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Korchynskyi O, Yoshida K, Korchynska N, Czarnik-Kwaśniak J, Tak PP, Pruijn GJM, Isozaki T, Ruth JH, Campbell PL, Amin MA, Koch AE. Mammalian Glycosylation Patterns Protect Citrullinated Chemokine MCP-1/CCL2 from Partial Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031862. [PMID: 36768186 PMCID: PMC9915159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) is a potent chemotactic agent for monocytes, primarily produced by macrophages and endothelial cells. Significantly elevated levels of MCP-1/CCL2 were found in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), compared to osteoarthritis or other arthritis patients. Several studies suggested an important role for MCP-1 in the massive inflammation at the damaged joint, in part due to its chemotactic and angiogenic effects. It is a known fact that the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins have a significant impact on their properties. In mammals, arginine residues within proteins can be converted into citrulline by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), recognizing these PTMs, have become a hallmark for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune diseases and are important in diagnostics and prognosis. In previous studies, we found that citrullination converts the neutrophil attracting chemokine neutrophil-activating peptide 78 (ENA-78) into a potent macrophage chemoattractant. Here we report that both commercially available and recombinant bacterially produced MCP-1/CCL2 are rapidly (partially) degraded upon in vitro citrullination. However, properly glycosylated MCP-1/CCL2 produced by mammalian cells is protected against degradation during efficient citrullination. Site-directed mutagenesis of the potential glycosylation site at the asparagine-14 residue within human MCP-1 revealed lower expression levels in mammalian expression systems. The glycosylation-mediated recombinant chemokine stabilization allows the production of citrullinated MCP-1/CCL2, which can be effectively used to calibrate crucial assays, such as modified ELISAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olexandr Korchynskyi
- Department of Human Immunology and Centre for Innovative Biomedical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01054 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Department of Public Development and Health, S. Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
- Correspondence:
| | - Ken Yoshida
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, the Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Nataliia Korchynska
- Department of Public Development and Health, S. Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Justyna Czarnik-Kwaśniak
- Department of Human Immunology and Centre for Innovative Biomedical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Paul P. Tak
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
- Candel Therapeutics, Needham, MA 02494, USA
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Takeo Isozaki
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey H. Ruth
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Phillip L. Campbell
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - M. Asif Amin
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alisa E. Koch
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Czarnik-Kwaśniak J, Kwaśniak K, Tutaj K, Filiks I, Uram Ł, Stompor M, Wołowiec S. Glucoheptoamidated polyamidoamine PAMAM G3 dendrimer as a vehicle for succinate linked doxorubicin; enhanced toxicity of DOX against grade IV glioblastoma U-118 MG cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Czarnik-Kwaśniak J, Kwaśniak K, Kwasek P, Świerzowska E, Strojewska A, Tabarkiewicz J. The Influence of Lycopene, [6]-Gingerol, and Silymarin on the Apoptosis on U-118MG Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro Model. Nutrients 2019; 12:E96. [PMID: 31905849 PMCID: PMC7019537 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lycopene, gingerol, and silymarin have a potential anticancer activity in many types of neoplasms. Healthy lifestyle and proper diet are associated with a reduced risk of cancer and other diseases. Increasingly, clinical research focuses on the mechanisms of action of natural compounds and their impact on the development of cancer. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of lycopene, gingerol, and silymarin on apoptosis, mitochondrial potential and caspase-3/7 activity in the U118-MG cell line. METHODS Human glioblastoma cells were incubated with lycopene, [6]-gingerol, and silymarin for 24 and 48 h. Apoptosis was monitored using the Annexin V labelling, caspase-3/7 activity, and early hallmark of apoptosis were determined with mitochondrial membrane potential changes. RESULTS Our data showed a significant decrease in the viability glioblastoma cells U118-MG after 48 h treatment with lycopene, [6]-gingerol, and silymarin. CONCLUSIONS Our data could confirm the stimulative effects of used compounds on apoptosis and changes in mitochondrial potential in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Czarnik-Kwaśniak
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical Faculty of University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Department of Human Immunology, Medical Faculty of University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (P.K.); (E.Ś.); (A.S.)
| | - Konrad Kwaśniak
- Department of Human Immunology, Medical Faculty of University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (P.K.); (E.Ś.); (A.S.)
| | - Paulina Kwasek
- Department of Human Immunology, Medical Faculty of University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (P.K.); (E.Ś.); (A.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Świerzowska
- Department of Human Immunology, Medical Faculty of University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (P.K.); (E.Ś.); (A.S.)
| | - Agata Strojewska
- Department of Human Immunology, Medical Faculty of University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (P.K.); (E.Ś.); (A.S.)
| | - Jacek Tabarkiewicz
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical Faculty of University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Department of Human Immunology, Medical Faculty of University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (P.K.); (E.Ś.); (A.S.)
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