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Keens T, Hoffman V, Topuria I, Elder K, Cerf S, Mulder K, Roberts J, Lysinger J, Del Carmen Reyes M, Berdella M, Cairns AM, Jain M, Ganapathy V, Lou Y, Morcos B, Wu C, Sass L. Real-world effectiveness of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on the burden of illness in adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28508. [PMID: 38586424 PMCID: PMC10998118 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) has been shown to be safe and efficacious in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) aged ≥2 years. Here, we describe results from an observational study assessing change in burden of illness following initiating ELX/TEZ/IVA in real-world settings. Methods This US-based, multicenter, observational study used data from electronic medical records to evaluate real-world burden of illness before and after ELX/TEZ/IVA initiation in people with CF aged ≥12 years heterozygous for F508del and a minimal function mutation (F/MF) or an uncharacterized CFTR mutation. Endpoints included absolute change from baseline in percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (ppFEV1), body mass index (BMI) and BMI-for-age z-score, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and numbers of pulmonary exacerbations (PEx). Results Overall, 206 people with CF were enrolled (mean [SD] age 22.5 [11.1] years; 192 [93.2%] with F/MF genotype). Mean follow-up was 15.6 (SD, 1.6) months. Improvements in ppFEV1 (7.3 [95% CI: 5.7, 8.8] percentage points) were observed from baseline through follow-up. Increases in BMI (1.40 [95% CI: 1.07, 1.77] kg/m2) and BMI-for-age z-score (0.14 [95% CI: 0.00, 0.28]) were also observed from baseline at 12 months. The estimated annualized rate of any PEx was 1.31 at baseline and 0.61 over follow-up (rate ratio 0.47 [95% CI: 0.39, 0.55]), with annualized rates of PEx requiring antibiotics and hospitalizations of 0.55 and 0.88 in the baseline period and 0.12 and 0.36 over follow-up (rate ratios 0.22 [95% CI: 0.15, 0.31] and 0.41 [95% CI: 0.32, 0.51]), respectively. Absolute change in HbA1c was -0.22 (95% CI: -0.38, -0.06) from baseline through follow-up. Conclusions ELX/TEZ/IVA treatment was associated with improved lung function, increased BMI, reduced frequency of PEx, and improved (i.e., reduced) HbA1c. These results confirm the broad clinical benefits of ELX/TEZ/IVA seen in clinical trials and show the potential for ELX/TEZ/IVA to improve markers of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Keens
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jon Roberts
- Driscoll Children's Hospital, Corpus Christi, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Manu Jain
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Yiyue Lou
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bassem Morcos
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chuntao Wu
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Sass
- Children's Hospital of The King's Daughter, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - for the VX19-CFD-003 Study Group
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- OM1 Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA
- Driscoll Children's Hospital, Corpus Christi, TX, USA
- Billings Clinic Hospital, Billings, MT, USA
- Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
- Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA
- Children's Hospital of The King's Daughter, Norfolk, VA, USA
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Auvil D, Shomaker K, Bleznak J, Smith L, Sass L. Not Always Sepsis: A Febrile Neonate With a Persistent Cough. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2023; 62:1607-1611. [PMID: 36999808 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231165656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daley Auvil
- Capt, United States Air Force, MC
- Department of Pediatrics, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA, USA
| | - Kyrie Shomaker
- Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | | | - Lauren Smith
- Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Laura Sass
- Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
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Hong E, Parsons SM, Sass L, Epstein C, Chan L, Brown C, Eshaghian PH, Beringer PM. Preliminary evidence for sustained efficacy of CFTR modulator therapy with concomitant rifabutin administration. J Cyst Fibros 2023:S1569-1993(23)01721-6. [PMID: 38036321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The concomitant use of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) and strong CYP3A inducers including rifampin and rifabutin is not recommended due to the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDI). This presents a significant challenge to the treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacteria precluding the first line treatment. While rifabutin induces CYP3A activity, its effect appears to be moderate compared to rifampin. In this study, we investigated three cases in which concomitant use of rifabutin and CFTR modulators (ETI or ivacaftor monotherapy) was used, and these cases suggest that addition of rifabutin did not compromise the efficacy of ETI or ivacaftor as evidenced by pulmonary function and sweat chloride testing. A full physiologically based pharmacokinetic model predicted lung concentrations of ETI upon rifabutin coadministration to exceed the half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) determined from chloride transport in phe508del human bronchial epithelial cells. This study provides preliminary evidence in support of the use of rifabutin in patients receiving ETI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Hong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States; College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - Sarah M Parsons
- Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, 601 Children's Ln, Norfolk, VA 23507, United States
| | - Laura Sass
- Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, 601 Children's Ln, Norfolk, VA 23507, United States
| | - Cynthia Epstein
- Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, 601 Children's Ln, Norfolk, VA 23507, United States
| | - Lynn Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, University of California Los Angeles, 757 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Claire Brown
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Los Angeles, 757 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Patricia H Eshaghian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 1260 15(th) St #600, Santa Monica, CA 90404, United States
| | - Paul M Beringer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States; USC Anton Yelchin CF Clinic, 1510 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States.
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García-Girón J, Heino J, Baastrup-Spohr L, Bove CP, Clayton J, de Winton M, Feldmann T, Fernández-Aláez M, Ecke F, Grillas P, Hoyer MV, Kolada A, Kosten S, Lukács BA, Mjelde M, Mormul RP, Rhazi L, Rhazi M, Sass L, Xu J, Alahuhta J. Global patterns and determinants of lake macrophyte taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic beta diversity. Sci Total Environ 2020; 723:138021. [PMID: 32213415 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Documenting the patterns of biological diversity on Earth has always been a central challenge in macroecology and biogeography. However, for the diverse group of freshwater plants, such research program is still in its infancy. Here, we examined global variation in taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic beta diversity patterns of lake macrophytes using regional data from six continents. A data set of ca. 480 lake macrophyte community observations, together with climatic, geographical and environmental variables, was compiled across 16 regions worldwide. We (a) built the very first phylogeny comprising most freshwater plant lineages; (b) exploited a wide array of functional traits that are important to macrophyte autoecology or that relate to lake ecosystem functioning; (c) assessed if different large-scale beta diversity patterns show a clear latitudinal gradient from the equator to the poles using null models; and (d) employed evolutionary and regression models to first identify the degree to which the studied functional traits show a phylogenetic signal, and then to estimate community-environment relationships at multiple spatial scales. Our results supported the notion that ecological niches evolved independently of phylogeny in macrophyte lineages worldwide. We also showed that taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity followed the typical global trend with higher diversity in the tropics. In addition, we were able to confirm that species, multi-trait and lineage compositions were first and foremost structured by climatic conditions at relatively broad spatial scales. Perhaps more importantly, we showed that large-scale processes along latitudinal and elevational gradients have left a strong footprint in the current diversity patterns and community-environment relationships in lake macrophytes. Overall, our results stress the need for an integrative approach to macroecology, biogeography and conservation biology, combining multiple diversity facets at different spatial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge García-Girón
- Ecology Unit, University of León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Jani Heino
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, P.O. Box 413, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Lars Baastrup-Spohr
- Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| | - Claudia P Bove
- Departamento de Botânica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20940-040, Brazil
| | - John Clayton
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited, P.O. Box 11115, Hamilton, New Zealand.
| | - Mary de Winton
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited, P.O. Box 11115, Hamilton, New Zealand.
| | - Tõnu Feldmann
- Centre for Limnology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 61117 Rannu, Tartumaa, Estonia.
| | | | - Frauke Ecke
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 901 83 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Patrick Grillas
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France.
| | - Mark V Hoyer
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Services, University of Florida, 7922 NW 71st Street, Gainesville, FL 32609, USA.
| | - Agnieszka Kolada
- Department of Freshwater Protection, Institute of Environmental Protection-National Research Institute, Krucza 5/11D, 00-548 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sarian Kosten
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Balázs A Lukács
- Department of Tisza River Research, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, DRI, Bem tér 18/C, Debrecen 4026, Hungary.
| | - Marit Mjelde
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Roger P Mormul
- Department of Biology, Research Group in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture-Nupélia, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Bloco H90, CEP-87020-900 Mringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Laila Rhazi
- Research Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnologies, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 avenue Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mouhssine Rhazi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Moulay Ismail University, PB 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Laura Sass
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Janne Alahuhta
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, P.O. Box 413, 90014 Oulu, Finland; Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
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Iversen LL, Winkel A, Baastrup-Spohr L, Hinke AB, Alahuhta J, Baattrup-Pedersen A, Birk S, Brodersen P, Chambers PA, Ecke F, Feldmann T, Gebler D, Heino J, Jespersen TS, Moe SJ, Riis T, Sass L, Vestergaard O, Maberly SC, Sand-Jensen K, Pedersen O. Catchment properties and the photosynthetic trait composition of freshwater plant communities. Science 2019; 366:878-881. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aay5945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Unlike in land plants, photosynthesis in many aquatic plants relies on bicarbonate in addition to carbon dioxide (CO2) to compensate for the low diffusivity and potential depletion of CO2 in water. Concentrations of bicarbonate and CO2 vary greatly with catchment geology. In this study, we investigate whether there is a link between these concentrations and the frequency of freshwater plants possessing the bicarbonate use trait. We show, globally, that the frequency of plant species with this trait increases with bicarbonate concentration. Regionally, however, the frequency of bicarbonate use is reduced at sites where the CO2 concentration is substantially above the air equilibrium, consistent with this trait being an adaptation to carbon limitation. Future anthropogenic changes of bicarbonate and CO2 concentrations may alter the species compositions of freshwater plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. L. Iversen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - A. Winkel
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L. Baastrup-Spohr
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. B. Hinke
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. Alahuhta
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - S. Birk
- Aquatic Ecology, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - P. Brodersen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P. A. Chambers
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - F. Ecke
- Department of Wildlife, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - T. Feldmann
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - D. Gebler
- Department of Ecology and Environment, Poznán University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - J. Heino
- Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T. S. Jespersen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. J. Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - T. Riis
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - L. Sass
- Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA
| | | | - S. C. Maberly
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bailrigg, Lancaster, UK
| | - K. Sand-Jensen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - O. Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Alahuhta J, Lindholm M, Bove CP, Chappuis E, Clayton J, de Winton M, Feldmann T, Ecke F, Gacia E, Grillas P, Hoyer MV, Johnson LB, Kolada A, Kosten S, Lauridsen T, Lukács BA, Mjelde M, Mormul RP, Rhazi L, Rhazi M, Sass L, Søndergaard M, Xu J, Heino J. Global patterns in the metacommunity structuring of lake macrophytes: regional variations and driving factors. Oecologia 2018; 188:1167-1182. [PMID: 30374676 PMCID: PMC6244864 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We studied community-environment relationships of lake macrophytes at two metacommunity scales using data from 16 regions across the world. More specifically, we examined (a) whether the lake macrophyte communities respond similar to key local environmental factors, major climate variables and lake spatial locations in each of the regions (i.e., within-region approach) and (b) how well can explained variability in the community-environment relationships across multiple lake macrophyte metacommunities be accounted for by elevation range, spatial extent, latitude, longitude, and age of the oldest lake within each metacommunity (i.e., across-region approach). In the within-region approach, we employed partial redundancy analyses together with variation partitioning to investigate the relative importance of local variables, climate variables, and spatial location on lake macrophytes among the study regions. In the across-region approach, we used adjusted R2 values of the variation partitioning to model the community-environment relationships across multiple metacommunities using linear regression and commonality analysis. We found that niche filtering related to local lake-level environmental conditions was the dominant force structuring macrophytes within metacommunities. However, our results also revealed that elevation range associated with climate (increasing temperature amplitude affecting macrophytes) and spatial location (likely due to dispersal limitation) was important for macrophytes based on the findings of the across-metacommunities analysis. These findings suggest that different determinants influence macrophyte metacommunities within different regions, thus showing context dependency. Moreover, our study emphasized that the use of a single metacommunity scale gives incomplete information on the environmental features explaining variation in macrophyte communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Alahuhta
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, P.O. Box 413, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Marja Lindholm
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Claudia P Bove
- Departamento de Botânica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, 20940‒040, Brazil
| | - Eglantine Chappuis
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/accés a la Cala St. Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - John Clayton
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited, P.O. Box 11115, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Mary de Winton
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited, P.O. Box 11115, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Tõnu Feldmann
- Centre for Limnology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 61117, Rannu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Frauke Ecke
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7050, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Esperança Gacia
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/accés a la Cala St. Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - Patrick Grillas
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean wetlands, Le Sambuc, 13200, Arles, France
| | - Mark V Hoyer
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Services, University of Florida, 7922 NW 71st Street, Gainesville, FL, 32609, USA
| | - Lucinda B Johnson
- Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN, 55811, USA
| | - Agnieszka Kolada
- Department of Freshwater Protection, Institute of Environmental Protection‒National Research Institute, Krucza 5/11D, 00-548, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sarian Kosten
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Torben Lauridsen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Balázs A Lukács
- Department of Tisza River Research, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Bem tér 18/C, Debrecen, 4026, Hungary
| | - Marit Mjelde
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roger P Mormul
- Department of Biology, Research Group in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture-Nupélia, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Bloco H90, CEP-87020-900, Mringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Laila Rhazi
- Laboratory of Botany, Mycology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 avenue Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mouhssine Rhazi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Moulay Ismail University, PB 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Laura Sass
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Martin Søndergaard
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jani Heino
- Finnish Environment Institute, Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 413, 90014, Oulu, Finland
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Sass L, Karlowicz MG. Healthcare-Associated Infections in the Neonate. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 2018. [PMCID: PMC7152335 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-40181-4.00094-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Sass L, Urhoj SK, Kjærgaard J, Dreier JW, Strandberg-Larsen K, Nybo Andersen AM. Fever in pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations: a cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017; 17:413. [PMID: 29221468 PMCID: PMC5723098 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-017-1585-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In a variety of animal species, hyperthermia in pregnancy has been recognized as teratogenic. Hyperthermia interferes with protein synthesis via heat-shock proteins, which can entail membrane disruption, cell death, vascular disruption, and placental infarction. This can induce severe fetal malformations or death. Fever during pregnancy, especially during embryogenesis, has also been associated with congenital malformations in human offspring. The purpose of this large cohort study of clinically recognized pregnancies was to investigate whether fever during first trimester was associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations in the offspring. Methods The Danish National Birth Cohort is a population-based cohort of 100,418 pregnant women and their offspring recruited in 1996 to 2002. Information on fever during pregnancy was collected prospectively by means of two telephone interviews. The study population comprised the 77,344 pregnancies enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort where self-reported information on fever during first trimester of pregnancy was available. Pregnancy outcomes were identified through linkage with the National Patient Registry. Congenital malformations within the first three and a half years of life were categorized according to EUROCAT’s classification criteria. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between fever in first trimester and overall congenital malformations and congenital malformations by subgroups. Results Eight thousand three hundred twenty-one women reported fever during first trimester (10.8%) and 2876 infants were diagnosed with a congenital malformation (3.7%). Fever during first trimester did not affect the risk of overall fetal congenital malformation (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.88–1.12). The subgroup analyses indicated slightly higher risk of congenital anomalies in the eye, ear, face and neck (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.78–2.12) and in the genitals (OR 1.17, 95% CI 0.79–1.12), whereas lower risk of malformations in the nervous system (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.21–1.08), the respiratory system (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.23–1.29) and in the urinary subgroup (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.35–0.99) was suggested, the latter constituting the only statistically significant finding. Conclusions Overall, this study did not show any association between maternal fever in pregnancy and risk of congenital anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sass
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Box 2099, 1014, København K, Denmark. .,, Ulsevej 43, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - S K Urhoj
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Box 2099, 1014, København K, Denmark
| | - J Kjærgaard
- Child and Adolescent Health Clinic, Juliane Marie Center, Research Unit for Women's and Children's Health, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - J W Dreier
- Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Fuglesangs Allé 4, DK-8210, Aarhus V, Denmark
| | - K Strandberg-Larsen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Box 2099, 1014, København K, Denmark
| | - A-M Nybo Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Box 2099, 1014, København K, Denmark
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Alahuhta J, Ecke F, Johnson LB, Sass L, Heino J. A comparative analysis reveals little evidence for niche conservatism in aquatic macrophytes among four areas on two continents. OIKOS 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.03154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Janne Alahuhta
- Dept of Geography; Univ. of Oulu; PO Box 3000 FI-90014 University of Oulu Finland
- Finnish Environment Inst.; Freshwater Centre; Oulu Finland
| | - Frauke Ecke
- Dept of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment; Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Lucinda B. Johnson
- Natural Resources Research Inst.; Univ. of Minnesota Duluth; Duluth MN USA
| | - Laura Sass
- Prairie Research Inst., Illinois Natural History Survey; Univ. of Illinois; Champaign IL USA
| | - Jani Heino
- Finnish Environment Inst.; Natural Environment Centre; Biodiversity Oulu Finland
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sass
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Specialty Group, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
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11
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Abstract
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) treats the presence of bizarre delusions (BD) as the heaviest-weighted clinical criterion of schizophrenia. Although BD play a major role in contemporary diagnostic systems, only a few empirical studies explore this issue. These studies provide highly heterogenous results because they are based on different experimental paradigms, in terms of definition, clinical sample, and number of raters. Here, we first discuss the psychopathological sources of the concept of BD, which were initially described as either nonsensical or incomprehensible. Then, we provide a critical review of contemporary studies on the reliability of BD and their methodological and conceptual limitations. Current approaches have focused intensely on BD's reliability and have defined BD strictly in terms of delusional content--mainly in terms of the physical impossibility or the cultural or historical incomprehensibility of the delusional claims. These approaches have neglected formal features of experience that underlie BD and the crucial issue of the nature and validity of BD. In the discussion, we argue that clinical diagnosis of BD cannot be limited to delusional contents alone and requires taking into account the subjective side of BD (how altered experience manifests itself) as well as the conditions of intersubjective encounter (how BD are expressed to and experienced by the clinician). The notion of "bizarreness" in schizophrenia is not purely theoretical; it has practical relevance for the therapeutic encounter and implications on further empirical research and on diagnostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Cermolacce
- University Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of Sainte Marguerite, University of Marseilles, Marseilles, France,Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives de la Méditerranée, CNRS, Marseilles, France,Danish National Research Foundation, Center for Subjectivity Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark,To whom correspondence should be addressed; tel: +334 91 746 750, fax: +334 91 745 578, e-mail:
| | - L. Sass
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
| | - J. Parnas
- Danish National Research Foundation, Center for Subjectivity Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark,University Psychiatric Center, Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Abstract
Anhedonia - the inability to experience pleasure - is a symptom of several psychiatric disorders such as depression, drug and alcohol dependence, but also schizophrenia. The concept of anhedonia played a major role in psychiatric and psychoanalytic explanations of psychotic behavior. The relationship between notions of anhedonia and of mental evolution and regression (in the work of Myerson and Bleuler) is discussed. The non-evolutionist views of Rado and Meehl are described. Then the concept of anhedonia is discussed in relationship to the phenomenological approach of Sass and Parnas, who view anhedonia as one manifestation of a self-disturbance or self-disorder that is fundamental in schizophrenia. Concerning treatment of anhedonia, it was often hypothesized that anhedonia is associated with a dysfunction of the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward system. However, studies in humans and non-human animal models indicate that dysfunction of central dopaminergic neurotransmission interferes with the process of motivation rather than with the ability to experience pleasure; the latter may be more mediated by the opioidergic and serotonergic neurotransmission. Understanding the neurobiological correlates of motivation and pleasure may provide new options to treat anhedonia in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Charité-Mitte (CCM), Berlin, Germany.
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13
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14
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Oberschall A, Deák M, Török K, Sass L, Vass I, Kovács I, Fehér A, Dudits D, Horváth GV. A novel aldose/aldehyde reductase protects transgenic plants against lipid peroxidation under chemical and drought stresses. Plant J 2000; 24:437-46. [PMID: 11115125 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00885.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rapid accumulation of toxic products from reactions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with lipids and proteins significantly contributes to the damage of crop plants under biotic and abiotic stresses. Here we have identified a stress-activated alfalfa gene encoding a novel plant NADPH-dependent aldose/aldehyde reductase that also exhibited characteristics of the homologous human enzyme. The recombinant alfalfa enzyme is active on 4-hydroxynon-2-enal, a known cytotoxic lipid peroxide degradation product. Ectopic synthesis of this enzyme in transgenic tobacco plants provided considerable tolerance against oxidative damage caused by paraquat and heavy metal treatment. These transformants could also resist a long period of water deficiency and exhibited improved recovery after rehydration. We found a reduced production of lipid peroxidation-derived reactive aldehydes in these transformed plants under different stresses. These studies reveal a new and efficient detoxification pathway in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oberschall
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, PO Box 521, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary
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15
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Oberschall A, Deák M, Török K, Sass L, Vass I, Kovács I, Fehér A, Dudits D, Horváth GV. A novel aldose/aldehyde reductase protects transgenic plants against lipid peroxidation under chemical and drought stresses. Plant J 2000. [PMID: 11115125 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2000.00885.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rapid accumulation of toxic products from reactions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with lipids and proteins significantly contributes to the damage of crop plants under biotic and abiotic stresses. Here we have identified a stress-activated alfalfa gene encoding a novel plant NADPH-dependent aldose/aldehyde reductase that also exhibited characteristics of the homologous human enzyme. The recombinant alfalfa enzyme is active on 4-hydroxynon-2-enal, a known cytotoxic lipid peroxide degradation product. Ectopic synthesis of this enzyme in transgenic tobacco plants provided considerable tolerance against oxidative damage caused by paraquat and heavy metal treatment. These transformants could also resist a long period of water deficiency and exhibited improved recovery after rehydration. We found a reduced production of lipid peroxidation-derived reactive aldehydes in these transformed plants under different stresses. These studies reveal a new and efficient detoxification pathway in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oberschall
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, PO Box 521, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary
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16
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Seregélyes C, Mustárdy L, Ayaydin F, Sass L, Kovács L, Endre G, Lukács N, Kovács I, Vass I, Kiss GB, Horváth GV, Dudits D. Nuclear localization of a hypoxia-inducible novel non-symbiotic hemoglobin in cultured alfalfa cells. FEBS Lett 2000. [PMID: 11018535 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
We have isolated a 483-bp-long full-length cDNA clone encoding a non-symbiotic hemoglobin called Mhb1, the first one found in alfalfa. This non-symbiotic hemoglobin is a single copy gene localized in linkage group 4 in diploid Medicago genome. The Mhb1 mRNA was found only in the roots of alfalfa plants. The Mhb1 gene was inducible by hypoxia and showed no induction by cold stress treatment. The Mhb1 transcript level increased at the G2/M boundary in a synchronized alfalfa cell suspension culture. The majority of Mhb1 protein was shown to be localized in the nucleus and smaller amounts were detected in the cytoplasm. A potential link to the nitric oxide signalling pathway is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Seregélyes
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged
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17
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Seregélyes C, Mustárdy L, Ayaydin F, Sass L, Kovács L, Endre G, Lukács N, Kovács I, Vass I, Kiss GB, Horváth GV, Dudits D. Nuclear localization of a hypoxia-inducible novel non-symbiotic hemoglobin in cultured alfalfa cells. FEBS Lett 2000; 482:125-30. [PMID: 11018535 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have isolated a 483-bp-long full-length cDNA clone encoding a non-symbiotic hemoglobin called Mhb1, the first one found in alfalfa. This non-symbiotic hemoglobin is a single copy gene localized in linkage group 4 in diploid Medicago genome. The Mhb1 mRNA was found only in the roots of alfalfa plants. The Mhb1 gene was inducible by hypoxia and showed no induction by cold stress treatment. The Mhb1 transcript level increased at the G2/M boundary in a synchronized alfalfa cell suspension culture. The majority of Mhb1 protein was shown to be localized in the nucleus and smaller amounts were detected in the cytoplasm. A potential link to the nitric oxide signalling pathway is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Seregélyes
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged
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18
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Deák M, Horváth GV, Davletova S, Török K, Sass L, Vass I, Barna B, Király Z, Dudits D. Plants ectopically expressing the iron-binding protein, ferritin, are tolerant to oxidative damage and pathogens. Nat Biotechnol 1999; 17:192-6. [PMID: 10052358 DOI: 10.1038/6198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic tobacco plants that synthesize alfalfa ferritin in vegetative tissues--either in its processed form in chloroplasts or in the cytoplasmic nonprocessed form--retained photosynthetic function upon free radical toxicity generated by iron excess or paraquat treatment. Progeny of transgenic plants accumulating ferritin in their leaves exhibited tolerance to necrotic damage caused by viral (tobacco necrosis virus) and fungal (Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea) infections. These transformants exhibited normal photosynthetic function and chlorophyll content under greenhouse conditions. We propose that by sequestering intracellular iron involved in generation of the very reactive hydroxyl radicals through a Fenton reaction, ferritin protects plant cells from oxidative damage induced by a wide range of stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Deák
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged
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19
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Takács Z, Csintalan Z, Sass L, Laitat E, Vass I, Tuba Z. UV-B tolerance of bryophyte species with different degrees of desiccation tolerance. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(99)00029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Máté Z, Sass L, Szekeres M, Vass I, Nagy F. UV-B-induced differential transcription of psbA genes encoding the D1 protein of photosystem II in the Cyanobacterium synechocystis 6803. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:17439-44. [PMID: 9651331 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.28.17439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
UV-B irradiation of intact Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells results in the loss of photosystem II activity, which can be repaired via de novo synthesis of the D1 (and D2) reaction center subunits. In this study, we investigated the effect of UV-B irradiation on the transcription of the psbA2 and psbA3 genes encoding identical D1 proteins. We show that UV-B irradiation increases the level of psbA2 mRNA 2-3-fold and, more dramatically, it induces a 20-30-fold increase in the accumulation of the psbA3 mRNA even at levels of irradiation too low to produce losses of either photosystem II activity or D1 protein. The induction of psbA3 transcript accumulation is specific for UV-B light (290-330 nm). Low intensity UV-A emission (330-390 nm) and white light induce only a small, at most, 2-3-fold enhancement, whereas no effect of blue light was observed. Expression patterns of chimeric genes containing the promoter regions of the psbA2, psbA3 genes fused to the firefly luciferase (luc) reporter gene indicate that (i) transcription of psbA2/luc and psbA3/luc transgenes was elevated, similarly to that of the endogenous psbA genes, by UV-B irradiation, and that (ii) a short, 80-base pair psbA3 promoter fragment is sufficient to maintain UV-B-induced transcription of the luc reporter gene. Furthermore, our findings indicate that UV-B-induced expression of the psbA2 and psbA3 genes is a defense response against UV-B stress, which is regulated, at least, partially at the level of transcription and does not require active electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Máté
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 521, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary
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21
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Vass I, Sass L, Spetea C, Bakou A, Ghanotakis DF, Petrouleas V. UV-B-induced inhibition of photosystem II electron transport studied by EPR and chlorophyll fluorescence. Impairment of donor and acceptor side components. Biochemistry 1996; 35:8964-73. [PMID: 8688433 DOI: 10.1021/bi9530595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of photosystem II electron transport by UV-B radiation has been studied in isolated spinach photosystem II membrane particles using low-temperature EPR spectroscopy and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. UV-B irradiation results in the rapid inhibition of oxygen evolution and the decline of variable chlorophyll fluorescence. These effects are accompanied by the loss of the multiline EPR signal arising from the S2 state of the water-oxidizing complex and the induction of Signal IIfast originating from stabilized Try-Z+. The EPR signals from the QA-Fe2+ acceptor complex, Tyr-D+, and the oxidized non-heme iron (Fe3+) are also decreased during the course of UV-B irradiation, but at a significantly slower rate than oxygen evolution and the multiline signal. The decrease of the Fe3+ signal at high g values (g = 8.06, g = 5.6) is accompanied by the induction of another EPR signal at g = 4.26 that arises most likely from the same Fe3+ ion in a modified ligand environment. UV-B irradiation also affects cytochrome b-559. The g = 2.94 EPR signal that arises from the dark- oxidized form is enhanced, whereas the light inducible g = 3.04 signal that arises from the photo-oxidizable population of cytochrome b-559 is diminished. UV-B irradiation also induces the degradation of the D1 reaction center protein. The rate of the D1 protein loss is slower than the inhibition of oxygen evolution and of the multiline signal but follows closely the loss of Signal IIslow, the QA-Fe2+ and the Fe3+ EPR signals, as well as the release of protein-bound manganese. It is concluded from the results that UV-B radiation affects photosystem II redox components at both the donor and acceptor side. The primary damage occurs at the water-oxidizing complex. Modification and/or inactivation of tyrosine-D, cytochrome b-559, and the QAFe2+ acceptor complex are subsequent events that coincide more closely with the UV-B-induced damage to the protein structure of the photosystem II reaction center.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
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22
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Sass L, Csintalan Z, Tuba Z, Vass I. Thermoluminescence studies on the function of Photosystem II in the desiccation tolerant lichen Cladonia convoluta. Photosynth Res 1996; 48:205-212. [PMID: 24271300 DOI: 10.1007/bf00041010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/1995] [Accepted: 12/06/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of desiccation and rehydration on the function of Photosystem II has been studied in the desiccation tolerant lichen Cladonia convoluta by thermoluminescence. We have shown that in functional fully hydrated thalli thermoluminescence signals can be observed from the recombination of the S2(3)QB (-) (B band), S2QA (-) (Q band), Tyr-D(+)QA (-) (C band) and Tyr-Z(+)(His(+))QA (-) (A band) charge stabilization states. These thermoluminescence signals are completely absent in desiccated thalli, but rapidly reappear on rehydration. Flash-induced oscillation in the amplitude of the thermoluminescence band from the S2(3)QB (-) recombination shows the usual pattern with maxima after 2 and 6 flashes when rehydration takes place in light. However, after rehydration in complete darkness, there is no thermoluminescence emission after the 1 st flash, and the maxima of the subsequent oscillation are shifted to the 3rd and 7th flashes. It is concluded that desiccation of Cladonia convoluta converts PS II into a nonfunctional state. This state is characterized by the lack of stable charge separation and recombination, as well as by a one-electron reduction of the water-oxidizing complex. Restoration of PS II function during rehydration can proceed both in the light and in darkness. After rehydration in the dark, the first charge separation act is utilized in restoring the usual oxidation state of the water-oxidizing comples.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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23
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Krakovits G, Sass L. [Surgical indication for hip endoprosthesis]. Orv Hetil 1993; 134:619-23. [PMID: 8455921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The authors give a short review of the history, development, results of the joint endoprosthetic, regarding mainly to the hip replacement, based on their own data and on international references. It is suggested that the development of the modern surgical technique changed the condition of the indication which needs a wide publicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Krakovits
- Fövárosi Szent János Kórház Orthopaed-Traumatológiai Osztály
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24
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Hideg E, Sass L, Barbato R, Vass I. Inactivation of photosynthetic oxygen evolution by UV-B irradiation: A thermoluminescence study. Photosynth Res 1993; 38:455-462. [PMID: 24318003 DOI: 10.1007/bf00046774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/1993] [Accepted: 09/10/1993] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The influence of UV-B irradiation on photosynthetic oxygen evolution by isolated spinach thylakoids has been investigated using thermoluminescence measurements. The thermoluminescence bands arising from the S2QB (-) (B band) and S2QA (-) (Q band) charge recombination disappeared with increasing UV-B irradiation time. In contrast, the C band at 50°C, arising from the recombination of QA (-) with an accessory donor of Photosystem II, was transiently enhanced by the UV-B irradiation. The efficiency of DCMU to block QA to QB electron transfer decreased after irradiation as detected by the incomplete suppression of the B band by DCMU. The flash-induced oscillatory pattern of the B band was modified in the UV-B irradiated samples, indicating a decrease in the number of centers with reduced QB. Based on the results of this study, UV-B irradiation is suggested to damage both the donor and acceptor sides of Photosystem II. The damage of the water-oxidizing complex does not affect a specific S-state transition. Instead, charge stabilization is enhanced on an accessory donor. The acceptor-side modifications decrease the affinity of DCMU binding. This effect is assumed to reflect a structural change in the QB/DCMU binding site. The preferential loss of dark stable QB (-) may be related to the same structural change or could be caused by the specific destruction of reduced quinones by the UV-B light.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hideg
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
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25
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Krakovits G, Sass L. Biomechanical aspects of femoral stem anchoring during total hip replacement. Acta Chir Hung 1992; 33:277-85. [PMID: 1345387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Stem instability is the major cause of complications following total hip replacement. To prevent its onset, the authors based their method on Wolff's law of bone transformation. Of the known prostheses, the straight-stem one fitting best to the shape of medullar cavity was chosen and by its sagittal enlargement in three different sizes a new stem collection was designed. Stems providing the closest fit to the medullar cavity were selected by computer-assisted adjustment to three-directional X-ray pictures. The principle seems to be supported by preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Krakovits
- Orthopaedic and Trauma Department Szt. János Kórház, Budapest, Hungary
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26
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Abdullahi L, Kongsgaard E, Mogensen K, Sass L, Bock JE. [The significance of the environment for delivery at a special department]. Ugeskr Laeger 1990; 152:732-4. [PMID: 2321293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A material of 292 normal pregnant women was subdivided at random for delivery either in the traditional delivery room or a newly established environmental room. The alterations in the physical environment of delivery did not result in more numerous spontaneous deliveries. A high frequency of episiotomies, stimulation of contractions and artificial deliveries in primiparae occurred particularly when it is considered that two thoroughly investigated groups of low-risk pregnant women were concerned. However, qualitative differences in the experience of the course of delivery were found in favour of the environmental room. The quality of the experience of delivery did not depend so much on the physical environment but more on contact with the staff members responsible for conduct of the delivery.
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27
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Bittrich HH, Bittrich R, Sass L, Zirz P, Reich P, Zimmermann G. Zur Oligomerisierung von Cycloolefinen in Gegenwart zirkonhaltiger Katalysatorsysteme. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/prac.19813230202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Kauffman SL, Alexander L, Sass L. Histologic and ultrastructural features of the clara cell adenoma of the mouse lung. J Transl Med 1979; 40:708-16. [PMID: 449277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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