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Glass B, Bergman D, Parro V, Kobayashi L, Stoker C, Quinn R, Davila A, Willis P, Brinckerhoff W, Warren-Rhodes K, Wilhelm M, Caceres L, DiRuggiero J, Zacny K, Moreno-Paz M, Dave A, Seitz S, Grubisic A, Castillo M, Bonaccorsi R. The Atacama Rover Astrobiology Drilling Studies (ARADS) Project. Astrobiology 2023; 23:1245-1258. [PMID: 38054949 PMCID: PMC10750311 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2022.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
With advances in commercial space launch capabilities and reduced costs to orbit, humans may arrive on Mars within a decade. Both to preserve any signs of past (and extant) martian life and to protect the health of human crews (and Earth's biosphere), it will be necessary to assess the risk of cross-contamination on the surface, in blown dust, and into the near-subsurface (where exploration and resource-harvesting can be reasonably anticipated). Thus, evaluating for the presence of life and biosignatures may become a critical-path Mars exploration precursor in the not-so-far future, circa 2030. This Special Collection of papers from the Atacama Rover Astrobiology Drilling Studies (ARADS) project describes many of the scientific, technological, and operational issues associated with searching for and identifying biosignatures in an extreme hyperarid region in Chile's Atacama Desert, a well-studied terrestrial Mars analog environment. This paper provides an overview of the ARADS project and discusses in context the five other papers in the ARADS Special Collection, as well as prior ARADS project results.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Glass
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - D. Bergman
- Honeybee Robotics, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - V. Parro
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA, Torrejon de Ardoz, Spain
| | - L. Kobayashi
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - C. Stoker
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - R. Quinn
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - A. Davila
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - P. Willis
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, USA
| | | | - K. Warren-Rhodes
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
- SETI Institute, Carl Sagan Center, Mountain View, California, USA
| | - M.B. Wilhelm
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - L. Caceres
- University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | - K. Zacny
- Honeybee Robotics, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - M. Moreno-Paz
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA, Torrejon de Ardoz, Spain
| | - A. Dave
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - S. Seitz
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - A. Grubisic
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
| | - M. Castillo
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
| | - R. Bonaccorsi
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
- SETI Institute, Carl Sagan Center, Mountain View, California, USA
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Gross A, Kobayashi L, Jones RN. CROSS-NATIONAL HARMONIZATION OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION: THE HRS AND INTERNATIONAL SISTER STUDIES. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Gross
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - L Kobayashi
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - R N Jones
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Department of Neurology, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
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Ohi T, Hayashi S, Kurokawa T, Kobayashi L, Ueda N. Clinical significance of alternating skew deviation as the diagnostic sign for the brainstem or cerebellar lesion. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zhang X, Kobayashi L, Bermudez A, Reddy P, Sarpatwari R, Jay G, Baruch J. 147 Collaborative, Multi-Disciplinary Design and Testing of a Portable Procedural Surface for Use in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.07.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhang X, Kobayashi L, Berger M, Reddy P, Milson E, Jay G, Baruch J. 53 Objective Assessment and Thematic Categorization of Patient-Audible Information in an Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kobayashi L, Coimbra R. Planned re-laparotomy and the need for optimization of physiology and immunology. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2014; 40:135-42. [PMID: 26815893 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-014-0396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Planned re-laparotomy or damage control laparotomy (DCL), first described by Dr. Harlan Stone in 1983, has become a widely utilized technique in a broad range of patients and operative situations. Studies have validated the use of DCL by demonstrating decreased mortality and morbidity in trauma, general surgery and abdominal vascular catastrophes. Indications for planned re-laparotomy include severe physiologic derangements, coagulopathy, concern for bowel ischemia, and abdominal compartment syndrome. The immunology of DCL patients is not well described in humans, but promising animal studies suggest a benefit from the open abdomen (OA) and several human trials on this subject are currently underway. Optimal critical care of patients with OA's, including sedation, paralysis, nutrition, antimicrobial and fluid management strategies have been associated with improved closure rates and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kobayashi
- Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, 200 W. Arbor Dr. #8896, San Diego, CA, 92103-8896, USA.
| | - R Coimbra
- Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, 200 W. Arbor Dr. #8896, San Diego, CA, 92103-8896, USA.
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Kobayashi L, Sweeney L, Cousins A, Bertsch K, Gardiner F, Tomaselli N, Boss R, Gibbs F, Jay G. 33: Emergency Department Personnel Perception of Their Role In Patient Experience. Ann Emerg Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nazarenko I, Kobayashi L, Giles J, Fishman C, Chen G, Lorincz A. A novel method of HPV genotyping using Hybrid Capture sample preparation method combined with GP5+/6+ PCR and multiplex detection on Luminex XMAP. J Virol Methods 2008; 154:76-81. [PMID: 18835300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel DNA detection assay comprising Hybrid Capture sample preparation, GP5+/6+ PCR with modifications and Luminex 100 detection was developed and applied to genotyping of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical samples. Target-specific sample preparation was performed using magnetic beads conjugated with Hybrid Capture (HC) antibody. DNA-RNA hybrids were formed between DNA target and RNA probes and captured on HC-beads. DNA on magnetic beads was amplified without elution using consensus GP5+/6+ PCR and then genotyped on Luminex beads using hybridization probes for the 17 high-risk HPV types 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 82 and an internal control. This new sequence-specific Hybrid Capture sample preparation is fast, efficient and allows direct HPV genotyping by PCR. Compared to traditional non-sequence-specific sample preparation methods, HC sample preparation demonstrated slightly better detection of multiple HPV infections. The clinical utility of this method was demonstrated on cervical samples positive for HR HPV by the Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2) screening assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nazarenko
- QIAGEN Gaithersburg, Inc., 1201 Clopper Road, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
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Dunbar J, Sheahan B, Kobayashi L. 136: Hospital Code-Cart Equipment Quality Improvement in Response to Simulated Resuscitation Program Findings. Ann Emerg Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gutman D, Ragsdale L, Becker B, Kobayashi L. High-fidelity Medical Simulation for Geriatric Emergency Medicine Training. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kobayashi L. Integration of Ultrasound Simulation (U/SS) into Advanced Medical Simulation for Emergency Medicine Resident Training. Acad Emerg Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2006.03.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Kobayashi L. Curriculum in Simulated Pitfalls of Overdose Toxicology (C-SPOT) for Emergency Medicine Resident Training. Acad Emerg Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2006.03.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Kobayashi L. Transportable Enhanced Simulation Technologies for Pre-Implementation Limited Operations Testing (TESTPILOT) Program in New Emergency Departments. Acad Emerg Med 2005. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2005.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kobayashi L. Creating a MESS (Multiple Encounter Simulation Scenario) for Medical Error Reduction and Enhanced Medical Education. Acad Emerg Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2004.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Dalziel M, Lemaire S, Ewing J, Kobayashi L, Lau JT. Hepatic acute phase induction of murine beta-galactoside alpha 2,6 sialyltransferase (ST6Gal I) is IL-6 dependent and mediated by elevation of exon H-containing class of transcripts. Glycobiology 1999; 9:1003-8. [PMID: 10521536 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/9.10.1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic expression of CMP-NeuAc:Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc alpha 2,6-sialyltransferase (ST6Gal I) is induced as part of the acute phase response in mammals by mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Previous work suggests that murine liver ST6Gal I mRNA contains an additional and novel region that is not found on ST6Gal I mRNA from human HepG2 hepatoma cells and from rat liver. This novel region, residing 5' of the common Exon I sequence, is encoded by a discrete upstream exon, Exon H. Here we provide evidence that the Exon H-containing transcript is the murine counterpart of the human and rat ST6Gal I mRNAs transcribed from the hepatic-specific promoter, P1. Exon H-containing ST6Gal I mRNA is expressed in all three mice strains examined: balb/c, C57B46, and 129Sv. Furthermore, murine RNA tissue survey indicates that presence of Exon H-containing transcripts is restricted to the liver. When mice are subjected to subcutaneous injection of turpentine to elicit the hepatic acute phase response, greater than 4-fold elevation in liver ST6Gal I mRNA was observed. Consistent with the view that Exon H-containing transcripts is regulated by the murine P1 promoter, 5'-RACE analysis indicates that the majority of these transcripts contains the Exon H sequence. This is consistent with the view that Exon H-containing transcripts are regulated by the murine P1 region. To assess the mechanism of ST6Gal I response in the hepatic acute phase reaction, mice harboring lesions in both alleles of the IL-6 gene were examined. IL-6(-/-) animals expressed normal levels of ST6Gal I mRNA in liver, with Exon H-containing transcripts remaining the predominant mRNA isoform. However, hepatic ST6Gal I is not elevated upon turpentine injection in the IL-6(-/-) animals. These results indicate that ST6Gal I induction in mouse liver during the acute phase reaction is mediated predominantly by the IL-6 pathway, and results in the induction of the Exon H-containing class of ST6Gal I mRNA that is specific to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dalziel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Murray I, Wilcock A, Kobayashi L. Obstetrical patient satisfaction. J Health Care Mark 1997; 16:54-7. [PMID: 10163062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Abstract
The North American literature on obstetric patient satisfaction of the past 25 years was reviewed using two major computerized databases. The articles identified by these searches were supplemented with other research articles identified in reference lists. The review highlights the difficulties inherent in the use of many different methodologies to study obstetric patient satisfaction. The main methodologies have been mailed questionnaires, telephone interviews, and semistructured interviews, with data collection periods ranging from 24 hours to 2 years postpartum. The various approaches to data collection make comparison of results among studies exceedingly difficult. The reluctance of patients to criticize their caregivers has been problematic and is evidenced by satisfaction ratings that are positively skewed. Factors that have been reported to be most influential in obstetric patient satisfaction include communication, control, participation in decision making, presence of a support person, information/prenatal classes, nursing care services, length of stay, and physical environment. The relative importance of these factors, however, has not been ascertained.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilcock
- Department of Consumer Studies, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Gady J, Boyan S, Jayaraman M, Kelly M, Kobayashi L, Lee P, Lynch T, Minter M, Spooner AM, Taylor J. HIV risk: no impact on medical student specialty choice. R I Med 1995; 78:293-294. [PMID: 8541618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Gady
- Brown University School of Medicine, USA
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