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LoCasale-Crouch J, Wallace MK, Heeren T, Kerr S, Yue Y, Deeken G, Turnbull K, Jaworski B, Mateus MC, Moon R, Hauck FR, Kellams A, Colson E, Corwin MJ. The importance of community resources for breastfeeding. Int Breastfeed J 2024; 19:16. [PMID: 38448983 PMCID: PMC10916149 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-024-00623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding has long-lasting effects on children's cognition, behavioral, mental and physical health. Previous research shows parental characteristics (e.g., education, race/ethnicity, income level) are associated with breastfeeding initiation and duration. Further, research shows significant variation in access to community resources by race/ethnicity. It is unclear how community resources may impact breastfeeding practices and how this might intersect with maternal race/ethnicity. METHODS This study combined nationally-representative data from the Study of Attitudes and Factors Effecting Infant Care (SAFE), which surveyed US mothers immediately after the infant's birth and at two to six months of infant age, with the Child Opportunity Index (COI) 2.0, a census tract measure of community resources associated with child development, to explore the association between community resources and breastfeeding initiation and whether this varies based on maternal race/ethnicity and country of birth. The SAFE Study used a stratified, two-stage, clustered design to obtain a nationally representative sample of mothers of infants, while oversampling Hispanic and non-Hispanic (NH) Black mothers. The SAFE study enrolled mothers who spoke English or Spanish across 32 US birth hospitals between January 2011 and March 2014. RESULTS After accounting for individual characteristics, mothers residing in the highest-resourced communities (compared to the lowest) had significantly greater likelihood of breastfeeding. Representation in higher-resourced communities differed by race/ethnicity. Race/ethnicity did not significantly moderate the association between community resources and breastfeeding. In examining within race/ethnic groups, however, community resources were not associated with non-US born Black and Hispanic mothers' rates of breastfeeding, while they were with US born Black and Hispanic mothers. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that even health behaviors like breastfeeding, which we often associate with individual choice, are connected to the community resources within which they are made. Study implications point to the importance of considering the impact of the contextual factors that shape health and as a potential contributor to understanding the observed race/ethnicity gap.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Timothy Heeren
- School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen Kerr
- Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yitong Yue
- School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Genevieve Deeken
- Department of Global Public Health- Global Studies, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Khara Turnbull
- School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Brianna Jaworski
- School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mayaris Cubides Mateus
- School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Rachel Moon
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Fern Robin Hauck
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ann Kellams
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Eve Colson
- School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael Jay Corwin
- Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Aherne N, Wood M, Eggert E, Hoffmann M, Turnbull K, Westhuyzen J, Shakespeare T. PSMA-PET Guided Dose-Escalated Volumetric Arc Therapy (VMAT) for newly Diagnosed Node Positive Prostate Cancer: Efficacy and Toxicity Outcomes at Two Years. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Jirout J, LoCasale-Crouch J, Turnbull K, Gu Y, Cubides M, Garzione S, Evans TM, Weltman AL, Kranz S. How Lifestyle Factors Affect Cognitive and Executive Function and the Ability to Learn in Children. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1953. [PMID: 31434251 PMCID: PMC6723730 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In today's research environment, children's diet, physical activity, and other lifestyle factors are commonly studied in the context of health, independent of their effect on cognition and learning. Moreover, there is little overlap between the two literatures, although it is reasonable to expect that the lifestyle factors explored in the health-focused research are intertwined with cognition and learning processes. This thematic review provides an overview of knowledge connecting the selected lifestyle factors of diet, physical activity, and sleep hygiene to children's cognition and learning. Research from studies of diet and nutrition, physical activity and fitness, sleep, and broader influences of cultural and socioeconomic factors related to health and learning, were summarized to offer examples of research that integrate lifestyle factors and cognition with learning. The literature review demonstrates that the associations and causal relationships between these factors are vastly understudied. As a result, current knowledge on predictors of optimal cognition and learning is incomplete, and likely lacks understanding of many critical facts and relationships, their interactions, and the nature of their relationships, such as there being mediating or confounding factors that could provide important knowledge to increase the efficacy of learning-focused interventions. This review provides information focused on studies in children. Although basic research in cells or animal studies are available and indicate a number of possible physiological pathways, inclusion of those data would distract from the fact that there is a significant gap in knowledge on lifestyle factors and optimal learning in children. In a climate where childcare and school feeding policies are continuously discussed, this thematic review aims to provide an impulse for discussion and a call for more holistic approaches to support child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Jirout
- Center for Advanced Study of Teaching and Learning, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | | | - Khara Turnbull
- Center for Advanced Study of Teaching and Learning, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Yin Gu
- Center for Advanced Study of Teaching and Learning, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Mayaris Cubides
- Center for Advanced Study of Teaching and Learning, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Sarah Garzione
- Department of Kinesiology, Curry School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Tanya M Evans
- Center for Advanced Study of Teaching and Learning, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Arthur L Weltman
- Department of Kinesiology, Curry School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Sibylle Kranz
- Department of Kinesiology, Curry School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
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Hunter A, Reitmayer L, Gnau J, Amos A, Opfer A, Storms S, Turnbull K, Winter A, Snedeker A, Nickles R. Respecting Our Past,Charting our Future. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.06.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Adam E, Turnbull K. USE OF AN ANAPHYLAXIS CARE BUNDLE TO IMPROVE MANAGEMENT IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT. Arch Emerg Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2016-206402.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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6
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Velu PP, Bedi P, Turnbull K, Hill AT. Risk factors for requiring intravenous antibiotic therapy in hospital and 30-day readmission for exacerbations of bronchiectasis. QJM 2016; 109:723-729. [PMID: 27081209 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The safety and efficacy of domiciliary intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy compared to inpatient hospital treatment for exacerbations of bronchiectasis has been established. Factors that determine the setting for IV antibiotic therapy need to be characterized further. AIM We aimed to identify factors at presentation that were associated with the requirement for IV antibiotic therapy delivered in hospital and 30-day readmission. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study of all IV antibiotic courses administered to patients with bronchiectasis by a specialist respiratory unit over a 2-year period. METHODS We assessed demographic data, treatment outcomes, morbidity, mortality, and 30-day readmission rates. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with inpatient IV antibiotics and 30-day readmission. RESULTS One hundred six patients received 243 courses of IV antibiotic therapy in 2 years. Sixty-six cases (27.2%) were managed in hospital, 28 cases (11.5%) required initial admission prior to early supported discharge to complete IV antibiotics at home and 149 cases (61.3%) received domiciliary IV antibiotics. Bronchiectasis Severity Index (P < 0.0001) and emergency presentation with an exacerbation (P < 0.0001) were independent factors associated with the requirement for inpatient IV antibiotic therapy. There were no differences between mortality (P = 0.06) and morbidity (P = 0.1) between groups. Thirty-day readmission following early supported discharge was higher compared to inpatient or domiciliary therapy (P=0.0004). CONCLUSION A higher Bronchiectasis Severity Index and emergency presentation with an exacerbation are independently associated with the need for IV antibiotics delivered in hospital. We could not identify any factors that predicted 30-day readmission in a multi-variable model.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Velu
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little Frances Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - P Bedi
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - K Turnbull
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little Frances Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - A T Hill
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little Frances Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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Palani Velu P, Bedi P, Turnbull K, Hill AT. P204 Risk Factors for Requiring Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy Delivered in Hospital for Exacerbations of Bronchiectasis: Abstract P204 Table 1. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Grossie D, Harrison L, Turnbull K. Crystal structure of 4-(2-bromo-prop-ion-yl)-3-phenyl-sydnone. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2014; 70:o1165-6. [PMID: 25484806 PMCID: PMC4257336 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536814022260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sydnones are a class of mesoionic compounds containing a five-membered heterocyclic ring. In general, sydnone compounds are synthesized with an aromatic substutuent at the N3 position. This feature, adds to the stability of the heterocyclic ring. In the title compound {systematic name: 4-(2-bromopropanoyl)-3-phenyl-1,2,3λ5-oxadiazol-3-ylium-5-olate}, C11H9BrN2O3, the aromatic substitutent is an unsubstituted phenyl ring. The sydnone ring is almost planar, with a maximum deviation from the mean plane of 0.023 (1) Å, but is not coplanar with the phenyl ring, having a dihedral angle of 40.93 (8)°. The carbonyl side chain is twisted relative to the syndone ring by 15.8 (2)°. The molecules are packed in the unit cell as pairs related by an inversion center at (1, 0, 1/2). The pairs interact via π-stacking, with the distance separating the centroids being 3.824 (1) Å. The Br atom has two contacts, one to an N atom in a neighboring asymmetric unit with a distance of 3.346 (2) Å (the sum of the van der Waals radii is 3.40 Å) and a second to an H atom with a distance of 3.03 Å. The contact with the H atom is perpendicular (C—Br⋯H = 98.60°) to the C—Br bond, and that to the N atom is linear [C—Br⋯N = 169.10 (5)°] to the C—Br bond. The O atom of the sydnone ring is involved in two hydrogen bonds, one intramolecular with a donor–acceptor distance of 3.1486 (19) Å and a second that is intermolecular, with a phenyl H atom as the donor and has a donor–acceptor distance of 3.346 (2) Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Grossie
- Wright State University, Chemistry, 3649 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
| | - L Harrison
- Wright State University, Chemistry, 3649 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
| | - K Turnbull
- Wright State University, Chemistry, 3649 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA
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Isakoff SJ, Wang D, Campone M, Calles A, Leip E, Turnbull K, Bardy-Bouxin N, Duvillié L, Calvo E. Bosutinib plus capecitabine for selected advanced solid tumours: results of a phase 1 dose-escalation study. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:2058-66. [PMID: 25290090 PMCID: PMC4260032 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This phase 1 study evaluated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, and efficacy of bosutinib (competitive Src/Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor) plus capecitabine. Methods: Patients with locally advanced/metastatic breast, pancreatic, or colorectal cancers; cholangiocarcinoma; or glioblastoma received bosutinib plus capecitabine at eight of nine possible dose combinations using an ‘up-down' design to determine the toxicity contour of the combination. Results: Among 32 enrolled patients, none of the 9 patients receiving MTD (bosutinib 300 mg once daily plus capecitabine 1000 mg m−2 twice daily) experienced dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). Overall, 2 out of 31 (6%) evaluable patients experienced DLTs (grade 3 neurologic pain (n=1); grade 3 pruritus/rash and increased alanine aminotransferase (n=1)). Most common treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE), fatigue; most frequent grade 3/4 AEs: PPE, fatigue, and increased alanine/aspartate aminotransferase. Although diarrhoea was common, 91% of affected patients experienced maximum grade 1/2 events that resolved. Best overall confirmed partial response or stable disease >24 weeks (all tumour types) was observed in 6 and 13% of patients. Conclusions: In this population of patients with advanced solid tumours, bosutinib plus capecitabine demonstrated a safety profile similar to that previously reported for bosutinib or capecitabine monotherapy; limited efficacy was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Isakoff
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - D Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trials Program, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - M Campone
- Institut de Cancerologie de l'Quest-Rene Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, Nantes Cedex 44805, France
| | - A Calles
- START Madrid, Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Hospital Madrid Norte-Sanchinarro, C/Oña n°10, 28050 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Leip
- Oncology Clinical Statistics, Pfizer Inc, 10 Fawcett Street, Suite 2013, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - K Turnbull
- Oncology Clinical Development, Pfizer Inc, 10 Fawcett Street, Suite 2013, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - N Bardy-Bouxin
- Oncology Late Phase Strategy Development, Pfizer Global Research and Development, 23-25 av du Dr Lannelongue, Paris 75668, France
| | - L Duvillié
- Oncology Clinical Development, Pfizer Global Research and Development, 23-25 av du Dr Lannelongue, Paris 75668, France
| | - E Calvo
- START Madrid, Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Hospital Madrid Norte-Sanchinarro, C/Oña n°10, 28050 Madrid, Spain
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Olson RA, Howard F, Turnbull K, Munroe D, Zirul C, Manji R, Tobin P, Ward A. Prospective evaluation of unmet needs of rural and aboriginal cancer survivors in Northern British Columbia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:e179-85. [PMID: 24764702 DOI: 10.3747/co.21.1729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unmet needs of cancer survivors in rural, remote, and aboriginal communities are largely unexplored. We explored potential differences between rural survivors (rss) in 4 general population (gp) and 4 First Nations (fn) communities. METHODS We approached 4 gp and 4 fn rs communities to participate in a mixed-methods project. Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (hads) and the Survivor Unmet Needs Survey (suns) and provided demographic information. Each question on the suns can be scored from 0 to 4, with 0 representing "no unmet need" and 4 representing "very high unmet need." A directed approach to content analysis of focus group and interview data was used to triangulate the hads and suns results. RESULTS We prospectively accrued 23 fn rss and 56 gp rss for this study. More fn rss had borderline or abnormal anxiety (5% vs. 21%, p = 0.02). Compared with gp rss, fn rss had higher unmet needs scores in all categories: Information (2.29 vs. 0.8, p < 0.001), Work and Financial (1.66 vs. 0.5, p < 0.001), Access and Continuity of Health Care (1.83 vs. 0.44, p < 0.001), Coping and Sharing (2.22 vs. 0.62, p < 0.001), and Emotional (2.12 vs. 0.63, p < 0.001). The qualitative findings provided examples and insight into the unmet needs experienced by rss. CONCLUSIONS First Nations rss had significantly higher anxiety and unmet needs compared with their gp rs counterparts. In addition, different qualitative themes were identified in the groups. Our findings support the development of tailored approaches to survivorship for these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Olson
- BC Cancer Agency Centre for the North, Prince George, BC. ; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC. ; University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC
| | - F Howard
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - K Turnbull
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - D Munroe
- BC Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, BC
| | - C Zirul
- University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC
| | - R Manji
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - P Tobin
- BC Cancer Agency Centre for the North, Prince George, BC
| | - A Ward
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
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Abstract
AIM The aim of our study was to assess the impact of 8-weekly intravenous (IV) antibiotics on exacerbation frequency and health-related quality of life in bronchiectasis. METHODS Patients were recruited prospectively from June 2008 to December 2010. Patients with recurrent exacerbations (five or more exacerbations per year) and subjectively reporting ill health between antibiotic courses were recruited. Eight-weekly IV antibiotics (for 14 days) were initiated. Patients were followed up for 1 year. Main outcome was reduction in exacerbation frequency and improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at 1 year after starting intravenous antibiotic therapy. Other outcomes recorded were forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), forced vital capacity (FVC), incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), 24-h sputum volume, sputum microbiology, body mass index (BMI), markers of inflammation--white cell count (WCC), C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). RESULTS In total, 19 patients were recruited. Mean age was 64.1 years and 52.6% were female. With 8-weekly antibiotics, there was a significant reduction in the number of exacerbations [mean (SE): 9.3 (0.5) in the year before vs. 8.0 (0.4) in the year after; P = 0.02]. In 63.2%, Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) improved by ≥1.3 U (P = 0.006)] and in 42.1% St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) improved by ≥4 U (P = 0.03). Exercise capacity increased by 58.7 m (P = 0.004). There was no improvement in the other end points. CONCLUSION Treatment with 8-weekly intravenous antibiotics in severe bronchiectasis reduced exacerbation frequency and improved exercise tolerance and health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mandal
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Neill
- Clinical Nurse Specialists in Leg Ulcer Management, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, UK
| | - K. Turnbull
- Clinical Nurse Specialists in Leg Ulcer Management, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, UK
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Campone M, Bondarenko I, Brincat S, Hotko Y, Munster PN, Chmielowska E, Fumoleau P, Ward R, Bardy-Bouxin N, Leip E, Turnbull K, Zacharchuk C, Epstein RJ. Phase II study of single-agent bosutinib, a Src/Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer pretreated with chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:610-617. [PMID: 21700731 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This phase II study evaluated single-agent bosutinib in pretreated patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received oral bosutinib 400 mg/day. The primary end point was the progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 16 weeks. Secondary end points included objective response rate, clinical benefit rate, 2-year overall survival rate, safety, and changes in levels of bone resorption/formation biomarkers. RESULTS Seventy-three patients were enrolled and treated. Median time from diagnosis of metastatic disease to initiation of bosutinib treatment was 24.5 months. For the intent-to-treat population, the PFS rate at 16 weeks was 39.6%. Unexpectedly, all responding patients (n = 4) were hormone receptor positive. The clinical benefit rate was 27.4%. The 2-year overall survival rate was 26.4%. The main toxic effects were diarrhea (66%), nausea (55%), and vomiting (47%). Grade 3-4 laboratory aminotransferase elevations occurred in 14 (19%) patients. Myelosuppression was minimal. No consistent changes in the levels of bone resorption/formation biomarkers were seen. CONCLUSIONS Bosutinib showed promising efficacy in prolonging time to progression in chemotherapy-pretreated patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Bosutinib was generally well tolerated, with a safety profile different from that of the Src/Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib in a similar patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Campone
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre René Gauducheau, Nantes Saint-Herblain; UMR 892 INSERM, Nantes, France.
| | - I Bondarenko
- Department of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Dnepropetrovsk State Medical Academy, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine
| | - S Brincat
- Radiotherapy and Oncology Department, Sir Paul Boffa Hospital, Floriana, Malta
| | - Y Hotko
- Transcarpathian Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Uzhgorod National University, Uzhgorod, Ukraine
| | - P N Munster
- Departments of Breast and Experimental Therapeutics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA
| | | | - P Fumoleau
- Department of Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - R Ward
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | | | - E Leip
- Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, USA
| | | | | | - R J Epstein
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong-Kong
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Webster HN, Thomson DJ, Johnson BT, Heard IPC, Turnbull K, Marenco F, Kristiansen NI, Dorsey J, Minikin A, Weinzierl B, Schumann U, Sparks RSJ, Loughlin SC, Hort MC, Leadbetter SJ, Devenish BJ, Manning AJ, Witham CS, Haywood JM, Golding BW. Operational prediction of ash concentrations in the distal volcanic cloud from the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Grossie DA, Turnbull K, Harrison L. Substituent effects in the structural parameters of the sydnone ring. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311084406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Burstein H, Sun Y, Dirix L, Jiang Z, Paridaens R, Tan A, Awada A, Ranade A, Jiao S, Schwartz G, Powell C, Turnbull K, Vermette J, Zacharchuk C, Badwe R. Gastrointestinal and Cardiovascular Safety Profiles of Neratinib Monotherapy in Patients with Advanced ErbB2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-5096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: In a phase 2 study, oral neratinib was administered to patients (pts) with advanced breast cancer in 2 cohorts, those with prior trastuzumab treatment (prior T, n=66) and those with no prior trastuzumab treatment (no prior T, n=70). Neratinib demonstrated robust antitumor activity with objective response rates of 26% and 51%, respectively, and was generally tolerable (Burstein et al. Cancer Res 2009;69:72S). Diarrhea, all grades, occurred in 89% of total pts. Characteristics of the diarrhea and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measurements are described. Methods: Pts were required to have ErbB2 gene amplification in tumor tissue as measured by fluorescence in situ hybridization by independent assessment. Serial LVEF measurements were made with a multigated acquisition scan or echocardiogram. Pts were ineligible if baseline LVEF was <50%. Adverse events were graded based on the NCI Common Terminology Criteria, v 3.0. Pts received oral neratinib 240 mg daily. Results: Data collected by 18 Mar 2009 are reported; the median (range) duration of neratinib treatment was 4.5 (0.2-23.5) months for pts with prior T and 7.8 (0.5-24.2) months for pts with no prior T. Diarrhea, all grades occurred in 93% of the total population (prior T: 97%, no prior T: 89%); grade 3-4 diarrhea occurred in 21% of the total population (prior T: 30%, no prior T: 13%). Median times of onset were 2 and 3 days after first dose of neratinib, respectively, and median durations of diarrhea were 7 and 5 days. In study week 1, 86% and 73% of pts with prior T and no prior T, respectively, had diarrhea; this decreased to 12-14% in months 3 and 4 (Table). Diarrhea was the cause of dose interruptions in 36% of pts with prior T and 11% of pts with no prior T and of dose reductions in 30% of pts with prior T and 5% of pts with no prior T; only 1 pt (prior T) discontinued treatment due to diarrhea. Pts used anti-diarrheal medications for supportive therapy (prior T: 91%, no prior T: 67%). For LVEF measurements, there was little variation from baseline in most pts during the study. Four pts had at least 1 LVEF measurement <50% (2 of these pts had measurements within the institutional range of normal). None had congestive heart failure. One of these pts had grade 3 atrioventricular block and grade 3 bradycardia, which were considered unrelated to neratinib. Discussion: Neratinib treatment was not associated with clinically significant cardiotoxicity. Pts who developed diarrhea with neratinib monotherapy had early onset, but frequency and severity decreased with time on study. Despite the high frequency of diarrhea with neratinib treatment, it was readily managed with supportive therapy and dose interruptions and/or reductions.Time Course of Diarrhea in ErbB2-Positive Breast Cancer Patients Treated With NeratinibStudy PeriodPrior T: No. on StudyPrior T: % With Diarrhea, All Grades*Prior T: % With Diarrhea, Gr 3-4*No Prior T: No. on StudyNo Prior T: % With Diarrhea, All Grades*No Prior T: % With Diarrhea, Gr 3-4*Week 166861770737Week 2-466611170436Month 260331066152Month 34713060120Month 44312058140*For pts with multiple toxicity grades in a period, the maximum grade was reported.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5096.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Y. Sun
- 2Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - L. Dirix
- 3Oncology Center AZ St. Augustinus, Belgium
| | - Z. Jiang
- 4307 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, China
| | | | - A. Tan
- 6Cancer Institute of New Jersey, NJ,
| | | | - A. Ranade
- 8Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, India
| | - S. Jiao
- 9Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, China
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Abstract
This study explored the utility of sputum colour in clinically stable patients with bronchiectasis. Interpretation of sputum colour between the doctor and the patient was reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.83 (95% confidence interval 0.76-0.89). Sputum colour predicted bacterial colonisation (5% in mucoid sputum; 43.5% in mucopurulent sputum; 86.4% in purulent sputum; p<0.0001). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, independent factors associated with purulent sputum were bacterial colonisation, varicose or cystic bronchiectasis, forced expiratory volume in 1 s <80% predicted and diagnosis of bronchiectasis aged <45 yrs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Murray
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Murray MP, Turnbull K, MacQuarrie S, Pentland JL, Hill AT. Validation of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Eur Respir J 2009; 34:125-31. [PMID: 19196812 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00160508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Health-related quality of life is a potentially important marker for evaluating existing and new therapies in bronchiectasis. The Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) is a symptom specific questionnaire designed to assess the impact of cough severity, a major symptom of bronchiectasis. This study aimed to validate the LCQ in bronchiectasis. The validity, responsiveness and reliability of the LCQ were assessed as follows: ability to discriminate severe and mild disease; change in score following antibiotic treatment for exacerbations; repeatability over a 6-month period in stable disease; and comparison with the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). In total, 120 patients (51 with severe disease, 29 with moderate disease and 40 with mild disease) completed the LCQ and SGRQ. The area under the receiver-operator curve was good for both severe and mild disease (0.84 and 0.80 respectively, p<0.0001). Following 2 weeks' antibiotic treatment, the median LCQ score (interquartile range) improved from 11.3 (9.3-13.7) to 17.8 (15-18.8) (p<0.0001). The LCQ score was repeatable over 6 months in stable disease (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.96 (95%CI 0.93-0.97), p<0.0001). Correlation between the LCQ and SGRQ scores was -0.7 in both stable disease and exacerbations (p<0.0001). The LCQ can discriminate disease severity, is responsive to change and is reliable for use in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Murray
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Department of Respiratory Medicine, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK.
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Murray MP, Turnbull K, MacQuarrie S, Hill AT. Assessing response to treatment of exacerbations of bronchiectasis in adults. Eur Respir J 2008; 33:312-8. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00122508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- K. L. McChord
- a Department of Chemistry , Wright State University , Dayton , Ohio , 45435
| | - S. A. Tullis
- a Department of Chemistry , Wright State University , Dayton , Ohio , 45435
| | - K. Turnbull
- a Department of Chemistry , Wright State University , Dayton , Ohio , 45435
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Abstract
A 66-year-old woman presented with erythematous nodules on both legs and told of a history of lymph node tuberculosis that had been treated with surgery and tuberculostatic therapy years before. A biopsy taken from a nodule showed nodular vasculitis. PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific DNA on the paraffin-embedded tissue was positive. Based on the experience with our patient, positive PCR results for Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific DNA in lesions of nodular vasculitis are discussed critically. The historical background of "tuberculids", such as erythema induratum Bazin, is elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wiebels
- Dermatologikum Hamburg, Stephansplatz 5, 20354 Hamburg.
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Davidson S, Johnson A, Turnbull K. Showcasing Quality. Standing out from the crowd. ASHA 1997; 39:38-44. [PMID: 9110501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Davidson
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA. davidson+@osu.edu
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Lamb RF, Hennigan RF, Turnbull K, Katsanakis KD, MacKenzie ED, Birnie GD, Ozanne BW. AP-1-mediated invasion requires increased expression of the hyaluronan receptor CD44. Mol Cell Biol 1997; 17:963-76. [PMID: 9001250 PMCID: PMC231822 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.17.2.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts transformed by Fos oncogenes display increased expression of a number of genes implicated in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. In contrast to normal 208F rat fibroblasts, Fos-transformed 208F fibroblasts are growth factor independent for invasion. We demonstrate that invasion of v-Fos- or epidermal growth factor (EGF)-transformed cells requires AP-1 activity. v-Fos-transformed cell invasion is inhibited by c-jun antisense oligonucleotides and by expression of a c-jun dominant negative mutant, TAM-67. EGF-induced invasion is inhibited by both c-fos and c-jun antisense oligonucleotides. CD44s, the standard form of a transmembrane receptor for hyaluronan, is implicated in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. We demonstrate that increased expression of CD44 in Fos- and EGF-transformed cells is dependent upon AP-1. CD44 antisense oligonucleotides reduce expression of CD44 in v-Fos- or EGF-transformed cells and inhibit invasion but not migration. Expression of a fusion protein between human CD44s and Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein (GFP) in 208F cells complements the inhibition of invasion by the rat-specific CD44 antisense oligonucleotide. We further show that both v-Fos and EGF transformations result in a concentration of endogenous CD44 or exogenous CD44-GFP at the ends of pseudopodial cell extensions. These results support the hypothesis that one role of AP-1 in transformation is to activate a multigenic invasion program.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Lamb
- CRC Beatson Laboratories, Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden, Glasgow, Scotland
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Tassabehji M, Newton VE, Leverton K, Turnbull K, Seemanova E, Kunze J, Sperling K, Strachan T, Read AP. PAX3 gene structure and mutations: close analogies between Waardenburg syndrome and the Splotch mouse. Hum Mol Genet 1994; 3:1069-74. [PMID: 7981674 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/3.7.1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The human PAX3 gene contains a paired box and a paired-type homeobox, and is believed to play a role in pattern formation in the embryo. We describe the exon-intron structure of the homeobox-containing part of PAX3, complementing earlier descriptions of the 5' part of the gene. Mutations in PAX3 have been described in patients with Type 1 Waardenburg syndrome, who have hearing loss and pigmentary abnormalities, while Splotch mice have mutations in the homologous mouse Pax-3 gene. We describe a series of patients who have previously unidentified PAX3 mutations. These include a chromosomal deletion, a splice-site mutation and an amino acid substitution which closely correspond to the molecular changes seen in the Splotch-retarded, Splotch and Splotch-delayed mouse mutants respectively. These mutations confirm that Waardenburg syndrome is produced by gene dosage effects and show that the phenotypic differences between Splotch mice and humans with Waardenburg syndrome are caused by differences in genetic background rather than different primary effects of the mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tassabehji
- Department of Medical Genetics, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
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Beal EN, Turnbull K. Bromination/Debromination of 6-Benzoyl-3-alkyl or 3-Aryl Sydnoneimines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919208021622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Garnett JL, Law SW, O'Keefe J, Halpern B, Turnbull K. Tritium labelling of optically active amino-acids by the Wilzbach procedure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1969. [DOI: 10.1039/c29690000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Calf GE, Garnett JL, Halpern BH, Turnbull K. Stereospecific catalytic labelling of amino-acids and mandelic acid with isotopic hydrogen. Nature 1966; 209:502-4. [PMID: 5919580 DOI: 10.1038/209502b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abstract
The fertility of 20 bueks and 13 does whieh reeovered from an infection of lnyxoma virus, strain KJ\'Ll:l, undor laboratory oonditions was examined. Six months after infection, only 50 per c('nt. of tho bucks woro f01lnd to bo J(,1'tilo ann many of theso woro not fully fertile. '1'h1'ee females were found to be infertile, of whieh one eould be bred from by using artifieiul insominai;ion, but tho feeundity of tho remaind~r was 'rhe reduced fertility ohsorved und~r labomtory eonnitions is not nocossarily refleet,jon of field conditions whoro most of the infcrtilo animals may not survive.
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