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Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been pursued as a more cost-effective and more sustainable alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but these advantages come at the expense of energy density. In this work, we demonstrate that the challenge of energy density for sodium chemistries can be overcome through an anode-free architecture enabled by the use of a nanocarbon nucleation layer formed on Al current collectors. Electrochemical studies show this configuration to provide highly stable and efficient plating and stripping of sodium metal over a range of currents up to 4 mA/cm2, sodium loading up to 12 mAh/cm2, and with long-term durability exceeding 1000 cycles at a current of 0.5 mA/cm2. Building upon this anode-free architecture, we demonstrate a full cell using a presodiated pyrite cathode to achieve energy densities of ∼400 Wh/kg, far surpassing recent reports on SIBs and even the theoretical maximum for LIB technology (387 Wh/kg for LiCoO2/graphite cells) while still relying on naturally abundant raw materials and cost-effective aqueous processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Cohn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Nitin Muralidharan
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Rachel Carter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Keith Share
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Cary L Pint
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Share K, Cohn AP, Carter R, Rogers B, Pint CL. Role of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene for Improved High-Capacity Potassium Ion Battery Anodes. ACS Nano 2016; 10:9738-9744. [PMID: 27718549 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Potassium is an earth abundant alternative to lithium for rechargeable batteries, but a critical limitation in potassium ion battery anodes is the low capacity of KC8 graphite intercalation compounds in comparison to conventional LiC6. Here we demonstrate that nitrogen doping of few-layered graphene can increase the storage capacity of potassium from a theoretical maximum of 278 mAh/g in graphite to over 350 mAh/g, competitive with anode capacity in commercial lithium ion batteries and the highest reported anode capacity so far for potassium ion batteries. Control studies distinguish the importance of nitrogen dopant sites as opposed to sp3 carbon defect sites to achieve the improved performance, which also enables >6× increase in rate performance of doped vs undoped materials. Finally, in situ Raman spectroscopy studies elucidate the staging sequence for doped and undoped materials and demonstrate the mechanism of the observed capacity enhancement to be correlated with distributed storage at local nitrogen sites in a staged KC8 compound. This study demonstrates a pathway to overcome the limitations of graphitic carbons for anodes in potassium ion batteries by atomically precise engineering of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Share
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Adam P Cohn
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Rachel Carter
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Bridget Rogers
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Cary L Pint
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Share K, Cohn AP, Carter RE, Pint CL. Mechanism of potassium ion intercalation staging in few layered graphene from in situ Raman spectroscopy. Nanoscale 2016; 8:16435-16439. [PMID: 27714105 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr04084e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently emerging potassium ion (K-ion) batteries offer a lower-cost alternative to lithium-ion batteries while enabling comparably high storage capacity. Here, we leverage the strong Raman spectroscopic response of few-layered graphene to provide the first insight into the electrochemical staging sequence for K+ ions in graphitic carbons. Our analysis reveals the signature of a dilute stage I compound that precedes formation of ordered intercalation compounds transitioning from stage VI (KC72), stage II (KC24), and stage I (KC8) and correlates electrochemical responses to the stage formation. Overall, our study emphasizes a minimum barrier to transfer the general understanding acquired for lithium-ion battery anodes to cheaper, earth abundant K-ion battery systems ideally suited for grid-scale storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Share
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA and Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
| | - Adam P Cohn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Rachel E Carter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Cary L Pint
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA and Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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Oakes L, Carter R, Hanken T, Cohn AP, Share K, Schmidt B, Pint CL. Interface strain in vertically stacked two-dimensional heterostructured carbon-MoS2 nanosheets controls electrochemical reactivity. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11796. [PMID: 27257139 PMCID: PMC4895792 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer numerous advantages for electrochemical energy storage and conversion due to fast charge transfer kinetics, highly accessible surface area, and tunable electronic and optical properties. Stacking of 2D materials generates heterogeneous interfaces that can modify native chemical and physical material properties. Here, we demonstrate that local strain at a carbon-MoS2 interface in a vertically stacked 2D material directs the pathway for chemical storage in MoS2 on lithium metal insertion. With average measured MoS2 strain of ∼0.1% due to lattice mismatch between the carbon and MoS2 layers, lithium insertion is facilitated by an energy-efficient cation-exchange transformation. This is compared with low-voltage lithium intercalation for unstrained MoS2. This observation implies that mechanical properties of interfaces in heterogeneous 2D materials can be leveraged to direct energetics of chemical processes relevant to a wide range of applications such as electrochemical energy storage and conversion, catalysis and sensing. Two-dimensional materials are promising for electrochemical energy storage, conversion, catalysis, and sensing. Here the authors leverage strain engineering using a two-dimensional stacked carbon-MoS2 material to control chemical storage pathways in MoS2 upon lithium metal insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon Oakes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.,Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Rachel Carter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Trevor Hanken
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Adam P Cohn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Keith Share
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.,Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Benjamin Schmidt
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Cary L Pint
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.,Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.,Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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Douglas A, Muralidharan N, Carter R, Share K, Pint CL. Ultrafast triggered transient energy storage by atomic layer deposition into porous silicon for integrated transient electronics. Nanoscale 2016; 8:7384-90. [PMID: 26984120 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr09095d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we demonstrate the first on-chip silicon-integrated rechargeable transient power source based on atomic layer deposition (ALD) coating of vanadium oxide (VOx) into porous silicon. A stable specific capacitance above 20 F g(-1) is achieved until the device is triggered with alkaline solutions. Due to the rational design of the active VOx coating enabled by ALD, transience occurs through a rapid disabling step that occurs within seconds, followed by full dissolution of all active materials within 30 minutes of the initial trigger. This work demonstrates how engineered materials for energy storage can provide a basis for next-generation transient systems and highlights porous silicon as a versatile scaffold to integrate transient energy storage into transient electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Douglas
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
| | - Nitin Muralidharan
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
| | - Rachel Carter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Keith Share
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
| | - Cary L Pint
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA and Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Cohn AP, Share K, Carter R, Oakes L, Pint CL. Ultrafast Solvent-Assisted Sodium Ion Intercalation into Highly Crystalline Few-Layered Graphene. Nano Lett 2016; 16:543-8. [PMID: 26618985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A maximum sodium capacity of ∼35 mAh/g has hampered the use of crystalline carbon nanostructures for sodium ion battery anodes. We demonstrate that a diglyme solvent shell encapsulating a sodium ion acts as a "nonstick" coating to facilitate rapid ion insertion into crystalline few-layer graphene and bypass slow desolvation kinetics. This yields storage capacities above 150 mAh/g, cycling performance with negligible capacity fade over 8000 cycles, and ∼100 mAh/g capacities maintained at currents of 30 A/g (∼12 s charge). Raman spectroscopy elucidates the ordered, but nondestructive cointercalation mechanism that differs from desolvated ion intercalation processes. In situ Raman measurements identify the Na(+) staging sequence and isolates Fermi energies for the first and second stage ternary intercalation compounds at ∼0.8 eV and ∼1.2 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Cohn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Keith Share
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Rachel Carter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Landon Oakes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Cary L Pint
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Douglas A, Carter R, Oakes L, Share K, Cohn AP, Pint CL. Ultrafine Iron Pyrite (FeS₂) Nanocrystals Improve Sodium-Sulfur and Lithium-Sulfur Conversion Reactions for Efficient Batteries. ACS Nano 2015; 9:11156-65. [PMID: 26529682 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystals with quantum-confined length scales are often considered impractical for metal-ion battery electrodes due to the dominance of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer effects on the measured storage properties. Here we demonstrate that ultrafine sizes (∼4.5 nm, average) of iron pyrite, or FeS2, nanoparticles are advantageous to sustain reversible conversion reactions in sodium ion and lithium ion batteries. This is attributed to a nanoparticle size comparable to or smaller than the diffusion length of Fe during cation exchange, yielding thermodynamically reversible nanodomains of converted Fe metal and NaxS or LixS conversion products. This is compared to bulk-like electrode materials, where kinetic and thermodynamic limitations of surface-nucleated conversion products inhibit successive conversion cycles. Reversible capacities over 500 and 600 mAh/g for sodium and lithium storage are observed for ultrafine nanoparticles, with improved cycling and rate capability. Unlike alloying or intercalation processes, where SEI effects limit the performance of ultrafine nanoparticles, our work highlights the benefit of quantum dot length-scale nanocrystal electrodes for nanoscale metal sulfide compounds that store energy through chemical conversion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cary L Pint
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Carter R, Chatterjee S, Gordon E, Share K, Erwin WR, Cohn AP, Bardhan R, Pint CL. Corrosion resistant three-dimensional nanotextured silicon for water photo-oxidation. Nanoscale 2015; 7:16755-16762. [PMID: 26400265 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03897a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the ability to chemically transform bulk silicon into a nanotextured surface that exhibits excellent electrochemical stability in aqueous conditions for water photo-oxidation. Conformal defective graphene coatings on nanotextured silicon formed by thermal treatment enable over 50× corrosion resistance in aqueous electrolytes based upon Tafel analysis and impedance spectroscopy. This enables nanotextured silicon as an effective oxygen-evolution photoanode for water splitting with saturation current density measured near 35 mA cm(-2) under 100 mW cm(-2) (1 sun) illumination. Our approach builds upon simple and scalable processing techniques with silicon to develop corrosion resistant electrodes that can benefit a broad range of catalytic and photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Carter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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Cohn AP, Erwin WR, Share K, Oakes L, Westover AS, Carter RE, Bardhan R, Pint CL. All silicon electrode photocapacitor for integrated energy storage and conversion. Nano Lett 2015; 15:2727-2731. [PMID: 25806838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a simple wafer-scale process by which an individual silicon wafer can be processed into a multifunctional platform where one side is adapted to replace platinum and enable triiodide reduction in a dye-sensitized solar cell and the other side provides on-board charge storage as an electrochemical supercapacitor. This builds upon electrochemical fabrication of dual-sided porous silicon and subsequent carbon surface passivation for silicon electrochemical stability. The utilization of this silicon multifunctional platform as a combined energy storage and conversion system yields a total device efficiency of 2.1%, where the high frequency discharge capability of the integrated supercapacitor gives promise for dynamic load-leveling operations to overcome current and voltage fluctuations during solar energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Cohn
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - William R Erwin
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Keith Share
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Landon Oakes
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Andrew S Westover
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Rachel E Carter
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Rizia Bardhan
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Cary L Pint
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, and §Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Westover AS, Freudiger D, Gani ZS, Share K, Oakes L, Carter RE, Pint CL. On-chip high power porous silicon lithium ion batteries with stable capacity over 10,000 cycles. Nanoscale 2015; 7:98-103. [PMID: 25407803 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr04720f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the operation of a graphene-passivated on-chip porous silicon material as a high rate lithium battery anode with over 50 X power density, and 100 X energy density improvement compared to identically prepared on-chip supercapacitors. We demonstrate this Faradaic storage behavior to occur at fast charging rates (1-10 mA cm(-2)) where lithium locally intercalates into the nanoporous silicon, preventing the degradation and poor cycling performance attributed to deep storage in the bulk silicon. This device exhibits cycling performance that exceeds 10,000 cycles with capacity above 0.1 mA h cm(-2) without notable capacity fade. This demonstrates a practical route toward high power, high energy, and long lifetime all-silicon on-chip storage systems relevant toward integration into electronics, photovoltaics, and other silicon-based platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Westover
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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Share K, Lewis J, Oakes L, Carter RE, Cohn AP, Pint CL. Tungsten diselenide (WSe2) as a high capacity, low overpotential conversion electrode for sodium ion batteries. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19717a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tungsten diselenide (WSe2) is demonstrated as an efficient electrode for sodium ion batteries for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Share
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program
| | - John Lewis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
| | - Landon Oakes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program
| | - Rachel E. Carter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
| | - Adam P. Cohn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
| | - Cary L. Pint
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program
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Cohn AP, Oakes L, Carter R, Chatterjee S, Westover AS, Share K, Pint CL. Assessing the improved performance of freestanding, flexible graphene and carbon nanotube hybrid foams for lithium ion battery anodes. Nanoscale 2014; 6:4669-4675. [PMID: 24647668 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00390j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the fabrication of three-dimensional freestanding foams of hybrid graphene-single-walled carbon nanotube nanomanufactured materials with reversible capacities of 2640 mA h g(-1) at 0.186 A g(-1) and 236 mA h g(-1) at 27.9 A g(-1). The Li storage behavior of this material is compared against other nanostructures in similar flexible foam platforms including graphene, ultra-thin graphite, and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), and we elucidate the improved hybrid material performance due to the decoupling of lithium storage reaction energetics dictated by the SWNTs from the total storage capacity of the hybrid material. This work demonstrates a route to develop mechanically robust all-carbon electrodes with the potential for reversible Li-ion storage capacity approaching silicon, power capability of the best supercapacitors, and based on a material simultaneously usable as a charge collector and anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Cohn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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Shen J, Wang Y, Zhao R, Li J, Burbank D, Share K. Surveying of the deformed terraces and crust shortening rate in the northwestern Tarim Basin. Chin Sci Bull 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03183555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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