9.4) and -9(-16, -4), respectively, which was statistically different from that of baseline (all P<0.05). The change of UPDRS-Ⅱ scores in the group with high risk of motor fluctuation was statistically different from that in the groups with low and moderate risk (P<0.05). The changes of PSQI score, LD and LED in the group with high risk of dyskinesia was statistically different from those in the groups with low and moderate risk (all P<0.05). During the follow-up, the incidence of motor fluctuation and dyskinesia was 9.56% (24/251) and 5.97% (15/251), respectively. Conclusion: The stratification medical treatment might have a positive intervention effect on promoting a better quality of life, improving motor symptoms and delaying motor complications in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - R Q Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - J H Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - J Gan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - N Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - L Song
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - C Qi
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - W Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - X J Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Z G Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Gan J, Huang Y, Liao J, Pang L, Fang W. HER2 Amplification in Advanced NSCLC Patients After Progression on EGFR-TKI and Clinical Response to EGFR-TKI Plus Pyrotinib Combination Therapy. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:5297-5307. [PMID: 34824536 PMCID: PMC8609241 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s335217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2 (or ERBB2) amplification is an important mechanism for acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). The benefits of HER2-targeted therapy have been limited. Herein, we investigated the molecular and clinical patterns of HER2 amplification in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients during progression on EGFR-TKIs and the potential of combining EGFR-TKI and pyrotinib to overcome resistance. METHODS In this study, 1,637 NSCLC cases from Geneseeq after progression of EGFR-TKIs were screened and analyzed by next generation sequencing (NGS), in which 48 patients with HER2 amplification were eligible and enrolled. A total of 403 patients from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) were screened and five patients with concomitant EGFR mutations and HER2 amplification were retrospectively collected to assess the effect of afatinib or combination of EGFR-TKI and pyrotinib. RESULTS In the 48 patients from the Geneseeq cohort, 27 (56.2%) patients suffered from resistance of 1st/2nd generation EGFR-TKI, and 21 (43.8%) patients from 3rd generation. As for the five patients forming the SYSUCC cohort, three patients were treated with afatinib, one achieved partial response (PR) with progression-free survival (PFS) of 6 months and two quickly developed disease progression. Two patients were treated with EGFR-TKIs plus pyrotinib, one receiving gefitinib plus pyrotinib achieved PR with PFS of 8 months and benefited from osimertinib plus pyrotinib for 3 months till data-off; one receiving osimertinib plus pyrotinib achieved SD for 4 months till data-off. The most common co-occurring alteration was TP53 (91.7%) in the mutation profile of the 48 patients from the Geneseeq cohort, and four patients had TP53 co-mutations of the five patients from the SYSUCC cohort. CONCLUSION In this study, we detected 7% HER2 amplification present in EGFR-TKIs resistance. Patients with concomitant EGFR mutation and HER2 amplification may derive clinical benefit from therapies that target both EGFR and HER2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Liao
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Pang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Peoples Republic of China
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17
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Gan J, Huang Y, Fang W, Zhang L. Research progress in immune checkpoint inhibitors for lung cancer in China. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2021; 13:17588359211029826. [PMID: 34349843 PMCID: PMC8295948 DOI: 10.1177/17588359211029826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have come to play an increasingly prominent role in the treatment of lung cancer, and some are recommended as a first-line treatment for late-stage non-small-cell lung cancer, either as a monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy. Accordingly, the indications of Food and Drug Administration-approved ICIs have increased. In this background, China has implemented various policies to encourage and accelerate the marketing of domestic and imported innovative antitumor drugs. Eight ICIs have been approved in China. Among these, four imported programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have received approval for six indications, and one domestic PD-1 inhibitor has received approval for one indication for lung cancer in 2018. Numerous clinical trials of ICIs for lung cancer are underway in China. This review aims to summarize the recent advances and future directions of ICIs, including PD-1 inhibitors, PD-L1 inhibitors, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 inhibitors, bi-specific antibodies, and a novel inhibitor of T-cell immune-receptor with Ig and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains in immunotherapies for lung cancer in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
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Fang W, Huang Y, Gan J, Zheng Q, Zhang L. Emergence of EGFR G724S After Progression on Osimertinib Responded to Afatinib Monotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2021; 15:e36-e37. [PMID: 32093857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.09.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiufan Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Fang W, Huang Y, Gan J, He B, Zhang L. Nintedanib Effect in Osimertinib-Induced Interstitial Pneumonia. J Thorac Oncol 2021; 15:e34-e35. [PMID: 32093856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bishan He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Fang W, Huang Y, Gu W, Gan J, Wang W, Zhang S, Wang K, Zhan J, Yang Y, Huang Y, Zhao H, Zhang L. PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway alterations in advanced NSCLC patients after progression on EGFR-TKI and clinical response to EGFR-TKI plus everolimus combination therapy. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:1258-1267. [PMID: 32953503 PMCID: PMC7481581 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Several mechanisms including abnormal activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway have been proved to generate acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated the genomic characteristics of PI3K pathway activated in NSCLC patients after progression on EGFR-TKIs and whether both targeting EGFR and PI3K pathway could overcome resistance. Methods A total of 605 NSCLC cases with a history of EGFR TKI treatment were reviewed, in which 324 patients harboring EGFR mutations were confirmed progression on at least one EGFR TKI and finally enrolled. Tumor tissues or blood samples were collected at the onset of TKI progression for next generation sequencing (NGS). Six EGFR mutant patients with co-occurring mutations in PI3K pathway were retrospectively collected to assess the effect of EGFR TKI plus everolimus, a mTOR inhibitor. Results Forty-nine (14.9%) patients resistant to EGFR TKIs have at least one genetic variation in PI3K pathway. PIK3CA, PTEN and AKT1 variations were detected in 31 (9.5%), 18 (5.5%) and 3 (0.9%) of patients, respectively. No significant differences were observed in distribution of PI3K pathway alterations among patients with different EGFR mutations (EGFR exon19 deletion mutations/EGFR L858R/uncommon EGFR mutations) and among patients resistant to different EGFR TKIs. For patients treated with everolimus and EGFR-TKI, five (5/6, 83.3%) achieved stable disease (SD) and one (1/6, 16.7%) didn’t receive disease control. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.1 months (95% confidence interval, 1.35–4.3 months, range, 0.9–4.4 months). The most common adverse events were dental ulcer (6/6), rash (1/6). Conclusions Our study revealed that PI3K pathway was activated in at least 14.9% in EGFR-TKI resistant patients. EGFR-TKIs plus everolimus showed limited antitumor activity in EGFR mutant NSCLC patients with PI3K pathway aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiguang Gu
- Department of Medical Oncology, People's Hospital of Nanhai District, Foshan, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Jianhua Zhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyun Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Zheng Q, Fang W, Huang Y, Gan J, Zhang L. Identification of a Novel KIF5B-RET, ABHD17C-RET Double-Fusion Variant in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Response to Cabozantinib. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:e132-e133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.12.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Liu ZG, Gan J. [Strengthening the standardized management of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:2081-2083. [PMID: 32689749 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200529-01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z G Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - J Gan
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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Wolf DC, Cryder Z, Khoury R, Carlan C, Gan J. Bioremediation of PAH-contaminated shooting range soil using integrated approaches. Sci Total Environ 2020; 726:138440. [PMID: 32315846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Serious contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) occurs at outdoor shooting ranges due to the accumulation of clay target fragments containing coal tar or petroleum pitch. These contaminated sites are characterized with high-molecular-weight PAHs that are low in bioavailability and recalcitrant to bioremediation. We evaluated the effectiveness of different remediation strategies, used individually or in combinations, to decontaminate PAHs in a shooting range soil. The treatments included vegetation with bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers] or switchgrass [Panicum virgatum]), bioaugmentation of Mycobacterium vanbaalenii PYR-1, and addition of surfactants (Brij-35, rhamnolipid biosurfactant, or Brij-35/sodium dodecyl sulfate mixture). The initial total PAH concentration in the shooting range soil was 373 mg/kg and consisted of primarily high-molecular-weight PAHs (84%). Planting of bermudagrass and switchgrass resulted in 36% and 27% ∑16PAH reduction compared to the non-vegetated control, respectively. Bermudagrass enhanced soil dehydrogenase activity and both vegetation treatments also increased polyphenol oxidase activity. Bioaugmentation of M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 had a significant effect only on the dissipation of high-molecular-weight PAHs, leading to a 15% decrease (∑10PAH) compared to the control. In the non-vegetated soil, Brij-35/sodium dodecyl sulfate mixture increased PAH degradation compared to the no surfactant control. The increased PAH biodegradation in the vegetated and bioaugmented treatments improved lettuce [Lactuca sativa] seed germination, suggesting reduced toxicity in the treated soils. Phytoremediation using bermudagrass or switchgrass with bioaugmentation of M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 was an effective in situ remediation option for shooting range soils with heavy PAH contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Wolf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States of America.
| | - Z Cryder
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States of America
| | - R Khoury
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States of America
| | - C Carlan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States of America
| | - J Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States of America
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Gan J, Omar A, Jaeb MM. RESPIRATORY COMPLICATION AND OUTCOMES IN MEASLES OUTBREAK AMONG BATEK TRIBE OF NORTH EAST MALAYSIA 2019. Chest 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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25
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Chen Q, Huang Y, Shao L, Han-Zhang H, Yang F, Wang Y, Liu J, Gan J. An EGFR-Amplified Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patient with Pulmonary Metastasis Benefits from Afatinib: A Case Report. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1845-1849. [PMID: 32184619 PMCID: PMC7053816 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s236382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, women with metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer still have very limited treatment options. Despite the rapid advancements in targeted therapies, no targeted therapy was approved for cervical cancer, except for bevacizumab. In the present study, we reported a 52-year-old heavily pre-treated EGFR amplified patient with metastatic cervical squamous cancer who benefited from afatinib with a progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.5 months. The patient was administered with a first-line treatment of chemotherapy and bevacizumab with a PFS of 4.3 months. Subsequently the patient was treated with a second-line regimen of angiogenesis inhibitor apatinib plus chemotherapy and a third-line treatment of pembrolizumab. Genomic profiling revealed significant EGFR amplification in both primary (copy number [CN] =15.9) and metastatic lesions (CN =18). Afatinib monotherapy was then administered as the fourth-line regimen. She achieved partial response (PR) with a PFS of 5.5 months. At disease progression, the CN of EGFR was elevated to 39.9 accompanied by the emergence of PIK3CA amplification (CN =4.2). The patient was treated with everolimus and afatinib and achieved stable disease (SD) after 3 months. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical evidence of an EGFR-amplified metastatic cervical cancer patient benefiting from afatinib as a single agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- School of Nursing, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510520, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihua Huang
- School of Nursing, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510520, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Shao
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Han-Zhang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
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Fang W, Gan J, Huang Y, Zhou H, Zhang L. Acquired EGFR L718V Mutation and Loss of T790M-Mediated Resistance to Osimertinib in a Patient With NSCLC Who Responded to Afatinib. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:e274-e275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Fang W, Huang Y, Gan J, Shao YW, Zhang L. Durable Response of Low-Dose Afatinib plus Cetuximab in an Adenocarcinoma Patient with a Novel EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutation. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:e220-e221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Huang Y, Gan J, Guo K, Deng Y, Fang W. Acquired BRAF V600E Mutation Mediated Resistance to Osimertinib and Responded to Osimertinib, Dabrafenib, and Trametinib Combination Therapy. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:e236-e237. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wolf DC, Cryder Z, Gan J. Soil bacterial community dynamics following surfactant addition and bioaugmentation in pyrene-contaminated soils. Chemosphere 2019; 231:93-102. [PMID: 31128356 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Because of their toxic properties, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are designated as priority pollutants. The low solubility and strong sorption of PAHs in soil often limits bioremediation. To increase PAH bioavailability and enhance microbial degradation, surfactants are often added to contaminated soils. However, the effects of surfactants on the PAH degradation capacities of soil microbes are generally neglected. In this study, 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing was used to evaluate changes in the soil microbial community after the application of rhamnolipid biosurfactant or Brij-35 surfactant and Mycobacterium vanbaalenii PYR-1 bioaugmentation over a 50-d mineralization study in two soils contaminated with pyrene at 10 mg kg-1. The introduction of pyrene in both soils resulted in an increase in Firmicutes and a decrease in microbial richness and Shannon diversity index. Amendment of rhamnolipid at 1,400 μg g-1 to the native clay soil resulted in a decrease in Bacillus from 48% to 2%, which was accompanied with an increase in Mycoplana that accounted for 67% of the total genera relative abundance. Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states was used to predict the activity of functional genes involved in the PAH degradation KEGG pathway and determined that M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 bioaugmentation resulted in an increased number of functional genes utilized in PAH biodegradation. Results of this study provide a better understanding of the soil microbial dynamics in response to surfactant amendments in addition to bioaugmentation of a PAH-degrading microbe. This knowledge contributes to successful and efficient surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Wolf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Z Cryder
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - J Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Fang W, Huang Y, Gan J, Hong S, Zhang L. A Patient with EGFR Exon 20 Insertion-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Responded to Osimertinib plus Cetuximab Combination Therapy. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:e201-e202. [PMID: 31445736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaodong Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Fang W, Huang Y, Gan J, Yang Y, Wu Y, Huang J, Xu Z, Wang W, Zhang L. Abstract 327: The impact of PIK3CA/PTEN/AKT1 genes in advanced NSCLC patients with acquired EGFR-TKI resistance and clinical response to EGFR-TKI plus everolimus combination therapy. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background EGFR-TKIs have shown remarkable effect in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with sensitive EGFR mutations. Nevertheless, several mechanisms including activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway have been proved to generate acquired assistance to EGFR-TKIs. In this study, we investigated the genomic characteristics of PI3K pathway in NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs and whether both targeting EGFR and mTOR could reverse resistance.
Methods A total of 605 NSCLC cases who received prior TKI treatment were reviewed, in which 328 patients harboring EGFR-mutants were confirmed to have progressed on one or more TKI and finally enrolled. FFPE tumor or blood samples were collected at the onset of TKI resistance for NGS based panel assay (PIK3CA/PTEN/AKT1 genes and NSCLC driver genes are included). Six patients with co-mutations in EGFR and PI3K pathway who had been heavily treated and progressed on EGFR-TKI received EGFR-TKI plus mTOR inhibitor everolimus combination therapy.
Results In a total of 328 patients, 294 (89.6%) of the patients were adenocarcinomas, 4(12.2%) were small cell lung cancer, while the rest were squamous carcinoma or NSCLC not otherwise specified (30, 9.2%). Forty nine (14.9%) patients with TKI resistant have genomic alterations in PI3K pathway. PIK3CA, PTEN and AKT1variations were detected in 31(9.5%), 18(5.5%) and 3(0.9%) of patients respectively. Three patients had both PIK3CA and PTEN mutations and one patient had co-mutation of PIK3CA/PTEN/AKT1. PIK3CA hotspot mutations of E545, H1047 and E542 accounted for 60.5% of PIK3CA mutations. Six patients were treated with everolimus (5mg) plus EGFR-TKI (2 patients with gefitinib, 250mg; 1 patient with afatinib, 30mg; 3 patients with osimertinib 80mg, daily) combination therapy. One (1/6, 16.7%) patient achieved partial response and the rest (5/6, 83.3%) achieved stable disease. The most common adverse events were dental ulcer (6/6), rash (2/6), pruritis (1/6) and diarrhea (1/6). One patient withdrew combination treatment due to grade 3 dental ulcer.
Conclusions Our study revealed that PI3K pathway was activated in approximately 15% of EGFR-TKI resistant patients. Combination therapy of EGFR-TKIs and everolimus revealed limited antitumor activity in EGFR-TKI resistant NSCLC patients with dysregulation of PI3K pathway.
Citation Format: Wenfeng Fang, Yihua Huang, Jiadi Gan, Yunpeng Yang, Yifen Wu, Jingbin Huang, Zhiyong Xu, Wenjing Wang, Li Zhang. The impact of PIK3CA/PTEN/AKT1 genes in advanced NSCLC patients with acquired EGFR-TKI resistance and clinical response to EGFR-TKI plus everolimus combination therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 327.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Fang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Huang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Yang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifen Wu
- 2Dongguan people's hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Jingbin Huang
- 3Shunde District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- 4Southern Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Li Zhang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Fang W, Gan J, Lu F, Deng Y, Chen L, Yang Y, Zhang L. Abstract 3460: MPRIP-ALK,a novel ALK rearrangement that responds to ALK inhibitor in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-3460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Oncogenic rearrangements of the anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK gene) have recently been described in 3% to 5% of lung adenocarcinomas. Kinds of fusion partners of ALK have been reported in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-ALKbeing the most prevalent one. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been approved for treating patients with advanced-stage ALK-positive, NSCLC by Food and Drugs Administration (FDA).
Comprehensive genomic profiling performed by means of next-generation sequencing assay demonstrated a novel myosin phosphatase-Rho-interacting protein gene (MPRIP)-ALK fusion in our case, in which a translocation involving chromosomes 2 and 9 has taken place. The rearrangement was verified by reverse transcription reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Sanger sequencing. ALK immunohistochemistry demonstrated strong staining in patient’s tumor sample as extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections.
We expressed MPRIP-ALK cDNA construct in non-cancer cell line Ba/F3 which showed IL-3-independent growth compared the growth stop of cells carrying empty vector, moreover, hyper-activation of the protein ALK, ERK, AKT were detected in Ba/F3 cells with MPRIP-ALK over-expressed. Furthermore, the colonies and activations of ALK downstream signaling pathways could be inhibited by crizotinib. The patient received standard chemotherapy on the first-line. She experienced progressive disease after 7 months, and commenced on crizotinib (250mg, twice per day) from March 2018. The patient showed significant improvement in cough, dorsalgia, and polypnea within one week. Partial response was gained after one month treatment and confirmed at the third month. She still remains on the crizotinib treatment without disease relapse up to now. In this study, we report a novel ALK rearrangement in a patient with NSCLC by RNA-seq. Our in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that the novel MPRIP-ALK fusion is a driver gene and can be targetable by crizotinib.
Citation Format: Wenfeng Fang, Jiadi Gan, Feng Lu, Yangyang Deng, Liang Chen, Yunpeng Yang, Li Zhang. MPRIP-ALK,a novel ALK rearrangement that responds to ALK inhibitor in non-small-cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3460.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Fang
- 1Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- 1Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Lu
- 2Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Yunpeng Yang
- 1Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- 1Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Fang W, Huang Y, Hong S, Zhang Z, Wang M, Gan J, Wang W, Guo H, Wang K, Zhang L. EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations and response to osimertinib in non-small-cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:595. [PMID: 31208370 PMCID: PMC6580637 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5820-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertion (EGFRex20ins) mutations represent approximately 4-12% of EGFR mutations and are generally refractory to the 1st and 2nd generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Development of effective therapies for patients with EGFRex20ins mutant non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) represents a great unmet need. Preclinical models have shown that osimertinib is active in NSCLC harboring EGFRex20ins, while the antitumor activity of osimertinib remains to be evaluated in patients with EGFRex20ins mutations. METHODS Tumor genotyping was performed in 2316 Chinese NSCLC cases with targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) covering the whole exons of EGFR gene. The frequency and genetic characteristics of EGFRexon20ins mutations were analyzed. Furthermore, six patients with specific EGFRexon20ins mutations and receiving osimertinib 80 mg once daily were retrospectively included to assess the antitumor activity and safety of monotherapy osimertinib. RESULTS EGFRex20ins mutations were identified in 4.8% (53/1095) of EGFR mutant NSCLC and 2.3% (53/2316) of all NSCLC cases. The most frequently identified EGFRexon20ins is A767_V769dup (17/53,32.1%). We found that the genetic characteristics of EGFRex20ins mutations in Chinese patients with NSCLC were comparable to those reported in Caucasian patients. Four patients with osimertinib therapy achieved partial response and the rest stable disease. Median progression free survival (PFS) was 6.2 months (95% confidence interval 5.0-12.9 months; range 4.9-14.6 months). The most common adverse events (AEs) were diarrhea (2/6), pruritis (2/6), stomatitis (1/6) and nausea (1/6). No grade 3 or more AEs were documented. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the genetic characteristics of EGFRex20ins mutations in Chinese patients with NSCLC were comparable to those reported in Caucasian patients. Furthermore, our study firstly demonstrated promising antitumor activity of osimertinib in certain EGFRex20ins mutant advanced NSCLC patients, indicating that osimertinib treatment for EGFRex20ins positive patients deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaodong Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510220, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadi Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- OrigiMed, Inc, NO.115 XinJunhuan Road, Shanghai, 201114, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Guo
- OrigiMed, Inc, NO.115 XinJunhuan Road, Shanghai, 201114, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- OrigiMed, Inc, NO.115 XinJunhuan Road, Shanghai, 201114, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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Gan J, Fang W, Feng W, Zhang J, Deng H, Zhang L, Li Y, Qian J, Luo H, Chen Y, Yang Y, Zhang H, Zhang L. The molecular and immune characteristics, antitumor activity of crizotinib in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with MET exon 14 skipping alterations. J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e20588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e20588 Background: MET exon 14 ( METex14) skipping caused by certain mutations in splice sites of METex14 has been regarded as a promising target for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment with crizotinib, and was observed with lower responsiveness to immunotherapy (Joshua K. et al ASCO 2017). The molecular and immune characteristics, antitumor activity of crizotinib for Chinese NSCLC patients harboring METex14 skipping alterations remain to be elucidated. Methods: Tumor genomic profiling was performed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay (GeneCast Biotechnology Co., Beijing) on 9722 samples (FFPE and/or peripheral blood derived from 9289 Chinese NSCLC patients). PD-L1 expression was determined by qualitative immunohistochemical assay. Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) analysis was adopted to evaluate the immune microenvironment of selected samples. Retrospective analysis was performed to explore antitumor activity of crizotinib monotherapy in 10 patients harboring METex14 skipping alterations. Results: A total of 62 (0.67%) patients with somatic mutations occurred in METex14 splice sites (± 3bp) were identified. Median age of these patients is 64.5 years and 39% patients are female. Main histologic types are adenocarcinoma (81%, 50/62) and squamous carcinoma (13%, 8/62). 30 patients harbored high frequency METex14 mutations ranged from 1.34% to 79.49% nearly without co-existed known driver variants. Other 32 patients had low frequency mutations (below 1%) with some crucial oncogenic mutations such as EGFR 19del/L858R. In addition, very few CD8+ T cells were observed in tumor region and significantly less infiltrated than in stroma region ( P< 0.01). The overall response rate of crizotinib monotherapy on the ten patients with METex14 skipping alterations was 70% (7/10 achieved partial response), with progression free survival range from 3 to 20 months. Conclusions: The occurrence rate of METex14 skipping mutations in Chinese NSCLC patients is low. Low frequency ( < 1%) METex14 mutations usually co-exist with other driver mutations while high frequency METex14 mutations do not. That little infiltration of CD8+ T cells in tumor region might be associated with poor responsiveness of NSCLC patients carrying METex14 skipping alterations to immunotherapy. Our clinical cases exhibited promising antitumor activity of crizotinib in Chinese NSCLC patients harboring METex14 skipping alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Gan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weineng Feng
- Department of Head and Neck/Thoracic Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jiexia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huojin Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern MedicaI University, Guangzhou, 510280, China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yadan Li
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Juanjuan Qian
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hongli Luo
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Henghui Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Sprouster DJ, Sun C, Zhang Y, Chodankar SN, Gan J, Ecker LE. Irradiation-Dependent Helium Gas Bubble Superlattice in Tungsten. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2277. [PMID: 30783166 PMCID: PMC6381115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The implantation of noble gas atoms into metals at high gas concentrations can lead to the self-organization of nanobubbles into superlattices with symmetry similar to the metal host matrix. Here, we examine the influence of implantation parameters on the formation and structure of helium gas bubble superlattices within a tungsten host matrix to uncover mechanistic insight into the formation process. The determination of the size and symmetry of the gas bubbles was performed using a combination of small angle x-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The former was demonstrated to be particularly useful in determining size and structure of the gas bubble superlattice as a function of irradiation conditions. Prior to the formation of a superlattice, we observe a persistent substructure characterized by inter-bubble spacings similar to those observable when the gas bubble superlattice has formed with very large ordering parameters. As the implantation fluence increases, the inter-bubble ordering parameter decreases, indicating improved ordering, until a superlattice is formed. Multiple implantation-specific differences were observed, including a temperature-dependent superlattice parameter that increases with increasing temperature and a flux-dependent superlattice parameter that decreases with increasing flux. The trends quantified here are in excellent agreement with our recent theoretical predictions for gas bubble superlattice formation and highlight that superlattice formation is strongly dependent on the diffusion of vacancy and implanted He atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Sprouster
- Nuclear Science and Technology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, United States.
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, United States.
| | - C Sun
- Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, United States
| | - Y Zhang
- Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, United States
| | - S N Chodankar
- National Synchrotron Light Source-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, United States
| | - J Gan
- Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, United States
| | - L E Ecker
- Nuclear Science and Technology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, United States
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Tang W, Deng X, Ou Z, Gan J, Dong Q, Tan B, Lu L, Chen B, Bao C, Li S, Thomas B, Yu JC. Abstract P6-17-39: BAT8001, a potent anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate with a novel stable linker for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-17-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Overexpression of HER2 occurs in approximately 20% of breast cancers and is associated with shortened survival. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), an anti-HER2 ADC, has shown efficacy in HER2-positive breast cancer patients and was approved by the FDA and EMA for advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. However T-DM1 causes grade 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia in up to 14.5% of patients as its major toxicity. The thrombocytopenia is likely caused by one of T-DM1's catabolites and payload, DM1, indicating T-DM1's linker can be cleaved. Here we adopted a novel noncleavable linker and created an anti-HER2 ADC, BAT8001, which is expected be efficacious in HER2-positive breast cancer and have a better side effect profile relative to T-DM1 due to the stability of BAT8001's noncleavable linker. BAT8001 is internalized in HER2-positive cancer cells. It inhibits proliferation of HER2-positive tumor cells with IC50s of ˜0.1 nM, similar to the potency of T-DM1. BAT8001 also induces apoptosis in HER2-positive cancer cells. In both cell-line and patient-derived mouse xenograft (PDX) models, BAT8001 demonstrates strong inhibition activity on tumor growth. For example, in a cell-line model of breast cancer (BT474), BAT8001 demonstrates potent activity with complete responses in all animals tested at the 15mg/kg dose level. Pharmacokinetics studies in monkey reveals BAT8001 has similar Cmax, AUC, and t1/2 as T-DM1. The major catabolite of BAT8001 is the Cys-linker-payload containing product. No free payload is observed. This compares favorably with T-DM1 where free DM1, T-DM1's payload, is one of the major catabolites. In a multiple dose toxicity study, BAT8001 had a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg versus 10 mg/kg for T-DM1. BAT8001 exhibits similar potency to T-DM1 on inhibiting HER2-positive cell proliferation and tumor growth, yet demonstrates better multiple dose toxicity than T-DM1. The improved toxicity profile of BAT8001 suggests that the novel noncleavable linker utilized in BAT8001 is more stable than the linker utilized in T-DM1. BAT8001 is very efficacious in cell-line xenograft models of breast cancer. The preclinical profile of BAT8001 warrants further development for the treatment of breast cancer and other HER2-positive cancers.
Citation Format: Tang W, Deng X, Ou Z, Gan J, Dong Q, Tan B, Lu L, Chen B, Bao C, Li S, Thomas B, Yu J-C. BAT8001, a potent anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate with a novel stable linker for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-17-39.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Tang
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - X Deng
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Z Ou
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - J Gan
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Q Dong
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - B Tan
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - L Lu
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - B Chen
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - C Bao
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - S Li
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - B Thomas
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - J-C Yu
- Bio-Thera Solutions, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wolf DC, Gan J. Influence of rhamnolipid biosurfactant and Brij-35 synthetic surfactant on 14C-Pyrene mineralization in soil. Environ Pollut 2018; 243:1846-1853. [PMID: 30408872 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous contaminants in soil and are considered priority pollutants due to their carcinogenicity. Bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils is often limited by the low solubility and strong sorption of PAHs in soil. Synthetic surfactants and biosurfactants have been used to enhance the bioavailability of PAHs and to accelerate microbial degradation. However, few studies have compared synthetic and biosurfactants in their efficiency in promoting PAH biodegradation in either native or bioaugmented soils. In this study, we evaluated mineralization of 14C-pyrene in soils with or without the augmentation of Mycobacterium vanbaalenii PYR-1, and characterized the effect of Brij-35 (synthetic) and rhamnolipid biosurfactant at different amendment rates. Treatment of rhamnolipid biosurfactant at 140 or 1400 μg surfactant g-dry soil-1 rates resulted in a significantly longer lag period in 14C-pyrene mineralization in both native and bioaugmented soils. In contrast, amendment of Brij-35 generally increased 14C-pyrene degradation, and the greatest enhancement occurred at 21.6 or 216 μg surfactant g-dry soil-1 rates, which may be attributed to increased bioavailability. Brij-35 and rhamnolipid biosurfactant were found to be non-toxic to M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 at 10X CMC, thus indicating rhamnolipid biosurfactant likely served as a preferential carbon source to the degrading bacteria in place of 14C-pyrene, leading to delayed and inhibited 14C-pyrene degradation. Mineralization of 14C-pyrene by M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 was rapid in the unamended soils, and up to 60% of pyrene was mineralized to 14CO2 after 10 d in the unamended or Brij-35 surfactant-amended soils. Findings of this study suggest that application of surfactants may not always lead to enhanced PAH biodegradation or removal. If the surfactant is preferentially used as an easier carbon substrate than PAHs for soil microorganisms, it may actually inhibit PAH biodegradation. Selection of surfactant types is therefore crucial for the effectiveness of surfactant-aided bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Wolf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - J Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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Gan J, Wang Y, Zhou X. Stem cell transplantation for the treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4479-4492. [PMID: 30542397 PMCID: PMC6257425 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of stem cell (SC) transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has remained to be fully elucidated. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine the clinical outcomes. Electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, WanFang and the Cochrane Library were screened for relevant studies published until January 13, 2018. The references of retrieved papers, systematic reviews and trial registries were manually screened for additional papers. Two authors were involved in screening the titles in order to select eligible studies, extract data and assess the risk of bias. Studies were pooled using a random-effects model as well as the Begg's funnel plot and subgroup analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 software. A total of 47 studies were retrieved for detailed evaluation, of which 22 met the inclusion criteria. No substantial publication bias was identified. The meta-analysis revealed that SC therapy increased C-peptide levels when compared with placebo treatment in randomized-controlled trials [RCT; standardized mean difference (SMD), 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-1.63] and self-controlled trials (SMD, 0.66; 95% CI, -0.22 to 1.54). An analysis demonstrated that SC therapy was more efficient at reducing the glycated hemoglobin level compared with the control group in RCTs (SMD, 0.56; 95% CI; 0.06-1.06; and SMD, 1.63; 95% CI, 0.92-2.34, respectively). The graphs demonstrated that SC transplantation resulted in a reduction of insulin requirement. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed that patient age, medical history and the SC injection dose may be sources of the heterogeneity observed. The greatest benefit of SC transplantation was seen in patients aged ≥18 years or a medical history of <3 months. In addition, the SC injection dose of ≥107 IU/kg/day was more effective than <107 IU/kg/day when the cellular composition included mesenchymal SCs and hematopoietic SCs. In conclusion, SC therapy represents an efficient option for patients with T1DM. This systematic review was registered at the International prospective register of systematic reviews (no. 42018093930).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Gan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yingjin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) were considered as the most promising biomarkers in prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI), but the priority of them remains unclear. METHODS Databases of PubMed, Elsevier, Cochrane library, and Web of science were searched until August 23, 2017 for studies investigated the diagnostic value of urine NGAL (uNGAL) and urine IL-18 (uIL-18) for AKI in adults. Statistical analysis and investigation of heterogeneity source were using RevMan5.3, MetaDiSc1.40, and Stata14.0. RESULTS A total of 7 studies were included involving 2315 patients from 7 countries in this article, of whom 443 (19.1%) developed AKI. The present meta-analysis demonstrated that uNGAL was more valuable compare with uIL-18 with effect size of 1.09 (95% CI 1.03-1.15, P = .004) in specificity, but not in sensitivity with effect size of 1.12 (95% CI 0.98-1.29, P = .104). Subgroup analysis presented that research design may be a foundation affecting the diagnostic accuracy of uNGAL and uIL-18 for AKI. No substantial publication bias was found. CONCLUSIONS uNGAL is more specific for prediction of AKI in adults as compared with uIL-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Gan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
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Gan J, Liu S, Zhou L, Wang Y, Guo J, Huang C. Effect of Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation Pretreatment on the Long-Term Bond Strength of Etch-and-Rinse Adhesive to Dentin. Oper Dent 2018; 42:62-72. [PMID: 27689772 DOI: 10.2341/15-268-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser irradiation pretreatment on the long-term bond strength of an etch-and-rinse adhesive to dentin. METHODS Fifty molars were sectioned parallel to the occlusal plane and randomly divided into two groups (n=25 per group): control group (no treatment) and laser group (dentin surfaces were treated with Nd:YAG laser at a setting of 100 mJ/10 Hz). Afterward, resin was bonded to the dentin surface using a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Adper SingleBond 2), and then 150 beams of each group were produced. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n=50 each group): 24 hours of water storage, thermocycling, and NaOCl storage. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS), failure modes, nanoleakage expression, and Masson's trichrome staining were evaluated. An additional 20 molars were sectioned to obtain 2-mm-thick flat dentin slices. These slices were randomly divided into control and laser-treated groups as mentioned previously. Then slices of each group were examined by scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the Knoop hardness test. RESULTS The results of ATR-FTIR and Masson's trichrome verified that laser irradiation partly removed collagen fibers from the dentin surface; however, no significant difference was found in the Knoop hardness (p>0.05). The XRD result showed similar crystalline structure regardless of laser pretreatment. There is no significant difference in short-term MTBS between control and laser-treated groups (p>0.05); however, long-term MTBS differed between the groups (p>0.05). Furthermore, the laser-treated group showed less silver deposition than the control group after aging (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Pretreatment by Nd:YAG laser irradiation appeared to have a positive effect on the adhesive-dentin bonding in vitro test, and the bonding effectiveness could be preserved after aging.
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Zhao Q, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Lin W, Li C, Guan X, Tan T, Yang C, Cheng H, Gan J, Feng Z, Peng M, Yang Z, Xu S. Stable actively Q-switched single-frequency fiber laser at 1.5 μm based on self-injecting polarization modulation. Opt Express 2018; 26:17000-17008. [PMID: 30119516 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.017000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A new technique for the realization of a stable Q-switched operation in a single-frequency fiber laser based on self-injecting polarization modulation is demonstrated, for the first time to the best of our knowledge. A piezoelectric fiber stretcher was utilized to introduce periodic stress-induced polarization changes. Then the modulation of polarization state transformed into Q switching by virtue of a designed distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) resonant cavity with polarizations loss anisotropy. Finally, a stable actively Q-switched single-frequency fiber laser at 1.5 μm with Gaussian-shape pulse output was achieved. We experimentally found that, the repetition frequency (several hundred kHz) coincided with the working frequency of the polarization modulation, and the pulse width (several hundred ns) reduced with the increasing of the modulating frequency, the modulating amplitude, as well as the pump power. This stable Q-switched single-frequency fiber laser is promising for applications in optical time-domain reflectometry, coherent Doppler wind radar, and optical coherent detection. More importantly, this novel Q-switched technology may be applicable to other DBR single-frequency fiber lasers.
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Vale C, Gan J, McKenzie S, Wong Y, Rheault H, Laher S, Dashwood A. Early Real-World Experience of Tolerability and Titration Rates of Angiotensin-Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rheault H, Gan J, McKenzie S, Wong Y. Combining Forces: Nurse Practitioner and Clinical Pharmacist Led Heart Failure Clinic and its Impact on Titration Rates and Hospital Readmission. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gardner SD, Kim J, Baptiste-Brown S, Lopez V, Hamatake R, Gan J, Edwards S, Elko-Simms L, Dumont EF, Leivers M, Hong Z, Paff MT. GSK2878175, a pan-genotypic non-nucleoside NS5B polymerase inhibitor, in healthy and treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis C subjects. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:19-27. [PMID: 28692182 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
GSK2878175 is a potent, pan-genotypic, non-nucleoside, nonstructural protein 5B palm polymerase inhibitor being developed for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). A first-in-human, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose escalation study, evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of GSK2878175 administered as single and repeat oral doses (once daily for 14 days) to healthy volunteers. A separate proof-of-concept, placebo-controlled, repeat dose (once daily for 2 days) study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics and antiviral activity of GSK2878175 monotherapy in treatment-naïve, noncirrhotic, subjects with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 [1a and 1b], 2, or 3. No deaths or SAEs were reported in either study, and treatment was well-tolerated. Across all the HCV genotypes, GSK2878175 monotherapy at doses of 10, 30 or 60 mg once daily for 2 days produced a statistically significant multilog reduction (P<.001) in plasma HCV RNA log10 IU/mL from Baseline to 24, 48 and 72 hours after the first dose of GSK2878175 compared to placebo. The reduction in HCV RNA was sustained for a prolonged period across all of the active treatment groups, consistent with the long apparent half-life of GSK2878175 that was observed (mean t1/2 range: 60-63 hours in the CHC subjects). In summary, GSK2878175, when administered to healthy subjects and subjects with CHC, did not reveal any safety concerns that would limit or preclude further clinical development. GSK2878175 monotherapy across a wide dose range produced substantial reduction in HCV RNA, irrespective of HCV genotype. The results from these studies support further evaluation of GSK2878175-based regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Gardner
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - J Kim
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - S Baptiste-Brown
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - V Lopez
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - R Hamatake
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - J Gan
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - S Edwards
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - L Elko-Simms
- Pharmaceutical Product Development, Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - E F Dumont
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - M Leivers
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Z Hong
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - M T Paff
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Jensen IJT, Gorantla S, Løvvik OM, Gan J, Nguyen PD, Monakhov E, Svensson BG, Gunnæs AE, Diplas S. Interface phenomena in magnetron sputtered Cu 2O/ZnO heterostructures. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:435002. [PMID: 28829336 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa8799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The interface between ZnO and Cu2O has been predicted to be a good candidate for use in thin film solar cells. However, the high predicted conversion efficiency has yet to be fully realized experimentally. To explore the underlying causes of this we investigate the interface between ZnO and Cu2O in magnetron sputtered samples. Two different sample geometries were made: In the first set thin layers of ZnO were deposited on Cu2O (type A), while in the second set the order was reversed (type B). Using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), an intermediate CuO layer was identified regardless of the order in which the Cu2O and ZnO layers were deposited. The presence of a CuO layer was supported by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results. Changes in the electron hole screening conditions were observed in CuO near the interface with ZnO, manifested as changes in the relative peak-to-satellite ratio and the degree of asymmetric broadness in the Cu 2p peak. The suppression of the Cu 2p satellite characteristic of CuO may cause the CuO presence to be overlooked and cause errors in determinations of valence band offsets (VBOs). For the type A samples, we compare four different approaches to XPS-based determination of VBO and find that the most reliable results are obtained when the thin CuO layer and the altered screening conditions at the interface were taken into account. The VBOs were found to range between 2.5 eV and 2.8 eV. For the B type samples a reduction of the Cu 2p-LMM Auger parameter was found as compared to bulk Cu2O, indicative of quantum confinement in the Cu2O overlayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J T Jensen
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, P/O box 124 Blindern, 0314 Oslo, Norway
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Pei DD, Liu SY, Yang HY, Gan J, Huang C. [Effect of a nano hydroxyapatite desensitizing paste application on dentin bond strength of three self-etch adhesive systems]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 52:278-282. [PMID: 28482442 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate a nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) desensitizing paste application on the bond strength of three self-etch adhesives. Methods: Three dentin specimens of about 1 mm thick were cut from two teeth. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the dentin surfaces without treatment, after citric acid treatment and after nano-HA treatment. Thirty-six intact third molars extracted for surgical reasons were cut to remove the occlusal enamel with isomet, and then were etched with 1% citric acid for 20 s to simulate the sensitive dentin and divided into two groups randomly using a table of random numbers (n=18): the control group (no treatment) and the HA treated group (with nano-HA paste treatment). Each group was divided into three subgroups randomly using a table of random numbers (n=6). Subgroup A, B and C was bonded with G-Bond, Clearfil S(3) Bond and FL-Bond Ⅱ according to the manufacture's instruction separately. At 24 h after bonding procedure, and after water storage for 6 months, microtensile bond strength of the specimens was tested and the failure mode was analyzed. Results: SEM obeservation showed that citric acid could open the dentin tubules to set up the sensitive dentin model, and the nano-HA could occlude the dentin tubules effectively. For subgroup A, bonding strength of specimens treated with nano-HA ([41.14±8.91] MPa) was significantly high than that of the control group ([34.27±6.16] MPa) at 24 h after bonding procedure (P<0.05). However, after 6 month water ageing, the bonding strength of the control group and the HA treated group showed no significant difference (P>0.05). For subgroup B, specimens with nano-HA application showed lower bonding strength ([30.87±6.41] MPa) than that of the control group ([36.73±5.82] MPa) at 24 h after bonding procedure (P<0.05), and after 6 month water ageing, the bond strength of nano-HA application ([25.73±6.99] MPa) was also lower than that of the control group ([32.33±5.08] MPa) (P<0.05). For subgroup C, the bond strength of the control group and the HA treated group have no significant difference either before or after 6 month water ageing (P>0.05). Failure mode analysis showed that more than half of the samples in all groups were adhesive failure. Conclusions: Nano-HA treatment decreased the bond strength of subgroup B, while had no adverse effect on subgroup A and subgroup C.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Pei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - S Y Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - H Y Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Gan
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - C Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Luo R, Wang J, Zhong H, Gan J, Hu P, Shen L, Hu W, Zhang Z. OC-0160: Radiomics Features Harmonization for CT and CBCT in Rectal Cancer. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)30603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- T. R. Allen
- University of Wisconsin 1500 Engineering Drive Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - J. Gan
- Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois
| | - J. I. Cole
- Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, Illinois
| | - S. Ukai
- Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - S. Thevuthasan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, Washington
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He H, Gan J, Qi H. Assessing extensive cardiac echography examination for detecting foetal congenital heart defects during early and late gestation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Cardiol 2017; 71:699-708. [PMID: 27920458 DOI: 10.2143/ac.71.6.3178189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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