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Nakagawa M, Yoda K, Asahi K, Yumigeta Y, Watanabe A. Reproductive characteristics in an understory bamboo and gradual environmental changes after its dieback provide an extended opportunity for overstory tree regeneration in a mixed cool-temperate forest in central Japan. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2023. [PMID: 37070345 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive characteristics of understory bamboo and the effects of dieback on overstory tree seedlings through temporal changes in the environment at the forest floor have only been examined in a few bamboo species, due to the unpredictable occurrence of flowering events and long intervals between them but provide valuable information on tree regeneration and succession in a forest with dense dwarf bamboo cover. We investigated environmental conditions and assessed seedlings (< 30-cm tall) of the dwarf bamboo Sasa borealis and overstory tree species at 44-50 measurement points during 2016-2021, which included a S. borealis mass flowering event in 2017. We also conducted seed germination tests to determine germination rates and patterns in S. borealis. Environmental factors affecting seedling recruitment of S. borealis and of overstory trees were analysed using spatiotemporal generalized linear mixed models in the Bayesian framework. We observed gradual temporal changes in the environment, including increasing canopy openness and decreasing maximum height of dead S. borealis culms. The seeds germinated slowly and the emergence of current-year S. borealis seedlings peaked in spring-summer in 2019. The tree seedling density after 2019 increased significantly compared to that before the dieback. The model results suggest that tree seedling establishment was enhanced by increased light availability. Continuous field observation beginning before S. borealis dieback revealed gradually enhanced tree recruitment in response to slow decay of the remaining dead culms and slow recovery of S. borealis. The seedling regeneration pattern of understory bamboo partly contributes to a prolonged opportunity for overstory tree regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Yoda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Asahi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Yumigeta
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Watanabe
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Kimura SS, Sagara T, Yoda K, Ponnampalam LS. Habitat preference of two sympatric coastal cetaceans in Langkawi, Malaysia, as determined by passive acoustic monitoring. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2022. [DOI: 10.3354/esr01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Okamura T, Akune Y, Mori T, Morisaka T, Otomo W, Wakabayashi I, Watanabe S, Yoda K. Contribution of flippers and dorsal fins to the lateral/directional inherent stability during straight‐line swimming in small cetaceans. J Zool (1987) 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Okamura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
| | - Y. Akune
- Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Mori
- Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Morisaka
- Cetacean Research Center Graduate school of Bioresources Mie University Tsu Japan
| | - W. Otomo
- Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium Nagoya Japan
| | | | - S. Watanabe
- Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - K. Yoda
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
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Yoda K, Ohnuki Y, Masui S, Kurosawa H. Optimized conditions for the supplementation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell cultures with a GSK-3 inhibitor during embryoid body formation with the aim of inducing differentiation into mesodermal and cardiac lineage. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 129:371-378. [PMID: 31615734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We optimized the conditions for the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into mesoderm lineage-committed cells by supplementing the cultures with CHIR, a selective GSK-3 inhibitor, during embryoid body (EB) formation. In vitro treatment with 4 μM CHIR during the late 2 days of a 4-day suspension culture period was most effective at promoting mesodermal differentiation. The resulting EBs showed a significant increase in the expression levels of mesoderm-associated genes (WNT3A, T, DKK1, GATA4, FOXC1, and MESP1) and a maintenance of OCT3/4 and NANOG expressions. Upon subsequent differentiation into a cardiac cell lineage, these EBs were shown to generate contractile cardiomyocytes. When shortening the CHIR treatment period to 1 day, the resulting EBs showed reduced expression of mesoderm-associated genes in comparison to the 2-day CHIR treatment. In particular, the expression level of FOXC1 in the 1-day CHIR-treated EBs was much lower than that of the 2-day CHIR-treated EBs. When the treatment period with CHIR was extended to 4 days, the resulting EBs presented significantly reduced expression of WNT3A, OCT3/4, and NANOG upon CHIR concentrations above 4 μM. Similarly, when CHIR treatment was conducted after the formation of EBs, the effectiveness of the GSK-3 inhibitor was reduced compared to a treatment performed during EB formation. Our results indicate that spatiotemporal constraints associated with EB formation, i.e., three-dimensional structuration and cell development in EBs, should be taken into account when designing EB formation-based differentiation protocol involving CHIR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomi Yoda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Ohnuki
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | - Shinji Masui
- Advanced Biotechnology Center, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurosawa
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan.
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Yoda K, Ohnuki Y, Kurosawa H. Optimization of the treatment conditions with glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor towards enhancing the proliferation of human induced pluripotent stem cells while maintaining an undifferentiated state under feeder-free conditions. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 127:381-387. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Sami M, Yamashita H, Kadokura H, Kitamoto K, Yoda K, Yamasaki M. A New and Rapid Method for Determination of Beer-Spoilage Ability of Lactobacilli. Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-55-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Sami
- Brewing Research and Development Laboratory, Asahl Breweries, Ltd., 2-13-1 Ohmori-kita, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 143, Japan
| | - H. Yamashita
- Brewing Research and Development Laboratory, Asahl Breweries, Ltd., 2-13-1 Ohmori-kita, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 143, Japan
| | - H. Kadokura
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
| | - K. Kitamoto
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
| | - K. Yoda
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
| | - M. Yamasaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Nihon University, Shimouma 3-34-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 154, Japan
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Shiraishi K, Sakumi A, Haga A, Yamamoto K, Okuma K, Yoda K, Nakagawa K. EP-1607: Impact of brachytherapy seeds on dose distributions for prostate VMAT: a phantom study. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)41599-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nomoto A, Sakumi A, Takahashi W, Igaki H, Iwai Y, Yoda K, Nakagawa K. PD-0451: Plan comparison of volumetric modulated arc therapy with gamma knife radiosurgery for multiple brain metastases. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40447-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Miyazawa K, Kawase M, Kubota A, Yoda K, Harata G, Hosoda M, He F. Heat-killed Lactobacillus gasseri can enhance immunity in the elderly in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. Benef Microbes 2015; 6:441-9. [PMID: 25653155 DOI: 10.3920/bm2014.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to test whether Lactobacillus gasseri TMC0356 (TMC0356) can modify the immune response in the elderly. Heat-killed TMC0356 or placebo was orally administered to 28 healthy subjects aged 50-70 years old for 4 weeks at a dosage of 1.0×10(9) cfu/day. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from the subjects before and after the study completion, together with general health and blood examination records. Isolated PBMCs were examined for the number of T cells, CD8(+)CD28(+) cells, native T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells and the ratios of CD4/CD8 T cells and native/memory T cells. NK cell activation and concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte transformation of the isolated PBMCs were also examined. The number of CD8(+) T cells significantly increased in the subjects after TMC0356 oral administration (P<0.05). Furthermore, the population of CD8(+)CD28(+) T cells and the amount of lymphocyte transformation both significantly decreased in PBMCs from the placebo group (P<0.05). However, such changes were not observed in the subjects exposed to TMC0356. These results suggest that TMC0356 can increase the number of CD8(+) T cells and reduce CD28 expression loss in CD8(+) T cells of the elderly. The effect of TMC0356 on immune responses in the elderly may enhance their natural defence mechanisms against pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyazawa
- 1 Technical Research Laboratory, Takanashi Milk Products Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-0023, Japan
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Sakumi A, Yamamoto K, Haga A, Okuma K, Igaki H, Iwai Y, Yoda K, Nakagawa K. Impact of a Low Transmission Multileaf Collimator on the Parotid Grand Dose in Head and Neck Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy Planning: A Dose-Volume Histogram Comparison Between 2-Step Adaptive and Simultaneously Integrated Boost Techniques. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Naoi Y, Kunishima N, Yamamoto K, Yoda K. A planning target volume margin formula for hypofractionated intracranial stereotactic radiotherapy under cone beam CT image guidance with a six-degrees-of-freedom robotic couch and a mouthpiece-assisted mask system: a preliminary study. Br J Radiol 2014; 87:20140240. [PMID: 25029296 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A planning target volume (PTV) margin formula for hypofractionated intracranial stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) has been proposed under cone beam CT (CBCT) image guidance with a six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) robotic couch. METHODS CBCT-based registration using a 6-DOF couch reportedly led to negligibly small systematic positioning errors, suggesting that each in-treatment positioning error during the treatment courses for the patients employing this combination was predominantly caused by a random gaussian process. Under this assumption, an anisotropic PTV margin for each axis was formulated based on a gaussian distribution model. 19 patients with intracranial lesions who underwent additional post-treatment CBCT were consecutively selected, to whom stereotactic hypofractionated radiotherapy was delivered by a linear accelerator equipped with a CBCT imager, a 6-DOF couch and a mouthpiece-assisted mask system. Time-averaged patient-positioning errors during treatment were estimated by comparing the post-treatment CBCT with the reference planning CT images. RESULTS It was suggested that each histogram of the in-treatment positioning error in each axis would approach each single gaussian distribution with a mean of zero. The calculated PTV margins in the x, y and z directions were 0.97, 1.30 and 0.88 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION The empirical isotropic PTV margin of 2 mm used in our facility for intracranial SRT was consistent with the margin calculated by the proposed gaussian model. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE We have proposed a PTV margin formula for hypofractionated intracranial SRT under CBCT image guidance with a 6-DOF robotic couch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Naoi
- 1 Department of Radiology, Self Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamano N, Kawata Y, Kojima H, Yoda K, Yamasaki M. In VivoBiotinylation of Fusion Proteins Expressed inEscherichia coliwith a Sequence ofPropionibacterium freudenreichiiTranscarboxylase 1.3S Biotin Subunit. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 56:1017-26. [PMID: 1368826 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.56.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Biotinylation of fusion proteins in E. coli was studied using a sequence of Propionibacterium freudenreichii transcarboxylase 1.3S biotin subunit. As the biotinylation sequence, we examined two sequences: one was of amino acid residues [84-123] of 1.3S, a partial sequence containing a region from a conserved tetrapeptide (Ala-Met-Bct-Met) around the biotinyl lysine (Bct) to the carboxyl terminal; the other was of an almost entire sequence [18-123]. We constructed recombinant plasmids for fusion proteins of beta-galactosidase, of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, and of alkaline phosphatase. We found the biotinylation in the [18-123] sequence fused to alkaline phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yamano
- Government Industrial Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Hamamoto K, Goto H, Yamada S, Yoda M, Yoda K, Imanishi Y, Inaba M. THU0386 Seven Cases of Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis Treated with Intravenous Administration of Alendronate. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Elewa U, Fernandez B, Egido J, Ortiz A, Kaifu K, Tahara N, Ueda S, Yamagishi SI, Takeuchi M, Okuda S, Buraczynska M, Zukowski P, Wacinski P, Ksiazek A, Wu HY, Peng YS, Hung KY, Wu KD, Tu YK, Chien KL, Papale M, Vocino G, Di Paolo S, Pontrelli P, Conserva F, Rocchetti MT, Grandaliano G, De Cosmo S, Gesualdo L, Prkacin I, Duvnjak L, Bulum T, Prkacin I, Duvnjak L, Bulum T, Dumann K, Horrmann B, Lammert A, Gorski M, Kramer B, Heid I, Boger C, Aggarwal HK, Jain D, Talapatra P, Lenghel AR, Moldovan D, Rusu CC, Rusu A, Rahaian R, Bondor CI, Kacso IM, Unal A, Kocyigit I, Yilmaz S, Eser B, Elmali F, Sipahioglu M, Tokgoz B, Oymak O, Velioglu A, Guler D, Arikan H, Koc M, Tuglular S, Ozener C, Pallayova M, Rayner HC, Taheri S, Dasgupta I, Fernandes FB, Fernandes AB, Febba ACDS, Vitalle MSDS, Jung F, Casarini DE, Liu F, Huang M, Fu P, Bulatovic A, Popovic J, Ille K, Jelic S, Beljic Zivkovic T, Dimkovic N, Kohli HS, Ramachandran R, Kumar S, Jha V, Sakhuja V, Hamamoto K, Inaba M, Yamada S, Yoda K, Imanishi Y, Emoto M, Okuno S, Shoji S, Silva A, Fragoso A, Pinho A, Silva C, Santos N, Faisca M, Neves PL, Capolongo G, Restivo A, Pluvio M, Capasso G, Bello BT, Mabayoje OM, Amira OC, Theodoridis M, Panagoutsos S, Roumeliotis A, Kantartzi K, Tsigalou C, Passadakis P, Vargemezis V, Deeb A, Zaoui P, Le Penven S, Tartry D, Ducher M, Fauvel JP, Angioi A, Asunis AM, Cao R, Atzeni A, Conti M, Floris M, Melis P, Pili G, Piras D, Piredda G, Pani A, Murata M, Ishikawa SE, Aoki A, Unal A, Kocyigit I, Cerci I, Dogan E, Arikan T, Sipahioglu M, Tokgoz B, Oymak O, Madziarska K, Letachowicz K, Golebiowski T, Zmonarski SC, Krajewska M, Letachowicz W, Penar J, Kusztal M, Augustyniak-Bartosik H, Klak R, Weyde W, Klinger M. Diabetes - clinical studies. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Sakumi A, Mizuno K, Nishijima Y, Uesaka M, Haga A, Iwai Y, Yoda K, Nakagawa K. PO-0873: Evaluation of an intrafraction 4D cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging system. Radiother Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)33179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yoda K, He F, Miyazawa K, Kawase M, Kubota A, Hiramatsu M. Orally administered heat-killed Lactobacillus gasseri TMC0356 alters respiratory immune responses and intestinal microbiota of diet-induced obese mice. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:155-62. [PMID: 22519947 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the influence of heat-killed Lactobacillus gasseri TMC0356 on changes in respiratory immune function and intestinal microbiota in a diet-induced obese mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. After 8 weeks, the high-fat-diet-induced obese mice (DIO mice) were randomly divided into two 0067roups, the DIO and DIO0356 groups. DIO0356 group mice were orally fed with heat-killed TMC0356 every day for 8 weeks, while DIO group mice were exposed to 0·85% NaCl over the same time period as controls. After intervention, the pulmonary mRNA expression of cytokines and other immune molecules in DIO0356 mice compared to those in DIO group mice was significantly increased (P < 0·05, P < 0·01). In faecal bacterial profiles, analysed using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) method, T-RFLP patterns in 75% of the DIO0356 group mice were apparently changed compared with those in control group mice. CONCLUSION These results suggest that inactive lactobacilli may stimulate the respiratory immune responses of obese host animals to enhance their natural defences against respiratory infection, partially associating with their potent impact on intestinal microbiota. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We have demonstrated that oral administration of inactive lactobacilli may protect host animals from the lung immune dysfunction caused by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoda
- Technical Research Laboratory, Takanashi Milk Products Co. Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Sakumi A, Haga A, Shiraishi K, Onoe T, Yamamoto K, Nomoto A, Iwai Y, Yoda K, Ohtomo K, Nakagawa K. EP-1532 INTERCOMPARISON OF IMPACT OF CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE DOSE RATE ON THREE TREATMENT PLANNING SYSTEMS FOR ELEKTA VMAT. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71865-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Nakagawa K, Masutani Y, Haga A, Yamashita H, Takahashi W, Sakumi A, Kida S, Saotome N, Ohtomo K, Yoda K. EP-1458 A COMPARISON OF THREE REGISTRATION METHODS USING 4D PLANNING CT AND ON-BOARD 4D CONE-BEAM CT FOR LUNG VMAT. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71791-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shiraishi K, Sakumi A, Haga A, Onoe T, Yamamoto K, Okuma K, Yoda K, Nakagawa K. PO-167 IMPACT OF EMBEDDED SEEDS ON DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS IN X-RAY RADIOTHERAPY: A PHANTOM STUDY WITH MONTE CARLO CALCULATION. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)72133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sakumi A, Haga A, Satoshi K, Naoya S, Yoda K, Nakagawa K. 245 IN-TREATMENT DOSE CALCULATION USING INTREATMENT 4D KILOVOLTAGE CONE-BEAM CT AND IN-TREATMENT LINAC PARAMETERS DURING VOLUMETRIC MODULATED ARC THERAPY FOR A LUNG TUMOR. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)70212-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Miyazawa K, He F, Kawase M, Kubota A, Yoda K, Hiramatsu M. Enhancement of immunoregulatory effects of Lactobacillus gasseri TMC0356 by heat treatment and culture medium. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 53:210-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03093.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nakagawa K, Haga A, Yamashita H, Kida S, Saotome N, Sakumi A, Imae T, Ohtomo K, Masutani Y, Yoda K. 1175 poster BEAM'S EYE VIEW BASED VERIFICATION OF ACTUAL DELIVERY USING IN-TREATMENT 4D CONE-BEAM CT. Radiother Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(11)71297-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Haga A, Nakagawa K, Shiraishi K, Itoh S, Kida S, Ohtomo K, Saegusa S, Katsutake S, Yoda K, Pellegrini R. PROPERTY OF VOLUMETRIC MODULATED ARC THERAPY (VMAT) FOR PROSTATE CANCER USING ELEKTA SYNERGY AND ERGO++ TREATMENT PLANNING SYSTEM. Radiother Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)73167-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Haga A, Nakagawa K, Shiraishi K, Itoh S, Saegusa S, Imae T, Sasaki K, Kida S, Terahara A, Yoda K. SU-FF-T-247: Influence of Gantry Angle, Multi-Leaf Collimator (MLC), and Jaw Position Errors to Dose Distribution in Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT). Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Shiraishi K, Nakagawa K, Haga A, Ohtomo K, Okano Y, Oritate T, Yoda K. Clinical Implementation of IMAT Prostate Treatment using Elekta Synergy and ERGO++ Treatment Planning System. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Haga A, Nakagawa K, Shiraishi K, Ohtomo K, Okano Y, Oritate T, Yoda K, Pellegrini R. Physical Aspects of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) using Elekta Synergy and ERGO++ Treatment Planning System. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Eukaryotic cells have developed a complex intracellular membrane system to divide the cell into various compartments where specific biochemical reactions are efficiently conducted locally. They also have developed systems to deliver appropriate materials to each specific compartment. Vesicular transport is a delivery system that also links most of the main organelles in the cell. The Golgi apparatus occupies the central position of the traffic between the endoplasmic reticulum and the endosome/vacuole/plasma membrane by maturating and sorting delivery of materials. Every important feature of vesicular transport has been identified by studying the Golgi apparatus, and the unicellular microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been an extremely excellent material for this study. Cycles of production and consumption of the transport vesicles by sorting the cargo, budding from the donor, tethering, docking and fusion to the target can now be explained to a large extent at the molecular level. The functional and structural aspects of the Golgi have also been well studied in the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoda
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Tomishige N, Noda Y, Adachi H, Shimoi H, Takatsuki A, Yoda K. Mutations that are synthetically lethal with a gas1Delta allele cause defects in the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Genet Genomics 2003; 269:562-73. [PMID: 12827498 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-003-0864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2002] [Accepted: 05/02/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The GAS1-related genes of fungi encode GPI-anchored proteins with beta-1,3-glucanosyltransferase activity. Loss of this activity results in defects in the assembly of the cell wall. We isolated mutants that show a synthetic defect when combined with a gas1Delta allele in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and identified nine wild-type genes that rescue this defect. The indispensability of BIG1 and KRE6 for the viability of gas1Delta cells confirmed the important role of beta-1,6-glucan in cells that are defective in the processing of beta-1,3-glucan. The identification of the Wsc1p hypo-osmotic stress sensor and components of the PKC signal transduction pathway in our screen also confirmed that the cell wall integrity response attenuates the otherwise lethal gas1Delta defect. Unexpectedly, we found that the KEX2 gene is also required for the viability of the gas1Delta mutant. Kex2p is a Golgi/endosome-membrane-anchored protease that processes secretory preproteins. A cell wall defect was also found in the kex2Delta mutant, which was suppressible by multiple copies of the MKC7 or YAP3 gene, both of which encode other GPI-anchored proteases. Therefore, normal cell wall assembly requires proteolytic processing of secretory preproteins. Furthermore, the genes CSG2 and IPT1 were found to be required for normal growth of gas1Delta cells in the presence of 1 M sorbitol. This finding suggests that complex sphingolipids play a role in the hyper-osmotic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tomishige
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8657 Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Kokubo M, Sawada A, Yoda K, Nagata Y, Hiraoka M. Non-invasive respiratory-gated radiation treatment system based on a 3-d ultrasound device and a 3-d digital localizer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(02)03602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Oh SY, Fujii M, Takeda Y, Yoda K, Utoguchi N, Matsumoto M, Watanabe Y. The effect of ethanol on the simultaneous transport and metabolism of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate in excised skin of Yucatan micropig. Int J Pharm 2002; 236:35-42. [PMID: 11891068 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of ethanol on the simultaneous transport and metabolism of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate (HBM) were investigated in the skin of Yucatan micropig in vitro. It was found that transesterification occurred in the permeation studies involving ethanol. This was confirmed by monitoring the flux of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate (HBE) into the receptor phase, as well as by monitoring the fluxes of HBM and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA). The apparent flux of total HBM was decreased. The solubility of HBM increased with ethanol concentration, thus, the activity of HBM in ethanol solution became low because we used 10 mM HBM solution for permeation studies. The enhancement factor (E) was calculated to correct the activity. E increased with increasing the flux of ethanol, thus, ethanol may function as an enhancer of HBM transport. The hydrolysis of HBM to HBA was inhibited, whereas transesterification of HBM to HBE was induced at all concentrations of ethanol used (10-40%). The formation of HBE occurred much more readily than that of HBA at all concentrations of ethanol used.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Oh
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawa-Gakuen, Machida, 194-8543, Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Abstract
A previously uncharacterized yeast protein, YJL066c, was discovered in the membrane fraction although it has no hydrophobic stretch. The protein was partly solubilized by Triton X-100 in an oligomeric form, while it was insoluble in alkali or salt. By immunofluorescent microscopy, its localization coincided with the mitochondria. We therefore propose it should be named Mpm1 (mitochondrial peculiar membrane protein 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Inadome
- Department of Biotechnology, the University of Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Cho JH, Noda Y, Adachi H, Yoda K. A novel membrane protein complex on the endoplasmic reticulum and early Golgi compartments in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001; 65:2226-32. [PMID: 11758914 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.2226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A novel membrane protein, Yml067c in the systematic ORF name, was discovered as a component of immunoisolated vesicles of the early Golgi compartment of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Cho et al., FEBS Lett. 469, 151-154 (2000)). Conserved sequences having sequence similarity to Yml067c were widely distributed in the eukaryotes and one of them, Yal042w, was found in the Saccharomyces genome database. In the yeast cell, Yml067c and Yal042w were found to form a heterooligomeric complex by immunoprecipitation of their tagged derivatives from the detergent-solubilized membrane. Cell fractionation and indirect immunofluorescent staining indicated that the majority of these proteins were localized on the ER membrane. Therefore, the Yml067c-Yal042w complex should shuttle between the ER and the early Golgi compartment as well as the p24-family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, the University of Tokyo, Japan
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33
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Kosodo Y, Imai K, Hirata A, Noda Y, Takatsuki A, Adachi H, Yoda K. Multicopy suppressors of the sly1 temperature-sensitive mutation in the ER-Golgi vesicular transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 2001; 18:1003-14. [PMID: 11481671 DOI: 10.1002/yea.747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sly1 protein is a member of the Sec1/Munc18-family proteins, which are essential for vesicular trafficking, but their exact biological roles are yet to be determined. A temperature-sensitive sly1 mutant arrests the vesicular transport from the ER to Golgi compartments at 37 degrees C. We screened for multicopy suppressor genes that restore the colony formation of the sly1(ts) mutant to discover functionally interacting components. The suppressor genes obtained were classified as: (1) those that encode a multifunctional suppressor, SSD1; (2) heat shock proteins, SSB1 and SSB2; (3) cell surface proteins, WSC1, WSC2 and MID2; (4) ER-Golgi transport proteins, USO1 and BET1; and (5) an as-yet-uncharacterized protein, HSD1 (high-copy suppressor of SLY1 defect 1). By epitope tagging of the gene product, we found that Hsd1 protein is an ER-resident membrane protein. Its overproduction induced enlargement of ER-like membrane structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kosodo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Yoda K, Naito Y, Sato K, Takahashi A, Nishikawa J, Ropert-Coudert Y, Kurita M, Le Maho Y. A new technique for monitoring the behaviour of free-ranging Adelie penguins. J Exp Biol 2001; 204:685-90. [PMID: 11171350 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.204.4.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of the time allocation of penguins at sea has been a major goal of researchers in recent years. Until now, however, no equipment has been available that would allow measurement of the aquatic and terrestrial behaviour of an Antarctic penguin while it is commuting between the colony and the foraging grounds. A new motion detector, based on the measurement of acceleration, has been used here in addition to current methods of inferring behaviour using data loggers that monitor depth and speed. We present data on the time allocation of Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) according to the different types of behaviours they display during their foraging trips: walking, tobogganing, standing on land, lying on land, resting at the water surface, porpoising and diving. To illustrate the potential of this new technique, we compared the behaviour of Adelie penguins during the chick-rearing period in a fast sea-ice region and an ice-free region. The proportion of time spent standing, lying on land and walking during foraging trips was greater for penguins in the sea-ice region (37.6+/−13.3% standing, 21.6+/−15.6% lying and 5.9+/−6.3% walking) than for those in the ice-free region (12.0+/−15.8 % standing, 0.38+/−0.60% lying and 0 % walking), whereas the proportion of time spent resting at the water surface and porpoising was greater for birds in the ice-free region (38.1+/−6.4% resting and 1.1+/−1.1% porpoising) than for those in the sea-ice region (3.0+/−2.3% resting and 0% porpoising; means +/− s.d., N=7 for the sea-ice region, N=4 for the ice-free region). Using this new approach, further studies combining the monitoring of marine resources in different Antarctic sites and the measurement of the energy expenditure of foraging penguins, e.g. using heart rates, will constitute a powerful tool for investigating the effects of environmental conditions on their foraging strategy. This technique will expand our ability to monitor many animals in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoda
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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35
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Sugata N, Li S, Earnshaw WC, Yen TJ, Yoda K, Masumoto H, Munekata E, Warburton PE, Todokoro K. Human CENP-H multimers colocalize with CENP-A and CENP-C at active centromere--kinetochore complexes. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9:2919-26. [PMID: 11092768 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.19.2919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Centromere and kinetochore proteins have a pivotal role in centromere structure, kinetochore formation and sister chromatid separation. However, the molecular architecture and the precise dynamic function of the centromere-kinetochore complex during mitosis remain poorly understood. Here we report the isolation and characterization of human CENP-H. Confocal microscopic analyses of HeLa cells with anti-human CENP-H-specific antibody demonstrated that CENP-H colocalizes with inner kinetochore plate proteins CENP-A and CENP-C in both interphase and metaphase. CENP-H was present outside centromeric heterochromatin, where CENP-B is localized, and inside the kinetochore corona, where CENP-E is localized during prometaphase. Furthermore, CENP-H was detected at neocentromeres, but not at inactive centromeres in stable dicentric chromosomes. In vitro binding assays of human CENP-H with centromere-kinetochore proteins suggest that the CENP-H binds to itself and MCAK, but not to CENP-A, CENP-B or CENP-C. CENP-H multimers were observed in cells in which both FLAG-tagged CENP-H and hemagglutinin-tagged CENP-H were expressed. These results suggest that CENP-H multimers localize constitutively to the inner kinetochore plate and play an important fundamental role in organization and function of the active human centromere-kinetochore complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sugata
- Tsukuba Life Science Center, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), 3-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
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36
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Yoda K, Kawada T, Kaibara C, Fujie A, Abe M, Shimizu J, Tomishige N, Noda Y, Yamasaki M. Defect in cell wall integrity of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae caused by a mutation of the GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase gene VIG9. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64:1937-41. [PMID: 11055399 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae VIG9 gene encodes GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase, which synthesizes GDP-mannose from GTP and mannose-1-phosphate. Although the null mutant was lethal, the vig9 mutants so far obtained showed no growth defect but immature protein glycosylation and drug hypersensitivity. During our search for cell-wall mutants, we found a novel temperature-sensitive mutant, JS30, which required an osmotic stabilizer for viability. JS30 excreted cell surface proteins in the medium without any indication of cell lysis. Although conventional genetic analysis using mating was impossible, by detailed characterization of JS30 including an in vitro enzyme assay and nucleotide sequencing, we found the defect of JS30 was due to a mutation in the VIG9 gene. These results indicated a critical role of GDP-mannose in maintenance of cell-wall integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoda
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
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Yoda K, Ando S, Morishita S, Houmura K, Hashimoto K, Takeyasu K, Okazaki T. Human centromere protein A (CENP-A) can replace histone H3 in nucleosome reconstitution in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:7266-71. [PMID: 10840064 PMCID: PMC16534 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.130189697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Centromere protein A (CENP-A) is a variant of histone H3 with more than 60% sequence identity at the C-terminal histone fold domain. CENP-A specifically locates to active centromeres of animal chromosomes and therefore is believed to be a component of the specialized centromeric nucleosomes on which the kinetochores are assembled. Here we report that CENP-A, highly purified from HeLa cells, can indeed replace histone H3 in a nucleosome reconstitution system mediated by nucleosome assembly protein-1 (NAP-1). The structure of the nucleosomes reconstituted with recombinant CENP-A, histones H2A, H2B, and H4, and closed circular DNAs had the following properties. By atomic force microscopy, "beads on a string" images were obtained that were similar to those obtained with nucleosomes reconstituted with four standard histones. DNA ladders with repeats of approximately 10 bp were produced by DNase I digestion, indicating that the DNA was wrapped round the protein complex. Mononucleosomes isolated by glycerol gradient sedimentation had a relative molecular mass of approximately 200 kDa and were composed of 120-150 bp of DNA and equimolar amounts of CENP-A, and histones H4, H2A, and H2B. Thus, we conclude that CENP-A forms an octameric complex with histones H4, H2A, and H2B in the presence of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoda
- Bioscience Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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38
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Abstract
A method for designing a variable-SOBP (spread-out Bragg peak) ridge filter has been proposed. First, ridge filter parameters are determined by using a Monte Carlo calculation followed by a fast two-step iterative optimization. Then, tilting the ridge filter results in continuous variation of the SOBP width. Monte Carlo calculations show that depth dose uniformity changes from +/- 1.3% to +/- 1.6% for SOBP widths ranging from 10.3 cm to 14.5 cm. Advantages of the proposed tilting ridge filter include a capability of continuous SOBP variation and cost-effective installation for a given SOBP width range.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nakagawa
- Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Advanced Technology R&D Center, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan
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39
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Abstract
The yeast tSNARE Sed5p is considered to mainly reside in the early Golgi compartment at the steady state of its intracellular cycling. To better understand this compartment, we immunoisolated a membrane subfraction having Sed5p on the surface (the Sed5 vesicles). Immunoblot studies showed that considerable portions (20-30%) of the Golgi mannosyltransferases (Mnt1p, Van1p, and Mnn9p) were simultaneously recovered while the late Golgi (Kex2p) or endoplasmic reticulum (Sec71p) proteins were almost excluded. The N-terminal sequences of the polypeptides detectable by Coomassie blue staining indicated that the prominent components of the Sed5 vesicles include Anp1p, Emp24p, Erv25p, Erp1p, Ypt52p, and a putative membrane protein of unknown function (Yml067c).
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Yoda K, Sata T, Kurata T, Aramaki H. Oropharyngotonsillitis associated with nonprimary Epstein-Barr virus infection. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000; 126:185-93. [PMID: 10680870 DOI: 10.1001/archotol.126.2.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify distinct clinical features of pharyngotonsillitis or oropharyngitis associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection from herpes simplex virus infection. DESIGN Clinical studies by case exploration. SETTING Institutional practice at a university hospital. PATIENTS Thirty-three patients with pharyngotonsillitis and 4 patients with oropharyngitis of nonbacterial infection underwent biopsy of pharyngotonsillar lesions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The specimens were examined by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction. In addition to serological testing and routine laboratory data, photographic oropharyngeal findings were collected for clinical evaluation. RESULTS In situ hybridization to detect EBV-encoded small nuclear RNA-1 and -2 disclosed 8 cases of pharyngotonsillitis and 4 cases of oropharyngitis associated with EBV infection. Immunohistochemical analysis identified 5 cases of pharyngotonsillitis associated with herpes simplex virus infection. Serological examination showed that, among 12 cases positive by in situ hybridization, 3 cases were primary infection with infectious mononucleosis and 9 were nonprimary infection. The staining pattern of in situ hybridization was different, ie, a linear pattern in cases of nonprimary infection and a scattered pattern in cases of primary infection. The clinical manifestations of EBV pharyngotonsillitis were distinct from those of herpes simplex virus pharyngotonsillitis and were characteristic irrespective of infectious status, while those of EBV oropharyngitis were more variable. CONCLUSIONS Epstein-Barr virus-associated pharyngotonsillitis was demonstrated in patients with nonprimary infection unaccompanied by infectious mononucleosis. Epstein-Barr virus should be considered a potential causative agent of oropharyngotonsillitis even in absence of infectious mononucleosis, especially in a young adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Daini Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
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41
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Yoda K, Ko JH, Nagamatsu T, Lin Y, Kaibara C, Kawada T, Tomishige N, Hashimoto H, Noda Y, Yamasaki M. Molecular characterization of a novel yeast cell-wall acid phosphatase cloned from Kluyveromyces marxianus. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64:142-8. [PMID: 10705459 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A novel Kluyveromyces marxianus gene that encodes an acid phosphatase, Pho610, was cloned in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The deduced amino acid sequence was distinct from S. cerevisiae phosphatases but similar to some fungal enzymes. A peculiar feature of the sequence is that it has hydrophobic stretches both at the N- and C-termini, which is a characteristic of the precursors of glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchored proteins. When the gene was expressed in S. cerevisiae, the active enzyme was recovered in the periplasmic fraction by glucanase digestion. The Pho610 polypeptide was highly glycosylated and a significant portion was covalently linked to the cell-wall glucan. The enzyme was secreted when the C-terminal region was truncated to remove the GPI signal. Therefore, Pho610 is a novel cell-wall protein having an enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoda
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Ohtsuka M, Makino S, Yoda K, Wada H, Naruse K, Mitani H, Shima A, Ozato K, Kimura M, Inoko H. Construction of a linkage map of the medaka (Oryzias latipes) and mapping of the Da mutant locus defective in dorsoventral patterning. Genome Res 1999; 9:1277-87. [PMID: 10613850 PMCID: PMC311007 DOI: 10.1101/gr.9.12.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/1999] [Accepted: 09/01/1999] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Double anal fin (Da) is a medaka with an autosomal semidominant mutation that causes mirror image duplication of the ventral region concentrating on the caudal region. The chromosomal location of the Da gene and its sequence have remained unknown. We constructed a medaka linkage map as a first step to approach positional cloning of the gene. The segregation analysis was performed on the basis of genetic recombination during female meiosis using 134 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, 13 sequence-tagged sites (STSs), 15 polymorphic sequences from known genes, and the Da gene. One hundred forty-six markers from the above markers segregated into 26 linkage groups. The size of the genome was estimated to be 1776 cM in length. We identified four syntenic regions between medaka and zebrafish (and human) by mapping the known genes and found one of them to be located in close proximity to the Da gene. By mapping the region surrounding the Da gene in high resolution, two markers were detected flanking the Da gene at 0.32 and 0.80 cM. The detected markers providing a vital clue to initiate chromosome walking will lead us to the definite location of the Da gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ohtsuka
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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Yoda K, Sato K, Niizuma Y, Kurita M, Bost C, Le Maho Y, Naito Y. Precise monitoring of porpoising behaviour of Adelie penguins determined using acceleration data loggers. J Exp Biol 1999; 202:3121-6. [PMID: 10539960 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.202.22.3121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new method using acceleration data loggers enabled us to measure the porpoising behaviour of Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae), defined as a continuous rapid swimming with rhythmic serial leaps. Previous hydrodynamic models suggested that leaping would be energetically cheaper when an animal swims continuously at depths of less than three maximum body diameters below the water surface. In the present study, free-ranging Adelie penguins leapt at a mean speed of 2.8 m s(−)(1) above the predicted threshold speed (0.18-1. 88 m s(−)(1)). Wild penguins reduced drag by swimming deeper (0.91 m) and did not swim continuously within the high-drag layer while submerged. This indicates that previous calculations may be incomplete. Moreover, leaps represented an average of only 3.8 % of the total distance travelled during the porpoising cycle, which would make energy savings marginal. Among the six penguins used in our study, two did not porpoise and three porpoised for less than 7 min, also indicating that this behaviour was not important during travel to and from foraging sites, as has been previously suggested. Birds mainly porpoised at the start and end of a trip. One explanation of porpoising might be an escape behaviour from predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoda
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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44
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Kojima H, Hashimoto H, Yoda K. Interaction among the subunits of Golgi membrane mannosyltransferase complexes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1999; 63:1970-6. [PMID: 10635561 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.63.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mnn9 protein is a type II Golgi membrane protein which concerns in protein mannosylation. When solubilized by Triton X-100, it was recovered in two distinct complexes both having mannosyltransferase activity; one with Van1 protein (V-complex) and the other with Anp1, Hoc1, Mnn10, and Mnn11 proteins (A-complex). Characterization of the null mutants suggested that A-complex is also concerned in protein O-glycosylation. A-complex was more resistant than V-complex to dissociating conditions. Interaction between the lumenal domains of Van1 and Mnn9 was detected by a two-hybrid experiment. The anchor domain of Mnn9 protein could be replaced with other membrane anchors without losing the ability to form complexes similar to V- and A-complexes. Thus the lumenal domains are important to assemble these distinct complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kojima
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Tokyo, Japan
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45
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46
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Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vig4/Vrg4 protein is a Golgi membrane protein which has multiple transmembrane domains and is essential for transport of GDP-mannose across the Golgi membrane. By immunoprecipitation of detergent-solubilized tagged protein, we found that this protein exists as oligomer. Two mutants vig4-1 and vig4-2 had amino acid substitutions in the C-terminal region, Ala286Val and Ser278Cys, respectively. In accord with these mutations, trimming of the C-terminal hydrophobic part close to the region impaired the function and traffic of the proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abe
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Tokyo, Japan
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47
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Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the normal oral cavity was studied by the sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers for the L1 region of human papillomavirus DNA and high fidelity amplification system. Cells were scraped from the oral mucosae of 7 (mean age; 42 years) and 30 (mean age; 32 years) volunteers with and without skin warts, respectively. Human papillomavirus DNA was detected in 30/37 (81.1%) specimens and their copy numbers per cell were 10(-1) to 10(-4) (mean, 10(-3)). The human papillomavirus types determined by PCR-based sequencing analysis were HPV-18 (26/30; 86.7%), -61 (18/30; 60%), -59 (7/30; 23.3%), -16 (2/30; 6.7%), -6 (1/30; 3.3%) and an unknown type (HPV-X71) (1/30; 3.3%). Multiple human papillomavirus types were present in 17/30 (56.7%) specimens. HPV-6 was detected in 2 of 7 skin warts and differed from the human papillomavirus types of the corresponding oral specimens. These data suggest that human papillomavirus infection in the oral mucosa occurs much more frequently than previously considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Terai
- Laboratory of Pathology, AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Miyahara T, Harada M, Kozakai A, Matsumoto M, Hashimoto K, Inoue H, Yoda K, Nakatsu T, Kajita S, Yamazaki R, Higuchi S, Kozuka H, Nemoto N. Comparison of 26,27-hexafluoro-1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the resorption of bone explants ex vivo. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1999; 45:239-49. [PMID: 10524344 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.45.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
26,27-Hexafluoro-1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [F6-1,25-(OH)2D3] is more potent than 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] in stimulating bone resorption in vitro and in vivo. The reason why F6-1,25(OH)2D3 is more active remains unclear. To clarify the relationship between the bone-resorbing activity of each vitamin D3 analogue and the metabolism of each analogue, in the present study, we used an ex vivo method that was established by Reynolds et al (Calcif Tissue Res, 1974, 15, 333-339). The effect of F6-1,25(OH)2D3 or 1,25(OH)2D3 on 45Ca release from parietal bones, prepared at 3, 14 and 24 h after injection of 1.9, 3.8, 7.6 or 15.2 pmol vitamin D analog/g body weight, was examined. F6-1,25(OH)2D3 was more potent than 1,25(OH)2D3 during each in vivo time period. 1,25(OH)2D3 at 3 h after the injection was more active compared to the control (no injection of 1,25(OH)2D3) but not at 14 and 24 h. The radioactivity of the bones after the injection of [3H]-F6-1,25(OH)2D3 was retained even at 24 h. In the case of [3H]-1,25(OH)2D3, the radioactivity of bones decreased with an increase in the in vivo period. In a HPLC analysis of the lipid extract of bone homogenate, [3H]-F6-1,25(OH)2D3 alone was detected at 3 h after the injection and both [3H]-F6-1,25(OH)2D3 and [3H]-26,27-hexafluoro-1 alpha, 23S,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3 [F6-1,23,25(OH)3D3] were detected at 14 and 24 h after the injection. [3H]-1,25(OH)2D3 was highly detected at 3 h after the injection, but it decreased with an increase in the in vivo period. In the ex vivo test, the activity of F6-1,23,25(OH)3D3 was less than that of F6-1,25(OH)2D3 but similar to that of 1,25(OH)2D3. The present study indicates that F6-1,25(OH)2D3 is more active and more long-lasting than 1,25(OH)2D3 in the ex vivo method. A higher potency of F6-1,25(OH)2D3 is explained, at least partly, by the results that the amounts of both F6-1,25(OH)2D3 and its active metabolite, F6-1,23,25(OH)3D3, in the bones are higher than that of 1,25(OH)2D3, and that F6-1,25(OH)2D3 and its metabolite are retained in bones longer than 1,25(OH)2D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Miyahara
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama Medical & Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tokai University, Numazu, Japan
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Kosodo Y, Noda Y, Yoda K. Protein-protein interactions of the yeast Golgi t-SNARE Sed5 protein distinct from its neural plasma membrane cognate syntaxin 1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 250:212-6. [PMID: 9753609 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of vesicles to the acceptor membrane in protein transport depends on membrane proteins called SNAREs. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Golgi t-SNARE Sed5 protein and its neural cognate syntaxin 1 have similar three alpha-helices which are predicted to form coiled coils. We dissected the helices of Sed5 and found several characteristics unexpectedly distinct from those of syntaxin 1. Most importantly, only the N-terminal helix is responsible for the binding of Sly1 protein while almost the entire molecule of syntaxin is necessary for the binding of the cognate, Munc-18. The N-terminal region of Sed5 protein also binds to the C-terminal helix and Sly1 protein interfered this binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kosodo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Tokyo, Japan
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