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Neeb A, Figueiredo I, Bogdan D, Cato L, Stober J, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Gourain V, Lee II, Seeger R, Muhle-Goll C, Gurel B, Welti J, Nava Rodrigues D, Rekowski J, Qiu X, Jiang Y, Di Micco P, Mateos B, Bielskutė S, Riisnaes R, Ferreira A, Miranda S, Crespo M, Buroni L, Ning J, Carreira S, Bräse S, Jung N, Gräßle S, Swain A, Salvatella X, Plymate SR, Al-Lazikani B, Long HW, Yuan W, Brown M, Cato ACB, de Bono JS, Sharp A. Thio-2 inhibits key signaling pathways required for the development and progression of castration resistant prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2024:734951. [PMID: 38412481 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Therapies that abrogate persistent androgen receptor (AR) signaling in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remain an unmet clinical need. The N-terminal domain (NTD) of the AR that drives transcriptional activity in CRPC remains a challenging therapeutic target. Herein we demonstrate that BAG-1 mRNA is highly expressed and associates with signaling pathways, including AR signaling, that are implicated in the development and progression of CRPC. In addition, interrogation of geometric and physiochemical properties of the BAG domain of BAG-1 isoforms identifies it to be a tractable but challenging drug target. Furthermore, through BAG-1 isoform mouse knockout studies we confirm that BAG-1 isoforms regulate hormone physiology and that therapies targeting the BAG domain will be associated with limited 'on-target' toxicity. Importantly, the postulated inhibitor of BAG-1 isoforms, Thio-2, suppressed AR signaling and other important pathways implicated in the development and progression of CRPC to reduce the growth of treatment resistant prostate cancer cell lines and patient derived models. However, the mechanism by which Thio-2 elicits the observed phenotype needs further elucidation since the genomic abrogation of BAG-1 isoforms was unable to recapitulate the Thio-2 mediated phenotype. Overall, these data support the interrogation of related compounds with improved drug-like properties as a novel therapeutic approach in CRPC, and further highlight the clinical potential of treatments that block persistent AR signaling which are currently undergoing clinical evaluation in CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Neeb
- Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Ines Figueiredo
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Denisa Bogdan
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Cato
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Irene I Lee
- AbbVie (United States), North Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | | | - Bora Gurel
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Jan Rekowski
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xintao Qiu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yija Jiang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, United States
| | | | - Borja Mateos
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ruth Riisnaes
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Ferreira
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Susana Miranda
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Mateus Crespo
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jian Ning
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stefan Bräse
- KIT Campus South, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nicole Jung
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Simone Gräßle
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Amanda Swain
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Henry W Long
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Myles Brown
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrew C B Cato
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | | | - Adam Sharp
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
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2
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Hansen S, Nielsen S, Stober J, Rasmussen J, Salewski M, Willensdorfer M, Hoelzl M, Stejner M. Parametric Decay Instabilities during Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating of Fusion Plasmas, Problems and Possibilities. EPJ Web Conf 2023. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202327701002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We review parametric decay instabilities (PDIs) expected in connection with electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) of magnetically confined fusion plasmas, with a specific focus on conditions relevant for the ITER tokamak. PDIs involving upper hybrid (UH) waves are likely to occur in O-mode ECRH scenarios at ITER if electron density profiles allowing trapping of UH waves near the ECRH frequency are present. Such PDIs may occur near the plasma center in ITER full-field scenarios heated by 170 GHz O-mode ECRH and on the high-field side of half-field ITER plasmas heated by 110 GHz or 104 GHz O-mode ECRH. Additionally, 110 GHz O-mode ECRH of half-field ITER scenarios may have low ECRH absorption, due to the electron cyclotron resonance being located on the high-field side of the main plasma. This potentially allows PDIs driven by a significant amount of ECRH radiation reaching the UH resonance in X-mode to occur, as X-mode radiation can be generated by reflection of unabsorbed O-mode radiation from the high-field side wall. The occurrence of PDIs during ECRH may damage microwave diagnostics, such as the electron cyclotron emission and low-field side reflectometer systems at ITER, as well as complicate the calculation of heating and current drive characteristics. However, if PDIs are induced in a controlled manner, they may provide novel diagnostic tools and allow the generation of a moderate fast ion population in plasmas heated only by ECRH.
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3
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Ricci D, Stober J, Dux R, Figini L, Wauters T, Lerche E, Granucci G. Development of ECRH-based methods for assisted discharge burn-through: Experiment and simulation. EPJ Web Conf 2023. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202327702001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Electron Cyclotron (EC) waves will be routinely used in future reactors not only for plasma heating and/or non-inductive current drive during the flat top but also to assist the plasma start-up phase in large tokamaks with superconductive coils. In ITER, for example, EC start-up is foreseen since first plasma operation. To limit the level of stray radiation, ECRH can be used after ohmic breakdown, as a robust solution to successfully sustain the plasma burn-through in the presence of pre-filling gas and impurity influx from the wall.
On ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), a series of dedicated experiments have been performed using EC heating (X2) with a controlled Ne impurity injection in the prefill phase, to mimic non-favourable burn-through conditions such as would be expected in a discharge following a disruption event. The time for EC heating onset has been optimised to assist the early burn-through and a scan of the Ne concentration has been performed to find the threshold for successful burn-through conditions for two ECH power levels (0.7 and 1.4 MW). The toroidal magnetic field flexibility has been also documented, with the cold resonance position being shifted up to 13% in major radius to match the ITER condition. These experiments showed that optimised settings of ECH power (onset and duration of the pulse) have a key role in making feasible the early Ne burn-through (with Ne concentration up to 14% and EC power of 1.4 MW). Successful pulses will be extended to study stationarity and clean up properties.
For an efficient and robust use of such a technique, it is essential to develop appropriate models capable of describing present experiments and of extrapolating (or predicting) to future scenarios. In this work, the predictive 0D model for the burn-though phase BKD0 [1] has been used to reproduce experimental results and estimate the power required for a successful burn-through as a function of the impurity concentration, finding that ECH power of 1.4 MW is required to sustain burn-through with more than 20% of Ne. The scalability of the model has been also tested on TCV [2] and its implication for ITER will be discussed.
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Herrmann A, Rohde V, Schall G, Balden M, Bösser D, Hegele K, Hunger K, Stober J, Vierle T, Vorbrugg S. A hot steam leak during baking of ASDEX Upgrade – Consequences and lessons learned. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hansen S, Nielsen S, Stober J, Rasmussen J, Stejner M. Observation and Modelling of the Onset of Parametric Decay Instabilities during Gyrotron Operation at ASDEX Upgrade. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201920302007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate parametric decay instabilities (PDIs) occurring for gyrotron radiation near the upper hybrid resonance at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak. The PDIs are observed through anomalous millimeter-wave scattering which is recorded using the high-resolution, fast acquisition collective Thomson scattering system installed at ASDEX Upgrade, and an experiment in which such observations are made during a scan of the toroidal magnetic field is performed. A previously published theoretical model is used to calculate the gyrotron power necessary to excite PDIs in the experiment; the theoretical model is capable of predicting whether or not PDIs will be observed at a given toroidal magnetic field with a high degree of accuracy.
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6
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Wagner D, Leuterer F, Kasparek W, Lechte C, Stober J. Prediction of ohmic losses in miter bend polarizers. EPJ Web Conf 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201818701023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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7
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Plaum B, Schubert M, Zeitler A, Kasparek W, Lechte C, Stober J. Synthesis of reflection gratings for advanced plasma heating scenarios. EPJ Web Conf 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201818701015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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8
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Rapson CJ, Felici F, Galperti C, Lang P, Lennholm M, Maljaars E, Maraschek M, Plockl B, Reich M, Sauter O, Stober J, Treutterer W. Experiments on actuator management and integrated control at ASDEX Upgrade. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wagner D, Stober J, Kircher M, Leuterer F, Monaco F, Münich M, Schubert M, Zohm H, Gantenbein G, Jelonnek J, Thumm M, Meier A, Scherer T, Strauss D, Kasparek W, Lechte C, Plaum B, Zach A, Litvak A, Denisov G, Chirkov A, Malygin V, Popov L, Nichiporenko V, Myasnikov V, Tai E, Solyanova E, Malygin S. Extension of the multi-frequency ECRH system at ASDEX upgrade. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201714903004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Leuterer F, MÜnich M, Brandl F, Brinkschulte H, GrÜnwald G, Manini A, Monaco F, Ryter F, SchÜtz H, Stober J, Wagner D, Kasparek W, Gantenbein G, Empacher L, Lechte C, Kumric H, SchÜller P, Litvak A, Chirkov A, Denisov G, Fix A, Illin V, Malygin S, Miasnikov V, Nichiporenko V, Popov L, Tai E, Zapevalov V. Operation Experience with the ASDEX Upgrade ECRH System. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst09-a4051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Leuterer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. MÜnich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F. Brandl
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - H. Brinkschulte
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G. GrÜnwald
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A. Manini
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F. Monaco
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F. Ryter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - H. SchÜtz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. Stober
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D. Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association Euratom-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W. Kasparek
- Institut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - G. Gantenbein
- Institut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - L. Empacher
- Institut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C. Lechte
- Institut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - H. Kumric
- Institut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - P. SchÜller
- Institut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A. Litvak
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - A. Chirkov
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - G. Denisov
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - A. Fix
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - V. Illin
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - S. Malygin
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - V. Miasnikov
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - V. Nichiporenko
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - L. Popov
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - E. Tai
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - V. Zapevalov
- Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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11
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Hicks NK, Suttrop W, Behler K, García-Muñoz M, Giannone L, Maraschek M, Raupp G, Reich M, Sips ACC, Stober J, Treutterer W, Volpe F, Cirant S, D’Antona G. Fast Sampling Upgrade and Real-Time NTM Control Application of the ECE Radiometer on ASDEX Upgrade. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst57-1-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. K. Hicks
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W. Suttrop
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - K. Behler
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. García-Muñoz
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L. Giannone
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Maraschek
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G. Raupp
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Reich
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A. C. C. Sips
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. Stober
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W. Treutterer
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F. Volpe
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S. Cirant
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma Associazione EURATOM-ENEA-CNR, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - G. D’Antona
- Politecnico di Milano, Dip. di Elettrotecnica P.za L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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12
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Reich M, Behler K, Drube R, Giannone L, Kallenbach A, Mlynek A, Stober J, Treutterer W. Real-Time Diagnostics and Their Applications at ASDEX Upgrade. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a10921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Reich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - K. Behler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R. Drube
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L. Giannone
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A. Kallenbach
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A. Mlynek
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. Stober
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W. Treutterer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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13
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Bongers WA, Goede APH, Westerhof E, Oosterbeek JW, Doelman NJ, SchÜller FC, de Baar MR, Kasparek W, Wubie W, Wagner D, Stober J. Magnetic Island Localization for NTM Control by ECE Viewed Along the Same Optical Path of the ECCD Beam. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst09-a4071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. A. Bongers
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - A. P. H. Goede
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - E. Westerhof
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - J. W. Oosterbeek
- bInstitut für Energieforschung—Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Association EURATOM-FZJ, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - N. J. Doelman
- cTNO-Institute, Stieltjesweg 1, PO Box 155, 2600 AD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - F. C. SchÜller
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M. R. de Baar
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - W. Kasparek
- dInstitut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - W. Wubie
- dInstitut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - D. Wagner
- eMax Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association EURATOM-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. Stober
- eMax Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association EURATOM-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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14
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Fischer R, Bock A, Dunne M, Fuchs JC, Giannone L, Lackner K, McCarthy PJ, Poli E, Preuss R, Rampp M, Schubert M, Stober J, Suttrop W, Tardini G, Weiland M. Coupling of the Flux Diffusion Equation with the Equilibrium Reconstruction at ASDEX Upgrade. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst15-185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Fischer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A. Bock
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Dunne
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. C. Fuchs
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L. Giannone
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - K. Lackner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P. J. McCarthy
- University College Cork, Department of Physics, Cork, Ireland
| | - E. Poli
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R. Preuss
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Rampp
- Max Planck Computing and Data Facility, Giessenbachstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Schubert
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. Stober
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W. Suttrop
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G. Tardini
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Weiland
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Hansen S, Nielsen S, Salewski M, Stejner M, Stober J. Parametric decay instability near the upper hybrid resonance and anomalous mm-wave scattering in tokamak and stellarator plasmas. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201714903020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Reich M, Bilato R, Mszanowski U, Poli E, Rapson C, Stober J, Volpe F, Zille R. Real-time beam tracing for control of the deposition location of electron cyclotron waves. Fusion Engineering and Design 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kasparek W, Plaum B, Lechte C, Wu Z, Wang H, Maraschek M, Stober J, Wagner D, Reich M, Schubert M, Grünwald G, Monaco F, Müller S, Schütz H, Erckmann V, Doelman N, van den Braber R, Klop W, van den Brand H, Bongers W, Krijger B, Petelin M, Koposova E, Lubyako L, Bruschi A, Sakamoto K. Development of Resonant Diplexers for high-power ECRH – Status, Applications, Plans. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158704010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Stober J, Barrera L, Behler K, Bock A, Buhler A, Eixenberger H, Giannone L, Kasparek W, Maraschek M, Mlynek A, Monaco F, Poli E, Rapson C, Reich M, Schubert M, Treutterer W, Wagner D, Zohm H. Feedback-controlled NTM stabilization on ASDEX Upgrade. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158702017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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20
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Stober J, Sommer F, Angioni C, Bock A, Fable E, Leuterer F, Monaco F, Müller F, Münich S, Petzold B, Poli E, Schubert M, Schütz H, Wagner D, Zohm H, Kasparek W, Plaum B, Meier A, Scherer T, Strauß D, Jelonnek J, Thumm M, Litvak A, Denisov G, Chirkov A, Tai E, Popov L, Nichiporenko V, Myasnikov V, Soluyanova E, Malygin V. High power ECRH and ECCD in moderately collisional ASDEX Upgrade Hmodes and status of EC system upgrade. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158702004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Wagner D, Bongers W, Kasparek W, Leuterer F, Monaco F, Münich M, Schütz H, Stober J, Thumm M, Brand HV. A Multifrequency Notch Filter for Millimeter Wave Plasma Diagnostics based on Photonic Bandgaps in Corrugated Circular Waveguides. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158704012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Stejner M, Nielsen S, Jacobsen AS, Korsholm SB, Leipold F, Meo F, Michelsen PK, Moseev D, Rasmussen J, Salewski M, Schubert M, Stober J, Wagner DH. Resolving the bulk ion region of millimeter-wave collective Thomson scattering spectra at ASDEX Upgrade. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:093504. [PMID: 25273723 DOI: 10.1063/1.4894199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Collective Thomson scattering (CTS) measurements provide information about the composition and velocity distribution of confined ion populations in fusion plasmas. The bulk ion part of the CTS spectrum is dominated by scattering off fluctuations driven by the motion of thermalized ion populations. It thus contains information about the ion temperature, rotation velocity, and plasma composition. To resolve the bulk ion region and access this information, we installed a fast acquisition system capable of sampling rates up to 12.5 GS/s in the CTS system at ASDEX Upgrade. CTS spectra with frequency resolution in the range of 1 MHz are then obtained through direct digitization and Fourier analysis of the CTS signal. We here describe the design, calibration, and operation of the fast receiver system and give examples of measured bulk ion CTS spectra showing the effects of changing ion temperature, rotation velocity, and plasma composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stejner
- Department of Physics, Association EURATOM-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - S Nielsen
- Department of Physics, Association EURATOM-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - A S Jacobsen
- Department of Physics, Association EURATOM-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - S B Korsholm
- Department of Physics, Association EURATOM-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - F Leipold
- Department of Physics, Association EURATOM-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - F Meo
- Department of Physics, Association EURATOM-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - P K Michelsen
- Department of Physics, Association EURATOM-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - D Moseev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM-Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Rasmussen
- Department of Physics, Association EURATOM-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - M Salewski
- Department of Physics, Association EURATOM-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - M Schubert
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM-Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Stober
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM-Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D H Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM-Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Kim K, Na YS, Kim HS, Maraschek M, Park Y, Stober J, Terzolo L, Zohm H. Time-dependent simulations of feedback stabilization of neoclassical tearing modes in KSTAR plasmas. Fusion Engineering and Design 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Giannone L, Reich M, Maraschek M, Poli E, Rapson C, Barrera L, McDermott R, Mlynek A, Ruan Q, Treutterer W, Wenzel L, Bock A, Conway G, Fischer R, Fuchs J, Lackner K, McCarthy P, Preuss R, Rampp M, Schuhbeck K, Stober J, Zohm H. A data acquisition system for real-time magnetic equilibrium reconstruction on ASDEX Upgrade and its application to NTM stabilization experiments. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Doelman N, van den Braber R, Kasparek W, Erckmann V, Bongers W, Krijger B, Stober J, Fritz E, Dekker B, Klop W, Hollmann F, Michel G, Noke F, Purps F, de Baar M, Maraschek M, Monaco F, Müller S, Schütz H, Wagner D. Controlled Mirror Motion System for Resonant Diplexers in ECRH Applications. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20123204005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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26
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Schubert M, Honecker F, Monaco F, Schmid-Lorch D, Schütz H, Stober J, Wagner D. Monitoring millimeter wave stray radiation during ECRH operation at ASDEX Upgrade. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20123202013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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27
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Stober J, Bock A, Höhnle H, Reich M, Sommer F, Treutterer W, Wagner D, Gianone L, Herrmann A, Leuterer F, Monaco F, Marascheck M, Mlynek A, Müller S, Münich M, Poli E, Schubert M, Schütz H, Zohm H, Kasparek W, Stroth U, Meier A, Scherer T, Strauβ D, Vaccaro A, Flamm J, Thumm M, Litvak A, Denisov G, Chirkov A, Tai E, Popov L, Nichiporenko V, Myasnikov V, Soluyanova E, Malygin S. ECRH on ASDEX Upgrade - System Status, Feed-Back Control, Plasma Physics Results -. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20123202011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Kasparek W, Plaum B, Lechte C, Filipovic E, Erckmann V, Grünwald G, Hollmann F, Maraschek M, Michel G, Monaco F, Müller S, Noke F, Purps F, Schubert M, Schütz H, Stober J, Wagner D, van den Braber R, Doelman N, Fritz E, Bongers W, Krijger B, Petelin M, Lubyako L, Bruschi A, Sakamoto K. Status of Resonant Diplexer Development for high-power ECRH Applications. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20123204008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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29
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Pinna T, Cadwallader L, Cambi G, Ciattaglia S, Knipe S, Leuterer F, Malizia A, Petersen P, Porfiri M, Sagot F, Scales S, Stober J, Vallet J, Yamanishi T. Operating experiences from existing fusion facilities in view of ITER safety and reliability. Fusion Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Meo F, Stejner M, Salewski M, Bindslev H, Eich T, Furtula V, Korsholm SB, Leuterer F, Leipold F, Michelsen PK, Moseev D, Nielsen SK, Reiter B, Stober J, Wagner D, Woskov P, team TAU. First results and analysis of collective Thomson scattering (CTS) fast ion distribution measurements on ASDEX Upgrade. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/227/1/012010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Giannone L, Schneider W, McCarthy P, Sips A, Treutterer W, Behler K, Eich T, Fuchs J, Hicks N, Kallenbach A, Maraschek M, Mlynek A, Neu G, Pautasso G, Raupp G, Reich M, Schuhbeck K, Stober J, Volpe F, Zehetbauer T, Cerna M, Debelle T, Marker B, McCaslin S, Munroe M, Wenzel L. Real time magnetic field and flux measurements for tokamak control using a multi-core PCI Express system. Fusion Engineering and Design 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Meo F, Bindslev H, Korsholm SB, Furtula V, Leuterer F, Leipold F, Michelsen PK, Nielsen SK, Salewski M, Stober J, Wagner D, Woskov P. Commissioning activities and first results from the collective Thomson scattering diagnostic on ASDEX Upgrade (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:10E501. [PMID: 19044487 DOI: 10.1063/1.2989140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The collective Thomson scattering (CTS) diagnostic installed on ASDEX Upgrade uses millimeter waves generated by the newly installed 1 MW dual frequency gyrotron as probing radiation at 105 GHz. It measures backscattered radiation with a heterodyne receiver having 50 channels (between 100 and 110 GHz) to resolve the one-dimensional velocity distribution of the confined fast ions. The steerable antennas will allow different scattering geometries to fully explore the anisotropic fast ion distributions at different spatial locations. This paper covers the capabilities and operational limits of the diagnostic. It then describes the commissioning activities carried out to date. These activities include gyrotron studies, transmission line alignment, and beam pattern measurements in the vacuum vessel. Overlap experiments in near perpendicular and near parallel have confirmed the successful alignment of the system. First results in near perpendicular of scattered spectra in a neutral beam injection (NBI) and ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) plasma (minority hydrogen) on ASDEX Upgrade have shown evidence of ICRH heating phase of hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Meo
- Association EURATOM, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Treutterer W, Behler K, Giannone L, Hicks N, Manini A, Maraschek M, Raupp G, Reich M, Sips A, Stober J, Suttrop W. Real-time diagnostics at ASDEX Upgrade—Integration with MHD feedback control. Fusion Engineering and Design 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Manini A, Berrino J, Cirant S, D’Antona G, Gandini F, Grünwald G, Leuterer F, Maraschek M, Monaco F, Neu G, Raupp G, Sormani D, Stober J, Suttrop W, Treutterer W, Wagner D, Zohm H. Development of a feedback system to control MHD instabilities in ASDEX Upgrade. Fusion Engineering and Design 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Hobirk J, Wolf RC, Gruber O, Gude A, Günter S, Kurzan B, Maraschek M, McCarthy PJ, Meister H, Peeters AG, Pereverzev GV, Stober J, Treutterer W. Reaching high poloidal beta at Greenwald density with internal transport barrier close to full noninductive current drive. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:085002. [PMID: 11497949 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.085002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak, high poloidal beta up to beta(pol) = 3 at the Greenwald density with H-mode confinement has been reached. Because of the high beta, the plasma current is driven almost fully noninductively, consisting of 51% bootstrap and 43% neutral beam driven current. To reach these conditions the discharge is operated at low plasma current ( I(P) = 400 kA) and high neutral beam heating power ( P(NBI) = 10 MW). The discharge combines an edge (H mode) and internal transport barrier at high densities without confinement-limiting MHD activities. The extrapolation to higher plasma currents may offer a promising way for an advanced scenario based fusion reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hobirk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, Boltzmannstrasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Ryter F, Leuterer F, Pereverzev G, Fahrbach HU, Stober J, Suttrop W. Experimental evidence for gradient length-driven electron transport in tokamaks. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:2325-2328. [PMID: 11289920 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Energy transport by the electrons in a tokamak is examined in steady-state and power modulation experiments using electron cyclotron heating. The results are consistent with the assumption that temperature profiles are limited by a critical gradient length, leading to "stiff" profiles. The modulation experiments show that the stiffness factor increases with temperature. They strongly suggest that turbulence driven by the electron temperature gradient may be a dominant mechanism of electron transport. Although possibly not universal, these results are valid under various plasma conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ryter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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37
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Peterziel H, Culig Z, Stober J, Hobisch A, Radmayr C, Bartsch G, Klocker H, Cato AC. Mutant androgen receptors in prostatic tumors distinguish between amino-acid-sequence requirements for transactivation and ligand binding. Int J Cancer 1995; 63:544-50. [PMID: 7591265 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910630415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mutant androgen receptors are thought to contribute to hormone resistance in prostate carcinoma. The part they play in this process, however, is ill-defined. Here we report on transactivation by 2 mutant androgen receptors from prostatic tumors with single amino-acid exchanges in their hormone-binding domains. These exchanges enhance the transactivation property of the receptors, particularly to androsterone and androstanediol, 2 metabolized derivatives of testosterone present in the prostate. Additionally, they enhance the transactivation potential of the mutant receptors to hydroxyflutamide, an anti-androgen frequently used in hormone ablation therapy. The increased transactivation by the mutant receptors did not result from altered affinity of the receptors to the inducing ligands nor from measurable changes in conformation of the liganded receptors. Thus the single amino-acid exchanges identify differences in amino-acid-sequence requirements for transactivation and ligand binding in the hormone-binding domain of the androgen receptor. These results provide new insights into ligand-dependent transactivation, and form a framework for the search for effective antagonists to be used in prostate-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Peterziel
- Research Center Karlsruhe, Institute of Genetics, Germany
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38
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Gruber O, Kallenbach A, Kaufmann M, Lackner K, Mertens V, Neuhauser J, Ryter F, Zohm H, Bessenrodt-Weberpals M, Büchl K, Fiedler S, Field A, Fuchs C, Garcia-Rosales C, Haas G, Herrmann A, Herrmann W, Hirsch S, Köppendörfer W, Lang P, Lieder G, Mast K, Pitcher CS, Schittenhelm M, Stober J, Suttrop W, Troppmann M, Weinlich M, Albrecht M, Alexander M, Asmussen K, Ballico M, Behler K, Behringer K, Bosch HS, Brambilla M, Carlson A, Coster D, Cupido L, DeBlank HJ, Deschka S, Dorn C, Drube R, Dux R, Eberhagen A, Engelhardt W, Fahrbach H, Feist H, Fieg D, Gehre O, Gernhardt J, Ignacz P, Jüttner B, Junker W, Kass T, Kiemer K, Kollotzek H, Kornherr M, Krieger K, Kurzan B, Lang R, Laux M. Observation of continuous divertor detachment in H-mode discharges in ASDEX upgrade. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 74:4217-4220. [PMID: 10058445 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.4217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Eisenhut B, Stober J, Rangelov G, Fauster T. Growth and structure of thin Au films on Ag(111). Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 49:14676-14683. [PMID: 10010555 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.14676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Rangelov G, Augustin P, Stober J, Fauster T. Initial stages of epitaxial CoSi2 formation on Si(100) surfaces. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 49:7535-7542. [PMID: 10009494 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.7535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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41
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Fauster T, Rangelov G, Stober J, Eisenhut B. Growth and structure of thin Co films on Cu(111) studied by full-solid-angle x-ray photoelectron distributions. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 48:11361-11366. [PMID: 10007449 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.11361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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42
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Eisenhut B, Stober J, Rangelov G, Fauster T. Growth and structure of Ag on Pd(111) studied by photoelectron forward scattering using a two-dimensional display-type analyzer. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 47:12980-12983. [PMID: 10005506 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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43
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Rangelov G, Stober J, Eisenhut B, Fauster T. NH3 and NO interaction with Si(100)-(2 x 1) surfaces. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:1954-1957. [PMID: 9999742 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Abstract
Several chlorinated acetones have been identified in drinking water and these, as well as a number of chlorinated acroleins, are produced by chlorination of humic acid solutions. Many of these chlorinated compounds and the brominated acrolein analog were positive in the Ames Assay in the laboratory. To determine if carcinogenic activity was associated with these chemicals the following acetone derivatives: monochloro (MCA); 1,1-dichloro (1,1-DCA), 1,3-dichloro (1,3-DCA), 1,1,1-trichloro (1,1,1-TCA), 1,1,3-trichloro (1,1,3-TCA), and substituted acroleins: 2-chloro (CAC), 3,3-dichloro (DCAC), 2,3,3-trichloro (TCAC) and 2-bromo (BAC), were applied topically to SENCAR mice (25, 30, or 40/group) at the following dose levels: 50 mg/kg (MCA and 1,1,3-TCA); 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg (1,3-DCA); 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg (CAC, DCAC, and TCAC); 200 and 300 mg/kg (BAC); and 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg (1,1-DCA, and 1,1,1-TCA). Doses were applied six times over a 2-week period in 0.2 ml ethanol per application. 1,3-DCA was also tested with single doses of 37.5, 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg in 0.2 ml ethanol. Control animals received 0.2 ml ethanol per application as a single dose or multiple doses to match corresponding studies. Two weeks after the final dose, 1.0 microgram TPA in 0.2 ml acetone was applied three times weekly for 20 weeks. After 24 weeks the percentage of animals with tumors for dose groups above were: MCA (8); 1,1,3-TCA (10); 1,3-DCA, multiple doses (48, 45, 32); CAC (30, 28, 38); DCAC (3, 0, 0); TCAC (10, 5, 0); BAC (54, 43); 1,1-DCA (0, 5, 0); 1,1,1-TCA (10, 5, 0); 1,3-DCA, single doses (47, 47, 63, 20); controls (12--Table 3, 9--Table 4 average). These data show that 1,3-DCA, CAC and BAC, when applied topically, initiate tumors in the mouse skin. These chemicals administered orally in a 2% emulphor solution, at doses described in Table 3, did not initiate tumors in the mouse skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Robinson
- Environmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268
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Stoner GD, Conran PB, Greisiger EA, Stober J, Morgan M, Pereira MA. Comparison of two routes of chemical administration on the lung adenoma response in strain A/J mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1986; 82:19-31. [PMID: 3945940 DOI: 10.1016/0041-008x(86)90433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the ability of a series of 19 compounds representing different chemical classes of carcinogens to induce lung tumors in strain A/J mice after either ip or po administration. Aflatoxin B1, dibutylnitrosamine, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, and methylnitrosourea induced a significant increase in the lung tumor response in both sexes after ip and po administration. Azaserine was active in both sexes only after ip administration. Benzene, 1,2-dibromoethane, and epichlorohydrin, following ip administration, produced significant increases in the tumor response in at least one sex. Aflatoxin B1, azaserine, benzene, 1,2-dibromoethane, dibutylnitrosamine, and epichlorohydrin were more active when given ip than after po administration. In contrast, dimethylhydrazine and methylnitrosourea were more active (in females only) when given po. 2-Acetylaminofluorene, azobenzene, chloroform, 1,4-dioxane, FANFT (N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide), lead subacetate, methylmethanesulfonate, beta-naphthylamine, beta-propiolactone, safrole, and 2,4,6-tri-chlorophenol did not induce lung tumors in strain A/J mice. These data confirm previous observations on the importance of the route of chemical administration on the lung tumor response in strain A mice, and on the inability of the lung tumor bioassay to detect certain liver and bladder carcinogens and unstable alkylating agents.
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Miller RG, Doerger JU, Kopfler FC, Stober J, Roberson P. Influence of the time of acidification after sample collection on the preservation of drinking water for lead determination. Anal Chem 1985; 57:1020-3. [PMID: 4014694 DOI: 10.1021/ac00283a013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Bull RJ, Robinson M, Laurie RD, Stoner GD, Greisiger E, Meier JR, Stober J. Carcinogenic effects of acrylamide in Sencar and A/J mice. Cancer Res 1984; 44:107-11. [PMID: 6360343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide structurally resembles vinyl carbamate, a proposed proximate carcinogenic form of ethyl carbamate. To test the hypothesis that acrylamide should possess carcinogenic properties, it was tested in the Salmonella-microsome assay for point mutation, as a skin tumor initiator in the Sencar mouse, and for its ability to induce lung adenomas in the A/J mouse. Acrylamide was found to be without activity as a mutagen in Salmonella strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, and TA 100 both in the presence and absence of rat liver microsomes using both the plate and liquid suspension assays. However, acrylamide was found to approximate ethyl carbamate in potency as a tumor initiator in the skin of the female Sencar mice. As with ethyl carbamate, acrylamide was more potent by systemic routes of administration relative to topical application. Acrylamide was also found to induce lung adenomas in male and female A/J mice using both the p.o. and i.p. routes of administration. Acrylamide was approximately one-seventh as potent as ethyl carbamate in the induction of lung adenomas. These data confirm the hypothesis that acrylamide possesses carcinogenic properties similar to ethyl carbamate.
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Abstract
The review of available data on the concentrations of asbestos in U.S. water supplies suggests that the majority of water consumers are not exposed to asbestos concentrations over 1 million fibers/Liter. A few populations, however, may be exposed to concentrations over 1 billion fibers/L. Of the 538 water supplies for which waterborne asbestos data are available, 8% have concentrations of fibers over 10 million fibers/L. The vast majority of asbestos fibers found in U.S. water supplies are under 5 micron in length.
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Bull RJ, Robinson M, Meier JR, Stober J. Use of biological assay systems to assess the relative carcinogenic hazards of disinfection by-products. Environ Health Perspect 1982; 46:215-27. [PMID: 7151763 PMCID: PMC1569044 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8246215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Other workers have clearly shown that most, if not all, drinking water in the U.S. contains chemicals that possess mutagenic and/or carcinogenic activity by using bacterial and in vitro methods. In the present work, increased numbers of tumors were observed with samples of organic material isolated from 5 U.S. cities administered as tumor initiators in mouse skin initiation/promotion studies. Only in one case was the result significantly different from control. In studies designed to test whether disinfection practice contributes significantly to the tumor initiating activity found in drinking water mixed results have been obtained. In one experiment, water disinfected by chlorination, ozonation or combined chlorine resulted in a significantly greater number of papillomas when compared to nondisinfected water. In two subsequent experiments, where water was obtained from the Ohio River at different times of the year, no evidence of increased initiating activity was observed with any disinfectant. Analysis of water obtained at the comparable times of the year for total organic halogen, and trihalomethane formation revealed a substantial variation in the formation of these products. Considering the problems such variability poses for estimating risks associated with disinfection by-products, a model system which makes use of commercially obtained humic acid as a substrate for chlorination was investigated using the Ames test. Humic and fulvic acids obtained from two surface waters as well as the commercially obtained humic acid were without activity in TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538, TA 98 or TA 100 strains of S. typhimurium. Following treatment with a 0.8 molar ratio of chlorine (based on carbon) significant mutagenic activity was observed with all humic and fulvic acid samples. Comparisons of the specific mutagenic activity of the chlorinated products suggests that the commercial material might provide a useful model for studying health hazards associated with disinfection reactions by-products.
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Stober J, Asal NR. Multiple myeloma in Oklahoma: racial, age, sex, geographic and time variations. South Med J 1976; 69:298-302. [PMID: 1257825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oklahoma death certificates listing multiple myeloma as the underlying cause of death during the period 1950-1970 were examined for secular trends, and geographic and demographic characteristics associated with the disease. An upward trend in the death rates for all age, sex and race groups was found; the most dramatic increases were seen in the oldest age groups. During the 20-year period, the death rate for white males 75 years of age and older increased tenfold. For white females 75 years of age and older. It increased eightfold. White male rates were constantly higher and showed a sharper increase in age-adjusted death rates than white female rates. Because of the low number of nonwhite deaths in Oklahoma from multiple myeloma, the rates showed extreme fluctuations. After adjustments were made for age differences, the nonwhite annual rate was 2.36 per 100,000 compared with 1.62 for the white population. There was not enough information to draw conclusions about the geographic distribution of multiple myeloma. Findings for the Oklahoma population were consistent with the few previously reported studies.
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