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Abstract
Eponyms are a means of honoring individuals who have made lasting contributions to medicine. Eponyms are frequently encountered in the field of radiology, especially radiology of the digestive tract. However, the use of eponyms may fail to convey a precise meaning or definition and could result in miscommunication. Furthermore, in some instances, more than one individual may have contributed to the discovery or description of a particular structure or disease, whereas in others, an eponym may have been incorrectly applied and then propagated for years thereafter in the medical literature. Still, eponyms are a means of honoring those who have made important discoveries and observations, and familiarity with these terms is important for proper reporting and accurate communication. Moreover, the acquisition of some historical knowledge about the individuals whose names are associated with various structures or diseases helps restore some humanity to the science of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey P Kanne
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Box 357115, 1959 NE Pacific, Seattle, WA 98195-7115, USA
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3
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Abstract
Eponyms serve as a means of honoring individuals who have made important discoveries and observations. Eponyms are frequently encountered in the field of radiology, particularly in radiology of the digestive tract. However, the use of eponyms may fail to convey a precise meaning or definition and could lead to miscommunication. Moreover, in some instances, more than one individual may have contributed to the discovery or description of a particular anatomic structure or disease, whereas in others, an eponym may have been incorrectly applied initially and propagated for years in the medical literature. Nevertheless, radiologic eponyms are a means of honoring those who have made lasting contributions to the field of radiology, and familiarity with these eponyms is important for proper reporting and accurate communication. In addition, the acquisition of some historical knowledge about those whose names are associated with various structures or pathologic conditions brings some humanity back into the science of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey P Kanne
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Box 357115, 1959 NE Pacific, Seattle, WA 98195-7115, USA
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4
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Brogdon BG, Lichtenstein JE. Forensic radiology in historical perspective. Crit Rev Diagn Imaging 2000; 41:13-42. [PMID: 10710697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Chezmar JL, Balfe DM, De Lange EE, Lichtenstein JE, Torres WE. Abdominal-gastrointestinal radiology. Radiology 1995; 194:601-2. [PMID: 7824747 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.194.2.7824747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J L Chezmar
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Pantongrag-Brown L, Buetow PC, Carr NJ, Lichtenstein JE, Buck JL. Calcification and fibrosis in mesenteric carcinoid tumor: CT findings and pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995; 164:387-91. [PMID: 7839976 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.164.2.7839976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were to determine the frequency and characteristics of calcification and fibrosis in mesenteric carcinoid tumor as seen on CT scans and to evaluate their possible role in diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CT findings in 29 cases of proved mesenteric carcinoid tumor were analyzed retrospectively. Tumors were assessed for size, margin, density, radiating strands, calcification, and associated thickening of the small-bowel wall. Matching histologic sections were available for 21 of the cases. They were reviewed independently for histologic pattern, degree of fibrosis, degree of infiltration along neurovascular bundles, necrosis, lymph node architecture, and calcification or ossification within the mass. CT and pathologic findings were then assessed for possible relationships. RESULTS Calcification was detected by CT in 70% (21 of 30) of mesenteric masses. Three patterns of calcification were noted: small, stippled calcification (n = 11); coarse, dense calcification (n = 7); and diffuse calcification (n = 3). All calcification was localized within areas of poorly cellular mature fibrous tissue. The degree of radiating strands detected by CT tended to increase with the degree of fibrosis seen histopathologically (p = .06). CONCLUSION Calcification in mesenteric carcinoid tumors was observed by CT in most cases of this series. The triad of a calcified mesenteric mass, radiating strands, and adjacent bowel-wall thickening should be considered highly suggestive of carcinoid tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pantongrag-Brown
- Department of Radiologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000
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Balfe DM, Baker ME, Chezmar JL, de Lange EE, Lichtenstein JE, Nelson RC, Ros PR. Abdominal-gastrointestinal radiology. Radiology 1994; 190:597-8. [PMID: 8284425 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.190.2.8284425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D M Balfe
- Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
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Lichtenstein JE. INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS OF THE STOMACH AND DUODENUM. Radiol Clin North Am 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0033-8389(22)00322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Lichtenstein JE. Inflammatory conditions of the stomach and duodenum. Radiol Clin North Am 1993; 31:1315-33. [PMID: 8210352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Upper gastrointestinal inflammatory processes are exceedingly common and have a wide spectrum of causes and manifestations. The broad category of acid-peptic disease incorporates the most common and important conditions. Concepts of pathophysiology of gastritis and duodenitis and their relationship to ulcers and neoplasm continue to evolve. The role of infection, especially H. pylori, remains under intense investigation. The spectrum of gastroduodenal inflammation in the immunocompromised host continues to expand and becomes increasingly important. A variety of granulomatous processes, both infectious and idiopathic, involve the upper gastrointestinal tract in overlapping patterns. Although investigation of ulcers and syphilis occupied the attention of the earliest gastrointestinal radiologists, related problems continue to challenge today's radiologic imagers, clinicians, and investigators.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Lichtenstein
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio
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Abstract
Syphilis, a venereal infection caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum, has long been considered a primary public health concern in the United States. With the onset of the antibiotic era, the prevalence of the disease dramatically plummeted, as did interest in its radiologic manifestations. Rolfs and Nakashima [1] have shown that the prevalence of primary and secondary syphilis increased 34% from 1981 to 1989, to its highest level since 1949. Given this dramatic increase, classic manifestations of syphilis may warrant renewed attention. In its secondary and tertiary stages, syphilis can cause a wide range of gastric lesions that can mimic many other entities, from gastritis or benign ulcer disease to gastric carcinoma. Indeed, the acute gastritis of early secondary syphilis produces the earliest radiologically detectable signs of the disease. Cases of gastric syphilis submitted to the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and cases drawn from the University of Cincinnati teaching file are used to illustrate the varied findings in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Jones
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Cincinnati Hospitals, OH 45267
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11
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Abstract
The Peutz-Jeghers polyp is an unusual type of hamartomatous polyp; its characteristic feature is a smooth muscle core arising from the muscularis mucosae and extending into the polyp. Peutz-Jeghers polyps vary in size and shape; are found in the stomach, small bowel, and colon; and are usually multiple. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is an inherited condition that often remains undiagnosed until after the polyps are identified, despite mucocutaneous pigmented lesions on the lips and mouth of children or young adults. In the past, standard therapy involved removal of the polyps that produced intussusception, but now endoscopic removal of all polyps is recommended. The polyps are not premalignant, but a definite association exists between Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and gastrointestinal carcinoma. Evidence shows that the syndrome is associated with an increased risk of extraintestinal malignancy, especially carcinomas of the pancreas, breast, and reproductive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Buck
- Department of Radiologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000
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Balfe DM, Chezmar J, Koehler RE, Lichtenstein JE, Nelson R. Abdominal-gastrointestinal radiology. Radiology 1991; 178:911-3. [PMID: 1994450 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.178.3.1994450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Renner WR, Johnson JF, Lichtenstein JE, Kirks DR. Esophageal inflammation and stricture: complication of chronic granulomatous disease of childhood. Radiology 1991; 178:189-91. [PMID: 1984302 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.178.1.1984302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Esophagitis in children with immunodeficiency is most commonly due to opportunistic infection. The authors describe three patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) of childhood who developed esophageal strictures that were believed to be complications of the primary disease. At radiologic examination, all three patients initially had a focal narrowing of the upper thoracic esophagus. Endoscopy showed no signs of opportunistic infection or Barrett esophagus. Biopsy of the strictures in two patients revealed findings consistent with CGD. In two of the three patients, inflammation extended to involve the middle and distal esophagus. Long-term response to balloon dilation was poor in the first two patients. The third patient was lost to follow-up after a partial clinical and radiographic response to dilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Renner
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH
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Wells GA, Lichtenstein JE, Moulton JS. Benign cecal villous adenoma presenting as a bladder mass. Gastrointest Radiol 1989; 14:176-8. [PMID: 2707545 DOI: 10.1007/bf01889189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Involvement of contiguous organs by a neoplasm is ordinarily evidence of aggressive malignant behavior. A patient presented with a bladder mass found to be arising in the cecum and diagnosed as a benign villous adenoma. Growth down a diseased appendix is proposed to explain the apparent extension of a relatively nonaggressive lesion into an adjacent organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Wells
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati Hospitals, Ohio
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Mulligan ME, McCarthy MJ, Wippold FJ, Lichtenstein JE, Wagner GN. Radiologic evaluation of mass casualty victims: lessons from the Gander, Newfoundland, accident. Radiology 1988; 168:229-33. [PMID: 3380965 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.168.1.3380965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the use of radiologic methods in the identification of 256 bodies after the crash of an airliner in Gander, Newfoundland. Two hundred thirty-one (90%) of the victims were identified positively with dental and/or fingerprint comparisons. Radiologic data confirmed identification in 29 of these victims. Seventeen bodies without dental or fingerprint identification were presumptively identified with a variety of data, which included radiologic characteristics in four cases. Eight bodies were identified with an exclusion matrix. Radiologic input was critical in two of these. The procedures described provide practical information for radiologists in a mass casualty disaster investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Mulligan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Lichtenstein
- Department of Radiologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306
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Abstract
Colonic varices are a rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, with approximately 40 cases reported in the literature. Portal hypertension is by far the most common cause of colonic varices, with local mesenteric vein obstruction constituting a very rare cause. We present a case of colonic varices not associated with portal hypertension but secondary to prior sigmoid resection and inferior mesenteric vein occlusion.
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Abstract
Fifty cases of hepatoblastoma were reviewed. Virtually all patients were infants or young children with hepatomegaly or a mass. Calcification seen on 11 of 20 radiographs was often in a pattern of small chunks, and eight of these correlated with osteoid formation in histologically mixed hepatoblastomas. Angiography generally showed tumor vascularity, sometimes with a spoke-wheel pattern. Suggestion of tumor nodularity or lobulation on sonography or computed tomography (CT) correlated with the gross appearance. The tumor was usually echogenic and occasionally had small hypoechoic or anechoic areas representing necrosis or hemorrhage. On CT it was usually hypodense, with minimal if any enhancement. The calcification pattern and demonstration of tumor lobulation with septation may help differentiate hepatoblastoma from other liver neoplasms in infants and children under 5 years of age.
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Dachman AH, Nichols JB, Patrick DH, Lichtenstein JE. Natural history of the obstructed rabbit appendix: observations with radiography, sonography, and CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1987; 148:281-4. [PMID: 3541546 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.148.2.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic (1-3 months' duration) appendiceal obstruction was induced in 11 rabbits to assess the pathologic consequences and to study the associated radiologic, sonographic, and CT findings. Three pathologic/radiologic groups resulted with approximately equal frequency. In group A, the abscess was characterized by inflammatory cells in the lumen and wall of the appendix without mucin production. Calcification was shown radiographically, and sonography showed an anechoic or complex pattern. Group B, the "mixed response," was characterized by an intact hyperplastic mucosa, mucin secretion, and inflammatory debris in the lumen. Occasional calcification was present radiographically, and sonography showed a complex or hypoechoic pattern. In group C, true mucoceles had an intact hyperplastic mucosa, a mucin-filled lumen, and minimal inflammation. These were anechoic on sonography except for mobile foci of inflammatory debris. Chronic obstruction of the appendix results in a spectrum of pathologic responses with varying degrees of either inflammation and mucosal destruction or mucosal hyperplasia and mucin secretion. An abscess results when infection overwhelms the host's inflammatory responses. If the bacteria are destroyed by these defenses, a mucocele forms. An intermediate situation occurs when there is a mixed response with chronic inflammatory changes and an intact mucosa. This finding supports the existence of chronic appendicitis in humans.
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Lichtenstein JE. Radiologic-pathologic correlation of inflammatory bowel disease. Radiol Clin North Am 1987; 25:3-24. [PMID: 3823393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The various inflammatory bowel diseases produce a wide spectrum of mucosal and bowel wall changes. No one radiolographic sign, or even combination of signs, is completely pathognomonic. A consideration of the pathophysiology responsible for the radiographic findings is helpful as an aid to understanding and to limit reliance upon matching of nonspecific signs with specific diagnosis. Patterns of mucosal ulceration, polyp formation, and strictures in the common superficial and transmural inflammatory diseases are emphasized.
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Lichtenstein JE. Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Radiol Clin North Am 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0033-8389(22)02211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dachman AH, Ros PR, Murari PJ, Olmsted WW, Lichtenstein JE. Nonparasitic splenic cysts: a report of 52 cases with radiologic-pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986; 147:537-42. [PMID: 3526842 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.147.3.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed 52 cases of splenic cysts on file at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. There were 24 true (epidermoid) and 28 false (posttraumatic) cysts. The history and clinical presentations, including pain, splenomegaly, or mass, were similar in both groups. Radiologic manifestations included splenomegaly and the occasional identification of a distinct mass by conventional radiography even in the absence of calcification. The lesions produced a photopenic defect on nuclear scintigraphy and were avascular on angiography. Sonography and CT demonstrated a cystic lesion with occasional septations, wall trabeculation, and low-level internal echoes. Three false cysts demonstrated solid and cystic components on sonography and CT, corresponding to organizing hematoma within the cyst. Splenomegaly or a splenic mass of a predominantly cystic nature with no clinical evidence of echinococcus suggests the diagnosis of splenic cyst. Reliable radiologic distinction between true or false splenic cyst does not seem possible. Complex mass may represent a "transition" between hematoma and false splenic cyst.
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Ros PR, Goodman ZD, Ishak KG, Dachman AH, Olmsted WW, Hartman DS, Lichtenstein JE. Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiology 1986; 158:619-24. [PMID: 3511498 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.158.3.3511498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver (MHL) is an uncommon cystic mass of infancy that is a developmental anomaly rather than a neoplasm. Fourteen cases of MHL were retrospectively reviewed. Grossly, MHL is a solitary mass with cystic spaces of variable size. Patients are seen initially with painless progressive abdominal enlargement. On plain films, MHL appears as a large, noncalcified mass in the right upper quadrant. Scintigraphy is helpful in confirming its hepatic origin. Ultrasonography and computed tomography demonstrate a large multiloculated mass with considerable variation in the size of septa and cystic spaces. Angiographically, MHL is avascular or hypovascular. Recognition of these radiographic findings allows a correct diagnosis to be made in many cases. With resection, the prognosis is excellent.
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Abstract
Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has recently been separated as a distinct clinicopathologic entity with a better prognosis than the usual HCC associated with cirrhosis. The mean age of our 17 patients was 20 years. Alpha fetoprotein levels were normal, and none of the risk factors for HCC was present. Distinctive histologic features included deeply eosinophilic polygonal hepatocytes and abundant fibrous stroma. Calcification was present on plain films of five of 13 cases. Sonography usually showed a homogeneous, echogenic mass. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated small, central calcification in four of ten cases. A central echodensity, hypodense on CT scans, was seen in two cases and corresponded to a central scar. By combining clinical and laboratory data with radiologic tests, a correct diagnosis can often be suggested before biopsy is performed.
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Abstract
Mucocele of the appendix is a descriptive term for an abnormal mucous accumulation distending the appendiceal lumen. Pseudomyxoma peritonei is characterized by mucinous ascites and implants throughout the abdominal cavity. Thirty-four cases of appendiceal mucocele and seven cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei of appendiceal origin on file at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology were reviewed for their clinical, pathologic, and radiologic findings. These cases provided examples of the major radiologic findings reported in this entity. Previously unreported findings of dependent echoes within some mucoceles on sonography and pseudomyxoma peritonei tracking along the umbilical vein remnant or mimicking an intrahepatic mass are presented.
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Abstract
Solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas is an uncommon low grade malignant tumor histologically distinct from the usual ductal adenocarcinoma and amenable to cure by surgical excision. It tends to occur in black women in their second or third decade of life and has often been misclassified as nonfunctional islet cell tumor or as cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma. Twelve cases were reviewed. Sonography and CT of solid and papillary epithelial neoplasms depict a well-demarcated mass that can be solid, mixed cystic and solid, or largely cystic. The radiologic appearance is dependent on the maintenance of the integrity of the neoplasm versus the extent of retrogressive changes that have occurred.
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Olmsted WW, Lichtenstein JE. A pathophysiologic approach to nontumorous small-bowel disease. Mt Sinai J Med 1984; 51:360-7. [PMID: 6333593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Abstract
Microcystic adenomas and mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas have often been described interchangeably (cystadenoma, cystadenocarcinoma), causing confusion with respect to their radiographic characteristics. The former are composed of innumerable tiny cysts and are benign, whereas the latter contain large, unilocular or multilocular cysts, sometimes with shaggy excrescences, and are either frankly or potentially malignant. Microcystic adenomas are angiographically hypervascular and may have central calcification. Sonographically, they have a mixed hypoechoic and echogenic pattern, while CT numbers reflect a mixture of connective tissue and proteinaceous fluid and contrast enhancement is seen. Mucinous cystic neoplasms are hypovascular and may have peripheral calcification; ultrasound and CT reflect their predominantly cystic character and demonstrate excrescences when present.
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Dachman AH, Lichtenstein JE, Friedman AC, Hartman DS. Infantile hemangioendothelioma of the liver: a radiologic-pathologic-clinical correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1983; 140:1091-6. [PMID: 6602472 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.140.6.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Abstract
Polypoid epithelial malignancies of the esophagus are rare tumors. One hundred fifty cases of epithelial malignancy of the esophagus accessioned to the Registry of Radiologic Pathology at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology were reviewed with respect to morphologic and pathologic characteristics. Only large intraluminal polypoid epithelial masses were analyzed. Criteria used to select cases were: (1) size greater than 4 cm, (2) expansion of the esophageal lumen by the bulky tumor, and (3) absence of constriction or wall infiltration. Twenty-two lesions met these criteria (15 spindle cell carcinomas, two carcinosarcomas, three squamous cell carcinomas, and two oat cell carcinomas). When an esophageal neoplasm is polypoid and bulky, creates a "cupola" effect, has scalloped edges, expands the lumen of the esophagus, and is pedunculated, one must consider spindle cell carcinoma as the primary diagnosis.
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Abstract
Cholesterolosis and adenomyomatosis, two diseases of the gallbladder that are unrelated to cholelithiasis or cholecystitis, are detected on oral cholecystograms with considerable frequency. These disorders are of uncertain etiology, and it is also unclear if they cause clinical symptoms. Cholesterolosis is the result of the accumulation of triglycerides and esterified sterols in macrophages in the lamina propria. The abnormality is unassociated with cholesterol gallstones, supersaturation of bile with cholesterol, hyperlipidemia, obesity, or atherosclerosis. Adenomyomatosis involves hyperplasia of the tissues of the gallbladder wall with outpouches of the mucosa similar to diverticula of the colon. In this report, the pathology, etiology, clinical and radiologic features, and treatment of these two entities are reviewed.
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Madewell JE, Goldman SM, Davis CJ, Hartman DS, Feigin DS, Lichtenstein JE. Multilocular cystic nephroma: a radiographic-pathologic correlation of 58 patients. Radiology 1983; 146:309-21. [PMID: 6294736 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.146.2.6294736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Clinical radiographic, and pathologic findings of multilocular cystic nephroma (MLCN) in 58 patients are presented. The lesion that affects predominantly boys in childhood and women in adulthood is usually solitary but rarely can be multiple, and it commonly occurs as an asymptomatic mass, occasionally with hematuria. Tumors may grow slowly over years or rapidly within months. A mass that is usually identified on plain radiographs occasionally has curvilinear calcification. Excretory urography and retrograde pyelography are helpful when pelvic herniation of the tumor is recognized, or when septae are noted with total body opacification. Angiography showed an avascular mass (six lesions), a hypovascular mass (14 lesions), or a hypervascular mass three lesions). Ultrasonography is helpful when multiple circumscribed sonolucent areas are identified. Similarly, a multilocular mass with septae is usually identified by computed tomography (six of seven cases). Our findings and a review of the literature indicate that this lesion is a neoplasm that can be strongly suspected preoperatively if pelvic herniation or a multilocular pattern is noted on imaging studies.
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Lichtenstein JE, Madewell JE. Role of radiology in the study and identification of casualty victims. Radiologe 1982; 22:352-7. [PMID: 7134415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Radiology is assuming an increasingly important role in the investigation of casualty victims. Radiographic screening for foreign bodies, personal effects, dental and surgical artifacts and occult skeletal injury has long been an established technique in forensic medicine. Positive radiographic identification of the victims by comparison with antemortem films and records is a more recent, important development. Large scale radiographic investigations may require improvised facilities posing unaccustomed technical and logistical problems. Radiologic experience gained from aviation accident investigation is found to apply in other casualty situations as well as in individual fatality investigations. Radiologic data may aid determination of the cause of incidents, resulting in improved safety procedures and design, as well as serving humanitarian and forensic functions.
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Abstract
Gastric antral webs in adults have been considered to be either congenital or acquired lesions. We present the first radiographically documented progression from a normal antrum to the development of an antral ulcer followed by healing with web formation. In a single study we feel that irregularity of the web and deformity or eccentricity of the antrum favor an acquired rather than a congenital web. Obtaining prior radiographs as well as follow-up examinations may be the only way to prove association with peptic disease.
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Hartman DS, Lesar MS, Madewell JE, Lichtenstein JE, Davis CJ. Mesoblastic nephroma: radiologic-pathologic correlation of 20 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1981; 136:69-74. [PMID: 6257095 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.136.1.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The mesoblastic nephroma is a benign renal tumor that usually appears as a neonatal abdominal mass. The tumor is composed of connective tissue that grows between nephrons and usually replaces most of the renal parenchyma. Radiographic and sonographic images reflect this cellular composition and unique growth pattern. The radiographs of 20 cases of mesoblastic nephroma were correlated with their pathologic findings and are described. Urograms usually demonstrate an intrarenal mass two to seven times larger than the contralateral kidney. Contrast medium is occasionally demonstrated within the tumor and may represent function by nephrons trapped within the mesoblastic nephroma. Sonographic studies correlate well with the gross morphology and may be useful in establishing the relation of the tumor to the kidney. Some neovascularity is present on angiographic examination and most tumors are hypervascular. Prognosis after complete excision is excellent and adjunctive therapy is unnecessary.
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Lichtenstein JE, Madewell JE, McMeekin RR, Feigin DS, Wolcott JH. Role of radiology in aviation accident investigation. Aviat Space Environ Med 1980; 51:1004-14. [PMID: 7417169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Radiographic screening of fatality victims for skeletal detail, dental and surgical artifacts, personal effects, and foreign bodies is of established value. Radiography as the primary means of positive victim identification, through comparison with antemortem films and records, is an important new role. Data on sources of injury and relationships between victims and the crash environment may be derived from radiographic injury patterns and may be correlated with mechanisms of injury production. The result of such analysis is improved safety design. Such radiography poses unique technical and logistical problems, often involving temporary or remote facilities, which must be solved with consideration for privacy and safety. Advance planning is essential for maximum benefit from radiographic investigation.
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Abstract
Malacoplakia is a rare inflammatory disease which usually involves the bladder and only rarely affects the renal parenchyma. The clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings in 5 cases of renal parenchymal malacoplakia (RPM) are presented and 30 cases from the literature are reviewed. Most patients are middle-aged women with E. coli pyelonephritis. Radiographically, two patterns of involvement are recognized: multifocal and unifocal. The prognosis depends on the pattern and extent of RPM; long-term survival is possible with appropriate therapy.
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Faer MJ, Lynch RD, Lichtenstein JE, Madewell JE, Felgin DS. Traumatic Splenic Cyst. Radiology 1980. [DOI: 10.1148/radiology.134.2.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Faer MJ, Lynch RD, Lichtenstein JE, Madewell JE, Feigin DS. Traumatic splenic cyst: radiologic-pathologic correlation from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Radiology 1980; 134:371-6. [PMID: 7352216 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.134.2.7352216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic splenic cyst is one of many diagnostic choices when a mass is found in the left upper quadrant. In the appropriate clinical setting, demonstration of an intrasplenic, unilocular, avascular, homogeneous, fluid-filled mass with a smooth, sharply marginated wall should suggest a splenic cyst. On pathological examination, an epithelial lining implies a developmental origin. More commonly, no such lining is found and old trauma is assumed to be the etiology.
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Abstract
The collar button-shaped ulcer is a distinctive radiographic manifestation of inflammatory disease of the GI tract. Its hallmark is mucosal ulceration with undermining submucosal extension limited by the relatively resistant underlying muscle wall. Such a process is commonly associated with ulcerative colitis where it may be seen diffusely in advanced stages of the acute disease. Occasionally, however, it may be seen in any ulcerating inflammatory disease. In the more aggressive transmural diseases, it is likely to be a localized and transient phenomenon. The same pathophysiological mechanism gives rise to the common appearance of benign ulceration anywhere in the GI tract and, particularly, in the undermined gastric ulcer.
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Allman RM, Cavanagh RC, Helwig EB, Lichtenstein JE. Radiologic-pathologic correlation from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Inflammatory fibroid polyp. Radiology 1978; 127:69-73. [PMID: 635208 DOI: 10.1148/127.1.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory fibroid polyp of the stomach, sometimes called eosinophilic granuloma, is a relatively uncommon lesion usually presenting a solitary, benign-appearing filling defect. The differential diagnoses include polypoid adenocarcinoma, hyperplastic mucosal polyp, adenoma, leiomyoma, epitheliod leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma, and aberrant pancreas. Although difficult to distinguish by gross morphologic features, the inflammatory fibroid polyp shows a distinctive inflammatory response of the mucosal stroma in which eosinophils may be prominent. It is unrelated to the eosinophilic granuloma of lung or bone.
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Tompkins RK, Kraft AR, Zimmerman E, Lichtenstein JE, Zollinger RM. Clinical and biochemical evidence of increased gallstone formation after complete vagotomy. Surgery 1972; 71:196-200. [PMID: 5061923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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