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Shih KC, Wong JKW, Lian JX, Lam CLK, Lai JSM. Diagnostic accuracy of tele-ophthalmology versus face-to-face consultation: abridged secondary publication. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29 Suppl 1:18-21. [PMID: 36919213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K C Shih
- Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J K W Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J X Lian
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C L K Lam
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J S M Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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D'Angelo SP, Bhatia S, Brohl AS, Hamid O, Mehnert JM, Terheyden P, Shih KC, Brownell I, Lebbé C, Lewis KD, Linette GP, Milella M, Xiong H, Guezel G, Nghiem PT. Avelumab in patients with previously treated metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (JAVELIN Merkel 200): updated overall survival data after >5 years of follow-up. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100290. [PMID: 34715570 PMCID: PMC8564559 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive skin cancer that has a poor prognosis in patients with advanced disease. Avelumab [anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)] became the first approved treatment for patients with metastatic MCC (mMCC), based on efficacy and safety data observed in the JAVELIN Merkel 200 trial. We report long-term overall survival (OS) data after >5 years of follow-up from the cohort of patients with mMCC whose disease had progressed after one or more prior lines of chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS In Part A of the single-arm, open-label, phase II JAVELIN Merkel 200 trial, patients with mMCC that had progressed following one or more prior lines of chemotherapy received avelumab 10 mg/kg by intravenous infusion every 2 weeks until confirmed disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal. In this analysis, long-term OS was analyzed. RESULTS In total, 88 patients were treated with avelumab. At data cut-off (25 September 2020), median follow-up was 65.1 months (range 60.8-74.1 months). One patient (1.1%) remained on treatment, and an additional patient (1.1%) had reinitiated avelumab after previously discontinuing treatment. Median OS was 12.6 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.5-17.1 months], with a 5-year OS rate of 26% (95% CI 17% to 36%). In patients with PD-L1+ versus PD-L1- tumors, median OS was 12.9 months (95% CI 8.7-29.6 months) versus 7.3 months (95% CI 3.4-14.0 months), and the 5-year OS rate was 28% (95% CI 17% to 40%) versus 19% (95% CI 5% to 40%), respectively (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.36-1.25). CONCLUSION Avelumab monotherapy resulted in meaningful long-term OS in patients with mMCC whose disease had progressed following chemotherapy. These results further support the role of avelumab as a standard of care for patients with mMCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P D'Angelo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA.
| | - S Bhatia
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, USA
| | - A S Brohl
- Sarcoma Department and Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | - O Hamid
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, a Cedars-Sinai Affiliate, Los Angeles, USA
| | - J M Mehnert
- Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA
| | - P Terheyden
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - K C Shih
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, USA
| | - I Brownell
- Dermatology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - C Lebbé
- Université de Paris, INSERM U976, Paris, France; Dermatology and CIC, AP-HP, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - K D Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - G P Linette
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - M Milella
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust (AOUI Verona), Verona, Italy
| | - H Xiong
- Biostatistics, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, USA, an affiliate of Merck KGaA
| | - G Guezel
- Clinical Development, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P T Nghiem
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center at South Lake Union, Seattle, USA
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Naderi A, Koschella A, Heinze T, Shih KC, Nieh MP, Pfeifer A, Chang CC, Erlandsson J. Corrigendum to "Sulfoethylated nanofibrillated cellulose: Production and properties" [Carbohydr. Polym. 169 (2017) 515-523]. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 179:1. [PMID: 29111030 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Naderi
- Innventia AB, Box 5604, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - A Koschella
- Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - T Heinze
- Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - K C Shih
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT-06269-3136, United States; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Taiwan.
| | - M P Nieh
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT-06269-3136, United States.
| | - A Pfeifer
- Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - C C Chang
- ThINC Facility at Advanced Energy Research & Technology Center, 1000 Innovation Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-6044, United States.
| | - J Erlandsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Furuse M, Miyatake SI, Miyata T, Yoritsune E, Kawabata S, Kuroiwa T, Karajannis MA, Fisher MJ, Milla SS, Cohen KJ, Legault G, Wisoff JH, Harter DH, Hartnett E, Merkelson A, Bloom MC, Dhall G, Jones D, Korshunov A, Pfister S, Eberhart CG, Zagzag D, Allen JC, Chinot O, Wick W, Mason W, Henriksson R, Saran F, Nishikawa R, Hilton M, Abrey L, Cloughesy T, Field KM, Simes J, Nowak AK, Hovey E, Wheeler H, Cher L, Brown C, Livingstone A, Sawkins K, Rosenthal MA, McCrea HJ, Kesavabhotla K, Boockvar J, Kleinberg L, Blakeley J, Mikkelsen T, Stevens G, Ye X, Ryu S, Desideri S, Desai B, Giranda V, Grossman S, Badruddoja MA, Pazzi M, Stea B, Lefferts P, Contreras N, Wallen K, Shah R, Rance N, Schroeder K, Sanan A, Kut C, Raza S, Liang W, Abutaleb A, Xi J, Mavadia J, Ye X, Guerrero-Cazares H, McVeigh E, Li X, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Sloan AE, Reese J, Rogers LR, Embree H, Lazarus HM, Fung H, Kane D, Dropulic B, Gerson SL, Tsung GE, Green SD, Lai A, Green RM, Filka E, Cloughesy TF, Nghiemphu PL, Saito R, Yamashita Y, Sonoda Y, Kanamori M, Kumabe T, Tominaga T, Mohammadi AM, Chao ST, Peereboom DM, Barnett GH, Suh JH, Brewer C, Vogelbaum MA, Desjardins A, Peters KB, Herndon JE, Bailey LA, Alderson LM, Ranjan T, Sampson JH, Friedman AH, Bigner DD, Friedman HS, Vredenburgh JJ, Kaley TJ, Pentsova E, Omuro A, Mellinghoff I, Nolan C, Gavrilovic I, DeAngelis LM, Holland E, Lacouture ME, Ludwig E, Lassman AB, Shih KC, Bacha J, Brown DM, Garner WJ, Schwartz R, Burris HA, Shih K, Rosenblatt P, Chowdhary S, Weir A, Shepard G, Shastry M, Griner P, Hainsworth J, Sloan AE, Nock CJ, Kerstetter A, Supko J, Ye X, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Miller R, Rich J, Takebe N, Prados M, Grossman S. CLIN-ONGOING CLINICAL TRIALS. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:vi101-vi105. [PMCID: PMC3488786 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
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Yardley DA, Peacock NW, Peyton J, Shipley DL, Spigel S, Barton J, Shih KC, Raefsky E, Liggett W, Burris HA, Hainsworth JD. P3-14-29: Neoadjuvant Sunitinib Administered with Weekly Paclitaxel/Carboplatin in Patients with Locally Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Sarah Cannon Research Institute Phase I/II Trial. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p3-14-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis plays a substantial role in breast cancer development as well as in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Sunitinib is an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase receptors for VEGF, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), KIT, RET, and fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (FLT3). As monotherapy in heavily pretreated breast cancer patients (pts), sunitinib demonstrated a response rate of 15% in TNBC (11% of all pts) with stable disease or better in 16% of all pts. The combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin is ideally suited for further exploration as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for TNBC, based on the established preclinical and clinical sensitivity of TNBC to these cytotoxic agents. This open label, phase I/II trial was designed to evaluate the combination of sunitinib plus paclitaxel and carboplatin as neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced breast cancer. The primary objective for the phase I portion was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD); these results are presented. Methods: Women with histologically confirmed invasive triple-negative adenocarcinoma of the breast, (defined as <10% staining by IHC for ER/PR; IHC 0–1+ or FISH negative for HER2), with no evidence of metastatic disease and normal LVEF were eligible. All pts received sunitinib (days 1–28), paclitaxel (days 1, 8, 15), and carboplatin (day 1) in 28-day treatment cycles x6. Following 6 cycles, pts had definitive surgery. After ≥2 weeks and evidence of adequate wound healing, maintenance sunitinib 25mg PO daily was initiated to complete a total of 52 weeks. Three dose levels were evaluated as shown in the table below:
Doses were escalated in sequential cohorts of pts using standard phase I methodology. MTD was defined as the highest dose level (DL) producing ≤1 dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) in a pt cohort. The MTD identified in the phase I portion of the study will be used in the phase II portion, which will evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of this combination in pts with locally advanced TNBC.
Results: 15 women with TNBC were enrolled between 10/2009 and 2/2011 [median age 53 years (range: 40–78)]. Due to grade 3 neutropenia resulting in the inability to deliver cycle 1 day 15 paclitaxel in the first pt treated at both DLs 1 and 2, these DLs were expanded to 6 pts each. No additional cycle 1 DLTs were noted in the 5 additional pts at either DL. Three pts were accrued to DL 3; there were 2 DLTs noted among these pts (grade 3 febrile neutropenia; grade 3 neutropenia with cycle 2 day 1 treatment delay). However, due to the development of grade 3/4 neutropenia in subsequent cycles in 5 of 6 DL 2 pts, resulting in dose delays and requiring dose reductions, the MTD of this combination was defined as DL 1 (paclitaxel 70mg/m2 (Days 1, 8, 15); carboplatin AUC=5 (Day 1); sunitinib 25mg PO daily).
Conclusions: The administration of sunitinib with paclitaxel plus carboplatin as neoadjuvant therapy is feasible with neutropenia defining the MTD of this combination. The phase II portion of this study is ongoing.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-14-29.
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Affiliation(s)
- DA Yardley
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - NW Peacock
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - J Peyton
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - DL Shipley
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - S Spigel
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - J Barton
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - KC Shih
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - E Raefsky
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - W Liggett
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - HA Burris
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
| | - JD Hainsworth
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN; Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville, TN
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Shih KC, Infante JR, Papadopoulos KP, Bendell JC, Tolcher AW, Burris HA, Beeram M, Jackson L, Arcos R, Westin EH, Farrington D, McGlothlin A, Hynes S, Leohr J, Brandt JT, Nasir A, Patnaik A. A phase I dose-escalation study of LY2523355, an Eg5 inhibitor, administered either on days 1, 5, and 9; days 1 and 8; or days 1 and 5 with pegfilgrastim (peg) every 21 days (NCT01214642). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.2600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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7
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Barton JH, Shih KC, Raefsky E, Haines DW, Strike B, Hainsworth JD, Burris HA, Yardley DA. Amrubicin as second- or third-line treatment for patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC): A Sarah Cannon Research Institute phase I trial. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Shih KC, Spigel DR, Burris HA, Brown RH, Shepard GC, Hainsworth JD. Phase II trial of radiation therapy/temozolomide/bevacizumab followed by bevacizumab/everolimus in the first-line treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.2075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Chau SW, Hsu KL, Chen SC, Liou TM, Shih KC. The fluid property dependency on micro-fluidic characteristics in the deposition process for microfabrication. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 20:133-8. [PMID: 15142586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2003.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2003] [Accepted: 11/13/2003] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The droplet impingement into a cavity at micrometer-scale is one of important fluidic issues for microfabrications, e.g. the inkjet deposition process in the PLED display manufacturing. The related micro-fluidic behaviors in the deposition process should be carefully treated to ensure the desired quality of microfabrication. The droplets generally dispensing from an inkjet head, which contains an array of nozzles, have a volume in several picoliters, while each nozzle responds very quickly and jets the droplets into cavities on substrates with micrometer size. The nature of droplet impingement depends on the fluid properties, the initial state of droplet, the impact parameters and the surface characteristics. The commonly chosen non-dimensional numbers to describe this process are the Weber number, the Reynolds number, the Ohnesorge number, and the Bond number. This paper discusses the influences of fluid properties of a Newtonian fluid, such as surface tension and fluid viscosity, on micro-fluidic characteristics for a certain jetting speed in the deposition process via a numerical approach, which indicates the impingement process consists of four different phases. In the first phase, the droplet stretching outwards rapidly, where inertia force is dominated. In the second phase, the recoiling of droplet is observed, where surface tension becomes the most important force. In the third phase, the gravitational force pulls the droplet surface towards cavity walls. The fourth phase begins when the droplet surface touches cavity walls and ends when the droplet obtains a stable shape. If the fluid viscosity is relatively small, the droplet surface touches cavity walls in the second phase. A stable fluid layer would not form if the viscosity is relatively small.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Chau
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan, ROC.
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Guo YW, Chang TY, Lin KT, Liu HW, Shih KC, Cheng SH. Cloning and functional expression of the mucrosobin protein, a beta-fibrinogenase of Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus (Taiwan Habu). Protein Expr Purif 2001; 23:483-90. [PMID: 11722187 DOI: 10.1006/prep.2001.1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A venom-specific cDNA encoding for a thrombin-like enzyme designated as mucrosobin has been cloned and sequenced from the cDNA library of the venomous gland of Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus. The full-length cDNA of mucrosobin was assembled by oligonucleotide screening and 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA consists of 257 amino acid residues with a putative signal peptide of 24 residues. It is highly homologous to the other thrombin-like enzymes (batroxobin, mucofirase, and calobin), suggesting that it is a serine proteinase with a conserved catalytic triad of His(41), Asp(84) and Ser(179) in the deduced form of mucrosobin protein. Northern blot analysis revealed that the mucrosobin gene encodes an mRNA of 1.5 kb and suggested a tissue-specific expression in the venomous gland. In an effort to study the biological property of mocrosobin, we have expressed the 28-kDa protein as inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli. For analyzing enzymatic activity, the inclusion bodies were solubilized and the recombinant protein was refolded with a two-step dialysis protocol. The refolded recombinant protein exhibited a specific beta-fibrinogenolytic activity. This study offers a possibility of using genetic engineering to acquire a functional snake venom protein with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Guo
- Department of Biology and Anatomy
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Kwok CF, Chen ML, Shih KC, Hwu CM, Ho LT. Glucose suppresses the enhancement by free fatty acids on thrombin- stimulated production of prostacyclin in cultured aortic endothelial cells. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2001; 64:427-32. [PMID: 11720139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostacyclin (PGI2) is a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation. It may reduce in diabetic patients to contribute to the platelet hyperaggregability and acceleration of atherosclerosis. While the major clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus is increased blood levels of glucose, elevation of free fatty acids (FFA) levels in the circulation has also been reported. METHODS Cultured rat aortic endothelial cells were treated with media containing high concentration of FFA (oleic acid 0.5 mM, palmitic acid 0.25 mM, linoleic acid 0.25 mM, stearic acid 0.06 mM, arachidonic acid 0.04 mM, total 1.1 mM, and the molar ratio of FFA/albumin < 2), glucose (22 mM) or both. Then the PGI2 release was studied by measuring 6-keto-PGF1alpha in the media. RESULTS We found that high concentration of FFA increased the PGI2 production at basal (1.227 +/- 0.031 vs 0.762 +/- 0.028 ng/mg protein, n = 6, p = 0.002) and when stimulated by 0.5 unit/ml of thrombin (2.708 +/- 0.115 vs 1.337 +/- 0.225 ng/mg protein, n = 6, p = 0.002). Two-day treatment with high-glucose did not affect PGI2 production. However, in the presence of high-glucose, the enhancement by high FFA of thrombin stimulated PGI2 production disappeared (high-glucose 1.461 +/- 0.312 ng/mg, normal-glucose 2.708 +/- 0.115 ng/mg, n = 6, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS The interaction between glucose and FFA can reduce PGI2 production in thrombin-stimulated state. Our findings further support their role in the pathogenesis of platelet hyperaggregability and acceleration of atherosclerosis in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Kwok
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
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Abstract
An increase in circulating non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) has been observed in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. To investigate whether fatty acids will affect the endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptor and thus contribute to the acceleration of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients, cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) were maintained in media containing higher (similar to those in diabetic patients) concentrations of oleic acid (OA) or linoleic acid (LA). The ET-1 binding and ET-1-stimulated thymidine uptake were then examined. We found that cells treated with OA (500 micromol/L) or LA (250 micromol/L) showed a significant increase in ET-1 receptor amount as demonstrated by Scatchard analysis (Bmax: 7.40 +/- 1.04 v 2.71 +/- 0.54 fmol/mg and 5.00 +/- 1.00 v 3.32 +/- 0.70 fmol/mg, respectively). No change in binding affinity was found. Moreover, both the basal and ET-1-stimulated thymidine uptake were enhanced by treatment with either LA (basal, 11,367 +/- 4,117 cpm/mg; LA, 13,933 +/- 4,003 cpm/mg; ET-1 (10(-8)), 16,931 +/- 4,412 cpm/mg; LA +/- ET-1 (10(-8)), 28,855 +/- 5,217 cpm/mg) or OA (basal, 4,912 +/- 1,193 cpm/mg, OA, 8,027 +/- 1,318 cpm/mg; ET-1 (10(-8)) 9,947 +/- 2,520 cpm/mg; OA + ET-1 (10(-8)), 16,761 +/- 1,740 cpm/mg). This enhancement in thymidine uptake was associated with an increase in cell number. Because ET-1 and its receptor are involved in atherogenesis, our findings suggested that increase in circulating NEFA may contribute to the acceleration of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. Further studies to confirm its role in the vascular wall are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Kwok
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Shih KC, Kwok CF, Ho LT. Combined use of insulin and endothelin-1 causes decrease of protein expression of beta-subunit of insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in rat adipocytes. J Cell Biochem 2000; 78:231-40. [PMID: 10842318 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(20000801)78:2<231::aid-jcb6>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (ISGU) can be inhibited by endothelin (ET-1). However, the mechanism by which ET-1 impairs ISGU in adipocytes remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of ET-1 on insulin action in rat adipocytes in order to elucidate the molecular mechanism of action of ET-1 on ISGU. The results show that ISGU was increased fivefold after 3-h treatment with 1 nM insulin. Treatment with 100 nM ET-1 had no effect on basal glucose uptake. However, ET-1 inhibited approximately 25% of ISGU and 20% of insulin binding after 3-h treatment in the presence of 1 nM insulin. Expression of the beta-subunit of the insulin receptor (IRbeta) and the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) in adipocytes was not significantly affected by 1 nM insulin or by 100 nM ET-1, even after 3-h treatment. However, expressions of IRbeta and IRS-1 were dramatically decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner when adipocytes were treated with both insulin and ET-1. Approximately 50% of IRbeta and 65% of IRS-1 expression levels were suppressed when adipocytes were simultaneously treated with both 1 nM insulin and 100 nM ET-1 for 3 h. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of ET-1 on ISGU may be mediated via the insulin receptor and suppression of IRbeta/IRS-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Shih
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the insulin sensitivity in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents. SUBJECTS Fifteen young normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents were paired with 15 controls matched for age, sex and body mass index. METHODS The insulin sensitivity was investigated by 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and modified insulin suppression test. A high-fat mixed meal was administered to observe the changes of TG levels. RESULTS The plasma glucose and serum insulin responses to oral glucose challenge were comparable between both groups. High-fat mixed meal made no difference in the plasma glucose, serum triglyceride or insulin between the 2 groups. With the modified insulin suppression test, the steady-state plasma glucose levels (SSPG) were higher in the offspring of parents with essential hypertension (138+/-43 mg/dl) than in the control group (95+/-26 mg/dl). The diastolic blood pressure and heart rate of the offspring of hypertensive parents are also higher than the control group. CONCLUSIONS Insulin resistance exists in young normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents, and the impairment of insulin-mediated glucose uptake in these subjects develop before any alteration of fasting and postprandial triglyceride.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Chen
- Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Hwu CM, Kwok CF, Chen HS, Shih KC, Lee SH, Hsiao LC, Lin SH, Ho LT. Lack of effect of simvastatin on insulin sensitivity in Type 2 diabetic patients with hypercholesterolaemia: results from a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study. Diabet Med 1999; 16:749-54. [PMID: 10510951 DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effects of simvastatin on serum lipids and insulin sensitivity in Type 2 diabetic patients with hypercholesterolaemia. METHODS A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled and two-period crossover study. After a 2-month run-in, 19 eligible Type 2 diabetic patients with hypercholesterolaemia were randomized to receive either simvastatin or placebo for 3 months, exchanging their treatment thereafter for another 3 months. Blood samples were taken in month 0 and at monthly intervals to measure serum lipids and indices of glycaemic control. An euglycaemic insulin clamp was performed in months 0, 3 and 6 to assess change of insulin sensitivity. The amount of glucose infused during 90-120 min of the clamp (M), and the mean values of serum insulin during 90-120 min (I) were measured. The M and M/I ratio were used to represent the in vivo insulin sensitivity of the subject. RESULTS Simvastatin significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC) by 23+/-18% and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) by 30+/-26%. It did not alter glycaemic control. The M-values and M/I ratios were similar in both groups in each period and no drug effect on insulin sensitivity could be identified. CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin significantly reduced the serum TC and LDL-C levels without alteration of insulin sensitivity in Type 2 diabetic patients with hypercholesterolaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hwu
- Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Chen HS, Hwu CM, Shih KC, Kwok CF, Ho LT. Octreotide effect on hypersecretion of growth hormone in a patient with fibrous dysplasia: a case report. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1999; 62:554-9. [PMID: 10462834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a 17-year-old adolescent boy with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH). The fasting serum GH, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin levels were all elevated. The GH secretion was stimulated by thyrotropin-releasing hormone and was not suppressed by an oral glucose test. Magnetic resonance imaging of the sella turcica showed no abnormal findings. The patient was treated with octreotide, 100 micrograms subcutaneous injection three times a day for two weeks to observe the effects of octreotide on growth hormone secretion. GH and IGF-I secretions were suppressed by octreotide therapy, while alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin secretion were partially suppressed. We suggest that the high bone turnover states in this patient may be attributed to both hypersecretion of growth hormone and the polyostotic fibrous dysplasia itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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17
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Chen HS, Hwu CM, Kwok CF, Yang HJ, Shih KC, Lin BJ, Ho LT. Clinical response and patient acceptance of a prefilled, disposable insulin pen injector for insulin-treated diabetes. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1999; 62:455-60. [PMID: 10418181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical response and patient acceptance of a prefilled, disposable insulin pen injector (Novolet, Novo-Nordisk, Bagsvaerd, Denmark) for treating insulin-dependent diabetic patients. METHODS After a run-in period of six weeks, 19 patients participated in an open, randomized, controlled, crossover study with two 12-week periods using insulin pens or conventional syringes. Clinical responses were assessed every 12 weeks, including glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), seven-point blood glucose profiles and hypoglycemic reactions. At the end of the trial, patients completed questionnaires about their acceptance of the insulin delivery device. RESULTS Neither of the regimens rendered significant changes in HbA1c, blood glucose profiles or hypoglycemic episodes. Most of the study subjects reported that the prefilled, disposable devices were convenient and easy to use, and many of them wished to continue using the device for insulin delivery. CONCLUSIONS The clinical response was the same for both treatment regimens, but most subjects preferred the prefilled disposable pen injector for insulin delivery because it was more convenient for daily use.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Chen
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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18
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Abstract
The Sensorex (Metertech, Taipei, Taiwan), an electrochemical blood glucose meter, is designed for self-monitoring of blood glucose (BG) concentrations in capillary blood through the use of an electrochemical test strip. The intra-assay coefficients of variation of Sensorex were 5.2, 5.4, and 4.7% at BG levels of 46, 154 and 302 mg/dl respectively. The BG concentrations tested by Sensorex were correlated well with those by YSI method (r approximately/= 0.85, P < 0.0001). The intraclass correlation coefficients (rI) between the results obtained by Sensorex and YSI were 0.84 in capillary blood and 0.69 in venous whole blood, which indicated good agreement between both methods. The Sensorex was evaluated by error grid analysis and revealed 'acceptance' results. In field test, the Sensorex results obtained by lay users were in concordance with those by trained technicians (rI = 0.87). Our data show that the Sensorex glucometer is reliable and easy to use. We also demonstrate a practical clinical approach for the evaluation of a novel SMBG system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Chen
- Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Hwu CM, Kwok CF, Lai TY, Shih KC, Lee TS, Hsiao LC, Lee SH, Fang VS, Ho LT. Growth hormone (GH) replacement reduces total body fat and normalizes insulin sensitivity in GH-deficient adults: a report of one-year clinical experience. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82:3285-92. [PMID: 9329355 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.82.10.4311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of GH replacement on body fat composition and insulin sensitivity were assessed in GH-deficient adults. The patients were randomized into a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of human recombinant GH replacement therapy for 6 months (period 1), followed by an open phase of GH for another 6 months (period 2). Anthropometric variables, body fat composition (fat %), and biochemical parameters were measured during the trial. Measurements of in vivo insulin sensitivity were carried out at the commencement of the study and on completion of the trial by modified insulin suppression test. The modified insulin suppression test was performed both in the morning (AM) and in the afternoon (PM) to further evaluate the PM-AM steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) pattern. We found that the GH-deficient adults had more body fat and were insulin resistant. Significant reduction in fat % and total body fat mass was found in the active arm of period 1 without alteration of body weight. Besides, we demonstrated, for the first time, the GH replacement for 6 months did not alter the insulin sensitivity, but replacement for a longer period (12 months) normalized not only the AM SSPG level but also the PM-AM SSPG pattern. We also found a positive correlation between SSPG (regardless of AM vs. PM) and fat % and total body fat mass. In conclusion, normalization of insulin sensitivity in GH-deficient adults after replacement of GH may be related to the reduction of total body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hwu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Shih KC, Kwok CF, Hwu CM, Hsiao LC, Li SH, Liu YF, Ho LT. Acipimox attenuates hypertriglyceridemia in dyslipidemic noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients without perturbation of insulin sensitivity and glycemic control. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1997; 36:113-9. [PMID: 9229195 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(97)00039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia in particular, is a common feature in patients with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and may associate with insulin insensitivity. Acipimox, being widely prescribed for treating hypertriglyceridemia, is also used in NIDDM patients for their dyslipidemia. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of acipimox in Chinese NIDDM patients with hypertriglyceridemia. A total of 16 patients enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled and two-period crossover study. After an 8 week run-in period, patients were randomly assigned into two groups receiving either acipimox (250 mg, twice daily) or placebo treatment. A total of 12 weeks later, these two groups switched their treatment for an additional 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected at the end of the run-in period and then at 4-week intervals in the whole study for lipid profile. A modified insulin suppression test was performed at the ends of the run-in period, 12-week and 24-week treatment to assess changes in insulin sensitivity. Our results showed that acipimox significantly lowered serum total triglyceride while compared to those by placebo. However, no difference was observed in serum non-esterified fatty acid, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL-C/ TC ratio between the two groups. Furthermore, glycemic indices and insulin sensitivity were similar during the base-line, placebo or acipimox periods. Taken together, our data suggest that acipimox significantly lowered TG without perturbation of insulin sensitivity in hypertriglyceridemic NIDDM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Shih
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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21
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Hwu CM, Shih KC, Kwok CF, Chang CL, Ho LT. Lovastatin lowers serum cholesterol levels in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients without altering their insulin sensitivity. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1996; 57:169-76. [PMID: 8935222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lovastatin, a potent 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, has been widely used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. It is also applied to dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes mellitus. The influence of lovastatin on insulin sensitivity was evaluated in twelve Chinese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients with hypercholesterolemia. METHODS This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, and two-period cross-over experiment enrolled 12 patients. After a run-in period of two months, the patients were randomized into 2 groups to receive either lovastatin (20 mg once daily) or placebo treatment. Eight weeks later, two groups of patients exchanged their treatment for another 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected at the end of the run-in period and at 4-week intervals during the study to observe serum lipid profiles. A modified insulin suppression test was made to assess insulin sensitivity three times: at the end of run-in period, in week 8 and week 16, respectively. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for analysis of statistical significance of the difference between lovastatin and placebo treatments. RESULTS As compared with the placebo, lovastatin reduced serum total cholesterol (TC) levels significantly. Serum total triglyceride (TG) concentrations decreased slightly by lovastatin. The ratio of TC to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) also decreased significantly in lovastatin period. No difference was found in serum apolipoprotein A1 levels. A significant reduction of serum apolipoprotein B concentrations was also noted in lovastatin period. No difference in glycemic indices and insulin sensitivity was observed in the base-line, placebo or lovastatin periods. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that lovastatin significantly lowered the serum TC levels without perturbation of insulin sensitivity in hypercholesterolemic NIDDM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hwu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Shih KC, Ho LT, Kuo HF, Chang TC, Liu PC, Chen CK, Tiu CM. Linear growth response to recombinant human growth hormone in children with growth hormone deficiency. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1994; 54:7-13. [PMID: 8087727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). METHODS We selected 15 children with GHD for a 12-month clinical trial and separated them into three groups with each 5 patients receiving one of the 3 tested rhGH (Saizen by Serono, Aubonne, Switzerland; Genotropin by KabiVitrum, Stockholm, Sweden and Humatrope by Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, USA). RESULTS In Saizen group, 3 boys and 2 girls with a mean chronological age (CA) of 10.6 +/- 1.7 yrs and bone age (BA) of 6.7 +/- 1.2 yrs, at dose of 0.2 IU/kg sc tiw, gained an average BA of 2.1 +/- 1.3 yrs. The mean height velocity (HV) increased from 3.7 +/- 1.2 to 11.1 +/- 3.3 cm/yr. The height standard deviation score (SDS) increased from -4.2 +/- 3.1 to -3.1 +/- 2.9. In Genotropin group, 2 boys and 3 girls with a mean CA of 9.2 +/- 2.3 yrs and BA of 5.6 +/- 2.1 yrs, at dose of 0.1 IU/kg sc qd, gained an average BA of 0.8 +/- 0.2 yr. The mean HV increased from 3.4 +/- 0.7 to 11.3 +/- 2.0 cm/yr. The height SDS increased from -4.0 +/- 0.5 to -2.7 +/- 0.7. In Humatrope group, 4 boys and 1 girl with a mean CA of 10.3 +/- 3.5 yrs and BA of 5.8 +/- 2.9 yrs, at dose of 0.1 IU/kg sc qd, gained at average BA of 0.8 +/- 0.7 yr. The mean HV increased from 4.0 +/- 1.3 to 9.4 +/- 1.9 cm2yr, and the height SDS increased from -2.9 +/- 0.7 to -2.2 +/- 1.0. Very low titers of anti-rhGH antibodies were noted only in two patients, one in Saizen group (titer = 1:10) and the other in Genotropin group (titer = 1:6). Their HV was not affected (Saizen: 13.3 cm/yr, Genotropin: 11.2 cm/yr). One patient evolved subclinical hypothyroidism whereas no side effect at all was noted in the rest of patients. CONCLUSIONS Three tested GH (Saizen, Genotropin, Humatrope) produced by recombinant DNA technology appear to make no significant difference in this clinical trial, and rhGH therapy is an effective and safe treatment for prepubertal GHD children.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Shih
- Department of Medicine, Army 804 General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Shih KC, Ho LT, Kou HF, Liu PC, Hsiao LC, Li SH, Liu YF, Wu MS. Diurnal variation of insulin sensitivity in NIDDM patients and normal subjects. J Formos Med Assoc 1992; 91:263-9. [PMID: 1354686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A modified insulin suppression test was adopted to assess the diurnal variation in insulin sensitivity and insulin clearance in 14 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and eight age-, sex- and weight-matched normal subjects. The modified insulin suppression test was combined with an infusion of regular insulin, 30 mU/min x m2; glucose, 6 mg/kg x min; and somatostatin, 500 micrograms/h, for 120 minutes followed by only a somatostatin infusion for 60 minutes. Blood samplings were performed at appropriate times to obtain data on steady-state plasma insulin (SSPI), steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG as an index of insulin sensitivity), metabolic clearance and the half disappearance time (T1/2) of insulin. Blood specimens were also obtained during SSPI for measurement of erythrocyte insulin receptor binding. Each subject took the insulin suppression test twice. One test was started at 8 am and the other at 4 pm; each test was preceded by 16 hours of fasting. The order of the insulin suppression tests in each subject was randomized and balanced. In normal subjects, the SSPG level was lower in the morning than in the afternoon (118.0 +/- 43.6 vs 150.3 +/- 34.2 mg/dL, p less than 0.05). The NIDDM patients had a higher SSPG in the morning (217.7 +/- 51.4 vs 188.3 +/- 40.6 mg/dL, p less than 0.01). There was no diurnal difference in insulin clearance or the T1/2 in either normal subjects or NIDDM patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Shih
- Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C
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24
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Kuo HF, Liu PC, Shih KC, Lee TS, Ho LT. Recombinant human growth hormone (Genotropin) in treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency: the first year observation. Zhonghua Min Guo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 1992; 33:12-9. [PMID: 1626447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Five prepubertal children with previously untreated growth hormone deficiency were enrolled in this trial and treated with authentic recombinant human growth hormone hGH, 0.1 IU/Kg/day, subcutaneously, for one year. All of the children markedly increased their growth rate; the height velocity increased from 3.4 +/- 0.7 cm/yr to 11.3 +/- 2.0 cm/yr during one year's treatment. The height-standard deviation score for chronological age increased from -4.03 +/- 0.52 to -2.70 +/- 0.68. The bone age increased from 5.6 +/- 1.5 year before treatment to 6.4 +/- 1.6 years after one-year treatment. Only one child acquired low titer anti-hGH antibodies during the course of treatment (1:2 to 1:6). No untoward symptoms were complained of by these children and no biochemical abnormalities occurred except transient subclinical hypothyroidism in one child during the treatment course.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Kuo
- Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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25
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Chang TC, Kuo HF, Liu PC, Shih KC, Zeisel HJ, Ho LT. Recombinant DNA produced somatropin in the treatment of prepubertal growth hormone deficient children. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1991; 47:7-12. [PMID: 1848467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of recombinant DNA produced human growth hormone in the treatment of growth failure in prepubertal children with idiopathic or organic deficiency of pituitary GH has been assessed. Five patients entered this clinical trial. They had never been treated with hGH, anabolic steroids or any medicine that affected GH and all of them were healthy without any chronic disease; except patient 1, who took a surgical operation for cerebellar astrocytoma at the age of 3. Each patient was treated with subcutaneous injection of recombinant somatropin (SAIZEN) at a dosage of 0.2 IU/Kg +/- 10% three times per week in the evening for 1 year. Typical catch up growth was observed. The height increased by between 6.3 and 15.1 cm and their mean growth velocity of 3.7 cm/yr prior to therapy increased to 11.1 cm/yr during one year of treatment. The annual change in bone age during the treatment with SAIZEN was 2.0 +/- 0.6 years in four patients, except patient 2 who showed different bone age (right hand 3.5 years, left hand 6.0 years). Anti-hGH antibodies were observed in patient 1, but the binding capacity was low (1:10), and no clinical symptoms or growth attenuation occurred. No side effects or laboratory abnormalities were noted throughout the clinical trial. In conclusion, recombinant somatropin has a growth promoting effect and low immunogenicity, and it is shown to be safe and effective during the first year of therapy in children with GH deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Chang
- Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, R.O.C
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Shih KC, Wang FD, Liu YC, Liu CY. Cutaneous abscess caused by Nocardia brasiliensis: report of a case. Taiwan Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 1989; 88:1156-9. [PMID: 2636252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of cutaneous Nocardia brasiliensis infection. The patient had received radiotherapy and anti-neoplastic chemotherapy for epidermoid carcinoma of the left sphenoid sinus with bone destruction. He developed fever and an ulcer on the dorsal medial surface of the left hand after an intravenous infusion of chemotherapeutic agents in the same site 3 days earlier. Needle aspiration of the abscess disclosed polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and a partially acid-fast, gram-positive filamentous branching organism. Cultures of the aspirate grew N. brasiliensis 1 week later. The patient was treated successfully with a regimen of parenteral ceftazidime and amikacin with definite improvement 1 week later. Therapy was continued for 1 more week, and then the patient was switched to oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 3 months with no recurrence. The diagnosis, clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of cutaneous abscesses cause by N. brasiliensis are discussed.
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