1
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Weij R, Sniderman JMK, Woodhead JD, Hellstrom JC, Brown JR, Drysdale RN, Reed E, Bourne S, Gordon J. Elevated Southern Hemisphere moisture availability during glacial periods. Nature 2024; 626:319-326. [PMID: 38326596 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06989-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Late Pleistocene ice-age climates are routinely characterized as having imposed moisture stress on low- to mid-latitude ecosystems1-5. This idea is largely based on fossil pollen evidence for widespread, low-biomass glacial vegetation, interpreted as indicating climatic dryness6. However, woody plant growth is inhibited under low atmospheric CO2 (refs. 7,8), so understanding glacial environments requires the development of new palaeoclimate indicators that are independent of vegetation9. Here we show that, contrary to expectations, during the past 350 kyr, peaks in southern Australian climatic moisture availability were largely confined to glacial periods, including the Last Glacial Maximum, whereas warm interglacials were relatively dry. By measuring the timing of speleothem growth in the Southern Hemisphere subtropics, which today has a predominantly negative annual moisture balance, we developed a record of climatic moisture availability that is independent of vegetation and extends through multiple glacial-interglacial cycles. Our results demonstrate that a cool-moist response is consistent across the austral subtropics and, in part, may result from reduced evaporation under cool glacial temperatures. Insofar as cold glacial environments in the Southern Hemisphere subtropics have been portrayed as uniformly arid3,10,11, our findings suggest that their characterization as evolutionary or physiological obstacles to movement and expansion of animal, plant and, potentially, human populations10 should be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieneke Weij
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Geological Sciences and the Human Evolution Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Western Cape, South Africa.
| | - J M Kale Sniderman
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jon D Woodhead
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John C Hellstrom
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Josephine R Brown
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Russell N Drysdale
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne, UMR CNRS, Université de Savoie-Mont, Chambéry, France
| | - Elizabeth Reed
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Museum, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Steven Bourne
- Limestone Coast Landscape Board, Mount Gambier, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jay Gordon
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- IEEFA, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Giuliani A, Drysdale RN, Woodhead JD, Planavsky NJ, Phillips D, Hergt J, Griffin WL, Oesch S, Dalton H, Davies GR. Perturbation of the deep-Earth carbon cycle in response to the Cambrian Explosion. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabj1325. [PMID: 35245120 PMCID: PMC8896790 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj1325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Earth's carbon cycle is strongly influenced by subduction of sedimentary material into the mantle. The composition of the sedimentary subduction flux has changed considerably over Earth's history, but the impact of these changes on the mantle carbon cycle is unclear. Here, we show that the carbon isotopes of kimberlite magmas record a fundamental change in their deep-mantle source compositions during the Phanerozoic Eon. The 13C/12C of kimberlites before ~250 Ma preserves typical mantle values, whereas younger kimberlites exhibit lower and more variable ratios-a switch coincident with a recognized surge in kimberlite magmatism. We attribute these changes to increased deep subduction of organic carbon with low 13C/12C following the Cambrian Explosion when organic carbon deposition in marine sediments increased significantly. These observations demonstrate that biogeochemical processes at Earth's surface have a profound influence on the deep mantle, revealing an integral link between the deep and shallow carbon cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Giuliani
- Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Clausiusstrasse 25, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Russell N. Drysdale
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Jon D. Woodhead
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Noah J. Planavsky
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - David Phillips
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Janet Hergt
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - William L. Griffin
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems (CCFS) and GEMOC, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109 New South Wales, Australia
| | - Senan Oesch
- Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Clausiusstrasse 25, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Hayden Dalton
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Gareth R. Davies
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
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3
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Paul B, Kysenius K, Hilton JB, Jones MWM, Hutchinson RW, Buchanan DD, Rosty C, Fryer F, Bush AI, Hergt JM, Woodhead JD, Bishop DP, Doble PA, Hill MM, Crouch PJ, Hare DJ. An integrated mass spectrometry imaging and digital pathology workflow for objective detection of colorectal tumours by unique atomic signatures. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10321-10333. [PMID: 34476052 PMCID: PMC8386113 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02237g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours are abnormal growths of cells that reproduce by redirecting essential nutrients and resources from surrounding tissue. Changes to cell metabolism that trigger the growth of tumours are reflected in subtle differences between the chemical composition of healthy and malignant cells. We used LA-ICP-MS imaging to investigate whether these chemical differences can be used to spatially identify tumours and support detection of primary colorectal tumours in anatomical pathology. First, we generated quantitative LA-ICP-MS images of three colorectal surgical resections with case-matched normal intestinal wall tissue and used this data in a Monte Carlo optimisation experiment to develop an algorithm that can classify pixels as tumour positive or negative. Blinded testing and interrogation of LA-ICP-MS images with micrographs of haematoxylin and eosin stained and Ki67 immunolabelled sections revealed Monte Carlo optimisation accurately identified primary tumour cells, as well as returning false positive pixels in areas of high cell proliferation. We analysed an additional 11 surgical resections of primary colorectal tumours and re-developed our image processing method to include a random forest regression machine learning model to correctly identify heterogenous tumours and exclude false positive pixels in images of non-malignant tissue. Our final model used over 1.6 billion calculations to correctly discern healthy cells from various types and stages of invasive colorectal tumours. The imaging mass spectrometry and data analysis methods described, developed in partnership with clinical cancer researchers, have the potential to further support cancer detection as part of a comprehensive digital pathology approach to cancer care through validation of a new chemical biomarker of tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Paul
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Kai Kysenius
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - James B Hilton
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Michael W M Jones
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland 4000 Australia
| | | | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital Melbourne Victoria 3000 Australia
| | - Christophe Rosty
- Envoi Pathology Brisbane Queensland 4000 Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4000 Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Fred Fryer
- Agilent Technologies Australia Mulgrave Victoria 3170 Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Janet M Hergt
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Jon D Woodhead
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - David P Bishop
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney Broadway NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Philip A Doble
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney Broadway NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Michelle M Hill
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Herston Qld 4006 Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston Queensland 4006 Australia
| | - Peter J Crouch
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney Broadway NSW 2007 Australia
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Monash eResearch Centre, Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia
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4
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Bajo P, Drysdale RN, Woodhead JD, Hellstrom JC, Hodell D, Ferretti P, Voelker AHL, Zanchetta G, Rodrigues T, Wolff E, Tyler J, Frisia S, Spötl C, Fallick AE. Persistent influence of obliquity on ice age terminations since the Middle Pleistocene transition. Science 2020; 367:1235-1239. [PMID: 32165584 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Radiometric dating of glacial terminations over the past 640,000 years suggests pacing by Earth's climatic precession, with each glacial-interglacial period spanning four or five cycles of ~20,000 years. However, the lack of firm age estimates for older Pleistocene terminations confounds attempts to test the persistence of precession forcing. We combine an Italian speleothem record anchored by a uranium-lead chronology with North Atlantic ocean data to show that the first two deglaciations of the so-called 100,000-year world are separated by two obliquity cycles, with each termination starting at the same high phase of obliquity, but at opposing phases of precession. An assessment of 11 radiometrically dated terminations spanning the past million years suggests that obliquity exerted a persistent influence on not only their initiation but also their duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Bajo
- School of Geography, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia.,Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia.,Croatian Geological Survey, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Russell N Drysdale
- School of Geography, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia. .,Laboratoire EDYTEM-UMR5204, Université de Savoie Mont Blanc, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France
| | - Jon D Woodhead
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - John C Hellstrom
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - David Hodell
- Godwin Laboratory for Palaeoclimate Research, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - Patrizia Ferretti
- Istituto per la Dinamica dei Processi Ambientali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IDPA-CNR), Venice 30172, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Ca' Foscari, Venice 30172, Italy
| | - Antje H L Voelker
- Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Divisão de Geologia e Georecursos Marinhos, 1495-165 Alges, Portugal.,Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of the Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | | | - Teresa Rodrigues
- Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Divisão de Geologia e Georecursos Marinhos, 1495-165 Alges, Portugal.,Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of the Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Eric Wolff
- Godwin Laboratory for Palaeoclimate Research, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - Jonathan Tyler
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Silvia Frisia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Christoph Spötl
- Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anthony E Fallick
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride G75 0QF, Scotland, UK
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5
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Paul B, Hare DJ, Bishop DP, Paton C, Nguyen VT, Cole N, Niedwiecki MM, Andreozzi E, Vais A, Billings JL, Bray L, Bush AI, McColl G, Roberts BR, Adlard PA, Finkelstein DI, Hellstrom J, Hergt JM, Woodhead JD, Doble PA. Correction: Visualising mouse neuroanatomy and function by metal distribution using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry imaging. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6576. [PMID: 30123458 PMCID: PMC6063195 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc90060g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Correction for ‘Visualising mouse neuroanatomy and function by metal distribution using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry imaging’ by Bence Paul et al., Chem. Sci., 2015, 6, 5383–5393.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Paul
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia.,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia.,Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792.,Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory , Department of Preventive Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , 10029 , New York , USA
| | - David P Bishop
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
| | - Chad Paton
- Centre for Star and Planet Formation , Geological Museum , University of Copenhagen , Øster Voldgade 5-7 , DK-1350 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Van Tran Nguyen
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
| | - Nerida Cole
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
| | - Megan M Niedwiecki
- Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory , Department of Preventive Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , 10029 , New York , USA
| | - Erica Andreozzi
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Angela Vais
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Jessica L Billings
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Lisa Bray
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Gawain McColl
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Blaine R Roberts
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Paul A Adlard
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - David I Finkelstein
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - John Hellstrom
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Janet M Hergt
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Jon D Woodhead
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Philip A Doble
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
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6
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Paul B, Hare DJ, Bishop DP, Paton C, Nguyen VT, Cole N, Niedzwiecki MM, Andreozzi E, Vais A, Billings JL, Bray L, Bush AI, McColl G, Roberts BR, Adlard PA, Finkelstein DI, Hellstrom J, Hergt JM, Woodhead JD, Doble PA. Correction: Visualising mouse neuroanatomy and function by metal distribution using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry imaging. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6677. [PMID: 30123450 PMCID: PMC6063255 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc90051d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Correction for 'Visualising mouse neuroanatomy and function by metal distribution using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry imaging' by Bence Paul et al., Chem. Sci., 2015, DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02231b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Paul
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia.,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia.,Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792.,Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory , Department of Preventive Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , 10029 , New York , USA
| | - David P Bishop
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
| | - Chad Paton
- Centre for Star and Planet Formation , Geological Museum , University of Copenhagen , Øster Voldgade 5-7 , DK-1350 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Van Tran Nguyen
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
| | - Nerida Cole
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
| | - Megan M Niedzwiecki
- Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory , Department of Preventive Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , 10029 , New York , USA
| | - Erica Andreozzi
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Angela Vais
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Jessica L Billings
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Lisa Bray
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Gawain McColl
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Blaine R Roberts
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Paul A Adlard
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - David I Finkelstein
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - John Hellstrom
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Janet M Hergt
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Jon D Woodhead
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Philip A Doble
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
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7
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Paul B, Hare DJ, Bishop DP, Paton C, Nguyen VT, Cole N, Niedwiecki MM, Andreozzi E, Vais A, Billings JL, Bray L, Bush AI, McColl G, Roberts BR, Adlard PA, Finkelstein DI, Hellstrom J, Hergt JM, Woodhead JD, Doble PA. Visualising mouse neuroanatomy and function by metal distribution using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry imaging. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5383-5393. [PMID: 29449912 PMCID: PMC5669312 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02231b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the neuroanatomy of the mouse brain using imaging mass spectrometry and chemometric analysis.
Metals have a number of important roles within the brain. We used laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to map the three-dimensional concentrations and distributions of transition metals, in particular iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) within the murine brain. LA-ICP-MS is one of the leading analytical tools for measuring metals in tissue samples. Here, we present a complete data reduction protocol for measuring metals in biological samples, including the application of a pyramidal voxel registration technique to reproducibly align tissue sections. We used gold (Au) nanoparticle and ytterbium (Yb)-tagged tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies to assess the co-localisation of Fe and dopamine throughout the entire mouse brain. We also examined the natural clustering of metal concentrations within the murine brain to elucidate areas of similar composition. This clustering technique uses a mathematical approach to identify multiple ‘elemental clusters’, avoiding user bias and showing that metal composition follows a hierarchical organisation of neuroanatomical structures. This work provides new insight into the distinct compartmentalisation of metals in the brain, and presents new avenues of exploration with regard to region-specific, metal-associated neurodegeneration observed in several chronic neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Paul
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia.,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia.,Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792.,Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory , Department of Preventive Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , 10029 , New York , USA
| | - David P Bishop
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
| | - Chad Paton
- Centre for Star and Planet Formation , Geological Museum , University of Copenhagen , Øster Voldgade 5-7 , DK-1350 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Van Tran Nguyen
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
| | - Nerida Cole
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
| | - Megan M Niedwiecki
- Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory , Department of Preventive Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , 10029 , New York , USA
| | - Erica Andreozzi
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Angela Vais
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Jessica L Billings
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Lisa Bray
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Gawain McColl
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Blaine R Roberts
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - Paul A Adlard
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - David I Finkelstein
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , 3052 , Victoria , Australia
| | - John Hellstrom
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Janet M Hergt
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Jon D Woodhead
- School of Earth Sciences , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Philip A Doble
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility , University of Technology Sydney , Broadway , 2007 , New South Wales , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 2 9512 1792
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8
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Giuliani A, Phillips D, Woodhead JD, Kamenetsky VS, Fiorentini ML, Maas R, Soltys A, Armstrong RA. Did diamond-bearing orangeites originate from MARID-veined peridotites in the lithospheric mantle? Nat Commun 2015; 6:6837. [PMID: 25882074 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Kimberlites and orangeites (previously named Group-II kimberlites) are small-volume igneous rocks occurring in diatremes, sills and dykes. They are the main hosts for diamonds and are of scientific importance because they contain fragments of entrained mantle and crustal rocks, thus providing key information about the subcontinental lithosphere. Orangeites are ultrapotassic, H2O and CO2-rich rocks hosting minerals such as phlogopite, olivine, calcite and apatite. The major, trace element and isotopic compositions of orangeites resemble those of intensely metasomatized mantle of the type represented by MARID (mica-amphibole-rutile-ilmenite-diopside) xenoliths. Here we report new data for two MARID xenoliths from the Bultfontein kimberlite (Kimberley, South Africa) and we show that MARID-veined mantle has mineralogical (carbonate-apatite) and geochemical (Sr-Nd-Hf-O isotopes) characteristics compatible with orangeite melt generation from a MARID-rich source. This interpretation is supported by U-Pb zircon ages in MARID xenoliths from the Kimberley kimberlites, which confirm MARID rock formation before orangeite magmatism in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Giuliani
- School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - David Phillips
- School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Jon D Woodhead
- School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Vadim S Kamenetsky
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001 Tasmania, Australia
| | - Marco L Fiorentini
- Centre for Exploration Targeting, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems, School of Earth and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009 Western Australia, Australia
| | - Roland Maas
- School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashton Soltys
- School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010 Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard A Armstrong
- Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Acton, 0200 Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Pickering R, Dirks PHGM, Jinnah Z, de Ruiter DJ, Churchil SE, Herries AIR, Woodhead JD, Hellstrom JC, Berger LR. Australopithecus sediba at 1.977 Ma and Implications for the Origins of the Genus Homo. Science 2011; 333:1421-3. [PMID: 21903808 DOI: 10.1126/science.1203697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Pickering
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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10
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Kemp AIS, Hawkesworth CJ, Foster GL, Paterson BA, Woodhead JD, Hergt JM, Gray CM, Whitehouse MJ. Magmatic and Crustal Differentiation History of Granitic Rocks from Hf-O Isotopes in Zircon. Science 2007; 315:980-3. [PMID: 17303751 DOI: 10.1126/science.1136154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Granitic plutonism is the principal agent of crustal differentiation, but linking granite emplacement to crust formation requires knowledge of the magmatic evolution, which is notoriously difficult to reconstruct from bulk rock compositions. We unlocked the plutonic archive through hafnium (Hf) and oxygen (O) isotope analysis of zoned zircon crystals from the classic hornblende-bearing (I-type) granites of eastern Australia. This granite type forms by the reworking of sedimentary materials by mantle-like magmas instead of by remelting ancient metamorphosed igneous rocks as widely believed. I-type magmatism thus drives the coupled growth and differentiation of continental crust.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I S Kemp
- Bristol Isotope Group, Earth Sciences Department, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK.
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11
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Abstract
The prehistoric settlement of the Pacific Ocean has intrigued scholars and stimulated anthropological debate for the past two centuries. Colonized over a few millennia during the mid to late Holocene, the islands of the Pacific--displaying a wide diversity of geological and biotic variability--provided the stage for endless "natural experiments" in human adaptation. Crucial to understanding the evolution and transformation of island societies is documenting the relative degree of interisland contacts after island colonization. In the western Pacific, ideal materials for archaeologically documenting interisland contact--obsidian, pottery, and shell ornaments--are absent or of limited geographic distribution in Polynesia. Consequently, archaeologists have relied increasingly on fine-grained basalt artifacts as a means for documenting colonization routes and subsequent interisland contacts. Routinely used x-ray fluorescence characterization of oceanic island basalt has some problems for discriminating source rocks and artifacts in provenance studies. The variation in trace and major element abundances is largely controlled by near-surface magma-chamber processes and is broadly similar between most oceanic islands. We demonstrate that Pb isotope analysis accurately discriminates rock source and is an excellent technique for charting the scale, frequency, and temporal span of imported fine-grained basalt artifacts found throughout Polynesia. The technique adds another tool for addressing evolutionary models of interaction, isolation, and cultural divergence in the eastern Pacific.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Weisler
- Historic Preservation Office, Majuro, Marshall Islands
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12
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Woodhead JD, Greenwood P, Harmon RS, Stoffers P. Oxygen isotope evidence for recycled crust in the source of EM-type ocean island basalts. Nature 1993. [DOI: 10.1038/362809a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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