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Atanasov V, Schumacher J, Muiño JM, Larasati C, Wang L, Kaufmann K, Leister D, Kleine T. Arabidopsis BBX14 is involved in high light acclimation and seedling development. Plant J 2024; 118:141-158. [PMID: 38128030 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of photosynthetically competent seedlings requires both light and retrograde biogenic signaling pathways. The transcription factor GLK1 functions at the interface between these pathways and receives input from the biogenic signal integrator GUN1. BBX14 was previously identified, together with GLK1, in a core module that mediates the response to high light (HL) levels and biogenic signals, which was studied by using inhibitors of chloroplast development. Our chromatin immunoprecipitation-Seq experiments revealed that BBX14 is a direct target of GLK1, and RNA-Seq analysis suggests that BBX14 may function as a regulator of the circadian clock. In addition, BBX14 plays a role in chlorophyll biosynthesis during early onset of light. Knockout of BBX14 results in a long hypocotyl phenotype dependent on a retrograde signal. Furthermore, the expression of BBX14 and BBX15 during biogenic signaling requires GUN1. Investigation of the role of BBX14 and BBX15 in GUN-type biogenic (gun) signaling showed that the overexpression of BBX14 or BBX15 caused de-repression of CA1 mRNA levels, when seedlings were grown on norflurazon. Notably, transcripts of the LHCB1.2 marker are not de-repressed. Furthermore, BBX14 is required to acclimate plants to HL stress. We propose that BBX14 is an integrator of biogenic signals and that BBX14 is a nuclear target of retrograde signals downstream of the GUN1/GLK1 module. However, we do not classify BBX14 or BBX15 overexpressors as gun mutants based on a critical evaluation of our results and those reported in the literature. Finally, we discuss a classification system necessary for the declaration of new gun mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasil Atanasov
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Chair for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jose M Muiño
- Chair for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Catharina Larasati
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Liangsheng Wang
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kaufmann
- Chair for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tatjana Kleine
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
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Babiloni C, Noce G, Tucci F, Jakhar D, Ferri R, Panerai S, Catania V, Soricelli A, Salvatore M, Nobili F, Arnaldi D, Famà F, Buttinelli C, Giubilei F, Onofrj M, Stocchi F, Vacca L, Radicati F, Fuhr P, Gschwandtner U, Ransmayr G, Parnetti L, Marizzoni M, D'Antonio F, Bruno G, De Lena C, Güntekin B, Yıldırım E, Hanoğlu L, Yener G, Hünerli D, Taylor JP, Schumacher J, McKeith I, Frisoni GB, Antonini A, Ferreri F, Bonanni L, De Pandis MF, Del Percio C. Poor reactivity of posterior electroencephalographic alpha rhythms during the eyes open condition in patients with dementia due to Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 135:1-14. [PMID: 38142464 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Here, we hypothesized that the reactivity of posterior resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) alpha rhythms during the transition from eyes-closed to -open condition might be lower in patients with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) than in patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD). A Eurasian database provided clinical-demographic-rsEEG datasets in 73 PDD patients, 35 ADD patients, and 25 matched cognitively unimpaired (Healthy) persons. The eLORETA freeware was used to estimate cortical rsEEG sources. Results showed substantial (greater than -10%) reduction (reactivity) in the posterior alpha source activities from the eyes-closed to the eyes-open condition in 88% of the Healthy seniors, 57% of the ADD patients, and only 35% of the PDD patients. In these alpha-reactive participants, there was lower reactivity in the parietal alpha source activities in the PDD group than in the healthy control seniors and the ADD patients. These results suggest that PDD patients show poor reactivity of mechanisms desynchronizing posterior rsEEG alpha rhythms in response to visual inputs. That neurophysiological biomarker may provide an endpoint for (non) pharmacological interventions for improving vigilance regulation in those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Hospital San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, FR, Italy.
| | | | - Federico Tucci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dharmendra Jakhar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS Synlab SDN, Naples, Italy; Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Flavio Nobili
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Oftalmologia, Genetica, Riabilitazione e Scienze Materno-infantili (DiNOGMI), Università di Genova, Italy; Clinica neurologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Dario Arnaldi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Oftalmologia, Genetica, Riabilitazione e Scienze Materno-infantili (DiNOGMI), Università di Genova, Italy; Neurofisiopatologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Famà
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Oftalmologia, Genetica, Riabilitazione e Scienze Materno-infantili (DiNOGMI), Università di Genova, Italy; Neurofisiopatologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Carla Buttinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Giubilei
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, CESI, and Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Stocchi
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy; Telematic University San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Peter Fuhr
- Universitätsspital Basel, Abteilung Neurophysiologie, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology and of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ute Gschwandtner
- Universitätsspital Basel, Abteilung Neurophysiologie, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Departments of Neurology and of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Ransmayr
- Department of Neurology 2, Med Campus III, Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University, Kepler University Hospital, Krankenhausstr. 9, A-4020 Linz., Austria
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Centre for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Moira Marizzoni
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabrizia D'Antonio
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bruno
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Bahar Güntekin
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey; Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Neuroscience Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yıldırım
- Program of Electroneurophysiology, Vocational School, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lutfu Hanoğlu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Görsev Yener
- Izmir University of Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Duygu Hünerli
- Health Sciences Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Ian McKeith
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Giovanni B Frisoni
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Memory Clinic and LANVIE - Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Angelo Antonini
- Unit and Study Center for Neurodegenerative diseases (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Florinda Ferreri
- Unit and Study Center for Neurodegenerative diseases (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Del Percio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Firbank MJ, Collerton D, Morgan KD, Schumacher J, Donaghy PC, O'Brien JT, Thomas A, Taylor JP. Functional connectivity in Lewy body disease with visual hallucinations. Eur J Neurol 2024; 31:e16115. [PMID: 37909801 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Visual hallucinations are a common, potentially distressing experience of people with Lewy body disease (LBD). The underlying brain changes giving rise to visual hallucinations are not fully understood, although previous models have posited that alterations in the connectivity between brain regions involved in attention and visual processing are critical. METHODS Data from 41 people with LBD and visual hallucinations, 48 with LBD without visual hallucinations and 60 similarly aged healthy comparator participants were used. Connections were investigated between regions in the visual cortex and ventral attention, dorsal attention and default mode networks. RESULTS Participants with visual hallucinations had worse cognition and motor function than those without visual hallucinations. In those with visual hallucinations, reduced functional connectivity within the ventral attention network and from the visual to default mode network was found. Connectivity strength between the visual and default mode network correlated with the number of correct responses on a pareidolia task, and connectivity within the ventral attention network with visuospatial performance. CONCLUSIONS Our results add to evidence of dysfunctional connectivity in the visual and attentional networks in those with LBD and visual hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Collerton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Katrina daSilva Morgan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Paul C Donaghy
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alan Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Schumacher J, Kanel P, Dyrba M, Storch A, Bohnen NI, Teipel S, Grothe MJ. Structural and molecular cholinergic imaging markers of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2023; 146:4964-4973. [PMID: 37403733 PMCID: PMC10689921 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease is related to cholinergic system degeneration, which can be assessed in vivo using structural MRI markers of basal forebrain volume and PET measures of cortical cholinergic activity. In the present study we aimed to examine the interrelation between basal forebrain degeneration and PET-measured depletion of cortical acetylcholinesterase activity as well as their relative contribution to cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. This cross-sectional study included 143 Parkinson's disease participants without dementia and 52 healthy control participants who underwent structural MRI, PET scanning with 11C-methyl-4-piperidinyl propionate (PMP) as a measure of cortical acetylcholinesterase activity, and a detailed cognitive assessment. Based on the fifth percentile of the overall cortical PMP PET signal from the control group, people with Parkinson's disease were subdivided into a normo-cholinergic (n = 94) and a hypo-cholinergic group (n = 49). Volumes of functionally defined posterior and anterior basal forebrain subregions were extracted using an established automated MRI volumetry approach based on a stereotactic atlas of cholinergic basal forebrain nuclei. We used Bayesian t-tests to compare basal forebrain volumes between controls, and normo- and hypo-cholinergic Parkinson's participants after covarying out age, sex and years of education. Associations between the two cholinergic imaging measures were assessed across all people with Parkinson's disease using Bayesian correlations and their respective relations with performance in different cognitive domains were assessed with Bayesian ANCOVAs. As a specificity analysis, hippocampal volume was added to the analysis. We found evidence for a reduction of posterior basal forebrain volume in the hypo-cholinergic compared to both normo-cholinergic Parkinson's disease [Bayes factor against the null model (BF10) = 8.2] and control participants (BF10 = 6.0), while for the anterior basal forebrain the evidence was inconclusive (BF10 < 3). In continuous association analyses, posterior basal forebrain volume was significantly associated with cortical PMP PET signal in a temporo-posterior distribution. The combined models for the prediction of cognitive scores showed that both cholinergic markers (posterior basal forebrain volume and cortical PMP PET signal) were independently related to multi-domain cognitive deficits, and were more important predictors for all cognitive scores, including memory scores, than hippocampal volume. We conclude that degeneration of the posterior basal forebrain in Parkinson's disease is accompanied by functional cortical changes in acetylcholinesterase activity and that both PET and MRI cholinergic imaging markers are independently associated with multi-domain cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease without dementia. Comparatively, hippocampal atrophy only seems to have minimal involvement in the development of early cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Rostock-Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Prabesh Kanel
- University of Michigan Morris K. Udall Center for Excellence in Parkinson’s Disease Research, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- University of Michigan Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Martin Dyrba
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Rostock-Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Storch
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Rostock-Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Nicolaas I Bohnen
- University of Michigan Morris K. Udall Center for Excellence in Parkinson’s Disease Research, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- University of Michigan Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Neurology Service and GRECC, Veterans Administration Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, MI, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Rostock-Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Michel J Grothe
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
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Babiloni C, Lopez S, Noce G, Ferri R, Panerai S, Catania V, Soricelli A, Salvatore M, Nobili F, Arnaldi D, Famà F, Massa F, Buttinelli C, Giubilei F, Stocchi F, Vacca L, Marizzoni M, D'Antonio F, Bruno G, De Lena C, Güntekin B, Yıldırım E, Hanoğlu L, Yener G, Yerlikaya D, Taylor JP, Schumacher J, McKeith I, Bonanni L, Pantano P, Piervincenzi C, Petsas N, Frisoni GB, Del Percio C, Carducci F. Relationship between default mode network and resting-state electroencephalographic alpha rhythms in cognitively unimpaired seniors and patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10514-10527. [PMID: 37615301 PMCID: PMC10588004 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we tested the hypothesis of a relationship between the cortical default mode network (DMN) structural integrity and the resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms in patients with Alzheimer's disease with dementia (ADD). Clinical and instrumental datasets in 45 ADD patients and 40 normal elderly (Nold) persons originated from the PDWAVES Consortium (www.pdwaves.eu). Individual rsEEG delta, theta, alpha, and fixed beta and gamma bands were considered. Freeware platforms served to derive (1) the (gray matter) volume of the DMN, dorsal attention (DAN), and sensorimotor (SMN) cortical networks and (2) the rsEEG cortical eLORETA source activities. We found a significant positive association between the DMN gray matter volume, the rsEEG alpha source activity estimated in the posterior DMN nodes (parietal and posterior cingulate cortex), and the global cognitive status in the Nold and ADD participants. Compared with the Nold, the ADD group showed lower DMN gray matter, lower rsEEG alpha source activity in those nodes, and lower global cognitive status. This effect was not observed in the DAN and SMN. These results suggest that the DMN structural integrity and the rsEEG alpha source activities in the DMN posterior hubs may be related and predict the global cognitive status in ADD and Nold persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,” Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Hospital San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino (FR), Italy
| | - Susanna Lopez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,” Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS Synlab SDN, Naples, Italy
- Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Flavio Nobili
- Clinica neurologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Oftalmologia, Genetica, Riabilitazione e Scienze Materno-infantili (DiNOGMI), Università di Genova, Italy
| | - Dario Arnaldi
- Clinica neurologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Oftalmologia, Genetica, Riabilitazione e Scienze Materno-infantili (DiNOGMI), Università di Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Famà
- Clinica neurologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Massa
- Clinica neurologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Carla Buttinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Giubilei
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Moira Marizzoni
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabrizia D'Antonio
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bruno
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo De Lena
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Bahar Güntekin
- Department of Biophysics, International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yıldırım
- Program of Electroneurophysiology, Vocational School, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lutfu Hanoğlu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Görsev Yener
- Izmir School of Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Deniz Yerlikaya
- Health Sciences Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - John Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Ian McKeith
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pantano
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | | | - Nikolaos Petsas
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Statistica Medica e Biometria, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni B Frisoni
- Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- Memory Clinic and LANVIE - Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Del Percio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,” Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Carducci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,” Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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6
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Schumacher J, Ray NJ, Hamilton CA, Bergamino M, Donaghy PC, Firbank M, Watson R, Roberts G, Allan L, Barnett N, O'Brien JT, Thomas AJ, Taylor JP. Free water imaging of the cholinergic system in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4549-4563. [PMID: 36919460 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Degeneration of cortical cholinergic projections from the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) is characteristic of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereas involvement of cholinergic projections from the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) to the thalamus is less clear. METHODS We studied both cholinergic projection systems using a free water-corrected diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) model in the following cases: 46 AD, 48 DLB, 35 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with AD, 38 MCI with Lewy bodies, and 71 controls. RESULTS Free water in the NBM-cortical pathway was increased in both dementia and MCI groups compared to controls and associated with cognition. Free water along the PPN-thalamus tract was increased only in DLB and related to visual hallucinations. Results were largely replicated in an independent cohort. DISCUSSION While NBM-cortical projections degenerate early in AD and DLB, the thalamic cholinergic input from the PPN appears to be more selectively affected in DLB and might associate with visual hallucinations. HIGHLIGHTS Free water in the NBM-cortical cholinergic pathways is increased in AD and DLB. NBM-cortical pathway integrity is related to overall cognitive performance. Free water in the PPN-thalamus cholinergic pathway is only increased in DLB, not AD. PPN-thalamus pathway integrity might be related to visual hallucinations in DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nebraska4 5PL , UK
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock-Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nicola J Ray
- Health, Psychology and Communities Research Centre, Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Calum A Hamilton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nebraska4 5PL , UK
| | - Maurizio Bergamino
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Neuroimaging Research, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Paul C Donaghy
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nebraska4 5PL , UK
| | - Michael Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nebraska4 5PL , UK
| | - Rosie Watson
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gemma Roberts
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nebraska4 5PL , UK
| | - Louise Allan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nebraska4 5PL , UK
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Nicola Barnett
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nebraska4 5PL , UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nebraska4 5PL , UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nebraska4 5PL , UK
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7
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Perez-Garcia P, Chow J, Costanzi E, Gurschke M, Dittrich J, Dierkes RF, Molitor R, Applegate V, Feuerriegel G, Tete P, Danso D, Thies S, Schumacher J, Pfleger C, Jaeger KE, Gohlke H, Smits SHJ, Schmitz RA, Streit WR. An archaeal lid-containing feruloyl esterase degrades polyethylene terephthalate. Commun Chem 2023; 6:193. [PMID: 37697032 PMCID: PMC10495362 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a commodity polymer known to globally contaminate marine and terrestrial environments. Today, around 80 bacterial and fungal PET-active enzymes (PETases) are known, originating from four bacterial and two fungal phyla. In contrast, no archaeal enzyme had been identified to degrade PET. Here we report on the structural and biochemical characterization of PET46 (RLI42440.1), an archaeal promiscuous feruloyl esterase exhibiting degradation activity on semi-crystalline PET powder comparable to IsPETase and LCC (wildtypes), and higher activity on bis-, and mono-(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET and MHET). The enzyme, found by a sequence-based metagenome search, is derived from a non-cultivated, deep-sea Candidatus Bathyarchaeota archaeon. Biochemical characterization demonstrated that PET46 is a promiscuous, heat-adapted hydrolase. Its crystal structure was solved at a resolution of 1.71 Å. It shares the core alpha/beta-hydrolase fold with bacterial PETases, but contains a unique lid common in feruloyl esterases, which is involved in substrate binding. Thus, our study widens the currently known diversity of PET-hydrolyzing enzymes, by demonstrating PET depolymerization by a plant cell wall-degrading esterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Perez-Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for General Microbiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jennifer Chow
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisa Costanzi
- Center for Structural Studies (CSS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marno Gurschke
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Dittrich
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert F Dierkes
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rebecka Molitor
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Jülich, Germany
| | - Violetta Applegate
- Center for Structural Studies (CSS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Golo Feuerriegel
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Prince Tete
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Danso
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Thies
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Jülich, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Center for Structural Studies (CSS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christopher Pfleger
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Holger Gohlke
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Sander H J Smits
- Center for Structural Studies (CSS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruth A Schmitz
- Institute for General Microbiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang R Streit
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
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8
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Gronke K, Nguyen M, Santamaria N, Schumacher J, Yang Y, Sonnert N, Leopold S, Martin AL, Hallet R, Richter K, Schubert DA, Daniel GM, Dylus D, Forkel M, Vieira SM, Schwinge D, Schramm C, Lassen KG, Piali L, Palm NW, Bieniossek C, Kriegel MA. Human Th17- and IgG3-associated autoimmunity induced by a translocating gut pathobiont. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.29.546430. [PMID: 37425769 PMCID: PMC10327010 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.29.546430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Extraintestinal autoimmune diseases are multifactorial with translocating gut pathobionts implicated as instigators and perpetuators in mice. However, the microbial contributions to autoimmunity in humans remain largely unclear, including whether specific pathological human adaptive immune responses are triggered by such pathobionts. We show here that the translocating pathobiont Enterococcus gallinarum induces human IFNγ + Th17 differentiation and IgG3 subclass switch of anti- E. gallinarum RNA and correlating anti-human RNA autoantibody responses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune hepatitis. Human Th17 induction by E. gallinarum is cell-contact dependent and involves TLR8-mediated human monocyte activation. In murine gnotobiotic lupus models, E. gallinarum translocation triggers IgG3 anti-RNA autoantibody titers that correlate with renal autoimmune pathophysiology and with disease activity in patients. Overall, we define cellular mechanisms of how a translocating pathobiont induces human T- and B-cell-dependent autoimmune responses, providing a framework for developing host- and microbiota-derived biomarkers and targeted therapies in extraintestinal autoimmune diseases. One Sentence Summary Translocating pathobiont Enterococcus gallinarum promotes human Th17 and IgG3 autoantibody responses linked to disease activity in autoimmune patients.
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9
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Luzarowska U, Ruß AK, Joubès J, Batsale M, Szymański J, P Thirumalaikumar V, Luzarowski M, Wu S, Zhu F, Endres N, Khedhayir S, Schumacher J, Jasinska W, Xu K, Correa Cordoba SM, Weil S, Skirycz A, Fernie AR, Li-Beisson Y, Fusari CM, Brotman Y. Hello darkness, my old friend: 3-KETOACYL-COENZYME A SYNTHASE4 is a branch point in the regulation of triacylglycerol synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 2023; 35:1984-2005. [PMID: 36869652 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant lipids are important as alternative sources of carbon and energy when sugars or starch are limited. Here, we applied combined heat and darkness or extended darkness to a panel of ∼300 Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions to study lipid remodeling under carbon starvation. Natural allelic variation at 3-KETOACYL-COENZYME A SYNTHASE4 (KCS4), a gene encoding an enzyme involved in very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) synthesis, underlies the differential accumulation of polyunsaturated triacylglycerols (puTAGs) under stress. Ectopic expression of KCS4 in yeast and plants proved that KCS4 is a functional enzyme localized in the endoplasmic reticulum with specificity for C22 and C24 saturated acyl-CoA. Allelic mutants and transient overexpression in planta revealed the differential role of KCS4 alleles in VLCFA synthesis and leaf wax coverage, puTAG accumulation, and biomass. Moreover, the region harboring KCS4 is under high selective pressure and allelic variation at KCS4 correlates with environmental parameters from the locales of Arabidopsis accessions. Our results provide evidence that KCS4 plays a decisive role in the subsequent fate of fatty acids released from chloroplast membrane lipids under carbon starvation. This work sheds light on both plant response mechanisms and the evolutionary events shaping the lipidome under carbon starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Luzarowska
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Anne-Kathrin Ruß
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jérôme Joubès
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, University Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Marguerite Batsale
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, University Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jędrzej Szymański
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
- IBG-4 Bioinformatics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Marcin Luzarowski
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Si Wu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Feng Zhu
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Niklas Endres
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Sarah Khedhayir
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Department for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Weronika Jasinska
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ke Xu
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | | | - Simy Weil
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aleksandra Skirycz
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair Robert Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Yonghua Li-Beisson
- CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Institute de Biosciences et Biotechnologies Aix-Marseille, Aix Marseille Univ., F-13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Corina M Fusari
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 570, S2000LRJ Rosario, Argentina
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501 Beer-Sheva, Israel
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10
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Harbeck N, Fasching PA, Würstlein R, Degenhardt T, Lüftner D, Kates RE, Schumacher J, Räth P, Hoffmann O, Lorenz R, Decker T, Reinisch M, Göhler T, Staib P, Gluz O, Schinköthe T, Schmidt M. Significantly longer time to deterioration of quality of life due to CANKADO PRO-React eHealth support in HR+ HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients receiving palbociclib and endocrine therapy: Primary outcome analysis of the multicenter randomized AGO-B WSG PreCycle trial. Ann Oncol 2023:S0923-7534(23)00684-1. [PMID: 37201751 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multicenter, randomized phase IV intergroup AGO-B WSG PreCycle trial (NCT03220178) evaluated the impact of CANKADO-based ePRO (electronic patient-reported outcomes) assessment on quality of life (QoL) in HR+ HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients receiving palbociclib (P) and an aromatase inhibitor or P+fulvestrant. CANKADO PRO-React, an EU-registered medical device, is an interactive autonomous application reacting to patient self-reported observations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 2017 and 2021, 499 patients (median age 59 years) from 71 centers were randomized (2:1, stratified by therapy line) between an active version of CANKADO PRO-React (CANKADO-active arm) or a version with limited functionality (CANKADO-inform arm). 412 patients (271 CANKADO-active; 141 CANKADO-inform) were available for analysis of the primary endpoint, time to deterioration (TTD) of QoL (10-point drop on FACT-G), using an Aalen-Johansen estimator for cumulative incidence function of TTD DQoL with 95% pointwise confidence intervals (CI). Secondary endpoints included PFS, OS, and DQoL (QoL deterioration). RESULTS In all pts (ITT-ePRO), cumulative incidence of DQoL was significantly more favorable (lower) in the CANKADO-active arm (HR=0.698, 95%CI [0.506 - 0.963]). Among 1stL patients (n=295), the corresponding HR was 0.716 (0.484-1.060; p=0.09), and in 2ndL patients (n=117) it was 0.661 (0.374-1.168; p=0.2). Absolute patient numbers declined in later visits; FACT-G completion rates were 80% and higher until about visit 30; mean FACT-G scores showed steady decline from baseline and an offset in favor of CANKADO-active. No significant differences in clinical outcome were observed between arms: Median PFS (ITT population) was 21.4 (95%CI 19.4-23.7) (CANKADO-active) and 18.7 (15.1-23.5) months (CANKADO-inform); median OS was not reached (CANKADO-active) and 42.6 months (CANKADO-inform). CONCLUSIONS PreCycle is the first multicenter randomized eHealth trial demonstrating a significant benefit for MBC patients receiving oral tumor therapy when using an interactive autonomous patient empowerment application.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Harbeck
- Breast Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and CCC Munich LMU, University Hospital, Munich, Germany; West German Study Group, Statistics, Moenchengladbach, Germany.
| | - P A Fasching
- University Hospital Erlangen, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - R Würstlein
- Breast Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and CCC Munich LMU, University Hospital, Munich, Germany; West German Study Group, Statistics, Moenchengladbach, Germany
| | - T Degenhardt
- Breast Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and CCC Munich LMU, University Hospital, Munich, Germany; Hausarztpraxis Wolfratshausen, Wolfratshausen, Germany
| | - D Lüftner
- Immanuel Hospital Märkische Schweiz Buckow, Germany; Immanuel Hospital Rüdersdorf and Medical University of Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Germany
| | - R E Kates
- West German Study Group, Statistics, Moenchengladbach, Germany
| | | | - P Räth
- palleos healthcare GmbH, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - O Hoffmann
- University Hospital Essen, Breast Center, Essen, Germany
| | - R Lorenz
- Studien GbR Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - T Decker
- Hematology / Oncology, Ravensburg, Germany
| | - M Reinisch
- Breast Center, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Gynecology with Breast Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Göhler
- Oncocenter Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - P Staib
- St.-Antonius Hospital gGmbH, Clinic for Hematology and Oncology, Eschweiler, Germany
| | - O Gluz
- West German Study Group, Statistics, Moenchengladbach, Germany
| | - T Schinköthe
- CANKADO Service GmbH, Kirchheim, Germany; Research Center Smart Digital Health, University of the Bundeswehr, Neubiberg, Germany
| | - M Schmidt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
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11
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Stolze T, Franke S, Haybaeck J, Moehler M, Grimminger PP, Lang H, Roth W, Gockel I, Kreuser N, Bläker H, Wittekind C, Lordick F, Vieth M, Veits L, Waidmann O, Lingohr P, Peitz U, Schildberg C, Kruschewski M, Vassos N, Goni E, Bruns CJ, Ridwelski K, Wolff S, Lippert H, Schumacher J, Malfertheiner P, Venerito M. Mismatch repair deficiency, chemotherapy and survival for resectable gastric cancer: an observational study from the German staR cohort and a meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:1007-1017. [PMID: 35211781 PMCID: PMC9984318 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-03953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In a post hoc analysis of the MAGIC trial, patients with curatively resected gastric cancer (GC) and mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency (MMRd) had better median overall survival (OS) when treated with surgery alone but worse median OS when treated with additional chemotherapy. Further data are required to corroborate these findings. METHODS Between April 2013 and December 2018, 458 patients with curatively resected GC, including cancers of the esophagogastric junction Siewert type II and III, were identified in the German centers of the staR consortium. Tumor sections were assessed for expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 by immunohistochemistry. The association between MMR status and survival was assessed. Similar studies published up to January 2021 were then identified in a MEDLINE search for a meta-analysis. RESULTS MMR-status and survival data were available for 223 patients (median age 66 years, 62.8% male), 23 patients were MMRd (10.3%). After matching for baseline clinical characteristics, median OS was not reached in any subgroup. Compared to perioperative chemotherapy, patients receiving surgery alone with MMRd and MMRp had a HR of 0.67 (95% CI 0.13-3.37, P = 0.63) and 1.44 (95% CI 0.66-3.13, P = 0.36), respectively. The meta-analysis included pooled data from 385 patients. Compared to perioperative chemotherapy, patients receiving surgery alone with MMRd had an improved OS with a HR of 0.36 (95% CI 0.14-0.91, P = 0.03), whereas those with MMRp had a HR of 1.18 (95% CI 0.89-1.58, P = 0.26). CONCLUSION Our data support a positive prognostic effect for MMRd in GC patients treated with surgery only and a differentially negative prognostic effect in patients treated with perioperative chemotherapy. MMR status determined by preoperative biopsies may be used as a predictive biomarker to select patients for perioperative chemotherapy in curatively resectable GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Stolze
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - S Franke
- Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - J Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Moehler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - P P Grimminger
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - H Lang
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - W Roth
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - I Gockel
- Department of Medicine II and University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - N Kreuser
- Department of Medicine II and University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H Bläker
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C Wittekind
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - F Lordick
- University Cancer Center Leipzig, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Vieth
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - L Veits
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - O Waidmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Main Area Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,University Cancer Center, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - P Lingohr
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - U Peitz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Raphaelshospital, Münster, Germany
| | - C Schildberg
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Brandenburg, University Hospital of Visceral Surgery, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - M Kruschewski
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Hospital Frankfurt (Oder), Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
| | - N Vassos
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - E Goni
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - C J Bruns
- Department of General, Tumor and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - K Ridwelski
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Municipal Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany.,AN-Institute of Quality Assurance in Operative Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - S Wolff
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - H Lippert
- AN-Institute of Quality Assurance in Operative Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - J Schumacher
- Human Genetics Center, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - P Malfertheiner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Venerito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität, Leipziger Straße 66, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Sukhanov S, Higashi Y, Yoshida T, Danchuk S, Alfortish M, Goodchild T, Scarboroogh A, Sharp T, Schumacher J, Sindi F, Bowles D, Ivy J, Tharp D, Rozenbaum Z, Jenkins J, Garcia D, Lefer D, Kolls J, Delafontaine P. Insulin-like growth factor I reduces human-like coronary atherosclerosis. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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13
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daSilva Morgan K, Schumacher J, Collerton D, Colloby S, Elder GJ, Olsen K, Ffytche DH, Taylor JP. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Treatment of Visual Hallucinations in Charles Bonnet Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial. Ophthalmology 2022; 129:1368-1379. [PMID: 35817197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential therapeutic benefits and tolerability of inhibitory transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the remediation of visual hallucinations in Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS). DESIGN Randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled crossover trial. PARTICIPANTS Sixteen individuals diagnosed with CBS secondary to visual impairment caused by eye disease experiencing recurrent visual hallucinations. INTERVENTION All participants received 4 consecutive days of active and placebo cathodal stimulation (current density: 0.29 mA/cm2) to the visual cortex (Oz) over 2 defined treatment weeks, separated by a 4-week washout period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Ratings of visual hallucination frequency and duration following active and placebo stimulation, accounting for treatment order, using a 2 × 2 repeated-measures model. Secondary outcomes included impact ratings of visual hallucinations and electrophysiological measures. RESULTS When compared with placebo treatment, active inhibitory stimulation of visual cortex resulted in a significant reduction in the frequency of visual hallucinations measured by the North East Visual Hallucinations Interview, with a moderate-to-large effect size. Impact measures of visual hallucinations improved in both placebo and active conditions, suggesting support and education for CBS may have therapeutic benefits. Participants who demonstrated greater occipital excitability on electroencephalography assessment at the start of treatment were more likely to report a positive treatment response. Stimulation was found to be tolerable in all participants, with no significant adverse effects reported, including no deterioration in preexisting visual impairment. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that inhibitory tDCS of visual cortex may reduce the frequency of visual hallucinations in people with CBS, particularly individuals who demonstrate greater occipital excitability prior to stimulation. tDCS may offer a feasible intervention option for CBS with no significant side effects, warranting larger-scale clinical trials to further characterize its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina daSilva Morgan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Collerton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sean Colloby
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Greg J Elder
- Northumbria Sleep Research, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Olsen
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic H Ffytche
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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14
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Seethaler B, Fuchs M, Schumacher J, Basrai M, Kiechle M, Bischoff SC. Bewertung des Rotweinkonsums im Rahmen der mediterranen
Ernährung – Eine systematische Literaturanalyse. Aktuelle Ernährungsmedizin 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1828-8240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die mediterrane Ernährung (MedE) zeigte in mehreren
Studien einen präventiven Effekt hinsichtlich Typ 2 Diabetes,
kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen und Tumorerkrankungen. Zur MedE wird in
der Regel ein mäßiger Konsum von Wein, speziell Rotwein,
empfohlen, dem selbst ein kardioprotektiver Effekt zugesprochen wird. Jedoch
zeigen zahlreiche Studien, dass schon kleine Mengen Alkohol das Krebsrisiko
erhöhen können. In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll eine
Übersicht zur aktuellen Datenlage zum Zusammenhang zwischen dem
Alkoholkonsum im Rahmen einer MedE, dem Krebsrisiko sowie dem Risiko für
kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen erstellt werden.
Methoden Im Rahmen einer systematischen Literaturrecherche in den
Datenbanken PubMed und Scopus wurde nach den Schlagwörtern
„diet, mediterranean“ und „alcohol drinking“
gesucht. Voraussetzung war, dass Angaben zur Art und Menge des konsumierten
Alkohols im Rahmen der MedE vorlagen.
Ergebnisse Die Umsetzung der MedE kann sowohl das Risiko
kardiometabolischer Erkrankungen als auch das Krebsrisiko u. a.
für Brustkrebs senken. Moderater Alkoholkonsum zeigt protektive Effekte
auf das Herz-Kreislauf-System, ist jedoch mit einem erhöhten Risiko
für diverse Krebserkrankungen assoziiert. Mehrere Studien beschreiben
eine Assoziation zwischen Alkoholkonsum und Brustkrebsinzidenz, wobei die
Ergebnisse zwischen den Studien nicht einheitlich waren. Dabei kommt dem
täglichen Glas Rotwein mit ca. 10–15 g Ethanol als
vorherrschendem alkoholischen Getränk der Mittelmeerregion eine
risikosenkende Wirkung zu.
Schlussfolgerung Moderater Konsum von Rotwein hat nach der vorliegenden
systematischen Literaturanalyse, anders als andere alkoholische
Getränke, einen protektiven Effekt auf kardiometabolische Erkrankungen
und möglicherweise auch auf genetisch bedingten Brustkrebs,
während der Konsum von anderen Alkoholgetränken die
schützende Wirkung einer MedE möglicherweise reduziert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Seethaler
- Institut für Ernährungsmedizin, Universität
Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mirjam Fuchs
- Institut für Ernährungsmedizin, Universität
Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Institut für Ernährungsmedizin, Universität
Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Maryam Basrai
- Institut für Ernährungsmedizin, Universität
Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Technische
Universität München, München, Germany
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Roda S, Fernandez-Lopez L, Benedens M, Bollinger A, Thies S, Schumacher J, Coscolín C, Kazemi M, Santiago G, Gertzen CGW, Gonzalez-Alfonso JL, Plou FJ, Jaeger KE, Smits SHJ, Ferrer M, Guallar V. A Plurizyme with Transaminase and Hydrolase Activity Catalyzes Cascade Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207344. [PMID: 35734849 PMCID: PMC9540564 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Engineering dual‐function single polypeptide catalysts with two abiotic or biotic catalytic entities (or combinations of both) supporting cascade reactions is becoming an important area of enzyme engineering and catalysis. Herein we present the development of a PluriZyme, TR2E2, with efficient native transaminase (kcat: 69.49±1.77 min−1) and artificial esterase (kcat: 3908–0.41 min−1) activities integrated into a single scaffold, and evaluate its utility in a cascade reaction. TR2E2 (pHopt: 8.0–9.5; Topt: 60–65 °C) efficiently converts methyl 3‐oxo‐4‐(2,4,5‐trifluorophenyl)butanoate into 3‐(R)‐amino‐4‐(2,4,5‐trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid, a crucial intermediate for the synthesis of antidiabetic drugs. The reaction proceeds through the conversion of the β‐keto ester into the β‐keto acid at the hydrolytic site and subsequently into the β‐amino acid (e.e. >99 %) at the transaminase site. The catalytic power of the TR2E2PluriZyme was proven with a set of β‐keto esters, demonstrating the potential of such designs to address bioinspired cascade reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Roda
- Department of Life Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 31, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marius Benedens
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine-University, Building 26.44.01.62, Universitaetsstr 1, 40228, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Bollinger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Building 26.44.01.62, Universitaetsstr 1, 40228, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Forschungszentrum Jülich, Building 15.8, 01/303, 52428, Wilhelm Johnen Straße, Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephan Thies
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Building 26.44.01.62, Universitaetsstr 1, 40228, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Forschungszentrum Jülich, Building 15.8, 01/303, 52428, Wilhelm Johnen Straße, Jülich, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine-University, Building 26.44.01.62, Universitaetsstr 1, 40228, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Cristina Coscolín
- Department of Applied Biocatalysis, ICP, CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Masoud Kazemi
- Department of Life Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 31, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Santiago
- Department of Life Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 31, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christoph G W Gertzen
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine-University, Building 26.44.01.62, Universitaetsstr 1, 40228, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Francisco J Plou
- Department of Applied Biocatalysis, ICP, CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Building 26.44.01.62, Universitaetsstr 1, 40228, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Forschungszentrum Jülich, Building 15.8, 01/303, 52428, Wilhelm Johnen Straße, Jülich, Germany
| | - Sander H J Smits
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine-University, Building 26.44.01.62, Universitaetsstr 1, 40228, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Manuel Ferrer
- Department of Applied Biocatalysis, ICP, CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Guallar
- Department of Life Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 31, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Roda S, Fernandez-Lopez L, Benedens M, Bollinger A, Thies S, Schumacher J, Coscolín C, Kazemi M, Santiago G, Gertzen CGW, Gonzalez-Alfonso JL, Plou FJ, Jaeger KE, Smits SHJ, Ferrer M, Guallar V. A Plurizyme with Transaminase and Hydrolase Activity Catalyzes Cascade Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Roda
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center: Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion Department of Life Sciences Carrer de Jordi Girona, 31 08034 Barcelona SPAIN
| | - Laura Fernandez-Lopez
- ICP: Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica Department of Applied Biocatalysis Marie Curie 2 28049 Madrid SPAIN
| | - Marius Benedens
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf: Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf Center for Structural Studies Wilhelm Johnen Straße, Bldg 15.8, 01/303 40228 Düsseldorf GERMANY
| | - Alexander Bollinger
- Forschungszentrum Jülich: Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology Wilhelm Johnen Straße, Bldg 15.8, 01/303 52428 Jülich GERMANY
| | - Stephan Thies
- Forschungszentrum Jülich: Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology Wilhelm Johnen Straße, Bldg 15.8, 01/303 52428 Jülich GERMANY
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf Center for Structural Studies Building 26.44.01.62, Universitaetsstr 1 40228 Düsseldorf GERMANY
| | - Cristina Coscolín
- ICP: Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica Department of Applied Biocatalysis Marie Curie 28049 Madrid SPAIN
| | - Masoud Kazemi
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center: Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion Department of Life Sciences Carrer de Jordi Girona, 31 08034 Barcelona SPAIN
| | - Gerard Santiago
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center: Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion Department of Life Sciences Carrer de Jordi Girona, 31 08034 Barcelona SPAIN
| | - Christoph G. W. Gertzen
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf: Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry 40228 Düsseldorf GERMANY
| | - Jose L. Gonzalez-Alfonso
- ICP: Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica Department of Applied Biocatalysis Marie Curie 2 28049 Madrid SPAIN
| | - Francisco J. Plou
- ICP: Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica Department of Applied Biocatalysis Marie Curie 2 28049 Madrid SPAIN
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Forschungszentrum Julich ICG: Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology Wilhelm Johnen Straße, Bldg 15.8, 01/303 52428 Jülich GERMANY
| | - Sander H. J. Smits
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf: Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf Center for Structural Studies 40228 Düsseldorf GERMANY
| | - Manuel Ferrer
- Institute of Catalysis CSIC Department of Biocatalysis Marie Curie 2Campus Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid SPAIN
| | - Víctor Guallar
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center: Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion Department of Life Sciences Carrer de Jordi Girona, 31 08034 Barcelona SPAIN
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Kwiatkowski M, Hotze M, Schumacher J, Asif AR, Pittol JMR, Brenig B, Ramljak S, Zischler H, Herlyn H. Protein speciation is likely to increase the chance of proteins to be determined in 2‐DE/MS. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:1203-1214. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Kwiatkowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Madlen Hotze
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Abdul R. Asif
- Department of Clinical Chemistry/UMG‐Laboratories University Medical Center Göttingen Germany
| | - Jose Miguel Ramos Pittol
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Department of Molecular Biology of Livestock Institute of Veterinary Medicine University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | | | - Hans Zischler
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Anthropology University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Holger Herlyn
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Anthropology University of Mainz Mainz Germany
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18
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Neumann M, Xu X, Smaczniak C, Schumacher J, Yan W, Blüthgen N, Greb T, Jönsson H, Traas J, Kaufmann K, Muino JM. A 3D gene expression atlas of the floral meristem based on spatial reconstruction of single nucleus RNA sequencing data. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2838. [PMID: 35595749 PMCID: PMC9122980 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity in growth and differentiation results in organ patterning. Single-cell transcriptomics allows characterization of gene expression heterogeneity in developing organs at unprecedented resolution. However, the original physical location of the cell is lost during this methodology. To recover the original location of cells in the developing organ is essential to link gene activity with cellular identity and function in plants. Here, we propose a method to reconstruct genome-wide gene expression patterns of individual cells in a 3D flower meristem by combining single-nuclei RNA-seq with microcopy-based 3D spatial reconstruction. By this, gene expression differences among meristematic domains giving rise to different tissue and organ types can be determined. As a proof of principle, the method is used to trace the initiation of vascular identity within the floral meristem. Our work demonstrates the power of spatially reconstructed single cell transcriptome atlases to understand plant morphogenesis. The floral meristem 3D gene expression atlas can be accessed at http://threed-flower-meristem.herokuapp.com. Single-cell transcriptomics allows gene expression heterogeneity to be assessed at cellular resolution but the original location of each cell is unknown. Here the authors combine single nuclei RNA-seq with 3D spatial reconstruction of floral meristems to link gene activities with morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Neumann
- Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaocai Xu
- Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cezary Smaczniak
- Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenhao Yan
- Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Blüthgen
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Greb
- Department of Developmental Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henrik Jönsson
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Jan Traas
- Laboratoire RDP, Université de Lyon 1, ENS-Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, UCBL, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Kerstin Kaufmann
- Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jose M Muino
- Systems Biology of Gene Regulation, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Berlin, Germany.
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Firbank MJ, daSilva Morgan K, Collerton D, Elder GJ, Parikh J, Olsen K, Schumacher J, Ffytche D, Taylor JP. Investigation of structural brain changes in Charles Bonnet Syndrome. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 35:103041. [PMID: 35576854 PMCID: PMC9118504 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Reduced grey matter in the occipital cortex in eye disease groups. Widespread altered diffusivity in eye disease groups. No cortical or white matter changes associated with presence of visual hallucinations. Negative association between hippocampal volume and Hallucination severity.
Background and objectives In Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS), visual hallucinations (VH) are experienced by people with sight loss due to eye disease or lesional damage to early visual pathways. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate structural brain changes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in CBS. Methods Sixteen CBS patients, 17 with eye disease but no VH, and 19 normally sighted people took part. Participants were imaged on a 3T scanner, with 1 mm resolution T1 weighted structural imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging with 64 diffusion directions. Results The three groups were well matched for age, sex and cognitive scores (MMSE). The two eye disease groups were matched on visual acuity. Compared to the sighted controls, we found reduced grey matter in the occipital cortex in both eye disease groups. We also found reductions of fractional anisotropy and increased diffusivity in widespread areas, including occipital tracts, the corpus callosum, and the anterior thalamic radiation. We did not find any significant differences between the eye disease participants with VH versus without VH, but did observe a negative association between hippocampal volume and VH severity in the CBS group. Discussion Our findings suggest that although there are cortical and subcortical effects associated with sight loss, structural changes do not explain the occurrence of VHs. CBS may relate instead to connectivity or excitability changes in brain networks linked to vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Katrina daSilva Morgan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Collerton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Greg J Elder
- Northumbria Sleep Research, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jehill Parikh
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kirsty Olsen
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Dominic Ffytche
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Erdmann EA, Nitsche S, Gorbushina AA, Schumacher J. Genetic Engineering of the Rock Inhabitant Knufia petricola Provides Insight Into the Biology of Extremotolerant Black Fungi. Front Fungal Biol 2022; 3:862429. [PMID: 37746170 PMCID: PMC10512386 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.862429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Black microcolonial fungi (Ascomycetes from Arthonio-, Dothideo-, and Eurotiomycetes) are stress-tolerant and persistent dwellers of natural and anthropogenic extreme habitats. They exhibit slow yeast-like or meristematic growth, do not form specialized reproduction structures and accumulate the black pigment 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin in the multilayered cell walls. To understand how black fungi live, survive, colonize mineral substrates, and interact with phototrophs genetic methods are needed to test these functions and interactions. We chose the rock inhabitant Knufia petricola of the Chaetothyriales as a model for developing methods for genetic manipulation. Here, we report on the expansion of the genetic toolkit by more efficient multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 using a plasmid-based system for expression of Cas9 and multiple sgRNAs and the implementation of the three resistance selection markers genR (geneticin/nptII), baR (glufosinate/bar), and suR (chlorimuron ethyl/sur). The targeted integration of expression constructs by replacement of essential genes for pigment synthesis allows for an additional color screening of the transformants. The black-pink screening due to the elimination of pks1 (melanin) was applied for promoter studies using GFP fluorescence as reporter. The black-white screening due to the concurrent elimination of pks1 and phs1 (carotenoids) allows to identify transformants that contain the two expression constructs for co-localization or bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) studies. The co-localization and interaction of the two K. petricola White Collar orthologs were demonstrated. Two intergenic regions (igr1, igr2) were identified in which expression constructs can be inserted without causing obvious phenotypes. Plasmids of the pNXR-XXX series and new compatible entry plasmids were used for fast and easy generation of expression constructs and are suitable for a broad implementation in other fungi. This variety of genetic tools is opening a completely new perspective for mechanistic and very detailed study of expression, functioning and regulation of the genes/proteins encoded by the genomes of black fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen A. Erdmann
- Department of Materials and the Environment, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology Chemistry Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Nitsche
- Department of Materials and the Environment, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology Chemistry Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna A. Gorbushina
- Department of Materials and the Environment, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology Chemistry Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Earth Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Department of Materials and the Environment, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology Chemistry Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Trutwin-Bornhöft S, Schumacher J, Döring I, Hennen D. [Drug Therapy Safety in Outpatient Care Services]. Gesundheitswesen 2022; 85:427-434. [PMID: 35213897 DOI: 10.1055/a-1727-5672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to frequent multi-medication, older people are particularly vulnerable to adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which increase hospitalisation and mortality rates. If specially trained pharmacists and nursing staff assume more responsibility in the use of medicines by the elderly, risks can be avoided. METHODS A voluntary survey was conducted with care managers of ambulatory care services using a predefined survey questionnaire, and the medicines stored and provided were examined. RESULTS Medicines were stored in 76% of the 104 ambulatory care services surveyed. In 63% of these, medicines in stock were examined, and in 55% a comparison was made between prescribed and provided medicines. Deficiencies were found in about half of the inspected boxes and dosettes. On average, 1.5 errors were found per checked unit; 40% of the nursing services left the medicines in the vehicle for 3 to 6 hours when transporting them to the client. Regular meetings with doctors' practices or pharmacies were conducted by less than 35% of the these services. In 41 out of the 104 services surveyed, investigators monitoring therapy rated the performance of the nursing staff positively. CONCLUSIONS Therapy monitoring and cooperation of ambulatory care services with other health professionals, especially with pharmacists, needs to be improved. More care and control (e. g., through the four-eyes principle) should be exercised, especially in the provision of medicines. In future, further precisely conducted and representative surveys on medication processes in outpatient care need to be carried out. Analogous to existing studies, there were indications of quality and communication problems as well as weaknesses in therapy monitoring in ambulatory care services. Sources of error were mainly found in storage and transport of medicines. Errors were also evident in the provision of medicines. Due to the lack of participation obligations, the results of the study are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Inge Döring
- Gesundheitsamt Kreis Heinsberg, Heinsberg, Germany
| | - Desirée Hennen
- Arzneimittelversorgung, Apotheke an der Voltmannstraße, Bielefeld, Germany
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22
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Zhang H, Perez-Garcia P, Dierkes RF, Applegate V, Schumacher J, Chibani CM, Sternagel S, Preuss L, Weigert S, Schmeisser C, Danso D, Pleiss J, Almeida A, Höcker B, Hallam SJ, Schmitz RA, Smits SHJ, Chow J, Streit WR. The Bacteroidetes Aequorivita sp. and Kaistella jeonii Produce Promiscuous Esterases With PET-Hydrolyzing Activity. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:803896. [PMID: 35069509 PMCID: PMC8767016 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.803896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain members of the Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria are known to degrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Here, we describe the first functional PET-active enzymes from the Bacteroidetes phylum. Using a PETase-specific Hidden-Markov-Model- (HMM-) based search algorithm, we identified several PETase candidates from Flavobacteriaceae and Porphyromonadaceae. Among them, two promiscuous and cold-active esterases derived from Aequorivita sp. (PET27) and Kaistella jeonii (PET30) showed depolymerizing activity on polycaprolactone (PCL), amorphous PET foil and on the polyester polyurethane Impranil® DLN. PET27 is a 37.8 kDa enzyme that released an average of 174.4 nmol terephthalic acid (TPA) after 120 h at 30°C from a 7 mg PET foil platelet in a 200 μl reaction volume, 38-times more than PET30 (37.4 kDa) released under the same conditions. The crystal structure of PET30 without its C-terminal Por-domain (PET30ΔPorC) was solved at 2.1 Å and displays high structural similarity to the IsPETase. PET30 shows a Phe-Met-Tyr substrate binding motif, which seems to be a unique feature, as IsPETase, LCC and PET2 all contain Tyr-Met-Trp binding residues, while PET27 possesses a Phe-Met-Trp motif that is identical to Cut190. Microscopic analyses showed that K. jeonii cells are indeed able to bind on and colonize PET surfaces after a few days of incubation. Homologs of PET27 and PET30 were detected in metagenomes, predominantly aquatic habitats, encompassing a wide range of different global climate zones and suggesting a hitherto unknown influence of this bacterial phylum on man-made polymer degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pablo Perez-Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Molecular Microbiology, Institute for General Microbiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert F Dierkes
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Violetta Applegate
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Cynthia Maria Chibani
- Molecular Microbiology, Institute for General Microbiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sternagel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lena Preuss
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weigert
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christel Schmeisser
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Danso
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Juergen Pleiss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alexandre Almeida
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Birte Höcker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Steven J Hallam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Genome Science and Technology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- ECOSCOPE Training Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ruth A Schmitz
- Molecular Microbiology, Institute for General Microbiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sander H J Smits
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Chow
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Streit
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Nitz U, Gluz O, Christgen M, Grischke EM, Augustin D, Kuemmel S, Braun M, Potenberg J, Kohls A, Krauss K, Stefek A, Schumacher C, Forstbauer H, Reimer T, Fischer H, Liedtke C, Wuerstlein R, Schumacher J, Kates R, Kreipe H, Harbeck N. Corrigendum to “De-escalation strategies in HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC): final analysis of the WSG-ADAPT HER2+/HR− phase II trial: efficacy, safety, and predictive markers for 12weeks of neoadjuvant dual blockade with trastuzumab and pertuzumab ± weekly paclitaxel”. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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24
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Hamilton CA, Schumacher J, Matthews F, Taylor JP, Allan L, Barnett N, Cromarty RA, Donaghy PC, Durcan R, Firbank M, Lawley S, O'Brien JT, Roberts G, Thomas AJ. Slowing on quantitative EEG is associated with transition to dementia in mild cognitive impairment. Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:1321-1325. [PMID: 34551831 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610221001083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities are greater in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) than in MCI due to Alzheimer's disease (MCI-AD) and may anticipate the onset of dementia. We aimed to assess whether quantitative EEG (qEEG) slowing would predict a higher annual hazard of dementia in MCI across these etiologies. MCI patients (n = 92) and healthy comparators (n = 31) provided qEEG recording and underwent longitudinal clinical and cognitive follow-up. Associations between qEEG slowing, measured by increased theta/alpha ratio, and clinical progression from MCI to dementia were estimated with a multistate transition model to account for death as a competing risk, while controlling for age, cognitive function, and etiology classified by an expert consensus panel.Over a mean follow-up of 1.5 years (SD = 0.5), 14 cases of incident dementia and 5 deaths were observed. Increased theta/alpha ratio on qEEG was associated with increased annual hazard of dementia (hazard ratio = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.01-3.35). This extends previous findings that MCI-LB features early functional changes, showing that qEEG slowing may anticipate the onset of dementia in prospectively identified MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum A Hamilton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fiona Matthews
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Louise Allan
- Institute of Health Research, South Cloisters, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Nicola Barnett
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ruth A Cromarty
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paul C Donaghy
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rory Durcan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michael Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sarah Lawley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, Herschel Smith Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gemma Roberts
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Building, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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25
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Schumacher J, Gunter JL, Przybelski SA, Jones DT, Graff-Radford J, Savica R, Schwarz CG, Senjem ML, Jack CR, Lowe VJ, Knopman DS, Fields JA, Kremers WK, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford NR, Ferman TJ, Boeve BF, Thomas AJ, Taylor JP, Kantarci K. Dementia with Lewy bodies: association of Alzheimer pathology with functional connectivity networks. Brain 2021; 144:3212-3225. [PMID: 34114602 PMCID: PMC8634124 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is neuropathologically defined by the presence of α-synuclein aggregates, but many DLB cases show concurrent Alzheimer's disease pathology in the form of amyloid-β plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles. The first objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Alzheimer's disease co-pathology on functional network changes within the default mode network (DMN) in DLB. Second, we studied how the distribution of tau pathology measured with PET relates to functional connectivity in DLB. Twenty-seven DLB, 26 Alzheimer's disease and 99 cognitively unimpaired participants (balanced on age and sex to the DLB group) underwent tau-PET with AV-1451 (flortaucipir), amyloid-β-PET with Pittsburgh compound-B (PiB) and resting-state functional MRI scans. The resing-state functional MRI data were used to assess functional connectivity within the posterior DMN. This was then correlated with overall cortical flortaucipir PET and PiB PET standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr). The strength of interregional functional connectivity was assessed using the Schaefer atlas. Tau-PET covariance was measured as the correlation in flortaucipir SUVr between any two regions across participants. The association between region-to-region functional connectivity and tau-PET covariance was assessed using linear regression. Additionally, we identified the region with highest and the region with lowest tau SUVrs (tau hot- and cold spots) and tested whether tau SUVr in all other brain regions was associated with the strength of functional connectivity to these tau hot and cold spots. A reduction in posterior DMN connectivity correlated with overall higher cortical tau- (r = -0.39, P = 0.04) and amyloid-PET uptake (r = -0.41, P = 0.03) in the DLB group, i.e. patients with DLB who have more concurrent Alzheimer's disease pathology showed a more severe loss of DMN connectivity. Higher functional connectivity between regions was associated with higher tau covariance in cognitively unimpaired, Alzheimer's disease and DLB. Furthermore, higher functional connectivity of a target region to the tau hotspot (i.e. inferior/medial temporal cortex) was related to higher flortaucipir SUVrs in the target region, whereas higher functional connectivity to the tau cold spot (i.e. sensory-motor cortex) was related to lower flortaucipir SUVr in the target region. Our findings suggest that a higher burden of Alzheimer's disease co-pathology in patients with DLB is associated with more Alzheimer's disease-like changes in functional connectivity. Furthermore, we found an association between the brain's functional network architecture and the distribution of tau pathology that has recently been described in Alzheimer's disease. We show that this relationship also exists in patients with DLB, indicating that similar mechanisms of connectivity-dependent occurrence of tau pathology might be at work in both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Gunter
- Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Scott A Przybelski
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David T Jones
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Rodolfo Savica
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Matthew L Senjem
- Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Julie A Fields
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Walter K Kremers
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Tanis J Ferman
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Alan J Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Kejal Kantarci
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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26
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Ahmed F, Ahmad G, Schumacher J, Brand T. Social media influencer marketing to build a counter-narrative for promoting sexuality education. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A recent cross sectional community readiness assessment carried out in Islamabad, Pakistan indicated that the community is at the denial or resistant stage for implementing school-based sexuality education in Pakistan. The resistance was attributed to lack of awareness and prevalent misconceptions regarding sexuality education. This study aims at qualitatively exploring strategies for targeting misconceptions and increase awareness regarding sexuality education with stakeholder involvement.
Methods
35 in-depth interviews and a focus group discussion was conducted to discuss the results of the readiness assessment comprising of community members, researchers, NGO representatives, and social media influencers. Discussion guide included topics on engagement strategies, intervention modes of delivery, target audience, misconceptions, community support, and optimizing sexuality education in local context. Qualitative content analysis was conducted for analyzing the data.
Results
Results indicate that current community support is usually passive in nature and digital or social media platforms are mostly used to talk about sexuality education. Participants believed social media can be used as a platform for disseminating information by involving social media influencers with careful narrative building around sexuality for rebranding the topic, as talking about sexuality is seen as a taboo in the society. Targeting misconceptions through counter narratives and scientific evidence was considered as a way forward for increasing community acceptability and readiness. Violence, staying safe, and age appropriateness were identified as some of the key features of sexuality education that need to be highlighted for garnering community support.
Conclusions
For promoting sexuality education in Pakistan, it is essential to tackle resistance by sensitizing the community and digital social media platforms offer an opportunity to do this through influencer marketing.
Key messages
Digital and social media offer an opportunity for promoting sexuality education in conservative settings like Pakistan. Social media influencer marketing might be useful in building counter narrative and for community engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ahmed
- Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - G Ahmad
- International Business & Marketing, NUST Business School, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - J Schumacher
- Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - T Brand
- Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany
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27
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Schumacher J, Ray NJ, Hamilton CA, Donaghy PC, Firbank M, Roberts G, Allan L, Durcan R, Barnett N, O'Brien JT, Taylor JP, Thomas AJ. Cholinergic white matter pathways in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease. Brain 2021; 145:1773-1784. [PMID: 34605858 PMCID: PMC9166545 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients who have dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease show early degeneration of the cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert. However, how white matter projections between the nucleus basalis of Meynert and the cortex are altered in neurodegenerative disease is unknown. Tractography of white matter pathways originating from the nucleus basalis of Meynert was performed using diffusion-weighted imaging in 46 patients with Alzheimer’s disease dementia, 48 with dementia with Lewy bodies, 35 with mild cognitive impairment with Alzheimer’s disease, 38 with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies and 71 control participants. Mean diffusivity of the resulting pathways was compared between groups and related to cognition, attention, functional EEG changes and dementia conversion in the mild cognitive impairment groups. We successfully tracked a medial and a lateral pathway from the nucleus basalis of Meynert. Mean diffusivity of the lateral pathway was higher in both dementia and mild cognitive impairment groups than controls (all P < 0.03). In the patient groups, increased mean diffusivity of this pathway was related to more impaired global cognition (β = −0.22, P = 0.06) and worse performance on an attention task (β = 0.30, P = 0.03). In patients with mild cognitive impairment, loss of integrity of both nucleus basalis of Meynert pathways was associated with increased risk of dementia progression [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval), medial pathway: 2.51 (1.24–5.09); lateral pathway: 2.54 (1.24–5.19)]. Nucleus basalis of Meynert volume was reduced in all clinical groups compared to controls (all P < 0.001), but contributed less strongly to cognitive impairment and was not associated with attention or dementia conversion. EEG slowing in the patient groups as assessed by a decrease in dominant frequency was associated with smaller nucleus basalis of Meynert volumes (β = 0.22, P = 0.02) and increased mean diffusivity of the lateral pathway (β = −0.47, P = 0.003). We show that degeneration of the cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies is accompanied by an early reduction in integrity of white matter projections that originate from this structure. This is more strongly associated with cognition and attention than the volume of the nucleus basalis of Meynert itself and might be an early indicator of increased risk of dementia conversion in people with mild cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Nicola J Ray
- Health, Psychology and Communities Research Centre, Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Calum A Hamilton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Paul C Donaghy
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Michael Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Gemma Roberts
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Louise Allan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.,Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rory Durcan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Nicola Barnett
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
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28
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O’Callaghan C, Firbank M, Tomassini A, Schumacher J, O’Brien JT, Taylor JP. Impaired sensory evidence accumulation and network function in Lewy body dementia. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab089. [PMID: 34396098 PMCID: PMC8361397 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficits in attention underpin many of the cognitive and neuropsychiatric features of Lewy body dementia. These attention-related symptoms remain difficult to treat and there are many gaps in our understanding of their neurobiology. An improved understanding of attention-related impairments can be achieved via mathematical modelling approaches, which identify cognitive parameters to provide an intermediate level between observed behavioural data and its underlying neural correlate. Here, we apply this approach to identify the role of impaired sensory evidence accumulation in the attention deficits that characterize Lewy body dementia. In 31 people with Lewy body dementia (including 13 Parkinson's disease dementia and 18 dementia with Lewy bodies cases), 16 people with Alzheimer's disease, and 23 healthy controls, we administered an attention task whilst they underwent functional 3 T MRI. Using hierarchical Bayesian estimation of a drift-diffusion model, we decomposed task performance into drift rate and decision boundary parameters. We tested the hypothesis that the drift rate-a measure of the quality of sensory evidence accumulation-is specifically impaired in Lewy body dementia, compared to Alzheimer's disease. We further explored whether trial-by-trial variations in the drift rate related to activity within the default and dorsal attention networks, to determine whether altered activity in these networks was associated with slowed drift rates in Lewy body dementia. Our results revealed slower drift rates in the Lewy body dementia compared to the Alzheimer's disease group, whereas the patient groups were equivalent for their decision boundaries. The patient groups were reduced relative to controls for both parameters. This highlights sensory evidence accumulation deficits as a key feature that distinguishes attention impairments in Lewy body dementia, consistent with impaired ability to efficiently process information from the environment to guide behaviour. We also found that the drift rate was strongly related to activity in the dorsal attention network across all three groups, whereas the Lewy body dementia group showed a divergent relationship relative to the Alzheimer's disease and control groups for the default network, consistent with altered default network modulation being associated with impaired evidence accumulation. Together, our findings reveal impaired sensory evidence accumulation as a specific marker of attention problems in Lewy body dementia, which may relate to large-scale network abnormalities. By identifying impairments in a specific sub-process of attention, these findings will inform future exploratory and intervention studies that aim to understand and treat attention-related symptoms that are a key feature of Lewy body dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire O’Callaghan
- Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Michael Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Alessandro Tomassini
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - John T O’Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
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29
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Reid Hanson
- Department of Clinical Science Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - J. Schumacher
- Department of Clinical Science Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
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30
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Schumacher J, Taylor JP, Hamilton CA, Firbank M, Donaghy PC, Roberts G, Allan L, Durcan R, Barnett N, O'Brien JT, Thomas AJ. Functional connectivity in mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies. J Neurol 2021; 268:4707-4720. [PMID: 33928432 PMCID: PMC8563567 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous resting-state fMRI studies in dementia with Lewy bodies have described changes in functional connectivity in networks related to cognition, motor function, and attention as well as alterations in connectivity dynamics. However, whether these changes occur early in the course of the disease and are already evident at the stage of mild cognitive impairment is not clear. We studied resting-state fMRI data from 31 patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies compared to 28 patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease and 24 age-matched controls. We compared the groups with respect to within- and between-network functional connectivity. Additionally, we applied two different approaches to study dynamic functional connectivity (sliding-window analysis and leading eigenvector dynamic analysis). We did not find any significant changes in the mild cognitive impairment groups compared to controls and no differences between the two mild cognitive impairment groups, using static as well as dynamic connectivity measures. While patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies already show clear functional abnormalities on EEG measures, the fMRI analyses presented here do not appear to be sensitive enough to detect such early and subtle changes in brain function in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Calum A Hamilton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Michael Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Paul C Donaghy
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Gemma Roberts
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Louise Allan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.,Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rory Durcan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Nicola Barnett
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
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31
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Kelmer G, Cypher E, Schumacher J. Simple techniques to decrease tension on sutured wounds of horses. EQUINE VET EDUC 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Kelmer
- Large Animal Department Veterinary Teaching Hospital Koret School of Veterinary Medicine The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot Israel
| | - E. Cypher
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - J. Schumacher
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
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32
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Schumacher J, Taylor JP, Hamilton CA, Firbank M, Cromarty RA, Donaghy PC, Roberts G, Allan L, Lloyd J, Durcan R, Barnett N, O'Brien JT, Thomas AJ. In vivo nucleus basalis of Meynert degeneration in mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 30:102604. [PMID: 33711623 PMCID: PMC7972982 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) degeneration occurs early in Lewy body dementia. NBM degeneration is related to cognitive impairment in MCI with Lewy bodies. EEG slowing in MCI patients is related to the severity of NBM degeneration.
Objectives To investigate in vivo degeneration of the cholinergic system in mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB), we studied nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) volumes from structural MR images and its relation to EEG slowing and cognitive impairment. Methods We studied the NBM using structural MR images in 37 patients with MCI-LB, 34 patients with MCI with Alzheimer’s disease (MCI-AD), and 31 healthy control participants. We also tested correlations between NBM volumes and measures of overall cognition and measures of EEG slowing in the MCI groups. Results Overall NBM volume was reduced in MCI-LB compared to controls with no significant difference between MCI-AD and controls or between the two MCI groups. The voxel-wise analysis revealed bilateral clusters of reduced NBM volume in MCI-LB compared to controls and smaller clusters in MCI-AD compared to controls. There was a significant association between overall NBM volume and measures of overall cognition in MCI-LB, but not in MCI-AD. In both MCI groups, reduced NBM volume was correlated with more severe EEG slowing. Conclusions This study provides in vivo evidence that early cholinergic degeneration in DLB occurs at the MCI stage and is related to the severity of cognitive impairment. Furthermore, the results suggest that early EEG slowing in MCI-LB might be in part cholinergically driven. Importantly, these findings suggest an early cholinergic deficit in MCI-LB that may motivate further testing of the effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom.
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Calum A Hamilton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth A Cromarty
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Paul C Donaghy
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Roberts
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Allan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom; Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Lloyd
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NFS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rory Durcan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Barnett
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0SP, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
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Hanson RR, Schumacher J. Diagnosis, management and prognosis of large colon impactions. EQUINE VET EDUC 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Reid Hanson
- Department of Clinical Sciences JT Vaughan Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - J. Schumacher
- Department of Clinical Sciences JT Vaughan Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
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Reid Hanson R, Schumacher J. Diagnosis, management and prognosis of small colon impactions. EQUINE VET EDUC 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Reid Hanson
- Department of Clinical Sciences JT Vaughan Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - J. Schumacher
- Department of Clinical Sciences JT Vaughan Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
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Selbmann L, Benkő Z, Coleine C, de Hoog S, Donati C, Druzhinina I, Emri T, Ettinger CL, Gladfelter AS, Gorbushina AA, Grigoriev IV, Grube M, Gunde-Cimerman N, Karányi ZÁ, Kocsis B, Kubressoian T, Miklós I, Miskei M, Muggia L, Northen T, Novak-Babič M, Pennacchio C, Pfliegler WP, Pòcsi I, Prigione V, Riquelme M, Segata N, Schumacher J, Shelest E, Sterflinger K, Tesei D, U’Ren JM, Varese GC, Vázquez-Campos X, Vicente VA, Souza EM, Zalar P, Walker AK, Stajich JE. Shed Light in the DaRk LineagES of the Fungal Tree of Life-STRES. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10120362. [PMID: 33352712 PMCID: PMC7767062 DOI: 10.3390/life10120362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The polyphyletic group of black fungi within the Ascomycota (Arthoniomycetes, Dothideomycetes, and Eurotiomycetes) is ubiquitous in natural and anthropogenic habitats. Partly because of their dark, melanin-based pigmentation, black fungi are resistant to stresses including UV- and ionizing-radiation, heat and desiccation, toxic metals, and organic pollutants. Consequently, they are amongst the most stunning extremophiles and poly-extreme-tolerant organisms on Earth. Even though ca. 60 black fungal genomes have been sequenced to date, [mostly in the family Herpotrichiellaceae (Eurotiomycetes)], the class Dothideomycetes that hosts the largest majority of extremophiles has only been sparsely sampled. By sequencing up to 92 species that will become reference genomes, the “Shed light in The daRk lineagES of the fungal tree of life” (STRES) project will cover a broad collection of black fungal diversity spread throughout the Fungal Tree of Life. Interestingly, the STRES project will focus on mostly unsampled genera that display different ecologies and life-styles (e.g., ant- and lichen-associated fungi, rock-inhabiting fungi, etc.). With a resequencing strategy of 10- to 15-fold depth coverage of up to ~550 strains, numerous new reference genomes will be established. To identify metabolites and functional processes, these new genomic resources will be enriched with metabolomics analyses coupled with transcriptomics experiments on selected species under various stress conditions (salinity, dryness, UV radiation, oligotrophy). The data acquired will serve as a reference and foundation for establishing an encyclopedic database for fungal metagenomics as well as the biology, evolution, and ecology of the fungi in extreme environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Selbmann
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
- Section of Mycology, Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA), 16121 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (J.E.S.); Tel.: +39-0761-357012 (L.S.); +1-951-827-2363 (J.E.S.)
| | - Zsigmond Benkő
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.B.); (T.E.); (B.K.); (W.P.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Claudia Coleine
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | - Sybren de Hoog
- Center of Expertise in Mycology of Radboud University Medical Center, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, 6532 Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Claudio Donati
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy;
| | - Irina Druzhinina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Tamás Emri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.B.); (T.E.); (B.K.); (W.P.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Cassie L. Ettinger
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Microbiology & Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Amy S. Gladfelter
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
| | - Anna A. Gorbushina
- Department of Materials and Environment, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 10115 Berlin, Germany; (A.A.G.); (J.S.)
- Department of Earth Sciences & Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität, Berlin 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor V. Grigoriev
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (I.V.G.); (T.N.); (C.P.)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Martin Grube
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz A-8010, Austria;
| | - Nina Gunde-Cimerman
- Department Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.G.-C.); (M.N.-B.); (P.Z.)
| | - Zsolt Ákos Karányi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Beatrix Kocsis
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.B.); (T.E.); (B.K.); (W.P.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Tania Kubressoian
- Microbiology & Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Ida Miklós
- Department of Genetics and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Márton Miskei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Lucia Muggia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34121 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Trent Northen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (I.V.G.); (T.N.); (C.P.)
| | - Monika Novak-Babič
- Department Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.G.-C.); (M.N.-B.); (P.Z.)
| | - Christa Pennacchio
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (I.V.G.); (T.N.); (C.P.)
| | - Walter P. Pfliegler
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.B.); (T.E.); (B.K.); (W.P.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Istvàn Pòcsi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.B.); (T.E.); (B.K.); (W.P.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Valeria Prigione
- Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (V.P.); (G.C.V.)
| | - Meritxell Riquelme
- Department of Microbiology, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Baja California 22980, Mexico;
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Department of Materials and Environment, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), 10115 Berlin, Germany; (A.A.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Ekaterina Shelest
- Centre for Enzyme Innovation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2UP, UK;
| | - Katja Sterflinger
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Technology in the Arts, Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, Vienna 22180, Austria;
| | - Donatella Tesei
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna 22180, Austria;
| | - Jana M. U’Ren
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Giovanna C. Varese
- Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (V.P.); (G.C.V.)
| | - Xabier Vázquez-Campos
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2006, Australia;
| | - Vania A. Vicente
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná E3100, Brazil; (V.A.V.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Emanuel M. Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná E3100, Brazil; (V.A.V.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Polona Zalar
- Department Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.G.-C.); (M.N.-B.); (P.Z.)
| | - Allison K. Walker
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada;
| | - Jason E. Stajich
- Microbiology & Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (J.E.S.); Tel.: +39-0761-357012 (L.S.); +1-951-827-2363 (J.E.S.)
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Schumacher J, Fuchs M, Basrai M, Seethaler B, Bischoff S. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk in women with genetic predisposition due to BRCA1/2 mutations. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Schumacher J, Gunter JL, Przybelski SA, Jones DT, Graff‐Radford J, Savica R, Schwarz CG, Senjem ML, Jack CR, Lowe VJ, Knopman DS, Fields JA, Kremers WK, Petersen RC, Graff‐Radford NR, Ferman TJ, Boeve BF, Thomas AJ, Taylor J, Kantarci K. Functional connectivity is associated with tau spreading in dementia with Lewy bodies. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.037681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alan J. Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | - John‐Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
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38
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Magri C, Schramme M, Nottrott K, Schweizer‐Gorgas D, Segard E, Kelly G, Schumacher J. Coronoidectomy as a treatment for mandibular immobility caused by fracture of the coronoid process in three horses. EQUINE VET EDUC 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Magri
- Clinéquine VetAgro Sup Marcy l’Etoile France
| | - M. Schramme
- Clinéquine VetAgro Sup Marcy l’Etoile France
| | - K. Nottrott
- Clinéquine VetAgro Sup Marcy l’Etoile France
| | - D. Schweizer‐Gorgas
- Section of Diagnostic Imaging Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne Berne Switzerland
| | - E. Segard
- Clinéquine VetAgro Sup Marcy l’Etoile France
| | - G. Kelly
- Fethard Equine Hospital Fethard Tipperary Ireland
| | - J. Schumacher
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
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Greither T, Schumacher J, Dejung M, Behre HM, Zischler H, Butter F, Herlyn H. Fertility Relevance Probability Analysis Shortlists Genetic Markers for Male Fertility Impairment. Cytogenet Genome Res 2020; 160:506-522. [PMID: 33238277 DOI: 10.1159/000511117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of male fertility is one of the major public health issues worldwide. Nevertheless, genetic causes of male sub- and infertility can often only be suspected due to the lack of reliable and easy-to-use routine tests. Yet, the development of a marker panel is complicated by the large quantity of potentially predictive markers. Actually, hundreds or even thousands of genes could have fertility relevance. Thus, a systematic method enabling a selection of the most predictive markers out of the many candidates is required. As a criterion for marker selection, we derived a gene-specific score, which we refer to as fertility relevance probability (FRP). For this purpose, we first categorized 2,753 testis-expressed genes as either candidate markers or non-candidates, according to phenotypes in male knockout mice. In a parallel approach, 2,502 genes were classified as candidate markers or non-candidates based on phenotypes in men. Subsequently, we conducted logistic regression analyses with evolutionary rates of genes (dN/dS), transcription levels in testis relative to other organs, and connectivity of the encoded proteins in a protein-protein interaction network as covariates. In confirmation of the procedure, FRP values showed the expected pattern, thus being overall higher in genes with known relevance for fertility than in their counterparts without corresponding evidence. In addition, higher FRP values corresponded with an increased dysregulation of protein abundance in spermatozoa of 37 men with normal and 38 men with impaired fertility. Present analyses resulted in a ranking of genes according to their probable predictive power as candidate markers for male fertility impairment. Thus, AKAP4, TNP1, DAZL, BRDT, DMRT1, SPO11, ZPBP, HORMAD1, and SMC1B are prime candidates toward a marker panel for male fertility impairment. Additional candidate markers are DDX4, SHCBP1L, CCDC155, ODF1, DMRTB1, ASZ1, BOLL, FKBP6, SLC25A31, PRSS21, and RNF17. FRP inference additionally provides clues for potential new markers, thereunder TEX37 and POU4F2. The results of our logistic regression analyses are freely available at the PreFer Genes website (https://prefer-genes.uni-mainz.de/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Greither
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mario Dejung
- Quantitative Proteomics, Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hermann M Behre
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Hans Zischler
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Falk Butter
- Quantitative Proteomics, Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Herlyn
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany,
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40
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Schumacher J, Greig P. A quantitative evaluation of aerosol generation during tracheal intubation and extubation: a response. Anaesthesia 2020; 76 Suppl 3:14-15. [PMID: 33169836 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Schumacher
- King's College London, St. Thomas' Campus, London, UK
| | - P Greig
- St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Zetterström
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine J. T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - R. Hanson
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine J. T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - A. Velloso Alvarez
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine J. T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - F. Caldwell
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine J. T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - L. Boone
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine J. T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - J. Schumacher
- Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine J. T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
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42
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Livesey LC, Yorke E, Parra A, Gray Q, Davies C, Weldon D, Schumacher J, Kimura S, Howard C, Sierra‐Rodriguez T, Mora‐Pereira M. Use of a carbonated beverage to disintegrate a phytobezoar obstructing the intrathoracic portion of the oesophagus of a horse. EQUINE VET EDUC 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. C. Livesey
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - E. Yorke
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - A. Parra
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - Q. Gray
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - C. Davies
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - D. Weldon
- Southeast Equine Veterinary Services Phenix City AlabamaUSA
| | - J. Schumacher
- J.T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn Alabama USA
| | - S. Kimura
- J.T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn Alabama USA
| | - C. Howard
- Bluegrass Animal Clinic Grayson Kentucky USA
| | - T. Sierra‐Rodriguez
- J.T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn Alabama USA
| | - M. Mora‐Pereira
- J.T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn Alabama USA
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43
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Bakenecker AC, Schumacher J, Blümler P, Gräfe K, Ahlborg M, M Buzug T. A concept for a magnetic particle imaging scanner with Halbach arrays. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:195014. [PMID: 32155606 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab7e7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new medical imaging technique visualizing the concentration distribution of superparamagnetic nanoparticles used as tracer material. MPI is not yet in clinical routine, since one of the challenges is the upscaling of scanners. Typically, the magnetic fields of MPI scanners are generated electromagnetically, resulting in an immense power consumption but providing high flexibility in terms of adjusting the field strengths and very fast image acquisition rates. Permanent magnets provide high flux densities and do not need any power supply. However, the flux density is not adjustable, and a mechanical movement is slow compared to electromagnetically varying fields. The MPI scanner concept proposed here uses permanent magnets and provides high flexibility, with the possibility to choose between fast overview scanning and detailed image acquisition. By mechanical rotation of magnetic rings in Halbach array configuration, it is possible to adjust the field or gradient strengths. The latter allows for determining the spatial resolution and the size of the field of view. A continuous mechanical rotation defines the coarseness of the scanning trajectory and image acquisition rate. This concept provides a comparable flexibility, as an alternating magnetic field and an adjustable field gradient can be applied as known from electromagnetically driven MPI systems, and therefore yields high potential for an enlarged system. We present the idea of an arrangement of Halbach arrays and how to calculate the generated magnetic fields. Simulations for an exemplary geometry are provided to show the potential of the proposed setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Bakenecker
- Institute of Medical Engineering, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
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44
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Schumacher J, Meyer D, Friedland J, Güttel R. Modeling and simulation of non‐isothermal catalyst pellets for unsteady‐state methanation of CO/CO
2
mixtures. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Schumacher
- Universität Ulm Institut für Chemieingenieurwesen Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - D. Meyer
- Universität Ulm Institut für Chemieingenieurwesen Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - J. Friedland
- Universität Ulm Institut für Chemieingenieurwesen Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - R. Güttel
- Universität Ulm Institut für Chemieingenieurwesen Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
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Meyer D, Schumacher J, Friedland J, Güttel R. Investigations on flexible operation of the methanation process with CO/CO
2
mixtures. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Meyer
- Universität Ulm Institut für Chemieingenieurwesen Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - J. Schumacher
- Universität Ulm Institut für Chemieingenieurwesen Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - J. Friedland
- Universität Ulm Institut für Chemieingenieurwesen Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - R. Güttel
- Universität Ulm Institut für Chemieingenieurwesen Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
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46
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Kwiatkowski M, Asif AR, Schumacher J, Brenig B, Zischler H, Herlyn H. Intra-Protein Coevolution Is Increasingly Functional with Greater Proximity to Fertilization. Cytogenet Genome Res 2020; 160:295-308. [PMID: 32683365 DOI: 10.1159/000509584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramolecular coevolution of amino acid sites has repeatedly been studied to improve predictions on protein structure and function. Thereby, the focus was on bacterial proteins with available crystallographic data. However, intramolecular coevolution has not yet been compared between protein sets along a gradient of functional proximity to fertilization. This is especially true for the potential effect of external selective forces on intraprotein coevolution. In this study, we investigated both aspects in equally sized sets of mammalian proteins representing spermatozoa, testis, entire body, and liver. For coevolutionary analyses, we derived the proportion of covarying sites per protein from amino acid alignments of 10 mammalian orthologues each. In confirmation of the validity of our coevolution proxy, we found positive associations with the nonsynonymous or amino acid substitution rate in all protein sets. However, our coevolution proxy negatively correlated with the number of protein interactants (node degree) in male reproductive protein sets alone. In addition, a negative association of our coevolution proxy with protein hydrophobicity was significant in sperm proteins only. Accordingly, the restrictive effect of protein interactants was most pronounced in male reproductive proteins, and the tendency of sperm proteins to form internal structures decreased the more coevolutionary sites they had. Both aspects illustrate that the share of outward and thus functional coevolution increases with greater proximity to fertilization. We found this conclusion confirmed by additional comparisons within sperm proteins. Thus, sperm proteins with high hydrophobicity had the lowest proportions of covarying sites and, according to gene annotations, localized more frequently to internal cellular structures. They should therefore be less exposed to postcopulatory forms of sexual selection. Their counterparts with low hydrophobicity had larger proportions of covarying sites and more often resided at the cell membrane or were secreted. At the cellular level, they are thus closer to externally induced forces of postcopulatory selection which are known for their potential to increase substitution rates. In addition, we show that the intermediary status of the testicular protein set in correlation analyses is probably due to a special combination of reproductive and somatic involvements.
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Schumacher J, Taylor JP, Hamilton CA, Firbank M, Cromarty RA, Donaghy PC, Roberts G, Allan L, Lloyd J, Durcan R, Barnett N, O'Brien JT, Thomas AJ. Quantitative EEG as a biomarker in mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:82. [PMID: 32641111 PMCID: PMC7346501 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate using quantitative EEG the (1) differences between patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) and MCI with Alzheimer’s disease (MCI-AD) and (2) its utility as a potential biomarker for early differential diagnosis. Methods We analyzed eyes-closed, resting-state, high-density EEG data from highly phenotyped participants (39 MCI-LB, 36 MCI-AD, and 31 healthy controls). EEG measures included spectral power in different frequency bands (delta, theta, pre-alpha, alpha, and beta), theta/alpha ratio, dominant frequency, and dominant frequency variability. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to assess diagnostic accuracy. Results There was a shift in power from beta and alpha frequency bands towards slower frequencies in the pre-alpha and theta range in MCI-LB compared to healthy controls. Additionally, the dominant frequency was slower in MCI-LB compared to controls. We found significantly increased pre-alpha power, decreased beta power, and slower dominant frequency in MCI-LB compared to MCI-AD. EEG abnormalities were more apparent in MCI-LB cases with more diagnostic features. There were no significant differences between MCI-AD and controls. In the ROC analysis to distinguish MCI-LB from MCI-AD, beta power and dominant frequency showed the highest area under the curve values of 0.71 and 0.70, respectively. While specificity was high for some measures (up to 0.97 for alpha power and 0.94 for theta/alpha ratio), sensitivity was generally much lower. Conclusions Early EEG slowing is a specific feature of MCI-LB compared to MCI-AD. However, there is an overlap between the two MCI groups which makes it difficult to distinguish between them based on EEG alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Calum A Hamilton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Michael Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Ruth A Cromarty
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Paul C Donaghy
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Gemma Roberts
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Louise Allan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.,Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jim Lloyd
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rory Durcan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Nicola Barnett
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
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Schumacher J, Peter RS, Nagel G, Rothenbacher D, Rosenbohm A, Ludolph AC, Dorst J. Statins, diabetes mellitus and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: data from 501 patients of a population-based registry in southwest Germany. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:1405-1414. [PMID: 32396653 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A wide variety of metabolic changes, including an increased incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidaemia, has been described in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of statin use and history of DM with onset of disease and survival in patients with ALS. METHODS In all, 501 patients (mean age 65.2 ± 10.9 years; 58.5% male) from the ALS Registry Swabia recruited between October 2010 and April 2016 were included in this prospective cohort study. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS Statin use (n = 65) was not associated with overall survival (P = 0.62). Age of ALS onset in patients with DM was 4.2 years later (95% confidence interval 1.3-7.2 years) than in patients without DM (P < 0.01). The overall survival of patients with high body mass index at study entry (>27.0 kg/m2 , upper quartile, n = 127) was prolonged by more than 5 months compared to patients with low body mass index (<22.0 kg/m2 , lower quartile, n = 123; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the view that statin use is not associated with overall survival of ALS patients, suggesting that statins are not harmful and should not be discontinued in ALS. Furthermore, the delayed onset of ALS in patients with DM may mirror the potentially protective metabolic profile associated with type 2 DM. Consistently, this study provides further evidence that high body mass index is a positive prognostic factor in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schumacher
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - R S Peter
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - G Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - D Rothenbacher
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Rosenbohm
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - A C Ludolph
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - J Dorst
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Schumacher J, Arlidge J, Dudley D, Sicinski M, Ahmad I. The impact of respiratory protective equipment on difficult airway management: a randomised, crossover, simulation study. Anaesthesia 2020; 75:1301-1306. [PMID: 32335900 PMCID: PMC7267320 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The current international COVID‐19 health crisis underlines the importance of adequate and suitable personal protective equipment for clinical staff during acute airway management. This study compares the impacts of standard air‐purifying respirators and powered air‐purifying respirators during simulated difficult airway scenarios. Twenty‐five anaesthetists carried out four different standardised difficult intubation drills, either unprotected (control), or wearing a standard or a powered respirator. Treatment times and wearer comfort were determined and compared. In the wearer comfort evaluation form, operators rated mobility, noise, heat, vision and speech intelligibility. All anaesthetists accomplished the treatment objectives of all study arms without adverse events. Total mean (SD) intubation times for the four interventions did not show significant differences between the powered and the standard respirator groups, being 16.4 (8.6) vs. 19.2 (5.2) seconds with the Airtraq™; 11.4 (3.4) vs. 10.0 (2.1) seconds with the videolaryngoscope; 39.2 (4.5) vs. 40.1 (4.8) seconds with the fibreoptic bronchoscope scope; and 15.4 (5.7) vs. 15.1 (5.0) seconds for standard tracheal intubation by direct laryngoscopy, respectively. Videolaryngoscopy allowed the shortest intubation times regardless of the respiratory protective device used. Anaesthetists rated heat and vision significantly higher in the powered respirator group; however, noise levels were perceived to be significantly lower than in the standard respirator group. We conclude that standard and powered respirators do not significantly prolong simulated advanced intubation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schumacher
- Department of Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Arlidge
- Department of Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Dudley
- Department of Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Sicinski
- Department of Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - I Ahmad
- Department of Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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O'Dowd S, Schumacher J, Burn DJ, Bonanni L, Onofrj M, Thomas A, Taylor JP. Fluctuating cognition in the Lewy body dementias. Brain 2020; 142:3338-3350. [PMID: 31411317 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluctuating cognition is a core diagnostic feature of dementia with Lewy bodies and is also a key clinical feature of Parkinson's disease dementia. These dementias share common pathological features and are referred to as Lewy body dementias. Whilst highly prevalent in Lewy body dementia, with up to 90% of patients experiencing the symptom at some point in the disease trajectory, clinical identification of fluctuating cognition is often challenging. Furthermore, its underlying pathophysiological processes remain unclear. However, neuroimaging and neurophysiological techniques have recently provided insight into potential drivers of the phenomenon. In this update, we review data pertaining to clinical features and underlying mechanisms of fluctuating cognition in Lewy body dementia. We collate evidence for different proposed aetiologies: fluctuating cognition as an attentional disorder, as a consequence of loss of cholinergic drive, as a manifestation of failure in neuronal efficiency and synchrony, and as a disorder of sleep/arousal. We also review data relating to putative mechanisms that have received less attention to date. Increased understanding of fluctuating cognition may help to illuminate pathophysiological mechanisms in cognitive processing in Lewy body dementia, guide future research, and facilitate the design of targeted therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seán O'Dowd
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Department of Neurology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24, Ireland; Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - David J Burn
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science and Aging Research Centre, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science and Aging Research Centre, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alan Thomas
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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