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Lai HJ, Lee MJ, Yu HW, Chen KW, Tsai KL, Lin PC, Huang CW. Biophysical mechanisms underlying tefluthrin-induced modulation of gating changes and resurgent current generation in the human Na v1.4 channel. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2024; 200:105833. [PMID: 38582596 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Human skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by activation of Nav1.4 channels. Nav1.4 channels can generate resurgent currents by channel reopening at hyperpolarized potentials through a gating transition dependent on the intracellular Navβ4 peptide in the physiological conditions. Tefluthrin (TEF) is a pyrethroid insecticide that can disrupt electrical signaling in nerves and skeletal muscle, resulting in seizures, muscle spasms, fasciculations, and mental confusion. TEF can also induce tail currents through other voltage-gated sodium channels in the absence of Navβ4 peptide, suggesting that muscle spasms may be caused by resurgent currents. Further, intracellular Navβ4 peptide and extracellular TEF may show competitive or synergistic effects; however, their binding sites are still unknown. To address these issues, electrophysiological recordings were performed on CHO-K1 cells expressing Nav1.4 channels with intracellular Navβ4 peptide, extracellular TEF, or both. TEF and Navβ4 peptide induced a hyperpolarizing shift of activation and inactivation curves in the Nav1.4 channel. TEF also substantially prolonged the inactivation time constants, while simultaneous application of Navβ4 peptide partially reversed this effect. Resurgent currents were enhanced by TEF and Navβ4 peptide at negative potentials, but TEF more potently enhances resurgent currents and dampens decay of resurgent currents. With longer depolarization, peak resurgent currents decay was fastest with the TEF alone. Molecular docking suggested that TEF and Navβ4 peptide binding site(s) are not in the narrowest part of the channel pore, but rather in the bundle-crossing regions and in the domain linkers, respectively. TEF can induce resurgent currents independently and synergistically with Navβ4 peptide, which may explain the muscle spasms observed in TEF intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Jung Lai
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Lee
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Medical genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Yu
- Department of Physiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Genetics Generation Advancement Corporation, Taipei 11494, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Li Tsai
- Department of Physiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Chen Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Wei Huang
- Department of Physiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Zheng G, Zhu Y, Mozaffari S, Mao N, Chen KW, Jenkins K, Zhang D, Chan A, Arachchige HWS, Madhogaria RP, Cothrine M, Meier WR, Zhang Y, Mandrus D, Li L. Quantum oscillations evidence for topological bands in kagome metal ScV 6Sn 6. J Phys Condens Matter 2024; 36:215501. [PMID: 38335546 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad2803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Metals with kagome lattice provide bulk materials to host both the flat-band and Dirac electronic dispersions. A new family of kagome metals is recently discovered inAV6Sn6. The Dirac electronic structures of this material needs more experimental evidence to confirm. In the manuscript, we investigate this problem by resolving the quantum oscillations in both electrical transport and magnetization in ScV6Sn6. The revealed orbits are consistent with the electronic band structure models. Furthermore, the Berry phase of a dominating orbit is revealed to be aroundπ, providing direct evidence for the topological band structure, which is consistent with calculations. Our results demonstrate a rich physics and shed light on the correlated topological ground state of this kagome metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Zheng
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Shirin Mozaffari
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States of America
| | - Ning Mao
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Kaila Jenkins
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Dechen Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Aaron Chan
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Hasitha W Suriya Arachchige
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States of America
| | - Richa P Madhogaria
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States of America
| | - Matthew Cothrine
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States of America
| | - William R Meier
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States of America
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States of America
- Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States of America
| | - David Mandrus
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States of America
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States of America
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
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Jen CK, Lu KC, Chen KW, Lu YR, Huang IT, Huang YC, Huang CJ. Oral Dexmedetomidine Achieves Superior Effects in Mitigating Emergence Agitation and Demonstrates Comparable Sedative Effects to Oral Midazolam for Pediatric Premedication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1174. [PMID: 38398486 PMCID: PMC10889161 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral midazolam is the most commonly used sedative premedication agent in pediatric patients. While effective, oral midazolam cannot reduce the incidence of emergence agitation. Oral dexmedetomidine may be effective in providing satisfactory sedation and reduce the incidence of emergence agitation, although the results of different randomized controlled trials are conflicting. Methods: This study enrolled randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining premedication with oral dexmedetomidine versus oral midazolam in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and the Web of Science database were searched from their inception until June 2023. The outcomes were the incidence of satisfactory preoperative sedation, satisfactory sedation during separation from parents, satisfactory sedation during anesthesia induction using an anesthesia mask, and the incidence of emergence agitation. Results: A total of 9 RCTs comprising 885 patients were analyzed. Our data revealed comparable effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam with respect to satisfactory preoperative sedation and a satisfactory incidence of sedation during parental separation and mask acceptance before anesthesia induction. Notably, our data revealed that the rate of emergence agitation was significantly lower in pediatric patients receiving dexmedetomidine (n = 162) than in those receiving midazolam (n = 159) (odds ratio = 0.16; 95% confidence interval: 0.06 to 0.44; p < 0.001; I2 = 35%). Conclusions: Data from this meta-analysis revealed comparable effects for premedication with oral dexmedetomidine or oral midazolam with respect to satisfactory sedation; furthermore, premedication with oral dexmedetomidine more effectively mitigated emergence agitation in pediatric patients receiving general anesthesia compared with oral midazolam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Kai Jen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ching Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, Binkun Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Taoyuan 324, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - I-Tao Huang
- Emergency Department, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD 4020, Australia;
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Research Center of Big Data and Meta-Analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
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Sinha N, Chen KW. Neural Architecture Search using Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy. Evol Comput 2023:1-25. [PMID: 37155646 DOI: 10.1162/evco_a_00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Evolution-based neural architecture search methods have shown promising results but they require high computational resources since these methods involve training each candidate architecture from scratch and then evaluating its fitness which results in long search time. Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) has shown promising results in tuning hyperparameters of neural networks but has not been used for neural architecture search. In this work, we propose a framework called CMANAS which applies the faster convergence property of CMA-ES to the deep neural architecture search problem. Instead of training each individual architecture seperately, we used the accuracy of a trained one shot model (OSM) on the validation data as a prediction of the fitness of the architecture resulting in reduced search time. We also used an architecture-fitness table (AF table) for keeping record of the already evaluated architecture, thus further reducing the search time. The architectures are modelled using a normal distribution, which is updated using CMA-ES based on the fitness of the sampled population. Experimentally, CMANAS achieves better results than previous evolution-based methods while reducing the search time significantly. The effectiveness of CMANAS is shown on 2 different search spaces for datasets: CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, ImageNet and ImageNet16-120. All the results show that CMANAS is a viable alternative to previous evolution-based methods and extends the application of CMA-ES to the deep neural architecture search field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilotpal Sinha
- Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30010, Taiwan
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Chen KW, Jen CK, Lu YR, Huang IT, Chao PW, Huang CJ. Letter to the Editor: Peri-Operative Severe Hypothermia Is an Independent Risk Factor of Post-Operative Surgical Site Infection in Abdominal Surgery: A Meta-Analysis Study. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2022; 23:941-942. [PMID: 35980369 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2022.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Jen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Tao Huang
- Emergency Department, Redcliffe Hospital, Radcliffe, Queensland, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pei-Wen Chao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei,Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei,Taiwan
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Lu YR, Yeoh SR, Jen CK, Chen KW, Huang IT, Liao SF, Chang CW, Huang CJ. Intraoperative hemodynamic stability in peripheral nerve block patients undergoing diabetic foot surgery. Clin Auton Res 2022; 32:527-529. [PMID: 36098826 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-022-00891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ru Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ru Yeoh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Jen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - I-Tao Huang
- Emergency Department, Redcliffe Hospital, Anzac Avenue, Redcliffe, QLD, 4020, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, 288 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Shu-Fen Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250, Wu-Hsing St., Xinyi Dist, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Wen Chang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jun Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan. .,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan. .,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250, Wu-Hsing St., Xinyi Dist, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250, Wu-Hsing St., Xinyi Dist, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Zheng G, Zhang D, Chen KW, Singleton J, Li L. Resonant torque differential magnetometry with high frequency quartz oscillators. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:063907. [PMID: 35778020 DOI: 10.1063/5.0084231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive magnetometry has been a powerful probe for investigating quantum materials. Extreme conditions, such as sub-kelvin cryogenic temperatures and ultrahigh magnetic fields, demand further durability for sensitive magnetometry. However, significant mechanical vibrations and rapid magnetic field changes give enormous challenges to conventional magnetometry. This article presents a possible solution to this problem by developing a new magnetometry technique using high-frequency quartz oscillators. The technique takes advantage of the symmetry and geometry of mechanical vibration configurations of standard commercially available MHz quartz oscillators, and the setup keeps the high quality factor resonance with the sample mounted on the oscillator. We further demonstrate the sensitivity of the technique using bismuth single crystals and a Fe0.25TaS2 ferromagnetic material. Quantum oscillations are observed in the magnetometry response below 1 T, and the detected oscillation frequency is shown to come from the electron pockets of the bismuth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Zheng
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Dechen Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - John Singleton
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, MS E536, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Hsu CF, Chen KW, Su CH, Shen CY, Chi HY. Bilateral Vertebral Artery Hypoplasia and Fetal-Type Variants of the Posterior Cerebral Artery in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol 2021; 12:582149. [PMID: 33897577 PMCID: PMC8060552 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.582149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Unilateral vertebral artery hypoplasia is considered a risk factor for posterior circulation infarction. Despite the increasing attention on unilateral vertebral artery hypoplasia, few studies have discussed bilateral vertebral artery hypoplasia, its influence on stroke, or its collateral supply from the circle of Willis. We aimed to identify its characteristics, stroke pattern, and unique ultrasonographic and brain imaging findings. Materials and Methods: Of the 1,301 consecutive in-patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke from January 2013 to December 2015, medical and laboratory data and stroke or transient ischemic attack history were recorded. We enrolled patients who underwent both brain magnetic resonance imaging and sonography examinations. Vertebral artery and posterior cerebral artery analyses were conducted in accordance with clinical criteria. Results: Adequate imaging data were available for 467 patients. Of these, eight patients met the criteria for bilateral vertebral artery hypoplasia. The mean age was 62.9 ± 12.1 years. There were six male (75.0%) and two female patients (25.0%). A high prevalence of hypertension (7/8, 87.5%) was noted. Sonograms displayed a very low net flow volume in the vertebral arteries, with the average net flow volume being 28.9 ± 9.7 mL/min. A high frequency (6/8; 75.0%) of the fetal variant posterior cerebral artery from the carotids was found. The infarction patterns in these patients were all bilateral, scattered, and in multiple vascular territories. Conclusion: Patients with bilateral vertebral hypoplasia displayed a unique collateral supply, special stroke pattern, and younger stroke onset. Early recognition and stroke prevention should be considered critical in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Fu Hsu
- Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Su
- Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yu Shen
- Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chi
- Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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Hsu KH, Huang JW, Tseng JS, Chen KW, Weng YC, Yu SL, Yang TY, Huang YH, Chen JJW, Chen KC, Chang GC. Primary Tumor Radiotherapy During EGFR-TKI Disease Control Improves Survival of Treatment Naïve Advanced EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:2139-2148. [PMID: 33790577 PMCID: PMC8006910 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s300267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whether radiotherapy only for primary lung tumor (RTPLT) after epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy improves survival of treatment naïve advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) patients with/without polymetastasis. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective, single-center, observational study. Patients with stage IIIB-IV EGFR-mutant LAD with disease control by EGFR-TKI therapy were divided into curative RTPLT, and control, without radiotherapy (WRTPLT) groups. Results A total of 138 patients were enrolled; 46 in the RTPLT group and 92 in the WRTPLT group. Amongst them, 37% had oligometastasis, and 26.1% brain metastasis. The RTPLT group had both significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) (27.5 months [95% CI 18.1–36.9] vs 10.9 months [95% CI 6.3–15.5], P<0.001) and overall survivor (OS) (NR [95% CI NR-NR] vs 38.0 months [95% CI 31.2–44.8], P<0.001), respectively, when compared to the WRTPLT group. In multivariate analysis, the adjusted HR of radiotherapy on PFS was 0.30 (0.19–0.47) and on OS, 0.11 (0.04–0.30). Patients with oligometastasis had significantly longer PFS than those with polymetastasis with an HR of 0.35 (0.14–0.85), P=0.02. Patients with either oligometastasis or polymetastasis had significant longer PFS when undergoing radiotherapy than those without (both P<0.05). An EGFR-TKI to radiotherapy interval <24 weeks seemed more beneficial (P=0.097). Radiation pneumonitis comprised 32 (69.6%), 12 (26.1%), and two (4.3%) cases of common terminology criteria grade I, II, and III, respectively. Conclusion Curative RTPLT can prolong survival in patients with LAD following EGFR-TKI disease control, both involving oligometastasis and polymetastasis. RTPLT within 24 weeks after EGFR-TKI initiation appeared to be more beneficial with tolerable radiation pneumonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hsuan Hsu
- Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Wen Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Sen Tseng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Chyang Weng
- Radiation Oncology, Nantou Hospital of Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou City, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Optoelectronic Biomedicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy J W Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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10
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Chen KW, Chen HC. Keratosis Obturans of the External Auditory Canal With the Complication of Acute Taste Loss. Ear Nose Throat J 2020; 101:148-149. [PMID: 32791900 DOI: 10.1177/0145561320947271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 63452Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chien Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 63452Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Yu W, Elias JA, Chen KW, Baumbach R, Nenoff TM, Modine NA, Pan W, Henriksen EA. Electronic transport properties of a lithium-decorated ZrTe 5 thin film. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3537. [PMID: 32103134 PMCID: PMC7044314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Through a combination of single crystal growth, experiments involving in situ deposition of surface adatoms, and complimentary modeling, we examine the electronic transport properties of lithium-decorated ZrTe5 thin films. We observe that the surface states in ZrTe5 are robust against Li adsorption. Both the surface electron density and the associated Berry phase are remarkably robust to adsorption of Li atoms. Fitting to the Hall conductivity data reveals that there exist two types of bulk carriers: those for which the carrier density is insensitive to Li adsorption, and those whose density decreases during initial Li depositions and then saturates with further Li adsorption. We propose this dependence is due to the gating effect of a Li-adsorption-generated dipole layer at the ZrTe5 surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Yu
- Sandia National Labs, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185, USA
| | - Jamie A Elias
- Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
| | - Ryan Baumbach
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
| | - Tina M Nenoff
- Sandia National Labs, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185, USA
| | | | - Wei Pan
- Sandia National Labs, Livermore, California, 94550, USA
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Labs, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Erik A Henriksen
- Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
- Institute for Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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12
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Chen KW, Hsu HT, Lin JF, Yeh HL, Yeh DC, Lin CY, Chan S, Hsieh HY. Adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost to tumor bed with intensity modulated radiotherapy technique in elderly breast cancer patients. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:S12-S22. [PMID: 35117944 PMCID: PMC8798908 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.07.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy is the standard of care for breast cancer patients after partial mastectomy. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has been reported to reduce acute toxicities compared to conventional radiotherapy. IMRT with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) technique can deliver higher doses to tumor bed and irradiate whole breast with a lower dose level to shorten overall treatment duration. This study presents the long-term results of adjuvant IMRT with SIB in elderly breast cancer patients who received partial mastectomy. Methods From January 2007 to January 2018, 93 elder breast cancer patients (≥65-year-old) who received IMRT with SIB technique after partial mastectomy were reviewed retrospectively. The axillary areas were managed with either sentinel lymph node biopsies or axillary lymph node dissection. The dose to whole breast was 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions in all patients and the dose to tumor bed was 61.6 to 66.4 Gy in 28 fractions. The primary end point is locoregional control. Secondary end points include: overall survival, breast cancer-specific survival, distant-metastases-free survival, disease-free survival, and acute and chronic toxicities. Results The median follow-up was 56.1 months. One patient had ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence, 3 patients had regional lymph node recurrence, and 9 patients had distant metastases. Death occurred in 5 patients, including 3 patients died of breast cancer progression. Five-year overall survival is 96.3% and 5-year locoregional recurrence-free survival is 96.4%. The 5-year breast cancer specific survival and 5-year distant metastases-free survival is 97.5% and 87.2%, respectively. Seven patients developed second primary cancer after RT. Eighty-one point seven percent patients had acute grade 1 dermatitis while 18.3% suffered from grade 2 dermatitis. The incidence of grade 1 pneumonitis and grade 1 stomatitis was 4.3% and 8.6%, respectively. Conclusions Adjuvant IMRT with SIB technique is a safe and effective treatment strategy for elderly breast cancer patients after partial mastectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ting Hsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fu Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Yeh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Cherng Yeh
- Department of General Surgery, Cheng-Ching Hospital, Chung-Kang Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yao Lin
- Breast Medical Center, Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Siwa Chan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - He-Yuan Hsieh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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Chi HY, Chen KW, Hsu CF, Shen CY, Chen AC, Su CH, Fu WM. Ultrasound Findings Disclose the Mutual Impact of Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia and Vertebral Artery Hypoplasia. J Ultrasound Med 2019; 38:3037-3042. [PMID: 31020689 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) and vertebral artery hypoplasia (VAH) are known predisposing factors of posterior circulation stokes. These vascular conditions have unique hemodynamic patterns in neuroimaging studies; however, they have been presented as a single entity in some reports. The aim of this retrospective study was to clarify the relationship between these conditions with regard to ultrasound (US) findings. METHODS A total of 465 patients with strokes were recruited. Brain magnetic resonance imaging of vertebrobasilar arteries and differences in extracranial side-to-side vertebral artery (VA) flow were recorded by US and compared in groups. RESULTS The mean age of the 465 patients ± SD was 67.23 ± 12.13 years; 296 were men. The prevalence of VBD was 13.5% (n = 63), and 10.8% (n = 50) of the patients had coexisting VAH and VBD. These patients also had the highest prevalence of posterior circulation strokes (58% [n = 29]). A cutoff value of 55.65 mL/min and a ratio discrepancy of 5.28 (group median) for the side-to-side extracranial VA flow volume as detected by conventional US were also observed in the patients with both VAH and VBD. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a higher prevalence of posterior circulation strokes in the patients with both VBD and VAH. Chronic asymmetric hemodynamic shear force in extracranial VAs leading to deformity of the vertebrobasilar system may explain our observations. Accordingly, the blood flow volume and the ratio difference could potentially be used to detect patients at risk of VBD and reduce stroke risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Chi
- Departments of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Departments of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Fu Hsu
- Departments of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yu Shen
- Internal Medicine, Division of Radiology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - An-Chih Chen
- Departments of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Su
- Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Mei Fu
- Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Wei K, Neu JN, Lai Y, Chen KW, Hobbis D, Nolas GS, Graf DE, Siegrist T, Baumbach RE. Enhanced thermoelectric performance of heavy-fermion compounds Yb TM 2Zn 20 ( TM = Co, Rh, Ir) at low temperatures. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaaw6183. [PMID: 31172031 PMCID: PMC6544447 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw6183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectricity allows direct conversion between heat and electricity, providing alternatives for green energy technologies. Despite these advantages, for most materials the energy conversion efficiency is limited by the tendency for the electrical and thermal conductivity to be proportional to each other and the Seebeck coefficient to be small. Here we report counter examples, where the heavy fermion compounds YbTM 2Zn20 (TM = Co, Rh, Ir) exhibit enhanced thermoelectric performance including a large power factor (PF = 74 μW/cm-K2; TM = Ir) and a high figure of merit (ZT = 0.07; TM = Ir) at 35 K. The combination of the strongly hybridized electronic state originating from the Yb f-electrons and the novel structural features (large unit cell and possible soft phonon modes) leads to high power factors and small thermal conductivity values. This demonstrates that with further optimization these systems could provide a platform for the next generation of low temperature thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaya Wei
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer N. Neu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - You Lai
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Dean Hobbis
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - George S. Nolas
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - David E. Graf
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Theo Siegrist
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ryan E. Baumbach
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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15
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Silver MA, Cary SK, Garza AJ, Baumbach RE, Arico AA, Galmin GA, Chen KW, Johnson JA, Wang JC, Clark RJ, Chemey A, Eaton TM, Marsh ML, Seidler K, Galley SS, van de Burgt L, Gray AL, Hobart DE, Hanson K, Van Cleve SM, Gendron F, Autschbach J, Scuseria GE, Maron L, Speldrich M, Kögerler P, Celis-Barros C, Páez-Hernández D, Arratia-Pérez R, Ruf M, Albrecht-Schmitt TE. Electronic Structure and Properties of Berkelium Iodates. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13361-13375. [PMID: 28817775 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of 249Bk(OH)4 with iodate under hydrothermal conditions results in the formation of Bk(IO3)3 as the major product with trace amounts of Bk(IO3)4 also crystallizing from the reaction mixture. The structure of Bk(IO3)3 consists of nine-coordinate BkIII cations that are bridged by iodate anions to yield layers that are isomorphous with those found for AmIII, CfIII, and with lanthanides that possess similar ionic radii. Bk(IO3)4 was expected to adopt the same structure as M(IO3)4 (M = Ce, Np, Pu), but instead parallels the structural chemistry of the smaller ZrIV cation. BkIII-O and BkIV-O bond lengths are shorter than anticipated and provide further support for a postcurium break in the actinide series. Photoluminescence and absorption spectra collected from single crystals of Bk(IO3)4 show evidence for doping with BkIII in these crystals. In addition to luminescence from BkIII in the Bk(IO3)4 crystals, a broad-band absorption feature is initially present that is similar to features observed in systems with intervalence charge transfer. However, the high-specific activity of 249Bk (t1/2 = 320 d) causes oxidation of BkIII and only BkIV is present after a few days with concomitant loss of both the BkIII luminescence and the broadband feature. The electronic structure of Bk(IO3)3 and Bk(IO3)4 were examined using a range of computational methods that include density functional theory both on clusters and on periodic structures, relativistic ab initio wave function calculations that incorporate spin-orbit coupling (CASSCF), and by a full-model Hamiltonian with spin-orbit coupling and Slater-Condon parameters (CONDON). Some of these methods provide evidence for an asymmetric ground state present in BkIV that does not strictly adhere to Russel-Saunders coupling and Hund's Rule even though it possesses a half-filled 5f 7 shell. Multiple factors contribute to the asymmetry that include 5f electrons being present in microstates that are not solely spin up, spin-orbit coupling induced mixing of low-lying excited states with the ground state, and covalency in the BkIV-O bonds that distributes the 5f electrons onto the ligands. These factors are absent or diminished in other f7 ions such as GdIII or CmIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Silver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Samantha K Cary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Alejandro J Garza
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77251, United States
| | - Ryan E Baumbach
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Alexandra A Arico
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Gregory A Galmin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Jason A Johnson
- Environmental Health and Safety, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Jamie C Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Ronald J Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Alexander Chemey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Teresa M Eaton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Matthew L Marsh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Kevin Seidler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Shane S Galley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Lambertus van de Burgt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Ashley L Gray
- Environmental Health and Safety, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - David E Hobart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Kenneth Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Shelley M Van Cleve
- Nuclear Materials Processing Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Frédéric Gendron
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Gustavo E Scuseria
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77251, United States
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratorie de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées , 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Manfred Speldrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University , D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Cristian Celis-Barros
- Centro de Nanociencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello , República 275, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dayán Páez-Hernández
- Centro de Nanociencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello , República 275, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramiro Arratia-Pérez
- Centro de Nanociencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello , República 275, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael Ruf
- Bruker AXS , 5465 East Cheryl Parkway, Madison, Wisconsin 53711, United States
| | - Thomas E Albrecht-Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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16
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Chen CC, Lin JC, Chen KW. Comparison cisplatin with cisplatin plus 5FU in head and neck cancer patients received postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Oral Oncol 2017; 69:11-14. [PMID: 28559014 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the treatment outcomes and toxicity of both cisplatin and cisplatin plus 5FU chemotherapy in head and neck cancer patients who have received surgery, in addition to postoperative chemoradiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS From May 1991 to December 2012, a total of 113 head and neck cancer patients who received surgery, along with postoperative chemoradiotherapy were analyzed. The primary sites were oral cavity (86), oropharynx (17), hypopharynx (4), and larynx (6). Thirty-nine patients received cisplatin (P), while 74 patients received cisplatin plus 5FU (PF). The endpoints were overall survival (OS), local failure-free survival (LFFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). RESULTS The median follow up time was 43months, with a range of 4-222months. The 3-year rates of OS, LFFS, and DMFS were 62.1%, 71.3%, and 82.4%, respectively. The 3-year OS for P and PF were 71.3% and 57.5% (p=0.27). A multivariate analysis revealed that various chemotherapy regimens displayed no statistical difference for OS (Hazard Ratio [HR]=1.81; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=0.963-3.408; p=0.065), LFFS (HR=0.98; 95% CI=0.458-2.127; p=0.973), and DMFS (HR=1.25; 95% CI=0.463-3.398; p=0.656). Grade 3 and 4 mucositis for P and PF group were 61.5% and 64.9%. A greater than grade 3 dermatitis for P and PF group were 7.7% and 14.9%. CONCLUSION Postoperative chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin alone appeared to have higher 3-year OS and lower severe mucositis and dermatitis than cisplatin plus 5FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chih Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China; Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Ching Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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17
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Silver MA, Cary SK, Johnson JA, Baumbach RE, Arico AA, Luckey M, Urban M, Wang JC, Polinski MJ, Chemey A, Liu G, Chen KW, Van Cleve SM, Marsh ML, Eaton TM, van de Burgt LJ, Gray AL, Hobart DE, Hanson K, Maron L, Gendron F, Autschbach J, Speldrich M, Kögerler P, Yang P, Braley J, Albrecht-Schmitt TE. Characterization of berkelium(III) dipicolinate and borate compounds in solution and the solid state. Science 2017; 353:353/6302/aaf3762. [PMID: 27563098 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf3762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Berkelium is positioned at a crucial location in the actinide series between the inherently stable half-filled 5f(7) configuration of curium and the abrupt transition in chemical behavior created by the onset of a metastable divalent state that starts at californium. However, the mere 320-day half-life of berkelium's only available isotope, (249)Bk, has hindered in-depth studies of the element's coordination chemistry. Herein, we report the synthesis and detailed solid-state and solution-phase characterization of a berkelium coordination complex, Bk(III)tris(dipicolinate), as well as a chemically distinct Bk(III) borate material for comparison. We demonstrate that berkelium's complexation is analogous to that of californium. However, from a range of spectroscopic techniques and quantum mechanical calculations, it is clear that spin-orbit coupling contributes significantly to berkelium's multiconfigurational ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Silver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Samantha K Cary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Jason A Johnson
- Environmental Health and Safety, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Ryan E Baumbach
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Alexandra A Arico
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Morgan Luckey
- Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry and Department of Nuclear Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Matthew Urban
- Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry and Department of Nuclear Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Jamie C Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Matthew J Polinski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, Bloomsburg, PA 17815, USA
| | - Alexander Chemey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Guokui Liu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Shelley M Van Cleve
- Nuclear Materials Processing Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Matthew L Marsh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Teresa M Eaton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | | | - Ashley L Gray
- Environmental Health and Safety, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - David E Hobart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Kenneth Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratorie de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Frédéric Gendron
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Manfred Speldrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ping Yang
- Theory Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Jenifer Braley
- Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry and Department of Nuclear Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
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Dun ZL, Trinh J, Li K, Lee M, Chen KW, Baumbach R, Hu YF, Wang YX, Choi ES, Shastry BS, Ramirez AP, Zhou HD. Magnetic Ground States of the Rare-Earth Tripod Kagome Lattice Mg_{2}RE_{3}Sb_{3}O_{14} (RE=Gd,Dy,Er). Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:157201. [PMID: 27127982 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.157201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the structural and magnetic properties of a new compound family, Mg_{2}RE_{3}Sb_{3}O_{14} (RE=Gd,Dy,Er), with a hitherto unstudied frustrating lattice, the "tripod kagome" structure. Susceptibility (ac, dc) and specific heat exhibit features that are understood within a simple Luttinger-Tisza-type theory. For RE=Gd, we found long-ranged order (LRO) at 1.65 K, which is consistent with a 120° structure, demonstrating the importance of diople interactions for this 2D Heisenberg system. For RE=Dy, LRO at 0.37 K is related to the "kagome spin ice" physics for a 2D system. This result shows that the tripod kagome structure accelerates the transition to LRO predicted for the related pyrochlore systems. For RE=Er, two transitions, at 80 mK and 2.1 K are observed, suggesting the importance of quantum fluctuations for this putative XY system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z L Dun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200, USA
| | - J Trinh
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - K Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - M Lee
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-3016, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-3706, USA
| | - K W Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-3706, USA
| | - R Baumbach
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-3706, USA
| | - Y F Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Y X Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - E S Choi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-3706, USA
| | - B S Shastry
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - A P Ramirez
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - H D Zhou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-3706, USA
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Abstract
Background Lymph node status is one prognostic factor in head and neck cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of lymph node ratio (LNR) in head and neck cancer patients who received surgery plus postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Methods From May 1991 to December 2012, a total of 117 head and neck cancer patients who received surgery plus postoperative chemoradiotherapy were analyzed. The primary sites were oral cavity (93), oropharynx (13), hypopharynx (6), and larynx (5). All patients had pathologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma and 63 patients had neck lymph nodes metastasis. LNR was calculated for each patient. The endpoints were overall survival (OS), local failure-free survival (LFFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Results The median follow up time was 36 months, with a range from 3.4 to 222 months. The 3-year rates of OS, LFFS, and DMFS were 59.7, 70.3, and 81.8 %, respectively. The median value of LNR for lymph nodes positive patients was 0.1. In univariate analysis, patients with an LNR value less than 0.1 had better 3-year OS (67.0 % vs.41.0 %, p = 0.004), 3-year LFFS (76.1 % vs. 54.9 %, p = 0.015) and 3-year DMFS (87.2 % vs. 66.4 %, p = 0.06). Multivariate analysis revealed that LNR was an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.92; 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.367–6.242; p = 0.006) and LFFS (HR = 4.12; 95 % CI = 1.604–10.59; p = 0.003). Conclusion LNR is an important prognosis factor for OS and LFFS in head and neck cancer patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13014-015-0490-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chih Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No.1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Ching Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No.1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No.1650, Sect. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Fu HCH, Lie CWH, Ng TP, Chen KW, Tse CY, Wong WH. Prospective study on the effects of orthotic treatment for medial knee osteoarthritis in Chinese patients: clinical outcome and gait analysis. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21:98-106. [PMID: 25756275 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj144311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of various orthotic treatments for patients with isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis. DESIGN Prospective cohort study with sequential interventions. SETTING University-affiliated hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS From December 2010 to November 2011, 10 patients with medial knee osteoarthritis were referred by orthopaedic surgeons for orthotic treatment. All patients were sequentially treated with flat insole, lateral-wedged insole, lateral-wedged insole with subtalar strap, lateral-wedged insole with arch support, valgus knee brace, and valgus knee brace with lateral-wedged insole with arch support for 4 weeks with no treatment break. Three-dimensional gait analysis and questionnaires were completed after each orthotic treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), visual analogue scale scores, and peak and mean knee adduction moments. RESULTS Compared with pretreatment, the lateral-wedged insole, lateral-wedged insole with arch support, and valgus knee brace groups demonstrated significant reductions in WOMAC pain score (19.1%, P=0.04; 18.2%, P=0.04; and 20.4%, P=0.02, respectively). The lateral-wedged insole with arch support group showed the greatest reduction in visual analogue scale score compared with pretreatment at 24.1% (P=0.004). Addition of a subtalar strap to lateral-wedged insoles (lateral-wedged insole with subtalar strap) did not produce significant benefit when compared with the lateral-wedged insole alone. The valgus knee brace with lateral-wedged insole with arch support group demonstrated an additive effect with a statistically significant reduction in WOMAC total score (-26.7%, P=0.01). Compliance with treatment for the isolated insole groups were all over 90%, but compliance for the valgus knee brace-associated groups was only around 50%. Gait analysis indicated statistically significant reductions in peak and mean knee adduction moments in all orthotic groups when compared with a flat insole. CONCLUSIONS These results support the use of orthotic treatment for early medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry C H Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chester W H Lie
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Yaumatei, Hong Kong
| | - T P Ng
- Private Practice, Hong Kong
| | - K W Chen
- Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - C Y Tse
- Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - W H Wong
- Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Zhang HT, Sun ZY, Zhu XY, Chen KW, Qian ZL, Yang HL. Kyphoplasty for the Treatment of Very Severe Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture. J Int Med Res 2012; 40:2394-400. [PMID: 23321197 DOI: 10.1177/030006051204000638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: A retrospective evaluation of the clinical outcome and technical feasibility of kyphoplasty for the treatment of very severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (vsOVCF). Methods: Patients with vsOVCF were treated with kyphoplasty and followed-up for 1 year. Vertebral body height variation, kyphotic angle, back pain (visual analogue scale [VAS]) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were evaluated preoperatively, postoperatively, 1 month, 3 months and 1 year after treatment. Results: In total, 35 patients (49 vertebrae) were treated with kyphoplasty. There were no cases of spinal or extraspinal injury, infection, bleeding, pulmonary embolism, epidural cement leakage, stroke or cardiac arrest as a result of treatment. There were significant postoperative improvements in all outcome measures (vertebral body height variation, kyphotic angle, VAS and ODI); these improvements were maintained during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Kyphoplasty is an effective and minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of vsOVCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- HT Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - ZY Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - XY Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - KW Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - ZL Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - HL Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wang WY, Twu CW, Lin WY, Jiang RS, Liang KL, Chen KW, Wu CT, Shih YT, Lin JC. Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA screening followed by ¹⁸F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in detecting posttreatment failures of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer 2011; 117:4452-9. [PMID: 21437892 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The authors investigated the clinical implication of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA assay and (18) F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18) F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in the detection of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS Two hundred forty-five patients with NPC who had previously received treatment and were in a state of remission were monitored prospectively using a plasma EBV DNA assay every 3 to 6 months. (18) F-FDG PET studies were obtained when abnormal EBV DNA or clinically suggestive signs of recurrence were noted. RESULTS Thirty-six of 245 patients (14.7%) patients had abnormal EBV DNA tests and underwent PET scans. In the remaining 209 patients, 3658 blood tests were negative. PET scans also were obtained in 5 patients who had undetectable EBV DNA levels but signs that were clinically suggestive of disease recurrence. Subsequent analyses focused on 41 patients who had PET studies. In lesion-based analyses, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET by visual interpretation were 81.8%, 77.1%, and 79.2%, respectively, for all 125 lesions. In patient-based analyses, the accuracy of PET by visual interpretation was 51.2%. All 36 patients who had detectable plasma levels of EBV DNA had demonstrable NPC recurrences, whereas no recurrences were noted in 5 patients who had undetectable EBV DNA levels but signs that clinically mimicked a recurrence. Compared with annual PET, the annual cost of blood tests every 3 to 6 months per patient saved approximately 77% ∼ 88% in expenses. CONCLUSIONS The plasma EBV DNA assay correctly predicted all NPC recurrences, and PET had high capacity to localize potential lesion sites. The authors concluded that applying the strategy of EBV DNA screening followed by PET scanning may guide appropriate further treatment planning in a cost-effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yi Wang
- Section of Basic Medicine, Department of Nursing, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhu LQ, Ding XY, Tao J, Wang JY, Zhang XJ, Wang XB, Hu Y, Li HF, Chen KW, Zhu GQ. Identification of target cells for Goose parvovirus infection in the immune system organs. Acta Virol 2010; 54:211-5. [PMID: 20822314 DOI: 10.4149/av_2010_03_211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Target cells for Goose parvovirus (GPV) in natural infection are still unknown. In this study, immune system organs namely the spleen, bone marrow, thymus, bursa of Fabricius, and blood of experimentally GPV-infected goslings were examined by an immunoassay and flow cytometry for the presence of viral antigen and by a PCR for viral genome. The results indicated that the virus replicated in some cells of the spleen and bone marrow, but not in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). These data suggested that some cell populations in the spleen and bone marrow were targets for GPV infection. In addition, the immunoassay used for the detection of GPV was found comparable with a PCR in reliability and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Q Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
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Abstract
1. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ADSL gene, GARS-AIRS-GART gene and their combination genotype on inosine monophosphate content (IMP) in chicken. 2. The chicken breeds used for this study were Recessive White chicken (RW, Jiang-13 strain of white Plymouth Rock) and preserved population of 4 Chinese native chicken breeds, including Silkies, Baier, Tibetan and Xiaoshan. 3. The primers for exon 2 in ADSL gene and 5'UTR region in GARS-AIRS-GART gene were designed and the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. 4. Two SNPs were detected, C/T substitution at position 3484 in exon 2 of ADSL gene, which was a silent mutation, and C/T point mutation at position -179 in 5'UTR region of GARS-AIRS-GART gene. In ADSL gene, individuals with TT genotype had significantly higher IMP content than CT and CC genotype individuals. No significant difference was observed between CT and CC genotypes. Similar results were obtained for GARS-AIRS-GART gene. The combination of genotypes ADSL and GARS-AIRS-GART genes also had a significant effect on IMP content. Individuals with TTTT genotype had the highest muscle IMP content, while individuals with CCCT genotype had the lowest. 4. We putatively drew the conclusion that the SNPs in these two genes, as well as the combination genotypes, could be used as potential molecular markers for meat quality in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Shu
- Institute of Poultry Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
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Wang WY, Twu CW, Chen HH, Jan JS, Jiang RS, Chao JYC, Liang KL, Chen KW, Wu CT, Lin JC. Plasma EBV DNA clearance rate as a novel prognostic marker for metastatic/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:1016-24. [PMID: 20103659 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-2796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prognostic effect of the concentrations and clearance rates of plasma EBV DNA in metastatic/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Thirty relapsed and four previously nontreated metastatic NPC patients were treated according to the consensus guidelines of the head and neck cancer team in our hospital (i.v. chemotherapy first, followed by local irradiation boost and oral maintenance chemotherapy where applicable). Multiple plasma samples were collected during the first month of chemotherapy. Circulating EBV DNA concentrations were measured by a real-time quantitative PCR. The half-life values (t(1/2)) of plasma EBV DNA clearance were calculated. The associations between clinical outcome and plasma EBV DNA assays were analyzed. RESULTS Tumor response evaluated after 12 weeks of treatment showed 14 complete responses (41.2%), 12 partial responses (35.3%), 7 stable diseases (20.6%), and 1 progression disease (2.9%). The plasma EBV DNA concentrations have no significant effects on outcome prediction. The t(1/2) of plasma EBV DNA clearance ranged from 1.85 to 28.29 days (median, 3.99). Patients with a short t(1/2) of plasma EBV DNA clearance have significantly higher complete response rate and overall survival than those with long t(1/2). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant effect of the t(1/2) of plasma EBV DNA clearance on survival. CONCLUSIONS The clearance rates of plasma EBV DNA during the first month of chemotherapy can predict tumor response and patient survival. Early change of chemotherapy regimen may be considered for patients with slow plasma EBV DNA clearance rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yi Wang
- Department of Nursing, Hung Kuang University,Taiwan
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Li HF, Han W, Zhu YF, Shu JT, Zhang XY, Chen KW. Analysis of genetic structure and relationship among nine indigenous Chinese chicken populations by the Structure program. J Genet 2009; 88:197-203. [PMID: 19700858 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-009-0028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The multi-locus model-based clustering method Structure program was used to infer the genetic structure of nine indigenous Chinese chicken (Gallus gallus) populations based on 16 microsatellite markers. Twenty runs were carried out at each chosen value of predefined cluster numbers (K) under admixture model. The Structure program properly inferred the presence of genetic structure with 0.999 probabilities. The genetic structure not only indicated that the nine kinds of chicken populations were defined actually by their locations, phenotypes or culture, but also reflected the underlying genetic variations. At K = 2, nine chicken populations were divided into two main clusters, one light-body type, including Chahua chicken (CHA), Tibet chicken (TIB), Xianju chicken (XIA), Gushi chicken (GUS) and Baier chicken (BAI); and the other heavy-body type, including Beijing You chicken (YOU), Xiaoshan chicken (XIA), Luyuan chicken (LUY) and Dagu chicken (DAG). GUS and DAG were divided into independent clusters respectively when K equaled 4, 5, or 6. XIA and BIA chicken, XIA and LUY chicken, TIB and CHA chicken still clustered together when K equaled 6, 7, and 8, respectively. These clustering results were consistent with the breeding directions of the nine chicken populations. The Structure program also identified migrants or admixed individuals. The admixed individuals were distributed in all the nine chicken populations, while migrants were only distributed in TIB, XIA and LUY populations. These results indicated that the clustering analysis using the Structure program might provide an accurate representation of the genetic relationship among the breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Li
- Institute of Poultry Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Yangzhou 225003, People's Republic of China.
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Chen KW, Yang HL, Lu J, Liu JY, Chen XQ. Prognostic factors of sacral chordoma after surgical therapy: a study of 36 patients. Spinal Cord 2009; 48:166-71. [DOI: 10.1038/sc.2009.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lee HL, Lee HC, Guo HR, Ko WC, Chen KW. Clinical significance and mechanism of gas formation of pyogenic liver abscess due to Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:2783-5. [PMID: 15184470 PMCID: PMC427832 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.6.2783-2785.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We enrolled 22 patients with gas-forming pyogenic liver abscess in a study to assess the mechanism of gas formation. Klebsiella pneumoniae was cultured from specimens from all patients. Gas and pus samples from abscesses revealed four major components: nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen; this implicates mixed acid fermentation of glucose as the mechanism of gas formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ling Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, 138 Sheng-Li Rd., Tainan 704, Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Liou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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Chen KW, Juang JH, Lin JD. Extreme insulin resistance syndrome. Chang Gung Med J 2001; 24:640-5. [PMID: 11771187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Congenital extreme insulin resistance syndrome has rarely been reported in Taiwan. In 1982, a girl of a consanguineous marriage was noted to have increased body hair, an enlarged clitoris, and acanthosis nigricans at birth. Two months later, she received an operation for bilateral polycystic evaries. She was found to have diabetes at 8 years old and was treated with insulin. In March 1999, she was referred to our clinic with growth retardation and poor glycemic control. She had a characteristic face with a saddle nose, broad mouth, large low-set ears, absence of subcutaneous fat, and deformed nails. Although a very high dose of insulin (> 10 IU/kg/day) was used, her glycemic control was very poor (HbA1c 13.8%). Pediatricians should remain alert for the manifestations of extreme insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Shin Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Yin L, Pu Y, Liu TY, Tung YH, Chen KW, Lin P. Genetic polymorphisms of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase, CYP1A1 and microsomal epoxide hydrolase and lung cancer risk in Nanjing, China. Lung Cancer 2001; 33:133-41. [PMID: 11551408 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(01)00182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variations in metabolic activation or detoxification enzymes have been thought to contribute to individual differences in lung cancer susceptibility. Genetic polymorphisms of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (HYL1) have been associated with increased lung cancer risk in Asian populations. In the present study, the possibility of an association of NQO1, CYP1A1 and HYL1 genetic polymorphisms with lung cancer was examined among residents in Nanjing, China. A total of 84 lung cancer patients and 84 control subjects were matched by age, gender, occupation and smoking status. No significant association was observed for these genetic polymorphisms with the overall incidence of lung cancer. When the groups were stratified according to smoking status, we found that smokers carrying the HYL1*2 allele had a higher relative risk for lung cancer Odds ratio ((OR), 5.66; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.71-18.68). The association was also found with squamous cell carcinoma (OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.00-10.38). Our results suggest that HYL1*2 polymorphism might be a risk factor for smoking-associated lung cancer in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yin
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
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Fujimoto WY, Bergstrom RW, Boyko EJ, Chen KW, Kahn SE, Leonetti DL, McNeely MJ, Newell LL, Shofer JB, Tsunehara CH, Wahl PW. Preventing diabetes--applying pathophysiological and epidemiological evidence. Br J Nutr 2000; 84 Suppl 2:S173-6. [PMID: 11242464 DOI: 10.1079/096582197388635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This is a review of research carried out in Japanese Americans that points towards possible approaches to prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The natural history of type 2 diabetes usually includes both insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Insulin secretion may compensate for insulin resistance. Alternatively, enhanced insulin sensitivity may mask an insulin secretory defect. Epidemiological data support the view that in the vast majority of cases of type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance is essential to the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia. Increased diabetes prevalence as ethnic groups migrate to more urban or westernized regions has been attributed to increased occurrence of insulin resistance. Research among Japanese Americans in Seattle, Washington, showed a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes than in Japan, which suggested that factors associated with 'westernization' might be playing a role in bringing out underlying susceptibility to diabetes. Our research has shown that these impressions were correct and that the abnormalities that characterize the metabolic syndrome play a significant role. Due to increased intra-abdominal fat deposition, Japanese Americans were likely to be 'metabolically obese' despite relatively normal BMI. A diet higher in animal fat and lower levels of physical activity were risk factors leading to increased intra-abdominal fat deposition, insulin resistance, and diabetes. Information from epidemiological studies such as these may be used to determine whether diabetes may be prevented through changes in lifestyle or application of specific therapies targeted towards identified metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Fujimoto
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-6426, USA.
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Lee HL, Chen KW, Chi CH, Huang JJ, Tsai LM. Clinical presentations and prognostic factors of a glyphosate-surfactant herbicide intoxication: a review of 131 cases. Acad Emerg Med 2000; 7:906-10. [PMID: 10958131 DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2000.tb02069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicide attempts with agricultural chemicals are common in southern Taiwan. Among them, glyphosate-surfactant herbicide (GlySH) intoxication has been encountered with increasing frequency. Although a number of reports have described the clinical course and outcomes following ingestion, predictors of serious complications and mortality have not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to define predictors of serious complications and probable mortality. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 131 GlySH-intoxicated patients treated at the National Cheng Kung University Hospital from 1988 to 1995. Medical charts were reviewed and clinical and laboratory variables were abstracted, looking for predictors of mortality. RESULTS The most common symptoms included sore throat (79.5%), and nausea with or without vomiting (73.8%). The most common laboratory findings were leukocytosis (68.0%), low serum bicarbonate (48.1%), and acidosis (35.8%). Overall, 11 of 131 patients (8.4%) died; the mean +/- SEM time to death was 2.8 +/- 0.8 days after presentation. When comparing the clinical and laboratory characteristics among the survivor and fatality groups, significant differences were identified. Respiratory distress, pulmonary edema, respiratory distress necessitating intubation, shock (systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg), altered consciousness, abnormal chest x-ray, renal failure necessitating hemodialysis, larger amount of ingestion (>200 mL), and hyperkalemia were predictors highly associated with poor outcomes and mortality. Using multiple logistic regression, three predictors were identified, which may predict mortality in severely intoxicated patients. CONCLUSIONS In managing patients who have larger amount of GlySH ingestion, airway protection, early detection of pulmonary edema, and prevention of further pulmonary damage and renal damage appear to be of critical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Several experimental and clinical reports concerning endoscopic parathyroid surgery have appeared. However, reports concerning minimally invasive surgery for thyroid remains rare. Herein we present a new method, called video-assisted endoscopic thyroidectomy (VAET), for the management of various benign thyroid diseases. METHODS In all, 16 consecutive patients who underwent VAET for benign thyroid diseases were retrospectively studied. The study group included nodular hyperplasia in 8 patients, follicular adenoma in 6, and Hurthle's tumor and simple cyst in 1 each. A 2 to 3 cm transverse incision was made on the suprasternal notch. The wound was deepened to expose the underlying trachea from which the plane of the thyroid fascia was accessed directly, and the working space was established with lifting method using conventional instrument. All surgical procedures could be manipulated and monitored under laparoscopy without gas insufflation. The ultrasonically activated scalpel was the principal instrument used for VAET. RESULTS All 16 patients underwent VAET successfully without conversion to open thyroidectomy. The surgical procedures included lobectomy in 13 and extirpation in 3. The operation time ranged from 28 minutes to 5 hours (mean 1 hour, 42 minutes). For the 5 most recent cases, lobectomy took an average of 2 hours, whereas extirpation less than 40 minutes. The tumor size ranged from 3.5 cm to 8.0 cm (mean 5.8 cm). There were no surgical complications. All patients but 1 were discharged on postoperative day 2. During follow-up, all patients demonstrated euthyroid function and satisfactory cosmetic results. CONCLUSIONS VAET emerges as a promising minimally invasive surgical technique replacing conventional thyroidectomy for benign thyroid diseases in selected cases, with the advantage of satisfactory cosmetic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the morphological changes after Nd-YAG and CO2 laser irradiation on dentin surfaces with or without the smear layer. Eighty-one 3-mm-thick dentin specimens collected from the middle third of molar crowns were used. The dentin surfaces were ground to #320, #400, and #600 grit in series to create a smear layer. Half of the specimens were treated with 14% EDTA for 2 min to remove the smear layers. The lasers were applied on each specimen perpendicularly with 1-mm focus distance to the dentin surface for 4 s. The parameters for the Nd-YAG laser were 50 mJ, 100 mJ, and 150 mJ at 10 pps, 20 pps, and 30 pps, and for the CO2 laser were 2 W, 3 W, and 4 W at 5 ms x 20 pps, 10 ms x 10 pps, 20 ms x 20 pps, 50 ms x 2 pps, 100 ms x 2 pps, and 200 ms x 2 pps. The results showed that the Nd-YAG laser caused crater and melting of the dentin surface, especially in dentin specimens with smear layers. The CO2 laser produced extensive cracking lines on dentin surfaces with a smear layer, whereas surface erosion and crater formation were found on specimens without a smear layer. In conclusion, both the laser types and smear layer have a significant influence on the morphological changes of dentin surfaces irradiated by lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Lan
- Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chou SC, Chen KW, Huang CC, Lin KD, Hwang JS, Lin JD. The effects of glurenorm on plasma glucose and lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chang Gung Med J 2000; 23:480-4. [PMID: 11039250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of sulfonylureas on plasma glucose, lipids, and macrovascular complications are of interest. This study was designed to investigate the effects of glurenorm on plasma glucose and lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS Nineteen patients, 15 men and 4 women, with an age range of 38-69 years, and with type 2 diabetes mellitus, were studied. Plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and lipids were compared before and 3 months after glurenorm treatment. RESULTS Fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, and HbA1c significantly improved after 3 months of glurenorm treatment. The mean (+/- SD) triglyceride level of 10 patients with mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia decreased from 279 +/- 66 to 219 +/- 100 mg/dl (p = 0.054). The total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) of 14 hypercholesterolemic patients did not change significantly. Their mean body weight increased significantly from 65.7 +/- 9.6 to 67.2 +/- 9.9 kg (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Glurenorm was effective for glycemic control but caused weight gain in type 2 diabetic patients. Triglycerides in hypertriglyceridemic patients, and total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C in hypercholesterolemic patients did not improve after glurenorm treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Chou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Huang JJ, Huang CJ, Ruaan MK, Chen KW, Yen TS, Sheu BS. Diagnostic efficacy of (13)C-urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori infection in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 36:124-9. [PMID: 10873881 DOI: 10.1053/ajkd.2000.8284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The noninvasive urea breath test (UBT) avoids the discomforts and risks of invasive endoscopic methods of Helicobacter pylori detection. This study investigated the diagnostic efficacy of carbon 13 ((13)C)-labeled UBT for H pylori detection in 70 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and 70 dyspeptic controls without renal impairment. With H pylori infection defined as a positive result on either histological examination or culture of gastric biopsy specimen, we evaluated the reliability of the (13)C-UBT in detecting H pylori infection in both groups. To ascertain whether HD therapy affects the diagnostic efficacy of the UBT, the test was performed twice in patients with ESRD (before and after HD) at least 72 hours apart. In each UBT session, the baseline, 10-minute, and 15-minute (Delta15) gas samples were obtained to analyze excess (13)CO(2)/(12)CO(2) ratio (ECR). Histological stain and/or culture studies found that 33 of the patients with ESRD (47. 1%) and 42 of the control patients (60%) had H pylori infection. (13)C-UBT for H pylori detection in patients with ESRD was found to be only 93.8% sensitive and 85.3% specific. These results were achieved by gas sampling (Delta15) after HD therapy with a cutoff ECR value greater than 5. Conversely, the UBT in the control group achieved the greatest diagnostic efficacy (sensitivity, 97.6%; specificity, 96.4%) with a comparatively lower ECR cutoff value of 4. We conclude that the diagnostic accuracy for H pylori detection in patients with ESRD could be improved by performing (13)C-UBT (Delta15) after HD therapy and assessing the UBT with a cutoff ECR value greater than 5. However, the diagnostic efficacy of the UBT for patients with ESRD remained less accurate than that for dyspeptic patients without renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lin P, Wang SL, Wang HJ, Chen KW, Lee HS, Tsai KJ, Chen CY, Lee H. Association of CYP1A1 and microsomal epoxide hydrolase polymorphisms with lung squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2000; 82:852-7. [PMID: 10732758 PMCID: PMC2374384 DOI: 10.1054/bjoc.1999.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death among cancers in Taiwan. Although the etiology of lung cancer has yet to be defined, genetic variability in activities of metabolic enzymes has been correlated with lung cancer. In the present study, the possibility of association of CYP1A1 and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (HYL1) genetic polymorphisms with lung cancer was examined among 132 lung cancer patients and 259 controls in Taiwan. No significant association was observed for either CYP1A1 or HYL1 polymorphism alone and the overall incidence of lung cancer after adjusting for age, gender and smoking status. When cases were stratified according to histological type, there was significant association between CYP1A1*2A homozygote and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (odds ratio (OR) 2.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33-6.12). Similarly, the proportion of HYL1 genotypes corresponding to high or normal enzyme activities was higher in SCC than in controls (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.04-3.70). A combination of susceptible CYP1A1 and HYL1 genotypes was found to be highly associated with lung cancer, especially with SCC (OR 6.76; 95% CI 2.29-19.10). Our results suggest that the combination of CYP1A1 and HYL1 polymorphisms is an important risk factor for lung SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lin
- Institute of Toxicology, Chung-Shan Medical and Dental College, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Wang JY, Gong YC, Chen GH, Chen KW. [Studies of the correlations between DNA fingerprints and meat production traits in chickens]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 1999; 26:324-8. [PMID: 10593020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
This study revealed correlations between DNA fingerprints (DFPs) and slaughter traits of SR92A male x Xiaoshan female hybrids with EAV (endogenous avian retroviral element) as the probe. In the DFP patterns, the band J with molecular weight of about 4 kilobasepairs correlated significantly with alive weight, dressing weight, semi-eviscerated weight, talon weight, breast muscle weight, head weight and thigh weight. The mean alive weight, dressing weight, semi-eviscerated weight and breast muscle weight are 280 g (28.57%), 225 g (28.87%), 216 g (28.76%) and 16.71 g (54.00%) higher respectively in individuals without band J than in those with band J. With the following formula: delta W = (XJ(-) - XJ+) x N x FJ+, it was estimated that an addition of 165.2 kilograms of alive weight can be achieved in a hybrid population with size of 1,000 chickens established by selecting parents without band J.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Wang
- Animal Science and Veterinary Medicien College Yangzhou University, Yangzhou
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40
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Lin JD, Huang MJ, Juang JH, Chao TC, Huang BY, Chen KW, Chen JY, Li KL, Chen JF, Ho YS. Factors related to the survival of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma patients with distant metastases. Thyroid 1999; 9:1227-35. [PMID: 10646663 DOI: 10.1089/thy.1999.9.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There is limited clinical information comparing presentations and results of treatment of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma patients with distant metastases. We retrospectively analyzed data of 1,257 thyroid cancer patients who received their treatment and follow-up at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. We found 992 patients with papillary carcinoma and 205 patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma. Of these, 68 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (6.9%) had distant metastases at the time of diagnosis or during the follow-up period. Of the follicular thyroid carcinoma patients, 69 (33.7%) had distant metastases. Of the 68 patients with papillary carcinoma, only 33 were categorized as stage IV at the time of diagnosis. Nine of the patients were categorized as clinical stage I carcinoma, 10 as stage II, and 16 as stage III. Sixteen patients (23.5%) died during the study period, all but 2 of thyroid cancer. Twelve of the 68 patients were disease-free after treatment. Of the 69 patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma, 58 were categorized as stage IV at the time of diagnosis. Six of the patients were categorized as clinical stage I carcinoma, 2 as stage II, and 3 as stage III at the time of diagnosis; all of these patients deteriorated to stage IV during the follow-up period. Of the 42 patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma involving bone, 24 presented with bone metastases during the initial diagnosis. After treatment, 25 of 69 patients with follicular carcinoma died of follicular carcinoma. Only 3 patients were disease-free after the treatment. In patients with follicular carcinoma, only tumor size was an important prognostic factor. In this study, 8 patients categorized as clinical stages I to III at the time of operation had thyroglobulin (Tg) levels less than 5 ng/mL and developed distant metastases during the follow-up period. In conclusion, at diagnosis a large group of Asian patients with metastatic well-differentiated thyroid cancer was more likely to have follicular than papillary histology, and that, as expected, metastases from follicular cancer were present earlier and more frequently, were more likely to involve bone, were more likely to be associated with mortality, and were linked to tumor size but not gender. Also unlike some other reports, treatment producing a low Tg did not always produce a good outcome. More aggressive surgical procedures may be able to improve outcomes.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/blood
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/diagnosis
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/mortality
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/secondary
- Adult
- Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Bone Neoplasms/secondary
- Carcinoma, Papillary/blood
- Carcinoma, Papillary/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Papillary/mortality
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/secondary
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- Retrospective Studies
- Thyroglobulin/blood
- Thyroid Neoplasms/blood
- Thyroid Neoplasms/mortality
- Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC.
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Fujimoto WY, Bergstrom RW, Boyko EJ, Chen KW, Leonetti DL, Newell-Morris L, Shofer JB, Wahl PW. Visceral adiposity and incident coronary heart disease in Japanese-American men. The 10-year follow-up results of the Seattle Japanese-American Community Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 1999; 22:1808-12. [PMID: 10546012 DOI: 10.2337/diacare.22.11.1808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for incident coronary heart disease (CHD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 175 Japanese-American men without CHD were followed for up to 10 years. Baseline variables were blood pressure, weight, BMI, fat areas by computed tomography, skinfold thicknesses, abdominal circumference, plasma insulin, C-peptide, cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, HDL2 cholesterol, and HDL3 cholesterol, triglycerides, apoproteins A1 and B, and diagnosis of diabetes and hypertension. CHD was diagnosed by electrocardiogram and clinical events. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio. RESULTS There were 50 incident cases of CHD. Using univariate logistic regression analysis, significant risk factors were intra-abdominal fat (P = 0.0090), fasting glucose (P = 0.0002), 2-h glucose (P = 0.0008), fasting HDL cholesterol (P = 0.0086), fasting HDL2 cholesterol (P = 0.030), fasting HDL3 cholesterol (P = 0.018), fasting triglycerides (P = 0.013), systolic (P = 0.0007) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.0002), and presence of diabetes (P = 0.0023). Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for BMI and age showed that intra-abdominal fat accounted for the effects of HDL cholesterol or triglycerides. In a multiple logistic regression model that included intra-abdominal fat, all systolic blood pressure and fasting glucose were significant. Substituting diastolic blood pressure for systolic blood pressure and 2-h glucose or diabetes status for fasting glucose produced similar results. CONCLUSIONS Visceral adiposity, blood pressure, and plasma glucose are important independent risk factors for incident CHD in this population of diabetic and nondiabetic Japanese-American men.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Fujimoto
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
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Abstract
Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) is involved in metabolic activation of carcinogenic nitrosamines, benzene and low molecular weight halogenated hydrocarbons. In this study, we assessed the association between CYP2E1 RsaI and DraI genetic polymorphisms and lung cancer in a Taiwanese population. The RsaI genotype distribution was significantly different between 119 lung cancer patients and 231 non-cancer controls. The homozygote variants of RsaI genotypes were more common in controls (6.9%) than in lung cancer patients (0.8%). The estimated odds ratio (OR) was 0.11 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.01-0.87). After adjusting for age, sex, and smoking status, the OR was 0.12 (95%, CI, 0.02-0.95). This is the first observation of a positive association between this locus and lung cancer in an Asian population. No significant differences in CYP2E1 DraI genotype distributions were found between cases and controls. The results of this study indicate that CYP2E1 RsaI polymorphism, but not DraI polymorphism, may contribute to the development of lung cancer in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Wang
- Departnent of Public Health, Chung-Shan Medical and Dental College, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
A stability study is usually conducted to ensure that a drug product can meet the approved specifications prior to its expiration dating period (shelf life). Several approaches for determination of drug shelf life assuming random batches have been proposed. In this paper, we examine sampling distributions of the estimated shelf lives proposed by Shao and Chow (1994, Biometrics 50, 753-763). An application to some stability data from the pharmaceutical industry is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Department of Mathematics, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 28223, USA.
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Chung MH, Chen KW, Chen JF, Lu WT, Sun JH, Lin JD. Identification of familial hypercholesterolemia in Taiwan: report of eleven cases. Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi 1999; 22:460-7. [PMID: 10584419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial hypercholesterolemia is associated with a very high risk of premature coronary heart disease. In order to identify cases of familial hypercholesterolemia in Taiwan, we screened the hyperlipidemic patients in our metabolic clinics. METHODS Hyperlipidemic patients were screened in the metabolic outpatient department and the cases which fulfilled the clinical criteria of definitive or possible familial hypercholesterolemia were further analyzed. Their clinical characteristics, including age, gender, physical findings, past history of coronary heart disease or cerebrovascular accident (CVA), family history, and lipid profiles before and after medical treatment, were reviewed. RESULTS Eight women and 3 men fulfilled the diagnostic criteria. The mean age at diagnosis was 51.1 +/- 11.9 years old. Tendon xanthomas were found in 5 patients with definitive familial hypercholesterolemia. Coronary heart disease was confirmed in one patient and old CVA was noted in another 2 patients. The mean total cholesterol level was 390.3 +/- 88.9 mg/dl and the mean low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) level was 309.6 +/- 89.9 mg/dl before treatment. After a mean treatment duration of 45.2 months, the mean total cholesterol level and LDL-cholesterol level were 326.8 +/- 87.8 mg/dl and 249.1 +/- 91.1 mg/dl, respectively. CONCLUSION Clinically diagnosed familial hypercholesterolemia indeed exists in Taiwan. As compared to other reports, the mean age at diagnosis in our series was older and the majority of patients were women. Most patients were not vigorously treated and the family members were not thoroughly screened. Adequate treatment of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in clinical practice and screening their family members are crucial in preventing new or recurrent coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Abstract
Hypotension is one of the most important predictors of mortality in sodium monofluoroacetate (SMFA) intoxication. This paper reports the hemodynamic response in one fatal and another survival case of SMFA intoxication. Despite correction of hypovolemia and with inotropic support, the patients remained in shock. Hemodynamic observations have provided evidence that shock after SMFA intoxication is due to diminished systemic vascular resistance and increased cardiac output. This is the first report in which such an invasive hemodynamic investigation has been recorded in a clinical case of SMFA intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University Medical College and Hospital, Tainan City, Taiwan
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Chang TL, Chen KW, Lee YD, Fan K. Determination of benzodiazepines in clinical serum samples: comparative evaluation of REMEDi system, aca analyzer, and conventional HPLC performance. J Clin Lab Anal 1999; 13:106-11. [PMID: 10323474 PMCID: PMC6807818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergency toxicology or drug screening in clinical settings requires rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis with acceptable levels of sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the performance of the multi-column HPLC-based REMEDi drug profiling system (Bio-Rad), the aca analyzer (Du Pont), and the bench standard conventional HPLC method in the identification of 12 clinically important benzodiazepines. In this study, the presence of benzodiazepines in 133 patients' serum samples were qualitatively and comparatively analyzed by these three procedures. Among these methods, 120 of 133 samples were identified as benzodiazepine-positive by conventional HPLC (90%); 127 by aca analyzer (95%); and 84 by REMEDi (63%). Detection sensitivity of REMEDi for most of the benzodiazepines was found satisfactory when concentrations were greater than 1.0 microg/mL. When benzodiazepine concentrations were in the ranges of 0.3-1.0 microg/mL, detection sensitivity became varied among the benzodiazepine family of drugs by REMEDi method. REMEDi procedure should not be considered as the method of choice for detection of benzodiazepines if expected concentration levels are below 0.3 microg/mL, with the exception of bromazepam. Conventional HPLC displayed the highest sensitivity and specificity for the detection of benzodiazepines. In our studies, 36 REMEDi-negative samples were positive by HPLC, although in 16 of the 36 REMEDi negative samples (13.3%), the presence of benzodiazepines was detected but only listed as candidates without positive identification of the individual compounds by REMEDi. In our series, however, there were no false positives by the REMEDi method whereas aca procedure showed 13 false positive results (9%) and 6 cases of false negative (4%). Our data indicate that the REMEDi procedure can be used on serum samples for rapid qualitative screening of clinically important high levels of benzodiazepines with high specificity. However, due to the relatively low sensitivity of REMEDi in samples with low benzodiazepine levels and relatively low specificity by aca, all samples should be further confirmed by conventional HPLC procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Chang
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
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Jeng JH, Chen KW, Lin CP, Chou HG, Lan WH. Ultrastructural changes of the tooth root surface by Nd:YAG laser irradiation followed by citric acid and tetracycline. J Formos Med Assoc 1999; 98:242-7. [PMID: 10389367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has been used for treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity, eradicating periodontal pathogens, and facilitating calculus removal. However, Nd:YAG laser irradiation exerts potentially harmful effects on the tooth root surface. The purpose of this study was to examine the ultrastructural changes of the tooth root surface caused by Nd:YAG laser irradiation, and to determine whether chemical and mechanical preparations can correct these ultrastructural changes. Eighteen tooth specimens (3 x 3 x 0.5 mm) with healthy root surfaces were prepared and irradiated with an Nd:YAG laser at various power densities. Root surfaces were irradiated at 100 mJ at 20 pulses per second (pps) for 2 seconds followed by the application of citric acid (pH 1.2) or tetracycline solution (100 mg/mL) for 3 and 5 minutes, respectively, or ultrasonic scaling for 5 strokes of 3 seconds per stroke. As observed with low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy, (Wet-SEM), Nd:YAG laser irradiation at 70 to 100 mJ, 20 pps for 2 seconds caused surface cratering, areas of porosity, pitting, fissures, and lava-like structures in an area 140 to 280 microns in diameter. Irradiation of 50 mJ, 20 pps for 2 seconds, led to only mild surface charring. No evidence of morphologic changes was found when root surfaces were irradiated with the Nd:YAG laser at 20 mJ, 20 pps for 2 seconds or at 50 mJ, 10 pps for 8 seconds. The laser-induced lava-like structures were partially detached by citric acid (pH 1.2) etching and ultrasonic scaling, but not by tetracycline (100 mg/mL). These results indicate that chemical and mechanical preparations can be used effectively in conjunction with Nd:YAG laser irradiation for root surface preparation during both nonsurgical and surgical periodontal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Jeng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dental Science, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pesticide poisoning is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Taiwan and herbicides are most frequently implicated. Imazapyr [2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-2 imidazoline-2-yl)nicotinic acid] is a new herbicide, recently registered in Taiwan under the tradename "Arsenal" (Imazapyr 23.1%, Cyanamid Taiwan Corporation, Taipei). Imazapyr is also marketed as Assault, Chopper, Contain, and Pivot. To the best of our knowledge, there is no information in the literature concerning acute toxicity in humans after ingestion of herbicides containing this compound. METHOD Six cases of acute poisoning with Arsenal occurred during the period 1993-1997 in a single hospital. Emergency room records and medical charts were reviewed. RESULTS Of 6 cases, 5 were suicide attempts and 1 was an act of violence inflicted on a child. Three of the 6 patients (50%) presented with severe symptoms, including impairment of consciousness and respiratory distress requiring intubation. Other presentations included metabolic acidosis (2), hypotension (2), leukocytosis (3), fever (2), mild elevation of hepatic transaminase and creatinine (2), unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (2), oral ulceration (2), pharyngolaryngitis (2), and chemical burns of the cornea (1). All cases had copious vomiting after ingestion of Arsenal. No mortality occurred. CONCLUSION According to our observations, it appeared the toxic syndrome that results from a large quantity (> 100 mL) of Arsenal herbicide ingestion consists of hypotension, pulmonary dysfunction, oral mucosal and gastrointestinal irritation, and transient liver and renal dysfunction. However, the existence of a dose-response relationship, with increasing amounts of ingestion resulting in more severe symptoms, needs further observation and studies that include a larger series.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Lee
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Chang TL, Chen KW, Lee YD, Fan K. Determination of benzodiazepines in clinical serum samples: Comparative evaluation of REMEDi system, aca analyzer, and conventional HPLC performance. J Clin Lab Anal 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2825(1999)13:3<106::aid-jcla3>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Jong IC, Huang JJ, Lan RR, Wang MC, Tseng CC, Chen KW. Emphysematous pyelonephritis in two diabetic patients with complete uterine prolapse and cystocele. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13:3214-7. [PMID: 9870495 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/13.12.3214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I C Jong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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