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Baxter MA, Denholm M, Kingdon SJ, Kathirgamakarthigeyan S, Parikh S, Shakir R, Johnson R, Martin H, Walton M, Yao W, Swan A, Samuelson C, Ren X, Cooper A, Gray HL, Clifton S, Ball J, Gullick G, Anderson M, Dodd L, Hayhurst H, Salama M, Shotton R, Britton F, Christodoulou T, Abdul-Hamid A, Eichholz A, Evans RM, Wallroth P, Gibson F, Poole K, Rowe M, Harris J. CAnceR IN PreGnancy (CARING) - a retrospective study of cancer diagnosed during pregnancy in the United Kingdom. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1261-1268. [PMID: 38383704 PMCID: PMC11014900 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of cancer diagnosed during pregnancy is increasing. Data relating to investigation and management, as well as maternal and foetal outcomes is lacking in a United Kingdom (UK) population. METHODS In this retrospective study we report data from 119 patients diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy from 14 cancer centres in the UK across a five-year period (2016-2020). RESULTS Median age at diagnosis was 33 years, with breast, skin and haematological the most common primary sites. The majority of cases were new diagnoses (109 patients, 91.6%). Most patients were treated with radical intent (96 patients, 80.7%), however, gastrointestinal cancers were associated with a high rate of palliative intent treatment (63.6%). Intervention was commenced during pregnancy in 68 (57.1%) patients; 44 (37%) had surgery and 31 (26.1%) received chemotherapy. Live births occurred in 98 (81.7%) of the cases, with 54 (55.1%) of these delivered by caesarean section. Maternal mortality during the study period was 20.2%. CONCLUSIONS This is the first pan-tumour report of diagnosis, management and outcomes of cancer diagnosed during pregnancy in the UK. Our findings demonstrate proof of concept that data collection is feasible and highlight the need for further research in this cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Baxter
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
- Tayside Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK.
| | - M Denholm
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S J Kingdon
- Exeter Oncology Centre, Royal Devon University Hospitals NHS Trust, Exeter, UK
| | | | - S Parikh
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Shakir
- Oncology Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - R Johnson
- Oncology Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - H Martin
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Early Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Walton
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - W Yao
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Swan
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C Samuelson
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - X Ren
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Cooper
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - H-L Gray
- Tayside Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK
| | - S Clifton
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - J Ball
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - G Gullick
- Oncology Department, Royal United Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK
| | - M Anderson
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - L Dodd
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - H Hayhurst
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - M Salama
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Shotton
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - F Britton
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - T Christodoulou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Abdul-Hamid
- Department of Oncology, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Trust, Surrey, UK
| | - A Eichholz
- Department of Oncology, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - R M Evans
- South West Wales Cancer Centre, Swansea Bay NHS Trust, Swansea, UK
| | | | - F Gibson
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Poole
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - M Rowe
- Sunrise Oncology Centre, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - J Harris
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Ball J, Nehme Z, Stub D. At an intersection of public health crises: Drugs, a pandemic, and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2024; 195:110127. [PMID: 38295897 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2024.110127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ball
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Monash Alfred Baker Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Z Nehme
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paramedicine, Monash University, Moorooduc Highway, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Stub
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Monash Alfred Baker Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Ball J, Neumann JT, Tonkin AM, Kirchhof P, Freedman B, Brodtmann A, Reid C, Nelson MR, Beilin LJ, Fitzgerald S, Stub D, Woods RL, McNeil JJ. Low-dose aspirin and incident atrial fibrillation in healthy older individuals: a post-hoc analysis of the ASPREE trial. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2024; 10:81-82. [PMID: 37951294 PMCID: PMC10766903 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ball
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - J T Neumann
- University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg—Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - A M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - P Kirchhof
- University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg—Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - B Freedman
- Heart Rhythm and Stroke Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
| | - A Brodtmann
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Cognitive Health Initiative, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - C Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - M R Nelson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - L J Beilin
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - S Fitzgerald
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - D Stub
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - R L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - J J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
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4
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Knight H, Jia R, Ayling K, Blake H, Morling JR, Villalon AM, Corner J, Denning C, Ball J, Bolton K, Figueredo G, Morris D, Tighe P, Vedhara K. The changing vaccine landscape: rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in young adults during vaccine rollout. Perspect Public Health 2023; 143:220-224. [PMID: 35575215 PMCID: PMC10467000 DOI: 10.1177/17579139221094750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Development and rollout of vaccines offers the best opportunity for population protection against the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus. However, hesitancy towards the vaccines might impede successful uptake in the United Kingdom, particularly in young adults who demonstrate the highest rates of hesitancy. This prospective study explored COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in young adults and whether the reasons behind these attitudes changed during the initial stages of the United Kingdom's vaccine rollout. METHOD Data on vaccination intention were collected from a British university student cohort at three time points: October 2020, February 2021, and March 2021. This online survey included items on intention to receive a vaccine and a free-text response for the reasons behind this intention. Cochran's Q tests examined changes in rates of hesitancy and acceptance over time and free-text responses were analysed thematically. RESULTS At baseline, 893 students provided data, with 476 participants completing all three time points. Hesitancy declined over time, with 29.4% of participants expressing hesitancy at baseline, reducing to 9.1% at wave 2 and 5.9% at wave 3. The most commonly endorsed themes for those willing to accept a vaccine were self-protection against COVID-19 and pro-social reasons, including protecting the population or unspecific others, and ending the pandemic/returning to normal life. The most commonly endorsed hesitancy themes related to 'confidence' in the vaccines and potential personal risk, including insufficient testing/scientific evidence, concern about side effects, and long-term effects. These reasons remained the most commonly endorsed at both waves 2 and 3. CONCLUSIONS While a decline in hesitancy was observed over time, the key reasons behind both vaccine acceptance and hesitancy remained consistent. Reasons behind hesitancy aligned with those of the general public, providing support for the use of generalist interventions. Pro-social reasons frequently underpinned vaccine acceptance, so cohort-specific interventions targeting those factors may be of benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Knight
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - R Jia
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - K Ayling
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - H Blake
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - JR Morling
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - AM Villalon
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J Corner
- University Executive Board, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - C Denning
- Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J Ball
- Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - K Bolton
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - G Figueredo
- School of Computer Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - D Morris
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - P Tighe
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - K Vedhara
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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5
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses working long shifts (≥12 h) experience higher levels of burnout. Yet other shift characteristics, including fixed versus rotating night work, weekly hours and breaks have not been considered. Choice over shift length may moderate the relationship; however, this has not been tested. AIMS To examine the association between shift work characteristics and burnout and exhaustion, and whether choice over shift length influences burnout and exhaustion. METHODS Cross-sectional online survey of nursing staff working in the UK and Ireland. We recruited two large National Health Service Trusts, through trade union membership, online/print nursing magazines and social media. We assessed associations using both univariable and multivariable generalized linear models. RESULTS We had 873 valid responses. Reports of inadequate staffing levels (odds ratio [OR] = 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.08-3.90) and less choice over shift length (OR = 0.20; 95% CI 0.06-0.54) were associated with higher burnout in multivariable models. Similar associations were found for exhaustion, where rarely or never taking breaks was also a predictor (OR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.05-2.52). Nurses who worked long shifts had less choice than those working shifts of 8 h or less (66% of 12-h shift nurses versus 44% 8-h shift nurses reporting having no choice), but choice did not moderate the relationship between shift length and burnout and exhaustion. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between long shifts and increased burnout reported previously might have arisen from a lack of choice for those staff working long shifts. Whether limited choice for staff is intrinsically linked to long shifts is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dall’Ora
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration, Wessex SO16 7NP, UK
| | - O-Z Ejebu
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration, Wessex SO16 7NP, UK
| | - J Ball
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - P Griffiths
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration, Wessex SO16 7NP, UK
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Burch RF, Chander H, Saucier D, Ball J. Incorporation of a smart sock with the virtual immersive test for postural stability. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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7
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Muscente P, Innocente P, Ball J, Gorno S. Analysis of edge transport in L-mode negative triangularity TCV discharges. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2023.101386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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8
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Renninson E, Channell K, Ball J, Masson S, Challapalli A, Bahl A. Patient Experience and Impact of Rectal Spacers on Dosimetry and Acute Toxicity in Patients Undergoing Radical Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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9
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Pironon S, Cantwell-Jones A, Forest F, Ball J, Diazgranados M, Douglas R, Hawkins J, Howes MJR, Ulian T, Vaitla B, Collar D. Towards an action plan for characterizing food plant diversity. Nat Plants 2023; 9:34-35. [PMID: 36543935 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Pironon
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK.
- UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK.
| | - A Cantwell-Jones
- Science and Solutions for a Changing Planet DTP, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - F Forest
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - J Ball
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | | | | | - J Hawkins
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | - T Ulian
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
| | - B Vaitla
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D Collar
- Department of Organismal and Environmental Biology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA, USA
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10
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Sharwood LN, King V, Ball J, Varma D, Stanford RW, Middleton JW. The influence of initial spinal cord haematoma and cord compression on neurological grade improvement in acute traumatic spinal cord injury: A prospective observational study. J Neurol Sci 2022; 443:120453. [PMID: 36308844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study linked with administrative data. OBJECTIVES Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is routinely performed after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI), facilitating early, accurate diagnosis to optimize clinical management. Prognosis from early MRI post-injury remains unclear, yet if available could guide early intervention. The aim of this study was to determine the association of spinal cord intramedullary haematoma and/or extent of cord compression evident on initial spine MRI with neurological grade change after TSCI. METHODS Individuals with acute TSCI ≥16 years of age; MRI review. Neurological gradings (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS)) were compared with initial MRI findings. Various MRI parameters were evaluated for prediction of neurological improvement pre-discharge. RESULTS 120 subjects; 79% male, mean (SD) age 51.0 (17.7) years. Motor vehicle crashes (42.5%) and falls (40.0%) were the most common injury mechanisms. Intramedullary spinal cord haematoma was identified by MRI in 40.0% of patients and was associated with more severe neurologic injury (58.3% initially AIS A). Generalised linear regression showed higher maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC) was associated with lower likelihood of neurological improvement from initial assessment to follow up prior to rehabilitation discharge. Combined thoracic level injury, intramedullary haematoma, and MSCC > 25% resulted in almost 90% probability of pre-discharge AIS (grade A) remaining unchanged from admission assessment. CONCLUSIONS MRI is a vital tool for evaluating the severity and extent of TSCI, assisting in appropriate management decision-making early in TSCI patient care. This study adds to the body of knowledge assisting clinicians in prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Sharwood
- University of Sydney, Sydney Medical School, Northern, C/o Kolling Institute, 1 Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Australia.
| | - V King
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Australia
| | - J Ball
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Australia.
| | - D Varma
- Radiology, Emergency & Trauma Radiology, The Alfred Health & Monash University, National Trauma Research Institute, Australia; Mission TBI, MRFF Aus Govt., Australia.
| | - R W Stanford
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Australia
| | - J W Middleton
- Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney Medical School, Northern Faculty of Medicine and Health, Australia.
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11
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Ball J, Nehme Z, Stub D. Preventive measures and public education programmes are needed to suck the marrow out of life, but avoid choking on the bone. Resuscitation 2022; 181:170-172. [PMID: 36455703 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ball
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Z Nehme
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paramedicine, Monash University, Moorooduc Highway, Frankston, Victoria, Australia; Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Stub
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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12
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Espnes H, Ball J, Lochen ML, Wilsgaard T, Njolstad I, Mathiesen EB, Schnabel RB, Gerdts E, Sharashova E. Risk factors and prognosis for heart failure in atrial fibrillation subtypes in women and men. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are common diseases that often co-exist and substantially impact both morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. Although there has been an increasing amount of research on HF in AF patients, there is limited knowledge on the association of AF subtypes (paroxysmal/persistent, permanent) with HF in women and men.
Purpose
To explore the sex-specific association between incident AF subtypes and HF risk factors and mortality in AF participants in a general population.
Methods
A total of 14,798 women and 13,197 men aged 25 years and older were enrolled from 1994 to 2008 and followed up for incident AF and HF through 2016. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was conducted to provide sex- and AF subtype-specific hazard ratios (HRs) for the risk of HF, risk factors for HF and joint influence on mortality when AF precedes HF. Participants without AF and HF were used as reference. In the analysis of risk factors for HF we included only those who developed AF, and the follow-up period started at the date of first detected AF. Models were adjusted for systolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol, current smoking, physical activity, and history of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, stroke, and diabetes mellitus, as well as age, with age as the time scale in the regression models.
Results
Over a median follow-up of 21.6 years, incident AF occurred in 856 women (471 with paroxysmal/persistent AF and 385 with permanent AF) and 1,036 men (587 with paroxysmal/persistent AF and 449 with permanent AF). Incident HF occurred in 761 women and 930 men. In both sexes, there was an increased risk of HF when AF was present. For permanent AF, women had a significantly higher risk of HF than men (HR 10.50, 95% CI 8.72–12.66 vs. HR 8.11, 95% CI 6.81–9.67). Permanent AF, current smoking, and prevalent myocardial infarction were significant risk factors for HF in AF participants in both sexes, while hypertension was only associated with increased risk of HF in women and BMI and prevalent stroke in men. Higher physical activity level was associated with reduced risk of AF in both sexes. The risk of death increased when HF succeeded AF. For women the risk of mortality was higher for permanent AF (HR 3.83, 95% CI 3.19–4.61 vs. HR 2.98, 95% CI 2.34–3.80), while in men it was highest for paroxysmal/persistent AF (HR 3.67, 95% CI 2.94–4.58 vs. HR 2.91, 95% CI 2.37–3.57), but there was no significant difference between sexes.
Conclusions
All AF subtypes were associated with an increased risk of HF in both sexes. For permanent AF, women had a significantly higher risk than men. Several risk factors for HF in AF participants were similar between sexes. However, hypertension was only a risk factor in women, whereas BMI and prevalent stroke were only risk factors in men. In AF participants, subsequent development of HF was associated with increased mortality in both sexes.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): UiT The Arctic University of Norway
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Affiliation(s)
- H Espnes
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine , Tromso , Norway
| | - J Ball
- Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine , Melbourne , Australia
| | - M L Lochen
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine , Tromso , Norway
| | - T Wilsgaard
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine , Tromso , Norway
| | - I Njolstad
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine , Tromso , Norway
| | - E B Mathiesen
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Clinical Medicine , Tromso , Norway
| | - R B Schnabel
- University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Department of Cardiology , Hamburg , Germany
| | - E Gerdts
- University of Bergen, Center for research on cardiac disease in women, Department of Clinical Science , Bergen , Norway
| | - E Sharashova
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine , Tromso , Norway
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13
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Paratz E, Van Heusden A, Zentner D, Morgan N, Smith K, Ball J, Thompson T, James P, Connell V, Pflaumer A, Semsarian C, Ingles J, Stub D, Parsons S, La Gerche A. Prevalence of coronary artery anomalies in young sudden cardiac death: insights from a prospective state-wide registry. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) have been previously implicated as a major cause of young sudden cardiac death (SCD), particularly in exercise-related SCD with a reported prevalence of up to 33%.
Methods
A state-wide prospective out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registry identified all patients aged 1–50 years who experienced an SCD and underwent autopsy from April 2019 to April 2021. Rates of normal anatomy, normal variants and CAAs were identified and circumstances and cause of death for patients with CAAs examined.
Results
Of 1,477 patients who experienced cardiac arrest during the study period, 490 underwent autopsy and were confirmed to have experienced SCD. Of these 490 patients, five (1.0%) had a CAA identified with three having anomalies of coronary origin and two having anomalies of coronary course. In no cases was the CAA deemed responsible for the SCD. In two cases, severe coronary disease and intra-coronary thrombus with histological evidence of acute myocardial infarction were identified, in the third critical coronary disease was found, the fourth had an unrelated thoracic aortic dissection and the fifth had cardiomegaly in the setting of illicit drug use. Of 27 patients who experienced their SCD during exercise, only one had a CAA identified (the patient with thoracic aortic dissection).
Conclusion
In this prospective cohort of consecutive young patients with SCD who underwent autopsy, CAAs occurred in 1.0% of patients and did not cause any deaths. The role of CAAs in causing young SCD appears to be less significant than previously hypothesised.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): NHMRC, NHF
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Affiliation(s)
- E Paratz
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia
| | - A Van Heusden
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia
| | - D Zentner
- Royal Melbourne Hospital , Melbourne , Australia
| | - N Morgan
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine , Melbourne , Australia
| | - K Smith
- Ambulance Victoria , Melbourne , Australia
| | - J Ball
- Ambulance Victoria , Melbourne , Australia
| | - T Thompson
- Royal Melbourne Hospital , Melbourne , Australia
| | - P James
- Royal Melbourne Hospital , Melbourne , Australia
| | - V Connell
- Royal Children's Hospital , Melbourne , Australia
| | - A Pflaumer
- Royal Children's Hospital , Melbourne , Australia
| | - C Semsarian
- University of Sydney, Heart Research Institute , Sydney , Australia
| | - J Ingles
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research , Sydney , Australia
| | - D Stub
- The Alfred Hospital , Melbourne , Australia
| | - S Parsons
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine , Melbourne , Australia
| | - A La Gerche
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia
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14
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Shakeshaft A, Laiou P, Abela E, Stavropoulos I, Richardson MP, Pal DK, Howell A, Hyde A, McQueen A, Duran A, Gaurav A, Collingwood A, Kitching A, Shakeshaft A, Papathanasiou A, Clough A, Gribbin A, Swain A, Needle A, Hall A, Smith A, Macleod A, Chhibda A, Fonferko-Shadrach B, Camara B, Petrova B, Stuart C, Hamilton C, Peacey C, Campbell C, Cotter C, Edwards C, Picton C, Busby C, Quamina C, Waite C, West C, Ng CC, Giavasi C, Backhouse C, Holliday C, Mewies C, Thow C, Egginton D, Dickerson D, Rice D, Mullan D, Daly D, Mcaleer D, Gardella E, Stephen E, Irvine E, Sacre E, Lin F, Castle G, Mackay G, Salim H, Cock H, Collier H, Cockerill H, Navarra H, Mhandu H, Crudgington H, Hayes I, Stavropoulos I, Daglish J, Smith J, Bartholomew J, Cotta J, Ceballos JP, Natarajan J, Crooks J, Quirk J, Bland J, Sidebottom J, Gesche J, Glenton J, Henry J, Davis J, Ball J, Selmer KK, Rhodes K, Holroyd K, Lim KS, O’Brien K, Thrasyvoulou L, Makawa L, Charles L, Richardson L, Nelson L, Walding L, Woodhead L, Ehiorobo L, Hawkins L, Adams L, Connon M, Home M, Baker M, Mencias M, Richardson MP, Sargent M, Syvertsen M, Milner M, Recto M, Chang M, O'Donoghue M, Young M, Ray M, Panjwani N, Ghaus N, Sudarsan N, Said N, Pickrell O, Easton P, Frattaroli P, McAlinden P, Harrison R, Swingler R, Wane R, Ramsay R, Møller RS, McDowall R, Clegg R, Uka S, White S, Truscott S, Francis S, Tittensor S, Sharman SJ, Chung SK, Patel S, Ellawela S, Begum S, Kempson S, Raj S, Bayley S, Warriner S, Kilroy S, MacFarlane S, Brown T, Samakomva T, Nortcliffe T, Calder V, Collins V, Parker V, Richmond V, Stern W, Haslam Z, Šobíšková Z, Agrawal A, Whiting A, Pratico A, Desurkar A, Saraswatula A, MacDonald B, Fong CY, Beier CP, Andrade D, Pauldhas D, Greenberg DA, Deekollu D, Pal DK, Jayachandran D, Lozsadi D, Galizia E, Scott F, Rubboli G, Angus-Leppan H, Talvik I, Takon I, Zarubova J, Koht J, Aram J, Lanyon K, Irwin K, Hamandi K, Yeung L, Strug LJ, Rees M, Reuber M, Kirkpatrick M, Taylor M, Maguire M, Koutroumanidis M, Khan M, Moran N, Striano P, Bala P, Bharat R, Pandey R, Mohanraj R, Thomas R, Belderbos R, Slaght SJ, Delamont S, Sastry S, Mariguddi S, Kumar S, Kumar S, Majeed T, Jegathasan U, Whitehouse W. Heterogeneity of resting-state EEG features in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and controls. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac180. [PMID: 35873918 PMCID: PMC9301584 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal EEG features are a hallmark of epilepsy, and abnormal frequency and network features are apparent in EEGs from people with idiopathic generalized epilepsy in both ictal and interictal states. Here, we characterize differences in the resting-state EEG of individuals with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and assess factors influencing the heterogeneity of EEG features. We collected EEG data from 147 participants with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy through the Biology of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy study. Ninety-five control EEGs were acquired from two independent studies [Chowdhury et al. (2014) and EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project]. We extracted frequency and functional network-based features from 10 to 20 s epochs of resting-state EEG, including relative power spectral density, peak alpha frequency, network topology measures and brain network ictogenicity: a computational measure of the propensity of networks to generate seizure dynamics. We tested for differences between epilepsy and control EEGs using univariate, multivariable and receiver operating curve analysis. In addition, we explored the heterogeneity of EEG features within and between cohorts by testing for associations with potentially influential factors such as age, sex, epoch length and time, as well as testing for associations with clinical phenotypes including anti-seizure medication, and seizure characteristics in the epilepsy cohort. P-values were corrected for multiple comparisons. Univariate analysis showed significant differences in power spectral density in delta (2-5 Hz) (P = 0.0007, hedges' g = 0.55) and low-alpha (6-9 Hz) (P = 2.9 × 10-8, g = 0.80) frequency bands, peak alpha frequency (P = 0.000007, g = 0.66), functional network mean degree (P = 0.0006, g = 0.48) and brain network ictogenicity (P = 0.00006, g = 0.56) between epilepsy and controls. Since age (P = 0.009) and epoch length (P = 1.7 × 10-8) differed between the two groups and were potential confounders, we controlled for these covariates in multivariable analysis where disparities in EEG features between epilepsy and controls remained. Receiver operating curve analysis showed low-alpha power spectral density was optimal at distinguishing epilepsy from controls, with an area under the curve of 0.72. Lower average normalized clustering coefficient and shorter average normalized path length were associated with poorer seizure control in epilepsy patients. To conclude, individuals with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy have increased power of neural oscillatory activity at low-alpha frequencies, and increased brain network ictogenicity compared with controls, supporting evidence from studies in other epilepsies with considerable external validity. In addition, the impact of confounders on different frequency-based and network-based EEG features observed in this study highlights the need for careful consideration and control of these factors in future EEG research in idiopathic generalized epilepsy particularly for their use as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Shakeshaft
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Petroula Laiou
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Eugenio Abela
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - Mark P Richardson
- Correspondence may also be addressed to: Professor Mark P Richardson Maurice Wohl Clinical Neurosciences Institute Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience King’s College London, 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX, UK E-mail:
| | - Deb K Pal
- Correspondence to: Professor Deb K Pal Maurice Wohl Clinical Neurosciences Institute Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience King’s College London 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RX, UK E-mail:
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15
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Logan C, Hemsley C, Fife A, Edgeworth J, Mazzella A, Wade P, Goodman A, Hopkins P, Wyncoll D, Ball J, Planche T, Schelenz S, Bicanic T. A multisite evaluation of antifungal use in critical care: implications for antifungal stewardship. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2022; 4:dlac055. [PMID: 35756574 PMCID: PMC9217759 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ICUs are settings of high antifungal consumption. There are few data on prescribing practices in ICUs to guide antifungal stewardship implementation in this setting. Methods An antifungal therapy (AFT) service evaluation (15 May-19 November 2019) across ICUs at three London hospitals, evaluating consumption, prescribing rationale, post-prescription review, de-escalation and final invasive fungal infection (IFI) diagnostic classification. Results Overall, 6.4% of ICU admissions (305/4781) received AFT, accounting for 11.41 days of therapy/100 occupied bed days (DOT/100 OBD). The dominant prescribing mode was empirical (41% of consumption), followed by targeted (22%), prophylaxis (18%), pre-emptive (12%) and non-invasive (7%). Echinocandins were the most commonly prescribed drug class (4.59 DOT/100 OBD). In total, 217 patients received AFT for suspected or confirmed IFI; 12%, 10% and 23% were classified as possible, probable or proven IFI, respectively. Hence, in 55%, IFI was unlikely. Proven IFI (n = 50) was mostly invasive candidiasis (92%), of which 48% had been initiated on AFT empirically before yeast identification. Where on-site (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan (BDG) testing was available (1 day turnaround), in those with suspected but unproven invasive candidiasis, median (IQR) AFT duration was 10 (7-15) days with a positive BDG (≥80 pg/mL) versus 8 (5-9) days with a negative BDG (<80 pg/mL). Post-prescription review occurred in 79% of prescribing episodes (median time to review 1 [0-3] day). Where suspected IFI was not confirmed, 38% episodes were stopped and 4% de-escalated within 5 days. Conclusions Achieving a better balance between promptly treating IFI patients and avoiding inappropriate antifungal prescribing in the ICU requires timely post-prescription review by specialist multidisciplinary teams and improved, evidence-based-risk prescribing strategies incorporating rapid diagnostics to guide AFT start and stop decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Logan
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - C Hemsley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Fife
- Infection Sciences, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Edgeworth
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, King’s College London Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Mazzella
- Clinical Infection Group, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,Institute of Infection & Immunity, St George’s University of London, London, UK
| | - P Wade
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,Directorate of Pharmacy & Medicines Optimisation, Guy’s & St Thomas’s NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Goodman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, King’s College London Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
| | - P Hopkins
- Department of Critical Care, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Wyncoll
- Department of Critical Care, Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Ball
- Department of Critical Care, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - T Planche
- Clinical Infection Group, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,Institute of Infection & Immunity, St George’s University of London, London, UK
| | - S Schelenz
- Infection Sciences, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - T Bicanic
- Clinical Infection Group, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,Institute of Infection & Immunity, St George’s University of London, London, UK
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16
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Turner L, Culliford D, Ball J, Kitson-Reynolds E, Griffiths P. The association between midwifery staffing levels and the experiences of mothers on postnatal wards: Cross sectional analysis of routine data. Women Birth 2022; 35:e583-e589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Paratz E, van Heusden A, Ball J, Smith K, Thompson T, Zentner D, James P, Parsons S, Morgan N, Connell V, Pflaumer A, Semsarian C, Ingles J, Stub D, La Gerche A. Inconsistent Discharge Diagnoses for Young Cardiac Arrest Episodes: Insights From a State-wide Registry. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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18
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Paratz E, van Heusden A, Ball J, Smith K, Zentner D, James P, Thompson T, Morgan N, Parsons S, Connell V, Pflaumer A, Semsarian C, Ingles J, Stub D, La Gerche A. Predictors and Outcomes of In-Hospital Referrals for Forensic Investigation After Young Sudden Cardiac Death. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Paratz E, van Heusden A, Zentner D, Morgan N, Smith K, Ball J, Thompson T, James P, Connell V, Pflaumer A, Semsarian C, Ingles J, Parsons S, Stub D, La Gerche A. Prevalence of Coronary Artery Anomalies in Young Sudden Cardiac Death: Insights From a Prospective State-Wide Registry. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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20
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Paratz E, van Heusden A, Smith K, Ball J, Zentner D, Morgan N, Thompson T, James P, Connell V, Pflaumer A, Semsarian C, Ingles J, Parsons S, Stub D, La Gerche A. Higher Rates But Similar Causes of Young Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Rural Australian Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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21
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Azcui Aparicio R, Huynh Q, Ball J, Marwick T, Carrington M. Imaging-Guided and Nurse-Coordinated Disease Management Program for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Findings From the IMPRESS Randomised Controlled Trial. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Qaderi V, Ball J, Nehme Z, Neumann JT, Wolfe R, Woods R, Tonkin AM, Smith K, McNeil JJ. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in elderly individuals. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with poor outcome, particularly in elderly people. Due to the shift in global demographics towards an ageing population, understanding risk factors for OHCA is essential for the development of primary prevention strategies. Thus, we aimed to identify predictors for OHCA in a large, community-dwelling cohort of elderly individuals.
Methods
We analyzed data from 11,156 participants enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled primary prevention trial, investigating the effect of low-dose aspirin in individuals aged 70 years or above. At baseline all participants had no prior cardiovascular disease events, dementia or major physical disability. OHCA events occurring within 5 years were identified by probabilistic data-linkage with a state-wide out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registry. Possible predictors included age, sex, anthropometric measures, conventional cardiovascular risk factors, renal function and frailty. To evaluate the association with OHCA, we performed univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses. In exploratory analyses we also evaluated the effect of low-dose aspirin on OHCA events.
Results
In the cohort 54.7% were female and median age was 74.1 years (Interquartile Range [IQR] 71.8–77.7). During a median follow up time of 4.7 years (IQR 3.4–6.0) we recorded 67 OHCA events with presumed cardiac cause. The incidence rate was 1.07 per 1,000 person-years (95% Confidence-Interval [CI] 0.80–1.40). The mortality rate following OHCA was 91.2% (n=62). Univariable Cox regression analyses identified age, sex, weight, abdominal circumference, serum creatinine, diabetes, arterial hypertension, intake of antihypertensive medication and pre-frailty as predictors for the outcome. In multivariable Cox regression analyses we identified age (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.06, CI 1.00–1.13), female sex (HR 0.49, CI 0.26–0.94) and pre-frailty (HR 1.92, CI 1.03–3.58) to be independent predictors (Table). In exploratory analyses there was no effect of low-dose aspirin on OHCA (HR 1.52, CI 0.87–2.70).
Conclusion
In a large, contemporary cohort of healthy, elderly individuals we describe a significant incidence of OHCA events associated with a very high mortality. We identified age, sex and pre-frailty, but interestingly not conventional cardiovascular risk factors as independent predictors of OHCA. We could not show a benefit of low-dose aspirin treatment, although the number of events was small. Our findings emphasize the importance of preventive strategies for pre-frailty in elderly individuals.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): The ASPREE study was primarily funded by the National Institute of Aging and National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health (grant number U01AG029824), the Australian National Health & Medical Research Council (grants 334047 & 1127060), Monash University (Australia) and the Victorian Cancer Agency (Australia). Multivariable Cox regression analyses
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Affiliation(s)
- V Qaderi
- Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Ball
- Ambulance Victoria, Centre for Research and Evaluation, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Z Nehme
- Ambulance Victoria, Centre for Research and Evaluation, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J T Neumann
- Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Wolfe
- Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Woods
- Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A M Tonkin
- Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Smith
- Ambulance Victoria, Centre for Research and Evaluation, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J J McNeil
- Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
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Paratz E, Ross L, van Heusden A, Zentner D, Thompson T, James P, Smith K, Ball J, Pflaumer A, Stub D, La Gerche A, Morgan N, Bouwer H, Lynch M, Parsons S. Unrecognised Intracoronary IgG4-Related Disease: A Rare Cause of Two Sudden Cardiac Deaths. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Paratz E, Rowsell L, Ball J, Zentner D, Parsons S, Morgan N, Thompson T, James P, Pflaumer A, Semsarian C, Stub D, Liew D, Smith K, La Gerche A. Economic impact of sudden cardiac arrest. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Each year, there are approximately 5,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) in the state of Victoria, Australia (population 6.4 million, state healthcare budget AUD$2.9 billion / €1.8billion). Mortality from OHCA approaches ninety percent. High mortality rates and survivors not returning to work is likely to have an adverse effect on the Victorian economy but this has not been previously investigated.
Purpose
To model the economic impact of OHCA mortality and survivors not returning to work.
Methods
Data on all OHCAs transported by Ambulance Victoria from July 2017- June 2018 in Victoria, Australia was collected, including age, gender, survival to hospital, survival to discharge, and survival to 12 months. Cases were excluded if arrest was precipitated by trauma, exsanguination, overdose, terminal illness, hanging, SIDS, electrocution, sepsis, respiratory causes, drowning, or neurological causes. Pre-arrest employment status of patients was modelled using the Australian Bureau of Statistics Economic Security dataset, which provides contemporary employment rates for gender-matched five-year cohorts for Australians aged 15–79 years. For survivors to 12 months, pre-arrest and post-arrest work status were confirmed. Economic impact was then calculated to a five year horizon utilizing a Markov model with probabilistic sensitivity analysis.
Results
4,934 arrests meeting the inclusion criteria were transported by Ambulance Victoria in twelve months, of whom 4,639 were determined to be cardiac arrests without any exclusion criteria as a precipitant. 695 patients survived to hospital (15.0%), and 325 to discharge (7.0%). At 12 months, 303 patients were alive (6.5% of overall cases, 93.2% of those discharged from hospital). Economic modelling of age and gender-matched data indicated that 1516 patients (35%) would have been employed pre-cardiac arrest, but only 216 survivors (4.7%) would be employed at five years post-arrest. Using Markov modelling incorporating estimated earnings and the pre-determined value of a statistical life, the annual economic burden of cardiac arrest approximated AUD$4 billion (€2.5 billion) at a five-year horizon.
Conclusion
The annual economic impact of cardiac arrest in Victoria, Australia is approximately AUD$4 billion (€2.5 billion) in a five-year horizon. As the annual Victorian state budget for all healthcare is AUD$2.93 billion (€1.8 billion), our data suggests that the economic impact of cardiac arrest is under-appreciated. Therefore, research in this area and providing state-of-the-art care for all cardiac arrest patients should be a healthcare priority.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): NHMRC/NHF Postgraduate Scholarship, RACP JJ Billings Scholarship
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Affiliation(s)
- E Paratz
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L Rowsell
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Ball
- Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D Zentner
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Parsons
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N Morgan
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T Thompson
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P James
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Pflaumer
- Royal Children's Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Semsarian
- University of Sydney, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - D Stub
- The Alfred Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D Liew
- Monash University, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Smith
- Ambulance Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A La Gerche
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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DiSilvestro J, DiSilvestro P, Pandey A, Gordon J, Ball J, Moxley K. Analysis of advanced quantitative computed tomography imaging features in predicting progression free survival of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Ball J, Nehme Z, Bernard S, Stub D, Stephenson M, Smith K. Collateral damage: Hidden impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest system-of-care. Resuscitation 2020; 156:157-163. [PMID: 32961304 PMCID: PMC7501790 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) during COVID-19 has been reported by countries with high case numbers and overwhelmed healthcare services. Imposed restrictions and treatment precautions may have also influenced OHCA processes-of-care. We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic period on incidence, characteristics, and survival from OHCA in Victoria, Australia. METHODS Using data from the Victorian Ambulance Cardiac Arrest Registry, we compared 380 adult OHCA patients who received resuscitation between 16th March 2020 and 12th May 2020, with 1218 cases occurring during the same dates in 2017-2019. No OHCA patients were COVID-19 positive. Arrest incidence, characteristics and survival rates were compared. Regression analysis was performed to understand the independent effect of the pandemic period on survival. RESULTS Incidence of OHCA did not differ during the pandemic period. However, initiation of resuscitation by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) significantly decreased (46.9% versus 40.6%, p = 0.001). Arrests in public locations decreased in the pandemic period (20.8% versus 10.0%; p < 0.001), as did initial shocks by public access defibrillation/first-responders (p = 0.037). EMS caseload decreased during the pandemic period, however, delays to key interventions (time-to-first defibrillation, time-to-first epinephrine) significantly increased. Survival-to-discharge decreased by 50% during the pandemic period (11.7% versus 6.1%; p = 0.002). Survivors per million person-years dropped in 2020, resulting in 35 excess deaths per million person-years. On adjusted analysis, the pandemic period remained associated with a 50% reduction in survival-to-discharge. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic period did not influence OHCA incidence but appears to have disrupted the system-of-care in Australia. However, this could not completely explain reductions in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ball
- Centre for Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Blackburn North, Victoria, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Z Nehme
- Centre for Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Blackburn North, Victoria, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paramedicine, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Bernard
- Centre for Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Blackburn North, Victoria, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Stub
- Centre for Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Blackburn North, Victoria, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Stephenson
- Centre for Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Blackburn North, Victoria, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paramedicine, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - K Smith
- Centre for Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Blackburn North, Victoria, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paramedicine, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
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Ball J, Radunovic A, Scott C, Stevens M. AB1078 USE OF MYOSITIS SPECIFIC AUTOANTIBODIES TEST ACROSS A LARGE NHS HOSPITAL TRUST. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:The immunology laboratory at Barts Health supports a large clinical myopathy service, providing blood tests for myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSA) by a commercial line immunoblot panel for Jo1, PL7, PL12, SRP, Mi2, Ku, PM-Scl and Scl-70.As Idiopathic Inflammatory Myositis (IIM) disease subtype definitions have evolved from the 1975 Bohan & Peter criteria, the discovery of new antibodies has proven useful in the hands of neuromuscular clinicians whose patients have a high pre-test probability of disease. Ready availability of the test has led to increased demand from:Respiratory physicians with patients with severe Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) whichcanbe a symptom of some IIMs.The connective tissue disease (CTD) screening section of the laboratory in which many patients are screened for antinuclear antibodies (ANA), which occasionally produces a pattern thatmaybe associated with an MSA.Objectives:Determine the frequency of MSA requests from different departments.To investigate the possibility of rejecting requests for MSAs at the laboratory in the absence of an elevated creatine kinase (CK), a hallmark of muscle damage associated with myositis (1).Methods:MSA were measured by a commercial line blot (Bluediver) which included Jo-1, PL-7, PL-12, Mi-2, Ku, SRP-54 and PM-Scl-100. Demographics and results for all MSA requested between September 2017 and November 2019 were pulled from laboratory records, together with CK results (if performed). CK was interpreted as low, normal or elevated according to reference ranges of 25-200 U/L (female) or 40-320 U/L (male).Results:597 tests were performed between 2017 and 2019. In total 59/597 (10%) were positive for the audited antibodies (Table 1). General Practitioner (GP) requests accounted for 41/597 (6.9%) tests, internal 464/597 (78%) and external 82/597 (14%). External requests were the most frequently positive at 10/82 (12%), internal requests 46/464 (10%), and GP requests only 3/41 (7%) of the time. Of all internal requesting sources, Respiratory accounted for the largest number at 108/597 (18%), followed by neurology with 85/597 (14%) (Figure 1). GPs constituted the 4thlargest source of requests.Table 1.Positive on polymyositis screen% positivityAll tests597Total599.9%Jo-140.7%PL-720.3%PL-1250.8%SRP-54101.7%Mi-240.7%Ku30.5%PM-Scl 100254.2%Scl-7071.2%Figure 1.MSAs had an associated CK result in 75% of internal and 12% of GP requests. A cohort of 17 patients had positive MSAs (3 x SRP, 1 x PL-7, 1 x Jo-1, 2 x Mi-2, 1 x Ku, 8 x PM-Scl100 and 1 x Scl-70) with normal CK.Of the 41 GP requests, MSA had been requested by the lab on the basis of ANA pattern for 33 (80%) of them, 3 of which were positive (2 x Scl-70, 1 x SRP-54).Conclusion:Demand for MSA from the Respiratory department (screening for ILD) currently exceeds demand from Neurology and from Rheumatology. In the GP cohort, 33 requests (80% of GPs, 5% of all requests) were generated by the laboratory.A cohort of patients with normal CK results had a positive MSA, implying CK alone cannot be used to limit test access. Interestingly, 10 positive results had no CK requested implying they were not being investigated for myositis.Further work is needed to determine the specificity and sensitivity of these antibodies for patients with clinically defined myositis, and the appropriateness of allowing the test to be applied in the absence of any clinical evidence of IIM.The findings of this audit need to be further extended to look at other myositis including other anti-synthetases, HMGCoAR, MDA5, TIF-1γ, NPX-2.References:[1]Dalakas MC, Hohlfeld R (2003) Polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Lancet 362:971–982Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Stevens M, Proudlove N, Ball J, Scott C. AB1131 STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL AND PROCESS MAPPING QUANTIFY THE EFFECTS OF HISTORICAL CHANGES TO THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE TESTING ALGORITHM AND IDENTIFY AREAS FOR FUTURE IMPROVEMENT IN A LARGE DIAGNOSTIC IMMUNOLOGY SERVICE. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Pathology test turnaround times (TATs) are a limiting factor in patient flow through rheumatology services. Quality improvement (QI) methodologies such as Lean use tools including statistical process control (SPC) and process mapping to study the performance of the whole of a clinical pipeline, expose unnecessary complexity (non-value-adding activity), and streamline processes and staff roles.Objectives:Understand effects of changes made to CTD testing algorithm over last 12 years by measuring some of the effects on TATs. Model current processes and suggest changes to workflow to improve TAT.Methods:High-level flow diagrams of the current testing algorithm, and low-level process maps of analyser and staff processes were drawn.Activity and TATs (working days between report and booking date) for ANA, ENA, DNA and CCP tests were plotted as XmR control charts.Results:Finding 1: Largest referral laboratory does not currently operate a separate DNA monitoring workstream, resulting in unnecessary ANA and ENA testing (figure 1).Figure 1.Current testing strategy (left) and suggested improvement (right)Finding 2:Samples are handed off between 3 different lab benches, each of which may be staffed by a different staff member on a different day, and results processing involves handoff to a further 2 different staff members.Finding 3:ANA demand is close to capacity, ENA demand exceeds current capacity (table 1).Table 1.Demand for ANA, ENA and DNA tests, compared to capacityTestMedian Demand(tests/ day)Approx. Capacity(tests/ day)NotesANA74100Close to 80% recommended by the ILGsENA3836*Less capacity than demand!!DNA34100PlentyFinding 4:Stopping screening DNA requests on ANA result increased the number of DNA tests performed by about 10 samples per day (30%), but decreased turnaround time by a similar proportion (3.3 to 2.3 days, figure 2). It also reduced turnaround times of ANA and ENA tests.Figure 2.Control chart of average TAT of dsDNA antibodies by request dateConclusion:Typically for a QI project, the initially simple CTD testing pipeline has accumulated many changes made without consideration of whole system performance, and is now a struggle to run.Improvement ideas to be explored from this work include:Liaising with main referral lab to develop a DNA monitoring workstream to reduce unnecessary ANA and ENA testingReduce handoffs, sample journey around lab analysers, and staff hands-on time by:changing ANA test methodology to same as DNAcreating new staff roles (analyser operators to perform validation/ authorisation steps)Create more capacity for ENA testing by increasing the frequency of this test on the weekly rotaCreate more capacity for service expansion by running analysers at weekends (staff consultation required)Reduce demand on service by engaging and educating requestorsImprove TAT for DNA by:processing samples the day they are booked in, instead of 1 day laterauto-validating runs…using control charts to measure improvementDisclosure of Interests:None declared
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Paratz E, Rowsell L, Ball J, Zentner D, Parsons S, Morgan N, Thompson T, James P, Pflaumer A, Semsarian C, Stub D, Liew D, Smith K, La Gerche A. 259 The Economic Impact of Sudden Cardiac Arrest. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hopkins S, La Gerche A, Stub D, Parsons S, Ball J, Thompson T, Morgan N, Zentner D, Pflaumer A, James P, Bernard S, Paratz E, Rowsell L, Smith K. 608 Incidence and Epidemiology of Sudden Cardiac Arrest In Younger Persons. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lynch DR, Hauser L, McCormick A, Wells M, Dong YN, McCormack S, Schadt K, Perlman S, Subramony SH, Mathews KD, Brocht A, Ball J, Perdok R, Grahn A, Vescio T, Sherman JW, Farmer JM. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of interferon- γ 1b in Friedreich Ataxia. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:546-553. [PMID: 30911578 PMCID: PMC6414489 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In vitro, in vivo, and open-label studies suggest that interferon gamma (IFN-γ 1b) may improve clinical features in Friedreich Ataxia through an increase in frataxin levels. The present study evaluates the efficacy and safety of IFN-γ 1b in the treatment of Friedreich Ataxia through a double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial. Methods Ninety-two subjects with FRDA between 10 and 25 years of age were enrolled. Subjects received either IFN-γ 1b or placebo for 6 months. The primary outcome measure was the modified Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale (mFARS). Results No difference was noted between the groups after 6 months of treatment in the mFARS or secondary outcome measures. No change was noted in buccal cell or whole blood frataxin levels. However, during an open-label extension period, subjects had a more stable course than expected based on natural history data. Conclusions This study provides no direct evidence for a beneficial effect of IFN-γ1b in FRDA. The modest stabilization compared to natural history data leaves open the possibility that longer studies may demonstrate benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Lynch
- Division of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia502 Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐4318
| | - Lauren Hauser
- Division of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia502 Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐4318
| | - Ashley McCormick
- Division of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia502 Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐4318
| | - McKenzie Wells
- Division of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia502 Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐4318
| | - Yi Na Dong
- Division of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia502 Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐4318
| | - Shana McCormack
- Division of Endocrinology & DiabetesChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia19104
| | - Kim Schadt
- Division of NeurologyChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia502 Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104‐4318
| | - Susan Perlman
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California Los AngelesBox 956975, 1‐167 RNRCLos AngelesCalifornia90095
| | - Sub H. Subramony
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of FloridaRoom L3‐100, McKnight Brain Institute, 1149 Newell DriveGainesvilleFlorida32611
| | - Katherine D. Mathews
- Department of Pediatrics and NeurologyUniversity of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIowa
| | - Alicia Brocht
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew York14620
| | - Julie Ball
- Horizon Pharma, Inc.Lake ForestIllinois60045
| | | | - Amy Grahn
- Horizon Pharma, Inc.Lake ForestIllinois60045
| | - Tom Vescio
- Horizon Pharma, Inc.Lake ForestIllinois60045
| | | | - Jennifer M. Farmer
- Friedreich's Ataxia Research Alliance533 W Uwchlan AveDowningtownPennsylvania19335
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Dennis M, Mead G, Forbes J, Graham C, Hackett M, Hankey GJ, House A, Lewis S, Lundström E, Sandercock P, Innes K, Williams C, Drever J, Mcgrath A, Deary A, Fraser R, Anderson R, Walker P, Perry D, Mcgill C, Buchanan D, Chun Y, Dinsmore L, Maschauer E, Barugh A, Mikhail S, Blair G, Hoeritzauer I, Scott M, Fraser G, Lawrence K, Shaw A, Williamson J, Burgess D, Macleod M, Morales D, Sullivan F, Brady M, French R, Van Wijck F, Watkins C, Proudfoot F, Skwarski J, Mcgowan D, Murphy R, Burgess S, Rutherford W, Mccormick K, Buchan R, Macraild A, Paulton R, Fazal A, Taylor P, Parakramawansha R, Hunter N, Perry J, Bamford J, Waugh D, Veraque E, Bedford C, Kambafwile M, Idrovo L, Makawa L, Smalley P, Randall M, Thirugnana-Chandran T, Hassan A, Vowden R, Jackson J, Bhalla A, Rudd A, Tam CK, Birns J, Gibbs C, Lee Carbon L, Cattermole E, Marks K, Cape A, Hurley L, Kullane S, Smyth N, Eglinton C, Wilson J, Giallombardo E, Frith A, Reidy P, Pitt M, Sykes L, Dellafera D, Croome V, Kerwood L, Hancevic M, Narh C, Merritt C, Duffy J, Cooke D, Willson J, Ali A, Naqvi A, Kamara C, Bowler H, Bell S, Jackson T, Harkness K, Stocks K, Duty S, Doyle C, Dunn G, Endean K, Claydon F, Richards E, Howe J, Lindert R, Majid A, Dakin K, Maatouk A, Barron L, Meegada M, Rana P, Nair A, Brighouse-Johnson C, Greig J, Kyu M, Prasad S, Robinson M, Alam I, Mclean B, Greenhalgh L, Ahmed Z, Roffe C, Brammer S, Beardmore C, Finney K, Barry A, Hollinshead P, Grocott J, Maguire H, Natarajan I, Chembala J, Sanyal R, Lijko S, Abano N, Remegoso A, Ferdinand P, Stevens S, Varquez R, Causley C, Butler A, Whitmore P, Stephen C, Carpio R, Hiden J, Muddegowda G, Denic H, Sword J, Curwen R, James M, Mudd P, Hall F, Cageao J, Keenan S, Roughan C, Kingwell H, Hemsley A, Lohan C, Davenport S, Bowring A, Chapter T, Hough M, Strain D, Gupwell K, Miller K, Goff A, Cusack E, Todd S, Partridge R, Jennings G, Thorpe K, Stephenson J, Littlewood K, Barber M, Brodie F, Marshall S, Esson D, Coburn I, Mcinnes C, Ross F, Bowie E, Barcroft H, Withers V, Miller L, Willcoxson P, Donninson M, Evans R, Daniel D, Coyle J, Keeling M, Wanklyn P, Elliott M, Wightman J, Iveson E, Dyer N, Porteous AM, Haritakis M, Ward M, Doughty L, Carr L, O Neill M, Anazodo C, Wood P, Cottrell P, Donne C, Rodriguez R, Mir R, Westmoreland J, Bell J, Emms C, Wright L, Clark Brown P, Bamford E, Stanners A, Carpenter M, Datta P, Davey R, Needle A, Eastwood MJ, Razik FZ, Ghouri I, Bateman G, Archer J, Balasubramanian V, Bowers R, Ball J, Benton L, Jackson L, Ellam J, Norton K, Guyler P, Dowling T, Tysoe S, Harman P, Kundu A, Omodunbi O, Loganathan T, Chandler S, Noor S, Siddiqui A, Siddiqui A, Kunhunny S, Sinha D, Sheppard M, Rashmi S, France E, Orath Prabakaran R, Wilson L, Ropun A, Kelavkar S, Ng KX, Kamuriwo L, Shah S, Mangion D, Constantin C, De Michele Hock L, Hardwick A, Borley J, Markova S, Netherton K, Lawrence T, Fletcher J, Spencer R, Palmer H, Cullen C, Hamill D, Durairaj R, Mellor Z, Fluskey T, Wood D, Keeling A, Hankin V, Peters J, Shackcloth D, Hlaing T, Tangney R, Ewing J, Harrison M, Stevenson S, Sutton V, Soliman M, Hindle J, Watson E, Hewitt C, Borley J, Butler S, Wahishi I, Arif S, Fields A, Sharma J, Brown R, Taylor C, Bell S, Leach S, Patterson C, Khan S, Wilson H, Price J, Ramadan H, Maguire S, Bellfield R, Hooley M, Hamid U, Gaba W, Ghulam R, Masters L, Quinn O, Sekaran L, Tate M, Mohammed N, Bharaj K, Justin F, Pattni R, Alwis L, Sethuraman S, Robinson R, Eldridge L, Mintias S, Chauhan M, Tam CK, Palmones J, Holmes C, Guthrie LB, Osborn M, Ball L, Caine S, Steele A, Murphy P, Devitt N, Leonard J, Patel R, Penwarden I, Dodd E, Holloway A, Baker P, Clarke S, Williams S, Dow L, Wynn-Williams R, Kennedy J, Teal R, Schulz U, Ford G, Mathieson P, Reckless I, Deveciana A, Mccann P, Cluckie G, Howell G, Ayer J, Moynihan B, Ghatala R, Clarke B, Cloud G, Patel B, Khan U, Al-Samarrai N, Trippier S, Chopra N, Adedoyin T, Watson F, Jones V, Zhang L, Choy L, Williams R, Clarke N, Blight A, Kennedy K, Dainty A, Selvarajah J, Kalladka D, Cheripelli B, Smith W, Moreton F, Welch A, Huang X, Douglas E, Lush A, Day N, El Tawil S, Montgomery K, Hamilton H, Ritchie D, Ramachandra S, Mcleish K, Thavanesan K, Loganathan S, Roberts J, Cox C, Orr S, Hogan A, Tiwari D, Hann G, Longland B, David O, Bell J, Ovington C, Rogers E, Bower R, Keltos M, Cohen D, Devine J, Alwis L, Southworth L, Burgess L, Lang M, Badiani B, Guo F, Oshodi A, Owoyele E, Epie N, David A, Mpelembue M, Bathula R, Abdul-Saheb M, Chamberlain A, Sudkeo V, Rashed K, Wood D, Williams-Yesson B, Board J, De Bruijn S, Buckley C, Board S, Allison J, Keeling E, Duckett T, Donaldson D, Vickers C, Barron C, Balian L, Wilson J, Edwards A, England T, Hedstrom A, Bedford E, Harper M, Melikyan E, Abbott W, Subramanian K, Goldsworthy M, Srinivasan M, Yeomans A, Donaldson D, Hurford F, Chapman R, Shahzad S, David O, Motherwell N, Tonks L, Young R, Ghani U, Mukherjee I, Dutta D, Obaid M, Brown P, Davis F, Ward D, Turfrey J, Cartwright B, Topia B, Spurway J, Collins K, Bakawala R, Hughes C, Oconnell S, Hill L, Chatterjee K, Webster T, Haider S, Rushworth P, Macleod F, Nallasivan A, Perkins C, Burns E, Leason S, Carter T, Seagrave S, Sami E, Armstrong L, Naqvi SN, Hassan M, Parkinson S, Mawer S, Darnbrook G, Booth C, Hairsine B, Smith M, Williamson S, Farquhar F, Esisi B, Cassidy T, Mankin G, Mcclelland B, Bokhari M, Sproates D, Epstein E, Hurdowar S, Blackburn R, Sukhdeep N, Razak S, Osman K, Hashmi A, Upton N, Harrington F, Courtauld G, Schofield C, Lucas L, Adie K, Bond K, Mate A, Skewes J, James A, Brodie C, Johnson M, Allsop L, Driver E, Harris K, Drake M, Ellis S, Maund B, Thomas E, Moore K, Burn M, Hamilton A, Mahalingam S, Misra A, Reid F, Benford A, Hilton D, Hazell L, Ofori K, Thomas AL, Mathew M, Dayal S, Burn I, Fotherby K, Jennings-Preece K, Willberry A, Morgan D, Butler D, Sahota G, Kauldhar K, Ahmad N, Stevens A, Das S, Bruce D, Pai Y, Nyo K, Stephenson L, Nendick R, Rogers G, Dhakal M, Dima S, Brown E, Clayton S, Gamble P, Naeem M, Hayman R, Burnip R, Earnshaw P, Hargroves D, Ransom B, Rudenko H, Balogun I, Griffiths K, Mears K, Webb T, Cowie L, Hammond T, Thomson A, Ceccarelli D, Chattha N, Beranova E, Verrion A, Gillian A, Schumacher N, Bahk A, Walker S, Cvoro V, Mccormick K, Chapman N, Pound S, Cain R, Mcauley S, Couser M, Simpson M, Tachtatzis A, Ullah K, Sims D, Jones R, Smith J, Tongue R, Willmot M, Sutton C, Littleton E, Khaira J, Maiden S, Cunningham J, Green C, Chin YM, Bates M, Ahlquist K, Kane I, Breeds J, Sargent T, Latter L, Pitt Ford A, Gainsborough N, Levett T, Thompson P, Barbon E, Dunne A, Hervey S, Ragab S, Sandell T, Dickson C, Dube J, Power S, Evans N, Wadams B, Elitova S, Aubrey B, Garcia T, Mcilmoyle J, Jeffs C, Dickinson C, Ahmed A, Kumar S, Frudd J, Armer C, Potter A, Donaldson S, Howard J, Jones K, Dhar S, Collas D, Sundayi S, Denham L, Oza D, Walker E, Cunningham J, Bhandari M, Ispoglou S, Evans R, Sharobeem K, Walton E, Shanu S, Hayes A, Howard-Brown J, Billingham S, Weir N, Pressly V, Wood E, Sykes L, Howard G, Burton H, Crawford P, Egerton S, Evans S, Hakkak J, Andrews J, Lampard R, Allen C, Walters A, Said R, Marigold JR, Tsang SM, Creeden R, Cox C, Smith S, Gartrell I, Smith F, Jenkins C, Pryor J, Hedges A, Price F, Moseley L, Mercer L, Hughes C, Mcgowan D, Azim A, White J, Krasinska-Chavez M, Chaplin S, Curtis J, Singh D, Imam J, Nicolson A, Alam S, Whitworth S, Wood L, Warburton E, Kelly S, Mcgee J, Markus H, Chandrasena D, Hayden D, Sesay J, Hayhoe H, Bolton M, Macdonald J, Mitchell J, Farron C, Amis E, Day D, Culbert A, Espanol A, Hannon N, Handley D, Finlay S, Crisp S, Whitehead L, Francis J, Oconnell J, Osborne E, Beard R, Krishnamurthy R, Mokoena L, Sattar N, Myint M, Edwards M, Smith A, Corrigan P, Byrne A, Blackburn J, Mcghee C, Smart A, Macleod M, Donaldson F, Copeland C, Wilson J, Scott R, Fitzsimmons P, Lopez P, Wilkinson M, Manoj A, Cox P, Trainor L, Fletcher G, Denny L, Kavanagh K, Allsop H, Emsley H, Sultan S, Mcloughlin A, Walmsley B, Hough L, Ahmed S, Doyle D, Gregary B, Raj S, Nagaratnam K, Mannava N, Haque N, Shields N, Preston K, Mason G, Short K, Lumsdale G, Uitenbosch G, Sukys U, Valentine S, Jarrett D, Dodsworth K, Wands M, Khan N, Tandy J, Watkinson C, Golding W, Butler R, Williams M, Davies Y, Yip K, James C, Suttling A, Maney A, Gamble GE, Hague A, Charles B, Blane S, Duran B, Lambert C, Stagg K, Whiting R, Homan JE, Brown S, Hussain M, Harvey M, Graham L, Foote L, Lane C, Kemp L(J, Rowe J, Durman H, Foot J, Brotherton L, Hunt N, Pawley C, Whitcher A, Sutton P, Mcdonald S, Pak D, Wiltshire A, Jagger J, Metcalf AK, Healey GL, Balami J, Self CM, Crofts M, Chakrabarti A, Hmu C, Ravenhill G, Grimmer C, Soe T, Keshet-Price J, Langley M, Potter I, Tam PL, Macleod MJ, Cooper P, Christie M, Irvine J, Annison F, Christie D, Meneses C, Johnson A, Joyson A, Nelson S, Taylor V, Reid J, Clarke R, Furnace J, Gow H, Abousleiman Y, Beadling T, Collins S, Jones S, Purcell J, Bloom S, Goshawk S, Landicho M, Sangaralingham S, Begum Y, Mutton S, Munuswamy Vaiyapuri E, Allen J, Lowe J, Hughes M, Wiggam I, Cuddy S, Tauro S, Wells B, Mohd Nor A, Eglinton C, Persad N, Kalita M, Weatherby S, Brown C, Pace A, Lashley D, Marner M, Weinling M, Wilmshurst N, Waugh D, Mucha A, Shah A, Baker J, Westcott J, Cowan R, Vasileiadis E, Mumani S, Parry A, Mason C, Holden M, Petrides K, Nishiyama T, Mehta H, Krishnan M, Lynne D, Thomas L, Lynda C, Hughes C, Clements C, Williams R, Anjum T, Sharon S, Tucker S, Jones P, Colwill D, Thompson Jones H, Chadha D, Fairweather M, Walstow D, Fong R, Johnston S, Almadenboyle C, Ross S, Carson S, Nair P, Tenbruck E, Stirling M, Pusalkar A, Beadle H, Chan K, Dangri P, Asokanathan A, Rana A, Gohil S, Massyn M, Aruldoss P, Cook A, Crabtree K, Dabbagh S, Black T, Clarke C, Mead D, Fennelly R, Anthony A, Nardone L, Dimartino V, Tribbeck M, Broughton D, Tryambake D, Dixon L, Skotnicka A, Thompson J, Whitehouse S, Sigsworth A, Wong J, Annamalai A, Pagan J, Affley B, Sunderland C, Goldenberg L, Khan A, Wilkinson P, Nari R, Abbott L, Young E, Shakhon A, Lock S, Stewart J, Pereira R, Dsouza M, Dunn S, Mckenna AM, Cron N, Kidd M, Hull G, Bunworth K, Drummond G, Mahawish K, Hayes N, Connell L, Simpson J, Penney H, Punekar S, Nevinson J, Wareing W, Ward J, Greenwood R, Austin D, Banaras A, Hogan C, Corbett T, Oji N, Elliott E, Brezitski M, Passeron N, Howaniec L, Watchurst C, Patel K, Erande R, Shah R, Sengupta N, Metiu M, Gonzalez C, Funnell S, Margalef J, Peters G, Chadbourn I, Sivakumar R, Saksena R, Ketley-O'donel J, Needle R, Chinery E, Wright A, Cook S, Ngeh J, Proeschel H, Cook P, Ashcroft P, Sharpe S, Jones S, Jenkinson D, Kelly D, Bray H, Gunathilagan G, Griffiths K, Mears K, Gillian A, Jones S, Tilbey S, Abubakar S, Beranova E, Vassallo J, Leonard D, Orrell L, Hasan A, Khan A, Qamar S, Graham S, Hewitt E, Awolesi J, Haque M, Kent A, Bradshaw E, Cooper M, Wynter I, Rajapakse A, Janbieh J, Nasar AM, Wade L, Otter L, Haigh S, Burgoyne JR, Boulton R, Boulton A, Rayessa R, Clarkson E, Rhian H, Fleming A, Mitchelson K, Lowthorpe V, Abdul-Hamid A, Jones P, Duggan C, Hynes A, Nurse E, Raza SA, Jones S, Pallikona U, Edwards B, Morgan G, Dennett K, Tench H, Loosley R, Trugeon-Smith T, Jones R, Williams R, Robson D, Mavinamane S, Meenakshisundaram S, Ranga L, Dealing S, Hill A, Hargreaves M, Smith T, Bate J, Harrison L, Kirthivasan R, Cannon E, Topliffe J, Keskeys R, Williams S, Mcneela F, Cairns F, James T, Lyle A, Shah S, Zachariah G, Fergey L, Smolen S, Cooper L, Bohannan E, Omer S, Amlani S, Hunter N, Hawkes-Blackburn M, Gulli G, Peacocke A, Amero J, Burova M, Speirs O, Levy S, Francis L, Holland S, Brotheridge S, Lyon H, Hare C, Jackson S, Stephenson L, Al Hussayni S, Featherstone J, Bwalya A, Singh A, Goorah MN, Walford J, Bell A, Kelly C, Rusk D, Sutton D, Patel F, Duberley S, Hayes K, Hunt L, El Nour A, Cottrell P, Westmoreland J, Honour S, Box C, Wood P, Haritakis M, Dyer S, Brown L, Elliott K, Temlett E, Paterson J, Furness R, Young S, Orugun E, Brewer C, Thornthwaite S, Crowther H, Glover R, Sein M, Haque K, Gibson E, Wong S, Rotchell K, Burton K, Brookes L, Bailey L, Leonard D, Lindley C, Murray A, Waltho K, Holland M, Kumar P, Harlekar P, Booth L, Culmsee C, Drew J, Khan M, Mackenzie N, Thomas C, Ritchie J, Barker J, Haley M, Cotterill D, Lane L, Little C, Simmons D, Saunders G, Dymond H, Kidd S, Warinton R, Neves-Silva Y, Nevajda B, Villaruel M, Umasankar U, Patel S, Man A, Christmas N, Rangasamy R, Ladner R, Butt G, Alvares W, Gadi N, Power M, Wroath B, Dynan K, Wilson D, Crothers S, Leonard C, Hagan S, Douris G, Vahidassr D, Thompson A, Gallen B, Mckenna S, Edwards C, Mcgoldrick C, Bhattad M, Kawafi K, Morse D, Jacob P, Turner L, Saravanan N, Johnson L, Humphrey S, Namushi R, Patel R, Mclaughlin J, Omahony P, Osikominu E, Orefo C, Mcdonald C, Jones V, Makanju E, Khan T, Appiatse G, Stone H, Augustin M, Wardale A, Salehin M, Bailey D, Garcia-Alen L, Kalathil L, Tinsley S, Jones T, Amor K, Ritchings A, Margerum E, Horton J, Miller R, Gautam N, Meir J, Jones A, Putteril J, Lepore M, Makanju E, Gallifent R, Arundell LL, Mcredmond C, Goulding A, Nadarajan V, Laurence J, Fung Lo S, Melander S, Nicholas P, Woodford E, Mckenzie G, Le V, Crause J, Luder R, Bhargava M, Shah R, Bhome G, Johnson VV, Chesser D, Bridger H, Murali E, Scott J, Morrison S, Burns A, Graham J, Duffy M, Ali K, Sargent T, Pitcher E, Gaylard J, Newman J, Punnoose S, Besley S, Purohit K, Rees A, Davy M, Chohan O, Khan MF, Walker R, Murray V, Bent C, Oakley S, Blight A, Peixoto C, Jones S, Livingstone G, Butler F, Bradfield S, Gordon L, Schmit J, Wijewardane A, Edmunds T, Wills R, Medcalf C, Argandona L, Cuenoud L, Hassan H, Erumere E, Ocallaghan A, Gompertz P, Redjep O, Auld G, Howaniec L, Song A, Tarkas T, Kabash H, Hungwe R. Effects of fluoxetine on functional outcomes after acute stroke (FOCUS): a pragmatic, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 2019; 393:265-274. [PMID: 30528472 PMCID: PMC6336936 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32823-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of small trials indicate that fluoxetine might improve functional outcomes after stroke. The FOCUS trial aimed to provide a precise estimate of these effects. METHODS FOCUS was a pragmatic, multicentre, parallel group, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial done at 103 hospitals in the UK. Patients were eligible if they were aged 18 years or older, had a clinical stroke diagnosis, were enrolled and randomly assigned between 2 days and 15 days after onset, and had focal neurological deficits. Patients were randomly allocated fluoxetine 20 mg or matching placebo orally once daily for 6 months via a web-based system by use of a minimisation algorithm. The primary outcome was functional status, measured with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), at 6 months. Patients, carers, health-care staff, and the trial team were masked to treatment allocation. Functional status was assessed at 6 months and 12 months after randomisation. Patients were analysed according to their treatment allocation. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN83290762. FINDINGS Between Sept 10, 2012, and March 31, 2017, 3127 patients were recruited. 1564 patients were allocated fluoxetine and 1563 allocated placebo. mRS data at 6 months were available for 1553 (99·3%) patients in each treatment group. The distribution across mRS categories at 6 months was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (common odds ratio adjusted for minimisation variables 0·951 [95% CI 0·839-1·079]; p=0·439). Patients allocated fluoxetine were less likely than those allocated placebo to develop new depression by 6 months (210 [13·43%] patients vs 269 [17·21%]; difference 3·78% [95% CI 1·26-6·30]; p=0·0033), but they had more bone fractures (45 [2·88%] vs 23 [1·47%]; difference 1·41% [95% CI 0·38-2·43]; p=0·0070). There were no significant differences in any other event at 6 or 12 months. INTERPRETATION Fluoxetine 20 mg given daily for 6 months after acute stroke does not seem to improve functional outcomes. Although the treatment reduced the occurrence of depression, it increased the frequency of bone fractures. These results do not support the routine use of fluoxetine either for the prevention of post-stroke depression or to promote recovery of function. FUNDING UK Stroke Association and NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme.
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Ball J, Marwick T, Zisis G, Carrington M. Heart Failure Digital Coach: Pilot Findings of an Avatar Style Application to Improve Symptoms, Self-care and Knowledge. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Palmer E, Kegley E, Powell J, Wang X, Chai J, Chewning S, McClure M, Ball J, Zhao J. PSV-18 Characterization of rumen and fecal microbiota in heifer calves supplemented yeast products prior to and after weaning. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Palmer
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - E Kegley
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - J Powell
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - X Wang
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - J Chai
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - S Chewning
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - M McClure
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - J Ball
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - J Zhao
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Ball J, Kegley E, Beck P, Powell J. 254 Bioavailability of Cu, Mn, and Zn from organic sources compared to sulfates. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Ball
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - E Kegley
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - P Beck
- University of Arkansas Southwest Research & Extension Center,Hope, AR, United States
| | - J Powell
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Ball J, Kegley E, Palmer E, Hornsby P, Reynolds J, Shoulders B, Lester T, Powell J. 252 Comparison of growth-promoting implant regimens from calfhood to finishing in beef steers: stocker phase. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Ball
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - E Kegley
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - E Palmer
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - P Hornsby
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - J Reynolds
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - B Shoulders
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - T Lester
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - J Powell
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Palmer E, Kegley E, Ball J, Hornsby P, Reynolds J, Shoulders B, Cravey M, Powell J. 71 Effects of yeast product supplementation during late gestation and subsequent effects on calf health and growth performance. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Palmer
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - E Kegley
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - J Ball
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - P Hornsby
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - J Reynolds
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - B Shoulders
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - M Cravey
- Phileo Lesaffre Animal Care,Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - J Powell
- University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture,Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Cohen EO, Hen O, Piasetzky E, Weinstein LB, Duer M, Schmidt A, Korover I, Hakobyan H, Adhikari S, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Avakian H, Ball J, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Beck A, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe W, Burkert VD, Cao F, Carman DS, Celentano A, Charles G, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clary BA, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, Cruz Torres R, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Duer M, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, Fassi LE, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fersch R, Filippi A, Ghandilyan Y, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Hafidi K, Harrison N, Hauenstein F, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Johnston S, Kabir ML, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Korover I, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, McKinnon B, Mey-Tal Beck S, Meyer CA, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Mustapha B, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Riser D, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Schmookler BA, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Wang R, Watts DP, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zheng X, Zhao ZW. Center of Mass Motion of Short-Range Correlated Nucleon Pairs studied via the A(e,e^{'}pp) Reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:092501. [PMID: 30230869 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Short-range correlated (SRC) nucleon pairs are a vital part of the nucleus, accounting for almost all nucleons with momentum greater than the Fermi momentum (k_{F}). A fundamental characteristic of SRC pairs is having large relative momenta as compared to k_{F}, and smaller center of mass (c.m.) which indicates a small separation distance between the nucleons in the pair. Determining the c.m. momentum distribution of SRC pairs is essential for understanding their formation process. We report here on the extraction of the c.m. motion of proton-proton (pp) SRC pairs in carbon and, for the first time in heavier and ansymetric nuclei: aluminum, iron, and lead, from measurements of the A(e,e^{'}pp) reaction. We find that the pair c.m. motion for these nuclei can be described by a three-dimensional Gaussian with a narrow width ranging from 140 to 170 MeV/c, approximately consistent with the sum of two mean-field nucleon momenta. Comparison with calculations appears to show that the SRC pairs are formed from mean-field nucleons in specific quantum states.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Cohen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - O Hen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Piasetzky
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Duer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Schmidt
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Korover
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Ball
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - A Beck
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Fairfield University, Fairfield Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Briscoe
- Institute for Nuclear Studies, Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington DC 20052, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Cao
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - G Charles
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Pierre Chatagnon
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - R Cruz Torres
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Duer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Mathieu Ehrhart
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - S Johnston
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - I Korover
- Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Mey-Tal Beck
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - B Mustapha
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - D Riser
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B A Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - R Wang
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
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Sharashova E, Wilsgaard T, Njolstad I, Mathiesen EB, Hopstock LA, Ball J, Gerdts E, Morseth B, Lochen ML. 6168Long-term systolic blood pressure trajectories predict risk of incident atrial fibrillation in a general population cohort study. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.6168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Sharashova
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine, Tromso, Norway
| | - T Wilsgaard
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine, Tromso, Norway
| | - I Njolstad
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine, Tromso, Norway
| | - E B Mathiesen
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Clinical Medicine, Tromso, Norway
| | - L A Hopstock
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Health and Care Sciences, Tromso, Norway
| | - J Ball
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Pre-Clinical Disease and Prevention, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Gerdts
- University of Bergen, Department of Clinical Science, Bergen, Norway
| | - B Morseth
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, School of Sport Sciences, Tromso, Norway
| | - M L Lochen
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Community Medicine, Tromso, Norway
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Abstract
SummaryWe have examined the in vitro effects of DN 9693 (piperidinylimidazo-quinazolinone) on various aspects of platelet reactivity. Our results are consistent with its known function as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor in that it increased platelet cyclic AMP, particularly in conjunction with an adenylate cyclase stimulator, and exerted a profound inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation responses to a variety of agonists. DN 9693 also inhibited ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination (RIPA). We therefore examined its effect on ristocetin co-factor assays and on the binding of a monoclonal antibody (McAb) to platelet membrane glycoprotein lb (GPIb). The drug inhibited the binding of the monoclonal antibody in a dose-dependent manner. This suggests an effect of the drug on the platelet surface membrane with reduced expression of GPIb. Our results indicate that in addition to its anticipated inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation, DN 9693 may also inhibit platelet adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jackson
- The Department of Haematology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - J Ball
- The Department of Haematology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - J Peel
- The Department of Haematology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - J Lawry
- The Department of Virology, University Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - M Greaves
- The Department of Haematology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - F E Preston
- The Department of Haematology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
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41
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Lovell DJ, Dare JA, Francis-Sedlak M, Ball J, LaMoreaux BD, Von Scheven E, Reinhardt A, Jerath R, Alpan O, Gupta R, Goldsmith D, Zeft A, Naddaf H, Gottlieb B, Jung L, Holt RJ. A 6-month, multicenter, open-label study of fixed dose naproxen/esomeprazole in adolescent patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2018; 16:41. [PMID: 29941047 PMCID: PMC6019234 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-018-0260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an inflammatory arthritis of unknown etiology, which lasts for greater than 6 weeks with onset before 16 years of age. JIA is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in children. NSAIDs have been the mainstay of initial management with naproxen (NAP) being commonly used, but they may cause serious side effects such as gastric ulcers which can be reduced by concomitant administration of proton pump inhibitors, such as esomeprazole (ESO). METHODS Primary objective was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of 3 fixed doses of NAP/ESO in JIA patients aged 12 to 16 years. Forty-six children and adolescents with JIA by International League of Associations for Rheumatology criteria, mean age of 13.6 years, from 18 US sites were prospectively enrolled over 2 years and followed for up to 6 months. Doses of the NAP/ESO fixed combination were based on baseline weight. The exploratory efficacy outcome was assessed with the ACR Pediatric-30, - 50, - 70, - 90 Response and the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) discomfort and functional scores at months 1, 3, and 6 as change from baseline. Occurrence and causality were assessed for treatment emergent AEs (TEAEs) and discontinuations were monitored monthly. RESULTS Forty-six patients received at least 1 dose of naproxen/esomeprazole and 36 completed the trial. Thirty-seven (80.4%) had at least 1 treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE) and, with the exception of 2 events in one patient, all of the TEAEs were mild or moderate. Frequent TEAEs (≥5% of patients) were upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal related. Eleven (23.9%) had at least 1 TEAE considered to be related to study drug. Four patients (8.7%) discontinued due to a TEAE with one of these being the only serious AE reported, acute hepatitis. Mean number of active joints at baseline was 3.1. Improvement in JIA signs and symptoms occurred at most assessments and by month 6, the percentage of patients with an ACR Pediatric-30, - 50, - 70, and - 90 Response was 47.1, 38.2, 32.4, and 17.6%, respectively. The percent of patients achieving ACR Pediatric response increased over time. CHAQ discomfort improved at each assessment and functional scores improved at all assessments for 'Arising, Walking, and Activities' with several improved for 'Dressing and Grooming, Eating, Hygiene, and Grip'. There was no indication of a dose-related efficacy effect. CONCLUSION NAP/ESO was well tolerated in JIA patients aged 12 to 16 years with high levels of response to ACR criteria. No new safety signals were identified for the well-characterized components of this fixed dosed JIA treatment, which was developed to reduce the risk of gastric ulcers. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01544114 . Registered February 21, 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Lovell
- 0000 0000 9025 8099grid.239573.9Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA ,0000 0001 2179 9593grid.24827.3bUniversity of Cincinnati School of Medicine, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Jason A. Dare
- 0000 0001 2157 2081grid.239305.eArkansas Children’s Hospital, 1 Children’s Way, Slot# 512-2, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA
| | - Megan Francis-Sedlak
- 0000 0004 4903 3495grid.476366.6Horizon Pharma USA, Inc, 150 South Saunders Road, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
| | - Julie Ball
- 0000 0004 4903 3495grid.476366.6Horizon Pharma USA, Inc, 150 South Saunders Road, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
| | - Brian D. LaMoreaux
- 0000 0004 4903 3495grid.476366.6Horizon Pharma USA, Inc, 150 South Saunders Road, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
| | - Emily Von Scheven
- 0000 0001 2297 6811grid.266102.1University of California San Francisco Pediatric Rheumatology, 550 16th Street, 5th Fl, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Adam Reinhardt
- 0000 0001 0775 5412grid.266815.eUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center/Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, 8200 Dodge St, Omaha, NE 68114 USA
| | - Rita Jerath
- 0000 0001 2284 9329grid.410427.4Augusta University Medical Center, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912-5536 USA
| | - Oral Alpan
- grid.477618.bO & O Alpan, LLC, 11212 Waples Mill Rd Ste. 100, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA
| | - Ramesh Gupta
- Rheumatology and Immunology Private Practice, 6005 Park Ave, Suite 409, Memphis, TN 38119 USA
| | - Donald Goldsmith
- 0000 0004 0383 801Xgrid.416364.2St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children, 160 E Erie Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19134 USA
| | - Andrew Zeft
- 0000 0001 0675 4725grid.239578.2The Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
| | - Henry Naddaf
- Toledo Clinic Inc, 4235 Secor Road, Toledo, OH 43623 USA
| | - Beth Gottlieb
- grid.415338.8Cohen Children’s Medical Center of New York, 269-01 76th Avenue, New Hyde Park, NY 11040 USA
| | - Lawrence Jung
- grid.239560.bChildren’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20010 USA
| | - Robert J. Holt
- 0000 0004 4903 3495grid.476366.6Horizon Pharma USA, Inc, 150 South Saunders Road, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA ,0000 0001 2175 0319grid.185648.6Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois-Chicago, 1721 North Woods Way, Vernon Hills, IL 60061 USA
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42
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Scuffham PA, Ball J, Horowitz JD, Wong C, Newton PJ, Macdonald P, McVeigh J, Rischbieth A, Emanuele N, Carrington MJ, Reid CM, Chan YK, Stewart S. Standard vs. intensified management of heart failure to reduce healthcare costs: results of a multicentre, randomized controlled trial. Eur Heart J 2018; 38:2340-2348. [PMID: 28531281 PMCID: PMC5843128 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To determine if an intensified form of heart failure management programme (INT-HF-MP) based on individual profiling is superior to standard management (SM) in reducing health care costs during 12-month follow-up (primary endpoint). Methods and results A multicentre randomized trial involving 787 patients (full analysis set) discharged from four tertiary hospitals with chronic HF who were randomized to SM (n = 391) or INT-HF-MP (n = 396). Mean age was 74 ± 12 years, 65% had HF with a reduced ejection fraction (31.4 ± 8.9%) and 14% were remote-dwelling. Study groups were well matched. According to Green, Amber, Red Delineation of rIsk And Need in HF (GARDIAN-HF) profiling, regardless of location, patients in the INT-HF-MP received a combination of face-to-face (home visits) and structured telephone support (STS); only 9% (`low risk') were designated to receive the same level of management as the SM group. The median cost in 2017 Australian dollars (A$1 equivalent to ∼EUR €0.7) of applying INT-HF-MP was significantly greater than SM ($152 vs. $121 per patient per month; P < 0.001), However, at 12 months, there was no difference in total health care costs for the INT-HF-MP vs. SM group (median $1579, IQR $644 to $3717 vs. $1450, IQR $564 to $3615 per patient per month, respectively). This reflected minimal differences in all-cause mortality (17.7% vs. 18.4%; P = 0.848) and recurrent hospital stay (18.6 ± 26.5 vs. 16.6 ± 24.8 days; P = 0.199) between the INT-HF-MP and SM groups, respectively. Conclusion During 12-months follow-up, an INT-HF-MP did not reduce healthcare costs or improve health outcomes relative to SM.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Scuffham
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, N78_2.42 The Circuit, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - J Ball
- Pre-Clinical Disease and Prevention, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - J D Horowitz
- Department of Cardiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - C Wong
- Department of Cardiology, Western Health (Footscray Hospital), Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - P J Newton
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Chronic Care, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, 235 Jones St, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - P Macdonald
- Heart Failure and Transplant Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, 390 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - J McVeigh
- Department of Cardiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Barker St, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - A Rischbieth
- National Heart Foundation of Australia, 500 Collins St Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - N Emanuele
- National Heart Foundation of Australia, 500 Collins St Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - M J Carrington
- Pre-Clinical Disease and Prevention, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, NHMRC of Australia Centre of Research Excellence to Reduce Inequality in Heart Disease, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring St, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - C M Reid
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Cardiovascular Outcomes Improvement, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Y K Chan
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, NHMRC of Australia Centre of Research Excellence to Reduce Inequality in Heart Disease, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring St, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - S Stewart
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, NHMRC of Australia Centre of Research Excellence to Reduce Inequality in Heart Disease, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring St, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
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Adhikari KP, Deur A, El Fassi L, Kang H, Kuhn SE, Ripani M, Slifer K, Zheng X, Adhikari S, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Avakian H, Ball J, Balossino I, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Bosted P, Briscoe WJ, Brock J, Bültmann S, Burkert VD, Thanh Cao F, Carlin C, Carman DS, Celentano A, Charles G, Chen JP, Chetry T, Choi S, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Defurne M, Djalali C, Dodge GE, Drozdov V, Dupre R, Egiyan H, El Alaoui A, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Filippi A, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guler N, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Hyde CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Johnston SC, Joo K, Joosten S, Kabir ML, Keith CD, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khandaker M, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Konczykowski P, Kovacs K, Kubarovsky V, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, Long E, MacGregor IJD, Markov N, Mayer M, McKinnon B, Meekins DG, Meyer CA, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niculescu G, Niccolai S, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Pappalardo L, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Payette D, Phelps W, Phillips SK, Pierce J, Pogorelko O, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Raue BA, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shigeyuki T, Simonyan A, Skorodumina I, Smith GD, Sparveris N, Sokhan D, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Sulkosky V, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Ungaro M, Voutier E, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Measurement of the Q^{2} Dependence of the Deuteron Spin Structure Function g_{1} and its Moments at Low Q^{2} with CLAS. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:062501. [PMID: 29481214 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.062501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We measured the g_{1} spin structure function of the deuteron at low Q^{2}, where QCD can be approximated with chiral perturbation theory (χPT). The data cover the resonance region, up to an invariant mass of W≈1.9 GeV. The generalized Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum, the moment Γ_{1}^{d} and the spin polarizability γ_{0}^{d} are precisely determined down to a minimum Q^{2} of 0.02 GeV^{2} for the first time, about 2.5 times lower than that of previous data. We compare them to several χPT calculations and models. These results are the first in a program of benchmark measurements of polarization observables in the χPT domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - L El Fassi
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - H Kang
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - K Slifer
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Ball
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - I Balossino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - P Bosted
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - J Brock
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Thanh Cao
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Carlin
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - G Charles
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Choi
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G E Dodge
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Drozdov
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - N Guler
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Guo
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - C Hanretty
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - S C Johnston
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - C D Keith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - P Konczykowski
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Kovacs
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E Long
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | | | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D G Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - G Niculescu
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - K Park
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - D Payette
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S K Phillips
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - J Pierce
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - B A Raue
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Shigeyuki
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - A Simonyan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G D Smith
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Università di Genova, Dipartimento di Fisica, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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Hattawy M, Baltzell NA, Dupré R, Hafidi K, Stepanyan S, Bültmann S, De Vita R, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Egiyan H, Girod FX, Guidal M, Jenkins D, Liuti S, Perrin Y, Torayev B, Voutier E, Adhikari KP, Adhikari S, Adikaram D, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Anefalos Pereira S, Armstrong WR, Avakian H, Ball J, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Batourine V, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Burkert VD, Thanh Cao F, Carman DS, Celentano A, Charles G, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Colaneri L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Cortes O, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Djalali C, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Fersch R, Filippi A, Fleming JA, Forest TA, Fradi A, Garçon M, Gevorgyan N, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Gleason C, Gohn W, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guo L, Hakobyan H, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Hughes SM, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jiang H, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Kuleshov SV, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, Lu HY, MacGregor IJD, Markov N, Mayer M, McCracken ME, McKinnon B, Meyer CA, Meziani ZE, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Moutarde H, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Net LA, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Phelps E, Phelps W, Pisano S, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Ritchie BG, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schumacher RA, Seder E, Sharabian YG, Simonyan A, Skorodumina I, Smith GD, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Walford NK, Watts DP, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zana L, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. First Exclusive Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering off ^{4}He: Toward the 3D Tomography of Nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:202004. [PMID: 29219329 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.202004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first measurement of the beam-spin asymmetry in the exclusive process of coherent deeply virtual Compton scattering off a nucleus. The experiment uses the 6 GeV electron beam from the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) accelerator at Jefferson Lab incident on a pressurized ^{4}He gaseous target placed in front of the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The scattered electron is detected by CLAS and the photon by a dedicated electromagnetic calorimeter at forward angles. To ensure the exclusivity of the process, a specially designed radial time projection chamber is used to detect the recoiling ^{4}He nuclei. We measure beam-spin asymmetries larger than those observed on the free proton in the same kinematic domain. From these, we are able to extract, in a model-independent way, the real and imaginary parts of the only ^{4}He Compton form factor, H_{A}. This first measurement of coherent deeply virtual Compton scattering on the ^{4}He nucleus, with a fully exclusive final state via nuclear recoil tagging, leads the way toward 3D imaging of the partonic structure of nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hattawy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - N A Baltzell
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Dupré
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A El Alaoui
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - S Liuti
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Y Perrin
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - B Torayev
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - K P Adhikari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | | | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Ball
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Bashkanov
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - V Batourine
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - G Charles
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - L Colaneri
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | | | - O Cortes
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - J A Fleming
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - M Garçon
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Gevorgyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - C Gleason
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - W Gohn
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Hanretty
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - S M Hughes
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H Jiang
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D Keller
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S V Kuleshov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Y Lu
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M E McCracken
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Z E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - H Moutarde
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L A Net
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - I Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K Park
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Phelps
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S Pisano
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - B G Ritchie
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Seder
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Simonyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G D Smith
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Sokhan
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- Università di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Ungaro
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - L Zana
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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45
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Tiwari S, Løchen ML, Jacobsen BK, Hopstock LA, Nyrnes A, Njølstad I, Mathiesen EB, Arntzen KA, Ball J, Stewart S, Wilsgaard T, Schirmer H. Atrial fibrillation is associated with cognitive decline in stroke-free subjects: the Tromsø Study. Eur J Neurol 2017; 24:1485-1492. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Tiwari
- Department of Community Medicine; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
| | - M. L. Løchen
- Department of Community Medicine; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
| | - B. K. Jacobsen
- Department of Community Medicine; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
| | - L. A. Hopstock
- Department of Community Medicine; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
- Department of Health and Care Sciences; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
| | - A. Nyrnes
- Department of Geriatric Medicine; University Hospital of North Norway; Tromsø
| | - I. Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
| | - E. B. Mathiesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology; University Hospital of North Norway; Tromsø Norway
| | - K. A. Arntzen
- Department of Clinical Medicine; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
| | - J. Ball
- Pre-Clinical Disease and Prevention; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute; Melbourne
| | - S. Stewart
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research; Australian Catholic University; Melbourne Australia
| | - T. Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
| | - H. Schirmer
- Department of Clinical Medicine; UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Tromsø
- Department of Cardiology; University Hospital of North Norway; Tromsø Norway
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46
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Ho D, Peng P, Bass C, Collins P, D'Angelo A, Deur A, Fleming J, Hanretty C, Kageya T, Khandaker M, Klein FJ, Klempt E, Laine V, Lowry MM, Lu H, Nepali C, Nikonov VA, O'Connell T, Sandorfi AM, Sarantsev AV, Schumacher RA, Strakovsky II, Švarc A, Walford NK, Wei X, Whisnant CS, Workman RL, Zonta I, Adhikari KP, Adikaram D, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Anefalos Pereira S, Avakian H, Ball J, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Batourine V, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli A, Briscoe WJ, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Celentano A, Charles G, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Colaneri L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, Dashyan N, De Sanctis E, De Vita R, Djalali C, Dupre R, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Fersch R, Filippi A, Fradi A, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Gleason C, Gohn W, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hakobyan H, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Hughes SM, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jiang H, Jo HS, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Kubarovsky V, Kuleshov SV, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Markov N, McKinnon B, Mineeva T, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Murdoch G, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Procureur S, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Riser D, Ritchie BG, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Sharabian YG, Skorodumina I, Smith GD, Sober DI, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Strauch S, Tian Y, Torayev B, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Beam-Target Helicity Asymmetry for γ[over →]n[over →]→π^{-}p in the N^{*} Resonance Region. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:242002. [PMID: 28665642 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.242002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the first beam-target double-polarization asymmetries in the γ+n(p)→π^{-}+p(p) reaction spanning the nucleon resonance region from invariant mass W=1500 to 2300 MeV. Circularly polarized photons and longitudinally polarized deuterons in solid hydrogen deuteride (HD) have been used with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab. The exclusive final state has been extracted using three very different analyses that show excellent agreement, and these have been used to deduce the E polarization observable for an effective neutron target. These results have been incorporated into new partial wave analyses and have led to significant revisions for several γnN^{*} resonance photocouplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ho
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - P Peng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - C Bass
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Collins
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" and INFN Sezione di Roma2, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Fleming
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - C Hanretty
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - T Kageya
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - F J Klein
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - E Klempt
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - V Laine
- Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, Aubière Cedex 63178 , France
| | - M M Lowry
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Lu
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Nepali
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V A Nikonov
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - T O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A M Sandorfi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A V Sarantsev
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - A Švarc
- Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10002, Croatia
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C S Whisnant
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - R L Workman
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - I Zonta
- Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" and INFN Sezione di Roma2, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Ball
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | - M Bashkanov
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | | | - V Batourine
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - A Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - G Charles
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara and Universita' di Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - L Colaneri
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - M Contalbrigo
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara and Universita' di Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati 00044, Italy
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Gleason
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - W Gohn
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - S M Hughes
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - H Jiang
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | | | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S V Kuleshov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L Lanza
- Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" and INFN Sezione di Roma2, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara and Universita' di Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - T Mineeva
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - A Movsisyan
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara and Universita' di Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - G Murdoch
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - K Park
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - S Procureur
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - D Riser
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - B G Ritchie
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" and INFN Sezione di Roma2, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - F Sabatié
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G D Smith
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - D I Sober
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Ye Tian
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - B Torayev
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
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Hauser TU, Iannaccone R, Dolan RJ, Ball J, Hättenschwiler J, Drechsler R, Rufer M, Brandeis D, Walitza S, Brem S. Increased fronto-striatal reward prediction errors moderate decision making in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychol Med 2017; 47:1246-1258. [PMID: 28065182 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716003305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been linked to functional abnormalities in fronto-striatal networks as well as impairments in decision making and learning. Little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms causing these decision-making and learning deficits in OCD, and how they relate to dysfunction in fronto-striatal networks. METHOD We investigated neural mechanisms of decision making in OCD patients, including early and late onset of disorder, in terms of reward prediction errors (RPEs) using functional magnetic resonance imaging. RPEs index a mismatch between expected and received outcomes, encoded by the dopaminergic system, and are known to drive learning and decision making in humans and animals. We used reinforcement learning models and RPE signals to infer the learning mechanisms and to compare behavioural parameters and neural RPE responses of the OCD patients with those of healthy matched controls. RESULTS Patients with OCD showed significantly increased RPE responses in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the putamen compared with controls. OCD patients also had a significantly lower perseveration parameter than controls. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced RPE signals in the ACC and putamen extend previous findings of fronto-striatal deficits in OCD. These abnormally strong RPEs suggest a hyper-responsive learning network in patients with OCD, which might explain their indecisiveness and intolerance of uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- T U Hauser
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging,University College London,London WC1N 3BG,UK
| | - R Iannaccone
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich,8032 Zürich,Switzerland
| | - R J Dolan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging,University College London,London WC1N 3BG,UK
| | - J Ball
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich,8032 Zürich,Switzerland
| | - J Hättenschwiler
- Anxiety Disorders and Depression Treatment Center Zurich (ADTCZ),Zurich,Switzerland
| | - R Drechsler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich,8032 Zürich,Switzerland
| | - M Rufer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich,Zurich,Switzerland
| | - D Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich,8032 Zürich,Switzerland
| | - S Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich,8032 Zürich,Switzerland
| | - S Brem
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich,8032 Zürich,Switzerland
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48
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Bos L, Schouten L, van Vught L, Wiewel M, Ong D, Cremer O, Artigas A, Martin-Loeches I, Hoogendijk A, van der Poll T, Horn J, Juffermans N, Schultz M, de Prost N, Pham T, Carteaux G, Dessap AM, Brun-Buisson C, Fan E, Bellani G, Laffey J, Mercat A, Brochard L, Maitre B, Howells PA, Thickett DR, Knox C, Park DP, Gao F, Tucker O, Whitehouse T, McAuley DF, Perkins GD, Pham T, Laffey J, Bellani G, Fan E, Pisani L, Roozeman JP, Simonis FD, Giangregorio A, Schouten LR, Van der Hoeven SM, Horn J, Neto AS, Festic E, Dondorp AM, Grasso S, Bos LD, Schultz MJ, Koster-Brouwer M, Verboom D, Scicluna B, van de Groep K, Frencken J, Schultz M, van der Poll T, Bonten M, Cremer O, Ko JI, Kim KS, Suh GJ, Kwon WY, Kim K, Shin JH, Ranzani OT, Prina E, Menendez R, Ceccato A, Mendez R, Cilloniz C, Gabarrus A, Ferrer M, Torres A, Urbano A, Zhang LA, Swigon D, Pike F, Parker RS, Clermont G, Scheer C, Kuhn SO, Modler A, Vollmer M, Fuchs C, Hahnenkamp K, Rehberg S, Gründling M, Taggu A, Darang N, Öveges N, László I, Tánczos K, Németh M, Lebák G, Tudor B, Érces D, Kaszaki J, Huber W, Oerding H, Holst R, Toft P, Nedergaard HK, Haberlandt T, Jensen HI, Toft P, Park S, Kim S, Cho YJ, Trásy D, Lim YJ, Chan A, Tang S, Nunes SL, Forsberg S, Blomqvist H, Berggren L, Sörberg M, Sarapohja T, Wickerts CJ, Molnár Z, Hofhuis JGM, Rose L, Blackwood B, Akerman E, Mcgaughey J, Egerod I, Fossum M, Foss H, Georgiou E, Graff HJ, Ferrara G, Kalafati M, Sperlinga R, Schafer A, Wojnicka AG, Spronk PE, Zand F, Khalili F, Afshari R, Sabetian G, Masjedi M, Edul VSK, Maghsudi B, Khodaei HH, Javadpour S, Petramfar P, Nasimi S, Vazin A, Ziaian B, Tabei H, Gunther A, Hansen JO, Canales HS, Sackey P, Storm H, Bernhardsson J, Sundin Ø, Bjärtå A, Bienert A, Smuszkiewicz P, Wiczling P, Przybylowski K, Borsuk A, Martins E, Trojanowska I, Matysiak J, Kokot Z, Paterska M, Grzeskowiak E, Messina A, Bonicolini E, Colombo D, Moro G, Romagnoli S, Canullán C, De Gaudio AR, Corte FD, Romano SM, Silversides JA, Major E, Mann EE, 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Schoonderbeek JF, Schreiner F, Verbrugge SJ, Duran S, Gommers DAMPJ, van der Jagt M, Funcke S, Sauerlaender S, Saugel B, Pinnschmidt H, Reuter DA, Nitzschke R, Perbet S, Biboulet C, Lenoire A, Bourdeaux D, Pereira B, Plaud B, Bazin JE, Sautou V, Mebazaa A, Constantin JM, Legrand M, Boyko Y, Jennum P, Nikolic M. ESICM LIVES 2016: part one. Intensive Care Med Exp 2016. [PMCID: PMC5042924 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-016-0098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Streur M, Ratcliffe S, Ball J, Stewart S, Riegel B. PT196 Symptom Clusters in Adults With Chronic Atrial Fibrillation. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Tanner J, Kiernan M, Hilliam R, Davey S, Collins E, Wood T, Ball J, Leaper D. Effectiveness of a care bundle to reduce surgical site infections in patients having open colorectal surgery. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2016; 98:270-4. [PMID: 26924481 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2016.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In 2010 a care bundle was introduced by the Department of Health (DH) to reduce surgical site infections (SSIs) in England. To date, use of the care bundle has not been evaluated despite incorporating interventions with resource implications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the DH SSI care bundle in open colorectal surgery. Methods A prospective cohort design was used at two teaching hospitals in England. The baseline group consisted of 127 consecutive patients having colorectal surgery during a 6-month period while the intervention group comprised 166 patients in the subsequent 6 months. SSI and care bundle compliance data were collected using dedicated surveillance staff. Results Just under a quarter (24%) of the patients in the baseline group developed a SSI compared with just over a quarter (28%) in the care bundle group (p>0.05). However, compliance rates with individual interventions, both before and after the implementation of the bundle, were similar. Interestingly, in only 19% of cases was there compliance with the total care bundle. The single intervention that showed an associated reduction in SSI was preoperative warming (p=0.032). Conclusions The DH care bundle did not reduce SSIs after open colorectal surgery. Despite this, it is not possible to state that the bundle is ineffective as compliance rates before and after bundle implementation were similar. All studies evaluating the effectiveness of care bundles must include data for compliance with interventions both before and after implementation of the care bundle; poor compliance may be one of the reasons for the lower than expected reduction of SSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S Davey
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust , UK
| | - E Collins
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust , UK
| | - T Wood
- University of Leicester , UK
| | - J Ball
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust , UK
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