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Lawless L, Qin Y, Xie L, Zhang K. Trophoblast Differentiation: Mechanisms and Implications for Pregnancy Complications. Nutrients 2023; 15:3564. [PMID: 37630754 PMCID: PMC10459728 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental development is a tightly controlled event, in which cell expansion from the trophectoderm occurs in a spatiotemporal manner. Proper trophoblast differentiation is crucial to the vitality of this gestational organ. Obstructions to its development can lead to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth, posing severe health risks to both the mother and offspring. Currently, the only known treatment strategy for these complications is delivery, making it an important area of research. The aim of this review was to summarize the known information on the development and mechanistic regulation of trophoblast differentiation and highlight the similarities in these processes between the human and mouse placenta. Additionally, the known biomarkers for each cell type were compiled to aid in the analysis of sequencing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Lawless
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yushu Qin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Lawless L, Xie L, Zhang K. The inter- and multi- generational epigenetic alterations induced by maternal cadmium exposure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1148906. [PMID: 37152287 PMCID: PMC10157395 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1148906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cadmium during pregnancy, from environmental or lifestyle factors, has been shown to have detrimental fetal and placental developmental effects, along with negatively impacting maternal health during gestation. Additionally, prenatal cadmium exposure places the offspring at risk for developing diseases in infancy, adolescence, and adulthood. Although given much attention, the underlying mechanisms of cadmium-induced teratogenicity and disease development remain largely unknown. Epigenetic changes in DNA, RNA and protein modifications have been observed during cadmium exposure, which implies a scientific premise as a conceivable mode of cadmium toxicity for developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). This review aims to examine the literature and provide a comprehensive overview of epigenetic alterations induced by prenatal cadmium exposure, within the developing fetus and placenta, and the continued effects observed in childhood and across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Lawless
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Ke Zhang,
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Xiong X, Cheng Z, Zhou Y, Wu F, Xie L, Lawless L, Dong R, Zhao Y, Yu L, Chen G. HuanglianGanjiang Tang alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting necroptosis through vitamin D receptor. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 298:115655. [PMID: 35988837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE HuanglianGanjiang Tang (HGT) is a classic prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) recorded in Dan Xi Xin Fa, which was used to alleviate manifestations like diarrhea, abdominal pain and hemafecia. In current clinical practices, HGT is adopted for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and affords good curative effect. However, the underlying mechanism deserves further elucidation. AIM OF THE STUDY UC is a hard-to-curable and easy-to-recurrent inflammatory disease. This study is to evaluate the potential therapeutics and explore the molecular mechanism of HGT on UC in the mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The components of HGT extracts were identified by HPLC. The colitis of mice was induced by 3% (w./v.) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The HGT decoction was prepared through boiling and centrifuging. The mice were given HGT decoction via oral gavage (0.34 g/ml & 0.68 g/ml; 5 ml/kg b.w.). The protective role of HGT on colitis mice was evaluated by body weight change, colon length, disease activity index (DAI) and histological scores. The expressions of necroptosis-related and vitamin D receptor (VDR)-related proteins were measured by Western blot, RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. RESULTS HGT could significantly reduce the loss of body weight and colon length in colitis mice, and alleviated the DAI and histological scores. Mechanically, HGT also promoted the expression of E-cadherin, Occludin, ZO-1 and VDR, and reduced the level of intestinal inflammatory cytokines, such as, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. Besides, HGT downregulated the protein level of p-RIPK3, p-RIPK1 and p-MLKL while upregulated the protein level of Caspase-8 in colon tissue compared to the model group. CONCLUSION Our study addressed that HGT can alleviate DSS-induced colitis of mice through inhibiting colonic necroptosis by upregulating the level of VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Xiong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Lauren Lawless
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ruolan Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lingling Yu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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McCauley N, Lawless L, Basra M, DePadova N, Loyola XA, Zhou H, Ko G, Zhang K, Xie L. In ovo exposure to cadmium causes right ventricle hyperplasia due to cell proliferation of cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Lett 2022; 366:1-6. [PMID: 35753640 PMCID: PMC10042311 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental and occupational pollutant inhaled through smoking or ingested through contaminated food. Yet, little is known about its teratogenicity. In this study, the effects of Cd on embryonic heart development were investigated by exposing Cd to chicken embryos in ovo. Fertilized eggs were treated with Cd at Hamburger-Hamilton Stage (HH)16 and collected at HH35 for histological evaluation of the heart. Cd treatment of 100μM at HH16 increased embryo mortality at HH35. Specific structural heart defects were not observed in any Cd treatment group, but the relative myocardial tissue area of the right ventricle was increased with Cd exposure. When the HH31 hearts were stained with p-H3S10, the right ventricle had an increased number of cells undergoing proliferation, which was associated with upregulation of Cdk1, Cdk6, CycA, CycD, and CycE detected by qPCR. These findings suggest that Cd exposure from HH16 upregulates proliferation genes and drives overgrowth of the right ventricle. These results grant further attention to Cd teratogenicity on embryonic heart development. Such morphological changes in the heart can potentially affect cardiac function and increase the risk for future cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi McCauley
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Lauren Lawless
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Mahi Basra
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Nicole DePadova
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Huijuan Zhou
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Gladys Ko
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX; Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX.
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
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Qin Y, McCauley N, Ding Z, Lawless L, Liu Z, Zhang K, Xie L. Hyperglycemia results in significant pathophysiological changes of placental spiral artery remodeling and angiogenesis, further contributing to congenital defects. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2021; 26:965-976. [PMID: 34856745 DOI: 10.52586/5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperglycemic conditions achieved during pregnancy have been shown to have detrimental effects to fetal development and increase the prevalence of childhood comorbidities. However, the mechanisms in which diabetic pregnancies affect placental development and subsequently contribute to adverse health effects on the mother and offspring remain unclear. Research design and methods: Streptozotocin was used to induce gestational diabetes in mice. In this model, hyperglycemia was established at embryonic day 3.5 (E3.5). Pregnancy mass was collected at E10.5, E12.5, E14.5, and E16.5 for different assessments. Results: Both placental and embryonic weights were found to be significantly elevated at E16.5. At E14.5, a significantly larger junctional zone with increased number of glycogen trophoblasts was found in the placentas from hyperglycemic pregnancies (HG group) compared to the placentas from normoglycemic pregnancies (NG group). Importantly, the HG placenta exhibited decreased trophoblast giant cell (TGC) association and TUNEL+ cells, and increased expression of α-SMA on the spiral artery, suggesting arterial remodeling was impacted. Moreover, the interhemal membrane of the labyrinth layer, was found to be thicker in the HG placentas. Furthermore, hyperglycemia resulted in more offspring congenital defects, which were associated with a thicker interhemal membrane. Conclusions: Together, these results suggest that gestational diabetes perturbs proper placental development and function, specifically spiral artery remodeling and angiogenesis, thereby negatively impacting embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Qin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Naomi McCauley
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zehuan Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lauren Lawless
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.,Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.,Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77843, USA
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Zhou Y, Liu Z, Lynch EC, He L, Cheng H, Liu L, Li Z, Li J, Lawless L, Zhang KK, Xie L. Osr1 regulates hepatic inflammation and cell survival in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Transl Med 2021; 101:477-489. [PMID: 33005011 PMCID: PMC7987871 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00493-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Odd-skipped related 1 (Osr1) is a novel tumor suppressor gene in several cancer cell lines. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is considered as a high-risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study is aimed to investigate the novel role of Osr1 in promoting the progression of hepatic steatosis to NASH. Following 12 weeks of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and high-fat diet (HFD), wildtype (WT) and Osr1 heterozygous (Osr1+/-) male mice were examined for liver injuries. Osr1+/- mice displayed worsen liver injury with higher serum alanine aminotransferase levels than the WT mice. The Osr1+/- mice also revealed early signs of collagen deposition with increased hepatic Tgfb and Fn1 expression. There was overactivation of both JNK and NF-κB signaling in the Osr1+/- liver, along with accumulation of F4/80+ cells and enhanced hepatic expression of Il-1b and Il-6. Moreover, the Osr1+/- liver displayed hyperphosphorylation of AKT/mTOR signaling, associated with overexpression of Bcl-2. In addition, Osr1+/- and WT mice displayed differences in the DNA methylome of the liver cells. Specifically, Osr1-responsible CpG islands of Ccl3 and Pcgf2, genes for inflammation and macrophage infiltration, were further identified. Taken together, Osr1 plays an important role in regulating cell inflammation and survival through multiple signaling pathways and DNA methylation modification for NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (Gastrointestinal and Anal Hospital of Sun Yat-sen Unversity), Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ernest C Lynch
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Leya He
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Henghui Cheng
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Jiangyuan Li
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Lauren Lawless
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ke K Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Center for Epigenetics & Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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