1
|
Tokunaga T, Hagihara K, Yamasaki M, Mayama T, Yamamoto K, Narimoto H, Kida T, Kawamura Y, Nakano T. Kink-band formation in the directionally-solidified Mg/LPSO two-phase alloys. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2022; 23:752-766. [PMID: 36353263 PMCID: PMC9639545 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2137696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The variation in the mechanical properties with the volume fraction of the long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase in directionally solidified (DS) Mg/LPSO two-phase alloys was examined. Unexpectedly, the yield stress of the DS alloys increases non-monotonically with an increase in the volume fraction of the LPSO phase. The LPSO phase is considered an effective strengthening phase in Mg alloys, when the stress is applied parallel to the growth direction. Nevertheless, the highest strength was obtained in alloys with 61-86 vol.% of the LPSO phase, which was considerably higher than that in the LPSO single-phase alloy. It was clarified that this complicated variation in the yield stress was generated from the change in the formation stress of kink bands, which varied with the thickness of the LPSO-phase grains. Furthermore, the coexistence of Mg in the LPSO phase alloy induced the homogeneous formation of kink bands in the alloys, leading to the enhancement of the 'kink-band strengthening'. The results demonstrated that microstructural control is significantly important in Mg/LPSO two-phase alloys, in which both phases exhibit strong plastic anisotropy, to realize the maximum mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toko Tokunaga
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koji Hagihara
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiaki Yamasaki
- Magnesium Research Center & Department of Materials Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Mayama
- Magnesium Research Center & Department of Materials Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamamoto
- Department of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Narimoto
- Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taiki Kida
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kawamura
- Magnesium Research Center & Department of Materials Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakano
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xin T, Zhao Y, Mahjoub R, Jiang J, Yadav A, Nomoto K, Niu R, Tang S, Ji F, Quadir Z, Miskovic D, Daniels J, Xu W, Liao X, Chen LQ, Hagihara K, Li X, Ringer S, Ferry M. Ultrahigh specific strength in a magnesium alloy strengthened by spinodal decomposition. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/23/eabf3039. [PMID: 34078600 PMCID: PMC8172136 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf3039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Strengthening of magnesium (Mg) is known to occur through dislocation accumulation, grain refinement, deformation twinning, and texture control or dislocation pinning by solute atoms or nano-sized precipitates. These modes generate yield strengths comparable to other engineering alloys such as certain grades of aluminum but below that of high-strength aluminum and titanium alloys and steels. Here, we report a spinodal strengthened ultralightweight Mg alloy with specific yield strengths surpassing almost every other engineering alloy. We provide compelling morphological, chemical, structural, and thermodynamic evidence for the spinodal decomposition and show that the lattice mismatch at the diffuse transition region between the spinodal zones and matrix is the dominating factor for enhancing yield strength in this class of alloy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongzheng Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Reza Mahjoub
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Jiaxi Jiang
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Apurv Yadav
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering and Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Keita Nomoto
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering and Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ranming Niu
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering and Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Song Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Fan Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Zakaria Quadir
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, John de Laeter Centre, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6845, Australia
| | - David Miskovic
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - John Daniels
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Wanqiang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaozhou Liao
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering and Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Long-Qing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Koji Hagihara
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Simon Ringer
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering and Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Michael Ferry
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ishimoto T, Suetoshi R, Cretin D, Hagihara K, Hashimoto J, Kobayashi A, Nakano T. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) axial transmission method reflects anisotropy in micro-arrangement of apatite crystallites in human long bones: A study with 3-MHz-frequency ultrasound. Bone 2019; 127:82-90. [PMID: 31170537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Anisotropic arrangement of apatite crystallites, i.e., preferential orientation of the apatite c-axis, is known to be an important bone quality parameter that governs the mechanical properties. However, noninvasive evaluation of apatite orientation has not been achieved to date. The present paper reports the potential of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) for noninvasive evaluation of the degree of apatite orientation in human bone for the first time. A novel QUS instrument for implementation of the axial transmission (AT) method is developed, so as to achieve precise measurement of the speed of sound (SOS) in the cortex (cSOS) of human long bone. The advantages of our QUS instrument are the following: (i) it is equipped with a cortical bone surface-morphology detection system to correct the ultrasound transmission distance, which should be necessary for AT measurement of long bone covered by soft tissue of non-uniform thickness; and (ii) ultrasound with a relatively high frequency of 3 MHz is employed, enabling thickness-independent cSOS measurement even for the thin cortex by preventing guide wave generation. The reliability of the proposed AT measurement system is confirmed through comparison with the well-established direct transmission (DT) method. The cSOS in human long bone is found to exhibit considerable direction-dependent anisotropy; the axial cSOS (3870 ± 66 m/s) is the highest, followed by the tangential (3411 ± 94 m/s) and radial (3320 ± 85 m/s) cSOSs. The degree of apatite orientation exhibits the same order, despite the unchanged bone mineral density. Multiple regression analysis reveals that the cSOS of human long bone strongly reflects the apatite orientation. The cSOS determined by the AT method is positively correlated with that determined by the DT method and sensitively reflects the apatite orientation variation, indicating the validity of the AT instrument developed in this study. Our instrument will be beneficial for noninvasive evaluation of the material integrity of the human long-bone cortex, as determined by apatite c-axis orientation along the axial direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Ishimoto
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Suetoshi
- Research and Innovation Center, Furuno Electric Co., Ltd., 9-52, Ashihara-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 662-8580, Japan
| | - Dorian Cretin
- Research and Innovation Center, Furuno Electric Co., Ltd., 9-52, Ashihara-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 662-8580, Japan
| | - Koji Hagihara
- Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun Hashimoto
- Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Osaka-Minami Medical Center, 2-1 Kidohigashi, Kawachinagano, Osaka 586-8521, Japan
| | - Akio Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shiraniwa Hospital Joint Arthroplasty Center, 6-10-1 Shiraniwadai Ikoma, Nara 630-0136, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakano
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hagihara K, Ikenishi T, Araki H, Nakano T. Outstanding compressive creep strength in Cr/Ir-codoped (Mo 0.85Nb 0.15)Si 2 crystals with the unique cross-lamellar microstructure. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28638146 PMCID: PMC5479845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A (Mo0.85Nb0.15)Si2 crystal with an oriented, lamellar, C40/C11b two-phase microstructure is a promising ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) structural material, but its low room-temperature fracture toughness and low high-temperature strength prevent its practical application. As a possibility to overcome these problems, we first found a development of unique “cross-lamellar microstructure”, by the cooping of Cr and Ir. The cross-lamellar microstructure consists of a rod-like C11b-phase grains that extend along a direction perpendicular to the lamellar interface in addition to the C40/C11b fine lamellae. In this study, the effectiveness of the cross-lamellar microstructure for improving the high-temperature creep deformation property, being the most essential for UHT materials, was examined by using the oriented crystals. The creep rate significantly reduced along a loading orientation parallel to the lamellar interface. Furthermore, the degradation in creep strength for other loading orientation that is not parallel to the lamellar interface, which has been a serious problem up to now, was also suppressed. The results demonstrated that the simultaneous improvement of high-temperature creep strength and room temperature fracture toughness can be first accomplished by the development of unique cross-lamellar microstructure, which opens a potential avenue for the development of novel UHT materials as alternatives to existing Ni-based superalloys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Hagihara
- Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Ikenishi
- Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruka Araki
- Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakano
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hagihara K, Nakano T, Maki H, Umakoshi Y, Niinomi M. Isotropic plasticity of β-type Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr alloy single crystals for the development of single crystalline β-Ti implants. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29779. [PMID: 27417073 PMCID: PMC4945923 DOI: 10.1038/srep29779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
β-type Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr alloy is a promising novel material for biomedical applications. We have proposed a 'single crystalline β-Ti implant' as new hard tissue replacements for suppressing the stress shielding by achieving a drastic reduction in the Young's modulus. To develop this, the orientation dependence of the plastic deformation behavior of the Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr single crystal was first clarified. Dislocation slip with a Burgers vector parallel to <111> was the predominant deformation mode in the wide loading orientation. The orientation dependence of the yield stress due to <111> dislocations was small, in contrast to other β-Ti alloys. In addition, {332} twin was found to be operative at the loading orientation around [001]. The asymmetric features of the {332} twin formation depending on the loading orientation could be roughly anticipated by their Schmid factors. However, the critical resolved shear stress for the {332} twins appeared to show orientation dependence. The simultaneous operation of <111> slip and {332} twin were found to be the origin of the good mechanical properties with excellent strength and ductility. It was clarified that the Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr alloy single crystal shows the "plastically almost-isotropic and elastically highly-anisotropic" nature, that is desirable for the development of 'single crystalline β-Ti implant'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Hagihara
- Department of Adaptive Machine Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakano
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideaki Maki
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yukichi Umakoshi
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Niinomi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kazui M, Ogura Y, Hagihara K, Kubota K, Kurihara A. Human Intestinal Raf Kinase Inhibitor Protein (RKIP) Catalyzes Prasugrel as a Bioactivation Hydrolase. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 44:115-23. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.066290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
7
|
Ebina K, Hashimoto J, Hirao M, Hagihara K, Noguchi T, Yoshikawa H. FRI0301 Assessment of the Effect of 12 Months Administration of Denosumab in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases – Bone Mineral Density Increase in Lumbar Spine is Negatively Correlated with Baseline Oral Prednisolone Dose and Predicted by Decreasing Rate of Serum Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin at 6 Months. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
8
|
Hagihara K, Shakudo S, Fujii K, Nakano T. Degradation behavior of Ca–Mg–Zn intermetallic compounds for use as biodegradable implant materials. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2014; 44:285-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
9
|
Nishimoto M, Nakamae H, Nakamae M, Hirose A, Hagihara K, Koh H, Nakane T, Terada Y, Hino M. Feasibility of umbilical cord blood transplantation with a myeloablative, reduced toxicity-conditioning regimen. Bone Marrow Transplant 2014; 49:980-1. [PMID: 24710565 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2014.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Nishimoto
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Nakamae
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Nakamae
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Hirose
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Hagihara
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Koh
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Nakane
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Terada
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Hino
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hagihara K, Fujii K, Matsugaki A, Nakano T. Possibility of Mg- and Ca-based intermetallic compounds as new biodegradable implant materials. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2013; 33:4101-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
11
|
Hishitani Y, Ogata A, Shima Y, Hirano T, Ebina K, Kunugiza Y, Shi K, Narazaki M, Hagihara K, Tomita T, Yoshikawa H, Tanaka T, Kumanogoh A. Retention of tocilizumab and anti-tumour necrosis factor drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2013; 42:253-9. [PMID: 23470089 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2012.762037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The retention of the anti-rheumatic agent tocilizumab (TCZ) has not been well documented in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We conducted an observational study to compare the retention of TCZ and anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) drugs in the treatment of patients with RA. METHOD We reviewed continuation rates and causes of discontinuation of biological agents (biologics) by assessing medical records of patients with RA who were administered biologics at our institute from September 1999 to April 2012, using the Osaka University Biologics for Rheumatic Diseases (BiRD) registry. RESULTS A total of 401 patients were included. TCZ, infliximab (IFX), etanercept (ETN), and adalimumab (ADA) were administered to 97, 103, 143, and 58 patients, respectively. There were some differences between the baseline characteristics of the groups. The median duration (range) of TCZ, IFX, ETN, and ADA administration was 2.5 (0.1-12.6), 1.9 (0.0-7.7), 2.9 (0.0-11.3), and 1.3 (0.0-3.4) years, respectively. Continuation rates for TCZ and ETN were significantly higher than those for IFX and ADA. Multivariate analyses showed that discontinuation due to lack or loss of efficacy was significantly less common in the TCZ group than in the other groups. Discontinuation due to overall adverse events was not significantly different between treatment groups. CONCLUSION TCZ and ETN show better retention than IFX or ADA in the treatment of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Hishitani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nishimoto M, Nakamae H, Koh H, Nakane T, Nakamae M, Hirose A, Hagihara K, Nakao Y, Terada Y, Ohsawa M, Hino M. Risk factors affecting cardiac left-ventricular hypertrophy and systolic and diastolic function in the chronic phase of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2012; 48:581-6. [PMID: 23528643 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2012.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chronic impairment of cardiac function can be an important health risk and impair the quality of life, and may even be life-threatening for long-term survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). However, risk factors for and/or the underlying mechanism of cardiac dysfunction in the chronic phase of HCT are still not fully understood. We retrospectively investigated factors affecting cardiac function and left-ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in the chronic phase of HCT. Sixty-three recipients who survived for >1 year after receiving HCT were evaluated using echocardiography. Based on simple linear regression models, high-dose TBI-based conditioning was significantly associated with a decrease in left-ventricular ejection fraction and the early peak flow velocity/atrial peak flow velocity ratio, following HCT (coefficient=-5.550, P=0.02 and coefficient=-0.268, P=0.02, respectively). These associations remained significant with the use of multiple linear regression models. Additionally, the serum ferritin (s-ferritin) level before HCT was found to be a significant risk factor for LVH on multivariable logistic analysis (P=0.03). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that a myeloablative regimen, especially one that involved high-dose TBI, impaired cardiac function, and that a high s-ferritin level might be associated with the development of LVH in the chronic phase of HCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Nishimoto
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee SH, Todai M, Tane M, Hagihara K, Nakajima H, Nakano T. Biocompatible low Young's modulus achieved by strong crystallographic elastic anisotropy in Ti–15Mo–5Zr–3Al alloy single crystal. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2012; 14:48-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
14
|
Ichihara H, Nakamae H, Hirose A, Nakane T, Koh H, Hayashi Y, Nishimoto M, Nakamae M, Yoshida M, Bingo M, Okamura H, Aimoto M, Manabe M, Hagihara K, Terada Y, Nakao Y, Hino M. Immunoglobulin prophylaxis against cytomegalovirus infection in patients at high risk of infection following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Transplant Proc 2012; 43:3927-32. [PMID: 22172874 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reports on the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) prophylaxis against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) have often sparked controversy. In addition, we are not aware of any study that has examined whether prophylaxis with IVIG affects the incidence of CMV infection in high-risk patients--those who are elderly or have received human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatched HCT. In the present open-label, phase II study, we addressed this question. We enrolled 106 patients in the study. The cumulative incidences of CMV infection at 100 days after HCT were similar in the intervention and the control groups (68% and 64%, P=.89; 89% and 87%, P=.79, respectively, for patients 55 years or older and those who received HLA-mismatched HCT). In those who received HLA-mismatched HCT, 1-year overall survival after HCT was 46% in the intervention group and 40% in the control group (P=.31); for age≥55 years, the corresponding values were 46% and 40% (P=.27). Our data showed that prophylaxis with regular polyvalent IVIG did not affect the incidence of CMV infections or survival among older patients or those who receive HLA-mismatched HCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Ichihara
- Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hagihara K, Yokotani N, Kinoshita A, Sugino Y, Yamamoto H, Yamasaki M, Kawamura Y, Umakoshi Y. Role of the Microstructure on the Deformation Behavior in Mg12ZnY with a Long-Period Stacking Ordered Structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-1128-u05-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe influence of a heat-treatment on the plastic deformation behavior in Mg12ZnY with a long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) structure was investigated by using crystals grown by the Bridgman method. Annealing of the crystal at 798 K for 3 days induced the change in the crystal structure of Mg12ZnY from the 18-fold rhombohedral structure (18R) to the 14-fold hexagonal structure (14H). The plastic behavior of those LPSO crystals showed a large variation depending on the loading axis in both crystals, because of the limitation of operative deformation modes in them. The change in the stacking sequence in the LPSO crystals did not show a large influence on the plastic deformation behavior at room temperature.
Collapse
|
16
|
Gondi VB, Hagihara K, Rawal VH. Diastereoselective and enantioselective Mukaiyama aldol reactions of α-ketoesters using hydrogen bond catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:904-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b919929b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
17
|
Nishiya Y, Hagihara K, Kurihara A, Okudaira N, Farid N, Okazaki O, Ikeda T. Comparison of mechanism-based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 2C19 by ticlopidine, clopidogrel, and prasugrel. Xenobiotica 2009; 39:836-43. [DOI: 10.3109/00498250903191427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
18
|
Nishiya Y, Hagihara K, Kurihara A, Okudaira N, Farid N, Okazaki O, Ikeda T. Comparison of mechanism-based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 2C19 by ticlopidine, clopidogrel, and prasugrel. Xenobiotica 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00498250903191427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
19
|
Nishida S, Hagihara K, Shima Y, Kawai M, Kuwahara Y, Arimitsu J, Hirano T, Narazaki M, Ogata A, Yoshizaki K, Kawase I, Kishimoto T, Tanaka T. Rapid improvement of AA amyloidosis with humanised anti-interleukin 6 receptor antibody treatment. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68:1235-6. [PMID: 19525413 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.099267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
20
|
Hagihara K, Kazui M, Ikenaga H, Nanba T, Fusegawa K, Takahashi M, Kurihara A, Okazaki O, Farid NA, Ikeda T. Comparison of formation of thiolactones and active metabolites of prasugrel and clopidogrel in rats and dogs. Xenobiotica 2009; 39:218-26. [DOI: 10.1080/00498250802650077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
21
|
Gondi V, Hagihara K, Rawal V. Diastereoselective and Enantioselective Synthesis of Tertiary α-Hydroxy Phosphonates through Hydrogen-Bond Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
22
|
Gondi VB, Hagihara K, Rawal VH. Diastereoselective and enantioselective synthesis of tertiary alpha-hydroxy phosphonates through hydrogen-bond catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:776-9. [PMID: 19097127 PMCID: PMC3397692 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Bhasker Gondi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (USA)
| | - Koji Hagihara
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (USA)
| | - Viresh H. Rawal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (USA)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Thioureas represent the dominant platform for hydrogen bond promoted asymmetric catalysts. A large number of reactions, reported in scores of publications, have been successfully promoted by chiral thioureas. The present paper reports the use of squaramides as a highly effective new scaffold for the development of chiral hydrogen bond donor catalysts. Squaramide catalysts are very simple to prepare. The (-)-cinchonine modified squaramide (5), easily prepared through a two-step process from methyl squarate, was shown to be an effective catalyst, even at catalyst loadings as low as 0.1 mol%, for the conjugate addition reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to beta-nitrostyrenes. The addition products were obtained in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah P Malerich
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kawai M, Hagihara K, Hirano T, Shima Y, Kuwahara Y, Arimitsu J, Narazaki M, Ogata A, Kawase I, Kishimoto T, Tanaka T. Sustained response to tocilizumab, anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody, in two patients with refractory relapsing polychondritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 48:318-9. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
25
|
Kuwahara Y, Shima Y, Shirayama D, Kawai M, Hagihara K, Hirano T, Arimitsu J, Ogata A, Tanaka T, Kawase I. Quantification of hardness, elasticity and viscosity of the skin of patients with systemic sclerosis using a novel sensing device (Vesmeter): a proposal for a new outcome measurement procedure. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47:1018-24. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
26
|
Hagihara K, Kurihara A, Kawai K, Kazui M, Takahashi M, Kawabata K, Farid NA, Ikeda T. Absorption, distribution and excretion of the new thienopyridine agent prasugrel in rats. Xenobiotica 2007; 37:788-801. [PMID: 17620223 DOI: 10.1080/00498250701397721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Prasugrel is converted to the pharmacologically active metabolite after oral dosing in vivo. In this study, (14)C-prasugrel or prasugrel was administered to rats at a dose of 5 mg kg(-1). After oral and intravenous dosing, the values of AUC(0-infinity) of total radioactivity were 36.2 and 47.1 microg eqx h ml(-1), respectively. Oral dosing of unlabeled prasugrel showed the second highest AUC(0-8) of the active metabolite of six metabolites analyzed. Quantitative whole body autoradiography showed high radioactivity concentrations in tissues for absorption and excretion at 1 h after oral administration, and were low at 72 h. The excretion of radioactivity in the urine and feces were 20.2% and 78.7%, respectively, after oral dosing. Most radioactivity after oral dosing was excreted in bile (90.1%), which was reabsorbed moderately (62.4%). The results showed that orally administered prasugrel was rapidly and fully absorbed and efficiently converted to the active metabolite with no marked distribution in a particular tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hagihara
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sugidachi A, Ogawa T, Kurihara A, Hagihara K, Jakubowski JA, Hashimoto M, Niitsu Y, Asai F. The greater in vivo antiplatelet effects of prasugrel as compared to clopidogrel reflect more efficient generation of its active metabolite with similar antiplatelet activity to that of clopidogrel's active metabolite. J Thromb Haemost 2007; 5:1545-51. [PMID: 17456192 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02598.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS Prasugrel is a novel orally active thienopyridine prodrug with potent and long-lasting antiplatelet effects. Platelet inhibition reflects inhibition of P2Y(12) receptors by its active metabolite (AM). Previous studies have shown that the antiplatelet potency of prasugrel is at least 10 times higher than that of clopidogrel in rats and humans, but the mechanism of its higher potency has not yet been fully elucidated. RESULTS Oral administration of prasugrel to rats resulted in dose-related and time-related inhibition of ex vivo platelet aggregation, and its effect was about 10 times more potent than that of clopidogrel. The plasma concentration of prasugrel AM was higher than that of clopidogrel AM despite tenfold higher doses of clopidogrel, indicating more efficient in vivo production of prasugrel AM than of clopidogrel AM. In rat platelets, prasugrel AM inhibited in vitro platelet aggregation induced by adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) (10 microm) with an IC(50) value of 1.8 microm. Clopidogrel AM similarly inhibited platelet aggregation with an IC(50) value of 2.4 microm. Similar results were also observed for ADP-induced (10 microm) decreases in prostaglandin E(1)-stimulated rat platelet cAMP levels. These results indicate that both AMs have similar in vitro antiplatelet activities. CONCLUSIONS The greater in vivo antiplatelet potency of prasugrel as compared to clopidogrel reflects more efficient in vivo generation of its AM, which demonstrates similar in vitro activity to clopidogrel AM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sugidachi
- Pharmacology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hagihara K, Kashima H, Iida K, Enokizono J, Uchida SI, Nonaka H, Kurokawa M, Shimada J. Novel 4-(6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-yl)methylbenzofuran derivatives as selective α2C-adrenergic receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:1616-21. [PMID: 17257841 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.12.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Revised: 12/18/2006] [Accepted: 12/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of 4-(6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-yl)methyl-2-arylbenzofuran and 4-(6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-yl)methylbenzofuran-2-carboxamide derivatives as novel alpha(2C)-adrenergic receptor antagonists are described. Their affinity at three different human alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors is reported, and some of these compounds exhibited high affinity for the alpha(2C)-adrenergic receptor with high subtype selectivity. Among them, compound 10e has been found to show the anti-L-dopa-induced dyskinetic activity in marmosets. The structure-activity relationship of these compounds is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Hagihara
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co. Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kitagawa R, Hagihara K, Uhara M, Matsutani K, Kirita A, Tanaka J. Inhibitory effect of hexamethylene bisacetamide on replication of human cytomegalovirus. Arch Virol 2005; 150:1977-91. [PMID: 15959837 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-005-0556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2004] [Accepted: 04/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of hexamethylane bisacetamide (HMBA), a hybrid polar compound, on gene expression and replication of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was studied. When HCMV-infected human thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC-1) and human embryonic lung (HEL) fibroblast cells were maintained with medium containing 2.5 and 5 mM HMBA for 10 days, there was a greater than 2- to 3-log reduction in virus yield compared to that in untreated cells. Infection of TPC-1 cells with HCMV resulted in an establishment of persistent infection and the cells continuously produced virus with titer of over 10(5) PFU/ml, whereas HMBA prevented the infected cells from entering into the persistent infection. Moreover, treatment of the persistently infected cultures with HMBA reduced production of infectious HCMV more efficiently than did ganciclovir, and eventually ceased HCMV production. Western blotting analysis revealed that HMBA blocks accumulation of the immediate early 2 (IE2) protein in TPC-1 cells and delays synthesis of this protein in HEL cells, but has little effect on the level of the IE1 protein during the early times after infection. Synthesis of the viral early and late proteins in both cells was also substantially blocked by HMBA. The results indicate that the inhibition or the delay of the critical IE2 protein synthesis in the presence of HMBA would actually be a process that fails to proceed beyond the IE stages in HCMV replication cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Kitagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Laboratory Science, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Makita K, Ohta K, Mugitani A, Hagihara K, Ohta T, Yamane T, Hino M. Acute myelogenous leukemia in a donor after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-primed peripheral blood stem cell harvest. Bone Marrow Transplant 2004; 33:661-5. [PMID: 14716337 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the first case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a healthy donor at 14 months after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-primed peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) harvest. In September 2001, a healthy 61-year-old female was given G-CSF prior to PBSC harvest for her brother with multiple myeloma. In spite of successful engraftment, the recipient died from a disease relapse. In November 2002, the donor, admitted with high fever and leukocytosis with 98.5% blastoid cells, was diagnosed as having AML (M1). Her leukemia cells were positive for CD13, CD33, and G-CSF receptor without chromosomal abnormality and responded to G-CSF in vitro. During chemotherapy, she died of progressive pneumonia. If our case is truly the first, the incidence of leukemia in donors may not be higher than that of naturally occurring leukemia. However, efforts towards an international long-term study, or at least to report every case similar to ours, would be required to be conclusive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Makita
- Department of Hematology, Fuchu Hospital, and Clinical Hematology and Clinical Diagnostics, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Takeuchi T, Tagawa Y, Hagihara K, Maeshiba Y, Yamashita K, Tsukuda R, Yoshimura Y. Nonlinear pharmacokinetics of TAK-044, a new endothelin antagonist, in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2001; 22:221-30. [PMID: 11754038 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the nonlinear pharmacokinetics of TAK-044 in rats was shown from in vivo and in vitro studies to be due to capacity-limited hepatic uptake. In the rats, which were given intravenous injections of (14)C-labeled TAK-044 ([(14)C]TAK-044) (1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg), the AUC(inf) per unit dose of unchanged compound increased remarkably. An analysis model indicated that the CL(tot), V(1) and k(12) values of TAK-044 decreased significantly with increasing dose, whereas the k(el) values remained constant over the doses examined. The uptake clearance of [(14)C]TAK-044 by several tissues was investigated by an integration plot at doses from 0.3 to 60 mg/kg. This study showed that the liver played the principal role in the removal of TAK-044 from the plasma, while hepatic uptake was capacity-limited at doses greater than 30 mg/kg. The hepatic uptake study using rat hepatocytes indicated that a carrier-mediated transport system contributed to the hepatic uptake of TAK-044, and this system had high affinity (K(m,in vitro); 8.4 micromol/L) with low capacity (V(max,in vitro); 86.3 pmol/mg protein/min). These results show that the saturation of hepatic uptake by the carrier-mediated transport system could explain the nonlinear pharmacokinetics of TAK-044 in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Takeuchi
- Drug Analysis and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd., 2-17-85, Juso-Honmachi, Yodogawaku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ogawa T, Hagihara K, Suzuki M, Yamaguchi Y. Brevican in the developing hippocampal fimbria: differential expression in myelinating oligodendrocytes and adult astrocytes suggests a dual role for brevican in central nervous system fiber tract development. J Comp Neurol 2001; 432:285-95. [PMID: 11246208 DOI: 10.1002/cne.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Brevican is one of the most abundant extracellular matrix proteoglycans in the mammalian brain. We have previously shown that brevican produced by gray matter astrocytes constitutes a major component of perineuronal extracellular matrix in the adult brain. In this paper, we investigate the expression of brevican in the postnatal hippocampal fimbria to explore the role of the proteoglycan in central nervous system fiber tract development. We demonstrate that brevican is expressed by both oligodendrocytes and white matter astrocytes in the fimbria, but the expression of brevican in these two glial cell types is differently regulated during development. At P14, brevican immunoreactivity was observed throughout the fimbria, with particularly strong immunoreactivity in the developing interfascicular glial rows. In situ hybridization showed that oligodendrocytes in the glial rows strongly express brevican during the second and third postnatal weeks. Expression in oligodendrocytes was then down-regulated after P21. In the adult fimbria, no brevican expression was observed in oligodendrocytes. The time window of brevican expression coincides with the phase in which immature oligodendrocytes actively extend membrane processes and enwrap axon fibers. In contrast, the expression in astrocytes started around P21 as oligodendrocytes began to down-regulate the expression. In the adult fimbria, brevican expression was restricted to astrocytes. In situ hybridization with isoform-specific probes and RNase protection assays showed that the authentic, secreted form of brevican, not the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored variant, is the predominant species expressed in the developing fimbria. Our results suggest that brevican plays a dual role in developing and adult fiber tracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Ogawa
- The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Karumanchi SA, Jha V, Ramchandran R, Karihaloo A, Tsiokas L, Chan B, Dhanabal M, Hanai JI, Venkataraman G, Shriver Z, Keiser N, Kalluri R, Zeng H, Mukhopadhyay D, Chen RL, Lander AD, Hagihara K, Yamaguchi Y, Sasisekharan R, Cantley L, Sukhatme VP. Cell surface glypicans are low-affinity endostatin receptors. Mol Cell 2001; 7:811-22. [PMID: 11336704 DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(01)00225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Endostatin, a collagen XVIII fragment, is a potent anti-angiogenic protein. We sought to identify its endothelial cell surface receptor(s). Alkaline phosphatase- tagged endostatin bound endothelial cells revealing two binding affinities. Expression cloning identified glypican, a cell surface proteoglycan as the lower-affinity receptor. Biochemical and genetic studies indicated that glypicans' heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans were critical for endostatin binding. Furthermore, endostatin selected a specific octasulfated hexasaccharide from a sequence in heparin. We have also demonstrated a role for endostatin in renal tubular cell branching morphogenesis and show that glypicans serve as low-affinity receptors for endostatin in these cells, as in endothelial cells. Finally, antisense experiments suggest the critical importance of glypicans in mediating endostatin activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Karumanchi
- Department of Medicine and the Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ohta K, Yamane T, Hino M, Koh KR, Nakao T, Akahori M, Kanashima H, Sakamoto E, Hagihara K, Takubo T, Tatsumi N. [Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction method for monitoring of fungal infection in compromised hosts]. Jpn J Antibiot 2001; 54:103-11. [PMID: 11392680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of fungal infections in compromised hosts has been difficult because of insufficient sensitivity and specificity of conventional methods such as culturing and serum testing. Therefore, antifungal agents are usually started in febrile patients who are resistant to antibiotics even if these monitoring tests were negative. In this study, therefore, in order to increase the reliability of these monitoring, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for detection of blood fungus were also performed in compromised hosts including 14 patients with hematological malignancies and one with solid tumor who were undergoing chemotherapies. From these patients, total of 56 peripheral blood samples was collected periodically, irrespective of the presence of infectious signs. At each time point of venopuncture, status of the patient was allocated to one of the followings: A, receiving an intravenous antifungal therapy because of sustaining fever which had not responded to prior antibiotic therapies and also positive for culturing and/or serum beta-D-glucan tests; B, receiving an additional intravenous antifungal therapy but negative for culturing and serum-tests; C, febrile but not yet receiving any intravenous fungal therapy; D, afebrile status. During the study, 10 blood samples from 3 patients were allocated in group A, and one sample of them was positive while remaining 9 were all negative for PCR. Six samples from 4 patients were in group B, and one was PCR positive while remaining 5 were negative. Fifteen samples from 7 patients were in group C, and 3 were positive and 12 were negative for PCR. Twenty-five samples were in group D, and 5 were positive and 20 were negative for PCR. Thus, the results from fungal PCR in these patients were in some case showed discrepancies from those expected from the clinical course and/or conventional monitoring tests. Further evaluation of fungal PCR may gain insight into the more precise diagnosis of fungal infection in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Ohta
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Osaka City University Medical School
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
FGF2 is a crucial mitogen for neural precursor cells in the developing cerebral cortex. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are thought to play a role in cortical neurogenesis by regulating the action of FGF2 on neural precursor cells. In this article, we present data indicating that glypican-4 (K-glypican), a GPI-anchored cell surface HSPG, is involved in these processes. In the developing mouse brain, glypican-4 mRNA is expressed predominantly in the ventricular zone of the telencephalon. Neither the outer layers of the telencephalic wall nor the ventricular zone of other parts of the developing brain express significant levels of glypican-4, with the exception of the ventricular zone of the tectum. In cultures of E13 rat cortical precursor cells, glypican-4 is expressed in cells immunoreactive for nestin and the D1.1 antigen, markers of neural precursor cells. Glypican-4 expression was not detected in early postmitotic or fully differentiated neurons. Recombinant glypican-4 produced in immortalized neural precursor cells binds FGF2 through its heparan sulfate chains and suppressed the mitogenic effect of FGF2 on E13 cortical precursor cells. The spatiotemporal expression pattern of glypican-4 in the developing cerebral wall significantly overlaps with that of FGF2. These results suggest that glypican-4 plays a critical role in the regulation of FGF2 action during cortical neurogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hagihara
- The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Dendritic spines are small protrusions on the surface of dendrites that receive the vast majority of excitatory synapses. We previously showed that the cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-2 induces spine formation upon transfection into hippocampal neurons. This effect requires the COOH-terminal EFYA sequence of syndecan-2, suggesting that cytoplasmic molecules interacting with this sequence play a critical role in spine morphogenesis. Here, we report a novel protein that binds to the EFYA motif of syndecan-2. This protein, named synbindin, is expressed by neurons in a pattern similar to that of syndecan-2, and colocalizes with syndecan-2 in the spines of cultured hippocampal neurons. In transfected hippocampal neurons, synbindin undergoes syndecan-2-dependent clustering. Synbindin is structurally related to yeast proteins known to be involved in vesicle transport. Immunoelectron microscopy localized synbindin on postsynaptic membranes and intracellular vesicles within dendrites, suggesting a role in postsynaptic membrane trafficking. Synbindin coimmunoprecipitates with syndecan-2 from synaptic membrane fractions. Our results show that synbindin is a physiological syndecan-2 ligand on dendritic spines. We suggest that syndecan-2 induces spine formation by recruiting intracellular vesicles toward postsynaptic sites through the interaction with synbindin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I M Ethell
- The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Asaoka K, Hagihara K, Kabaya H, Sakamoto Y, Katayama H, Yano K. Uptake of phthalate esters, di(n-butyl)phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, as environmental chemicals in monkeys in Japan. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2000; 64:679-685. [PMID: 10857451 DOI: 10.1007/s001280000057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Asaoka
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ishihara J, Hagihara K, Chiba H, Ito K, Yanagisawa Y, Totani K, Tadano KI. Synthetic studies of viridenomycin. Construction of the cyclopentene carboxylic acid part. Tetrahedron Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)00013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
39
|
Kohama Y, Akizuki O, Hagihara K, Yamada E, Yamamoto H. Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide induces TH1 immune response and inhibition of IgE antibody production to cedar pollen allergens in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 104:1231-8. [PMID: 10589006 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(99)70018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy for cedar pollinosis makes use of multiple injections of allergens, but its effectiveness remains controversial. Recent studies indicate that immunization with certain protein antigens and immunostimulatory DNA sequence (ISS) oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) represent a potential approach to allergen-specific immunotherapy. OBJECTIVE We determined whether the coadministration of 2 major protein allergens, Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, of Japanese cedar pollen and ISS-ODN (5'-TGACTCTGAACGTTCGAGATGA-3') improves the immune responses induced by protein allergens in BALB/c mice. METHODS Mice were primed intradermally with allergens or ISS-ODN in saline solution and boosted with allergens in alum, and other mice were primed with allergens in alum and boosted with allergens/ISS-ODN. Allergen-specific IgG2a and IgG1 antibody responses were measured by means of ELISA in sera after ODN injection, and allergen-specific IgE antibody production was measured by the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction. IFN-gamma and IL-4 releases were also measured by ELISA in the supernatants of allergen-stimulated spleen cells. RESULTS The coadministration of allergens/ISS-ODN increased IgG2a titers and IFN-gamma release in both groups of mice, whereas it decreased IgG1 titers and IL-4 release in comparison with control mice injected with allergens/mutant ODN. The coadministration additionally inhibited IgE antibody production. CONCLUSION The data demonstrate that the coadministration of cedar pollen allergens and ISS-ODNs before secondary T(H2) and IgE responses or during ongoing primary T(H2) and IgE responses brings about a T(H1)-shifted immune response and inhibition of IgE antibody production, suggesting that this coadministration strategy may provide a novel type of immunotherapy for cedar pollinosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Kohama
- Department of Immunology, The Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hagihara K, Miura R, Kosaki R, Berglund E, Ranscht B, Yamaguchi Y. Immunohistochemical evidence for the brevican-tenascin-R interaction: colocalization in perineuronal nets suggests a physiological role for the interaction in the adult rat brain. J Comp Neurol 1999; 410:256-64. [PMID: 10414531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Brevican is one of the most abundant chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in the adult rat brain. We have recently shown that the C-type lectin domain of brevican binds fibronectin type III domains 3-5 of tenascin-R. Here we report strong evidence for a physiological basis for this interaction. Substantial brevican immunoreactivity was detected in a number of nuclei and in the reticular formations throughout the midbrain and hindbrain, including, but not limited to, the deep cerebellar nuclei, the trapezoid body, the red nucleus, the oculomotor nucleus, the vestibular nucleus, the cochlear nucleus, the gigantocellular reticular nucleus, the motor trigeminal nucleus, and the lateral superior olive. Most of the brevican immunoreactivity exhibited pericellular and reticular staining patterns. In almost all of these sites, brevican immunoreactivity colocalized with that of tenascin-R, which was also substantially codistributed with versican, another member of the lectican family. Detailed analysis revealed that the pericellular staining of brevican resembled that in perineuronal nets in which tenascin-R has been localized. Immunoelectron microscopy identified brevican immunoreactivity in the intercellular spaces surrounding presynaptic boutons and on their surfaces, but not in the synaptic clefts or in their immediate vicinity, a distribution pattern consistent with perineuronal nets. Taken together, our results provide strong evidence that the previously reported interactions between brevican and tenascin-R may play a functional role within the perineuronal nets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hagihara
- The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Miura R, Aspberg A, Ethell IM, Hagihara K, Schnaar RL, Ruoslahti E, Yamaguchi Y. The proteoglycan lectin domain binds sulfated cell surface glycolipids and promotes cell adhesion. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:11431-8. [PMID: 10196237 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.16.11431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The lecticans are a group of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans characterized by the presence of C-type lectin domains. Despite the suggestion that their lectin domains interact with carbohydrate ligands, the identity of such ligands has not been elucidated. We previously showed that brevican, a nervous system-specific lectican, binds the surface of B28 glial cells (Yamada, H., Fredette, B., Shitara, K., Hagihara, K., Miura, R., Ranscht, B., Stallcup, W. B., and Yamaguchi, Y. (1997) J. Neurosci. 17, 7784-7795). In this paper, we demonstrate that two classes of sulfated glycolipids, sulfatides and HNK-1-reactive sulfoglucuronylglycolipids (SGGLs), act as cell surface receptors for brevican. The lectin domain of brevican binds sulfatides and SGGLs in a calcium-dependent manner as expected of a C-type lectin domain. Intact, full-length brevican also binds both sulfatides and SGGLs. The lectin domain immobilized as a substrate supports adhesion of cells expressing SGGLs or sulfatides, which was inhibited by monoclonal antibodies against these glycolipids or by treatment of the substrate with SGGLs or sulfatides. Our findings demonstrate that the interaction between the lectin domains of lecticans and sulfated glycolipids comprises a novel cell substrate recognition system, and suggest that lecticans in extracellular matrices serve as substrate for adhesion and migration of cells expressing these glycolipids in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Miura
- Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yamada H, Fredette B, Shitara K, Hagihara K, Miura R, Ranscht B, Stallcup WB, Yamaguchi Y. The brain chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan brevican associates with astrocytes ensheathing cerebellar glomeruli and inhibits neurite outgrowth from granule neurons. J Neurosci 1997; 17:7784-95. [PMID: 9315899 PMCID: PMC6793916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/1997] [Revised: 07/18/1997] [Accepted: 07/31/1997] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Brevican is a nervous system-specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan that belongs to the aggrecan family and is one of the most abundant chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in adult brain. To gain insights into the role of brevican in brain development, we investigated its spatiotemporal expression, cell surface binding, and effects on neurite outgrowth, using rat cerebellar cortex as a model system. Immunoreactivity of brevican occurs predominantly in the protoplasmic islet in the internal granular layer after the third postnatal week. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that brevican is localized in close association with the surface of astrocytes that form neuroglial sheaths of cerebellar glomeruli where incoming mossy fibers interact with dendrites and axons from resident neurons. In situ hybridization showed that brevican is synthesized by these astrocytes themselves. In primary cultures of cerebellar astrocytes, brevican is detected on the surface of these cells. Binding assays with exogenously added brevican revealed that primary astrocytes and several immortalized neural cell lines have cell surface binding sites for brevican core protein. These cell surface brevican binding sites recognize the C-terminal portion of the core protein and are independent of cell surface hyaluronan. These results indicate that brevican is synthesized by astrocytes and retained on their surface by an interaction involving its core protein. Purified brevican inhibits neurite outgrowth from cerebellar granule neurons in vitro, an activity that requires chondroitin sulfate chains. We suggest that brevican presented on the surface of neuroglial sheaths may be controlling the infiltration of axons and dendrites into maturing glomeruli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Yamada
- The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Minami M, Endo T, Tamakai H, Ogawa T, Hamaue N, Hirafuji M, Monma Y, Yoshioka M, Hagihara K. Antiemetic effects of N-3389, a newly synthesized 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptor antagonist, in ferrets. Eur J Pharmacol 1997; 321:333-42. [PMID: 9085045 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(96)00974-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The antiemetic activity of N-3389 (endo-3,9-dimethyl-3,9-diazabicyclo[3,3,1]non-7-yl-1 H-indazole-3-carboxamide dihydrochloride), a new 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptor antagonist, against cisplatin-, cyclophosphamide- and copper sulfate-induced emesis was investigated using ferrets. We also examined the effects of these agents on abdominal afferent vagus nerve activity in anesthetized ferrets. Both intraperitoneal (0.1-1.0 mg/kg) and oral (0.1-1.0 mg/kg) administration of N-3389 produced dose-dependent antiemetic effects. The time-course of cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced emesis in another group of ferrets paralleled the increase in abdominal afferent vagus nerve activity induced by cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and was inhibited by pretreatment with N-3389 (1.0 mg/kg, i.v.). Furthermore, the cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced increase in abdominal afferent vagus nerve activity was markedly reduced by an additional injection of N-3389 (0.1-1.0 mg/kg, i.v.) in a dose-dependent manner. The antiemetic effects exhibited by N-3389 are probably due to the inhibition of 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors on the abdominal afferent vagus nerves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kobayashi A, Hagihara K, Kajiyama S, Kanzaki H, Kawazu K. Antifungal compounds induced in the dual culture with Phytolacca americana callus and Botrytis fabae. Z NATURFORSCH C 1995; 50:398-402. [PMID: 7546032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate new metabolites which are only induced in a plant callus infected by a pathogenic fungus, dual cultures with combinations of 10 species of fungi and 6 plant cell lines from different species were established. Among the combinations tested, the methanolic extract of a dual culture consisting of a plant cell line, Phytolacca americana and a fungus, Botrytis fabae showed a marked antifungal activity to Cladosporium herbarum. The main active constituent of this extract was identified to be phytolaccoside B (Pls B) by the spectroscopic analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kobayashi
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hagihara K, Wu-Peng XS, Funabashi T, Kato J, Pfaff DW. Nucleic acid sequence and DNase hypersensitive sites of the 5' region of the mouse progesterone receptor gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 205:1093-101. [PMID: 7802637 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
To allow study of the control of the promoter of the mouse progesterone receptor gene and its specific elements, we have isolated nine individual clones and selectively sequenced the 5' region, which includes 5' promoter sequence and the non-coding region. Sequence comparison was performed versus the progesterone receptor genes of other species. Moreover, potential estrogen response elements, progesterone response elements, and other transcription factor recognition sites were determined by sequence analysis. In addition, since it has been confirmed that chromatin structures are important for regulation of gene expression, we also examined them in different estrogen target organs using the DNase hypersensitivity assay. A different pattern of the DNase hypersensitivity sites was detected between uterus and mediobasal hypothalamus and these sites were close to specific recognition elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hagihara
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hagihara K, Hayakawa T, Arai T, Eguchi H, Mino S, Kawase S. Antagonistic activities of N-3389, a newly synthesized diazabicyclo derivative, at 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 1994; 271:159-66. [PMID: 7698198 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(94)90276-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The antagonistic activities of compound N-3389 (endo-3,9-dimethyl-3,9- diazabicyclo[3,3,1]non-7-yl 1H-indazole-3-carboxamide dihydrochloride) at 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors were examined using in vitro and in vivo assays. N-3389 showed potent 5-HT3 receptor antagonistic activities in a radioligand binding assay (pKi = 8.77), against 2-methyl-5-HT (2-Me-5-HT)-induced bradycardia in rats (ED50 = 0.73 micrograms/kg i.v., 38 micrograms/kg p.o.) and against 2-Me-5-HT-induced contraction in longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus preparations of guinea-pig ileum (IC50 = 3.2 x 10(-8) M). As a preliminary to investigating the effect of N-3389 on 5-HT4 receptors, we examined the contraction induced by 5-HT in guinea-pig ileum preparations. We confirmed that 5-HT (10(-8)-10(-5) M) induced biphasic contractions in the preparations. Furthermore, 5-HT3 receptor antagonism inhibited the late phase of the contraction induced by high concentrations of 5-HT (3 x 10(-6)-10(-5) M), whereas 5-HT4 receptor antagonism inhibited the early phase of the contraction induced by low concentrations of 5-HT (10(-8)-10(-6) M). N-3389 (10(-7)-10(-5) M) inhibited both phases of contraction induced by 5-HT. In addition, N-3389 (3 x 10(-7)-3 x 10(-6) M) was found to inhibit the increase of electrically stimulated twitch responses induced by 5-HT (10(-8) M) longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus preparation of the guinea-pig ileum. These results suggest that N-3389 acts as a 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptor antagonist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hagihara
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Nisshin Flour Milling Co. Ltd., Saitana, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The distribution of androgen receptor messenger RNA (ARmRNA) in the reproductive tissues of adult rats was examined by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization using ARcRNA probes corresponding to the androgen binding domain of the receptor. About 10-kilobase rat ARmRNA was observed in all tissues examined in the Northern blot analysis. The amount of ARmRNA in the ovary, uterus and testis was less than that in the prostate. In the in situ hybridization study, extensive labeling was observed in the theca cells of the ovary (proestrous) and the endometrium and endometrial glands of the uterus (proestrous). Moderate labeling was observed in the granulosa cells and stromal cells of the ovary and in the myometrium of the uterus. These results were largely in agreement with the distribution of AR previously reported by ligand binding studies. This present in situ hybridization study may provide a useful tool for the analysis of the regional regulation of AR synthesis in the rat female reproductive tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Hirai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamanashi Medical School, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Osada T, Hirata S, Hirai M, Hagihara K, Kato J. Detection and levels of androgen receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in the rat brain by means of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Endocr J 1993; 40:439-46. [PMID: 7920897 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.40.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to examine the existence and level of androgen receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (ARmRNA) in the rat brain, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-Southern blot analysis was carried out. Total RNA extracted from each tissue was reverse transcribed, followed by PCR with two oligonucleotide primers specific for a part (458 bp) of the androgen binding domain of the rat ARcDNA. It was confirmed by direct nucleotide sequencing that the amplified fragment corresponded to part of the rat ARcDNA. To detect and quantify the amplified fragments, a Southern blot analysis was carried out. The levels of amplified fragments were calculated from the standard curve obtained from graded diluted adrenal total RNAs. In the present study, it was revealed that the RT-PCR-Southern blot analysis possessed a high-degree of sensitivity and allowed the quantitative estimation of mRNA. With this method, amplified fragments were obtained from all five brain regions examined. The results indicate that ARmRNA is widely distributed in the whole brain. Moreover, since the ARmRNA level roughly paralleled the AR protein level, it seems that the AR protein level in the brain may be primarily regulated by the ARmRNA level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Osada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamanashi Medical School, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hata Y, Tsumoto T, Sato H, Hagihara K, Tamura H. Development of local horizontal interactions in cat visual cortex studied by cross-correlation analysis. J Neurophysiol 1993; 69:40-56. [PMID: 8381863 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1993.69.1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
1. To explore the functional development of local horizontal interactions in the primary visual cortex, we carried out cross-correlation analysis of spike trains recorded simultaneously from a pair of neurons separated horizontally by < 1 mm, in kittens ranging in age postnatally from the second to ninth week. 2. Significantly correlated firings were found in 87 pairs of cells among 423 pairs analyzed, and 77 pairs of them were classified into three types on the basis of their functional implications: 1) excitatory interactions, 2) inhibitory interactions, and 3) common inputs to both neurons of the pair from other sources. 3. Common inputs and excitatory linkage were observed even in animals at the second postnatal week, whereas inhibitory linkage was not seen before the fourth week of age. The probability of observing common inputs and inhibitory linkage increased during development, whereas that of excitatory linkage tended to decrease after the sixth week of age. 4. Significant correlation was rarely seen in pairs with horizontal separation > 600 microns in the seventh to ninth week. In the fourth to sixth week of age, however, approximately 30% of the pairs with horizontal separation between 600 and 800 microns were significantly correlated. 5. Cells that were not sensitive for orientation or that lacked a visual response were observed mainly before the sixth week of age. These cells tended to receive excitatory effects from and share common inputs with other orientation-sensitive cells that were located within the horizontal distance of 400 microns. 6. All three types of correlations were observed mostly in cell pairs with preferred orientations that differed < 45 degrees at all ages studied. In the fourth to sixth week, however, the similarity of orientation preference was not strict, and correlated firings were observed even in a pair with orthogonal orientation preferences; whereas in the seventh to ninth week the tuning became sharper. 7. These results suggest that functional interactions between cortical neurons exist but are much less specific with respect to horizontal separation and orientation preference before the sixth week of age, and these interactions become more specific so as to operate between neurons with similar orientation preferences in more restricted region after the seventh to ninth week of age and thus in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Hata
- Department of Neurophysiology, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|