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Christiaens G, Defurne M, Sokhan D, Achenbach P, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Atac H, Avakian H, Gayoso CA, Baashen L, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benkel B, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Booth WA, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Brinkmann KT, Briscoe WJ, Bueltmann S, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Cao T, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chesnokov V, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clash G, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Deur A, Diehl S, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, Alaoui AE, Fassi LE, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Filippi A, Gates K, Gavalian G, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gosta G, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hobart A, Holmberg DE, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Kim W, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lagerquist V, Lanza L, Kabir ML, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Li X, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Mascagna V, Matousek G, McKinnon B, McLauchlin C, Meziani ZE, Migliorati S, Milner RG, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Molina E, Camacho CM, Nadel-Turonski P, Naidoo P, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Nicol M, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ouillon M, Pandey P, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Paul SJ, Phelps W, Pilleux N, Pokhrel M, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Radic A, Ramasubramanian N, Raue BA, Reed T, Richards J, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schadmand S, Schmidt A, Scott MBC, Sharabian YG, Shirokov EV, Shrestha U, Simmerling P, Sparveris N, Spreafico M, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tan JA, Trotta N, Turisini M, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Vallarino S, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei X, Williams R, Wishart R, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Ziegler V, Zurek M. First CLAS12 Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Beam-Spin Asymmetries in the Extended Valence Region. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:211902. [PMID: 37295113 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.211902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) allows one to probe generalized parton distributions describing the 3D structure of the nucleon. We report the first measurement of the DVCS beam-spin asymmetry using the CLAS12 spectrometer with a 10.2 and 10.6 GeV electron beam scattering from unpolarized protons. The results greatly extend the Q^{2} and Bjorken-x phase space beyond the existing data in the valence region and provide 1600 new data points measured with unprecedented statistical uncertainty, setting new, tight constraints for future phenomenological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Christiaens
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Sokhan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Achenbach
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Baashen
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Bashkanov
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - B Benkel
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - W A Booth
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K-Th Brinkmann
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Bueltmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Cao
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Chesnokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - T Chetry
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Clash
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - K Gates
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Gosta
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D E Holmberg
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Kripko
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Lagerquist
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - M Leali
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - X Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Mascagna
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - G Matousek
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C McLauchlin
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Z E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Migliorati
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - R G Milner
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Molina
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Nicol
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Ouillon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Pandey
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Paul
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - W Phelps
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Pilleux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Pokhrel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Radic
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Trevor Reed
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Richards
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), 52428 Juelich, Germany
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - S Schadmand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), 52428 Juelich, Germany
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - M B C Scott
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E V Shirokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P Simmerling
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Spreafico
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Trotta
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Turisini
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Vallarino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Venturelli
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Williams
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Wishart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - V Ziegler
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Weigard A, Lane S, Gates K, Beltz A. The influence of autoregressive relation strength and search strategy on directionality recovery in group iterative multiple model estimation. Psychol Methods 2023; 28:379-400. [PMID: 34941327 PMCID: PMC9897594 DOI: 10.1037/met0000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Unified structural equation modeling (uSEM) implemented in the group iterative multiple model estimation (GIMME) framework has recently been widely used for characterizing within-person network dynamics of behavioral and functional neuroimaging variables. Previous studies have established that GIMME accurately recovers the presence of relations between variables. However, recovery of relation directionality is less consistent, which is concerning given the importance of directionality estimates for many research questions. There is evidence that strong autoregressive relations may aid directionality recovery and indirect evidence that a novel version of GIMME allowing for multiple solutions could improve recovery when such relations are weak, but it remains unclear how these strategies perform under a range of study conditions. Using comprehensive simulations that varied the strength of autoregressive relations among other factors, this study evaluated the directionality recovery of two GIMME search strategies: (a) estimating autoregressive relations by default in the null model (GIMME-AR) and (b) generating multiple solution paths (GIMME-MS). Both strategies recovered directionality best-and were roughly equivalent in performance-when autoregressive relations were strong (e.g., β = .60). When they were weak (β ≤ .10), GIMME-MS displayed an advantage, although overall directionality recovery was modest. Analyses of empirical data in which autoregressive relations were characteristically strong (resting state functional MRI) versus weak (daily diary) mirrored simulation results and confirmed that these strategies can disagree on directionality when autoregressive relations are weak. Findings have important implications for psychological and neuroimaging applications of uSEM/GIMME and suggest specific scenarios in which researchers might or might not be confident in directionality results. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Weigard
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan
| | - Stephanie Lane
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Kathleen Gates
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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3
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Avakian H, Hayward TB, Kotzinian A, Armstrong WR, Atac H, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Baashen L, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benkel B, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biondo L, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Boiarinov S, Bossù F, Brinkman KT, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bueltmann S, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Capobianco R, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chesnokov V, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dupre R, Egiyan H, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Filippi A, Forest T, Gates K, Gavalian G, Ghandilyan Y, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gosta G, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Heddle D, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Hyde CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Johnston R, Joo K, Kabir ML, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Kim A, Kim W, Klimenko V, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lagerquist V, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Li X, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Migliorati S, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Naidoo P, Neupane K, Nguyen D, Niccolai S, Nicol M, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Pandey P, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Paul SJ, Phelps W, Pilleux N, Pogorelko O, Pokhrel M, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Raue BA, Reed T, Richards J, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Sharabian YG, Shirokov EV, Shrestha U, Simmerling P, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tan JA, Trotta N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Vallarino S, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Vossen A, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei X, Wishart R, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhao ZW, Zurek M. Observation of Correlations between Spin and Transverse Momenta in Back-to-Back Dihadron Production at CLAS12. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:022501. [PMID: 36706384 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.022501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurements of deep inelastic scattering spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries in back-to-back dihadron electroproduction in the deep inelastic scattering process. In this reaction, two hadrons are produced in opposite hemispheres along the z axis in the virtual photon-target nucleon center-of-mass frame, with the first hadron produced in the current-fragmentation region and the second in the target-fragmentation region. The data were taken with longitudinally polarized electron beams of 10.2 and 10.6 GeV incident on an unpolarized liquid-hydrogen target using the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. Observed nonzero sinΔϕ modulations in ep→e^{'}pπ^{+}X events, where Δϕ is the difference of the azimuthal angles of the proton and pion in the virtual photon and target nucleon center-of-mass frame, indicate that correlations between the spin and transverse momenta of hadrons produced in the target- and current-fragmentation regions may be significant. The measured beam-spin asymmetries provide a first access in dihadron production to a previously unexplored leading-twist spin- and transverse-momentum-dependent fracture function. The fracture functions describe the hadronization of the target remnant after the hard scattering of a virtual photon off a quark in the target particle and provide a new avenue for studying nucleonic structure and hadronization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Kotzinian
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - W R Armstrong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Baashen
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Bashkanov
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - B Benkel
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - L Biondo
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K T Brinkman
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - S Bueltmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Capobianco
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Chesnokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - T Chetry
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - K Gates
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Gosta
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R Johnston
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - V Klimenko
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Kripko
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Lagerquist
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - X Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Mascagna
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Migliorati
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Nicol
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Pandey
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Paul
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - W Phelps
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Pilleux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - M Pokhrel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - T Reed
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Richards
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), 52428 Juelich, Germany
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E V Shirokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - U Shrestha
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P Simmerling
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Trotta
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Vallarino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Venturelli
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Vossen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Wishart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Halpin PF, Gates K, Liu S. Guest Editors' Introduction to the Special Issue on Forecasting with Intensive Longitudinal Data. Psychometrika 2022; 87:373-375. [PMID: 35230595 DOI: 10.1007/s11336-022-09850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter F Halpin
- School of Education, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100 E Cameron Ave, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3500, USA.
| | - Kathleen Gates
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 341A Davie Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3720, USA
| | - Siwei Liu
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Abstract
Data-driven model searches provide the opportunity to quantify person-specific processes using ambulatory assessment data. Here, the search space typically includes all potential relations among variables, meaning that all variables can potentially explain variability in all other variables. Oftentimes, this is unrealistic. For example, weather is unlikely to be predicted by someone's emotional state, whereas the reverse might be true. Allowing for specification of exogenous variables, or variables that are not predicted within the system, permits more realistic models and allows the researcher to model contextual change processes via the use of moderation variables. We use two sets of daily diary data to demonstrate the capabilities of allowing for the specification of exogenous variables in GIMME (Group Iterative Multiple Model Estimation), a model search algorithm that allows for models with idiographic, individual-level as well as subgroup- and group-level processes with intensive longitudinal data. First, using data collected from individuals diagnosed with personality disorders, we show results where weather-related and temporal basis variables are specified as exogenous, and reports on affect and behavior are endogenous. Next, we demonstrate the modeling of treatment effects in an intervention study, looking at data from a 6-week meditation workshop in midlife adults. Finally, we use the meditation intervention data to demonstrate modeling moderation effects, where relationships between two endogenous variables are dependent on the current stage of the study for a given participant (i.e., currently attending meditation classes or not). We end by presenting adaptive LASSO as a method for probing results obtained from GIMME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Arizmendi
- The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, CB #3270, Davie Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA.
| | - Kathleen Gates
- The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, CB #3270, Davie Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA
| | - Barbara Fredrickson
- The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, CB #3270, Davie Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA
| | - Aidan Wright
- The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
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Groen R, Arizmendi C, Gates K, Schreuder M, Wichers M, Hartman C, Wigman J. Individual-specific and subgroup level associations between stress and psychopathology in daily life: A temporal network investigation. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9471384 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stress is a risk factor for developing psychopathology. Emerging evidence suggests that daily experiences of stress may also predict symptoms during the day. It is unclear to what extent the influence of stress on psychopathology during the day is the same across individuals (including across diagnostic boundaries), and which effects are individual-specific Objectives This study aims to reveal how stress and symptoms are interrelated in a cross-diagnostic context by modeling individual level temporal networks, and examining subgroups with similar dynamics. Methods Hundred twenty two young adults (43.4% women) with a wide range of psychopathology in terms of severity and type of problems completed a six-month daily diary study. We used a temporal network approach (i.e., group iterative multiple model estimation) to model how stress and ten specific symptoms (e.g., feeling down, paranoia, restlessness) were related across time at the individual-specific, subgroup, and group level. Results After controlling for the lagged influence of stress on itself, stress level predicted the level of restlessness, worrying, nervousness, and feeling down during the same day for >70% of individuals. We observed three larger subgroups with each over 20 individuals, whose temporal networks showed different dynamic patterns involving specific symptoms. Effects of stress on other specific symptoms differed across individuals, and these were not subgroup-specific. Conclusions This study showed important overlap between individuals in terms of impact of stress on psychopathology in daily life. Subtle differences between individuals were also observed. Possibly, such differences are relevant for examining individual-specific vulnerability for future psychopathology. This requires further investigation. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Shah S, Gates K, Mallory C, Rubens M, Appel H, Niazi T, Maher O, Khatib Z, Kalman N, Kotecha R, Mehta M, Hall M. Survival Impact Of Postoperative Radiotherapy Timing In Pediatric And Young Adult Ependymoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gao Y, Linke A, Jao Keehn RJ, Punyamurthula S, Jahedi A, Gates K, Fishman I, Müller RA. The language network in autism: Atypical functional connectivity with default mode and visual regions. Autism Res 2019; 12:1344-1355. [PMID: 31317655 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental disorders associated with atypical brain connectivity. Although language abilities vary widely, they are impaired or atypical in most children with ASDs. Underlying brain mechanisms, however, are not fully understood. The present study examined intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) of the extended language network in a cohort of 52 children and adolescents with ASDs (ages 8-18 years), using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found that, in comparison to typically developing peers (n = 50), children with ASDs showed increased connectivity between some language regions. In addition, seed-to-whole brain analyses revealed increased connectivity of language regions with posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and visual regions in the ASD group. Post hoc effective connectivity analyses revealed a mediation effect of PCC on the iFC between bilateral inferior frontal and visual regions in an ASD subgroup. This finding qualifies and expands on previous reports of recruitment of visual areas in language processing in ASDs. In addition, increased iFC between PCC and visual regions was linked to lower language scores in this ASD subgroup, suggesting that increased connectivity with visual cortices, mediated by default mode regions, may be detrimental to language abilities. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1344-1355. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We examined the functional connectivity between regions of the language network in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) compared to typically developing peers. We found connectivity to be intact between core language in the ASD group, but also showed abnormally increased connectivity between regions of an extended language network. Additionally, connectivity was increased with regions associated with brain networks responsible for self-reflection and visual processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfeifei Gao
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.,San Diego State University, University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
| | - Annika Linke
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Ruth Joanne Jao Keehn
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Sanjana Punyamurthula
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Afrooz Jahedi
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.,Computational Science Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Kathleen Gates
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Inna Fishman
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.,San Diego State University, University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
| | - Ralph-Axel Müller
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.,San Diego State University, University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California
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9
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Mai N, Gates K, Prifti L, Lim K, O'Reilly M, Kim M, Halterman MW. Abstract WP351: Lung-Specific Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Blocks Neutrophil-Mediated Toxicity in Brain Ischemia-Reperfusion. Stroke 2019. [DOI: 10.1161/str.50.suppl_1.wp351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Tissue damage and neuroinflammatory responses associated with cerebral ischemia trigger a systemic immune response that exacerbates brain injury during reperfusion and adversely influences functional recovery. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are the first-line response to inflammation following acute brain injury, and evidence implicates lung-dependent PMN depriming as a critical endogenous protective mechanism against reperfusion injury.
Methods:
We explored mechanisms of PMN priming and neurotoxicity with
in vivo
modeling of systemic inflammation after brain ischemia-reperfusion as well as cellular culture experiments. Using transgenic mice overexpressing the human antioxidant gene superoxide dismutase 3 in the lung (TgSOD3), we tested the hypothesis that manipulation of the lung’s redox environment could mitigate PMN activation and post-ischemic brain injury. Injury was induced by occlusion of the common carotid and basilar arteries followed by reperfusion and lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation. To assess cell interactions using live microscopy, we cultured primary cortical neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) with primed PMNs from wild-type or TgSOD3 mice.
Results:
Our results show that pulmonary SOD3 protects against peripheral PMN activation, lung injury, brain injury, and neuroinflammation after ischemia/reperfusion with systemic inflammation. We also found that PMNs from TgSOD3 mice are less toxic to post-OGD cultures compared to wild-type PMNs. Our data indicate that direct cell-cell contact is required for PMN-dependent neurotoxicity in mixed cellular cultures and that pre-exposure of neurons to OGD amplifies this response. Analyses reveal that PMNs effect a considerable degree of neuritic damage
in vitro
, while
in vivo
modeling demonstrates cortical injury, blood-brain barrier compromise, PMN activation, and lung injury after reperfusion.
Conclusion:
Collectively, these studies expand our understanding of PMN-dependent mechanisms in post-ischemic toxicity, both directly on neurons and via effects on CNS inflammation, and argue that the inflammatory milieu within the lung may modulate CNS reperfusion injury via manipulation of peripheral PMN priming.
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10
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Henry TR, Dichter GS, Gates K. Age and Gender Effects on Intrinsic Connectivity in Autism Using Functional Integration and Segregation. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2017; 3:414-422. [PMID: 29735152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to examine intrinsic whole-brain functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using the framework of functional segregation and integration. Emphasis was given to potential gender and developmental effects as well as identification of specific networks that may contribute to the global results. METHODS We leveraged an open data resource (N = 1587) of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data in the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) initiative, combining data from more than 2100 unique cross-sectional datasets in ABIDE I and ABIDE II collected at different sites. Modularity and global efficiency were utilized to assess functional segregation and integration, respectively. A meta-analytic approach for handling site differences was used. The effects of age, gender, and diagnostic category on segregation and integration were assessed using linear regression. RESULTS Modularity decreased nonlinearly in the ASD group with age, as evidenced by an increase and then decrease over development. Global efficiency had an opposite relationship with age by first decreasing and then increasing in the ASD group. Both modularity and global efficiency remained largely stable in the typically developing control group during development, representing a significantly different effect than seen in the ASD group. Age effects on modularity were localized to the somatosensory network. Finally, a marginally significant interaction between age, gender, and diagnostic category was found for modularity. CONCLUSIONS Our results support prior work that suggested a quadratic effect of age on brain development in ASD, while providing new insights about the specific characteristics of developmental and gender effects on intrinsic connectivity in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teague Rhine Henry
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
| | - Gabriel S Dichter
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kathleen Gates
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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11
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Hilimire TA, Chamberlain JM, Anokhina V, Bennett RP, Swart O, Myers JR, Ashton JM, Stewart RA, Featherston AL, Gates K, Helms ED, Smith HC, Dewhurst S, Miller BL. HIV-1 Frameshift RNA-Targeted Triazoles Inhibit Propagation of Replication-Competent and Multi-Drug-Resistant HIV in Human Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1674-1682. [PMID: 28448121 PMCID: PMC5477779 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
HIV-1 frameshift-stimulating (FSS) RNA, a regulatory RNA of
critical importance in the virus’ life cycle, has been posited
as a novel target for anti-HIV drug development. We report the synthesis
and evaluation of triazole-containing compounds able to bind the FSS
with high affinity and selectivity. Readily accessible synthetically,
these compounds are less toxic than previously reported olefin congeners.
We show for the first time that FSS-targeting compounds have antiviral
activity against replication-competent HIV in human cells, including
a highly cytopathic, multidrug-resistant strain. These results support
the viability of the HIV-1 FSS RNA as a therapeutic target and more
generally highlight opportunities for synthetic molecule-mediated
interference with protein recoding in a wide range of organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric D. Helms
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Geneseo, Geneseo, New York 14454, United States
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12
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Price RB, Lane S, Gates K, Kraynak TE, Horner MS, Thase ME, Siegle GJ. Parsing Heterogeneity in the Brain Connectivity of Depressed and Healthy Adults During Positive Mood. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 81:347-357. [PMID: 27712830 PMCID: PMC5215983 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is well-known heterogeneity in affective mechanisms in depression that may extend to positive affect. We used data-driven parsing of neural connectivity to reveal subgroups present across depressed and healthy individuals during positive processing, informing targets for mechanistic intervention. METHODS Ninety-two individuals (68 depressed patients, 24 never-depressed control subjects) completed a sustained positive mood induction during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Directed functional connectivity paths within a depression-relevant network were characterized using Group Iterative Multiple Model Estimation (GIMME), a method shown to accurately recover the direction and presence of connectivity paths in individual participants. During model selection, individuals were clustered using community detection on neural connectivity estimates. Subgroups were externally tested across multiple levels of analysis. RESULTS Two connectivity-based subgroups emerged: subgroup A, characterized by weaker connectivity overall, and subgroup B, exhibiting hyperconnectivity (relative to subgroup A), particularly among ventral affective regions. Subgroup predicted diagnostic status (subgroup B contained 81% of patients; 50% of control subjects; χ2 = 8.6, p = .003) and default mode network connectivity during a separate resting-state task. Among patients, subgroup B members had higher self-reported symptoms, lower sustained positive mood during the induction, and higher negative bias on a reaction-time task. Symptom-based depression subgroups did not predict these external variables. CONCLUSIONS Neural connectivity-based categorization travels with diagnostic category and is clinically predictive, but not clinically deterministic. Both patients and control subjects showed heterogeneous, and overlapping, profiles. The larger and more severely affected patient subgroup was characterized by ventrally driven hyperconnectivity during positive processing. Data-driven parsing suggests heterogeneous substrates of depression and possible resilience in control subjects in spite of biological overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael E. Thase
- Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center
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13
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14
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Sinclair C, Auret K, Gates K, Evans S. O-62 Factors influencing gp’s clinical judgements about initiating acp: An experimental vignette study of australian gp’s. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2015-000978.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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15
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Hillary FG, Medaglia JD, Gates K, Molenaar PC, Slocomb J, Peechatka A, Good DC. Examining working memory task acquisition in a disrupted neural network. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 134:1555-70. [PMID: 21571783 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There is mounting literature that examines brain activation during tasks of working memory in individuals with neurological disorders such as traumatic brain injury. These studies represent a foundation for understanding the functional brain changes that occur after moderate and severe traumatic brain injury, but the focus on topographical brain-'activation' differences ignores potential alterations in how nodes communicate within a distributed neural network. The present study makes use of the most recently developed connectivity modelling (extended-unified structural equation model) to examine performance during a well-established working-memory task (the n-back) in individuals sustaining moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. The goal is to use the findings observed in topographical activation analysis as the basis for second-level effective connectivity modelling. Findings reveal important between-group differences in within-hemisphere connectivity during task acquisition, with the control sample demonstrating rapid within-left hemisphere connectivity increases and the traumatic brain injury sample demonstrating consistently elevated within-right hemisphere connectivity. These findings also point to important maturational effects from 'early' to 'late' during task performance, including diminished right prefrontal cortex involvement and an anterior to posterior shift in connectivity with increased task exposure. We anticipate that this approach to functional imaging data analysis represents an important future direction for understanding how neural plasticity is expressed in brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank G Hillary
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, 223 Bruce V. Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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16
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Gates K, Chang N, Dilek I, Jian H, Pogue S, Sreenivasan U. The Uncertainty of Reference Standards--A Guide to Understanding Factors Impacting Uncertainty, Uncertainty Calculations, and Vendor Certifications. J Anal Toxicol 2009; 33:532-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/33.8.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Abstract
Although religion is thought to be a positive aspect of life, sometimes that is not always the case. One potentially negative effect of religion is the way people learn to perceive their bodies. Although many studies have examined factors that influence disordered eating (e.g., gender, self-esteem), few studies have examined the relationships among disordered eating and religious affiliation and religious angst. In the present study of 330 undergraduates, we found that Catholics and Christians displayed significantly more disordered eating than did other students. In addition, individuals scoring high on religious angst also reported more disordered eating behaviors than did other students. Implications for counseling will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gates
- Department of Psychology, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725-1715, USA
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18
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Gates K, Santos EJ, Nguyen M, Granovskaya I, Servidio A, Turzanski M. Gerontology education initiatives in the health sciences: seeking advice from students in focus group conversations. Perspectives 2009; 33:6-13. [PMID: 20162894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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19
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Birnbaum Y, Criger DA, Wagner GS, Strasberg B, Mager A, Gates K, Granger CB, Ross AM, Barbash GI. Prediction of the extent and severity of left ventricular dysfunction in anterior acute myocardial infarction by the admission electrocardiogram. Am Heart J 2001; 141:915-24. [PMID: 11376304 DOI: 10.1067/mhj.2001.115300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The grade of ischemia, as detected by the relation between the QRS complex and ST segment on the admission electrocardiogram, is associated with larger infarct size and increased mortality rates in acute myocardial infarction. METHODS We assessed the correlation between left ventricular function and the admission electrocardiogram in 151 patients with first anterior acute myocardial infarction who received thrombolytic therapy and underwent cardiac catheterization at 90 minutes and before hospital discharge. The number of leads with ST elevation, sum of ST elevation, maximal Selvester score, and the presence of severe (grade 3) ischemia were determined in each electrocardiogram. Left ventricular ejection fraction, the number of chords with wall motion abnormalities, and the severity of dysfunction (SD/chord) were determined. RESULTS At 90 minutes, the 39 ischemia grade 3 patients had lower ejection fraction than the 112 grade 2 patients. Both at 90 minutes and at hospital discharge, the grade 3 group had more chords with wall motion abnormalities and more severe regional dysfunction (SD/chord). However, the number of leads with ST elevation, sum of ST elevation, and maximal Selvester score had no correlation with ejection fraction at 90 minutes and only mild correlation with the extent of dysfunction (number of chords) at 90 minutes. There was no correlation between either the number of leads with ST elevation or the sum of ST elevation and the severity of regional dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS The number of leads with ST elevation, sum of ST elevation, and maximal Selvester score had only mild correlation with the extent of myocardial dysfunction but not with the severity of dysfunction. Grade 3 ischemia is predictive of more extensive myocardial involvement and greater severity of regional dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Birnbaum
- Division of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tiqva, Israel.
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20
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Maynard P, Gates K, Roux C, Lennard C. Adhesive tape analysis: establishing the evidential value of specific techniques. J Forensic Sci 2001; 46:280-7. [PMID: 11305429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the evidential value of specific methods of analysis for packaging tapes and clear adhesive tapes available in Australia. Fifty-eight adhesive tapes were analyzed using a wide range of optical, physical, and chemical techniques. The results were collated for the purpose of creating an Australian database of adhesive tapes, which would be of assistance in criminal investigation. Each technique was evaluated for its discriminating power, both for comparative purposes and for the identification of adhesive tapes by comparing unknown samples with the database. The combined discriminating power of the techniques applied is very high. It is possible to individually identify the source of an unknown adhesive tape sample in many instances by searching the database. It is also possible to form an opinion on the significance of a failure-to-discriminate result in comparative casework. Further work is still needed to expand and update the database, as well as compiling data on the relative market share of various products.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Maynard
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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21
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Barbagelata A, Califf RM, Sgarbossa EB, Goodman SG, Knight D, Mark DB, Granger CB, Agranatti DA, Mautner B, Ohman EM, Suárez LD, Armstrong PW, Gates K, Wagner GS. Use of resources, quality of life, and clinical outcomes in patients with and without new Q waves after thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction (from the GUSTO-I trial). Am J Cardiol 2000; 86:24-9. [PMID: 10867087 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(00)00823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports indicate that patients who do not develop Q waves after thrombolytic therapy are a different population with a better long-term survival than those who do develop Q waves. However, the use of resources, quality of life, and health status of this population have not been fully evaluated. Using data from the Economics and Quality of Life subset of the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and tPA for Occluded Arteries study, we examined 30-day and 1-year mortality, use of resources, and quality-of-life measures among 1,830 of 3,000 patients with acute myocardial infarction and ST-segment elevation treated with thrombolytic therapy. At hospital discharge, 555 patients (30.2%) had not developed Q waves. These patients had lower mortality than patients with Q waves at 30 days (1.6% vs 4.5%, p <0.01) and at 1 year (4.7% vs 6.8%, p <0.04). Recurrent chest pain and dyspnea were similar at 30 days and 1 year. Patients without Q waves had significantly more angiography and trends toward higher readmission, revascularization, and use of calcium antagonists at 30 days. Angiography, revascularization, readmission, and quality of life were equivalent from 30 days to 1 year, with no sign of late instability. Logistic regression analysis showed an association between in-hospital revascularization and better survival and quality of life at 1 year. Conversely, there was no association between in-hospital use of calcium antagonists and outcome to explain the lower mortality in non-Q-wave patients. The absence of Q waves after thrombolytic therapy is a marker of success, implying better prognosis and equivalent quality of life, use of resources, and health status than for patients with Q-wave acute myocardial infarction and no sign of long-term unstable clinical course.
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22
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Birnbaum Y, Maynard C, Wolfe S, Mager A, Strasberg B, Rechavia E, Gates K, Wagner GS. Terminal QRS distortion on admission is better than ST-segment measurements in predicting final infarct size and assessing the Potential effect of thrombolytic therapy in anterior wall acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1999; 84:530-4. [PMID: 10482150 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(99)00372-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We assessed predicting final infarct size (using predischarge Selvester score) by 3 electrocardiographic variables in 267 patients with first anterior wall acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing (n = 86) or not undergoing (n = 181) thrombolysis. Patients with previous AMI or inverted T waves in leads with ST elevation were excluded. The sum (sigma) of ST elevation, the number of leads with ST elevation, and the initial electrocardiographic pattern were determined on the admission electrocardiogram (absence (QRS-) or presence (QRS+) of distortion of the terminal portion of the QRS in > or =2 leads (J point > or =0.5 of the R-wave amplitude in leads I, aVL, V4 to V6, or presence of ST elevation without S waves in leads V1 to V3). There was no association between sigmaST elevation and final infarct size in patients who did or did not receive thrombolytic therapy. Analysis of covariance showed that the number of leads with ST elevation (F = 19.6), thrombolysis (F = 25.2), and QRS+ initial pattern (F = 19.5) were all associated with final infarct size (p <0.0001 for all). Among patients who did not receive thrombolytic therapy, the average Selvester score was 19.7+/-9.9 for the QRS- patients and 26.1+/-10.4 for the QRS+ patients (p = 0.02). Among patients who received thrombolytic therapy, the average Selvester score was 11.7+/-9.8 for the QRS- patients and 24.2+/-10.1 for the QRS+ patients (p <0.0001). Thrombolysis reduced final Selvester score only in the QRS- group (p <0.00001), but not in the QRS+ group (p = 0.45). It is concluded that (1) final Selvester score in anterior wall AMI can be predicted by the number of leads with ST elevation, the initial electrocardiographic pattern, and thrombolysis, and (2) thrombolysis reduces final Selvester score only in patients with QRS- pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Birnbaum
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel.
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23
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Birnbaum Y, Wagner GS, Barbash GI, Gates K, Criger DA, Sclarovsky S, Siegel RJ, Granger CB, Reiner JS, Ross AM. Correlation of angiographic findings and right (V1 to V3) versus left (V4 to V6) precordial ST-segment depression in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83:143-8. [PMID: 10073811 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed whether differences in the underlying mechanisms for various patterns of precordial ST-segment depression with inferior acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are associated with poorer prognoses. We studied 1,155 patients with inferior AMI who underwent thrombolysis in the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and TPA for Occluded arteries (GUSTO-I) angiographic substudy: those without precordial ST depression (n = 412; 35.7%), those with maximum ST depression in leads V1 to V3 (n = 547; 47.4%), and those with maximum ST depression in leads V4 to V6 (n = 196; 17.0%) on admission electrocardiogram. We compared the infarct-related artery, presence of left anterior descending or multivessel coronary artery disease, and left ventricular function among groups. Patients with maximum ST depression in leads V4 to V6 more often had 3-vessel disease (26.0%) than those without precordial ST depression (13.5%) or those with ST depression in leads V1 to V3 (15.7%; p = 0.002), and they had a lower ejection fraction (median 54% vs 60% and 55%, respectively; p <0.001). Patients with maximum ST depression in leads V1 to V3 less often had AMIs due to proximal right coronary artery obstruction (23.9%) than patients without precordial ST depression (35.2%) or those with ST depression in leads V4 to V6 (40.0%; p = 0.001) and had larger AMIs as estimated by peak creatine kinase. Different patterns of precordial ST depression are associated with distinctive coronary anatomy. ST depression in leads V4 to V6, but not V1 to V3, confers a greater likelihood of multivessel coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Birnbaum
- Division of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tiqva, Israel.
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24
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Fayn J, Forlini M, Behlouli H, Edenbrandt L, Sörnmo L, Pettersson J, Gates K, Rubel P, Pahlm O, Wagner G. Typological characterization of the spatial QRS and ST-T changes during acute myocardial ischemia evoked by PTCA. J Electrocardiol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0736(99)90051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Birnbaum Y, Wagner G, Gates K, Criger D, Sclarovsky S, Siegel R, Granger C, Ross A. Precordial ST segment depression in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction: different angiographic finding between right (V1–V3) versus left (V4–V6) leads. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(98)81629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Barbagelata A, Califf RM, Sgarbossa EB, Goodman SG, Stebbins AL, Granger CB, Suarez LD, Borruel M, Gates K, Starr S, Wagner GS. Thrombolysis and Q wave versus non-Q wave first acute myocardial infarction: a GUSTO-I substudy. Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Arteries Investigators. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 29:770-7. [PMID: 9091523 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(96)00587-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed the outcomes of patients with a first myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation, with and without the development of abnormal Q waves after thrombolysis. BACKGROUND Prethrombolytic era studies report conflicting short-versus long-term mortality in the overall non-Q wave population, probably related to its heterogeneity. METHODS Patients with no electrocardiographic (ECG) confounding factors or evidence of previous infarction were included. Q wave infarction was defined as a Q wave duration > or = 30 ms in lead aVF; R wave > or = 40 ms in lead V1; any Q wave or R wave < or = 10 ms and < or = 0.1 mV in lead V2; or Q wave > or = 40 ms in at least two of the following leads: I, aVL, V4, V5 or V6. In-hospital clinical events and mortality at 30 days and 1 year were assessed. RESULTS No Q waves developed in 4,601 (21.3%) of the 21,570 patients. This group comprised more women and had a lower Killip class, lower weight and less anterior baseline ST elevation. The non-Q wave group had less in-hospital cardiogenic shock (2.1% vs. 3.3%, p < 0.0001), less heart failure (8.5% vs. 13.9%, p < 0.0001) and a trend toward less stroke (0.7% vs. 1.0%, p = 0.07) but an increased use of angioplasty (28% vs. 24%, p = 0.0001). The unadjusted mortality rate in the non-Q wave group was lower at 30 days (0.9% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.0001) and 1 year (2.7% vs. 4.2%, p = 0.0001), as was the adjusted 30-day mortality rate (4.8% vs. 5.3%, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with no ECG confounding factors or evidence of previous infarction who do not develop Q waves after thrombolysis have a better 30-day and 1-year prognosis than patients with a Q wave infarction.
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Maris JM, Jensen SJ, Sulman EP, Beltinger CP, Gates K, Allen C, Biegel JA, Brodeur GM, White PS. Cloning, chromosomal localization, physical mapping, and genomic characterization of HKR3. Genomics 1996; 35:289-98. [PMID: 8661141 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The Krüppel-type zinc finger proteins are members of a conserved family of transcription factors that are important in developmental regulation. Altered expression of several of these proteins has been implicated in human diseases, including cancer. We report the cloning, mapping, and characterization of the zinc finger gene Human Krüppel-Related 3 (HKR3). Genomic clones of HKR3 were isolated from a P1 library and localized to human chromosome subband 1p36.3 by human-rodent somatic cell hybrid mapping and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The gene was physically mapped to within 40 kb of D1S214 by YAC content and long-range restriction mapping. HKR3 spans 9.5 kb of genomic DNA and is contained in 11 exons. Sequencing defined each of the exon/intron splice site junctions and identified a CpG island in the 5' region of the gene. HKR3 is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues as at least two major transcripts, the shorter of which excludes a conserved finger-associated box and a putative acidic activation domain contained in the full-length transcript. HKR3 is a novel zinc finger gene that maps to a region of the genome commonly rearranged or deleted in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Maris
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
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28
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Lander P, Gomis P, Gates K, Hartman G, Lazzara R, Wagner G. Comparison of high-resolution and standard ECG parameters of myocardial ischemia during PTCA. J Electrocardiol 1996; 29 Suppl:167. [PMID: 9238395 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0736(96)80048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Lander
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73104, USA
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29
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Pryor WW, Blackhurst DW, Gates K, Wagner GS. Evaluation of computerized electrocardiographic interpretations in a community hospital. J S C Med Assoc 1995; 91:105-11. [PMID: 7739204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W W Pryor
- Division of Medical Education and Research, Greenville Hospital System, SC 29605, USA
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30
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Lander P, Gomis P, Hartman G, Gates K, Petterson J, Wagner G. Analysis of high-resolution ECG changes during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. J Electrocardiol 1995; 28 Suppl:39-40. [PMID: 8656126 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0736(95)80013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The authors have hypothesized that low-level, electrocardiographic changes may accompany transient ischemia induced by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Altered repolarization may manifest as subclinical changes in ST-T morphology. Changes in depolarization may manifest as low-amplitude notches and slurs, a phenomenon the authors term abnormal intra-QRS potentials. The initial aim of this study was to characterize changes in high-resolution electrocardiograph signals that might be linked to ischemic involvement of the ventricular myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lander
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
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31
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Pettersson J, Warren S, Mehta N, Lander P, Berbari EJ, Gates K, Sörnmo L, Pahlm O, Selvester RH, Wagner GS. Changes in high-frequency QRS components during prolonged coronary artery occlusion in humans. J Electrocardiol 1995; 28 Suppl:225-7. [PMID: 8656118 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0736(95)80062-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Pettersson
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Lund University, Sweden
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32
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Abstract
We performed a retrospective analysis of flow cytometry as a platelet crossmatching procedure. Sera from 17 alloimmunized refractory patients were tested against 32 donor platelets, which had been stored as platelet-rich plasma for up to 36 months. Overall, 14/32 (44%) crossmatches were positive. The mean 1 h posttransfusion corrected count increments (CCIs) were 9,195 and 2,269 for a negative and a positive crossmatch, respectively. The predictive value of a positive crossmatch was 86%, whereas the predictive value of a negative crossmatch was 56%. When samples with low background fluorescence or with high panel-reactive antibody (PRA) levels were evaluated separately, the accuracy of the crossmatch improved from 69% to 80%. When compared to the platelet adhesion immunofluorescence test (PAIFT) and the standard and antiglobulin-enhanced lymphocytotoxicity tests for the detection of HLA antibodies, flow cytometry appeared to be more sensitive. We conclude that flow cytometry is a useful technique for platelet crossmatching, particularly for alloimmunized patients for whom HLA compatible platelets may not be readily available.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gates
- Department of Medical Technology, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405
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33
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Gaffney TD, Lam ST, Ligon J, Gates K, Frazelle A, Di Maio J, Hill S, Goodwin S, Torkewitz N, Allshouse AM. Global regulation of expression of antifungal factors by a Pseudomonas fluorescens biological control strain. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 1994; 7:455-463. [PMID: 8075420 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-7-0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The root-colonizing bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens BL915 protects a variety of seedlings from damping-off disease caused by the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Spontaneous pleiotropic mutants of P. fluorescens strain BL915 which fail to synthesize antifungal factors such as chitinase, cyanide, and pyrrolnitrin and exhibit altered colony morphology were isolated. Such mutants fail to inhibit the growth of R. solani in vitro, and their biological control capability is sharply reduced. We characterized a genomic DNA fragment from strain BL915 which, when introduced into these pleiotropic mutants, restored the lost functions, the wild-type colony morphology, and bio-control activity. DNA sequence analysis of the genomic fragment revealed the presence of genes homologous to those of numerous bacterial global regulatory systems and identified a cluster of genes identical in organization to the Escherichia coli gene cluster consisting of uvrY, uvrC, pgsA, and glyW. Coordinate biosynthesis of multiple antifungal products in some heterologous Pseudomonas strains in response to the introduction of the strain BL915 genomic fragment confirmed the regulatory nature of sequences contained on this fragment. Further genetic analysis indicated a gene homologous to response regulators of bacterial two-component systems was sufficient to complement the pleiotropic mutants and to activate antifungal genes in heterologous strains. Marker exchange of a truncated version of this gene into the P. fluorescens BL915 chromosome generated pleiotropic mutants indistinguishable from the original spontaneous mutants. Cloning and sequencing of the response regulator gene from several spontaneous mutants allowed identification of various nucleotide changes associated with the gene in such mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Gaffney
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CIBA Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
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34
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Wolfinbarger L, Zhang Y, Adam BL, Sutherland V, Gates K, Brame B. A comprehensive study of physical parameters, biomechanical properties, and statistical correlations of iliac crest bone wedges used in spinal fusion surgery. II. Mechanical properties and correlation with physical parameters. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1994; 19:284-95. [PMID: 8171359 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-199402000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Iliac crest wedges have been the most frequently used bone graft in spinal fusion procedures since the 1970s. Physical parameters and correlations among physical parameters of allogeneic iliac crest wedges have been described in part I of this series. This article discusses the mechanical properties, as well as their correlations with physical parameters, of iliac crest wedges. A total of 250 frozen-thawed, freeze-dried, and rehydrated iliac crest wedges were used in this study. The axial load-bearing capacities for wedges in the three subgroups showed no statistically significant differences, however, rehydrated wedges appeared to have the greatest load bearing capacity and compressive strength. In addition, rehydrated wedges were more deformable than either the frozen-thawed or freeze-dried wedges. Based on biomechanical properties, it is suggested that rehydrated (1 hour in vacuo), or frozen-thawed iliac crest wedge should be used in spinal fusion procedures, and the direct clinical application of nonrehydrated freeze-dried wedges should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wolfinbarger
- Center for Biotechnology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
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35
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Zhang Y, Homsi D, Gates K, Oakes K, Sutherland V, Wolfinbarger L. A comprehensive study of physical parameters, biomechanical properties, and statistical correlations of iliac crest bone wedges used in spinal fusion surgery. IV. Effect of gamma irradiation on mechanical and material properties. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1994; 19:304-8. [PMID: 8171361 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-199402000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of gamma irradiation on mechanical and material properties of iliac crest wedges used in spinal fusion surgery were studied using uniaxial compression testing. The irradiated iliac crest wedges were exposed to 2-2.5 mrad as fresh-frozen and freeze-dried tissues. There were no significant differences in mechanical or material properties of the iliac crest wedges exposed to dosages of 2-2.5 mrad when compared to the nonirradiated wedges. It is suggested that 2-2.5 mrad is an acceptable dose for gamma irradiation sterilization of iliac crest wedges used in spinal fusion surgery and that these tissues may be treated at either the preprocessing or postprocessing stage of wedge production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
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36
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Selvester RH, Wagner GS, Ideker RE, Gates K, Starr S, Ahmed J, Crump R. ECG myocardial infarct size: a gender-, age-, race-insensitive 12-segment multiple regression model. I: Retrospective learning set of 100 pathoanatomic infarcts and 229 normal control subjects. J Electrocardiol 1994; 27 Suppl:31-41. [PMID: 7884373 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0736(94)80041-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this early study of ongoing work with multiple regression modeling for mapping myocardial infarct (MI) into 12 left ventricular (LV) segments, promising results have been presented using electrocardiographic (ECG) QRS variables that are gender, age, and race insensitive (GARI), the GARI-QRS 12-segment multiple regression model. These include Q, R, and S duration, expressed as percentage total QRS duration, and R/Q duration, R/Q amplitude, R/S duration, and R/S amplitude variables. For version I, building 12 regression models using 68 single and 32 multiple MIs, the GARI-QRS variables correlated with pathoanatomic MI in each of 12 segments with r values ranging from .67 to .88. In version II of the model, using all MIs and 229 normal subjects, r = .73-.91. Version II predictions of MI in 12 LV segments for each subject were used to calculate the predicted total percentage LV infarct, which correlated well with that found at autopsy. The r values found were .81 for all single MIs, .73 for multiple MIs, and .80 for all MIs taken together. With refinements of the input ECG variables to include (1) improvement in the GARI-QRS variables, (2) adding a significant number of subjects with hypertrophies and conduction defects with and without MI to an expanded learning set, and (3) applying the enhanced 12-LV-segment regression models to a similar test set, it is to be expected that these regression models can be improved even further in such a way as to be applicable to general clinical populations using routine computerized ECG analysis programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Selvester
- Memorial Medical Center of Long Beach, California 90801-1428
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Gates K. Dementia: a family problem. Gerontion 1986; 1:12-7. [PMID: 3632929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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38
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Gates K. Hope and wholeness. A true story based on one woman's experience with cancer. Can Nurse 1985; 81:38-9. [PMID: 3849335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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39
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Abstract
Softening of cucumbers in fermentations purged at high air-flow rates was caused by molds growing in the brined cucumbers, not in the brine. This conclusion is based on the following results: (i) no microorganisms were isolated in significant numbers from brines that caused softening of pasteurized brined cucumbers, (ii) no pectinolytic enzyme activities were produced in cucumber brines in the absence of cucumbers, (iii) the pickles in some air-purged fermentations became very soft without the appearance of any pectinolytic enzyme activity in the brine, (iv) mold hyphae were consistently observed in tissues of soft pickles, (v) molds consistently developed in cultures of slices of surface sterilized cucumbers taken from fermentations in which soft pickles were subsequently found, and (vi) molds belonging to the genera
Alternaria, Fusarium
, and
Mucor
isolated from slices all softened pasteurized brined cucumbers.
Images
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Costilow
- Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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