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Dorff T, Horvath LG, Autio K, Bernard-Tessier A, Rettig MB, Machiels JP, Bilen MA, Lolkema MP, Adra N, Rottey S, Greil R, Matsubara N, Tan DSW, Wong A, Uemura H, Lemech C, Meran J, Yu Y, Minocha M, McComb M, Penny HL, Gupta V, Hu X, Jurida G, Kouros-Mehr H, Janát-Amsbury MM, Eggert T, Tran B. A Phase I Study of Acapatamab, a Half-life Extended, PSMA-Targeting Bispecific T-cell Engager for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1488-1500. [PMID: 38300720 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Safety and efficacy of acapatamab, a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) x CD3 bispecific T-cell engager were evaluated in a first-in-human study in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with mCRPC refractory to androgen receptor pathway inhibitor therapy and taxane-based chemotherapy received target acapatamab doses ranging from 0.003 to 0.9 mg in dose exploration (seven dose levels) and 0.3 mg (recommended phase II dose) in dose expansion intravenously every 2 weeks. Safety (primary objective), pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity (secondary objectives) were assessed. RESULTS In all, 133 patients (dose exploration, n = 77; dose expansion, n = 56) received acapatamab. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) was the most common treatment-emergent adverse event seen in 97.4% and 98.2% of patients in dose exploration and dose expansion, respectively; grade ≥ 3 was seen in 23.4% and 16.1%, respectively. Most CRS events were seen in treatment cycle 1; incidence and severity decreased at/beyond cycle 2. In dose expansion, confirmed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) responses (PSA50) were seen in 30.4% of patients and radiographic partial responses in 7.4% (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1). Median PSA progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.0-4.9], radiographic PFS per Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3 was 3.7 months (95% CI: 2.0-5.4). Acapatamab induced T-cell activation and increased cytokine production several-fold within 24 hours of initiation. Treatment-emergent antidrug antibodies were detected in 55% and impacted serum exposures in 36% of patients in dose expansion. CONCLUSIONS Acapatamab was safe and tolerated and had a manageable CRS profile. Preliminary signs of efficacy with limited durable antitumor activity were observed. Acapatamab demonstrated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Dorff
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Lisa G Horvath
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Karen Autio
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Alice Bernard-Tessier
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Matthew B Rettig
- Departments of Medicine and Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jean-Pascal Machiels
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mehmet A Bilen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Martijn P Lolkema
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Nabil Adra
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sylvie Rottey
- Department of Medical Oncology. Drug Research Unit, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Greil
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-CCCIT and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nobuaki Matsubara
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daniel S W Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alvin Wong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
| | - Hiroji Uemura
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Charlotte Lemech
- Scientia Clinical Research, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
| | - Johannes Meran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology, and Internal Oncology, Hospital Barmherzige Brueder, Vienna, Austria
| | - Youfei Yu
- Global Biostatistical Science, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Mukul Minocha
- Clinical Pharmacology M&S, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Mason McComb
- Clinical Pharmacology M&S, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | | | - Vinita Gupta
- Clinical Biomarkers, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Xuguang Hu
- Clinical Biomarkers, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Gabor Jurida
- Safety TA & Combination Products, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | | | | | - Tobias Eggert
- Early Development, Oncology, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Ben Tran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
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Rencsok EM, Slopen N, Autio K, Morgans A, McSwain L, Barata P, Cheng HH, Dreicer R, Heath E, McKay RR, Pomerantz M, Rathkopf D, Tagawa S, Whang YE, Ragin C, Odedina FT, George DJ, Kantoff PW, Vinson J, Villanti P, Haneuse S, Mucci LA. Quality of life in the year after new diagnosis with advanced prostate cancer for Black and White individuals living in the US. Qual Life Res 2023; 32:3209-3221. [PMID: 37410340 PMCID: PMC10711502 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess differences in baseline and longitudinal quality of life among Black and White individuals in the US with advanced prostate cancer. METHODS Secondary analysis of data from the International Registry for Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer (IRONMAN) including US participants newly diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer and identifying their race as Black or White from 2017 to 2023. Participants completed the EORTC QLQ-C30 Quality of Life (QoL) Survey at study enrollment and every 3 months thereafter for up to 1 year of follow-up reporting 15 scale scores ranging from 0 to 100 (higher functioning and lower symptom scores represent better quality of life). Linear mixed effects models with race and month of questionnaire completion were fit for each scale, and model coefficients were used to assess differences in baseline and longitudinal QoL by race. RESULTS Eight hundred and seventy-nine participants were included (20% identifying as Black) at 38 US sites. Compared to White participants at baseline, Black participants had worse constipation (mean 6.3 percentage points higher; 95% CI 2.9-9.8), financial insecurity (5.7 (1.4-10.0)), and pain (5.1 (0.9-9.3)). QoL decreased over time similarly by race; most notably, role functioning decreased by 0.7 percentage points (95% CI -0.8, -0.5) per month. CONCLUSION There are notable differences in quality of life at new diagnosis of advanced prostate cancer for Black and White individuals, and quality of life declines similarly in the first year for both groups. Interventions that address specific aspects of quality of life in these patients could meaningfully improve the overall survivorship experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Rencsok
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Natalie Slopen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen Autio
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Pedro Barata
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Heather H Cheng
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert Dreicer
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Rana R McKay
- Department of Oncology, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Dana Rathkopf
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott Tagawa
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Young E Whang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Camille Ragin
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- African-Caribbean Cancer Consortium, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Folakemi T Odedina
- Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium (CaPTC), Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Philip W Kantoff
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Convergent Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jacob Vinson
- Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium (PCCTC), New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Sebastien Haneuse
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Autio K, McBride S. Oligometastatic Squamous Cell Transformation From Metastatic Prostate Adenocarcinoma Treated With Systemic and Focal Therapy: A Case Report. Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology 2022; 5:79-83. [PMID: 36034583 PMCID: PMC9390704 DOI: 10.36401/jipo-22-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) after initial treatment of a primary prostate adenocarcinoma is rare and typically results in rapid treatment-refractory disease progression and death. Here, we present a case of a 70-year-old man who was initially treated with prostatectomy and radiotherapy, and later developed bone metastases. After commencing systemic therapy with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and apalutamide, his prostate-specific antigen (PSA) declined to undetectable levels, yet short-interval imaging demonstrated oligo-progression at T4, with biopsy specimen demonstrating pure SCC. Molecular profiling of both the primary prostate tumor and T4 demonstrated alterations in TMPRSS2-ERG, TP53, and FOXA1 confirming site of origin, with loss of RNF43 in the squamous metastasis. He was treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy to the SCC metastasis and continued on ADT and apalutamide with stable disease for a year post-radiation. This case highlights the importance of imaging to detect non–PSA-producing metastatic disease, the utility of radiation therapy in oligo-progression, and use of molecular profiling to provide insights into the pathogenesis of histologic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Autio
- 1 Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sean McBride
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Papadopoulos KP, Autio K, Golan T, Dobrenkov K, Chartash E, Chen Q, Wnek R, Long GV. Phase I Study of MK-4166, an Anti-human Glucocorticoid-Induced TNF Receptor Antibody, Alone or with Pembrolizumab in Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 27:1904-1911. [PMID: 33355238 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this first-in-human phase I study (NCT02132754), we explored MK-4166 [humanized IgG1 agonist mAb targeting glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor (GITR)] with and without pembrolizumab in advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS MK-4166 was tested alone (0.0015-900 mg i.v. every 3 weeks for four doses) or with pembrolizumab (200 mg i.v. every 3 weeks for ≤35 doses) in patients with metastatic solid tumors (dose escalation/confirmation) and advanced melanoma (expansion). Primary objectives were to evaluate the safety and tolerability and establish the MTD of MK-4166. Exploratory endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and T cell-inflamed gene expression profile (GEP) analysis using RNA from baseline tumor samples. RESULTS A total of 113 patients were enrolled [monotherapy, n = 48; combination therapy, n = 65 (20 in the expansion)]. Forty-six patients (40.7%) had grade ≥3 adverse events, 9 (8.0%) of which were treatment related. No treatment-related deaths were observed. One dose-limiting toxicity event with monotherapy (bladder perforation in patient with neobladder) was considered related to study drug. MTD was not reached. MK-4166 pharmacodynamics showed decreased GITR availability on circulating T cells with increasing doses. One objective response (ORR, 2.2%) was achieved with combination therapy in the dose escalation/confirmation (n = 45). In the expansion, 8 of 13 patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-naïve melanoma achieved a response (ORR, 62%; 95% confidence interval, 32-86; 5 complete responses and 3 partial responses). None of the ICI-pretreated patients (n = 7) responded. High response rates were observed in ICI-naïve patients irrespective of GEP status. CONCLUSIONS MK-4166 900 mg i.v. every 3 weeks as monotherapy and with pembrolizumab was tolerable. Responses were observed with combination therapy, mostly in patients with ICI-naïve melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Autio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Talia Golan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Clinic, Cancer Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Elliot Chartash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Qiusheng Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Richard Wnek
- Department of Medical Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey
| | - Georgina V Long
- Department of Oncology, Melanoma Institute of Australia, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, and Mater Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties, which induces activation and proliferation of antigen-activated intratumoral CD8+ T cells. This review discusses the evolution of pegylated IL-10 (pegilodecakin) from preclinical investigation through first-in-human studies in oncology. RECENT FINDINGS Pegilodecakin was evaluated across multiple advanced solid tumors in a large phase 1/1b trial alone and in combination with chemotherapy or anti-PD-1 antibodies. Pegilodecakin monotherapy had immunologic and clinical activity in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and uveal melanoma. In combination with anti-PD-1 inhibitors, pegilodecakin increased the responses in RCC and lung cancer with efficacy agnostic to PD-L1 status and tumor mutational burden. Pegilodecakin with FOLFOX had activity in pretreated pancreatic cancer, instructing the ongoing randomized phase III trial of the combination versus FOLFOX. The increased half-life of pegilodecakin enabled compelling preclinical data for IL-10 which has now been confirmed by clinical activity in a variety of cancers. The ability of pegilodecakin to both exert anti-tumor immunity and inhibit tumor-associated inflammation characterizes the uniqueness of this cytokine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Autio
- Genitourinary Oncology Service/Melanoma and Immunotherapeutics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Wong D, Schneider J, Aljumaily R, Korn W, Infante J, Patel M, Autio K, Papadopoulos K, Naing A, Gabrail N, Munster P, Goldman J, Ratti N, Van Vlasselaer P, Hung A, Oft M, Garon E. PEGylated human IL-10 (AM0010) in combination with an anti-PD-1 in advanced NSCLC. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Naing A, Infante J, Wong D, Korn W, Aljumaily R, Papadopoulos K, Autio K, Pant S, Bauer T, Drakaki A, Daver N, Hung A, Van Vlasselaer P, Oft M, Tannir N. Efficacy of PEGylated human IL-10 (AM0010) in combination with anti-PD-1 blockade in patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): A phase 1b trial. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Naing A, Infante J, Wong D, Korn M, Aljumaily R, Papadopoulos K, Autio K, Pant S, Bauer T, Drakaki A, Daver N, Hung A, Van Vlasselaer P, Brown G, Oft M, Tannir N. Immune correlates for the efficacy of PEGylated Human IL-10 (AM0010) with nivolumab in renal cell cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx371.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hecht J, Naing A, Falchook G, Patel M, Infante J, Aljumaily R, Wong D, Autio K, Wainberg Z, Javle M, Bendell J, Pant S, Hung A, Van Vlasselaer P, Brown G, Oft M, Papadopoulos K. Overall survival and immunologic responses in metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) on PEGylated human IL-10 (AM0010) with 5-FU/LV and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx369.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wong D, Schneider J, Aljumaily R, Korn M, Autio K, Infante J, Patel M, Papadopoulos K, Naing A, Gabrail N, Munster P, Goldman J, Van Vlasselaer P, Hung A, Brown G, Oft M, Garon E. Efficacy and immune activation with PEGylated human IL-10 (AM0010) in combination with an anti-PD1 in advanced NSCLC: Update. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx380.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Randolph HJ, Naing A, Falchook G, Patel M, Infante J, Aljumaily R, Deborah W, Autio K, Wainberg Z, Javle M, Bendell J, Pant S, Hung A, Van Vlasselaer P, Brown G, Oft M, Papadopoulos K. Immunologic and objective tumor responses to PEGylated human IL-10 (AM0010) with 5-FU/LV and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) in metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx262.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Parkkari J, Pasanen K, Jussila AM, Oksanen R, Ojala A, Autio K, Kannus P. 977 Sports and exercise safety in Finland live – an implementation program to sport clubs and schools. Inj Prev 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042156.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Infante J, Ahlers CM, Hodi FS, Postel-Vinay S, Schellens JHM, Heymach JV, Autio K, Barnette M, Struemper H, Watmuff M, Paul EM, Kaufman DR, Weber JS, Hoos A. Abstract CT027: A phase I, open-label study of GSK3174998 administered alone and in combination with pembrolizumab in patients (pts) with selected advanced solid tumors (ENGAGE-1). Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-ct027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: OX40 (CD134) belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, and transduces a costimulatory signal during T-cell activation. In the periphery, OX40 expression is limited to recently activated CD4+ and CD8+ cells. In tumors, infiltrating T lymphocytes are enriched for OX40, where it augments T-cell activation, proliferation and survival. OX40 is also expressed on tumor infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs). Intratumoral Treg depletion is critical for the in vivo antitumor activity of immune checkpoint antibodies. OX40 can also be found on natural killer (NK) cells, mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Together, these mechanisms make stimulation of OX40 with agonistic agents an attractive target for a novel anti-cancer immunotherapy. GSK3174998 is a humanized IgG1 anti-OX40 agonistic monoclonal antibody identified through collaboration with MD Anderson Cancer Center and is currently in phase I development.
Methods: The primary objective of this open-label non-randomized multicenter phase I study is to evaluate the safety of GSK3174998, as monotherapy in escalating doses every 3 weeks IV for up to 48 weeks (Part 1) or
in combination with 200 mg pembrolizumab administered every 3 weeks IV for up to 2 years (Part 2). Secondary objectives include assessment of antitumor activity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and immunogenicity. Adverse events will be monitored using NCI CTCAE v. 4.0. Radiographic imaging will be obtained every 12 weeks to assess clinical response defined by immune-related RECIST. Exploratory objectives include examination of changes in genomic DNA, RNA, protein, measures of immune function in tumor, and the association of these with antitumor activity. The study will enroll up to approximately 180 pts; eligible pts will have measurable disease with documentation of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, bladder, soft tissue sarcoma, triple-negative breast cancer, and colorectal carcinoma displaying microsatellite instability that has progressed after standard therapy, or for which standard therapy is ineffective, intolerable, or inappropriate. A pre-treatment biopsy is requested of all pts. Matched pre-treatment and on-treatment biopsies will be performed in expansion cohorts to allow investigation of candidate biomarkers which may predict clinical response. As of Feb 1, 2016, monotherapy cohorts 1 and 2 have completed without DLT and enrollment to Cohort 3 is ongoing. This study (NCT02528357) is funded by GlaxoSmithKline.
Citation Format: Jeffrey Infante, Christoph M. Ahlers, F Stephen Hodi, Sopie Postel-Vinay, Jan HM Schellens, John V. Heymach, Karen Autio, Mary Barnette, Herbert Struemper, Maura Watmuff, Elaine M. Paul, David R. Kaufman, Jeffrey S. Weber, Axel Hoos. A phase I, open-label study of GSK3174998 administered alone and in combination with pembrolizumab in patients (pts) with selected advanced solid tumors (ENGAGE-1). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr CT027.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Infante
- 1Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | | | | | - John V. Heymach
- 6The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Karen Autio
- 7Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Naing A, Infante J, Papadopoulos K, Autio K, Ott P, Wong D, Falchook G, Patel M, Pant S, Oft M. PEGylated human IL-10 (AM0010) in advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv513.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Autio K, Knuuttila A, Kipar A, Ahonen M, Parviainen S, Diaconu I, Kanerva A, Hakonen T, Vähä-Koskela M, Hemminki A. Anti-tumour activity of oncolytic Western Reserve vaccinia viruses in canine tumour cell lines, xenografts, and fresh tumour biopsies. Vet Comp Oncol 2014; 14:395-408. [PMID: 25302859 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common reasons for death in dogs. One promising approach is oncolytic virotherapy. We assessed the oncolytic effect of genetically modified vaccinia viruses in canine cancer cells, in freshly excised tumour biopsies, and in mice harbouring canine tumour xenografts. Tumour transduction efficacy was assessed using virus expressing luciferase or fluorescent marker genes and oncolysis was quantified by a colorimetric cell viability assay. Oncolytic efficacy in vivo was evaluated in a nude mouse xenograft model. Vaccinia virus was shown to infect most tested canine cancer cell lines and primary surgical tumour tissues. Virus infection significantly reduced tumour growth in the xenograft model. Oncolytic vaccinia virus has antitumour effects against canine cancer cells and experimental tumours and is able to replicate in freshly excised patient tumour tissue. Our results suggest that oncolytic vaccinia virus may offer an effective treatment option for otherwise incurable canine tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Autio
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology and Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Knuuttila
- Finnish Centre for Laboratory Animal Pathology and Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Kipar
- Finnish Centre for Laboratory Animal Pathology and Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Ahonen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology and Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Parviainen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology and Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - I Diaconu
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology and Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Kanerva
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology and Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Hakonen
- Oncos Therapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Vähä-Koskela
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology and Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology and Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
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Autio K, Mannonen L, Pietilä K, Koskinen M, Suka-aho M, Linko M, Morgan A. INCUBATION OF BARLEY KERNEL SECTIONS WITH PURIFIED CELL WALL DEGRADING ENZYMES. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1996.tb00926.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
Although diagnosing cancer during pregnancy is uncommon in veterinary medicine, when it occurs, chemotherapy may represent a reasonable treatment option. A major consideration is that physiological changes associated with pregnancy affect drug pharmacokinetics and complicate correct dosing of chemotherapy agents. Additionally, most antineoplastic drugs are able to cross the placenta thus adversely affecting the foetus. However, favourable outcomes have been observed in human beings when chemotherapy has been administered after organogenesis. Conversely, chemotherapy should be avoided during the early embryonic and organogenesis periods as it might lead to foetal death and/or major malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Autio
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Rassnick K, Bailey D, Flory A, Balkman C, Kiselow M, Intile J, Autio K. Efficacy of Vinblastine for Treatment of Canine Mast Cell Tumors. J Vet Intern Med 2008; 22:1390-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0195.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Flory AB, Rassnick KM, Al-Sarraf R, Bailey DB, Balkman CE, Kiselow MA, Autio K. Combination of CCNU and DTIC chemotherapy for treatment of resistant lymphoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2008; 22:164-71. [PMID: 18289305 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.0005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pleotropic-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated resistance is the usual cause of relapse in dogs with lymphoma. 1-(2-chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosurea (CCNU) and 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC) are alkylating agents that are not affected by P-gp and lack cross-resistance to each other. A combination protocol offers the advantage of improved summation dose and synergistic activity. HYPOTHESIS A combination of CCNU and DTIC that is well tolerated can be used to treat dogs with lymphoma that developed resistance or failed to respond to previously administered chemotherapy. ANIMALS Fifty-seven dogs with lymphoma that were resistant to treatment with standard chemotherapy (L-CHOP; L-asparaginase, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone). METHODS Prospective phase I and II trials were performed. CCNU was given PO immediately before a 5-h IV infusion of DTIC. Concurrent antiemetics and prophylactic antibiotics were used. Treatments were administered every 4 weeks. RESULTS Based on the results of 8 dogs in the phase I study, CCNU at 40 mg/m(2) PO combined with DTIC at 600 mg/m(2) IV was used to treat 57 dogs with resistant lymphoma. Thirteen (23%) dogs had a complete response (CR) for a median of 83 days and 7 (12%) had a partial response for a median of 25 days. The median L-CHOP CR duration of the dogs that did not respond to CCNU-DTIC was significantly longer than that of the dogs that did achieve remission with CCNU-DTIC (225 days versus 92 days, P= .02). The principal toxic event was neutropenia; the median neutrophil count 7 days after treatment was 1,275 cells/microL. Increases in alanine transaminase activity, possibly associated with hepatotoxicity, were detected in 7 dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE A combination of CCNU and DTIC can be an effective option to rescue dogs with resistant lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Flory
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Urrutia G, Arabas J, Autio K, Brul S, Hendrickx M, Kąkolewski A, Knorr D, Le Bail A, Lille M, Molina-García A, Ousegui A, Sanz P, Shen T, Van Buggenhout S. SAFE ICE: Low-temperature pressure processing of foods: Safety and quality aspects, process parameters and consumer acceptance. J FOOD ENG 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Myllärinen P, Buchert J, Autio K. Effect of transglutaminase on rheological properties and microstructure of chemically acidified sodium caseinate gels. Int Dairy J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2005.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Flander L, Salmenkallio-Marttila M, Suortti T, Autio K. Optimization of ingredients and baking process for improved wholemeal oat bread quality. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2006.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lantto R, Puolanne E, Kruus K, Buchert J, Autio K. Tyrosinase-aided protein cross-linking: effects on gel formation of chicken breast myofibrils and texture and water-holding of chicken breast meat homogenate gels. J Agric Food Chem 2007; 55:1248-55. [PMID: 17243701 DOI: 10.1021/jf0623485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The effects of Trichoderma reesei tyrosinase-catalyzed cross-linking of isolated chicken breast myofibril proteins as a simplified model system were studied with special emphasis on the thermal stability and gel formation of myofibrillar proteins. In addition, tyrosinase-catalyzed cross-linking was utilized to modify the firmness, water-holding capacity (WHC), and microstructure of cooked chicken breast meat homogenate gels. According to SDS-PAGE, the myosin heavy chain (MHC) and troponin T were the most sensitive proteins to the action of tyrosinase, whereas actin was not affected to the same extent. Calorimetric enthalpy (DeltaH) of the major thermal transition associated with myosin denaturation was reduced and with actin denaturation increased in the presence of tyrosinase. Low-amplitude viscoelastic measurements at constant temperatures of 25 degrees C and 40 degrees C showed that tyrosinase substantially increased the storage modulus (G') of the 4% myofibrillar protein suspension in the 0.35 M NaCl concentration. The effect was the most pronounced with high-enzyme dosages and at 40 degrees C. Without tyrosinase, the G' increase was low. Tyrosinase increased the firmness of the cooked phosphate-free and low-meat chicken breast meat homogenate gels compared to the corresponding controls. Tyrosinase maintained gel firmness at the control level of the low-salt homogenate gel and weakened it when both salt and phosphate levels were low. Tyrosinase improved the WHC of the low-meat and low-salt homogenate gels and maintained it at the level of the corresponding controls of phosphate-free and low-salt/low-phosphate homogenate gels. Microstructural characterization showed that a collagen network was formed in the presence of tyrosinase. KEYWORDS Chicken myofibrillar proteins; protein modification; cross-linking; tyrosinase; gelation; thermal stability; texture; water-holding capacity; microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lantto
- VTT, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Finland.
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Caso G, Feiner J, Mileva I, Bryan LJ, Kelly P, Autio K, Gelato MC, McNurlan MA. Response of albumin synthesis to oral nutrients in young and elderly subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85:446-51. [PMID: 17284742 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/85.2.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The synthesis of albumin after oral ingestion of nutrients provides a means of storing amino acids, which can be made available during periods of fasting. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to see whether the response of albumin synthesis to the oral intake of nutrients is compromised in elderly subjects. DESIGN Albumin synthesis was determined from the incorporation of 43 mg l-[(2)H(5)]phenylalanine/kg body wt. Eight elderly subjects (aged >60 y) and 8 young subjects (aged 21-35 y) were studied on 3 separate occasions: after the intake of water, a liquid meal (with 15% of energy from protein, 30% of energy from fat, and 55% of energy from carbohydrate), or an isonitrogenous but not isocaloric meal containing only protein. RESULTS Mean (+/-SEM) albumin synthesis, expressed as an absolute rate (ie, the amount of albumin synthesized per day), was significantly lower in elderly subjects (108 +/- 7 mg . kg body wt(-1) . d(-1)) than in young subjects (141 +/- 7 mg . kg body wt(-1) . d(-1)). In response to the complete meal, albumin synthesis was significantly increased in both the elderly (144 +/- 7 mgkg body wt(-1) . d(-1)) and the young (187 +/- 11 mg . kg body wt(-1) . d(-1)) subjects. The protein component of the meal was sufficient to stimulate albumin synthesis in both the elderly (147 +/- 14 mg . kg body wt(-1) . d(-1)) and the young (182 +/- 6 mg . kg body wt(-1) . d(-1)) subjects. CONCLUSIONS Elderly subjects have lower rates of albumin synthesis than do young subjects during fasting, but they stimulate albumin synthesis proportionately in response to the oral ingestion of protein. The intakes of additional fat and carbohydrate do not stimulate albumin synthesis further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caso
- Departments of Surgery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Katina K, Heiniö RL, Autio K, Poutanen K. Optimization of sourdough process for improved sensory profile and texture of wheat bread. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2005.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Urrutia Benet G, Chapleau N, Lille M, Le Bail A, Autio K, Knorr D. Quality related aspects of high pressure low temperature processed whole potatoes. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2005.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Katina K, Salmenkallio-Marttila M, Partanen R, Forssell P, Autio K. Effects of sourdough and enzymes on staling of high-fibre wheat bread. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2005.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Söderling E, Karjalainen S, Lille M, Maukonen J, Saarela M, Autio K. The effect of liquorice extract-containing starch gel on the amount and microbial composition of plaque. Clin Oral Investig 2006; 10:108-13. [PMID: 16523267 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-006-0040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2005] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to find out whether liquorice-containing starch gel could affect plaque accumulation and its microbial composition. Sixteen healthy volunteers (mean age: 30.4+/-6.9 years) used 6 g of either control [8% acid-hydrolyzed corn starch, 25% maltitol syrup, water (w/w)] or liquorice gel (control + 2.5% liquorice extract), three times a day for 2 weeks. The gels were used in a random order with a 2-week washout period in between. At the end of each fortnight, plaque was allowed to accumulate for 2 days and all available plaque from the right side of the mouth was collected, weighed, and transferred to transport medium. The plaque on the left side was dyed and photographed in a standardized manner. Mutans streptococci, total streptococci, and facultative bacteria were assessed from the plaque using plate culturing. Plaque index (0-5) of incisors and canines on the left side was evaluated from the photographs. The clinical study was preceded by an in vivo acid production test. The acid production from gels containing 2.5-10% liquorice extract was monitored with a microelectrode. The in vivo acid production potential of the maltitol-containing starch gel was about 50% compared to the sucrose control. Liquorice inhibited acid production from the gel. In the clinical study, the weight of plaque after consumption of the liquorice gel did not differ from that of the control gel. No differences were found in the microbial counts nor in the plaque index between the two gels. In addition, the liquorice gel had no effect on the stability of the predominant bacterial populations of the plaque samples of 16 individuals as detected by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. In conclusion, an addition of liquorice extract to starch-containing gel with a low acid production potential had no effect on the plaque formed during a 2-week gel consumption period.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Söderling
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenk. 2, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
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Selinheimo E, Kruus K, Buchert J, Hopia A, Autio K. Effects of laccase, xylanase and their combination on the rheological properties of wheat doughs. J Cereal Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2005.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Van Buggenhout S, Lille M, Messagie I, Loey AV, Autio K, Hendrickx M. Impact of pretreatment and freezing conditions on the microstructure of frozen carrots: Quantification and relation to texture loss. Eur Food Res Technol 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-005-0135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lantto R, Puolanne E, Kalkkinen N, Buchert J, Autio K. Enzyme-aided modification of chicken-breast myofibril proteins: effect of laccase and transglutaminase on gelation and thermal stability. J Agric Food Chem 2005; 53:9231-7. [PMID: 16277427 DOI: 10.1021/jf051602a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of laccase and transglutaminase (TG) on cross-linking, gelation, and thermal stability of salt-soluble chicken-breast myofibril proteins was investigated at pH 6. Both enzymes modified the protein pattern detected by SDS-PAGE. Identification of proteins by peptide mass mapping showed that myosin heavy chain (MHC) and troponin T were the most affected proteins. These proteins faded or disappeared as a function of the incubation time with both enzymes on SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of actin was not, however, affected by either enzyme. The effects that the enzymes had on the gel formation of chicken-breast myofibrils were studied in 0.35 and 0.60 M NaCl solutions at 3% protein content and a constant temperature of 40 degrees C by using a small deformation viscoelastic measurement. TG substantially increased the storage modulus (G') of 3% protein in 0.35 M NaCl. Without the enzymes, gelation was insignificant in 0.35 M NaCl. The increased solubility of the proteins at 0.60 M NaCl intensified gelation with TG. G' increased 32 and 64% at dosages of 10 and 100 nkat of TG, respectively. Also, laccase increased G' of the gel in 0.60 M salt concentration. However, a high laccase dosage decreased the magnitude of G' below the control level. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) measurements indicated slightly reduced myosin heat stability after TG pretreatment and increased actin heat stability with both enzymes. Maximum transition temperatures did not alter with either enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lantto
- VTT Biotechnology, Post Office Box 1500, 02044 VTT, Finland.
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Vettenranta K, Autio K, Hovi L, Knuutila S, Saarinen-Pihkala UM. Follow-up of minimal residual disease in pediatric acute myeloblastic leukemia using metaphase-FISH. Leuk Lymphoma 2002; 43:1261-5. [PMID: 12152994 DOI: 10.1080/10428190290026312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) the follow-up of minimal residual disease (MRD) has focused on specific chromosomal aberrations (e.g. t(15;17), t(8;21), inv16/t(16;16)) mostly employing reverse transcriptase-PCR. High or increasing levels of MRD are associated with an increased risk of relapse but low levels may persist in patients with prolonged or even durable remission. In adult patients with AML the increased risk of relapse has also been demonstrated using flow cytometry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We evaluated the presence of MRD among pediatric patients with AML during and after the cessation of therapy. We were able to establish a clonal marker for the follow-up in 80% of our cases; 11 of the 15 with a clonal marker had detectable MRD at some point during follow-up while 4/15 relapsed 12-14 months after diagnosis. In two there was hematological relapse preceded by an increase in their FISH-detectable number of clonal cells. In 7 of the 11 remaining in CR1 there were small (< 1%) numbers of clonal cells detectable at one or more time-points. Out of the group of 15 pediatric patients with AML, 12 are currently alive in CCR with a median follow-up of 44 months (range 7-63 months). Our data establish the role of metaphase-FISH in the follow-up of AML in children and emphasize the importance of an increasing level of MRD in predicting a relapse. Yet, low and stable levels of marrow MRD a ppear compatible with CCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Vettenranta
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Suutarinen J, Honkapaa K, Heinio RL, Autio K, Mustranta A, Karppinen S, Klutamo T, Llukkonen-Lllja H, Mokkila M. Effects of Calcium Chloride-based Prefreezing Treatments on the Quality Factors of Strawberry Jams. J Food Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb10694.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Suutarinen J, Honkapää K, Autio K, Mokkila M. THE EFFECT OF CaCl2 AND PME PREFREEZING TREATMENT IN A VACUUM ON THE STRUCTURE OF STRAWBERRIES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2002.567.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Autio
- VTT Biotechnology, P.O. Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
- Corresponding author. Phone: +358-9-4565175. Fax: +358-9-4552103. E-Mail:
| | - L. Flander
- VTT Biotechnology, P.O. Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - A. Kinnunen
- VTT Biotechnology, P.O. Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - R. Heinonen
- VTT Biotechnology, P.O. Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Salmenkallio-Marttila
- VTT Biotechnology, P.O.Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
- Corresponding author. E-mail: Phone: +358 9 456 5177. Fax: +358 9 455 2103
| | - K. Katina
- VTT Biotechnology, P.O.Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - K. Autio
- VTT Biotechnology, P.O.Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
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Bergman EL, Autio K, Sandberg AS. Optimal conditions for phytate degradation, estimation of phytase activity, and localization of phytate in barley (cv. Blenheim). J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:4647-4655. [PMID: 11052713 DOI: 10.1021/jf000525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Using a multivariate experimental design, optimal conditions for phytate degradation were found to be pH 4.8 and 57 degrees C in barley flour (cv. Blenheim) and pH 5.2 and 47 degrees C in a crude extracted phytase from barley. Three methods for measuring phytase activity in raw and hydrothermally processed barley were compared. Incubation at pH 5 and 55 degrees C for 60 min did not give significantly different results (p > 0.05), whereas incubation at pH 5 and 50 degrees C for 10, 20, 30, and 60 min gave significantly different results (p < 0.001) between methods. The change in microstructure of phytate globoids during hydrothermal processing showed that the degradation was highest in the scutellum cells and less in the aleurone layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Bergman
- Department of Food Science, Chalmers University of Technology, P.O. Box 5401, SE-402 29 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Abstract
Centromeric FISH was used to investigate the segregation of sex chromosomes in human lymphocytes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of cell culture, cytokinesis block, age and sex on segregation and to compare the behaviour of the X and Y chromosomes. In uncultured T lymphocytes of five elderly women, the mean frequencies of nuclei hyperdiploid and hypodiploid for the X chromosome were not significantly affected by culturing the cells or by cytokinesis block. In cultured binucleate lymphocytes of two age groups of men, the X chromosome showed significantly higher mean frequencies of hyperdiploidy, hypodiploidy and reciprocal gain and loss than the Y chromosome. Reciprocal gain and loss of the Y chromosome was statistically significantly higher in the older than the younger men. In four women, studied in the same series, the rates of X chromosome aneuploidy did not significantly differ from those obtained in men. In conclusion, malsegregation of the X chromosome is common in lymphocytes of both men and women and more frequent than Y chromosome malsegregation. However, there is no clear sex difference for X chromosome reciprocal gain and loss. This would suggest that the high loss of the X chromosome in women, documented in metaphase studies, is due to micronucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Catalán
- Department of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, FIN-00250 Helsinki, Finland
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Nilsson M, Andersson R, Andersson R, Autio K, Åman P. Heterogeneity in a water-extractable rye arabinoxylan with a low degree of disubstitution. Carbohydr Polym 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0144-8617(99)00100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Autio
- VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, P.O. Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
- Corresponding author. Phone: +358-9-4565215. Fax: +358-9-4552103. E-mail:
| | - L. Flander
- VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, P.O. Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - R. Heinonen
- VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, P.O. Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - A. Kinnunen
- VTT Biotechnology and Food Research, P.O. Box 1500, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland
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Knuutila S, Aalto Y, Autio K, Björkqvist AM, El-Rifai W, Hemmer S, Huhta T, Kettunen E, Kiuru-Kuhlefelt S, Larramendy ML, Lushnikova T, Monni O, Pere H, Tapper J, Tarkkanen M, Varis A, Wasenius VM, Wolf M, Zhu Y. DNA copy number losses in human neoplasms. Am J Pathol 1999; 155:683-94. [PMID: 10487825 PMCID: PMC1866903 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)65166-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/1999] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes reports of recurrent DNA sequence copy number losses in human neoplasms detected by comparative genomic hybridization. Recurrent losses that affect each of the chromosome arms in 73 tumor types are tabulated from 169 reports. The tables are available online at http://www.amjpathol.org and http://www. helsinki.fi/ approximately lglvwww/CMG.html. The genes relevant to the lost regions are discussed for each of the chromosomes. The review is supplemented also by a list of known and putative tumor suppressor genes and DNA repair genes (see Table 1, online). Losses are found in all chromosome arms, but they seem to be relatively rare at 1q, 2p, 3q, 5p, 6p, 7p, 7q, 8q, 12p, and 20q. Losses and their minimal common overlapping areas that were present in a great proportion of the 73 tumor entities reported in Table 2 (see online) are (in descending order of frequency): 9p23-p24 (48%), 13q21 (47%), 6q16 (44%), 6q26-q27 (44%), 8p23 (37%), 18q22-q23 (37%), 17p12-p13 (34%), 1p36.1 (34%), 11q23 (33%), 1p22 (32%), 4q32-qter (31%), 14q22-q23 (25%), 10q23 (25%), 10q25-qter (25%),15q21 (23%), 16q22 (23%), 5q21 (23%), 3p12-p14 (22%), 22q12 (22%), Xp21 (21%), Xq21 (21%), and 10p12 (20%). The frequency of losses at chromosomes 7 and 20 was less than 10% in all tumors. The chromosomal regions in which the most frequent losses are found implicate locations of essential tumor suppressor genes and DNA repair genes that may be involved in the pathogenesis of several tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Knuutila
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Abstract
Two-color centromeric FISH was used to study the inclusion of the X and Y chromosomes in micronuclei of cultured lymphocytes from 10 men representing two age groups (21-29 years and 51-55 years). In addition, pancentromeric FISH was separately performed to identify any human chromosomes in micronuclei. One hundred micronuclei per probe were examined from each donor. A higher mean frequency of Y-positive micronuclei was observed in the older men than in the younger men. In both age groups, the X chromosome was micronucleated clearly more often than expected by chance, and the Y chromosome was overrepresented in micronuclei among the older men but not among the younger men. In lymphocytes of four women, X-positive micronuclei were more frequent than they were in men, even after the fact that women have two X chromosomes was taken into account. Similar results were obtained in first-division lymphocytes identified by cytochalasin-B-induced cytokinesis block. In comparison with normal cells, these binucleate cells showed a higher frequency (per 1,000 nuclei) of X-positive micronuclei (in the older men) but a lower frequency of micronuclei harboring autosomes or acentric fragments. In conclusion, the results show that both the X chromosome and the Y chromosome are preferentially micronucleated in male lymphocytes, the Y chromosome only in older subjects. Although the X chromosome has a general tendency to be included in micronuclei, it is micronucleated much more often in women than in men, which is probably the main reason for the high micronucleus frequency in women that has been documented in many previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Catalán
- Department of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Findland
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Autio K, Aalto Y, Franssila K, Elonen E, Joensuu H, Knuutila S. Low number of DNA copy number changes in small lymphocytic lymphoma. Haematologica 1998; 83:690-2. [PMID: 9793251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) is morphologically and immunologically similar to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and the new REAL classification refers to them as a single disease termed SLL/CLL. Recently, frequent losses in 6q, 11q and/or 13q were observed in CLL using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). We performed CGH analyses in order to find out whether these two entities contain the same DNA copy number changes. DESIGN AND METHODS Seventeen patients with stage IV disease and one with stage III disease were studied by CGH. CGH is based on quantitation of the fluorescence intensity of differentially labeled DNAs. For this purpose tumor DNA labeled with FITC-12dUTP and normal DNA labeled with Texas red-5dUTP were hybridized to normal metaphase chromosomes. The ratio of fluorescence intensity of hybridized tumor and normal DNA was measured using computerized image microscopy to identify over- or under-represented regions in the tumor genome. All findings were confirmed using a confidence interval of 99% with a 1% error probability. RESULTS The most consistent finding was a gain of the entire chromosome 12 observed in three patients and a loss in 14q24 in one patient. No other changes were detected. All abnormal cases presented with stage IV disease and had bone marrow infiltration. Two 12+ cases had a leukemic disease. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that trisomy 12 is one of the most frequent chromosomal aberrations in SLL. Losses regarded as typical of CLL were not present in SLL. This may indicate that the genetic pathways in the development of SLL/CLL in patients presenting with enlarged lymph nodes (SLL) with or without leukemia are different from those in patients presenting with leukemia (CLL) without enlarged lymph nodes.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aneuploidy
- Chromosome Aberrations
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- Female
- Humans
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/classification
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Male
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Trisomy
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Affiliation(s)
- K Autio
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Knuutila S, Björkqvist AM, Autio K, Tarkkanen M, Wolf M, Monni O, Szymanska J, Larramendy ML, Tapper J, Pere H, El-Rifai W, Hemmer S, Wasenius VM, Vidgren V, Zhu Y. DNA copy number amplifications in human neoplasms: review of comparative genomic hybridization studies. Am J Pathol 1998; 152:1107-23. [PMID: 9588877 PMCID: PMC1858578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes reports of recurrent DNA sequence copy number amplifications in human neoplasms detected by comparative genomic hybridization. Some of the chromosomal areas with recurrent DNA copy number amplifications (amplicons) of 1p22-p31, 1p32-p36, 1q, 2p13-p16, 2p23-p25, 2q31-q33, 3q, 5p, 6p12-pter, 7p12-p13, 7q11.2, 7q21-q22, 8p11-p12, 8q, 11q13-q14, 12p, 12q13-q21, 13q14, 13q22-qter, 14q13-q21, 15q24-qter, 17p11.2-p12, 17q12-q21, 17q22-qter, 18q, 19p13.2-pter, 19cen-q13.3, 20p11.2-p12, 20q, Xp11.2-p21, and Xp11-q13 and genes therein are presented in more detail. The paper with more than 150 references and two tables can be accessed from our web site http://www.helsinki.fi/lglvwww/CMG.html. The data will be updated biannually until the year 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Knuutila
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
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