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Ayres NJ, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Bouillaud T, Bowles D, Chanel E, Chen W, Chiu PJ, Crawford C, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Doorenbos CB, Emmenegger S, Fertl M, Fratangelo A, Griffith WC, Grujic ZD, Harris PG, Kirch K, Kletzl V, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lejuez A, Li R, Mullan P, Pacura S, Pais D, Piegsa FM, Rienäcker I, Ries D, Pignol G, Rebreyend D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Saenz-Arevalo W, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Segarra EP, Severijns N, Svirina K, Tavakoli Dinani R, Thorne J, Vankeirsbilck J, Voigt J, Yazdandoost N, Zejma J, Ziehl N, Zsigmond G, nEDM collaboration at PSI T. Achieving ultra-low and -uniform residual magnetic fields in a very large magnetically shielded room for fundamental physics experiments. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2024; 84:18. [PMID: 38205101 PMCID: PMC10774228 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
High-precision searches for an electric dipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) require stable and uniform magnetic field environments. We present the recent achievements of degaussing and equilibrating the magnetically shielded room (MSR) for the n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. We present the final degaussing configuration that will be used for n2EDM after numerous studies. The optimized procedure results in a residual magnetic field that has been reduced by a factor of two. The ultra-low field is achieved with the full magnetic-field-coil system, and a large vacuum vessel installed, both in the MSR. In the inner volume of ∼ 1.4 m 3 , the field is now more uniform and below 300 pT. In addition, the procedure is faster and dissipates less heat into the magnetic environment, which in turn, reduces its thermal relaxation time from 12 h down to 1.5 h .
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Affiliation(s)
- N. J. Ayres
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G. Ban
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - G. Bison
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K. Bodek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - V. Bondar
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T. Bouillaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - D. Bowles
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - E. Chanel
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - W. Chen
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - P.-J. Chiu
- University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C. B. Crawford
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - O. Naviliat-Cuncic
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - C. B. Doorenbos
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S. Emmenegger
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Fertl
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - A. Fratangelo
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - W. C. Griffith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - Z. D. Grujic
- Institute of Physics, Photonics Center, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11080 Serbia
| | - P. G. Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - K. Kirch
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - V. Kletzl
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J. Krempel
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B. Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - T. Lefort
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - A. Lejuez
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - R. Li
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Mullan
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S. Pacura
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - D. Pais
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - F. M. Piegsa
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - I. Rienäcker
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D. Ries
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - G. Pignol
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - D. Rebreyend
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S. Roccia
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - D. Rozpedzik
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - W. Saenz-Arevalo
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - A. Schnabel
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - E. P. Segarra
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - N. Severijns
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - K. Svirina
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - R. Tavakoli Dinani
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Thorne
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J. Vankeirsbilck
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Voigt
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - N. Yazdandoost
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Zejma
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - N. Ziehl
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G. Zsigmond
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - The nEDM collaboration at PSI
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
- Institute of Physics, Photonics Center, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11080 Serbia
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Abel C, Ayres NJ, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Bouillaud T, Chanel E, Chen J, Chen W, Chiu PJ, Crawford CB, Daum M, Doorenbos CB, Emmenegger S, Ferraris-Bouchez L, Fertl M, Fratangelo A, Griffith WC, Grujic ZD, Harris P, Kirch K, Kletzl V, Koss PA, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Mullan P, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pais D, Piegsa FM, Pignol G, Rawlik M, Rienäcker I, Ries D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Saenz-Arevalo W, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Segarra EP, Severijns N, Shelton T, Svirina K, Tavakoli Dinani R, Thorne J, Virot R, Yazdandoost N, Zejma J, Ziehl N, Zsigmond G. A large 'Active Magnetic Shield' for a high-precision experiment: nEDM collaboration. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2023; 83:1061. [PMID: 38021215 PMCID: PMC10661781 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel Active Magnetic Shield (AMS), designed and implemented for the n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. The experiment will perform a high-sensitivity search for the electric dipole moment of the neutron. Magnetic-field stability and control is of key importance for n2EDM. A large, cubic, 5 m side length, magnetically shielded room (MSR) provides a passive, quasi-static shielding-factor of about 10 5 for its inner sensitive volume. The AMS consists of a system of eight complex, feedback-controlled compensation coils constructed on an irregular grid spanned on a volume of less than 1000 m3 around the MSR. The AMS is designed to provide a stable and uniform magnetic-field environment around the MSR, while being reasonably compact. The system can compensate static and variable magnetic fields up to ± 50 μ T (homogeneous components) and ± 5 μ T/m (first-order gradients), suppressing them to a few μ T in the sub-Hertz frequency range. The presented design concept and implementation of the AMS fulfills the requirements of the n2EDM experiment and can be useful for other applications, where magnetically silent environments are important and spatial constraints inhibit simpler geometrical solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Abel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - N. J. Ayres
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G. Ban
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - G. Bison
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - K. Bodek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - V. Bondar
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T. Bouillaud
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - E. Chanel
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Present Address: Institut Laue Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - J. Chen
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - W. Chen
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - P. -J. Chiu
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Present Address: University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - M. Daum
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - C. B. Doorenbos
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S. Emmenegger
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Present Address: Hochschule Luzern, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland
| | | | - M. Fertl
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - A. Fratangelo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - W. C. Griffith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - Z. D. Grujic
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P. Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - K. Kirch
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - V. Kletzl
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - P. A. Koss
- Institute for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Present Address: Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J. Krempel
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B. Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - T. Lefort
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - P. Mullan
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - O. Naviliat-Cuncic
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - D. Pais
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - F. M. Piegsa
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - G. Pignol
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - M. Rawlik
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Present Address: Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - I. Rienäcker
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - D. Ries
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S. Roccia
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - D. Rozpedzik
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - W. Saenz-Arevalo
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - A. Schnabel
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - E. P. Segarra
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - N. Severijns
- Institute for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - K. Svirina
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - R. Tavakoli Dinani
- Institute for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. Thorne
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - R. Virot
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - N. Yazdandoost
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Zejma
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - N. Ziehl
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G. Zsigmond
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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Ayres NJ, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Bouillaud T, Clement B, Chanel E, Chiu PJ, Crawford CB, Daum M, Doorenbos CB, Emmenegger S, Fratangelo A, Fertl M, Griffith WC, Grujic ZD, Harris PG, Kirch K, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pais D, Piegsa FM, Pignol G, Rauscher G, Rebreyend D, Rienäcker I, Ries D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Saenz-Arevalo W, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Severijns N, Shen B, Staab M, Svirina K, Dinani RT, Thorne J, Yazdandoost N, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. Publisher's Note: "The very large n2EDM magnetically shielded room with an exceptional performance for fundamental physics measurements" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 93, 095105 (2022)]. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:119902. [PMID: 36461461 DOI: 10.1063/5.0130257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N J Ayres
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Ban
- Normandie Universite, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - G Bison
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K Bodek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - V Bondar
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Bouillaud
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - B Clement
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - E Chanel
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - P-J Chiu
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - C B Crawford
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - M Daum
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - C B Doorenbos
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Emmenegger
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Fratangelo
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Fertl
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - W C Griffith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - Z D Grujic
- Institute of Physics, Photonics Center, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P G Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - K Kirch
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Krempel
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - T Lefort
- Normandie Universite, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - O Naviliat-Cuncic
- Normandie Universite, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - D Pais
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - F M Piegsa
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Pignol
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - G Rauscher
- VAC-Vacuumschmelze, Gruner Weg 37, 63450 Hanau, Germany
| | - D Rebreyend
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - I Rienäcker
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D Ries
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Roccia
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - D Rozpedzik
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - W Saenz-Arevalo
- Normandie Universite, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - A Schnabel
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - N Severijns
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Shen
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Staab
- VAC-Vacuumschmelze, Gruner Weg 37, 63450 Hanau, Germany
| | - K Svirina
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - R Tavakoli Dinani
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Thorne
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - N Yazdandoost
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Zejma
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - G Zsigmond
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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4
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Ayres NJ, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Bouillaud T, Clement B, Chanel E, Chiu PJ, Crawford CB, Daum M, Doorenbos CB, Emmenegger S, Fratangelo A, Fertl M, Griffith WC, Grujic ZD, Harris PG, Kirch K, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pais D, Piegsa FM, Pignol G, Rauscher G, Rebreyend D, Rienäcker I, Ries D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Saenz-Arevalo W, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Severijns N, Shen B, Staab M, Svirina K, Dinani RT, Thorne J, Yazdandoost N, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. The very large n2EDM magnetically shielded room with an exceptional performance for fundamental physics measurements. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:095105. [PMID: 36182526 DOI: 10.1063/5.0101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We present the magnetically shielded room (MSR) for the n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute, which features an interior cubic volume with each side of length 2.92 m, thus providing an accessible space of 25 m3. The MSR has 87 openings of diameter up to 220 mm for operating the experimental apparatus inside and an intermediate space between the layers for housing sensitive signal processing electronics. The characterization measurements show a remanent magnetic field in the central 1 m3 below 100 pT and a field below 600 pT in the entire inner volume, up to 4 cm to the walls. The quasi-static shielding factor at 0.01 Hz measured with a sinusoidal 2 μT peak-to-peak signal is about 100 000 in all three spatial directions and increases rapidly with frequency to reach 108 above 1 Hz.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Ayres
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Ban
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - G Bison
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K Bodek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - V Bondar
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Bouillaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - B Clement
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - E Chanel
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - P-J Chiu
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - C B Crawford
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - M Daum
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - C B Doorenbos
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Emmenegger
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Fratangelo
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Fertl
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - W C Griffith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - Z D Grujic
- Institute of Physics, Photonics Center, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P G Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - K Kirch
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Krempel
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - T Lefort
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - O Naviliat-Cuncic
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - D Pais
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - F M Piegsa
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Pignol
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - G Rauscher
- VAC-Vacuumschmelze, Grüner Weg 37, 63450 Hanau, Germany
| | - D Rebreyend
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - I Rienäcker
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D Ries
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Roccia
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - D Rozpedzik
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - W Saenz-Arevalo
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - A Schnabel
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - N Severijns
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Shen
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Staab
- VAC-Vacuumschmelze, Grüner Weg 37, 63450 Hanau, Germany
| | - K Svirina
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - R Tavakoli Dinani
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Thorne
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - N Yazdandoost
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Zejma
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - G Zsigmond
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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5
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Bodek K, Choi J, De Keukeleere L, Dhanmeher K, Engler M, Gupta G, Kozela A, Lojek K, Pysz K, Ries D, Rozpedzik D, Severijns N, Soldner T, Yazdandoost N, Young A, Zejma J. BRAND – exploring transverse polarization of electrons emitted in neutron decay. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226201014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutron and nuclear beta decay correlation coefficients are sensitive to the exotic scalar and tensor interactions that are not included in the Standard Model (SM). The proposed experiment BRAND will measure simultaneously seven neutron correlation coefficients: H, L, N, R, S, U and V that depend on the transverse electron polarization – a quantity which vanishes in the SM. Five of these correlations: H, L, S, U and V were never attempted experimentally before. The expected impact of the proposed experiment is comparable to that of frequently measured “traditional” correlation coefficients (a, b, A, B, D) but offers completely different systematics and additional sensitivity to imaginary parts of the scalar and tensor couplings. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the challenging techniques such as the event-by-event decay kinematics reconstruction together with the electron polarimetry a test setup was installed at the cold neutron beam line PF1B at the Laue-Langevin Institute, Grenoble, France. In this contribution, the results of the first run as well as plans for the run in Autumn 2021 will be discussed.
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6
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Ayres NJ, Ban G, Bienstman L, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Bouillaud T, Chanel E, Chen J, Chiu PJ, Clément B, Crawford CB, Daum M, Dechenaux B, Doorenbos CB, Emmenegger S, Ferraris-Bouchez L, Fertl M, Fratangelo A, Flaux P, Goupillière D, Griffith WC, Grujic ZD, Harris PG, Kirch K, Koss PA, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lemière Y, Leredde A, Meier M, Menu J, Mullins DA, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pais D, Piegsa FM, Pignol G, Quéméner G, Rawlik M, Rebreyend D, Rienäcker I, Ries D, Roccia S, Ross KU, Rozpedzik D, Saenz W, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Severijns N, Shen B, Stapf T, Svirina K, Tavakoli Dinani R, Touati S, Thorne J, Virot R, Voigt J, Wursten E, Yazdandoost N, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. The design of the n2EDM experiment: nEDM Collaboration. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2021; 81:512. [PMID: 34720721 PMCID: PMC8550164 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present the design of a next-generation experiment, n2EDM, currently under construction at the ultracold neutron source at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) with the aim of carrying out a high-precision search for an electric dipole moment of the neutron. The project builds on experience gained with the previous apparatus operated at PSI until 2017, and is expected to deliver an order of magnitude better sensitivity with provision for further substantial improvements. An overview is of the experimental method and setup is given, the sensitivity requirements for the apparatus are derived, and its technical design is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. J. Ayres
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G. Ban
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - L. Bienstman
- Institute for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G. Bison
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - K. Bodek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - V. Bondar
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T. Bouillaud
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - E. Chanel
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J. Chen
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - P.-J. Chiu
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - B. Clément
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | | | - M. Daum
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - B. Dechenaux
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - C. B. Doorenbos
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S. Emmenegger
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - M. Fertl
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - A. Fratangelo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - P. Flaux
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - D. Goupillière
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - W. C. Griffith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - Z. D. Grujic
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P. G. Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH UK
| | - K. Kirch
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - P. A. Koss
- Institute for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Present Address: Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J. Krempel
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B. Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - T. Lefort
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Y. Lemière
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - A. Leredde
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - M. Meier
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - J. Menu
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - D. A. Mullins
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - O. Naviliat-Cuncic
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - D. Pais
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - F. M. Piegsa
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - G. Pignol
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - G. Quéméner
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | - M. Rawlik
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Present Address: Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - D. Rebreyend
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - I. Rienäcker
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - D. Ries
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Roccia
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - K. U. Ross
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Rozpedzik
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - W. Saenz
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - A. Schnabel
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - N. Severijns
- Institute for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - B. Shen
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Stapf
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - K. Svirina
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - R. Tavakoli Dinani
- Institute for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - S. Touati
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - J. Thorne
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - R. Virot
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - J. Voigt
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - E. Wursten
- Institute for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N. Yazdandoost
- Department of Chemistry-TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Zejma
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - G. Zsigmond
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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7
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Ayres NJ, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Chanel E, Chiu PJ, Crawford CB, Daum M, Emmenegger S, Ferraris-Bouchez L, Flaux P, Grujić Z, Harris PG, Hild N, Hommet J, Kasprzak M, Kermaïdic Y, Kirch K, Komposch S, Kozela A, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lemiere Y, Leredde A, Mohanmurthy P, Mtchedlishvili A, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pais D, Piegsa FM, Pignol G, Rawlik M, Rebreyend D, Rienäcker I, Ries D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Virot R, Weis A, Wursten E, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. Data blinding for the nEDM experiment at PSI. Eur Phys J A Hadron Nucl 2021; 57:152. [PMID: 34776778 PMCID: PMC8550649 DOI: 10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Psychological bias towards, or away from, prior measurements or theory predictions is an intrinsic threat to any data analysis. While various methods can be used to try to avoid such a bias, e.g. actively avoiding looking at the result, only data blinding is a traceable and trustworthy method that can circumvent the bias and convince a public audience that there is not even an accidental psychological bias. Data blinding is nowadays a standard practice in particle physics, but it is particularly difficult for experiments searching for the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM), as several cross measurements, in particular of the magnetic field, create a self-consistent network into which it is hard to inject a false signal. We present an algorithm that modifies the data without influencing the experiment. Results of an automated analysis of the data are used to change the recorded spin state of a few neutrons within each measurement cycle. The flexible algorithm may be applied twice (or more) to the data, thus providing the option of sequentially applying various blinding offsets for separate analysis steps with independent teams. The subtle manner in which the data are modified allows one subsequently to adjust the algorithm and to produce a re-blinded data set without revealing the initial blinding offset. The method was designed for the 2015/2016 measurement campaign of the nEDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. However, it can be re-used with minor modification for the follow-up experiment n2EDM, and may be suitable for comparable projects elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. J. Ayres
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton UK
| | - G. Ban
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, Caen, France
| | - G. Bison
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - K. Bodek
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - V. Bondar
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. Chanel
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P.-J. Chiu
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - C. B. Crawford
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - M. Daum
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S. Emmenegger
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - P. Flaux
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, Caen, France
| | - Z. Grujić
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Present Address: Institute of Physics Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P. G. Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton UK
| | - N. Hild
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - J. Hommet
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, Caen, France
| | - M. Kasprzak
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Y. Kermaïdic
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - K. Kirch
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S. Komposch
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - A. Kozela
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - J. Krempel
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - B. Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - T. Lefort
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, Caen, France
| | - Y. Lemiere
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, Caen, France
| | - A. Leredde
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - P. Mohanmurthy
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - O. Naviliat-Cuncic
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, Caen, France
| | - D. Pais
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - F. M. Piegsa
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G. Pignol
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - M. Rawlik
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D. Rebreyend
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - I. Rienäcker
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - D. Ries
- Department of Chemistry - TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Roccia
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France
| | - D. Rozpedzik
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - A. Schnabel
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Virot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - A. Weis
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - E. Wursten
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Present Address: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J. Zejma
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - G. Zsigmond
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
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8
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Abel C, Afach S, Ayres NJ, Baker CA, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Burghoff M, Chanel E, Chowdhuri Z, Chiu PJ, Clement B, Crawford CB, Daum M, Emmenegger S, Ferraris-Bouchez L, Fertl M, Flaux P, Franke B, Fratangelo A, Geltenbort P, Green K, Griffith WC, van der Grinten M, Grujić ZD, Harris PG, Hayen L, Heil W, Henneck R, Hélaine V, Hild N, Hodge Z, Horras M, Iaydjiev P, Ivanov SN, Kasprzak M, Kermaidic Y, Kirch K, Knecht A, Knowles P, Koch HC, Koss PA, Komposch S, Kozela A, Kraft A, Krempel J, Kuźniak M, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lemière Y, Leredde A, Mohanmurthy P, Mtchedlishvili A, Musgrave M, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pais D, Piegsa FM, Pierre E, Pignol G, Plonka-Spehr C, Prashanth PN, Quéméner G, Rawlik M, Rebreyend D, Rienäcker I, Ries D, Roccia S, Rogel G, Rozpedzik D, Schnabel A, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Severijns N, Shiers D, Tavakoli Dinani R, Thorne JA, Virot R, Voigt J, Weis A, Wursten E, Wyszynski G, Zejma J, Zenner J, Zsigmond G. Measurement of the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:081803. [PMID: 32167372 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.081803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present the result of an experiment to measure the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the neutron at the Paul Scherrer Institute using Ramsey's method of separated oscillating magnetic fields with ultracold neutrons. Our measurement stands in the long history of EDM experiments probing physics violating time-reversal invariance. The salient features of this experiment were the use of a ^{199}Hg comagnetometer and an array of optically pumped cesium vapor magnetometers to cancel and correct for magnetic-field changes. The statistical analysis was performed on blinded datasets by two separate groups, while the estimation of systematic effects profited from an unprecedented knowledge of the magnetic field. The measured value of the neutron EDM is d_{n}=(0.0±1.1_{stat}±0.2_{sys})×10^{-26} e.cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Abel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - S Afach
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N J Ayres
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C A Baker
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - G Ban
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14000 Caen, France
| | - G Bison
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K Bodek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - V Bondar
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Burghoff
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - E Chanel
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Z Chowdhuri
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - P-J Chiu
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - B Clement
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - C B Crawford
- University of Kentucky, 40506 Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - M Daum
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Emmenegger
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L Ferraris-Bouchez
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - M Fertl
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Flaux
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14000 Caen, France
| | - B Franke
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Fratangelo
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Geltenbort
- Institut Laue-Langevin, CS 20156 F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - K Green
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - W C Griffith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - M van der Grinten
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Z D Grujić
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P G Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - L Hayen
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - W Heil
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - R Henneck
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - V Hélaine
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14000 Caen, France
| | - N Hild
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Z Hodge
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Horras
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P Iaydjiev
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S N Ivanov
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M Kasprzak
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Y Kermaidic
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - K Kirch
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Knecht
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P Knowles
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - H-C Koch
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - P A Koss
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - S Komposch
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Kozela
- Henryk Niedwodniczanski Institute for Nuclear Physics, 31-342 Cracow, Poland
| | - A Kraft
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Krempel
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Kuźniak
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - B Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - T Lefort
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Y Lemière
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14000 Caen, France
| | - A Leredde
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - P Mohanmurthy
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - M Musgrave
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - O Naviliat-Cuncic
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14000 Caen, France
| | - D Pais
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F M Piegsa
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Pierre
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14000 Caen, France
| | - G Pignol
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - C Plonka-Spehr
- Department of Chemistry - TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - P N Prashanth
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Quéméner
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14000 Caen, France
| | - M Rawlik
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D Rebreyend
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - I Rienäcker
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D Ries
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry - TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Roccia
- Institut Laue-Langevin, CS 20156 F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- CSNSM, Université Paris Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay Campus, France
| | - G Rogel
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14000 Caen, France
| | - D Rozpedzik
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - A Schnabel
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - N Severijns
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Shiers
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - R Tavakoli Dinani
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J A Thorne
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics and Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - R Virot
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - J Voigt
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Weis
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - E Wursten
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Wyszynski
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zejma
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zenner
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry - TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - G Zsigmond
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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9
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Bodek K, De Keukeleere L, Kolodziej M, Kozela A, Kuzniak M, Lojek K, Perkowski M, Przybilski H, Pysz K, Rozpedzik D, Severijns N, Soldner T, Young A, Zejma J. BRAND – Search for BSM physics at TeV scale by exploring transverse polarization of electrons emitted in neutron decay. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921904001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutron and nuclear beta decay correlation coefficients are linearly sensitive to the exotic scalar and tensor interactions that are not included in the Standard Model (SM). The proposed experiment will measure simultaneously 11 neutron correlation coefficients (a, a, B, D, H, L, N, R, S, U, V) where 7 of them (H, L, N, R, S, U, V) depend on the transverse electron polarization – a quantity that vanishes for the SM weak interaction. The neutron decay correlation coefficients H, L, S, U, V were never attempted experimentally before. The expected ultimate sensitivity of the proposed experiment that currently takes off on the cold neutron beamline PF1B at the Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France, is comparable to that of the planned electron spectrum shape measurements in neutron and nuclear β decays but offers completely different systematics and additional sensitivity to imaginary parts of the scalar and tensor couplings.
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10
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Abel C, Ayres N, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Chanel E, Chiu PJ, Daum M, Emmenegger S, Ferraris-Bouchez L, Flaux P, Griffith W, Harris P, Hild N, Kermaidic Y, Kirch K, Koss P, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lemiere Y, Leredde A, Mohanmurthy P, Musgrave M, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pais D, Piegsa F, Pignol G, Rawlik M, Rebreyend D, Ries D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Severijns N, Thorne J, Virot R, Voigt J, Weis A, Wursten E, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. nEDM experiment at PSI: Data-taking strategy and sensitivity of the dataset. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921902001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the strategy used to optimize the sensitivity of our search for a neutron electric dipole moment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. Measurements were made upon ultracold neutrons stored within a single chamber at the heart of our apparatus. A mercury cohabiting magnetometer together with an array of cesium magnetometers were used to monitor the magnetic field, which was controlled and shaped by a series of precision field coils. In addition to details of the setup itself, we describe the chosen path to realize an appropriate balance between achieving the highest statistical sensitivity alongside the necessary control on systematic effects. The resulting irreducible sensitivity is better than 1 × 10−26e cm. This contribution summarizes in a single coherent picture the results of the most recent publications of the collaboration.
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11
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Abel C, Ayres N, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Chiu PJ, Daum M, Emmenegger S, Flaux P, Ferraris-Bouchez L, Griffith W, Grujić Z, Hild N, Kirch K, Koss P, Kozela A, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Leredde A, Mohanmurthy P, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pais D, Piegsa F, Pignol G, Rawlik M, Rebreyend D, Ries D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Severijns N, Thorne J, Virot R, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. Statistical sensitivity of the nEDM apparatus at PSI to n − n′ oscillations. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921907001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neutron and its hypothetical mirror counterpart, a sterile state degenerate in mass, could spontaneously mix in a process much faster than the neutron β-decay. Two groups have performed a series of experiments in search of neutron – mirror-neutron (n − n′) oscillations. They reported no evidence, thereby setting stringent limits on the oscillation time τnn′. Later, these data sets have been further analyzed by Berezhiani et al.(2009–2017), and signals, compatible with n − n′ oscillations in the presence of mirror magnetic fields, have been reported. The Neutron Electric Dipole Moment Collaboration based at the Paul Scherrer Institute performed a new series of experiments to further test these signals. In this paper, we describe and motivate our choice of run configurations with an optimal filling time of 29 s, storage times of 180 s and 380 s, and applied magnetic fields of 10 μT and 20 μT. The choice of these run configurations ensures a reliable overlap in settings with the previous efforts and also improves the sensitivity to test the signals. We also elaborate on the technique of normalizing the neutron counts, making such a counting experiment at the ultra-cold neutron source at the Paul Scherrer Institute possible. Furthermore, the magnetic field characterization to meet the requirements of this n − n′ oscillation search is demonstrated. Finally, we show that this effort has a statistical sensitivity to n − n′ oscillations comparable to the current leading constraints for B′ = 0.
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12
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Abel C, Ayres NJ, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Bondar V, Chanel E, Chiu PJ, Clement B, Crawford C, Daum M, Emmenegger S, Flaux P, Ferraris-Bouchez L, Griffith W, Grujić Z, Harris P, Heil W, Hild N, Kirch K, Koss P, Kozela A, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lemière Y, Leredde A, Mohanmurthy P, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pais D, Piegsa F, Pignol G, Rawlik M, Rebreyend D, Ries D, Roccia S, Ross K, Rozpedzik D, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Schnabel A, Severijns N, Thorne J, Virot R, Voigt J, Weis A, Wursten E, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. The n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921902002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the new spectrometer for the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) search at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), called n2EDM. The setup is at room temperature in vacuum using ultracold neutrons. n2EDM features a large UCN double storage chamber design with neutron transport adapted to the PSI UCN source. The design builds on experience gained from the previous apparatus operated at PSI until 2017. An order of magnitude increase in sensitivity is calculated for the new baseline setup based on scalable results from the previous apparatus, and the UCN source performance achieved in 2016.
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13
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Abstract
The energy spectrum of ultra-cold neutrons (UCN) is very often a key point to determine the systematic effects in precision measurements utilizing UCN. The proposed novel method allows the in-situ measurements of the UCN velocity distribution and its time evolution. In addition, the proposed UCN spectrometer can be a handy diagnostic tool for monitoring the UCN spectrum in critical places in the transport system connecting an UCN source with experiments. In this paper, we present the preliminary results from measurements and simulations using the oscillating UCN spectrometer at the PSI UCN source.
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14
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Parol W, Kozela A, Ciepał I, Bodek K, Jamroz B, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Khatri G, Kistryn S, Kłos B, Kuboś J, Kulessa P, Magiera A, Mazumdar I, Messchendorp J, Rozpędzik D, Rusnok A, Skwira-Chalot I, Stephan E, Wilczek A, Włoch B, Wrońska A, Zejma J. Contribution of three nucleon force investigated in deuteron-proton breakup reaction. EPJ Web Conf 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201613007019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Afach S, Ayres NJ, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Chowdhuri Z, Daum M, Fertl M, Franke B, Griffith WC, Grujić ZD, Harris PG, Heil W, Hélaine V, Kasprzak M, Kermaidic Y, Kirch K, Knowles P, Koch HC, Komposch S, Kozela A, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lemière Y, Mtchedlishvili A, Musgrave M, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pendlebury JM, Piegsa FM, Pignol G, Plonka-Spehr C, Prashanth PN, Quéméner G, Rawlik M, Rebreyend D, Ries D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Severijns N, Thorne JA, Weis A, Wursten E, Wyszynski G, Zejma J, Zenner J, Zsigmond G. Observation of Gravitationally Induced Vertical Striation of Polarized Ultracold Neutrons by Spin-Echo Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:162502. [PMID: 26550870 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.162502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe a spin-echo method for ultracold neutrons (UCNs) confined in a precession chamber and exposed to a |B0|=1 μT magnetic field. We have demonstrated that the analysis of UCN spin-echo resonance signals in combination with knowledge of the ambient magnetic field provides an excellent method by which to reconstruct the energy spectrum of a confined ensemble of neutrons. The method takes advantage of the relative dephasing of spins arising from a gravitationally induced striation of stored UCNs of different energies, and also permits an improved determination of the vertical magnetic-field gradient with an exceptional accuracy of 1.1 pT/cm. This novel combination of a well-known nuclear resonance method and gravitationally induced vertical striation is unique in the realm of nuclear and particle physics and should prove to be invaluable for the assessment of systematic effects in precision experiments such as searches for an electric dipole moment of the neutron or the measurement of the neutron lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Afach
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - N J Ayres
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - G Ban
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - G Bison
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K Bodek
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Z Chowdhuri
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Daum
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Fertl
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - B Franke
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - W C Griffith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - Z D Grujić
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - P G Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - W Heil
- Institut für Physik, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - V Hélaine
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - M Kasprzak
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Y Kermaidic
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - K Kirch
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P Knowles
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - H-C Koch
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institut für Physik, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Komposch
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Kozela
- Henryk Niedwodniczanski Institute for Nuclear Physics, 31-342 Cracow, Poland
| | - J Krempel
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - B Lauss
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - T Lefort
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Y Lemière
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | | | - M Musgrave
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - O Naviliat-Cuncic
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - J M Pendlebury
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - F M Piegsa
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - G Pignol
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - C Plonka-Spehr
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - P N Prashanth
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Quéméner
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - M Rawlik
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D Rebreyend
- LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - D Ries
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Roccia
- CSNSM, Université Paris Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405 Orsay Campus, France
| | - D Rozpedzik
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | | | - N Severijns
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - J A Thorne
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - A Weis
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - E Wursten
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Wyszynski
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zejma
- Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zenner
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institut für Kernchemie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - G Zsigmond
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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16
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Afach S, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Chowdhuri Z, Grujić ZD, Hayen L, Hélaine V, Kasprzak M, Kirch K, Knowles P, Koch HC, Komposch S, Kozela A, Krempel J, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lemière Y, Mtchedlishvili A, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Piegsa FM, Prashanth PN, Quéméner G, Rawlik M, Ries D, Roccia S, Rozpedzik D, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Severjins N, Weis A, Wursten E, Wyszynski G, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. Highly stable atomic vector magnetometer based on free spin precession. Opt Express 2015; 23:22108-22115. [PMID: 26368184 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.022108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a magnetometer based on optically pumped Cs atoms that measures the magnitude and direction of a 1 μT magnetic field. Multiple circularly polarized laser beams were used to probe the free spin precession of the Cs atoms. The design was optimized for long-time stability and achieves a scalar resolution better than 300 fT for integration times ranging from 80 ms to 1000 s. The best scalar resolution of less than 80 fT was reached with integration times of 1.6 to 6 s. We were able to measure the magnetic field direction with a resolution better than 10 μrad for integration times from 10 s up to 2000 s.
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17
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Parol W, Kozela A, Ciepał I, Kłos B, Bodek K, Golak J, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Khatri G, Kistryn S, Kulessa P, Magiera A, Mazumdar I, Messchendorp J, Rozpędzik D, Skibiński R, Skwira-Chalot I, Stephan E, Witała H, Wrońska A, Zejma J. Investigation of three nucleon force effects in deuteron-proton breakup reaction. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20148106007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Khatri G, Bodek K, Ciepał I, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Kistryn S, Kłos B, Kozela A, Magiera A, Mazumdar I, Messchendorp J, Parol W, Rozpȩdzik D, Skwira-Chalot I, Stephan E, Wrońska A, Zejma J. Experimental Investigation of the Few-Nucleon Dynamics in Deuteron-Deuteron Collision at 160 MeV. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20148106006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Ciepał I, Kłos B, Stephan E, Kistryn S, Biegun A, Bodek K, Deltuva A, Epelbaum E, Eslami-Kalantari M, Fonseca AC, Golak J, Jha V, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Kamada H, Khatri G, Kirillov D, Kirillov D, Kliczewski S, Kozela A, Kravcikova M, Machner H, Magiera A, Martinska G, Messchendorp J, Nogga A, Parol W, Ramazani-Moghaddam-Arani A, Roy BJ, Sakai H, Sekiguchi K, Sitnik I, Siudak R, Skibiński R, Sworst R, Urban J, Witała H, Zejma J. Studies of the Three-Nucleon System Dynamics in the Deuteron-Proton Breakup Reaction. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146603019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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20
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Ciepał I, Kłos B, Kistryn S, Stephan E, Biegun A, Bodek K, Deltuva A, Epelbaum E, Eslami-Kalantari M, Fonseca AC, Golak J, Jha V, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Kamada H, Khatri G, Kirillov D, Kirillov D, Kliczewski S, Kozela A, Kravcikova M, Machner H, Magiera A, Martinska G, Messchendorp J, Nogga A, Parol W, Ramazani-Moghaddam-Arani A, Roy BJ, Sakai H, Sekiguchi K, Sitnik I, Siudak R, Skibiński R, Sworst R, Urban J, Witała H, Wrońska A, Zejma J. Studies of the Three-Nucleon System Dynamics in the Deuteron-Proton Breakup Reaction. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20123709011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Baker C, Ban G, Bodek K, Burghoff M, Chowdhuri Z, Daum M, Fertl M, Franke B, Geltenbort P, Green K, van der Grinten M, Gutsmiedl E, Harris P, Henneck R, Iaydjiev P, Ivanov S, Khomutov N, Kasprzak M, Kirch K, Kistryn S, Knappe-Gr̈uneberg S, Knecht A, Knowles P, Kozela A, Lauss B, Lefort T, Lemi‘ere Y, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pendlebury J, Pierre E, Piegsa F, Pignol G, Qúeḿener G, Roccia S, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Shiers D, Smith K, Schnabel A, Trahms L, Weis A, Zejma J, Zenner J, Zsigmond G. The search for the neutron electric dipole moment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2011.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Stephan E, Kistryn S, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Biegun A, Bodek K, Ciepał I, Kiš M, Kłos B, Kozela A, Mahjour-Shafiei M, Micherdzińska A, Sworst R, Zejma J, Zipper W. Analyzing Powers of the Deuteron-Proton Breakup in a Wide Phase Space Region. EPJ Web of Conferences 2010. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20100305009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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23
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Altarev I, Baker CA, Ban G, Bison G, Bodek K, Daum M, Fierlinger P, Geltenbort P, Green K, van der Grinten MGD, Gutsmiedl E, Harris PG, Heil W, Henneck R, Horras M, Iaydjiev P, Ivanov SN, Khomutov N, Kirch K, Kistryn S, Knecht A, Knowles P, Kozela A, Kuchler F, Kuźniak M, Lauer T, Lauss B, Lefort T, Mtchedlishvili A, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pazgalev A, Pendlebury JM, Petzoldt G, Pierre E, Pignol G, Quéméner G, Rebetez M, Rebreyend D, Roccia S, Rogel G, Severijns N, Shiers D, Sobolev Y, Weis A, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. Test of Lorentz invariance with spin precession of ultracold neutrons. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:081602. [PMID: 19792714 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.081602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A clock comparison experiment, analyzing the ratio of spin precession frequencies of stored ultracold neutrons and 199Hg atoms, is reported. No daily variation of this ratio could be found, from which is set an upper limit on the Lorentz invariance violating cosmic anisotropy field b perpendicular < 2 x 10(-20) eV (95% C.L.). This is the first limit for the free neutron. This result is also interpreted as a direct limit on the gravitational dipole moment of the neutron |gn| < 0.3 eV/c2 m from a spin-dependent interaction with the Sun. Analyzing the gravitational interaction with the Earth, based on previous data, yields a more stringent limit |gn| < 3 x 10(-4) eV/c2 m.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Altarev
- Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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24
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Kozela A, Ban G, Białek A, Bodek K, Gorel P, Kirch K, Kistryn S, Kuźniak M, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pulut J, Severijns N, Stephan E, Zejma J. Measurement of the transverse polarization of electrons emitted in free-neutron decay. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:172301. [PMID: 19518775 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.172301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Both components of the transverse polarization of electrons (sigmaT1, sigmaT2) emitted in the beta-decay of polarized, free neutrons have been measured. The T-odd, P-odd correlation coefficient quantifying sigmaT2, perpendicular to the neutron polarization and electron momentum, was found to be R=0.008+/-0.015+/-0.005. This value is consistent with time reversal invariance and significantly improves limits on the relative strength of imaginary scalar couplings in the weak interaction. The value obtained for the correlation coefficient associated with sigmaT1, N=0.056+/-0.011+/-0.005, agrees with the Standard Model expectation, providing an important sensitivity test of the experimental setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kozela
- Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
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25
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Atchison F, Blau B, Bodek K, van den Brandt B, Bryś T, Daum M, Fierlinger P, Frei A, Geltenbort P, Hautle P, Henneck R, Heule S, Holley A, Kasprzak M, Kirch K, Knecht A, Konter JA, Kuźniak M, Liu CY, Morris CL, Pichlmaier A, Plonka C, Pokotilovski Y, Saunders A, Shin Y, Tortorella D, Wohlmuther M, Young AR, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. Cold neutron energy dependent production of ultracold neutrons in solid deuterium. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:262502. [PMID: 18233572 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.262502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A measurement of the production of ultracold neutrons from velocity-selected cold neutrons on gaseous and solid deuterium targets is reported. The expected energy dependence for two-particle collisions with well defined neutron and Maxwell-Boltzmann distributed molecular velocities is found for the gas target. The solid target data agree in shape with the phonon density-of-states curve and provide strong evidence for the phonon model including multiphonon excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Atchison
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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26
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Ban G, Bodek K, Daum M, Henneck R, Heule S, Kasprzak M, Khomutov N, Kirch K, Kistryn S, Knecht A, Knowles P, Kuźniak M, Lefort T, Mtchedlishvili A, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Plonka C, Quéméner G, Rebetez M, Rebreyend D, Roccia S, Rogel G, Tur M, Weis A, Zejma J, Zsigmond G. Direct experimental limit on neutron-mirror-neutron oscillations. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:161603. [PMID: 17995237 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.161603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In case a mirror world with a copy of our ordinary particle spectrum would exist, the neutron n and its degenerate partner, the mirror neutron n', could potentially mix and undergo nn' oscillations. The interaction of an ordinary magnetic field with the ordinary neutron would lift the degeneracy between the mirror partners, diminish the n' amplitude in the n wave function and, thus, suppress its observability. We report an experimental comparison of ultracold neutron storage in a trap with and without superimposed magnetic field. No influence of the magnetic field is found and, assuming negligible mirror magnetic fields, a limit on the oscillation time taunn' > 103 s (95% C.L.) is derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ban
- LPC Caen, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS/IN2P3, Caen, France
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27
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Cialkowska-Rysz A, Kazmierczak-Lukaszewicz S, Leppert W, Samczewska G, Bodek K. 788 LOCAL ANALGESIC EFFECT OF MORPHINE. Eur J Pain 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(06)60791-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Atchison F, Blau B, van den Brandt B, Bryś T, Daum M, Fierlinger P, Hautle P, Henneck R, Heule S, Kirch K, Kohlbrecher J, Kühne G, Konter JA, Pichlmaier A, Wokaun A, Bodek K, Kasprzak M, Kuźniak M, Geltenbort P, Zmeskal J. Measured total cross sections of slow neutrons scattered by solid deuterium and implications for ultracold neutron sources. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:182502. [PMID: 16383898 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.182502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The total scattering cross sections for slow neutrons with energies in the range 100 neV to 3 meV for solid ortho-2H2 at 18 and 5 K, frozen from the liquid, have been measured. The 18 K cross sections are found to be in excellent agreement with theoretical expectations and for ultracold neutrons dominated by thermal up scattering. At 5 K the total scattering cross sections are found to be dominated by the crystal defects originating in temperature induced stress but not deteriorated by temperature cycles between 5 and 10 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Atchison
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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29
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Atchison F, Bodek K, van den Brandt B, Bryś T, Daum M, Fierlinger P, Geltenbort P, Giersch M, Hautle P, Hino M, Henneck R, Kasprzak M, Kirch K, Kohlbrecher J, Konter JA, Kühne G, Kuźniak M, Mishima K, Pichlmaier A, Rätz D, Serebrov A, Utsuro M, Wokaun A, Zmeskal J. Investigation of Solid D 2 for UCN Sources. J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol 2005; 110:491-494. [PMID: 27308173 PMCID: PMC4852814 DOI: 10.6028/jres.110.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2004] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Solid deuterium (sD2) will be used for the production of ultra-cold neutrons (UCN) in a new generation of UCN sources. Scattering cross sections of UCN in sD2 determine the source yield but until now have not been investigated. We report first results from transmission and scattering experiments with cold, very cold and ultra-cold neutrons on sD2 along with light transmission and Raman scattering studies showing the influence of the sD2 crystal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Atchison
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - K Bodek
- Jagellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - T Bryś
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M Daum
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - M Giersch
- Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Hautle
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M Hino
- Research Reactor Inst., Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
| | - R Henneck
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - K Kirch
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - J A Konter
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - G Kühne
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M Kuźniak
- Jagellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - K Mishima
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - D Rätz
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - A Serebrov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, RussiaPaul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M Utsuro
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka, JapanResearch Reactor Inst., Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Wokaun
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, SwitzerlandETH, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J Zmeskal
- Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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30
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Bodek K, Ban G, Beck M, Bialek A, Bryś T, Czarnecki A, Fetscher W, Gorel P, Kirch K, Kistryn S, Kozela A, Kuźniak M, Lindroth A, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pulut J, Serebrov A, Severijns N, Stephan E, Zejma J. Search for Time Reversal Violating Effects: R-Correlation Measurement in Neutron Decay. J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol 2005; 110:461-464. [PMID: 27308168 PMCID: PMC4852815 DOI: 10.6028/jres.110.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2004] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An experiment aiming at the simultaneous determination of both transversal polarization components of electrons emitted in the decay of free neutrons begins data taking using the polarized cold neutron beam (FUNSPIN) from the Swiss Neutron Spallation Source (SINQ) at the Paul-Scherrer Institute, Villigen. A non-zero value of R due to the e(-) polarization component, which is perpendicular to the plane spanned by the spin of the decaying neutron and the electron momentum, would signal a violation of time reversal symmetry and thus physics beyond the Standard Model. Present status of the project and the results from analysis of the first data sample will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bodek
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - G Ban
- Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Caen, France
| | - M Beck
- Catholic University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Bialek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Bryś
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - W Fetscher
- Institute of Particle Physics, ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P Gorel
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - K Kirch
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - St Kistryn
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - A Kozela
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Cracow, Poland
| | - M Kuźniak
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | | | | | - J Pulut
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, PolandPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandCatholic University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Serebrov
- St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | | | - E Stephan
- University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - J Zejma
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
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31
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Atchison F, van den Brandt B, Bryś T, Daum M, Fierlinger P, Hautle P, Henneck R, Kirch K, Kohlbrecher J, Kühne G, Konter JA, Pichlmaier A, Wokaun A, Bodek K, Kasprzak M, Kuźniak M, Geltenbort P, Giersch M, Zmeskal J, Hino M, Utsuro M. Measured total cross sections of slow neutrons scattered by gaseous and liquid 2H(2). Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:212502. [PMID: 16090315 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.212502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The total scattering cross sections for slow neutrons with energies E in the range 300 neV to 3 meV for gaseous and liquid ortho-2H2 have been measured. The cross sections for 2H2 gas are found to be in excellent agreement with both the Hamermesh and Schwinger and the Young and Koppel models. For liquid 2H(2), we confirm the existing experimental data in the cold neutron range and the discrepancy with the gas models. We find a clear 1 / square root[E'] dependence at low energies for both states. A simple explanation for the liquid 2H2 cross section is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Atchison
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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32
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Ban G, Fléchard X, Labalme M, Lefort T, Liénard E, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Fierlinger P, Kirch K, Bodek K, Geltenbort P. First Tests of (6) Li Doped Glass Scintillators for Ultracold Neutron Detection. J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol 2005; 110:283-288. [PMID: 27308137 PMCID: PMC4849583 DOI: 10.6028/jres.110.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2004] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of test measurements aimed at determining the performances of (6)Li doped glass scintillators for the detection of ultra-cold neutrons. Four types of scintillators, GS1, GS3, GS10 and GS20, which differ by their (6)Li concentrations, have been tested. The signal to background separation is fully acceptable. The relative detection efficiencies have been determined as a function of the neutron velocity. We find that GS10 has a higher efficiency than the others for the detection of neutrons with velocities below 7 m/s. Two pieces of scintillators have been irradiated with a high flux of cold neutrons to test the radiation hardness of the glasses. No reduction in the pulse height has been observed up to an absorbed neutron dose of 1 × 10(13) cm(-3).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ban
- Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, CNRS(IN2P3)-ENSI, F-14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - X Fléchard
- Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, CNRS(IN2P3)-ENSI, F-14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - M Labalme
- Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, CNRS(IN2P3)-ENSI, F-14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - T Lefort
- Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, CNRS(IN2P3)-ENSI, F-14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - E Liénard
- Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, CNRS(IN2P3)-ENSI, F-14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - O Naviliat-Cuncic
- Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, CNRS(IN2P3)-ENSI, F-14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - P Fierlinger
- Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K Kirch
- Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K Bodek
- Institute of Physics, Jegellonian University, PL-30059 Cracow, Poland
| | - P Geltenbort
- Institut Laue-Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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33
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Danneberg N, Fetscher W, Köhler KU, Lang J, Schweizer T, von Allmen A, Bodek K, Jarczyk L, Kistryn S, Smyrski J, Strzałkowski A, Zejma J, Kirch K, Kozela A, Stephan E. Muon decay: measurement of the transverse polarization of the decay positrons and its implications for the fermi coupling constant and time reversal invariance. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:021802. [PMID: 15698163 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.021802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2004] [Revised: 10/28/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The two transverse polarization components P(T1) and P(T2) of the e(+) from the decay of polarized mu(+) have been measured as a function of the e(+) energy. Their energy averaged values are P(T1)=(6.3+/-7.7+/-3.4) x 10(-3) and P(T2)=(-3.7+/-7.7+/-3.4) x 10(-3). From the energy dependence of P(T1) and P(T2) the decay parameters eta,eta('') and alpha(')/A,beta(')/A are derived, respectively. Assuming only one additional coupling besides the dominant V-A interaction one gets improved limits on eta, beta(')/A, and the scalar coupling constant g(S)(RR): eta=(-2.1+/-7.0+/-1.0) x 10(-3), beta(')/A=(-1.3+/-3.5+/-0.6) x 10(-3), Re{g(S)(RR)}=(-4.2+/-14.0+/-2.0) x 10(-3), and Im{g(S)(RR)}=(5.2+/-14.0+/-2.4) x 10(-3).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Danneberg
- Institute for Particle Physics (IPP), ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Huber R, Lang J, Navert S, Sromicki J, Bodek K, Kistryn S, Zejma J, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Stephan E, Haeberli W. Search for time-reversal violation in the beta decay of polarized 8Li nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:202301. [PMID: 12785884 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The transverse polarization of electrons emitted in the beta decay of polarized 8Li nuclei has been measured. For the time-reversal violating triple correlation parameter we find R=(0.9+/-2.2)x10(-3). This result is in agreement with the standard model and yields improved constraints on exotic tensor contributions to the weak interaction. Combined with other experimental results and using a model for the coupling constants, a new limit for the mass of a possible scalar leptoquark, m(LQ)>560 GeV/c(2) (90% C.L.), is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Huber
- Institut für Teilchenphysik, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Bodek K, Jarczyk L, Kamys B, Porebska M, Sromicki J, Strazalkowski A, Hugi M, Lang J, Muller R, Ungricht E, Balzer D. Nuclear reactions in the13C+9Be system at CM energies around 11.6 MeV. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4616/6/8/010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Jarczyk L, Kamys B, Magiera A, Strzalkowski A, Szczurek A, Bodek K, Hugi M, Lang J, Muller R, Ungricht E. Reactions in the9Be+9Be system at low energies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4616/11/7/009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Sromicki J, Allet M, Bodek K, Hajdas W, Lang J, Müller R, Navert S, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Zejma J, Haeberli W. Study of time reversal violation in beta decay of polarized 8Li. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1996; 53:932-955. [PMID: 9971015 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.53.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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38
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Allet M, Bodek K, Hajdas W, Lang J, Müller R, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Sromicki J, Zejma J, Jarczyk L, Kistryn S, Smyrski J, Strzalkowski A, Glöckle W, Golak J, Witala H, Dechant B, Krug J, Schmelzbach PA. Cross section and analyzing power Ay in the breakup reaction 2H(p. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 50:602-613. [PMID: 9969700 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.50.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Stephan M, Bodek K, Krug J, Lübcke W, Obermanns S, Rühl H, Steinke M, Kamke D, Witala H, Cornelius T, Glöckle W. Neutron-induced deuteron breakup cross section at 10.3 MeV. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1989; 39:2133-2137. [PMID: 9955454 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.39.2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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