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Creti G, Sebastio N, Creti A, Capone L, Latiano C, Cisternino A. Multiple laser puncture in the endoscopic treatment of ureterocele: the first and/or final therapeutic choice? long term results. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Minniti G, Giraffa M, Capone L, Raza G, Russo I, Navarria P, Tini P, Romano A, Bozzao A, Paolini S, Esposito V. KS01.5.A Impact of reduced treatment volumes on pattern of tumor recurrence and radiation dose to normal brain parenchyma in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
to analyze GBM recurrence pattern after standard chemoradiotherapy according to different target volume delineations. We hypothesized that reduced target volume margins may result in similar pattern of failure.
Material and Methods
207 patients with GBM who recurred after standard chemoradiation were evaluated. According to the Advisory Committee for Radiation Oncology Practice (ACROP) committee of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) target volume delineation guideline, the clinical target volume (CTV) used for treatment planning consisted of residual tumor and resection cavity plus 2-cm margin. MRI scans showing tumor recurrences were fused with the planning computed tomography (CT), and the patterns of failure were analyzed dosimetrically using dose-volume histograms. The recurrent lesions were defined as in-field, marginal, or distant if >80%, 20-80%, or <20% of the intersecting volume was included in the 95% isodose line. For each patient a theoretical plan consisting of a reduced CTV using 1-cm margin was created and patterns of failure evaluated.
Results
The median overall survival and progression-free survival were 15.3 months and 7.8 months, respectively, from the date of surgery. Recurrences were in-field in 180 patients, marginal in 5 patients, and distant in 22 patients. Analysis of O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status showed different recurrence patterns of GBMs in patients with MGMT methylated compared with patients with MGMT unmethylated status. Recurrences occurred in-field and distant in 75.6% and 18.6% of methylated patients and in 91.8% and 6% of unmethylated patients, respectively (p=0.0046). Patterns of failure were similar between the different treatment plans. Reduced target volumes were associated with significantly lower doses of 20-50 Gy to normal brain and hippocampi (p=0.0001).
Conclusion
Most of patients treated with standard chemioradiotherapy have in-field recurrences; however, an increased risk of distant recurrences occurs in methylated tumors. The use of target delineation using 1-cm CTV margin is associated with smaller volumes of normal brain and hippocampi irradiated to high doses, without significant changes in the pattern of failure. The impact of different target delineation in terms of efficacy and risk of late radiation-induced toxicity should be assessed prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Minniti
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte , Siena , Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed , Pozzilli (IS) , Italy
| | - M Giraffa
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center San Pietro , Rome , Italy
| | - L Capone
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center San Pietro , Rome , Italy
| | - G Raza
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center San Pietro , Rome , Italy
| | - I Russo
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Villa Maria , Mirabella Eclano , Italy
| | - P Navarria
- Radiation Oncology Dept., IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, , Milano (Rozzano) , Italy
| | - P Tini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte , Siena , Italy
| | - A Romano
- Neuroradiology Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - A Bozzao
- Neuroradiology Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - S Paolini
- Division of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Neuromed , Pozzilli (IS) , Italy
| | - V Esposito
- Division of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Neuromed , Pozzilli (IS) , Italy
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Cavallo F, Caponigro S, Di Minico D, Danaro G, Maida L, Capone L, Nicolini L, Allegretta S, Aquilanti F, Gentile P. PO-1852 SGRT for pre-positioning in SBRT lung treatments: accuracy and efficiency evaluation. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03815-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Castelluccia A, Marchesano D, Grimaldi G, Annessi I, Bianciardi F, Di Palma A, Confaloni V, Rea F, Tolu B, Valentino M, Verna L, Rago M, Borrazzo C, Capone L, Masi M, El Gawhary R, Gentile P. PO-1401 MR-guided adaptive versus CT-guided SBRT for prostate cancer: where is cost-benefit balance? Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Pastore A, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Capone L, Martoccia A, Suraci P, Scalzo S, Bozzini G, Maruccia S, Illiano E, Zucchi A, Costantini E, Carbone A. 5 years follow-up outcomes of pelvic floor rehabilitation protocol in subjects with lifelong premature ejaculation: The definitive long-term evaluation. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Raza G, El Gawhary R, Trezza A, Capone L, Gentile P. SBRT planning ideas for spinal metastasis. Phys Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)00380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Raza G, Minniti G, Trezza A, Capone L, Gentile P. Our first experiences with Hyper Arc and Elements Multi Brain Metastases techniques. Phys Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)00170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Pastore A, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Velotti G, Capone L, Martoccia A, Martoccia A, Suraci P, Scalzo S, Carbone A. Impact of self clean intermittent catheterization in orthotopic ilael neobladder: functional outcomes, continence status and urinary tract infections. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00810-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Capone L, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Martoccia A, Scalzo S, Suraci P, Antonioni A, Rera O, Valenzi F, Maceroni P, Carbone A, Pastore A. Shear wave elastography in varicocele patients: prospective study to investigate correlation with semen parameters and histological findings. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00847-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Pastore A, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Velotti G, Capone L, Martoccia A, Suraci P, Scalzo S, Carbone A. Radiogenomics in renal cell carcinoma: correlations between texture analysis (advanced ct imaging) and micrornas expression. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00738-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Pastore A, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Martoccia A, Capone L, Suraci P, Scalzo S, Valenzi F, Rera O, Antonioni A, Rengo M, Maceroni M, Carbone A. Possible role of the microbiota in urinary stones: a prospective study to correlate radiological density (hounsfield units) and cultural examination of the urinary calculi. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00934-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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12
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Cavallo F, Capone L, Gennuso N, Abate G, Grimaldi G, Allegretta S, Russo I, Gentile P. PO-1947 catching opportunity from voxel evaluation of follow-up PET/CT imaging in SBRT of lung lesions. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Capone L. SP-0369 RTT practice during COVID-19. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pastore A, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Capone L, Annino F, Khorrami S, Asimakopoulos A, Falsaperla M, Bozzini G, Carbone A. Holmium laser enucleation of prostate versus minimally invasive simple prostatectomy for large volume (≥ 120 ml) prostate glands: A prospective multicenter randomized study. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Martoccia A, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Maggi M, Capone L, Suraci P, Scalzo S, Cervigni M, Carbone A, Pastore A. Sexual and functional outcomes after prolapse surgery: Trocarless Transvaginal Mesh (TTMs) versus Pelvic Organ Prolapse Suspension (POPS). Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Capone L, Nardiello B, El Gawhary R, Raza G, Scaringi C, Bianciardi F, Tolu B, Rea F, Gentile P, Paolini S, Minniti G. PO-1873: SIDCA in patients with ≥ 10 brain mets: evaluation of neurological toxicity and treatment accuracy. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Capone L, Cavallo F, Lusini F, Di Minico D, Nardiello B, Leonardo N, Gentile P. PO-1847: ART in prostate cancer: how to use an offline approach with daily CBCT and deformable registration. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Capone L, Nardiello B, El Gawhary R, Raza G, Scaringi C, Bianciardi F, Gentile P, Paolini S, Minniti G. PO-1838: Multiple Brain Mets: impact of patient positioning errors on optimal PTV margin strategy. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01856-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Martoccia A, Scalzo S, Velotti G, Capone L, Suraci P, Carbone A, Annino F, Saba K, Asimakopoulos A, Bozzini G, Falsaperla M, Pastore A. Prospective multicentre randomized study to compare holmium laser enucleation of prostate and laparoscopic/robot-assisted simple prostatectomy in high volume prostate glands (≥120 ml). EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Martoccia A, Pastore A, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Capone L, Scalzo S, Suraci P, Velotti G, Illiano E, Costantini E, Cervigni M, Carbone A. sexual function after pelic organ prolapse surgery: Trocarless Transvaginal Mesh (TTMS) vs. laparoscopic transperitoneal pelvic organ prolapse suspension. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35649-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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21
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Pastore A, Al Salhi Y, Fuschi A, Suraci P, Velotti G, Capone L, Rengo M, Caruso D, Laghi A, Fazi F, Petrozza V, Carbone A. Radiogenomics in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Correlations between advanced CT imaging (texture analysis) and microRNAs expression. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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22
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Pastore A, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Capone L, Velotti G, Suraci P, Martoccia A, Zerbinati C, Iuliano L, Carbone A. The profile of human sperm oxysterols in normal and subfertile patients: A prospective multicentre study. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)32920-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Capone L, Lusini F, Cavallo F, Nardiello B, Tolu B, Nicolini L, Gentile P. OC-053: ART in prostate cancer: how to use an offline approach with daily CBCT and deformable registration. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(20)30442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nardiello B, Aquilanti F, Tolu B, Raza G, Gawhary RE, D’ambrosio C, Bianciardi F, Rea F, Scaringi C, Capone L, Nicolini L, Lusini F, Minniti G, Gentile P. 170. Implementing single-isocenter volumetric modulated arc therapy radiosurgery treatment for multiple intracranial metastases. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Schafer PH, Parton A, Capone L, Cedzik D, Brady H, Evans JF, Man HW, Muller GW, Stirling DI, Chopra R. Apremilast is a selective PDE4 inhibitor with regulatory effects on innate immunity. Cell Signal 2014; 26:2016-29. [PMID: 24882690 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Apremilast, an oral small molecule inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), is in development for chronic inflammatory disorders, and has shown efficacy in psoriasis, psoriatic arthropathies, and Behçet's syndrome. In March 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration approved apremilast for the treatment of adult patients with active psoriatic arthritis. The properties of apremilast were evaluated to determine its specificity, effects on intracellular signaling, gene and protein expression, and in vivo pharmacology using models of innate and adaptive immunity. Apremilast inhibited PDE4 isoforms from all four sub-families (A1A, B1, B2, C1, and D2), with IC50 values in the range of 10 to 100 nM. Apremilast did not significantly inhibit other PDEs, kinases, enzymes, or receptors. While both apremilast and thalidomide share a phthalimide ring structure, apremilast lacks the glutarimide ring and thus fails to bind to cereblon, the target of thalidomide action. In monocytes and T cells, apremilast elevated intracellular cAMP and induced phosphorylation of the protein kinase A substrates CREB and activating transcription factor-1 while inhibiting NF-κB transcriptional activity, resulting in both up- and down-regulation of several genes induced via TLR4. Apremilast reduced interferon-α production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells and inhibited T-cell cytokine production, but had little effect on B-cell immunoglobulin secretion. In a transgenic T-cell and B-cell transfer murine model, apremilast (5mg/kg/day p.o.) did not affect clonal expansion of either T or B cells and had little or no effect on their expression of activation markers. The effect of apremilast on innate immunity was tested in the ferret lung neutrophilia model, which allows monitoring of the known PDE4 inhibitor gastrointestinal side effects (nausea and vomiting). Apremilast significantly inhibited lung neutrophilia at 1mg/kg, but did not induce significant emetic reflexes at doses <30 mg/kg. Overall, the pharmacological effects of apremilast are consistent with those of a targeted PDE4 inhibitor, with selective effects on innate immune responses and a wide therapeutic index compared to its gastrointestinal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Schafer
- Department of Translational Development, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA.
| | - A Parton
- Department of Translational Development, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA
| | - L Capone
- Department of Translational Development, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA
| | - D Cedzik
- Department of Translational Development, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA
| | - H Brady
- Department of Translational Development, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA
| | - J F Evans
- Department of Biology, PharmAkea, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - H-W Man
- Department of Process Chemistry, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA
| | - G W Muller
- GWM Consulting, Rancho Santa Fe, CA, USA
| | | | - R Chopra
- Department of Translational Development, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA
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Gandhi AK, Kang J, Capone L, Parton A, Wu L, Zhang LH, Mendy D, Lopez-Girona A, Tran T, Sapinoso L, Fang W, Xu S, Hampton G, Bartlett JB, Schafer P. Dexamethasone synergizes with lenalidomide to inhibit multiple myeloma tumor growth, but reduces lenalidomide-induced immunomodulation of T and NK cell function. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2010; 10:155-67. [PMID: 20088798 DOI: 10.2174/156800910791054239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To determine the effect of dexamethasone on the antimyeloma effects of lenalidomide, we tested in vitro proliferation, tumor suppressor gene expression, caspase activity, cell cycling, and apoptosis levels in a series of multiple myeloma (MM) and plasma cell leukemia cell lines treated with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, alone or in combination. The effect of dexamethasone on the immunomodulatory activities of lenalidomide such as T cell and natural killer (NK) cell activation was measured via interleukin [IL]-2 production, and interferon-gamma and granzyme B production respectively. Lenalidomide inhibited proliferation in most cell lines tested, and this effect was enhanced by dexamethasone. This effect was observed in MM cells containing the high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities t(4;14), t(14;16), del17p, del13, and hypodiploidy. Mechanistically, lenalidomide plus dexamethasone synergistically induced expression of the tumor suppressor genes Egr1, Egr2, Egr3, p15, p21, and p27 in MM cell lines and MM patient cells. The combination activated caspases 3, 8, and 9; and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Lenalidomide alone increased T cell production of IL-2, and NK cell production of interferon-gamma and granzyme B. Notably, dexamethasone antagonized these immunostimulatory effects of lenalidomide in a dose-dependent manner. These data further elucidate the mechanism of action of lenalidomide and dexamethasone in MM, and suggest that use of low-dose dexamethasone with lenalidomide may retain the antiproliferative effect of lenalidomide while permitting greater immunomodulatory effects of this combination regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Gandhi
- Celgene Corporation, Summit, New Jersey, USA, San Diego, California, USA.
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Capone L, Iughetti L, Sabatini S, Bacciaglia A, Forabosco A. The SHOX region and its mutations. J Endocrinol Invest 2010; 33:11-4. [PMID: 21057179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The short stature homeobox-containing (SHOX) gene lies in the pseudoautosomal region 1 (PAR1) that comprises 2.6 Mb of the short-arm tips of both the X and Y chromosomes. It is known that its heterozygous mutations cause Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis (LWD) (OMIM #127300), while its homozygous mutations cause a severe form of dwarfism known as Langer mesomelic dysplasia (LMD) (OMIM #249700). The analysis of 238 LWD patients between 1998 and 2007 by multiple authors shows a prevalence of deletions (46.4%) compared to point mutations (21.2%). On the whole, deletions and point mutations account for about 67% of LWD patients. SHOX is located within a 1000 kb desert region without genes. The comparative genomic analysis of this region between genomes of different vertebrates has led to the identification of evolutionarily conserved non-coding DNA elements (CNE). Further functional studies have shown that one of these CNE downstream of the SHOX gene is necessary for the expression of SHOX; this is considered to be typical "enhancer" activity. Including the enhancer, the overall mutation of the SHOX region in LWD patients does not hold in 100% of cases. Various authors have demonstrated the existence of other CNE both downstream and upstream of SHOX regions. The resulting conclusion is that it is necessary to reanalyze all LWD/LMD patients without SHOX mutations for the presence of mutations in the 5'- and 3'-flanking SHOX regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Capone
- Genomic Research Center, Cante di Montevecchio Association ONLUS, Fano, PU, Italy
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Gandhi AK, Kang J, Capone L, Parton A, Wu L, Zhang LH, Mendy D, Lopez-Girona A, Tran T, Sapinoso L, Fang W, Xu S, Hampton G, Bartlett JB, Schafer P. Dexamethasone Synergizes with Lenalidomide to Inhibit Multiple Myeloma Tumor Growth, But Reduces Lenalidomide-Induced Immunomodulation of T and NK Cell Function. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2010. [DOI: 10.2174/1568210200887980096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Schafer PH, Parton A, Gandhi AK, Capone L, Adams M, Wu L, Bartlett JB, Loveland MA, Gilhar A, Cheung YF, Baillie GS, Houslay MD, Man HW, Muller GW, Stirling DI. Apremilast, a cAMP phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, demonstrates anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in a model of psoriasis. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 159:842-55. [PMID: 20050849 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00559.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Apremilast is an orally administered phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, currently in phase 2 clinical studies of psoriasis and other chronic inflammatory diseases. The inhibitory effects of apremilast on pro-inflammatory responses of human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), polymorphonuclear cells, natural killer (NK) cells and epidermal keratinocytes were explored in vitro, and in a preclinical model of psoriasis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Apremilast was tested in vitro against endotoxin- and superantigen-stimulated PBMC, bacterial peptide and zymosan-stimulated polymorphonuclear cells, immunonoglobulin and cytokine-stimulated NK cells, and ultraviolet B light-activated keratinocytes. Apremilast was orally administered to beige-severe combined immunodeficient mice, xenotransplanted with normal human skin and triggered with human psoriatic NK cells. Epidermal skin thickness, proliferation index and inflammation markers were analysed. KEY RESULTS Apremilast inhibited PBMC production of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10, cytokines interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and interleukins (IL)-2, IL-12 and IL-23. Production of TNF-alpha by NK cells and keratinocytes was also inhibited. In vivo, apremilast significantly reduced epidermal thickness and proliferation, decreased the general histopathological appearance of psoriasiform features and reduced expression of TNF-alpha, human leukocyte antigen-DR and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the lesioned skin. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Apremilast displayed a broad pattern of anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of cell types and decreased the incidence and severity of a psoriasiform response in vivo. Inhibition of TNF-alpha, IL-12 and IL-23 production, as well as NK and keratinocyte responses by this phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor suggests a novel approach to the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Schafer
- Department of Drug Discovery, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ 07901, USA.
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30
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Bertorelli R, Capone L, Ambrosetti F, Garavelli L, Varriale L, Mazza V, Stanghellini I, Percesepe A, Forabosco A. The homozygous deletion of the 3′ enhancer of the SHOX gene causes Langer mesomelic dysplasia. Clin Genet 2007; 72:490-1. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2007.00875.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Stanghellini I, Bertorelli R, Capone L, Mazza V, Neri C, Percesepe A, Forabosco A. Quantitation of fetal DNA in maternal serum during the first trimester of pregnancy by the use of a DAZ repetitive probe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 12:587-91. [PMID: 16820404 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gal052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma or serum is at present widely investigated as a source of fetal genetic material, both in studies of pregnancy-related disorders and in planning strategies for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. Despite the number of trials already performed on the quantitation of fetal DNA, data about the amount of DNA at the beginning of pregnancy, in particular in the first trimester, remain limited. A new probe mapping on the deleted in azoospermia (DAZ) repetitive region of the Yq chromosome was designed for an early assessment of fetal DNA concentration in maternal serum. Among 57 pregnant women prospectively studied in their first trimester, fetal DNA was detected already by the 5th gestational week, with the analysis becoming reliable by the 8th week of gestation when a 100% accuracy in fetal sex determination was achieved. Moreover, in the three cases of pregnancy ending in fetal loss, the amount of fetal DNA apparently decreased before the abortion was diagnosed, whereas it consistently showed an increasing trend in normal pregnancies. Real-time PCR with the use of DAZ multilocus probe can efficiently quantitate free fetal DNA in the maternal serum at the beginning of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Stanghellini
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Modena, Modena, Italy
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32
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Capone L, Gentile R, Schoenhuber R. COMPARISON BETWEEN A QUANTITATIVE CLINICAL SCALE AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVALUATION IN CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2001. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8027.2000.00513-10.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Capone
- Department of Neurology –Regional Hospital 5 L.Boehler Str. – 39100 Bolzano
| | - R. Gentile
- Department of Neurology –Regional Hospital 5 L.Boehler Str. – 39100 Bolzano
| | - R. Schoenhuber
- Department of Neurology –Regional Hospital 5 L.Boehler Str. – 39100 Bolzano
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33
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Capone L, Pentore R, Lunazzi C, Schönhuber R. Pitfalls in using the ring finger test alone for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Ital J Neurol Sci 1998; 19:387-90. [PMID: 10935836 DOI: 10.1007/bf02341788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Latency differences (>0.5 ms) of median and ulnar sensory action potentials (mSAP and uSAP) at the wrist evoked by ring finger stimulation are considered a sensitive and specific test for diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). In this study, we aimed to assess the practical usefulness of the ring finger test (RFT) in routine electromyography (EMG) examinations. We investigated 2 series of patients: in the first prospective series we considered 300 hands affected by only mild CTS; in the second series we examined retrospectively the EMG charts of 961 hands affected only by CTS but not selected for severity or duration of symptoms. In the first series we found pathological RFT scores in 87% of cases, and pathological RFT or mSAP latency results in 92%. In the second series, pathological RFT scores were found only in 55% of cases, while in 20% where mSAP failed, a volume conducted uSAP had been erroneously interpreted as arising from the median nerve. RFT sensitivity tested in routine EMG examinations of unselected hands affected by CTS drops considerably. Fingers innervated by one only nerve, such as the index and the little fingers, must also be investigated to increase the diagnostic value of RFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Capone
- Department of Neurology, Regional General Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
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34
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Capone L. The home healthcare nurse: an interdependent practitioner. Home Healthc Nurse 1996; 14:320. [PMID: 8788687 DOI: 10.1097/00004045-199604000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Capone
- Nurses PRN, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Cecchi E, Capone L, Ruocco C, Fazzini A, Mugelli A, Giotti A, Failli P. Iloprost antagonizes the increase in internal calcium concentration induced by alpha-thrombin in human platelets: a study of desensitization. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1995; 9:773-7. [PMID: 8850381 DOI: 10.1007/bf00879870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We studied the interaction between the synthetic prostacyclin analog iloprost and the aggregating agent alpha-thrombin by measuring the internal calcium ion concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) of human fura-2-loaded platelets. Iloprost (0.003-100 micrograms/l) did not modify the resting calcium level; when added 2 minutes before exposure of the platelets to a submaximally active concentration of alpha-thrombin (10 U/l), iloprost dose-dependently antagonized the increase in [Ca(2+)]i. To evaluate if iloprost retained this antagonistic effect even after a prolonged contact, which is well known to cause a "desensitization" phenomenon, platelets were preincubated with iloprost (35 micrograms/l) for 3 hours. After washout, the effect of newly added iloprost (0.01-100 micrograms/l) on the alpha-thrombin-induced increase in [Ca(2+)]i was tested. Iloprost was still able to antagonize the increase in [Ca(2+)]i induced by alpha-thrombin in "desensitized" platelets; however, the dose-inhibitory response curve was significantly shifted to the right when compared with that obtained in control platelets (i.e., platelets preincubated for 3 hours with iloprost's solvent), and the resulting IC50 was significantly higher: 1.78 versus 0.2 micrograms/l (p < 0.001). Since the maximal inhibitory effect of iloprost could also be reached under these experimental conditions, we conclude that iloprost retains its ability to antagonize the increase in [Ca(2+)]i induced by alpha-thrombin in desensitized platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cecchi
- Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, M. Aiazzi Mancini Firenze, Italy
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