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Becker D, Buckley KR, Chun KS, Hurtado ET, Jivan S, Zeisler S, Ruth TJ. Production of ultra high quantities of 18F-fluoride Via 18O2 gas target: A progress report. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580440142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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2
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Kim SS, Chun KS, Choi JW, Kim SK, Cho WJ. The effects of container materials and buffer additives on decreasing the iodide concentration in a disposal vault for spent nuclear fuel. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2007; 42:39-43. [PMID: 17129946 DOI: 10.1080/10934520601015461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To retard the migration of iodine released from a spent fuel after the break of a container, the reducing effects on the concentration of the iodide by container corrosion products and some buffer additives were examined in a solution with bentonite. Iron and copper, and their corrosion products scarcely reduced the iodide concentration. And kaolinite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, copper ore and galena, known as having a sorption property for iodine, did not noticeably sorb the iodide. However, palm active carbon, silver metal and Ag2O lowered the iodide concentration. Especially, Ag2O put into a disposal container would effectively hinder the migration of iodine to the outside of a disposal vault without a great loss if the pore size of the compacted buffer layer is maintained below 1 mu m.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Kim
- Radwaste Disposal Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejon, Korea.
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3
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Ruth TJ, Buckle KR, Chun KS, Hurtado ET, Jivan S, Zeisler S. A proof of principle for targetry to produce ultra high quantities of 18F-fluoride. Appl Radiat Isot 2001; 55:457-61. [PMID: 11545497 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8043(01)00074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The production of 18F-fluoride from a gas target which utilizes the (18)O(p,n)18F reaction is described. Proof-of-principle experiments demonstrate that it is possible to design and build such a target that can be used routinely to produce terabecquerel (curie) quantities of 18F when operated at 100 microA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Ruth
- PET Chemistry, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Surh YJ, Chun KS, Cha HH, Han SS, Keum YS, Park KK, Lee SS. Molecular mechanisms underlying chemopreventive activities of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals: down-regulation of COX-2 and iNOS through suppression of NF-kappa B activation. Mutat Res 2001; 480-481:243-68. [PMID: 11506818 DOI: 10.1016/s0027-5107(01)00183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1120] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A wide array of phenolic substances, particularly those present in edible and medicinal plants, have been reported to possess substantial anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic activities. The majority of naturally occurring phenolics retain antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties which appear to contribute to their chemopreventive or chemoprotective activity. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inducible and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are important enzymes that mediate inflammatory processes. Improper up-regulation of COX-2 and/or iNOS has been associated with pathophysiology of certain types of human cancers as well as inflammatory disorders. Since inflammation is closely linked to tumor promotion, substances with potent anti-inflammatory activities are anticipated to exert chemopreventive effects on carcinogenesis, particularly in the promotion stage. Examples are curcumin, a yellow pigment of turmeric (Curcuma longa L., Zingiberaceae), the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and resveratrol from grapes (Vitis vinifera, Vitaceae) that strongly suppress tumor promotion. Recent studies have demonstrated that eukaryotic transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) is involved in regulation of COX-2 and iNOS expression. Several chemopreventive phytochemicals have been shown to inhibit COX-2 and iNOS expression by blocking improper NF-kappa B activation. Multiple lines of compelling evidence indicate that extracellular-regulated protein kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase are key elements of the intracellular signaling cascades responsible for NF-kappa B activation in response to a wide array of external stimuli. Curcumin, EGCG and resveratrol have been shown to suppress activation of NF-kappa B. One of the plausible mechanisms underlying inhibition of NF-kappa B activation by aforementioned phytochemicals involves repression of degradation of the inhibitory unit I kappa B alpha, which hampers subsequent nuclear translocation of the functionally active subunit of NF-kappa B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Surh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Shinlim-dong, Kwanak-ku, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
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Han SS, Keum YS, Seo HJ, Chun KS, Lee SS, Surh YJ. Capsaicin suppresses phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-kappaB/Rel and AP-1 transcription factors in mouse epidermis. Cancer Lett 2001; 164:119-26. [PMID: 11179825 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin, the principal pungent ingredient of hot chili peppers, has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and is currently used as a topical cream for the management of various neuropathic conditions. In the present study, topical application of capsaicin onto dorsal skin of female ICR mice strongly suppressed phorbol ester-stimulated activation of NF-kappaB via blockade of IkappaB-alpha degradation with subsequent inhibition of nuclear translocation of the functionally active NF-kappaB subunit, p65. Likewise, phorbol ester-induced activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) was abolished by capsaicin pretreatment. Since altered transactivation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 has been implicated for neoplastic transformation and progression, the suppression of these transcription factors by capsaicin may account for its previously reported chemopreventive effects on mouse skin tumorigenesis as well as inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Han
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Shinlim-dong, Kwanak-gu, 151-742, Seoul, South Korea
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6
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Keum YS, Park KK, Lee JM, Chun KS, Park JH, Lee SK, Kwon H, Surh YJ. Antioxidant and anti-tumor promoting activities of the methanol extract of heat-processed ginseng. Cancer Lett 2000; 150:41-8. [PMID: 10755385 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(99)00369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heat treatment of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer at a temperature higher than that applied to the conventional preparation of red ginseng yielded a mixture of saponins with potent antioxidative properties. Thus, the methanol extract of heat-processed neoginseng (designated as 'NGMe') attenuated lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates induced by ferric ion or ferric ion plus ascorbic acid. Furthermore, the extract protected against strand scission in phiX174 supercoiled DNA induced by UV photolysis of H2O2, and was also capable of scavenging superoxide generated by xanthine-xanthine oxidase or by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in differentiated human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. Topical application of NGMe onto shaven backs of female ICR mice 10 min prior to TPA, significantly ameliorated skin papillomagenesis initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Moreover, TPA-induced enhancement of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and ODC mRNA expression was abolished by a topical dose (0.68 mg) of NGMe. Likewise, TPA-induced production of tumor necrosis factor- in mouse skin was inhibited by NGMe pretreatment.
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MESH Headings
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/adverse effects
- Animals
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Bacteriophage phi X 174/genetics
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Carcinogens/adverse effects
- DNA, Viral/drug effects
- DNA, Viral/genetics
- DNA, Viral/radiation effects
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- HL-60 Cells
- Hot Temperature
- Humans
- Hydrogen Peroxide/adverse effects
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- Male
- Methanol
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Ornithine Decarboxylase/drug effects
- Ornithine Decarboxylase/genetics
- Ornithine Decarboxylase/metabolism
- Panax/chemistry
- Papilloma/chemically induced
- Papilloma/prevention & control
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plants, Medicinal
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Skin/drug effects
- Skin/metabolism
- Skin/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Skin Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Superoxides/metabolism
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/adverse effects
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/drug effects
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Keum
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, South Korea
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Chun KS, Sohn Y, Kim HS, Kim OH, Park KK, Lee JM, Moon A, Lee SS, Surh YJ. Anti-tumor promoting potential of naturally occurring diarylheptanoids structurally related to curcumin. Mutat Res 1999; 428:49-57. [PMID: 10517978 DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5742(99)00031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there have been considerable efforts to search for naturally occurring substances for intervention of carcinogenesis. Many components from medicinal or dietary plants have been identified to possess potential chemopreventive properties. For instance, curcumin, a yellow colouring agent from turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn., Zingiberaceae) has been shown to inhibit tumor formation in diverse animal models. Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel that also belongs to ginger family has been used in oriental herbal medicine. In the present work, we have evaluated the anti-tumor promoting potential of yakuchinone A (1-[4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl]-7-phenyl-3-heptanone) and yakuchinone B (1-[4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl]-7-phenylhept-1-en-3-one), major pungent ingredients of A. oxyphylla. Thus, topical application of yakuchinone A or B significantly suppressed TPA-induced epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity. They also reduced TPA-stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. Both compounds blunted the TPA-induced superoxide generation in differentiated HL-60 cells in a concentration-related manner and also inhibited lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates. Furthermore, yakuchinone A and yakuchinone B nullified the activation of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) in immortalized mouse fibroblast cells in culture. These findings indicate that pungent diarylheptanoids from A. oxyphylla have anti-tumor promotional properties that can contribute to their chemopreventive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Shinlim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Surh YJ, Park KK, Chun KS, Lee LJ, Lee E, Lee SS. Anti-tumor-promoting activities of selected pungent phenolic substances present in ginger. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 1999; 18:131-9. [PMID: 15281225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae) has been widely used as a dietary spice, as well as in traditional oriental medicine. The rhizome of ginger contains pungent vanillyl ketones, including [6]-gingerol and [6]-paradol, and has been reported to possess a strong anti-inflammatory activity. These pungent substances have a vanilloid structure found in other chemopreventive phytochemicals, including curcumin. In our study, we found anti-tumor-promoting properties of [6]-gingerol and [6]-paradol. Thus, topical application of [6]-gingerol or [6]-paradol 30 min prior to 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) attenuated the skin papillomagenesis initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in female ICR mice. These substances also significantly inhibited the tumor-promoter-stimulated inflammation, TNF-alpha production, and activation of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase in mice. In another study, [6]-gingerol and [6]-paradol suppressed the superoxide production stimulated by TPA in differentiated HL-60 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that pungent vanilloids found in ginger possess potential chemopreventive activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Surh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Park KK, Chun KS, Yook JI, Surh YJ. Lack of tumor promoting activity of capsaicin, a principal pungent ingredient of red pepper, in mouse skin carcinogenesis. Anticancer Res 1998; 18:4201-5. [PMID: 9891468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is the major pungent principle of hot peppers of the genus Capsicum. There have been numerous investigations to evaluate the effects of capsaicin on experimental carcinogenesis and mutagenesis, but the results are discordant. In the present study, we have assessed the tumor promoting potential of capsaicin using a two stage mouse skin carcinogenesis model. Repeated applications of capsaicin (10 mumol) onto the shaven backs of female ICR mice following a single-initiation dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene did not cause any significant increase in papilloma formation and abnormal hyperplastic or inflammatory skin lesions, compared with the solvent control. Furthermore, the topical application of capsaicin did not induce the epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity, suggesting that it lacks tumor-promotional activity. On the contrary, the compound ameliorated the mouse skin carcinogenesis when given simultaneously with the tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Park
- Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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10
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Lee E, Park KK, Lee JM, Chun KS, Kang JY, Lee SS, Surh YJ. Suppression of mouse skin tumor promotion and induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells by Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel (Zingiberaceae). Carcinogenesis 1998; 19:1377-81. [PMID: 9744532 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/19.8.1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been considerable efforts to search for naturally occurring substances for the intervention of carcinogenesis. Many components from dietary or medicinal plants have been identified that possess substantial chemopreventive properties. An example is curcumin (Curcuma longa Linn., Zingiberaceae), which has been shown to inhibit tumor promotion in experimental carcinogenesis. Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel, another plant of the ginger family used in oriental herbal medicine, contains diarylheptanoids whose structures are analogous to that of curcumin. In the present study, we have tested A.oxyphylla for its ability to suppress tumor promotion. Thus, topical application of the methanolic extract of dried fruits of A.oxyphylla significantly ameliorated 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced skin tumor promotion as well as ear edema in female ICR mice. In another study, treatment of HL-60 cells with the methanolic extract of A.oxyphylla significantly reduced the viability of the cells and also inhibited DNA synthesis. Microscopic examination of the treated cells showed characteristic morphology of apoptosis. Furthermore, cells treated with the extract of A.oxyphylla exhibited internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in time- and concentration-dependent manners. TPA-stimulated generation of superoxide anion in differentiated HL-60 cells was also blunted by A.oxyphylla. Taken together, these findings suggest that A.oxyphylla possesses potential chemopreventive and antitumorigenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
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Park KK, Chun KS, Lee JM, Lee SS, Surh YJ. Inhibitory effects of [6]-gingerol, a major pungent principle of ginger, on phorbol ester-induced inflammation, epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity and skin tumor promotion in ICR mice. Cancer Lett 1998; 129:139-44. [PMID: 9719454 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(98)00081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A wide array of phytochemicals have been shown to possess potential cancer chemopreventive properties. Ginger contains pungent phenolic substances with pronounced antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities. In the present study, we have determined the antitumor promotional activity of [6]-gingerol, a major pungent principle of ginger, using a two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis model. Topical application of [6]-gingerol onto shaven backs of female ICR mice prior to each topical dose of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) significantly inhibited 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced skin papillomagenesis. The compound also suppressed TPA-induced epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Park
- Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim SS, Lee JG, Choi JK, Lee GH, Chun KS. Effects of Metals, Metal Oxides and Metal Hydroxide on the Leaching of Simulated Nuclear Waste Glass. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.1997.79.3.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Kim
- Division of Chemistry, KAERI, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, Korea
| | - J.-G. Lee
- Division of Chemistry, KAERI, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, Korea
| | - J. K. Choi
- Division of Chemistry, KAERI, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, Korea
| | - G. H. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Nam University, Taejon, Korea
| | - K. S. Chun
- Division of Chemistry, KAERI, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Kim
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI)
- Dept. of Chemistry, Chung Nam University
| | - G. H. Lee
- Dept. of Chemistry, Chung Nam University
| | - J. -G. Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI)
| | - K. Y. Jee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI)
| | - K. S. Chun
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI)
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Lee HW, Lim YS, Song IJ, Chun KS. [A study of self-esteem and professional attitudes of middle level managers]. Taehan Kanho 1988; 27:69-78. [PMID: 3357312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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