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Santana-Viera L, Dassie JP, Rosàs-Lapeña M, Garcia-Monclús S, Chicón-Bosch M, Pérez-Capó M, Pozo LD, Sanchez-Serra S, Almacellas-Rabaiget O, Maqueda-Marcos S, López-Alemany R, Thiel WH, Giangrande PH, Tirado OM. Combination of protein and cell internalization SELEX identifies a potential RNA therapeutic and delivery platform to treat EphA2-expressing tumors. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2023; 32:758-772. [PMID: 37251690 PMCID: PMC10213179 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed in most solid tumors and acts as the major driver of tumorigenesis. In this study, we developed a novel approach for targeting the EphA2 receptor using a 2'-fluoro-modified pyrimidine RNA aptamer termed ATOP. We identified the ATOP EphA2 aptamer using a novel bioinformatics strategy that compared aptamers enriched during a protein SELEX using recombinant human EphA2 and a cell-internalization SELEX using EphA2-expressing MDA231 tumor cells. When applied to EphA2-expressing tumor cell lines, the ATOP EphA2 aptamer attenuated tumor cell migration and clonogenicity. In a mouse model of spontaneous metastasis, the ATOP EphA2 aptamer slowed primary tumor growth and significantly reduced the number of lung metastases. The EphA2 ATOP aptamer represents a promising candidate for the development of next-generation targeted therapies that provide safer and more effective treatment of EphA2-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Santana-Viera
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Justin P. Dassie
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, IA 52242, USA
| | - Marta Rosàs-Lapeña
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Garcia-Monclús
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Chicón-Bosch
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Pérez-Capó
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia del Pozo
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Sanchez-Serra
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Almacellas-Rabaiget
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Maqueda-Marcos
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser López-Alemany
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - William H. Thiel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, IA 52242, USA
| | - Paloma H. Giangrande
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, IA 52242, USA
| | - Oscar M. Tirado
- Sarcoma Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Oncobell, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERONC, Carlos III Institute of Health (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Kolovskaya OS, Zyuzyukina AV, Dassie JP, Zamay GS, Zamay TN, Boyakova NV, Khorzhevskii VA, Kirichenko DA, Lapin IN, Shchugoreva IA, Artyushenko PV, Tomilin FN, Veprintsev DV, Glazyrin YE, Minic Z, Bozhenko VK, Kudinova EA, Kiseleva YY, Krat AV, Slepov EV, Bukatin AS, Zukov RA, Shesternya PA, Berezovski MV, Giangrande PH, Kichkailo AS. Monitoring of breast cancer progression via aptamer-based detection of circulating tumor cells in clinical blood samples. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1184285. [PMID: 37363395 PMCID: PMC10285395 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1184285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) diagnostics lack noninvasive methods and procedures for screening and monitoring disease dynamics. Admitted CellSearch® is used for fluid biopsy and capture of circulating tumor cells of only epithelial origin. Here we describe an RNA aptamer (MDA231) for detecting BC cells in clinical samples, including blood. The MDA231 aptamer was originally selected against triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 using cell-SELEX. Methods: The aptamer structure in solution was predicted using mFold program and molecular dynamic simulations. The affinity and specificity of the evolved aptamers were evaluated by flow cytometry and laser scanning microscopy on clinical tissues from breast cancer patients. CTCs were isolated form the patients' blood using the developed method of aptamer-based magnetic separation. Breast cancer origin of CTCs was confirmed by cytological, RT-qPCR and Immunocytochemical analyses. Results: MDA231 can specifically recognize breast cancer cells in surgically resected tissues from patients with different molecular subtypes: triple-negative, Luminal A, and Luminal B, but not in benign tumors, lung cancer, glial tumor and healthy epithelial from lungs and breast. This RNA aptamer can identify cancer cells in complex cellular environments, including tumor biopsies (e.g., tumor tissues vs. margins) and clinical blood samples (e.g., circulating tumor cells). Breast cancer origin of the aptamer-based magnetically separated CTCs has been proved by immunocytochemistry and mammaglobin mRNA expression. Discussion: We suggest a simple, minimally-invasive breast cancer diagnostic method based on non-epithelial MDA231 aptamer-specific magnetic isolation of circulating tumor cells. Isolated cells are intact and can be utilized for molecular diagnostics purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga S. Kolovskaya
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alena V. Zyuzyukina
- Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Cancer Center Named After A.I. Kryzhanovsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Justin P. Dassie
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States
| | - Galina S. Zamay
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana N. Zamay
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Nina V. Boyakova
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Cancer Center Named After A.I. Kryzhanovsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Department of General Surgery, Named After Prof. M.I. Gulman, Faculty of Medicine, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Khorzhevskii
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Pathology-Anatomic Bureau, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Daria A. Kirichenko
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ivan N. Lapin
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, Siberian Physical Technical Institute, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Irina A. Shchugoreva
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Polina V. Artyushenko
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Felix N. Tomilin
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Physics of Magnetic Phenomena, Kirensky Institute of Physics, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Veprintsev
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yury E. Glazyrin
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Zoran Minic
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Alexey V. Krat
- Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Cancer Center Named After A.I. Kryzhanovsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Eugene V. Slepov
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Cancer Center Named After A.I. Kryzhanovsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Anton S. Bukatin
- Alferov Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education and Science, Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ruslan A. Zukov
- Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Cancer Center Named After A.I. Kryzhanovsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Pavel A. Shesternya
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Maxim V. Berezovski
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Paloma H. Giangrande
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, United States
- Platform Discovery Sciences, Biology, Wave Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Anna S. Kichkailo
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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3
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Urak KT, Blanco GN, Shubham S, Lin LH, Dassie JP, Thiel WH, Chen Y, Sonkar VK, Lei B, Murthy S, Gutierrez WR, Wilson ME, Stiber JA, Klesney-Tait J, Dayal S, Miller FJ, Giangrande PH. RNA inhibitors of nuclear proteins responsible for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Nat Commun 2019; 10:116. [PMID: 30631065 PMCID: PMC6328615 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) following infection or tissue injury is associated with increased patient morbidity and mortality. Extensive cellular injury results in the release of nuclear proteins, of which histones are the most abundant, into the circulation. Circulating histones are implicated as essential mediators of MODS. Available anti-histone therapies have failed in clinical trials due to off-target effects such as bleeding and toxicity. Here, we describe a therapeutic strategy for MODS based on the neutralization of histones by chemically stabilized nucleic acid bio-drugs (aptamers). Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technology identified aptamers that selectively bind those histones responsible for MODS and do not bind to serum proteins. We demonstrate the efficacy of histone-specific aptamers in human cells and in a murine model of MODS. These aptamers could have a significant therapeutic benefit in the treatment of multiple diverse clinical conditions associated with MODS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Urak
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Molecular & Cellular Biology Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Giselle N Blanco
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | | | - Li-Hsien Lin
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Justin P Dassie
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - William H Thiel
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Yani Chen
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | | | - Beilei Lei
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Shubha Murthy
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Wade R Gutierrez
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Mary E Wilson
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52241, USA
| | | | | | - Sanjana Dayal
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Francis J Miller
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA. .,Pharmacology and Cancer Biology Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA. .,Deptartment of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
| | - Paloma H Giangrande
- Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Molecular & Cellular Biology Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Environmental Health Sciences Research Center (EHSRC), University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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4
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Dickey DD, Kruspe S, Urak KT, Thiel WH, Clark KC, Burghardt E, Dassie JP, Thomas A, McNamara JO, Giangrande PH. 263. Nuclease-Activated Oligonucleotide Probes for the Rapid and Robust Detection of Breast Cancer Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs). Mol Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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5
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Abstract
RNA aptamers are single-stranded RNA oligos that represent a powerful emerging technology with potential for treating numerous diseases. More recently, cell-targeted RNA aptamers have been developed for delivering RNA interference (RNAi) modulators (siRNAs and miRNAs) to specific diseased cells (e.g., cancer cells or HIV infected cells) in vitro and in vivo. However, despite initial promising reports, the broad application of this aptamer delivery technology awaits the development of methods that can verify and confirm delivery of aptamers to the cytoplasm of target cells where the RNAi machinery resides. We recently developed a functional assay (RIP assay) to confirm cellular uptake and subsequent cytoplasmic release of an RNA aptamer which binds to a cell surface receptor expressed on prostate cancer cells (PSMA). To assess cytoplasmic delivery, the aptamer was chemically conjugated to saporin, a ribosome inactivating protein toxin that is toxic to cells only when delivered to the cytoplasm (where it inhibits the ribosome) by a cell-targeting ligand (e.g., aptamer). Here, we describe the chemistry used to conjugate the aptamer to saporin and discuss a gel-based method to verify conjugation efficiency. We also detail an in vitro functional assay to confirm that the aptamer retains function following conjugation to saporin and describe a cellular assay to measure aptamer-mediated saporin-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David D Dickey
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, 375 Newton Rd, 5202 MERF, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Gregory S Thomas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, 375 Newton Rd, 5202 MERF, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Justin P Dassie
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, 375 Newton Rd, 5202 MERF, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Paloma H Giangrande
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, 375 Newton Rd, 5202 MERF, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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6
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Thiel WH, Esposito CL, Dickey DD, Dassie JP, Long ME, Adam J, Streeter J, Schickling B, Takapoo M, Flenker KS, Klesney-Tait J, de Franciscis V, Miller FJ, Giangrande PH. 61. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell RNA Aptamers for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Mol Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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7
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Thiel KW, Hernandez LI, Dassie JP, Thiel WH, Liu X, Stockdale KR, Rothman AM, Hernandez FJ, McNamara JO, Giangrande PH. Delivery of chemo-sensitizing siRNAs to HER2+-breast cancer cells using RNA aptamers. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:6319-37. [PMID: 22467215 PMCID: PMC3401474 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in breast cancer is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis, making it an appealing therapeutic target. Trastuzumab, an HER2 antibody-based inhibitor, is currently the leading targeted treatment for HER2(+)-breast cancers. Unfortunately, many patients inevitably develop resistance to the therapy, highlighting the need for alternative targeted therapeutic options. In this study, we used a novel, cell-based selection approach for isolating 'cell-type specific', 'cell-internalizing RNA ligands (aptamers)' capable of delivering therapeutic small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to HER2-expressing breast cancer cells. RNA aptamers with the greatest specificity and internalization potential were covalently linked to siRNAs targeting the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-2. We demonstrate that, when applied to cells, the HER2 aptamer-Bcl-2 siRNA conjugates selectively internalize into HER2(+)-cells and silence Bcl-2 gene expression. Importantly, Bcl-2 silencing sensitizes these cells to chemotherapy (cisplatin) suggesting a potential new therapeutic approach for treating breast cancers with HER2(+)-status. In summary, we describe a novel cell-based selection methodology that enables the identification of cell-internalizing RNA aptamers for targeting therapeutic siRNAs to HER2-expressing breast cancer cells. The future refinement of this technology may promote the widespread use of RNA-based reagents for targeted therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina W Thiel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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8
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Thiel WH, Bair T, Wyatt Thiel K, Dassie JP, Rockey WM, Howell CA, Liu XY, Dupuy AJ, Huang L, Owczarzy R, Behlke MA, McNamara JO, Giangrande PH. Nucleotide bias observed with a short SELEX RNA aptamer library. Nucleic Acid Ther 2011; 21:253-63. [PMID: 21793789 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2011.0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) is a powerful in vitro selection process used for over 2 decades to identify oligonucleotide sequences (aptamers) with desired properties (usually high affinity for a protein target) from randomized nucleic acid libraries. In the case of RNA aptamers, several highly complex RNA libraries have been described with RNA sequences ranging from 71 to 81 nucleotides (nt) in length. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing combined with bioinformatics analysis to thoroughly examine the nucleotide composition of the sequence pools derived from several selections that employed an RNA library (Sel2N20) with an abbreviated variable region. The Sel2N20 yields RNAs 51 nt in length, which unlike longer RNAs, are more amenable to large-scale chemical synthesis for therapeutic development. Our analysis revealed a consistent and early bias against inclusion of adenine, resulting in aptamers with lower predicted minimum free energies (ΔG) (higher structural stability). This bias was also observed in control, "nontargeted" selections in which the partition step (against the target) was omitted, suggesting that the bias occurred in 1 or more of the amplification and propagation steps of the SELEX process.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Thiel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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9
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Dassie JP, Liu XY, Thomas GS, Whitaker RM, Thiel KW, Stockdale KR, Meyerholz DK, McCaffrey AP, McNamara JO, Giangrande PH. Systemic administration of optimized aptamer-siRNA chimeras promotes regression of PSMA-expressing tumors. Nat Biotechnol 2009; 27:839-49. [PMID: 19701187 PMCID: PMC2791695 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.1560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer cells expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have been targeted with RNA aptamer-small interfering (si)RNA chimeras, but therapeutic efficacy in vivo was demonstrated only with intratumoral injection. Clinical translation of this approach will require chimeras that are effective when administered systemically and are amenable to chemical synthesis. To these ends, we enhanced the silencing activity and specificity of aptamer-siRNA chimeras by incorporating modifications that enable more efficient processing of the siRNA by the cellular machinery. These included adding 2-nucleotide 3'-overhangs and optimizing the thermodynamic profile and structure of the duplex to favor processing of the siRNA guide strand. We also truncated the aptamer portion of the chimeras to facilitate large-scale chemical synthesis. The optimized chimeras resulted in pronounced regression of PSMA-expressing tumors in athymic mice after systemic administration. Anti-tumor activity was further enhanced by appending a polyethylene glycol moiety, which increased the chimeras' circulating half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin P Dassie
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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10
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Maeder ML, Thibodeau-Beganny S, Osiak A, Wright DA, Anthony RM, Eichtinger M, Jiang T, Foley JE, Winfrey RJ, Townsend JA, Unger-Wallace E, Sander JD, Müller-Lerch F, Fu F, Pearlberg J, Göbel C, Dassie JP, Pruett-Miller SM, Porteus MH, Sgroi DC, Iafrate AJ, Dobbs D, McCray PB, Cathomen T, Voytas DF, Joung JK. Rapid "open-source" engineering of customized zinc-finger nucleases for highly efficient gene modification. Mol Cell 2008; 31:294-301. [PMID: 18657511 PMCID: PMC2535758 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2008] [Revised: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Custom-made zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) can induce targeted genome modifications with high efficiency in cell types including Drosophila, C. elegans, plants, and humans. A bottleneck in the application of ZFN technology has been the generation of highly specific engineered zinc-finger arrays. Here we describe OPEN (Oligomerized Pool ENgineering), a rapid, publicly available strategy for constructing multifinger arrays, which we show is more effective than the previously published modular assembly method. We used OPEN to construct 37 highly active ZFN pairs which induced targeted alterations with high efficiencies (1%-50%) at 11 different target sites located within three endogenous human genes (VEGF-A, HoxB13, and CFTR), an endogenous plant gene (tobacco SuRA), and a chromosomally integrated EGFP reporter gene. In summary, OPEN provides an "open-source" method for rapidly engineering highly active zinc-finger arrays, thereby enabling broader practice, development, and application of ZFN technology for biological research and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Maeder
- Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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