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Deblauwe I, Brosens D, De Wolf K, Smitz N, Vanslembrouck A, Schneider A, De Witte J, Verlé I, Dekoninck W, De Meyer M, Backeljau T, Gombeer S, Meganck K, Vanderheyden A, Müller R, Van Bortel W. MEMO: Monitoring of exotic mosquitoes in Belgium. GigaByte 2022; 2022:gigabyte59. [PMID: 36824526 PMCID: PMC9930500 DOI: 10.46471/gigabyte.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
'MEMO Monitoring of Exotic MOsquitoes in Belgium' is a sampling event dataset published by the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM) in Antwerp, Belgium. It forms part of the early detection of exotic mosquito species (EMS) along high-risk introduction routes in Belgium, where data are collected at defined points of entry (PoEs) using a standardised protocol. The MEMO dataset contains mosquito sampling counts performed between 2017 and 2020. MEMO+2020, an extension of the MEMO dataset, contains only Aedes albopictus mosquito trap counts performed in 2020. Here, we present these data published as a standardised Darwin Core archive, which includes, for each sampling event, an eventID, date, location and sampling protocol (in the event core); and an occurrenceID for each occurrence (tube), the number of collected individuals per tube, species status (present/absent), information on the identification and scientific name (in the occurrence extension).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra Deblauwe
- Unit Entomology, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Dimitri Brosens
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Havenlaan 88 b73, 1000, Brussels, Belgium, Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Katrien De Wolf
- Unit Entomology, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerpen, Belgium,Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Dept. of Biology,
Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Smitz
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA - BopCo), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Adwine Vanslembrouck
- Unit Entomology, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Anna Schneider
- Unit Entomology, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Jacobus De Witte
- Unit Entomology, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Verlé
- Unit Entomology, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Wouter Dekoninck
- Royal Belgian Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences (RBINS - BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc De Meyer
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA - BopCo), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Thierry Backeljau
- Royal Belgian Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences (RBINS - BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium,Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sophie Gombeer
- Royal Belgian Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences (RBINS - BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kenny Meganck
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA - BopCo), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Ann Vanderheyden
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA - BopCo), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Ruth Müller
- Unit Entomology, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Bortel
- Unit Entomology, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerpen, Belgium,Outbreak Research team, Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
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Smitz N, De Wolf K, Gheysen A, Deblauwe I, Vanslembrouck A, Meganck K, De Witte J, Schneider A, Verlé I, Dekoninck W, Gombeer S, Vanderheyden A, De Meyer M, Backeljau T, Müller R, Van Bortel W. DNA identification of species of the Anopheles maculipennis complex and first record of An. daciae in Belgium. Med Vet Entomol 2021; 35:442-450. [PMID: 33951205 PMCID: PMC8453948 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed at identifying the members of the Anopheles maculipennis complex (Diptera: Culicidae) occurring in Belgium. Therefore, the second internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS2) and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) loci were sequenced in 175 and 111 specimens, respectively, collected between 2007 and 2019. In parallel, the suitability of two species-diagnostic PCR-RFLP assays was tested. The identified specimens included: An. maculipennis s.s. (N = 105), An. daciae (N = 62), An. atroparvus (N = 6) and An. messeae (N = 2). Each species was characterized by unique ITS2 haplotypes, whereas COI only supported the monophyly of An. atroparvus, a historical malaria vector in Belgium. Species identification results were further supported by unique PCR-RFLP banding patterns. We report for the first time An. daciae in Belgium, where it was found to co-occur with An. maculipennis s.s. The latter was the most prevalent in the collection studied (60%) and appears to have the widest distribution in Belgium. As in other studies, An. daciae and An. messeae appeared the most closely related species, up to the point that their species status remains debatable, while their ecological differences, including vector competences, need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Smitz
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department)TervurenBelgium
| | - K. De Wolf
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium
| | - A. Gheysen
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department)TervurenBelgium
| | - I. Deblauwe
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium
| | - A. Vanslembrouck
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service)BrusselsBelgium
| | - K. Meganck
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department)TervurenBelgium
| | - J. De Witte
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium
| | - A. Schneider
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium
| | - I. Verlé
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium
| | - W. Dekoninck
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service)BrusselsBelgium
| | - S. Gombeer
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service)BrusselsBelgium
| | - A. Vanderheyden
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service)BrusselsBelgium
| | - M. De Meyer
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department)TervurenBelgium
| | - T. Backeljau
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service)BrusselsBelgium
- Evolutionary Ecology GroupUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - R. Müller
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium
| | - W. Van Bortel
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical SciencesInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium
- Outbreak Research TeamInstitute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium
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Nsengimana V, Vanderheyden A, Gombeer S, Smitz N, Meganck K, De Meyer M, Backeljau T, Fisher BL, Dekoninck W. First record of the ant Pheidole megatron Fischer and Fisher, 2013 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Rwanda. African Zoology 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2021.1901605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venuste Nsengimana
- Department of Mathematics, Science and Physical Education, College of Education, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Centre of Excellence in Biodiversity and Natural Resources Management (CoEB), College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Ann Vanderheyden
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Gombeer
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Smitz
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo), Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Kenny Meganck
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo), Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Marc De Meyer
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo), Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Thierry Backeljau
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo), Tervuren, Belgium
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (Scientific Heritage Service), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Brian L Fisher
- Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Wouter Dekoninck
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (Scientific Heritage Service), Brussels, Belgium
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Smitz N, De Wolf K, Deblauwe I, Kampen H, Schaffner F, De Witte J, Schneider A, Verlé I, Vanslembrouck A, Dekoninck W, Meganck K, Gombeer S, Vanderheyden A, De Meyer M, Backeljau T, Werner D, Müller R, Van Bortel W. Population genetic structure of the Asian bush mosquito, Aedes japonicus (Diptera, Culicidae), in Belgium suggests multiple introductions. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:179. [PMID: 33766104 PMCID: PMC7995749 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04676-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes japonicus japonicus has expanded beyond its native range and has established in multiple European countries, including Belgium. In addition to the population located at Natoye, Belgium, locally established since 2002, specimens were recently collected along the Belgian border. The first objective of this study was therefore to investigate the origin of these new introductions, which were assumed to be related to the expansion of the nearby population in western Germany. Also, an intensive elimination campaign was undertaken at Natoye between 2012 and 2015, after which the species was declared to be eradicated. This species was re-detected in 2017, and thus the second objective was to investigate if these specimens resulted from a new introduction event and/or from a few undetected specimens that escaped the elimination campaign. METHODS Population genetic variation at nad4 and seven microsatellite loci was surveyed in 224 and 68 specimens collected in Belgium and Germany, respectively. German samples were included as reference to investigate putative introduction source(s). At Natoye, 52 and 135 specimens were collected before and after the elimination campaign, respectively, to investigate temporal changes in the genetic composition and diversity. RESULTS At Natoye, the genotypic microsatellite make-up showed a clear difference before and after the elimination campaign. Also, the population after 2017 displayed an increased allelic richness and number of private alleles, indicative of new introduction(s). However, the Natoye population present before the elimination programme is believed to have survived at low density. At the Belgian border, clustering results suggest a relation with the western German population. Whether the introduction(s) occur via passive human-mediated ground transport or, alternatively, by natural spread cannot be determined yet from the dataset. CONCLUSION Further introductions within Belgium are expected to occur in the near future, especially along the eastern Belgian border, which is at the front of the invasion of Ae. japonicus towards the west. Our results also point to the complexity of controlling invasive species, since 4 years of intense control measures were found to be not completely successful at eliminating this exotic at Natoye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Smitz
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium.
| | - Katrien De Wolf
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isra Deblauwe
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Helge Kampen
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | | | - Jacobus De Witte
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anna Schneider
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Verlé
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adwine Vanslembrouck
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium.,Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wouter Dekoninck
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kenny Meganck
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Sophie Gombeer
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ann Vanderheyden
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc De Meyer
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (BopCo & Biology Department), Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Thierry Backeljau
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (BopCo & Scientific Heritage Service), Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.,Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Doreen Werner
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Ruth Müller
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Bortel
- The Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium.,Outbreak Research Team, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
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DE Wolf K, Vanderheyden A, Deblauwe I, Smitz N, Gombeer S, Vanslembrouck A, Meganck K, Dekoninck W, DE Meyer M, Backeljau T, Müller R, VAN Bortel W. First record of the West Nile virus bridge vector Culex modestus Ficalbi (Diptera: Culicidae) in Belgium, validated by DNA barcoding. Zootaxa 2021; 4920:zootaxa.4920.1.7. [PMID: 33756679 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A thorough knowledge of the presence and spatio-temporal distribution patterns of vector species are pivotal to assess the risk of mosquito-borne diseases in Europe. In 2018, a Culex larva was collected during routine monitoring activities to intercept exotic Aedes mosquito species in the port of Antwerp (Kallo, Belgium). The larva, collected from a pond in mid-September, was morphologically identified as Culex modestus, and this identification was subsequently confirmed by COI barcoding. It is the first confirmed record of this West Nile virus bridge vector in Belgium. The present study also demonstrates the value of DNA-based identification techniques to validate the presence of potential vector species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien DE Wolf
- The Unit of Entomology, Dept. Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium..
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Virgilio M, Daneel JH, Manrakhan A, Delatte H, Meganck K, De Meyer M. An integrated diagnostic setup for the morphological and molecular identification of the Ceratitis FAR complex (C. anonae, C. fasciventris, C. rosa, C. quilicii, Diptera, Tephritidae). Bull Entomol Res 2019; 109:376-382. [PMID: 30203730 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The Ceratitis FAR complex (Diptera, Tephritidae) includes four economically important frugivorous flies (Ceratitis anonae, Ceratitis fasciventris, Ceratitis quilicii, Ceratitis rosa) whose immature stages and adult females cannot be properly resolved through morphological identification. In order to develop a simplified molecular tool for the identification of two of these species (C. rosa, C. quilicii), we selected a subset of six microsatellite markers out of a panel of 16 loci that were previously developed for the molecular differentiation of the taxa within the complex. These six markers were first tested in silico and then used for the actual genotyping of C. quilicii and C. rosa, resulting in the correct identification of all male reference specimens. Here, we propose an integrated morphological and molecular setup for the identification of the four species of the FAR complex. The decision map relies on preliminary DNA barcoding or morphological identification (when possible) to exclude species not belonging to the complex followed by (a) morphological identification of all adult male specimens and female C. anonae, (b) molecular identification via a panel of 16 microsatellite markers for immature stages, damaged vouchers and samples potentially including adult female C. fasciventris/C. quilicii/C. rosa and (c) molecular identification via a reduced panel of six microsatellite markers for samples including only C. quilicii and C. rosa. This simplified diagnostic setup was profitably implemented in the framework of the ERAfrica fruit fly project and will help correctly identify species within the FAR complex for their early detection and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Virgilio
- Royal Museum for Central Africa,Leuvensesteenweg 13, B-3080 Tervuren,Belgium
| | - J-H Daneel
- Citrus Research International,P.O Box 28, Nelspruit 1200,South Africa
| | - A Manrakhan
- Citrus Research International,P.O Box 28, Nelspruit 1200,South Africa
| | - H Delatte
- CIRAD-UMR PVBMT,CIRAD-3P, Saint Pierre,France
| | - K Meganck
- Royal Museum for Central Africa,Leuvensesteenweg 13, B-3080 Tervuren,Belgium
| | - M De Meyer
- Royal Museum for Central Africa,Leuvensesteenweg 13, B-3080 Tervuren,Belgium
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Smitz N, Jouvenet O, Ambwene Ligate F, Crosmary WG, Ikanda D, Chardonnet P, Fusari A, Meganck K, Gillet F, Melletti M, Michaux JR. A genome-wide data assessment of the African lion (Panthera leo) population genetic structure and diversity in Tanzania. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205395. [PMID: 30403704 PMCID: PMC6221261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The African lion (Panthera leo), listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (Appendix II of CITES), is mainly impacted by indiscriminate killing and prey base depletion. Additionally, habitat loss by land degradation and conversion has led to the isolation of some subpopulations, potentially decreasing gene flow and increasing inbreeding depression risks. Genetic drift resulting from weakened connectivity between strongholds can affect the genetic health of the species. In the present study, we investigated the evolutionary history of the species at different spatiotemporal scales. Therefore, the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (N = 128), 11 microsatellites (N = 103) and 9,103 SNPs (N = 66) were investigated in the present study, including a large sampling from Tanzania, which hosts the largest lion population among all African lion range countries. Our results add support that the species is structured into two lineages at the continental scale (West-Central vs East-Southern), underlining the importance of reviewing the taxonomic status of the African lion. Moreover, SNPs led to the identification of three lion clusters in Tanzania, whose geographical distributions are in the northern, southern and western regions. Furthermore, Tanzanian lion populations were shown to display good levels of genetic diversity with limited signs of inbreeding. However, their population sizes seem to have gradually decreased in recent decades. The highlighted Tanzanian African lion population genetic differentiation appears to have resulted from the combined effects of anthropogenic pressure and environmental/climatic factors, as further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Smitz
- Barcoding of Organisms and tissues of Policy Concern (BopCo)/Joint Experimental Molecular Unit (JEMU), Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
- Conservation Genetics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivia Jouvenet
- Conservation Genetics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Dennis Ikanda
- Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | | | - Alessandro Fusari
- Fondation Internationale pour la Gestion de la Faune (IGF), Paris, France
| | - Kenny Meganck
- Barcoding of Organisms and tissues of Policy Concern (BopCo), Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - François Gillet
- Conservation Genetics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mario Melletti
- African Buffalo Initiative Group (AfBIG), IUCN/SSC/ASG, Rome, Italy
| | - Johan R. Michaux
- Conservation Genetics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UPR AGIRS, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Bauters K, Goetghebeur P, Asselman P, Meganck K, Larridon I. Molecular phylogenetic study of Scleria subgenus Hypoporum (Sclerieae, Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae) reveals several species new to science. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203478. [PMID: 30260979 PMCID: PMC6160245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleria subgen. Hypoporum (Cyperaceae), with 68 species, is the second largest subgenus in Scleria. Species of this pantropically distributed subgenus generally occur in seasonally or permanently wet grasslands or on shallow soils over sandstone or lateritic outcrops, less often they can be found in (open) woodlands. Previous studies established the monophyly of the subgenus, but the relationships between the species remained uncertain. In this study, DNA sequence data of 61 taxa of Scleria subgen. Hypoporum, where possible represented by multiple accessions from across their distributional range, were obtained for four molecular markers: the coding chloroplast marker ndhF, the chloroplast intron rps16 and the nuclear ribosomal regions ETS and ITS. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood approaches. A species tree was constructed to summarise the results. The results indicate the existence of three sections: the monotypic, pantropically occurring, Scleria sect. Lithospermae, a new section from central and south America containing two species, and Scleria sect. Hypoporum, also pantropically distributed, containing the remainder of the species of the subgenus. Relationships in the latter section are not fully resolved. However, three or four different clades can be distinguished supported by some morphological characters. Our results indicate at least six new species in Scleria sect. Hypoporum. The new section and species are described in a taxonomical treatment. Their morphology is compared with (morphologically) closely related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Bauters
- Botanic Garden Meise, Meise, Belgium
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Research Group Spermatophytes, Campus Ledeganck, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Paul Goetghebeur
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Research Group Spermatophytes, Campus Ledeganck, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Asselman
- Botanic Garden Meise, Meise, Belgium
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Research Group Spermatophytes, Campus Ledeganck, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kenny Meganck
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Research Group Spermatophytes, Campus Ledeganck, Ghent, Belgium
- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Isabel Larridon
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, Research Group Spermatophytes, Campus Ledeganck, Ghent, Belgium
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, United Kingdom
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