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Patil K, Sher G, Kuttikrishnan S, Moton S, Alam M, Buddenkotte J, Ahmad A, Steinhoff M, Uddin S. The cross-talk between miRNAs and JAK/STAT pathway in cutaneous T cell lymphoma: Emphasis on therapeutic opportunities. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:239-249. [PMID: 36216715 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Mycosis Fungoides (MF) and Sézary Syndrome (SS) belong to a wide spectrum of T cell lymphoproliferative disorders collectively termed cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL). CTCLs represent an archetype of heterogeneous and dynamically variable lymphoproliferative neoplasms typified by distinct clinical, histological, immunophenotypic, and genetic features. Owing to its complex dynamics, the pathogenesis of CTCL remains elusive. However, in recent years, progress in CTCL classification combined with next-generation sequencing analyses has broadened the genetic and epigenetic spectrum of clearly defined CTCL entities such as MF and SS. Several large-scale genome studies have identified the polygenic nature of CTCL and unveiled an idiosyncratic mutational landscape involving genetic aberrations, epigenetic alterations, cell cycle dysregulation, apoptosis, and the constitutive activation of T cell/NF-κB/JAK-STAT signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the evolving insights on how the intrinsic epigenetic events driven by dysregulated miRNAs, including the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs, influence the pathogenesis of MF and SS. We also focus on the interplay between the JAK/STAT pathway and miRNAs in CTCL as well as the significance of the miRNA/STAT axis as a relevant pathogenetic mechanism underlying CTCL initiation and progression. Based on these biologic insights, the current status and recent progress on novel therapies with a strong biological rationale, including miRNA-targeted molecules and JAK/STAT-targeted therapy for CTCL management, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Patil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Gulab Sher
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Safwan Moton
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33200, USA
| | - Majid Alam
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Medical School, Doha 24144, Qatar; Dept. of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York 10065, New York, USA.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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Patil K, Khan AQ, Ahmad F, Kuttikrishnan S, Anver R, Mateo JM, Ahmad A, Bhat AA, Buddenkotte J, Steinhoff M, Uddin S. Sanguinarine Triggers Apoptosis in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells through Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Signaling Pathway. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2024; 29:40. [PMID: 38287817 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2901040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benzophenanthridine Sanguinarine (Sng) is one of the most abundant root alkaloids with a long history of investigation and pharmaceutical applications. The cytotoxicity of Sng against various tumor cells is well-established; however, its antiproliferative and apoptotic potential against the cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) cells remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer potential of Sng against cSCC cells and elucidated the underlying mechanisms relevant to the drug action. METHODS The inhibitory effect of Sng on cSCC cells was evaluated by analyzing cell viability, colony-forming ability and multi-caspase activity. Apoptosis was quantified through Annexin-V/Propidium iodide flow cytometric assay and antagonized by pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FMK. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) dysfunction was analyzed by JC-1 staining, whereas reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was confirmed by pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and fluorogenic probe-based flow cytometric detection. The expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, apoptotic proteins and MAPK signaling molecules was determined by Western blotting. Involvement of JNK, p38-MAPK and MEK/ERK in ROS-mediated apoptosis was investigated by pretreatment with SP600125 (JNK inhibitor), SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) and U0126 (ERK1/2 inhibitor), respectively. The stemness-targeting potential of Sng was assessed in tumor cell-derived spheroids. RESULTS Treatment with Sng decreased cell viability and colony formation in primary (A431) and metastatic (A388) cSCC cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Sng significantly inhibited cell proliferation by inducing sub-G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in cSCC cells. Sng evoked ROS generation, intracellular glutathione (GSH) depletion, ΔΨm depolarization and the activation of JNK pathway as well as that of caspase-3, -8, -9, and PARP. Antioxidant NAC inhibited ROS production, replenished GSH levels, and abolished apoptosis induced by Sng by downregulating JNK. Pretreatment with z-VAD-FMK inhibited Sng-mediated apoptosis. The pharmacological inhibition of JNK by SP600125 mitigated Sng-induced apoptosis in metastatic cSCC cells. Finally, Sng ablated the stemness of metastatic cSCC cell-derived spheroids. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that Sng exerts a potent cytotoxic effect against cSCC cells that is underscored by a mechanism involving multiple levels of cooperation, including cell-cycle sub-G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis induction through ROS-dependent activation of the JNK signaling pathway. This study provides insight into the potential therapeutic application of Sng targeting cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Patil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
| | - Fareed Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
| | - Rasheeda Anver
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
| | - Jericha M Mateo
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, 26999 Doha, Qatar
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, 3050 Doha, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, 3050 Doha, Qatar
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, 24144 Doha, Qatar
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, New York, NY 10065, USA
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, 2030 Doha, Qatar
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
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Premkumar A, Doggalli N, Rudraswamy S, Manjunatha BS, Peeran SW, Johnson A, Patil K. Sex determination using mandibular ramus flexure in South Indian population - A retrospective study. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2023; 41:2-9. [PMID: 37634171 PMCID: PMC10473455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Sex determination or sex estimation from a single or fragment of bone is always difficult in the absence of other bones from the same individual. The current study was an attempt to estimate the sex of an individual from the posterior ramus of mandible or the mandibular ramus flexure. A retrospective study was conducted using orthopantomographs (OPGs) of 200 males and 200 females between the age group of 20 - 70 years. Each radiographic image was examined for the presence of a flexure or notching on the posterior border of the ramus in relation to occlusal plane as the method followed by Loth & Henneberg 1996.The study resulted in samples that were correctly classified as females 59.5% and males 57.5 %. The overall correct sex estimation was achieved in 58.5% of the cases. The predictive accuracy or assessment was higher for females compared to males. Consequently, the posterior ramus of mandible or mandibular ramus flexure can be considered as supplementary rather than a definitive means of sex determination. Hence, it is preferable to include as many parameters as possible to attain optimal accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Premkumar
- Dept. of forensic odontology, Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore. India
| | - N Doggalli
- Dept. Of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore. India
| | - S Rudraswamy
- Dept. Of Public Health Dentistry, Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore. India
| | - B S Manjunatha
- Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - S W Peeran
- Armed Forces Hospital, Jizan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A Johnson
- School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University, Gujarat
| | - K Patil
- Dept. of forensic odontology, Dental College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysore. India
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Weihs A, Bi H, Bülow R, Eickhoff S, Ewert R, Frenzel S, Grabe H, Hoffstaedter F, Jahanshad N, Khazaie H, Patil K, Riemann D, Rostampour M, Schiel J, Spiegelhalder K, Stubbe B, Thomopoulos S, Thompson P, Valk S, Völzke H, Zarei M, Tahmasian M. Lack of structural brain alteration associated with insomnia: Findings from the ENIGMA-Sleep working group. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Akhtar S, Zarif L, Kuttikrishnan S, Prabhu KS, Patil K, Nisar S, Abou-Saleh H, Merhi M, Dermime S, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Guggulsterone Induces Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Cells by Targeting High Mobility Group Box 1 via Janus Activated Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225621. [PMID: 36428714 PMCID: PMC9688888 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological disorder characterized by the abnormal expansion of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Despite great advances over the past three decades in discovering the efficacious therapies for MM, the disease remains incurable for most patients owing to emergence of drug-resistant cancerous cells. Guggulsterone (GS), a phytosteroid, extracted from the gum resin of guggul plant, has displayed various anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo; however, the molecular mechanisms of its anticancer activity have not been evaluated in MM cells. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of GS in various MM cell lines (U266, MM.1S, and RPMI 8226) and the mechanisms involved. GS treatment of MM cells caused inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptotic cell death as indicated by increased Bax protein expression, activation of caspases, and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. This was associated with the downregulation of various proliferative and antiapoptotic gene products, including cyclin D, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein. GS also suppressed the constitutive and interleukin 6-induced activation of STAT3. Interestingly, the inhibition of Janus activated kinase or STAT3 activity by the specific inhibitors or by siRNA knockdown of STAT3 resulted in the downregulation of HMGB1, suggesting an association between GS, STAT3, and HMGB1. Finally, GS potentiated the anticancer effects of bortezomib (BTZ) in MM cells. Herein, we demonstrated that GS could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of MM, possibly alone or in combination with BTZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Akhtar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Lubna Zarif
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Kirti S. Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Kalyani Patil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Haissam Abou-Saleh
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Said Dermime
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A. Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-40-253-220
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Sher G, Masoodi T, Patil K, Akhtar S, Kuttikrishnan S, Ahmad A, Uddin S. Dysregulated FOXM1 signaling in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:107-121. [PMID: 35931301 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the introduction of the cancer stem cell (CSC) paradigm, significant advances have been made in understanding the functional and biological plasticity of these elusive components in malignancies. Endowed with self-renewing abilities and multilineage differentiation potential, CSCs have emerged as cellular drivers of virtually all facets of tumor biology, including metastasis, tumor recurrence/relapse, and drug resistance. The functional and biological characteristics of CSCs, such as self-renewal, cell fate decisions, survival, proliferation, and differentiation are regulated by an array of extracellular factors, signaling pathways, and pluripotent transcriptional factors. Besides the well-characterized regulatory role of transcription factors OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, and MYC in CSCs, evidence for the central role of Forkhead box transcription factor FOXM1 in the establishment, maintenance, and functions of CSCs is accumulating. Conventionally identified as a master regulator of the cell cycle, a comprehensive understanding of this molecule has revealed its multifarious oncogenic potential and uncovered its role in angiogenesis, invasion, migration, self-renewal, and drug resistance. This review compiles the large body of literature that has accumulated in recent years that provides evidence for the mechanisms by which FOXM1 expression promotes stemness in glioblastoma, breast, colon, ovarian, lung, hepatic, and pancreatic carcinomas. We have also compiled the data showing the association of stem cell mediators with FOXM1 using TCGA mRNA expression data. Further, the prognostic importance of FOXM1 and other stem cell markers is presented. The delineation of FOXM1-mediated regulation of CSCs can aid in the development of molecularly targeted pharmacological approaches directed at the selective eradication of CSCs in several human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulab Sher
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Kalyani Patil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Sabah Akhtar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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Paranna S, Biradar J, Semwal M, Patil K, Suradkar S, Shinde S. Comparative Evaluation of Postoperative Pain in Primary Teeth Obturated With Zinc Oxide Eugenol versus Metapex: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:1148-1152. [PMID: 36189565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental objective of pulp treatment is to preserve the integrity and health of oral tissues. Pulp necrosis or irreversible pulpitis is the key indication for performing pulpectomy in primary teeth. It can be performed as a single-visit or multi-visit procedure using suitable obturating material. Various obturating materials can be used like zinc-oxide eugenol or metapex. A controversy reflects in literature and among experts in regard to single-visit or multi-visit endodontics. Hence, the purpose of this randomized clinical trial is to assess the incidence of postoperative pain with zinc oxide eugenol and metapex as an obturating material in single-visit and multiple-visit pulpectomy. The study was conducted at M S Ramaiah Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore in one year duration from 2020 to 2021. Two groups of children, forty in each group, aged between four to eight years, were included in the study. Groups were divided to perform single-visit and multi-visit endodontics with zinc-oxide eugenol and metapex as obturating material. The sample size of 40 were considered and allocated to respective group by concealment allocation. The conventional pulpectomy procedure was carried out. The post operative pain was assessed by using the pain scale through the telephonic conversation with the patient within 24 hours of treatment. Proportions were compared using Chi-square test of significance and the "p" value of less than 0.05 indicates statistical significance. The results showed, no statistically significant difference in teeth obturated with zinc oxide eugenol and metapex in both single-visit and multi-visit pulpectomy. The comparison of zinc oxide eugenol and metapex in single-visit group and multi-visit group had a 'p' value of 0.9233 and 0.4233 respectively. There were no differences between single and multi-visit treatment protocols with respect to the incidence of post operative pain. Single visit pulpectomy can be performed with added advantages with either zinc oxide eugenol or metapex.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paranna
- Dr Sujatha Paranna, Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital (BVDUDCH), Sangli, Maharasthra, India; E-mail:
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Pradeep A, Patil K. Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Indian Insurance Sector, including Healthcare Companies. CM 2022. [DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2022.23.499508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aims to understand better the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) cases in the insurance industry, including healthcare companies. In particular, we want to expand the size and market penetration of AI in insurance markets to boost customer satisfaction in the insurance industry. The analytical model attempts to define the relationship between AI and its implementation in the insurance industry. Rigorous research to test the definition was carried out through a sample of international corporations and insurance firms. This work presents various practical findings that insurance companies consider quite useful when responding to dissatisfied customers and certain organizational concerns. This paper aims to identify the challenges and enablers that have evolved in the context of artificial intelligence adoption, specifically in the finance sector, and to analyze the impact of this disruptive technology on the organization’s financial performance and market capitalization. The findings indicate that, in addition to the various risks and challenges associated with artificial intelligence adoption, it is critical for all financial institutes or companies involved in financial tasks to adopt artificial intelligence to compete globally.
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Kuttikrishnan S, Masoodi T, Sher G, Bhat AA, Patil K, El-Elimat T, Oberlies NH, Pearce CJ, Haris M, Ahmad A, Alali FQ, Uddin S. Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals FOXM1/BUB1B Signaling Pathway as a Key Target of Neosetophomone B in Human Leukemic Cells: A Gene Network-Based Microarray Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:929996. [PMID: 35847923 PMCID: PMC9283897 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.929996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression of Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) and serine/threonine kinase Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 (BUB1B) contributes to the development and progression of several cancers, including chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). However, the molecular mechanism of the FOXM1/BUB1B regulatory network and the role of Neosetophomone-B (NSP-B) in leukemia remains unclear. NSP-B, a meroterpenoid fungal secondary metabolite, possesses anticancer potential in human leukemic cells lines; however, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the role of NSP-B on FOXM1/BUB1B signaling and the underlying molecular mechanism of apoptosis induction in leukemic cells. We performed gene expression profiling of NSP-B-treated and untreated leukemic cells to search for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Interestingly BUB1B was found to be significantly downregulated (logFC -2.60, adjusted p = 0.001) in the treated cell line with the highest connectivity score among cancer genes. Analysis of TCGA data revealed overexpression of BUB1B compared to normal in most cancers and overexpression was associated with poor prognosis. BUB1B also showed a highly significant positive correlation with FOXM1 in all the TCGA cancer types. We used human leukemic cell lines (K562 and U937) as an in vitro study model to validate our findings. We found that NSP-B treatment of leukemic cells suppressed the expression of FOXM1 and BUB1B in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, NSP-B also resulted in the downregulation of FOXM1-regulated genes such as Aurora kinase A, Aurora kinase B, CDK4, and CDK6. Suppression of FOXM1 either by siRNA or NSP-B reduced BUB1B expression and enhanced cell survival inhibition and induction of apoptosis. Interestingly combination treatment of thiostrepton and NSP-B suppressed of cell viability and inducted apoptosis in leukemic cells via enhancing the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-8 compared with single-agent treatment. These results demonstrate the important role of the FOXM1/BUB1B pathway in leukemia and thus a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gulab Sher
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A. Bhat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kalyani Patil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | | | - Mohmmad Haris
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Shahab Uddin,
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Viswanathan R, Bafna S, Patil K, Jadhav S, Katendra S, Mishra S, Maheshwari S, Damle H. Pertussis seroprevalence in mother-infant pairs from India: role of maternal immunisation. Arch Dis Child 2022; 107:431-435. [PMID: 34526295 PMCID: PMC9046734 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2021-322286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate pertussis antibody status of pregnant women and their newborns, and the impact of antenatal immunisation. DESIGN Observational study. SETTING Hospitals in urban western India. PARTICIPANTS Pregnant women and their newborns. METHODS Pertussis antibody titres in mothers and their newborns were determined. Vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers and their newborns were compared for baseline characteristics, geometric mean titres (GMTs) and placental transfer ratio of antibodies. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to understand the influence of different factors on protective antibody titres. RESULTS Of 284 mother-infant pairs, 75 mothers and 73 of their newborns were seropositive for anti-pertussis toxin (PT) IgG antibodies. 94 women were vaccinated in pregnancy; 51 (54.3%) of these mothers and newborns were PT IgG positive, compared with 24 (12.3%) of the women (and 22 newborns) not vaccinated in pregnancy. Women vaccinated in pregnancy and their newborns had higher GMT (30.88 and 32.54 IU/mL), compared with women who were not vaccinated (12.63%, 2.24 IU/mL) and their newborns (11.58%, 2.53 IU/mL). Placental transfer ratios in newborns of mothers vaccinated in pregnancy and those who had childhood immunisation or natural immunity were similar (1.05 and 1.12, respectively). Protective titres of antibodies at birth (>20 IU/mL) were observed in 72.3% vs 21% of newborns of vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women, respectively; influenced by mother's vaccination status and seropositivity. CONCLUSION Protection against pertussis is low in newborns of mothers who are only immunised during childhood. Vaccination early in pregnancy boosts maternal and neonatal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjay Bafna
- Paediatrics, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kalyani Patil
- Paediatrics, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santoshkumar Jadhav
- Bioinformatics and Data Management Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Savita Katendra
- Bacteriology Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shweta Mishra
- Obstertrics & Gynaecology, Smt Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shradha Maheshwari
- Bacteriology Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hemant Damle
- Obstertrics & Gynaecology, Smt Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Gajbhiye RK, Tilve A, Kesarwani S, Srivastava S, Kore SJ, Patil K, Mahale SD, Mahajan NN. Increased rate of miscarriage during second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 58:946-949. [PMID: 34580950 PMCID: PMC8661807 DOI: 10.1002/uog.24784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. K. Gajbhiye
- ICMR‐National Institute for Research in Reproductive HealthMumbaiIndia
| | - A. Tilve
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - S. Kesarwani
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - S. Srivastava
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - S. J. Kore
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - K. Patil
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
| | - S. D. Mahale
- ICMR‐National Institute for Research in Reproductive HealthMumbaiIndia
| | - N. N. Mahajan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTopiwala National Medical College & BYL Nair Charitable HospitalMumbaiIndia
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Hasan W, Abou Chedid W, Nason G, Mahesan T, Ashton A, Tay A, Walsh A, Roodhouse A, Uribe S, Uribe J, Moschonas D, Issa R, Perry M, Patil K. The impact of socio-economic deprivation on recovery following robotic assisted radical cystectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)03215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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13
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Patil K, Khan FB, Akhtar S, Ahmad A, Uddin S. The plasticity of pancreatic cancer stem cells: implications in therapeutic resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:691-720. [PMID: 34453639 PMCID: PMC8556195 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing perception of cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a plastic state rather than a hardwired defined entity has evolved our understanding of the functional and biological plasticity of these elusive components in malignancies. Pancreatic cancer (PC), based on its biological features and clinical evolution, is a prototypical example of a CSC-driven disease. Since the discovery of pancreatic CSCs (PCSCs) in 2007, evidence has unraveled their control over many facets of the natural history of PC, including primary tumor growth, metastatic progression, disease recurrence, and acquired drug resistance. Consequently, the current near-ubiquitous treatment regimens for PC using aggressive cytotoxic agents, aimed at ‘‘tumor debulking’’ rather than eradication of CSCs, have proven ineffective in providing clinically convincing improvements in patients with this dreadful disease. Herein, we review the key hallmarks as well as the intrinsic and extrinsic resistance mechanisms of CSCs that mediate treatment failure in PC and enlist the potential CSC-targeting ‘natural agents’ that are gaining popularity in recent years. A better understanding of the molecular and functional landscape of PCSC-intrinsic evasion of chemotherapeutic drugs offers a facile opportunity for treating PC, an intractable cancer with a grim prognosis and in dire need of effective therapeutic advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Patil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Farheen B Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, The United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sabah Akhtar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.,Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar. .,Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. .,Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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14
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Urabe F, Patil K, Ramm GA, Ochiya T, Soekmadji C. Extracellular vesicles in the development of organ-specific metastasis. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12125. [PMID: 34295457 PMCID: PMC8287318 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Distant organ metastasis, often termed as organotropic metastasis or metastatic organotropism, is a fundamental feature of malignant tumours and accounts for most cancer-related mortalities. This process is orchestrated by many complex biological interactions and processes that are mediated by a combination of anatomical, genetic, pathophysiological and biochemical factors. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly being demonstrated as critical mediators of bi-directional tumour-host cell interactions, controlling organ-specific infiltration, adaptation and colonization at the secondary site. EVs govern organotropic metastasis by modulating the pre-metastatic microenvironment through upregulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression and immunosuppressive cytokine secretion, induction of phenotype-specific differentiation and recruitment of specific stromal cell types. This review discusses EV-mediated metastatic organotropism in visceral (brain, lung, liver, and lymph node) and skeletal (bone) metastasis, and discusses how the pre-metastatic education by EVs transforms the organ into a hospitable, tumour cell-friendly milieu that supports the growth of metastatic cells. Decoding the organ-specific traits of EVs and their functions in organotropic metastasis is essential in accelerating the clinical application of EVs in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Urabe
- Department of UrologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineTokyo Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kalyani Patil
- Department of Molecular PathophysiologyTranslational Research InstituteAcademic Health SystemHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
| | - Grant A. Ramm
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineTokyo Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Carolina Soekmadji
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
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15
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Hart E, Kavanagh L, Guy A, Lindsey B, Walters J, Haagsma B, Patil K, Perry M. Robotic cystectomy histopathology outcomes in patients whom have ‘failed’ BCG. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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16
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Goñi M, Patil K, Eickhoff S, Dukart J. Identification of Parkinson's disease via smartphones. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Janardanan S, Rifat M, Patil K. Zero clamping technique during radical cystectomy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2020; 102:545-546. [PMID: 32159366 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Janardanan
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
| | - M Rifat
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
| | - K Patil
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
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18
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Rathod N, Rajput A, M. F, D B J, Patil K. e-ICU's/Tele ICU's, it's Role, Advantages Over Manual ICU's and Shortcomings in the Current Perspective of Covid-19 Pandemic: A Critical Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.31782/ijcrr.2020.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Abstract
A paucity of viable programs and pipelines for the discovery of new antibiotics poses a significant public health threat. The emergence of resistant strains against vancomycin is particularly dangerous in hospital settings. Here, we report the design of enantiomeric targets based on bacterial cell wall biosynthesis precursors that allow for selection and identification of short linear, cyclic and bicyclic peptides that are composed of d-amino acids. These compounds are active against Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci that possess moderately high antibacterial activity and furthermore display no toxicity to both human red blood cells and mammalian cells at these concentrations. This 'mirror image phage display' approach yielded templates that can serve as scaffolds for further improvements in activity-based structural modifications. This strategy has the potential to provide a new class of antimicrobials that are metabolically stable and have the promise for oral delivery. The use of this platform combined with traditional medicinal chemistry approaches could rapidly yield large numbers of new therapeutic lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Adaligil
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Kalyani Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Marissa Rodenstein
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Krishna Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Cancer Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, United States
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20
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Bhattacharya P, Patil K, Guledgud M. Effectiveness of 904 nm Gallium-Arsenide Diode Laser in Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: Report of 2 Cases. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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21
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Karim Z, Kallarakkal T, Amtha R, Guledgud M, Telang A, Ramanathan A, Zaini Z, Gunardi I, Telang L, Yang Y, Patil K, Doddawad V, Kamaraj L, Saikrishna D, Warnakulasuriya S, Zain R. Combination of Cytopathology and DNA Ploidy Increases the Performance of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia Prediction in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.67600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Grading of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) by a pathologist is currently the key guide used for treatment planning of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Conventional oral examination (COE) clinically detects OPMDs but may not predict their risk status to transform to cancer. Therefore, there is a need for a reliable test to predict OED in OPMDs. Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate COE, liquid based cytology (Cytopath) and DNA image cytometry (Ploidy) in predicting OED in OPMDs. Methods: A total of 179 patients from Malaysia, India and Indonesia underwent COE followed by brush biopsies and scalpel biopsies. Brush-biopsy samples were analyzed for cytopathology and DNA ploidy at Dental Faculty, University of Malaya. Histopathological findings of presence/absence of OED were used as the reference standard. Calculations for sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy (A) were done for individual tools and in combinations. The Youden index (Sn+Sp-1) was used as a measure of overall performance. The relevant medical ethics committees of the different research locations approved the study. Results: For COE, the sensitivity (Sn) was high (100%) and the specificity (Sp) was low (5.9%), while both Cytopath and Ploidy showed a low sensitivity (Sn) (28.6% and 22.2%) and high specificity (Sp) (94.3% and 82.3%). All 3 tools individually have high negative predictive value (NPV) for predicting presence of OED (COE-100%, Cytopath-66.7%, Ploidy-78.5%). When combining outcomes from all 3 tools, the best performance indicated by Youden index (42.1) is which defines a positive case when both COE and Cytopath show abnormal. In general, using results from at least 2 tools had better Youden indices than using these tools individually. Conclusion: COE as a screening tool by virtue of its high Sn would be a suitable first level diagnostic test, while the Cytopath and the Ploidy individually with high Sp may be used as a second level test to predict presence of OED. Combining the COE with cytopathology would be the best combination for a high performance of the tools. Cytopathology (when performed by a trained cytologist) would allow for most of the false positives from the first level test to be correctly identified as true negative at the second level. Longitudinal data are needed to assess which of these may correctly identify the malignant potential of OPMDs. Acknowledgment: Grant: High Impact Research - Ministry of Higher Education (HIR-MOHE UM000025/C3)
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Affiliation(s)
- Z.B.A. Karim
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - T.G. Kallarakkal
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - R. Amtha
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - M.V. Guledgud
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - A. Telang
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - A. Ramanathan
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Z. Zaini
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - I. Gunardi
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - L.A. Telang
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Y.H. Yang
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - K. Patil
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - V.G. Doddawad
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - L. Kamaraj
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - D. Saikrishna
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - S. Warnakulasuriya
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - R.B. Zain
- Klinik Pakar Bedah Mulut, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seberang Jaya, Malaysia
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Bhattacharya PT, Patil K, Guledgud MV. Effectiveness of 904nm Gallium-Arsenide Diode Laser in Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: Report of 2Cases. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2018; 110:325-327. [PMID: 29857947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P T Bhattacharya
- Profesor asistente, Departamento de Medicina Oral y Radiología, Facultad y Hospital Sarjug Dental, Darbhanga, Bihar, India.
| | - K Patil
- Profesor y jefe, Departamento de Medicina Oral y Radiología, Facultad JSS Dental, Mysore, Karnataka
| | - M V Guledgud
- Profesor, Departamento de Medicina Oral y Radiología, Facultad JSS Dental, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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23
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Salamoun JM, McQueeney KE, Patil K, Geib SJ, Sharlow ER, Lazo JS, Wipf P. Photooxygenation of an amino-thienopyridone yields a more potent PTP4A3 inhibitor. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:6398-402. [PMID: 27291491 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00946h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatase PTP4A3 is an attractive anticancer target, but knowledge of its exact role in cells remains incomplete. A potent, structurally novel inhibitor of the PTP4A family was obtained by photooxygenation of a less active, electron-rich thienopyridone (1). Iminothienopyridinedione 13 displays increased solution stability and is readily obtained by two new synthetic routes that converge in the preparation of 1. The late-stage photooxygenation of 1 to give 13 in high yield highlights the potential of this reaction to modify the structure and properties of a biological lead compound and generate value for expanding the scope of an SAR investigation. Analog 13 should become a valuable tool for further exploration of the role of PTP4A3 in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Salamoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
| | - Kelley E McQueeney
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
| | - Kalyani Patil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
| | - Steven J Geib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
| | - Elizabeth R Sharlow
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
| | - John S Lazo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
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Patil K, Yelamanchi S, Gowda H, Prasad T, Mukherjee S. Altered Expression of Angiogenic Factors in Follicular Fluid of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Can J Biotech 2017. [DOI: 10.24870/cjb.2017-a126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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25
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Patil K. Retinal and ophthalmic artery studies in ischemic stroke patients using Fundus photography and transcranial doppler methods. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Amirabadi A, Vidarsson L, Miller E, Sussman MS, Patil K, Gahunia H, Peel SAF, Zhong A, Weiss R, Detzler G, Cheng HLM, Moineddin R, Doria AS. USPIO-related T1 and T2 mapping MRI of cartilage in a rabbit model of blood-induced arthritis: a pilot study. Haemophilia 2014; 21:e59-69. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Amirabadi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - L. Vidarsson
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - E. Miller
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; Children's Hospital for Eastern Ontario; Ottawa ON Canada
| | - M. S. Sussman
- Department of Medical Imaging; Toronto General Hospital; the University Health Network; Toronto ON Canada
| | - K. Patil
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - H. Gahunia
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - S. A. F. Peel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - A. Zhong
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - R. Weiss
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - G. Detzler
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - H. L. M. Cheng
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - R. Moineddin
- Department of Family and Community Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - A. S. Doria
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging; The Hospital for Sick Children; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
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27
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Boving TB, Choudri BS, Cady P, Cording A, Patil K, Reddy V. Hydraulic and hydrogeochemical characteristics of a riverbank filtration site in rural India. Water Environ Res 2014; 86:636-648. [PMID: 25112031 DOI: 10.2175/106143013x13596524516428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A riverbank filtration (RBF) system was tested along the Kali River in rural part of the state of Karnataka in India. The polluted river and water from open wells served the local population as their principal irrigation water resource and some used it for drinking. Four RBF wells (up to 25 m deep) were installed. The mean hydraulic conductivity of the well field is 6.3 x 10(-3) cm/s and, based on Darcy's law, the water travel time from the river to the principal RBF well (MW3) is 45.2 days. A mixing model based on dissolved silica concentrations indicated that, depending on the distance from the river and closeness to irrigated rice fields, approximately 27 to 73% of the well water originated from groundwater. Stable isotopic data indicates that a fraction of the water was drawn in from the nearby rice fields that were irrigated with river water. Relative to preexisting drinking water sources (Kali River and an open well), RBF well water showed lower concentration of dissolved metals (60.1% zinc, 27.8% cadmium, 83.9% lead, 75.5% copper, 100% chromium). This study demonstrates that RBF technology can produce high-quality water from low-quality surface water sources in a rural, tropical setting typical for many emerging economies. Further, in parts of the world where flood irrigation is common, RBF well water may draw in infiltrated irrigation water, which possibly alters its geochemical composition. A combination of more than one mixing model, silica together with stable isotopes, was shown to be useful explaining the origin of the RBF water at this study site.
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Affiliation(s)
- A De
- Department of Microbiology, L.T.M. Medical College, Sion, Mumbai-400 022, India
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29
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Abstract
The mushroom of commerce in the Western hemisphere, Agaricus bisporus, was administered orally to Swiss mice that were 6 weeks old at the start of the experiment The mushrooms were baked at 220-230 degrees C for 10 min. Subsequently, the mushrooms were fed to the animals for 3 days and were followed by a semisynthetic diet for 4 days each week, for life. The treatment induced tumors in the forestomach, glandular stomach, duodenum, and ovaries in the following incidences: 20, 12, 14 and 12% in females and 16, 20, 4 and 0% in males. In the tissues of the untreated controls, only an ovarian tumor was found in a female. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were classified as squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas of the forestomach, and adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the glandular stomach, duodenum, and ovaries. Since Agaricus bisporus is mainly eaten in baked form in the United States, the findings may carry useful implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Toth
- W VIRGINIA UNIV,SCH PHARM,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506
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30
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Kumar N, Verma A, Gupta G, Dixit P, Shukla A, Prakash G, Patil K, Tawade N. Clinical and Electrical Profile of Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (P07.121). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p07.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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31
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Patil K, Ramani V. Reflex Eating Induced Seizures (REIS) with a Genetic Twist (P04.020). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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32
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Haller's cells or infraorbital ethmoid cells refer to the ethmoidal pneumatization of the superior aspect of the maxillary sinus and floor of the orbit. The clinical importance of these entities initiated this study with an aim to determine the prevalence and characteristics of Haller's cells on panoramic radiographs. METHODS The study group comprised 600 healthy adults of both genders with an age range of 18-60 years. One panoramic radiograph for each of the patients was made and interpreted for the presence of Haller's cells. The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis: frequencies/percentages, descriptive statistics, χ(2) test and cross-tabulation (contingency table analysis) to obtain the results. RESULTS Haller's cells were noted in 96 patients, accounting for a prevalence of 16%. Of these patients, 77.1% were unilateral while 22.9% were bilateral. Among 96 cases, a total of 204 cells were found. The majority of the cells were round or ovoid in shape. The unilocular type of Haller's cells occurring unilaterally was statistically significant. CONCLUSION This study has attempted to explore the characteristics of Haller's cells on panoramic radiographs. A description of Haller's cells on these radiographs may prove vital in enumerating the differential diagnosis for patients afflicted with intractable orofacial pain and reduce the risk of untoward intraoperative complications during endonasal procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raina
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Karnataka, India
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33
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Goldstraw MA, Challacombe BJ, Patil K, Amoroso P, Dasgupta P, Kirby RS. Overcoming the challenges of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2011; 15:1-7. [PMID: 21844888 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2011.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is the most commonly performed robotic procedure worldwide and is firmly established as a standard treatment option for localised prostate cancer. Part of the explanation for the rapid uptake of RARP is the reported gentler learning curve compared with the challenges of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). However, robotic surgery is still fraught with potential difficulties and avoiding complications while on the steepest part of the learning curve is critical. Furthermore, as surgeons progress there is a tendency to take on increasingly complex cases, including patients with difficult anatomy and prior surgery, and these cases present a unique challenge. Significant intra-abdominal adhesions may be identified following open surgery, or dense periprostatic inflammation may be encountered following TURP; large prostate gland size and median lobes may alter bladder neck anatomy, making difficult subsequent urethro-vesical anastomosis. Even experienced robotic surgeons will be challenged by salvage RARP. Approaching these problems in a structured manner allows many of the problems to be overcome. We discuss some of the specific techniques to deal with these potential difficulties and highlight ways to avoid making serious mistakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Goldstraw
- Barnet and Chase Farm NHS Trust, Enfield, London, UK.
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34
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Agarwala R, Ahmed N, Patil K. An audit of adult critical care rehabilitation processes in a UK district general hospital based on NICE guidelines. Crit Care 2011. [PMCID: PMC3068461 DOI: 10.1186/cc9952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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35
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Patil K. An approach to the chest radiograph. CMAJ 2011. [DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.101748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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36
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Rane V, Patil K, Shinde D. Enantiomeric LC separation of valsartan on amylose based stationary phase. Pharmazie 2009; 64:495-498. [PMID: 19746836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid and robust LC method was developed and validated for the enantiomeric separation of valsartan in bulk drug and formulation. The enantiomers of valsartan were resolved on a Chiralpak AD-H (amylose based stationary phase) column using a mobile phase consisting of n-hexane: 2-propanol: trifluoroacetic acid (85:15:0.2, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The resolution between the enantiomers was found to be not less than 3.2. The presence of trifluoroacetic acid in the mobile phase played an important role in enhancing chromatographic efficiency and resolution between the enantiomers. The calibration curve for the (R)-enantiomer showed excellent linearity over the concentration range of 600 ng/mL (LOQ) to 6000 ng/mL. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for the (R)-enantiomer were 200 and 600 ng/mL, respectively. The percentage recovery of the (R)-enantiomer ranged between 98.7 to 100.05 % in bulk drug samples of valsartan. The proposed method was found to be suitable and accurate for quantitative determination of (R)-enantiomer in bulk drug substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rane
- Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
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37
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Abstract
In the UK, over 26 000 cases of prostate cancer are diagnosed annually, with many more patients undergoing investigation. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and its interpretation has always been controversial. Many patients undergo PSA-driven biopsies, which can cause significant morbidity. We report an unusual but severe complication following transrectal ultrasound and biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agrawal
- Department of Urology, St Peters Hospital, Chertsey, UK.
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38
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De A, Patil K, Mathur M. Detection of enteric parasites in HIV positive patients with diarrhea. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2009. [PMID: 21938120 PMCID: PMC3168046 DOI: 10.4103/2589-0557.55483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. De
- Department of Microbiology, L.T.M. Medical College, Sion, Mumbai-400 022, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Anuradha De, Department of Microbiology, L.T.M. Medical College, Sion, Mumbai - 400 022, India. E-mail:
| | - K. Patil
- Department of Microbiology, L.T.M. Medical College, Sion, Mumbai-400 022, India
| | - M. Mathur
- Department of Microbiology, L.T.M. Medical College, Sion, Mumbai-400 022, India
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39
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Patil K, De A, Mathur M. Comparison of Weber Green and Ryan Blue modified trichrome staining for the diagnosis of microsporidial spores from stool samples of HIV-positive patients with diarrhoea. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008; 26:407. [PMID: 18974512 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.43554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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40
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Abstract
White spongy nevus (WSN) is a rare hereditary dyskeratotic hyperplasia of the mucous membranes. It is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable penetrance. A few cases of WSN occur due to de novo mutations. We report a case of WSN in a 12-year-old female child, with none of her family members having similar lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Patil
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, J.S.S. Dental College & Hospital, Mysore, India.
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41
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Kelly RJ, Wright D, Patil K, Chapple M, Jalihal SS, Barrans SL, O’Connor SJM, Turner K, Jack AS, Owen RG. t(14;19)(q32;q13) incidence and significance in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Br J Haematol 2008; 141:561-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Vieira J, Cardoso CS, Pinto J, Patil K, Brazdil P, Cruz E, Mascarenhas C, Lacerda R, Gartner A, Almeida S, Alves H, Porto G. A putative gene located at the MHC class I region around the D6S105 marker contributes to the setting of CD8+ T-lymphocyte numbers in humans. Int J Immunogenet 2007; 34:359-67. [PMID: 17845307 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2007.00700.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Significant associations between human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A and -B alleles and CD8+ T-lymphocyte numbers have been reported in the literature in both healthy populations and in HFE-haemochromatosis patients. In order to address whether HLA alleles themselves or alleles at linked genes are responsible for these associations, several genetic markers at the MHC class I region were typed on a population of 147 apparently healthy unrelated subjects phenotypically characterized for their CD8+ and CD4+ T-lymphocyte numbers. By using a machine learning approach, a set of rules was generated that predict the number of CD8+ T-lymphocyte numbers on the basis of the information of the D6S105 microsatellite alleles only. We demonstrate that the previously reported associations with HLA-A and -B alleles are due to the presence of common long (up to 4 megabases long) haplotypes that increased in frequency recently due to positive selection and that encompass a region where a putative gene contributing to the setting of CD8+ T lymphocytes is located, in the neighbourhood of microsatellite locus D6S105, in the 6p21.3 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vieira
- Molecular Evolution, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto, Portugal.
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43
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Abstract
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a rare monoclonal proliferation of B-lymphocytes and is classified as a poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. This tumor was first noted in Africans. The cause of this tumor is debatable, but strong evidence implicates Epstein-Barr virus in its development. This tumor predominantly affects children and is probably the fastest growing tumor in humans, with exuberant proliferation. It is a very rare malignancy accounting for only 0.76% of solid malignant tumors among Indian children. A case of BL of the mandible in a 9-year-old girl of Indian origin is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Patil
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, J.S.S. Dental College and Hospital, Mysore-570 015, India.
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44
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Goldstraw MA, Patil K, Anderson C, Dasgupta P, Kirby RS. A selected review and personal experience with robotic prostatectomy: implications for adoption of this new technology in the United Kingdom. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2007; 10:242-9. [PMID: 17519927 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) is a rapidly evolving technique for the treatment of localized prostate cancer. However, cynics point to the increasing role of market forces in the robotic revolution. As yet, Europe has not taken up RALP in large numbers and this may in part relate to the high level of expertise in laparoscopy previously gained. Furthermore, setting up a robotic programme is a major undertaking for many surgical units. This review discusses some of the challenges in the development of a robotic service drawn from personal experience within the United Kingdom. Furthermore, available data on RALP versus open and laparoscopic approaches are reviewed for surgical and cancer-related outcomes. Preliminary data appear to show an advantage over open prostatectomy with reduced blood loss, decreased pain and early mobilisation and shorter hospital stay. Most intra-institutional studies demonstrate better postoperative continence and potency with RALP; however, this needs to be viewed in the context of a paucity of randomized data available in the literature. There is no definitive data to show an advantage over standard laparoscopic surgery, but the fact that this technique has reached parity with laparoscopy within 5 years is encouraging: with continued experience, the hope is that results will continue to improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Goldstraw
- Department of Urology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
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45
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Abstract
Plexiform neurofibroma is a non-circumscribed, thick and irregular benign tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath. It is a virtually pathognomonic and often disabling feature of neurofibromatosis type I. The diffuse and soft nature of plexiform neurofibroma is often compared to 'a bag of worms' and is difficult to distinguish from a vascular malformation or a lymphangioma, thus necessitating thorough clinical and histopathological examination and imaging of the lesion. We present a case of plexiform neurofibroma in a 12-year-old male child.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Patil
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, J.S.S. Dental College and Hospital, S.S. Nagar, Mysore - 15, India.
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46
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Abstract
Botulinum toxin is now a treatment for many conditions. It is undergoing increasing use in several different unlicensed urological clinical situations which are outlined in this article. The article discusses the available evidence relating to its use, effectiveness and safety.
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47
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Woodhouse JB, Patki P, Patil K, Shah J. Botulinum toxin and the overactive bladder. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2006. [DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2006.67.sup9.21997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Botulinum toxin is now a treatment for many conditions. It is undergoing increasing use in several different unlicensed urological clinical situations which are outlined in this article. The article discusses the available evidence relating to its use, effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- JB Woodhouse
- Neurourology at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, and Institute of Urology and Nephrology, London,
| | - P Patki
- Urology at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, and Institute of Urology and Nephrology, London,
| | - K Patil
- Ashford and St Peters Hospital, Chertsey, Surrey,
| | - J Shah
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, and the Institute of Urology and Nephrology, London
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48
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] Rhodium-catalyzed conjugate addition of an aryl boronic acid to alpha-methylamino acrylates followed by enantioselective protonation of the oxa-pi-allylrhodium intermediate provides access to aryl-substituted beta(2)-amino acids. The impact of the different variables of the reaction on the levels of enantioselectivity has been assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukund P Sibi
- Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA.
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49
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Abstract
We have investigated the effect of nitrogen protecting groups in radical addition trapping experiments leading to beta(2)-amino acids. Of the three N-protecting groups examined, the phthalimido group was optimal with respect to both yields and enantioselectivity. Additionally, radical additions to more complex acrylates were also investigated, which provided access to functionalized beta(2)-amino acids in modest selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukund P. Sibi
- * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 701 231 8251; fax: +1 701 231 1057; e-mail:
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50
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Abstract
Gorlin syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited condition that exhibits high penetrance and variable expressivity. It is characterized mainly by Basal cell carcinomas, Odontogenic keratocysts and skeletal anomalies. However, medical literature documents both common and lesser known manifestations of the disorder involving the skin, central nervous system, skeletal system etc. Diagnosis of the syndrome in childhood is basically through oral abnormalities. A case of Gorlin syndrome has been reported here, with review of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Patil
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore-15, India
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