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Biswas A, Xu R, Alvarez GA, Zhang J, Christiansen-Salameh J, Puthirath AB, Burns K, Hachtel JA, Li T, Iyengar SA, Gray T, Li C, Zhang X, Kannan H, Elkins J, Pieshkov TS, Vajtai R, Birdwell AG, Neupane MR, Garratt EJ, Ivanov TG, Pate BB, Zhao Y, Zhu H, Tian Z, Rubio A, Ajayan PM. Non-Linear Optics at Twist Interfaces in h-BN/SiC Heterostructures. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2304624. [PMID: 37707242 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the emergent electronic structure in twisted atomically thin layers has led to the exciting field of twistronics. However, practical applications of such systems are challenging since the specific angular correlations between the layers must be precisely controlled and the layers have to be single crystalline with uniform atomic ordering. Here, an alternative, simple, and scalable approach is suggested, where nanocrystallinetwo-dimensional (2D) film on 3D substrates yields twisted-interface-dependent properties. Ultrawide-bandgap hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) thin films are directly grown on high in-plane lattice mismatched wide-bandgap silicon carbide (4H-SiC) substrates to explore the twist-dependent structure-property correlations. Concurrently, nanocrystalline h-BN thin film shows strong non-linear second-harmonic generation and ultra-low cross-plane thermal conductivity at room temperature, which are attributed to the twisted domain edges between van der Waals stacked nanocrystals with random in-plane orientations. First-principles calculations based on time-dependent density functional theory manifest strong even-order optical nonlinearity in twisted h-BN layers. This work unveils that directly deposited 2D nanocrystalline thin film on 3D substrates could provide easily accessible twist-interfaces, therefore enabling a simple and scalable approach to utilize the 2D-twistronics integrated in 3D material devices for next-generation nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Gustavo A Alvarez
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Chaussee 149, 22761, Luruper, Germany
| | | | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Kory Burns
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Sathvik Ajay Iyengar
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tia Gray
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Harikishan Kannan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jacob Elkins
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tymofii S Pieshkov
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - A Glen Birdwell
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Mahesh R Neupane
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Elias J Garratt
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Tony G Ivanov
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Bradford B Pate
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Yuji Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Zhiting Tian
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Chaussee 149, 22761, Luruper, Germany
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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Biswas A, Xu R, Christiansen-Salameh J, Jeong E, Alvarez GA, Li C, Puthirath AB, Gao B, Garg A, Gray T, Kannan H, Zhang X, Elkins J, Pieshkov TS, Vajtai R, Birdwell AG, Neupane MR, Pate BB, Ivanov T, Garratt EJ, Dai P, Zhu H, Tian Z, Ajayan PM. Phase Stability of Hexagonal/Cubic Boron Nitride Nanocomposites. Nano Lett 2023; 23:6927-6936. [PMID: 37489836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Boron nitride (BN) is an exceptional material, and among its polymorphs, two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal and three-dimensional (3D) cubic BN (h-BN and c-BN) phases are most common. The phase stability regimes of these BN phases are still under debate, and phase transformations of h-BN/c-BN remain a topic of interest. Here, we investigate the phase stability of 2D/3D h-BN/c-BN nanocomposites and show that the coexistence of two phases can lead to strong nonlinear optical properties and low thermal conductivity at room temperature. Furthermore, spark-plasma sintering of the nanocomposite shows complete phase transformation to 2D h-BN with improved crystalline quality, where 3D c-BN possibly governs the nucleation and growth kinetics. Our demonstration might be insightful in phase engineering of BN polymorph-based nanocomposites with desirable properties for optoelectronics and thermal energy management applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Joyce Christiansen-Salameh
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Eugene Jeong
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Gustavo A Alvarez
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Arushi Garg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Tia Gray
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Harikishan Kannan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jacob Elkins
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Tymofii S Pieshkov
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - A Glen Birdwell
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Mahesh R Neupane
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Bradford B Pate
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Tony Ivanov
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Elias J Garratt
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Pengcheng Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Zhiting Tian
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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Christiansen-Salameh J, Yang M, Rippy G, Li J, Cai Z, Holt M, Agnus G, Maroutian T, Lecoeur P, Matzen S, Kukreja R. Understanding nanoscale structural distortions in Pb(Zr 0.2Ti 0.8)O 3 by utilizing X-ray nanodiffraction and clustering algorithm analysis. J Synchrotron Radiat 2021; 28:207-213. [PMID: 33399570 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520013661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hard X-ray nanodiffraction provides a unique nondestructive technique to quantify local strain and structural inhomogeneities at nanometer length scales. However, sample mosaicity and phase separation can result in a complex diffraction pattern that can make it challenging to quantify nanoscale structural distortions. In this work, a k-means clustering algorithm was utilized to identify local maxima of intensity by partitioning diffraction data in a three-dimensional feature space of detector coordinates and intensity. This technique has been applied to X-ray nanodiffraction measurements of a patterned ferroelectric PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 sample. The analysis reveals the presence of two phases in the sample with different lattice parameters. A highly heterogeneous distribution of lattice parameters with a variation of 0.02 Å was also observed within one ferroelectric domain. This approach provides a nanoscale survey of subtle structural distortions as well as phase separation in ferroelectric domains in a patterned sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Christiansen-Salameh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Morris Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Geoffrey Rippy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jianheng Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zhonghou Cai
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Martin Holt
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Guillaume Agnus
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (C2N), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Thomas Maroutian
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (C2N), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Philippe Lecoeur
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (C2N), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Sylvia Matzen
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (C2N), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Roopali Kukreja
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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