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Stamou MI, Plummer L, Koika V, Galli-Tsinopoulou A, Georgopoulos NA. A novel FGF8 mutation in a female patient with isolated congenital anosmia. Hormones (Athens) 2019; 18:241-244. [PMID: 31087283 PMCID: PMC8832634 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-019-00108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M I Stamou
- Harvard Reproductive Science Center, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece.
| | - L Plummer
- Harvard Reproductive Science Center, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V Koika
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - A Galli-Tsinopoulou
- 4th Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - N A Georgopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
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Stamou MI, Varnavas P, Plummer L, Koika V, Georgopoulos NA. Next-generation sequencing refines the genetic architecture of Greek GnRH-deficient patients. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:468-480. [PMID: 30921766 PMCID: PMC6479194 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency (IGD) is a rare disease with a wide spectrum of reproductive and non-reproductive clinical characteristics. Apart from the phenotypic heterogeneity, IGD is also highly genetically heterogeneous with >35 genes implicated in the disease. Despite this genetic heterogeneity, genetic enrichment in specific subpopulations has been described. We have previously described low prevalence of genetic variation in the Greek IGD cohort discovered with utilization of Sanger sequencing in 14 known IGD genes. Here, we describe the expansion of genetic screening in the largest IGD Greek cohort that has ever been studied with the usage of whole-exome sequencing, searching for rare sequencing variants (RSVs) in 37 known IGD genes. Even though Sanger sequencing detected genetic variation in 21/81 IGD patients in 7/14 IGD genes without any evidence of oligogenicity, whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed that 27/87 IGD patients carried a rare genetic change in a total of 15 genes with 4 IGD cases being oligogenic. Our findings suggest that next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques can discover previously undetected variation, making them the standardized method for screening patients with rare and/or more common disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Stamou
- Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
- Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - P Varnavas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - L Plummer
- Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - V Koika
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - N A Georgopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Regional Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
- Correspondence should be addressed to N A Georgopoulos:
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Stamou MI, Plummer L, Galli-Tsinopoulou A, Stergidou D, Koika V, Georgopoulos NA. Unilateral renal agenesis as an early marker for genetic screening in Kallmann syndrome. Hormones (Athens) 2019; 18:103-105. [PMID: 30255480 PMCID: PMC6433544 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-018-0061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Isolated GnRH Deficiency (IGD) that is either displayed as Kallmann Syndrome (KS) or normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH) is a rare Mendelian disorder with wide clinical and genetic variability. Apart from the arrest of pubertal development, IGD is also characterized by a variety of non- reproductive features including unilateral renal agenesis (URA), midline defects, dental & ocular defects and many more. In this analysis we explored the role of unilateral renal agenesis, as a screening tool for detection of genetic changes associated with IGD. We performed detailed genetic screening with Sanger sequencing in 14 genes associated with Isolated GnRH Deficiency as well as screening of intragenic deletions in the gene of anosmin 1-ANOS1 with MLPA. No genetic variation was detected, suggestive of an alternative genetic cause for URA in these normosmic patients, highlighting the necessity of further genetic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Stamou
- Harvard Reproductive Endocrine Sciences Center and the Reproductive Endocrine Unit of the Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece.
- Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - L Plummer
- Harvard Reproductive Endocrine Sciences Center and the Reproductive Endocrine Unit of the Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Galli-Tsinopoulou
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D Stergidou
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - V Koika
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - N A Georgopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
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Stamou MI, Varnavas P, Kentrou M, Adamidou F, Voutetakis A, Jing J, Plummer L, Koika V, Georgopoulos NA. Isolated GNRH deficiency: genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of the genetically heterogeneous Greek population. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176:L1-L5. [PMID: 27884859 PMCID: PMC5881574 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M I Stamou
- Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, and Reproductive Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, University Hospital, Rion, Patras, Achaia, Greece
| | - P Varnavas
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, University Hospital, Rion, Patras, Achaia, Greece
| | - M Kentrou
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, University Hospital, Rion, Patras, Achaia, Greece
| | - F Adamidou
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, General Hospital Ippokratio, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Voutetakis
- First Department of Pediatrics, Athens University, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - J Jing
- Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, and Reproductive Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L Plummer
- Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, and Reproductive Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - V Koika
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, University Hospital, Rion, Patras, Achaia, Greece
| | - N A Georgopoulos
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, University Hospital, Rion, Patras, Achaia, Greece
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Salian-Mehta S, Xu M, Knox AJ, Plummer L, Slavov D, Taylor M, Bevers S, Hodges RS, Crowley WF, Wierman ME. Functional consequences of AXL sequence variants in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:1452-60. [PMID: 24476074 PMCID: PMC3973777 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-3426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prior studies showed that Axl /Tyro3 null mice have delayed first estrus and abnormal cyclicity due to developmental defects in GnRH neuron migration and survival. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to test whether the absence of Axl would alter reproductive function in mice and that mutations in AXL are present in patients with Kallmann syndrome (KS) or normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). DESIGN AND SETTING The sexual maturation of Axl null mice was examined. The coding region of AXL was sequenced in 104 unrelated, carefully phenotyped KS or nIHH subjects. Frequency of mutations was compared with other causes of GnRH deficiency. Functional assays were performed on the detected mutations. RESULTS Axl null mice demonstrated delay in first estrus and the interval between vaginal opening and first estrus. Three missense AXL mutations (p.L50F, p.S202C, and p.Q361P) and one intronic variant 6 bp upstream from the start of exon 5 (c.586-6 C>T) were identified in two KS and 2 two nIHH subjects. Comparison of the frequencies of AXL mutations with other putative causes of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism confirmed they are rare variants. Testing of the c.586-6 C>T mutation revealed no abnormal splicing. Surface plasmon resonance analysis of the p.L50F, p.S202C, and p.Q361P mutations showed no altered Gas6 ligand binding. In contrast, GT1-7 GnRH neuronal cells expressing p.S202C or p.Q361P demonstrated defective ligand dependent receptor processing and importantly aberrant neuronal migration. In addition, the p.Q361P showed defective ligand independent chemotaxis. CONCLUSIONS Functional consequences of AXL sequence variants in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism support the importance of AXL and the Tyro3, Axl, Mer (TAM) family in reproductive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Salian-Mehta
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes (S.S.-M., M.X., A.J.K., M.E.W.), Division of Cardiology (D.S., M.T.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (S.B., R.S.H.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045; Veterans Affairs Research Service (M.E.W.), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80220; and Harvard Reproductive Endocrine Science Center and the Reproductive Endocrine Unit (L.P., W.F.C.), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
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Wilson DW, Aung HH, Lame MW, Plummer L, Pinkerton KE, Ham W, Kleeman M, Norris JW, Tablin F. Exposure of mice to concentrated ambient particulate matter results in platelet and systemic cytokine activation. Inhal Toxicol 2010; 22:267-76. [DOI: 10.3109/08958370903278069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Abstract
Turning patients who are immobile is usually undertaken expressly to prevent pressure sores. Here the authors highlight some of the other factors that need to be taken into account when nursing dependent and/or immobile patients.
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Plummer L, Potterat JJ, Muth SQ, Muth JB, Darrow WW. Providing support and assistance for low-income or homeless women. JAMA 1996; 276:1874-5. [PMID: 8968006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Plummer L. Risk reduction strategies for agency nurse programs. J Healthc Risk Manag 1994; 13:3-8. [PMID: 10126858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Plummer
- Mississippi Casualty Insurance Program, Jackson
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