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Chaurembo AI, Xing N, Chanda F, Li Y, Zhang HJ, Fu LD, Huang JY, Xu YJ, Deng WH, Cui HD, Tong XY, Shu C, Lin HB, Lin KX. Mitofilin in cardiovascular diseases: Insights into the pathogenesis and potential pharmacological interventions. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107164. [PMID: 38569981 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is increasing. However, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear. Mitochondria produce cellular energy through oxidative phosphorylation while regulating calcium homeostasis, cellular respiration, and the production of biosynthetic chemicals. Nevertheless, problems related to cardiac energy metabolism, defective mitochondrial proteins, mitophagy, and structural changes in mitochondrial membranes can cause cardiovascular diseases via mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitofilin is a critical inner mitochondrial membrane protein that maintains cristae structure and facilitates protein transport while linking the inner mitochondrial membrane, outer mitochondrial membrane, and mitochondrial DNA transcription. Researchers believe that mitofilin may be a therapeutic target for treating cardiovascular diseases, particularly cardiac mitochondrial dysfunctions. In this review, we highlight current findings regarding the role of mitofilin in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and potential therapeutic compounds targeting mitofilin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Iddy Chaurembo
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Xing
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Francis Chanda
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Juan Zhang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Li-Dan Fu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun-Jing Xu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Hui Deng
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Dong Cui
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin-Yue Tong
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Shu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Food Science College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Han-Bin Lin
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Kai-Xuan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Xing N, Long XT, Zhang HJ, Fu LD, Huang JY, Chaurembo AI, Chanda F, Xu YJ, Shu C, Lin KX, Yang K, Lin HB. Research progress on effects of traditional Chinese medicine on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: A review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1055248. [PMID: 36561346 PMCID: PMC9763941 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1055248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a high-risk disease in the middle-aged and elderly population. The ischemic heart may be further damaged after reperfusion therapy with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and other methods, namely, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), which further affects revascularization and hinders patient rehabilitation. Therefore, the investigation of new therapies against MIRI has drawn great global attention. Within the long history of the prevention and treatment of MIRI, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has increasingly been recognized by the scientific community for its multi-component and multi-target effects. These multi-target effects provide a conspicuous advantage to the anti-MIRI of TCM to overcome the shortcomings of single-component drugs, thereby pointing toward a novel avenue for the treatment of MIRI. However, very few reviews have summarized the currently available anti-MIRI of TCM. Therefore, a systematic data mining of TCM for protecting against MIRI will certainly accelerate the processes of drug discovery and help to identify safe candidates with synergistic formulations. The present review aims to describe TCM-based research in MIRI treatment through electronic retrieval of articles, patents, and ethnopharmacology documents. This review reported the progress of research on the active ingredients, efficacy, and underlying mechanism of anti-MIRI in TCM and TCM formulas, provided scientific support to the clinical use of TCM in the treatment of MIRI, and revealed the corresponding clinical significance and development prospects of TCM in treating MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xing
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Long
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hui-Juan Zhang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Li-Dan Fu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,College of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Abdallah Iddy Chaurembo
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Francis Chanda
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Jing Xu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Shu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Kai-Xuan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated with Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Ke Yang, ; Han-Bin Lin,
| | - Han-Bin Lin
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM CAS, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Ke Yang, ; Han-Bin Lin,
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Qiao YY, Lin KX, Zhang Z, Zhang DJ, Shi CH, Xiong M, Qu XH, Zhao XH. Monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy with circulating tumor cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A case report. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:7921-7928. [PMID: 26167094 PMCID: PMC4491981 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i25.7921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether changes in circulating tumor cell (CTC) numbers reflect tumor progression and treatment efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A 47-year-old male patient with ESCC is presented in this case study. The patient was evaluated for a series of serum tumor markers and subjected to radiological examinations before and after surgery and during follow-up over the course of five years. In addition, the CTCs in 7.5 mL of peripheral blood were enriched by magnetic-activated cell sorting negative selection and identified by immunofluorescence staining. Serum tumor markers remained within normal ranges and were discordant with imaging scans during the follow-up. Initially, one CTC was detected in the peripheral blood sample, and 14 were observed seven days after the operation. After 12 wk, subcutaneous metastases and bone metastases occurred, and the number of CTCs increased to 84. After 48 wk, lung metastases were noted, and the CTC level was 21. At 104 wk, the number of CTCs was 14, and disease recurrence was detected by positron emission tomography-computed tomography. The CTC counts were in accord with the imaging studies at several time points. The additional information provided by CTC enumeration could thus facilitate monitoring of disease status and treatment efficacy and provide support for treatment decisions.
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Mu H, Lin KX, Zhao H, Xing S, Li C, Liu F, Lu HZ, Zhang Z, Sun YL, Yan XY, Cai JQ, Zhao XH. Identification of biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma by semiquantitative immunocytochemistry. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:5826-5838. [PMID: 24914343 PMCID: PMC4024792 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i19.5826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression of key biomarkers in hepatoma cell lines, tumor cells from patients’ blood samples, and tumor tissues.
METHODS: We performed the biomarker tests in two steps. First, cells plated on coverslips were used to assess biomarkers, and fluorescence intensities were calculated using the NIH Image J software. The measured values were analyzed using the SPSS 19.0 software to make comparisons among eight cell lines. Second, eighty-four individual samples were used to assess the biomarkers’ expression. Negative enrichment of the blood samples was performed, and karyocytes were isolated and dropped onto pre-treated glass slides for further analysis by immunofluorescence staining. Fluorescence intensities were compared among hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, chronic HBV-infected patients, and healthy controls following methods similar to those used for cell lines. The relationships between the expression of biomarkers and clinical pathological parameters were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation tests. In addition, we studied the distinct biomarkers’ expression with three-dimensional laser confocal microscopy reconstructions, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to understand the clinical significance of these biomarkers.
RESULTS: Microscopic examination and fluorescence intensity calculations indicated that cytokeratin 8/18/19 (CK) expression was significantly higher in six of the seven HCC cell lines examined than in the control cells, and the expression levels of asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) and glypican-3 (GPC3) were higher in all seven HCC cell lines than in the control. Cells obtained from HCC patients’ blood samples also displayed significantly higher expression levels of ASGPR, GPC3, and CK than cells from chronic HBV-infected patients or healthy controls; these proteins may be valuable surface biomarkers for identifying HCC circulating tumor cells isolated and enriched from the blood samples. The stem cell-like and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related biomarkers could be detected on the karyocyte slides. ASGPR and GPC3 were expressed at high levels, and thus three-dimensional reconstructions were used to observe their expression in detail. This analysis indicated that GPC3 was localized in the cytoplasm and membrane, but that ASGPR had a polar localization. Survival analyses showed that expression of GPC3 and ASGPR is associated with a patient’s overall survival (OS).
CONCLUSION: ASGPR, GPC3, and CK may be valuable HCC biomarkers for CTC detection; the expression of ASGPR and GPC3 might be helpful for understanding patients’ OS.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Asialoglycoprotein Receptor/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glypicans/metabolism
- Hepatitis B virus
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Keratin-18/metabolism
- Keratin-19/metabolism
- Keratin-8/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism
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Lin KX, Wang CZ, Qian GS. [Effect of Tripterygium wilfordii on Th1, Th2 cytokines production in asthma patients]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2001; 21:22-4. [PMID: 12577371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Tripterygium wilfordii on Th1, Th2 cytokines in asthma patients for further study on the therapeutic mechanism. METHODS Twelve patients of middle or severe asthma were treated by Tripterygium polyglucoside 40 mg or 60 mg daily for 4 weeks. Blood of patients was colleted before and after treatment for serum and peripherol blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) preparation. The prepared PBMCs were stimulted in vitro with Concanavalin A (ConA) for 6 hrs and followed by culturing with Triptolide for 24 hrs and then the supernatant was collected. The concentration of interleukin-2(IL-2), -4(IL-4), -5(IL-5) and interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma) in serum and in the supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Serum levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5 of patients decreased significantly after treatment of Tripterygium polyglucoside (P < 0.01), but IFN-gamma level was under the detection sensitivity both before and after treatment. Triptolide could inhibit PBMC to secrete IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5 in vitro (P < 0.01), but IFN-gamma was also under the detection sensitivity. CONCLUSION The marked inhibition of Th2 cytokine expression by Tripterygium was the important mechanism of it in treating asthma. But the fact that Tripterygium also showed inhibition on Th1 cytokine indicated that the inhibition of Tripterygium on Th2 and Th1 cytokines was non-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- K X Lin
- Institute of Internal Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Medical University of PLA, Chongqing 400037
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