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Pedersen MK, Eriksson R, Reguant R, Collin C, Pedersen HK, Sørup FKH, Simon C, Birch AM, Larsen M, Nielsen AP, Belling K, Brunak S. A unidirectional mapping of ICD-8 to ICD-10 codes, for harmonized longitudinal analysis of diseases. Eur J Epidemiol 2023; 38:1043-1052. [PMID: 37555907 PMCID: PMC10570238 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Periodic revisions of the international classification of diseases (ICD) ensure that the classification reflects new practices and knowledge; however, this complicates retrospective research as diagnoses are coded in different versions. For longitudinal disease trajectory studies, a crosswalk is an essential tool and a comprehensive mapping between ICD-8 and ICD-10 has until now been lacking. In this study, we map all ICD-8 morbidity codes to ICD-10 in the expanded Danish ICD version. We mapped ICD-8 codes to ICD-10, using a many-to-one system inspired by general equivalence mappings such that each ICD-8 code maps to a single ICD-10 code. Each ICD-8 code was manually and unidirectionally mapped to a single ICD-10 code based on medical setting and context. Each match was assigned a score (1 of 4 levels) reflecting the quality of the match and, if applicable, a "flag" signalling choices made in the mapping. We provide the first complete mapping of the 8596 ICD-8 morbidity codes to ICD-10 codes. All Danish ICD-8 codes representing diseases were mapped and 5106 (59.4%) achieved the highest consistency score. Only 334 (3.9%) of the ICD-8 codes received the lowest mapping consistency score. The mapping provides a scaffold for translation of ICD-8 to ICD-10, which enable longitudinal disease studies back to and 1969 in Denmark and to 1965 internationally with further adaption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Krogh Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert Eriksson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roc Reguant
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Australian E-Health Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Sydney, Australia
| | - Catherine Collin
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helle Krogh Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Christian Simon
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Marie Birch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Michael Larsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anna Pors Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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2
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Thorsen-Meyer HC, Nielsen AB, Nielsen AP, Kaas-Hansen BS, Toft P, Schierbeck J, Strøm T, Chmura PJ, Heimann M, Dybdahl L, Spangsege L, Hulsen P, Belling K, Brunak S, Perner A. Dynamic and explainable machine learning prediction of mortality in patients in the intensive care unit: a retrospective study of high-frequency data in electronic patient records. Lancet Digit Health 2020; 2:e179-e191. [PMID: 33328078 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(20)30018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many mortality prediction models have been developed for patients in intensive care units (ICUs); most are based on data available at ICU admission. We investigated whether machine learning methods using analyses of time-series data improved mortality prognostication for patients in the ICU by providing real-time predictions of 90-day mortality. In addition, we examined to what extent such a dynamic model could be made interpretable by quantifying and visualising the features that drive the predictions at different timepoints. METHODS Based on the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) III variables, we trained a machine learning model on longitudinal data from patients admitted to four ICUs in the Capital Region, Denmark, between 2011 and 2016. We included all patients older than 16 years of age, with an ICU stay lasting more than 1 h, and who had a Danish civil registration number to enable 90-day follow-up. We leveraged static data and physiological time-series data from electronic health records and the Danish National Patient Registry. A recurrent neural network was trained with a temporal resolution of 1 h. The model was internally validated using the holdout method with 20% of the training dataset and externally validated using previously unseen data from a fifth hospital in Denmark. Its performance was assessed with the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) as metrics, using bootstrapping with 1000 samples with replacement to construct 95% CIs. A Shapley additive explanations algorithm was applied to the prediction model to obtain explanations of the features that drive patient-specific predictions, and the contributions of each of the 44 features in the model were analysed and compared with the variables in the original SAPS III model. FINDINGS From a dataset containing 15 615 ICU admissions of 12 616 patients, we included 14 190 admissions of 11 492 patients in our analysis. Overall, 90-day mortality was 33·1% (3802 patients). The deep learning model showed a predictive performance on the holdout testing dataset that improved over the timecourse of an ICU stay: MCC 0·29 (95% CI 0·25-0·33) and AUROC 0·73 (0·71-0·74) at admission, 0·43 (0·40-0·47) and 0·82 (0·80-0·84) after 24 h, 0·50 (0·46-0·53) and 0·85 (0·84-0·87) after 72 h, and 0·57 (0·54-0·60) and 0·88 (0·87-0·89) at the time of discharge. The model exhibited good calibration properties. These results were validated in an external validation cohort of 5827 patients with 6748 admissions: MCC 0·29 (95% CI 0·27-0·32) and AUROC 0·75 (0·73-0·76) at admission, 0·41 (0·39-0·44) and 0·80 (0·79-0·81) after 24 h, 0·46 (0·43-0·48) and 0·82 (0·81-0·83) after 72 h, and 0·47 (0·44-0·49) and 0·83 (0·82-0·84) at the time of discharge. INTERPRETATION The prediction of 90-day mortality improved with 1-h sampling intervals during the ICU stay. The dynamic risk prediction can also be explained for an individual patient, visualising the features contributing to the prediction at any point in time. This explanation allows the clinician to determine whether there are elements in the current patient state and care that are potentially actionable, thus making the model suitable for further validation as a clinical tool. FUNDING Novo Nordisk Foundation and the Innovation Fund Denmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Christian Thorsen-Meyer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annelaura B Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna P Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benjamin Skov Kaas-Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Palle Toft
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jens Schierbeck
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Strøm
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Piotr J Chmura
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Heimann
- Centre for IT, Medical Technology and Telephony Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Kirstine Belling
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anders Perner
- Department of Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Russo F, Di Bella S, Vannini F, Berti G, Scoyni F, Cook HV, Santos A, Nigita G, Bonnici V, Laganà A, Geraci F, Pulvirenti A, Giugno R, De Masi F, Belling K, Jensen LJ, Brunak S, Pellegrini M, Ferro A. miRandola 2017: a curated knowledge base of non-invasive biomarkers. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:D354-D359. [PMID: 29036351 PMCID: PMC5753291 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
miRandola (http://mirandola.iit.cnr.it/) is a database of extracellular non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that was initially published in 2012, foreseeing the relevance of ncRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers. An increasing amount of experimental evidence shows that ncRNAs are frequently dysregulated in diseases. Further, ncRNAs have been discovered in different extracellular forms, such as exosomes, which circulate in human body fluids. Thus, miRandola 2017 is an effort to update and collect the accumulating information on extracellular ncRNAs that is spread across scientific publications and different databases. Data are manually curated from 314 articles that describe miRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs. Fourteen organisms are now included in the database, and associations of ncRNAs with 25 drugs, 47 sample types and 197 diseases. miRandola also classifies extracellular RNAs based on their extracellular form: Argonaute2 protein, exosome, microvesicle, microparticle, membrane vesicle, high density lipoprotein and circulating. We also implemented a new web interface to improve the user experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Russo
- Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | | | - Federica Vannini
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Gabriele Berti
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Flavia Scoyni
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 72010, Finland
| | - Helen V Cook
- Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Alberto Santos
- Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.,Clinical Proteomics, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Giovanni Nigita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, OH 43210, USA
| | - Vincenzo Bonnici
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Alessandro Laganà
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Filippo Geraci
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pulvirenti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, 95125, Italy
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Federico De Masi
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, DTU Bioinformatics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Lars J Jensen
- Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Marco Pellegrini
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Alfredo Ferro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, 95125, Italy
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4
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Nielsen AB, Thorsen-Meyer HC, Belling K, Nielsen AP, Thomas CE, Chmura PJ, Lademann M, Moseley PL, Heimann M, Dybdahl L, Spangsege L, Hulsen P, Perner A, Brunak S. Survival prediction in intensive-care units based on aggregation of long-term disease history and acute physiology: a retrospective study of the Danish National Patient Registry and electronic patient records. Lancet Digit Health 2019; 1:e78-e89. [PMID: 33323232 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(19)30024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive-care units (ICUs) treat the most critically ill patients, which is complicated by the heterogeneity of the diseases that they encounter. Severity scores based mainly on acute physiology measures collected at ICU admission are used to predict mortality, but are non-specific, and predictions for individual patients can be inaccurate. We investigated whether inclusion of long-term disease history before ICU admission improves mortality predictions. METHODS Registry data for long-term disease histories for more than 230 000 Danish ICU patients were used in a neural network to develop an ICU mortality prediction model. Long-term disease histories and acute physiology measures were aggregated to predict mortality risk for patients for whom both registry and ICU electronic patient record data were available. We compared mortality predictions with admission scores on the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, the Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, and the best available multimorbidity score, the Multimorbidity Index. An external validation set from an additional hospital was acquired after model construction to confirm the validity of our model. During initial model development data were split into a training set (85%) and an independent test set (15%), and a five-fold cross-validation was done during training to avoid overfitting. Neural networks were trained for datasets with disease history of 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2·5 years, 5 years, 7·5 years, 10 years, and 23 years before ICU admission. FINDINGS Mortality predictions with a model based solely on disease history outperformed the Multimorbidity Index (Matthews correlation coefficient 0·265 vs 0·065), and performed similarly to SAPS II and APACHE II (Matthews correlation coefficient with disease history, age, and sex 0·326 vs 0·347 and 0·300 for SAPS II and APACHE II, respectively). Diagnoses up to 10 years before ICU admission affected current mortality prediction. Aggregation of previous disease history and acute physiology measures in a neural network yielded the most precise predictions of in-hospital mortality (Matthews correlation coefficient 0·391 for in-hospital mortality compared with 0·347 with SAPS II and 0·300 with APACHE II). These results for the aggregated model were validated in an external independent dataset of 1528 patients (Matthews correlation coefficient for prediction of in-hospital mortality 0·341). INTERPRETATION Longitudinal disease-spectrum-wide data available before ICU admission are useful for mortality prediction. Disease history can be used to differentiate mortality risk between patients with similar vital signs with more precision than SAPS II and APACHE II scores. Machine learning models can be deconvoluted to generate novel understandings of how ICU patient features from long-term and short-term events interact with each other. Explainable machine learning models are key in clinical settings, and our results emphasise how to progress towards the transformation of advanced models into actionable, transparent, and trustworthy clinical tools. FUNDING Novo Nordisk Foundation and Innovation Fund Denmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelaura B Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans-Christian Thorsen-Meyer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna P Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilia E Thomas
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Piotr J Chmura
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Lademann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pope L Moseley
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Heimann
- Centre for IT, Medical Technology and Telephony Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Anders Perner
- Department of Intensive Care, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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5
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Kirk IK, Weinhold N, Brunak S, Belling K. The impact of the protein interactome on the syntenic structure of mammalian genomes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179112. [PMID: 28910296 PMCID: PMC5598925 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Conserved synteny denotes evolutionary preserved gene order across species. It is not well understood to which degree functional relationships between genes are preserved in syntenic blocks. Here we investigate whether protein-coding genes conserved in mammalian syntenic blocks encode gene products that serve the common functional purpose of interacting at protein level, i.e. connectivity. High connectivity among protein-protein interactions (PPIs) was only moderately associated with conserved synteny on a genome-wide scale. However, we observed a smaller subset of 3.6% of all syntenic blocks with high-confidence PPIs that had significantly higher connectivity than expected by random. Additionally, syntenic blocks with high-confidence PPIs contained significantly more chromatin loops than the remaining blocks, indicating functional preservation among these syntenic blocks. Conserved synteny is typically defined by sequence similarity. In this study, we also examined whether a functional relationship, here PPI connectivity, can identify syntenic blocks independently of orthology. While orthology-based syntenic blocks with high-confident PPIs and the connectivity-based syntenic blocks largely overlapped, the connectivity-based approach identified additional syntenic blocks that were not found by conventional sequence-based methods alone. Additionally, the connectivity-based approach enabled identification of potential orthologous genes between species. Our analyses demonstrate that subsets of syntenic blocks are associated with highly connected proteins, and that PPI connectivity can be used to detect conserved synteny even if sequence conservation drifts beyond what orthology algorithms normally can identify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Kristina Kirk
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nils Weinhold
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Computational Biology Program, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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6
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Maretty L, Jensen JM, Petersen B, Sibbesen JA, Liu S, Villesen P, Skov L, Belling K, Theil Have C, Izarzugaza JMG, Grosjean M, Bork-Jensen J, Grove J, Als TD, Huang S, Chang Y, Xu R, Ye W, Rao J, Guo X, Sun J, Cao H, Ye C, van Beusekom J, Espeseth T, Flindt E, Friborg RM, Halager AE, Le Hellard S, Hultman CM, Lescai F, Li S, Lund O, Løngren P, Mailund T, Matey-Hernandez ML, Mors O, Pedersen CNS, Sicheritz-Pontén T, Sullivan P, Syed A, Westergaard D, Yadav R, Li N, Xu X, Hansen T, Krogh A, Bolund L, Sørensen TIA, Pedersen O, Gupta R, Rasmussen S, Besenbacher S, Børglum AD, Wang J, Eiberg H, Kristiansen K, Brunak S, Schierup MH. Sequencing and de novo assembly of 150 genomes from Denmark as a population reference. Nature 2017; 548:87-91. [PMID: 28746312 DOI: 10.1038/nature23264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hundreds of thousands of human genomes are now being sequenced to characterize genetic variation and use this information to augment association mapping studies of complex disorders and other phenotypic traits. Genetic variation is identified mainly by mapping short reads to the reference genome or by performing local assembly. However, these approaches are biased against discovery of structural variants and variation in the more complex parts of the genome. Hence, large-scale de novo assembly is needed. Here we show that it is possible to construct excellent de novo assemblies from high-coverage sequencing with mate-pair libraries extending up to 20 kilobases. We report de novo assemblies of 150 individuals (50 trios) from the GenomeDenmark project. The quality of these assemblies is similar to those obtained using the more expensive long-read technology. We use the assemblies to identify a rich set of structural variants including many novel insertions and demonstrate how this variant catalogue enables further deciphering of known association mapping signals. We leverage the assemblies to provide 100 completely resolved major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and to resolve major parts of the Y chromosome. Our study provides a regional reference genome that we expect will improve the power of future association mapping studies and hence pave the way for precision medicine initiatives, which now are being launched in many countries including Denmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Maretty
- Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Malte Jensen
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bent Petersen
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jonas Andreas Sibbesen
- Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Siyang Liu
- Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,BGI-Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Palle Villesen
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Laurits Skov
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Belling
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Theil Have
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jose M G Izarzugaza
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marie Grosjean
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Grove
- iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas D Als
- iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Shujia Huang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Ruiqi Xu
- BGI-Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Weijian Ye
- BGI-Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Junhua Rao
- BGI-Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiaosen Guo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jihua Sun
- BGI-Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Chen Ye
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Johan van Beusekom
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Esben Flindt
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rune M Friborg
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders E Halager
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway.,Dr E. Martens Research Group of Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Christina M Hultman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Francesco Lescai
- iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Shengting Li
- iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Lund
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Peter Løngren
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Mailund
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Luisa Matey-Hernandez
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian N S Pedersen
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Patrick Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7264, USA
| | - Ali Syed
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Westergaard
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rachita Yadav
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ning Li
- BGI-Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Krogh
- Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Bolund
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ramneek Gupta
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Simon Rasmussen
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Søren Besenbacher
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jun Wang
- iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Eiberg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- DTU Bioinformatics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Heide Schierup
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,iSEQ, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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7
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Belling K, Russo F, Jensen AB, Dalgaard MD, Westergaard D, Rajpert-De Meyts E, Skakkebæk NE, Juul A, Brunak S. Klinefelter syndrome comorbidities linked to increased X chromosome gene dosage and altered protein interactome activity. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1219-1229. [PMID: 28369266 PMCID: PMC5390676 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) (47,XXY) is the most common male sex chromosome aneuploidy. Diagnosis and clinical supervision remain a challenge due to varying phenotypic presentation and insufficient characterization of the syndrome. Here we combine health data-driven epidemiology and molecular level systems biology to improve the understanding of KS and the molecular interplay influencing its comorbidities. In total, 78 overrepresented KS comorbidities were identified using in- and out-patient registry data from the entire Danish population covering 6.8 million individuals. The comorbidities extracted included both clinically well-known (e.g. infertility and osteoporosis) and still less established KS comorbidities (e.g. pituitary gland hypofunction and dental caries). Several systems biology approaches were applied to identify key molecular players underlying KS comorbidities: Identification of co-expressed modules as well as central hubs and gene dosage perturbed protein complexes in a KS comorbidity network build from known disease proteins and their protein–protein interactions. The systems biology approaches together pointed to novel aspects of KS disease phenotypes including perturbed Jak-STAT pathway, dysregulated genes important for disturbed immune system (IL4), energy balance (POMC and LEP) and erythropoietin signalling in KS. We present an extended epidemiological study that links KS comorbidities to the molecular level and identify potential causal players in the disease biology underlying the identified comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstine Belling
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francesco Russo
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders B Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marlene D Dalgaard
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Westergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels E Skakkebæk
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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8
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Russo F, Belling K, Jensen AB, Scoyni F, Brunak S, Pellegrini M. MicroRNAs, Regulatory Networks, and Comorbidities: Decoding Complex Systems. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1580:281-295. [PMID: 28439840 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6866-4_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Each miRNA targets a specific set of mRNAs. Upon binding the miRNA inhibits mRNA translation or facilitate mRNA degradation. miRNAs are frequently deregulated in several pathologies including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Since miRNAs have a crucial role in fine-tuning the expression of their targets, they have been proposed as biomarkers of disease progression and prognostication.In this chapter we discuss different approaches for computational predictions of miRNA targets based on sequence complementarity and integration of expression data. In the last section of the chapter we discuss new opportunities in the study of miRNA regulatory networks in the context of temporal disease progression and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Russo
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200, København N, Bygning 6, Denmark.
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200, København N, Bygning 6, Denmark
| | - Anders Boeck Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200, København N, Bygning 6, Denmark
| | - Flavia Scoyni
- Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200, København N, Bygning 6, Denmark
| | - Marco Pellegrini
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
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9
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Lottrup G, Belling K, Leffers H, Nielsen JE, Dalgaard MD, Juul A, Skakkebæk NE, Brunak S, Rajpert-De Meyts E. Comparison of global gene expression profiles of microdissected human foetal Leydig cells with their normal and hyperplastic adult equivalents. Mol Hum Reprod 2017; 23:339-354. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gax012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Grete Lottrup
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital(Rigshospitalet), International Center for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Leffers
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital(Rigshospitalet), International Center for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John E. Nielsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital(Rigshospitalet), International Center for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marlene D. Dalgaard
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital(Rigshospitalet), International Center for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
- DTU Multi-Assay Core (DMAC), Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital(Rigshospitalet), International Center for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels E. Skakkebæk
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital(Rigshospitalet), International Center for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital(Rigshospitalet), International Center for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Doroszko M, Chrusciel M, Belling K, Vuorenoja S, Dalgaard M, Leffers H, Nielsen HB, Huhtaniemi I, Toppari J, Rahman NA. Novel genes involved in pathophysiology of gonadotropin-dependent adrenal tumors in mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 444:9-18. [PMID: 28131743 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Specific inbred strains and transgenic inhibin-α Simian Virus 40 T antigen (inhα/Tag) mice are genetically susceptible to gonadectomy-induced adrenocortical neoplasias. We identified altered gene expression in prepubertally gonadectomized (GDX) inhα/Tag and wild-type (WT) mice. Besides earlier reported Gata4 and Lhcgr, we found up-regulated Esr1, Prlr-rs1, and down-regulated Grb10, Mmp24, Sgcd, Rerg, Gnas, Nfatc2, Gnrhr, Igf2 in inhα/Tag adrenal tumors. Sex-steroidogenic enzyme genes expression (Srd5a1, Cyp19a1) was up-regulated in tumors, but adrenal-specific steroidogenic enzyme (Cyp21a1, Cyp11b1, Cyp11b2) down-regulated. We localized novel Lhcgr transcripts in adrenal cortex parenchyma and in non-steroidogenic A cells, in GDX WT and in intact WT mice. We identified up-regulated Esr1 as a potential novel biomarker of gonadectomy-induced adrenocortical tumors in inhα/Tag mice presenting with an inverted adrenal-to-gonadal steroidogenic gene expression profile. A putative normal adrenal remodeling or tumor suppressor role of the down-regulated genes (e.g. Grb10, Rerg, Gnas, and Nfatc2) in the tumors remains to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Doroszko
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Marcin Chrusciel
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Kirstine Belling
- DTU Multi-Assay Core, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Susanna Vuorenoja
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Marlene Dalgaard
- DTU Multi-Assay Core, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Henrik Leffers
- DTU Multi-Assay Core, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - H Bjørn Nielsen
- DTU Multi-Assay Core, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ilpo Huhtaniemi
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Nafis A Rahman
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
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11
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Kirk IK, Weinhold N, Belling K, Skakkebæk NE, Jensen TS, Leffers H, Juul A, Brunak S. Chromosome-wise Protein Interaction Patterns and Their Impact on Functional Implications of Large-Scale Genomic Aberrations. Cell Syst 2017; 4:357-364.e3. [PMID: 28215527 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Gene copy-number changes influence phenotypes through gene-dosage alteration and subsequent changes of protein complex stoichiometry. Human trisomies where gene copy numbers are increased uniformly over entire chromosomes provide generic cases for studying these relationships. In most trisomies, gene and protein level alterations have fatal consequences. We used genome-wide protein-protein interaction data to identify chromosome-specific patterns of protein interactions. We found that some chromosomes encode proteins that interact infrequently with each other, chromosome 21 in particular. We combined the protein interaction data with transcriptome data from human brain tissue to investigate how this pattern of global interactions may affect cellular function. We identified highly connected proteins that also had coordinated gene expression. These proteins were associated with important neurological functions affecting the characteristic phenotypes for Down syndrome and have previously been validated in mouse knockout experiments. Our approach is general and applicable to other gene-dosage changes, such as arm-level amplifications in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Kristina Kirk
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nils Weinhold
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark; Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Erik Skakkebæk
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Skøt Jensen
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Henrik Leffers
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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12
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Russo F, Rizzo M, Belling K, Brunak S, Folkersen L. The hunt for fatal myocardial infarction biomarkers: predictive circulating microRNAs. Ann Transl Med 2016; 4:S1. [PMID: 27867969 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.08.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Russo
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Milena Rizzo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy; ; Tuscan Tumor Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Folkersen
- Center for Biological Sequence analysis, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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13
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Lin X, Stenvang J, Rasmussen MH, Zhu S, Jensen NF, Tarpgaard LS, Yang G, Belling K, Andersen CL, Li J, Bolund L, Brünner N. The potential role of Alu Y in the development of resistance to SN38 (Irinotecan) or oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:404. [PMID: 25997618 PMCID: PMC4440512 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irinotecan (SN38) and oxaliplatin are chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. However, the frequent development of resistance to these drugs represents a considerable challenge in the clinic. Alus as retrotransposons comprise 11% of the human genome. Genomic toxicity induced by carcinogens or drugs can reactivate Alus by altering DNA methylation. Whether or not reactivation of Alus occurs in SN38 and oxaliplatin resistance remains unknown. RESULTS We applied reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) to investigate the DNA methylome in SN38 or oxaliplatin resistant colorectal cancer cell line models. Moreover, we extended the RRBS analysis to tumor tissue from 14 patients with colorectal cancer who either did or did not benefit from capecitabine + oxaliplatin treatment. For the clinical samples, we applied a concept of 'DNA methylation entropy' to estimate the diversity of DNA methylation states of the identified resistance phenotype-associated methylation loci observed in the cell line models. We identified different loci being characteristic for the different resistant cell lines. Interestingly, 53% of the identified loci were Alu sequences- especially the Alu Y subfamily. Furthermore, we identified an enrichment of Alu Y sequences that likely results from increased integration of new copies of Alu Y sequence in the drug-resistant cell lines. In the clinical samples, SOX1 and other SOX gene family members were shown to display variable DNA methylation states in their gene regions. The Alu Y sequences showed remarkable variation in DNA methylation states across the clinical samples. CONCLUSION Our findings imply a crucial role of Alu Y in colorectal cancer drug resistance. Our study underscores the complexity of colorectal cancer aggravated by mobility of Alu elements and stresses the importance of personalized strategies, using a systematic and dynamic view, for effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Lin
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, the Bartholin Building, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Jan Stenvang
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section of Molecular Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Mads Heilskov Rasmussen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgårdsvej 100, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Shida Zhu
- BGI (Beijing Genomics Institute), Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Niels Frank Jensen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section of Molecular Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Line S Tarpgaard
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Guangxia Yang
- BGI (Beijing Genomics Institute), Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Claus Lindbjerg Andersen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgårdsvej 100, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, the Bartholin Building, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
- BGI (Beijing Genomics Institute), Shenzhen, 518083, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Lars Bolund
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, the Bartholin Building, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
- BGI (Beijing Genomics Institute), Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Nils Brünner
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Section of Molecular Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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14
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Besenbacher S, Liu S, Izarzugaza JMG, Grove J, Belling K, Bork-Jensen J, Huang S, Als TD, Li S, Yadav R, Rubio-García A, Lescai F, Demontis D, Rao J, Ye W, Mailund T, Friborg RM, Pedersen CNS, Xu R, Sun J, Liu H, Wang O, Cheng X, Flores D, Rydza E, Rapacki K, Damm Sørensen J, Chmura P, Westergaard D, Dworzynski P, Sørensen TIA, Lund O, Hansen T, Xu X, Li N, Bolund L, Pedersen O, Eiberg H, Krogh A, Børglum AD, Brunak S, Kristiansen K, Schierup MH, Wang J, Gupta R, Villesen P, Rasmussen S. Novel variation and de novo mutation rates in population-wide de novo assembled Danish trios. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5969. [PMID: 25597990 PMCID: PMC4309431 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Building a population-specific catalogue of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), indels and structural variants (SVs) with frequencies, termed a national pan-genome, is critical for further advancing clinical and public health genetics in large cohorts. Here we report a Danish pan-genome obtained from sequencing 10 trios to high depth (50 × ). We report 536k novel SNVs and 283k novel short indels from mapping approaches and develop a population-wide de novo assembly approach to identify 132k novel indels larger than 10 nucleotides with low false discovery rates. We identify a higher proportion of indels and SVs than previous efforts showing the merits of high coverage and de novo assembly approaches. In addition, we use trio information to identify de novo mutations and use a probabilistic method to provide direct estimates of 1.27e−8 and 1.5e−9 per nucleotide per generation for SNVs and indels, respectively. The generation of a national pan-genome, a population-specific catalogue of genetic variation, may advance the impact of clinical genetics studies. Here the Besenbacher et al. carry out deep sequencing and de novo assembly of 10 parent–child trios to generate a Danish pan-genome that provides insight into structural variation, de novo mutation rates and variant calling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Besenbacher
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Siyang Liu
- 1] BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark [2] Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - José M G Izarzugaza
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jakob Grove
- 1] Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [3] The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [4] Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1-3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shujia Huang
- 1] BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark [2] School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Thomas D Als
- 1] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [3] Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Shengting Li
- 1] BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark [2] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [3] The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [4] Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rachita Yadav
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Arcadio Rubio-García
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Francesco Lescai
- 1] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [3] Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Demontis
- 1] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [3] Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Junhua Rao
- BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Weijian Ye
- BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Mailund
- 1] Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rune M Friborg
- 1] Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian N S Pedersen
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ruiqi Xu
- BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jihua Sun
- BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hao Liu
- BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ou Wang
- BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiaofang Cheng
- BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Flores
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Emil Rydza
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Rapacki
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - John Damm Sørensen
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Piotr Chmura
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Westergaard
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Piotr Dworzynski
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- 1] The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1-3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark [2] Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, The Capital Region, Nordre Fasanvej 57, Hovedvejen 5, DK2000 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Lund
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- 1] The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1-3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark [2] Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ning Li
- BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Bolund
- 1] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 1-3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Eiberg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Krogh
- 1] Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark [2] Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- 1] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [3] Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel H Schierup
- 1] Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jun Wang
- 1] BGI Europe, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark [2] Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark [3] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ramneek Gupta
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Palle Villesen
- 1] Bioinformatics Research Center, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 8, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark [2] Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 6, building 1242, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simon Rasmussen
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 208, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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15
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Wissing ML, Sonne SB, Westergaard D, Nguyen KD, Belling K, Høst T, Mikkelsen AL. The transcriptome of corona radiata cells from individual MІІ oocytes that after ICSI developed to embryos selected for transfer: PCOS women compared to healthy women. J Ovarian Res 2014; 7:110. [PMID: 25432544 PMCID: PMC4302704 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-014-0110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Corona radiata cells (CRCs) refer to the fraction of cumulus cells just adjacent to the oocyte. The CRCs are closely connected to the oocyte throughout maturation and their gene expression profiles might reflect oocyte quality. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of infertility. It is controversial whether PCOS associate with diminished oocyte quality. The purpose of this study was to compare individual human CRC samples between PCOS patients and controls. Methods All patients were stimulated by the long gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist protocol. The CRC samples originated from individual oocytes developing into embryos selected for transfer. CRCs were isolated in a two-step denudation procedure, separating outer cumulus cells from the inner CRCs. Extracted RNA was amplified and transcriptome profiling was performed with Human Agilent® arrays. Results The transcriptomes of CRCs showed no individual genes with significant differential expression between PCOS and controls, but gene set enrichment analysis identified several cell cycle- and DNA replication pathways overexpressed in PCOS CRCs (FDR < 0.05). Five of the genes contributing to the up-regulated cell cycle pathways in the PCOS CRCs were selected for qRT-PCR validation in ten PCOS and ten control CRC samples. qRT-PCR confirmed significant up-regulation in PCOS CRCs of cell cycle progression genes HIST1H4C (FC = 2.7), UBE2C (FC = 2.6) and cell cycle related transcription factor E2F4 (FC = 2.5). Conclusion The overexpression of cell cycle-related genes and cell cycle pathways in PCOS CRCs could indicate a disturbed or delayed final maturation and differentiation of the CRCs in response to the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) surge. However, this had no effect on the in vitro development of the corresponding embryos. Future studies are needed to clarify whether the up-regulated cell cycle pathways in PCOS CRCs have any clinical implications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13048-014-0110-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Louise Wissing
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, Holbaek Fertility Clinic, Holbaek Hospital, Smedelundsgade 60, 4300, Holbaek, Denmark.
| | - Si Brask Sonne
- Institute of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - David Westergaard
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet building 208, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Kho do Nguyen
- DTU Multi Assay Core, Technical University of Denmark DTU, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Kirstine Belling
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet building 208, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Høst
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, Holbaek Fertility Clinic, Holbaek Hospital, Smedelundsgade 60, 4300, Holbaek, Denmark.
| | - Anne Lis Mikkelsen
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, Holbaek Fertility Clinic, Holbaek Hospital, Smedelundsgade 60, 4300, Holbaek, Denmark.
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Bjerre CA, Vinther L, Belling K, Schrohl RAS, Li J, Lin X, Han Z, Wang J, Bolund L, Jensen V, Nielsen BS, Soekilde R, Gupta R, Lademann U, Brünner N, Stenvang J. P4-01-17: TIMP-1 Over-Expression Confers Resistance of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells to Fulvestrant. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p4-01-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Endocrine resistance represents a major challenge in the management of estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. Currently no predictive biomarkers for endocrine resistance in ERpositive breast cancer patients are in clinical use.
In a clinical study, patients with metastatic breast cancer and high levels of serum Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) had less benefit from endocrine therapy than patients with a lower level of serum TIMP-1 [1].
Therefore, we evaluated the association between TIMP-1 and response to endocrine therapy using an in vitro approach.
We have previously presented initial results on TIMP-1 and response to endocrine therapy [2].
Materials and Methods: MCF-7 cells were stably transfected with pcDNA3.1(Hyg)-TIMP-1 plasmid, and a panel of 11 subclones with different expression levels of TIMP-1 was generated. TIMP-1 expression levels were confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Four subclones with high or low TIMP-1 expression were analyzed for the growth response to estrogen, 4-hydroxytamoxifen and fulvestrant. These four subclones were analyzed for protein expression by western blotting. All subclones were analyzed by whole human genome oligo microarrays 4×44K for determination of gene expression levels. Data were analyzed using the limma R/Bioconductor package. Paired-end Solexa sequencing was applied to selected subclones with high and low TIMP-1 levels to identify transcriptomic changes.
Results: High expression of TIMP-1 was associated with resistance to fulvestrant, whereas growth response to either estrogen or 4-hydroxytamoxifen was independent of TIMP-1 expression levels. High expression of TIMP-1 protein and mRNA was associated with undetectable levels of progesterone receptor (PgR) protein and mRNA whereas ER protein and mRNA levels were unaffected by TIMP-1. To characterize the potential role of TIMP-1 in estrogen signaling we analyzed the expression of reported estrogen-responsive genes and no general change was observed. We identified genes that correlated positively or negatively to TIMP-1 expression. Among the identified genes was PgR, which is a direct target for ER.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that a high expression of TIMP-1 in vitro is associated with resistance to fulvestrant but not to 4-hydroxytamoxifen. Estrogen-regulated genes are not generally affected by changes in TIMP-1 expression levels and therefore TIMP-1 appears to affect endocrine resistance through other mechanisms than globally regulating ER signaling. However, high expression of TIMP-1 is associated with loss of PgR and this may be related to the resistance towards fulvestrant.
References:
[1] Lipton, A et al: Serum TIMP-1 and Response to the Aromatase Inhibitor Letrozole Versus Tamoxifen in Metastatic Breast Cancer. J Clin Oncol; 2008; 26;(16); 2653–8
[2] Effect of TIMP-1 Overexpression on Endocrine Sensitivity of MCF-7 ER-positive Human Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro. Cancer Res; 2009; 69(24 suppl); abstract nr 2029
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- CA Bjerre
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - L Vinther
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - K Belling
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - Rasmussen A-S Schrohl
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - J Li
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - X Lin
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - Z Han
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - J Wang
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - L Bolund
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - V Jensen
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - BS Nielsen
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - R Soekilde
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - R Gupta
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - U Lademann
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - N Brünner
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
| | - J Stenvang
- 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Exiqon A/S, Vedbeak, Denmark
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Welsh M, Moffat L, Belling K, de França LR, Segatelli TM, Saunders PTK, Sharpe RM, Smith LB. Androgen receptor signalling in peritubular myoid cells is essential for normal differentiation and function of adult Leydig cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 35:25-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01150.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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