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Cheung VC, Bui T, Soncin F, Bai T, Kessler JA, Parast MM, Horii M. Current Strategies of Modeling Human Trophoblast Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in vitro. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e875. [PMID: 37787612 PMCID: PMC10558083 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
We previously established a trophoblast differentiation protocol from primed human pluripotent stem cells (PSC). To induce this lineage, we use a combination of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 (BMP4) and the WNT inhibitor IWP2. This protocol has enabled us to obtain a pure population of trophectoderm (TE)-like cells that could subsequently be terminally differentiated into syncytiotrophoblasts (STB) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVT). However, the resulting TE-like cells could only be terminally differentiated to a variable mixture of STB and EVT, with a bias toward the STB lineage. Recently, methods have been developed for derivation and culture of self-renewing human trophoblast stem cells (TSC) from human embryos and early gestation placental tissues. These primary TSCs were further able to differentiate into either STB or EVT with high efficiency using the lineage specific differentiation protocols. Based partly on these protocols, we have developed methods for establishing self-renewing TSC-like cells from PSC, and for efficient lineage-specific terminal differentiation. Here, we describe in detail the protocols to derive and maintain PSC-TSC, from both embryonic stem cells (ESC) and patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), and their subsequent terminal differentiation to STB and EVT. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Trophoblast Differentiation into TE-like Cells Basic Protocol 2: Conversion of PSC-Derived TE-like Cells to TSC Basic Protocol 3: Passaging PSC-Derived TSC in iCTB Complete Medium Basic Protocol 4: STB Differentiation from PSC-derived TSC Basic Protocol 5: EVT Differentiation from PSC-derived TSC Support Protocol 1: Geltrex-coated tissue culture plate preparation Support Protocol 2: Collagen IV-coated tissue culture plate preparation Support Protocol 3: Fibronectin-coated tissue culture plate preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Chu Cheung
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tony Bui
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Francesca Soncin
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - John A. Kessler
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mana M Parast
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mariko Horii
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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2
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Lawless L, Qin Y, Xie L, Zhang K. Trophoblast Differentiation: Mechanisms and Implications for Pregnancy Complications. Nutrients 2023; 15:3564. [PMID: 37630754 PMCID: PMC10459728 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental development is a tightly controlled event, in which cell expansion from the trophectoderm occurs in a spatiotemporal manner. Proper trophoblast differentiation is crucial to the vitality of this gestational organ. Obstructions to its development can lead to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth, posing severe health risks to both the mother and offspring. Currently, the only known treatment strategy for these complications is delivery, making it an important area of research. The aim of this review was to summarize the known information on the development and mechanistic regulation of trophoblast differentiation and highlight the similarities in these processes between the human and mouse placenta. Additionally, the known biomarkers for each cell type were compiled to aid in the analysis of sequencing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Lawless
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yushu Qin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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3
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Wang Y, Ming H, Yu L, Li J, Zhu L, Sun HX, Pinzon-Arteaga CA, Wu J, Jiang Z. Establishment of bovine trophoblast stem cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112439. [PMID: 37146606 PMCID: PMC10950030 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report that a chemical cocktail (LCDM: leukemia inhibitory factor [LIF], CHIR99021, dimethinedene maleate [DiM], minocycline hydrochloride), previously developed for extended pluripotent stem cells (EPSCs) in mice and humans, enables de novo derivation and long-term culture of bovine trophoblast stem cells (TSCs). Bovine TSCs retain developmental potency to differentiate into mature trophoblast cells and exhibit transcriptomic and epigenetic (chromatin accessibility and DNA methylome) features characteristic of trophectoderm cells from early bovine embryos. The bovine TSCs established in this study will provide a model to study bovine placentation and early pregnancy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjuan Wang
- School of Animal Sciences, AgCenter, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Hao Ming
- School of Animal Sciences, AgCenter, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Leqian Yu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jie Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China; BGI-Beijing, Beijing 102601, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linkai Zhu
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Hai-Xi Sun
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China; BGI-Beijing, Beijing 102601, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Carlos A Pinzon-Arteaga
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Zongliang Jiang
- School of Animal Sciences, AgCenter, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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Huang CC, Hsueh YW, Chang CW, Hsu HC, Yang TC, Lin WC, Chang HM. Establishment of the fetal-maternal interface: developmental events in human implantation and placentation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1200330. [PMID: 37266451 PMCID: PMC10230101 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1200330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Early pregnancy is a complex and well-orchestrated differentiation process that involves all the cellular elements of the fetal-maternal interface. Aberrant trophoblast-decidual interactions can lead to miscarriage and disorders that occur later in pregnancy, including preeclampsia, intrauterine fetal growth restriction, and preterm labor. A great deal of research on the regulation of implantation and placentation has been performed in a wide range of species. However, there is significant species variation regarding trophoblast differentiation as well as decidual-specific gene expression and regulation. Most of the relevant information has been obtained from studies using mouse models. A comprehensive understanding of the physiology and pathology of human implantation and placentation has only recently been obtained because of emerging advanced technologies. With the derivation of human trophoblast stem cells, 3D-organoid cultures, and single-cell analyses of differentiated cells, cell type-specific transcript profiles and functions were generated, and each exhibited a unique signature. Additionally, through integrative transcriptomic information, researchers can uncover the cellular dysfunction of embryonic and placental cells in peri-implantation embryos and the early pathological placenta. In fact, the clinical utility of fetal-maternal cellular trafficking has been applied for the noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidies and the prediction of pregnancy complications. Furthermore, recent studies have proposed a viable path toward the development of therapeutic strategies targeting placenta-enriched molecules for placental dysfunction and diseases.
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Chen ACH, Lee YL, Ruan H, Huang W, Fong SW, Tian S, Lee KC, Wu GM, Tan Y, Wong TCH, Wu J, Zhang W, Cao D, Chow JFC, Liu P, Yeung WSB. Expanded Potential Stem Cells from Human Embryos Have an Open Chromatin Configuration with Enhanced Trophoblast Differentiation Ability. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2204797. [PMID: 36775869 PMCID: PMC10104645 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human expanded potential stem cells (hEPSC) have been derived from human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. Here direct derivation of hEPSC from human pre-implantation embryos is reported. Like the reported hEPSC, the embryo-derived hEPSC (hEPSC-em) exhibit a transcriptome similar to morula, comparable differentiation potency, and high genome editing efficiency. Interestingly, the hEPSC-em show a unique H3 lysine-4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) open chromatin conformation; they possess a higher proportion of H3K4me3 bound broad domain (>5 kb) than the reported hEPSC, naive, and primed embryonic stem cells. The open conformation is associated with enhanced trophoblast differentiation potency with increased trophoblast gene expression upon induction of differentiation and success in derivation of trophoblast stem cells with bona fide characteristics. Hippo signaling is specifically enriched in the H3K4me3 broad domains of the hEPSC-. Knockout of the Hippo signaling gene, YAP1 abolishes the ability of the embryo-derived EPSC to form trophoblast stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Chun Hang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility RegulationReproductive Medicine CenterThe University of Hong Kong ‐ Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518000China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell BiologyBuilding 17 WThe Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongHong Kong
| | - Yin Lau Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility RegulationReproductive Medicine CenterThe University of Hong Kong ‐ Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518000China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell BiologyBuilding 17 WThe Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongHong Kong
| | - Hanzhang Ruan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Sze Wan Fong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Siyu Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Kai Chuen Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell BiologyBuilding 17 WThe Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongHong Kong
| | - Genie Minju Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Yongqi Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Timothy Chun Hin Wong
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell BiologyBuilding 17 WThe Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongHong Kong
| | - Jian Wu
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell BiologyBuilding 17 WThe Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongHong Kong
| | - Weiyu Zhang
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell BiologyBuilding 17 WThe Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongHong Kong
| | - Dandan Cao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility RegulationReproductive Medicine CenterThe University of Hong Kong ‐ Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518000China
| | - Judy Fung Cheung Chow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Pengtao Liu
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell BiologyBuilding 17 WThe Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongHong Kong
- School of Biomedical SciencesLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongStem Cell and Regenerative Medicine ConsortiumHong KongHong Kong
| | - William Shu Biu Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility RegulationReproductive Medicine CenterThe University of Hong Kong ‐ Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518000China
- Centre for Translational Stem Cell BiologyBuilding 17 WThe Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongHong Kong
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Kayashima Y, Townley-Tilson WHD, Vora NL, Boggess K, Homeister JW, Maeda-Smithies N, Li F. Insulin Elevates ID2 Expression in Trophoblasts and Aggravates Preeclampsia in Obese ASB4-Null Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032149. [PMID: 36768469 PMCID: PMC9917068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for preeclampsia. We investigated how obesity influences preeclampsia in mice lacking ankyrin-repeat-and-SOCS-box-containing-protein 4 (ASB4), which promotes trophoblast differentiation via degrading the inhibitor of DNA-binding protein 2 (ID2). Asb4-/- mice on normal chow (NC) develop mild preeclampsia-like phenotypes during pregnancy, including hypertension, proteinuria, and reduced litter size. Wild-type (WT) and Asb4-/- females were placed on a high-fat diet (HFD) starting at weaning. At the age of 8-9 weeks, they were mated with WT or Asb4-/- males, and preeclamptic phenotypes were assessed. HFD-WT dams had no obvious adverse outcomes of pregnancy. In contrast, HFD-Asb4-/- dams had significantly more severe preeclampsia-like phenotypes compared to NC-Asb4-/- dams. The HFD increased white fat weights and plasma leptin and insulin levels in Asb4-/- females. In the HFD-Asb4-/- placenta, ID2 amounts doubled without changing the transcript levels, indicating that insulin likely increases ID2 at a level of post-transcription. In human first-trimester trophoblast HTR8/SVneo cells, exposure to insulin, but not to leptin, led to a significant increase in ID2. HFD-induced obesity markedly worsens the preeclampsia-like phenotypes in the absence of ASB4. Our data indicate that hyperinsulinemia perturbs the timely removal of ID2 and interferes with proper trophoblast differentiation, contributing to enhanced preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Kayashima
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - W. H. Davin Townley-Tilson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Neeta L. Vora
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kim Boggess
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jonathon W. Homeister
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nobuyo Maeda-Smithies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-919-966-6915; Fax: +1-919-966-8800
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7
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Oravecz O, Balogh A, Romero R, Xu Y, Juhasz K, Gelencser Z, Xu Z, Bhatti G, Pique-Regi R, Peterfia B, Hupuczi P, Kovalszky I, Murthi P, Tarca AL, Papp Z, Matko J, Than NG. Proteoglycans: Systems-Level Insight into Their Expression in Healthy and Diseased Placentas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5798. [PMID: 35628608 PMCID: PMC9147780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycan macromolecules play key roles in several physiological processes (e.g., adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and apoptosis), all of which are important for placentation and healthy pregnancy. However, their precise roles in human reproduction have not been clarified. To fill this gap, herein, we provide an overview of the proteoglycans' expression and role in the placenta, in trophoblast development, and in pregnancy complications (pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction), highlighting one of the most important members of this family, syndecan-1 (SDC1). Microarray data analysis showed that of 34 placentally expressed proteoglycans, SDC1 production is markedly the highest in the placenta and that SDC1 is the most upregulated gene during trophoblast differentiation into the syncytiotrophoblast. Furthermore, placental transcriptomic data identified dysregulated proteoglycan genes in pre-eclampsia and in fetal growth restriction, including SDC1, which is supported by the lower concentration of syndecan-1 in maternal blood in these syndromes. Overall, our clinical and in vitro studies, data analyses, and literature search pointed out that proteoglycans, as important components of the placenta, may regulate various stages of placental development and participate in the maintenance of a healthy pregnancy. Moreover, syndecan-1 may serve as a useful marker of syncytialization and a prognostic marker of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Further studies are warranted to explore the role of proteoglycans in healthy and complicated pregnancies, which may help in diagnostic or therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Oravecz
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.O.); (A.B.); (K.J.); (Zs.G.); (B.P.); (J.M.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Balogh
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.O.); (A.B.); (K.J.); (Zs.G.); (B.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.R.); (Y.X.); (Z.X.); (G.B.); (R.P.-R.); (A.L.T.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.R.); (Y.X.); (Z.X.); (G.B.); (R.P.-R.); (A.L.T.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kata Juhasz
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.O.); (A.B.); (K.J.); (Zs.G.); (B.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Zsolt Gelencser
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.O.); (A.B.); (K.J.); (Zs.G.); (B.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Zhonghui Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.R.); (Y.X.); (Z.X.); (G.B.); (R.P.-R.); (A.L.T.)
| | - Gaurav Bhatti
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.R.); (Y.X.); (Z.X.); (G.B.); (R.P.-R.); (A.L.T.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Roger Pique-Regi
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.R.); (Y.X.); (Z.X.); (G.B.); (R.P.-R.); (A.L.T.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Balint Peterfia
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.O.); (A.B.); (K.J.); (Zs.G.); (B.P.); (J.M.)
| | | | - Ilona Kovalszky
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Padma Murthi
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3502, Australia
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, and Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.R.); (Y.X.); (Z.X.); (G.B.); (R.P.-R.); (A.L.T.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Maternity Private Clinic, H-1126 Budapest, Hungary; (P.H.); (Z.P.)
| | - Janos Matko
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.O.); (A.B.); (K.J.); (Zs.G.); (B.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.O.); (A.B.); (K.J.); (Zs.G.); (B.P.); (J.M.)
- Maternity Private Clinic, H-1126 Budapest, Hungary; (P.H.); (Z.P.)
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary;
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8
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Seetharam AS, Vu HTH, Choi S, Khan T, Sheridan MA, Ezashi T, Roberts RM, Tuteja G. The product of BMP-directed differentiation protocols for human primed pluripotent stem cells is placental trophoblast and not amnion. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1289-1302. [PMID: 35594861 PMCID: PMC9214062 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The observation that trophoblast (TB) can be generated from primed pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) by exposure to bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) when FGF2 and ACTIVIN signaling is minimized has recently been challenged with the suggestion that the procedure instead produces amnion. Here, by analyzing transcriptome data from multiple sources, including bulk and single-cell data, we show that the BMP4 procedure generates bona fide TB with similarities to both placental villous TB and TB generated from TB stem cells. The analyses also suggest that the transcriptomic signatures between embryonic amnion and different forms of TB have commonalities. Our data provide justification for the continued use of TB derived from PSCs as a model for investigating placental development. Cells differentiated by using BAP protocols resemble TB more than embryonic amnion Deviation from the standard BAP protocol results in less differentiated TB Single-cell/nucleus RNA-seq analysis identifies two syncytiotrophoblast populations
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun S Seetharam
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Genetics Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ha T H Vu
- Genetics Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Sehee Choi
- Christopher S Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Teka Khan
- Christopher S Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Division of Animal Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Megan A Sheridan
- Christopher S Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Toshihiko Ezashi
- Christopher S Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Division of Animal Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - R Michael Roberts
- Christopher S Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Division of Animal Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Geetu Tuteja
- Genetics Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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9
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Markmeyer P, Lochmann F, Singh KK, Gupta A, Younis R, Shahzad K, Biemann R, Huebner H, Ruebner M, Isermann B, Kohli S. Procoagulant Extracellular Vesicles Alter Trophoblast Differentiation in Mice by a Thrombo-Inflammatory Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9873. [PMID: 34576036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Procoagulant extracellular vesicles (EV) and platelet activation have been associated with gestational vascular complications. EV-induced platelet-mediated placental inflammasome activation has been shown to cause preeclampsia-like symptoms in mice. However, the effect of EV-mediated placental thrombo-inflammation on trophoblast differentiation remains unknown. Here, we identify that the EV-induced thrombo-inflammatory pathway modulates trophoblast morphology and differentiation. EVs and platelets reduce syncytiotrophoblast differentiation while increasing giant trophoblast and spongiotrophoblast including the glycogen-rich cells. These effects are platelet-dependent and mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome. In humans, inflammasome activation was negatively correlated with trophoblast differentiation marker GCM1 and positively correlated with blood pressure. These data identify a crucial role of EV-induced placental thrombo-inflammation on altering trophoblast differentiation and suggest platelet activation or inflammasome activation as a therapeutic target in order to achieve successful placentation.
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10
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Capatina N, Hemberger M, Burton GJ, Watson ED, Yung HW. Excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress drives aberrant mouse trophoblast differentiation and placental development leading to pregnancy loss. J Physiol 2021; 599:4153-4181. [PMID: 34269420 DOI: 10.1113/jp281994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress promotes placental dysmorphogenesis and is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. We show that unfolded protein response signalling pathways located in the ER drive differentiation of mouse trophoblast stem cells into trophoblast subtypes involved in development of the placental labyrinth zone and trophoblast invasion. In a mouse model of chronic ER stress (Eif2s1tm1RjK ), higher ER stress in homozygous blastocysts is accompanied by reduced trophectoderm cell number and developmental delay and also is associated with an increased incidence of early pregnancy loss. Administration of the chemical chaperone, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, to Eif2s1+/ tm1RjK heterozygous females during pregnancy alleviated ER stress in the mutant placenta, restored normal trophoblast populations and reduced the frequency of early pregnancy loss. Our results suggest that alleviation of intrauterine ER stress could provide a potential therapeutic target to improve pregnancy outcome in women with pre-gestational metabolic or gynaecological conditions. ABSTRACT Women with pre-gestational health conditions (e.g. obesity, diabetes) or gynaecological problems (e.g. endometriosis) are at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes including miscarriage, pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Increasing evidence suggests that unfavourable intrauterine conditions leading to poor implantation and/or defective placentation are a possible causative factor. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response (UPRER ) signalling pathways are a convergence point of various physiological stress stimuli that can be triggered by an unfavourable intrauterine environment. Therefore, we explored the impact of ER stress on mouse trophoblast differentiation in vitro, mouse blastocyst formation and early placenta development in the Eif2s1tm1RjK mutant mouse model of chronic ER stress. Chemically-manipulated ER stress or activation of UPRER pathways in a mouse trophoblast stem cell line promoted lineage-specific differentiation. Co-treatment with specific UPRER pathway inhibitors rescued this effect. Although the inner cell mass was unaffected, the trophectoderm of homozygous Eif2s1tm1RjK blastocysts exhibited ER stress associated with a reduced cell number. Furthermore, one-third of Eif2s1tm1RjK homozygous blastocysts exhibited severe developmental defects. We have previously reported a reduced trophoblast population and premature trophoblast differentiation in Eif2s1tm1RjK homozygous placentas at mid-gestation. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of Eif2s1+/tm1RjK heterozygous pregnant females with the chemical chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid alleviated ER stress, restored the trophoblast population and reduced the frequency of embryonic lethality. Our data suggest that therapeutic targeting of ER stress may improve pregnancy outcome in women with pre-gestational metabolic or gynaecological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadejda Capatina
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Myriam Hemberger
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Graham J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erica D Watson
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hong Wa Yung
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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11
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Karvas RM, McInturf S, Zhou J, Ezashi T, Schust DJ, Roberts RM, Schulz LC. Use of a human embryonic stem cell model to discover GABRP, WFDC2, VTCN1 and ACTC1 as markers of early first trimester human trophoblast. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 26:425-440. [PMID: 32359161 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human placental development during early pregnancy is poorly understood. Many conceptuses are lost at this stage. It is thought that preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and other placental syndromes that manifest later in pregnancy may originate early in placentation. Thus, there is a need for models of early human placental development. Treating human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) with BMP4 (bone morphogenic protein 4) plus A83-01 (ACTIVIN/NODAL signaling inhibitor) and PD173074 (fibroblast growth factor 2 or FGF2 signaling inhibitor) (BAP conditions) induces differentiation to the trophoblast lineage (hESCBAP), but it is not clear which stage of trophoblast differentiation these cells resemble. Here, comparison of the hESCBAP transcriptome to those of trophoblasts from human blastocysts, trophoblast stem cells and placentas collected in the first-third trimester of pregnancy by principal component analysis suggests that hESC after 8 days BAP treatment most resemble first trimester syncytiotrophoblasts. To further test this hypothesis, transcripts were identified that are expressed in hESCBAP but not in cultures of trophoblasts isolated from term placentas. Proteins encoded by four genes, GABRP (gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit Pi), WFDC2 (WAP four-disulfide core domain 2), VTCN1 (V-set domain containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1) and ACTC1 (actin alpha cardiac muscle 1), immunolocalized to placentas at 4-9 weeks gestation, and their expression declined with gestational age (R2 = 0.61-0.83). None are present at term. Expression was largely localized to syncytiotrophoblast of both hESCBAP cells and placental material from early pregnancy. WFDC2, VTCN1 and ACTC1 have not previously been described in placenta. These results support the hypothesis that hESCBAP represent human trophoblast analogous to that of early first trimester and are a tool for discovery of factors important to this stage of placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan M Karvas
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Samuel McInturf
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Toshihiko Ezashi
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Danny J Schust
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - R Michael Roberts
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,Department of Biochemistry University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Laura C Schulz
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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12
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You J, Wang W, Chang HM, Yi Y, Zhao H, Zhu H, Sun Y, Tang M, Wang C, Sang Y, Feng G, Cheng S, Leung PCK, Zhu YM. The BMP2 Signaling Axis Promotes Invasive Differentiation of Human Trophoblasts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:607332. [PMID: 33614644 PMCID: PMC7889606 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.607332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation and trophoblast invasion are principal limiting factors of pregnancy establishment. Aberrant embryo development or improper trophoblast differentiation and invasion may lead to various unfavorable pregnancy-related outcomes, including early pregnancy loss (EPL). Our clinical data show that the serum BMP2 levels were significantly increased during the first trimester of pregnancy and that the serum and BMP2 expression levels were lower in women with EPL than in women with normal early pregnancies. Moreover, we observed that BMP2 was expressed in oocytes and trophoblast cells of cleaved embryos and blastocysts prior to implantation in both humans and mice. Exogenous BMP2 promoted embryonic development by enhancing blastocyst formation and hatching in mice. LncRNA NR026833.1 was upregulated by BMP2 and promoted SNAIL expression by competitively binding to miR-502-5p. SNAIL induced MMP2 expression and promoted cell invasion in primary extravillous trophoblast cells. BMP2 promotes the invasive differentiation of mouse trophoblast stem cells by downregulating the expression of TS cell marker and upregulating the expression of trophoblast giant cell marker and labyrinthine/spongiotrophoblast marker. Our findings provide significant insights into the regulatory roles of BMP2 in the development of the placenta, which may give us a framework to explore new therapeutic strategies to pregnancy-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali You
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hsun-Ming Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yuyin Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hongjin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minyue Tang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimiao Sang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guofang Feng
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaobing Cheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peter C K Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yi-Min Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Io S, Kondoh E, Chigusa Y, Kawasaki K, Mandai M, Yamada AS. New era of trophoblast research: integrating morphological and molecular approaches. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 26:611-633. [PMID: 32728695 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Many pregnancy complications are the result of dysfunction in the placenta. The pathogenic mechanisms of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications, however, are unclear. Abnormal placental development in these conditions begins in the first trimester, but no symptoms are observed during this period. To elucidate effective preventative treatments, understanding the differentiation and development of human placenta is crucial. This review elucidates the uniqueness of the human placenta in early development from the aspect of structural characteristics and molecular markers. We summarise the morphogenesis of human placenta based on human specimens and then compile molecular markers that have been clarified by immunostaining and RNA-sequencing data across species. Relevant studies were identified using the PubMed database and Google Scholar search engines up to March 2020. All articles were independently screened for eligibility by the authors based on titles and abstracts. In particular, the authors carefully examined literature on human placentation. This review integrates the development of human placentation from morphological approaches in comparison with other species and provides new insights into trophoblast molecular markers. The morphological features of human early placentation are described in Carnegie stages (CS), from CS3 (floating blastocyst) to CS9 (emerging point of tertiary villi). Molecular markers are described for each type of trophoblast involved in human placental development. We summarise the character of human trophoblast cell lines and explain how long-term culture system of human cytotrophoblast, both monolayer and spheroid, established in recent studies allows for the generation of human trophoblast cell lines. Due to differences in developmental features among species, it is desirable to understand early placentation in humans. In addition, reliable molecular markers that reflect normal human trophoblast are needed to advance trophoblast research. In the clinical setting, these markers can be valuable means for morphologically and functionally assessing placenta-mediated pregnancy complications and provide early prediction and management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Io
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research & Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Kondoh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Chigusa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kawasaki
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Mandai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - And Shigehito Yamada
- Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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14
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Ruane PT, Tan CMJ, Adlam DJ, Kimber SJ, Brison DR, Aplin JD, Westwood M. Protein O-GlcNAcylation Promotes Trophoblast Differentiation at Implantation. Cells 2020; 9:E2246. [PMID: 33036308 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation begins with blastocyst trophectoderm (TE) attachment to the endometrial epithelium, followed by the breaching of this barrier by TE-derived trophoblast. Dynamic protein modification with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is mediated by O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), and couples cellular metabolism to stress adaptation. O-GlcNAcylation is essential for blastocyst formation, but whether there is a role for this system at implantation remains unexplored. Here, we used OGA inhibitor thiamet g (TMG) to induce raised levels of O-GlcNAcylation in mouse blastocysts and human trophoblast cells. In an in vitro embryo implantation model, TMG promoted mouse blastocyst breaching of the endometrial epithelium. TMG reduced expression of TE transcription factors Cdx2, Gata2 and Gata3, suggesting that O-GlcNAcylation stimulated TE differentiation to invasive trophoblast. TMG upregulated transcription factors OVOL1 and GCM1, and cell fusion gene ERVFRD1, in a cell line model of syncytiotrophoblast differentiation from human TE at implantation. Therefore O-GlcNAcylation is a conserved pathway capable of driving trophoblast differentiation. TE and trophoblast are sensitive to physical, chemical and nutritive stress, which can occur as a consequence of maternal pathophysiology or during assisted reproduction, and may lead to adverse neonatal outcomes and associated adult health risks. Further investigation of how O-GlcNAcylation regulates trophoblast populations arising at implantation is required to understand how peri-implantation stress affects reproductive outcomes.
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15
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Zaugg J, Huang X, Ziegler F, Rubin M, Graff J, Müller J, Moser-Hässig R, Powell T, Gertsch J, Altmann KH, Albrecht C. Small molecule inhibitors provide insights into the relevance of LAT1 and LAT2 in materno-foetal amino acid transport. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12681-12693. [PMID: 33001560 PMCID: PMC7687008 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta supplies the foetus with critical nutrients such as essential amino acids (AA, eg leucine) for development and growth. It also represents a cellular barrier which is formed by a polarized, differentiated syncytiotrophoblast (STB) monolayer. Active Na+‐independent leucine transport across the placenta is mainly attributed to the System L transporters LAT1/SLC7A5 and LAT2/SLC7A8. This study explored the influence of trophoblast differentiation on the activity of LAT1/LAT2 and the relevance of LAT1/LAT2 in leucine uptake and transfer in trophoblasts by applying specific small molecule inhibitors (JPH203/JG336/JX009). L‐leucine uptake (total dose = 167 μmol/L) was sensitive to LAT1‐specific inhibition by JPH203 (EC50 = 2.55 µmol/L). The inhibition efficiency of JPH203 was increased by an additional methoxy group in the JPH203‐derivate JG336 (EC50 = 1.99 µmol/L). Interestingly, JX009 showed efficient System L inhibition (EC50 = 2.35 µmol/L) and was the most potent inhibitor of leucine uptake in trophoblasts. The application of JPH203 and JX009 in Transwell®‐based leucine transfer revealed LAT1 as the major accumulative transporter at the apical membrane, but other System L transporters such as LAT2 as rate‐limiting for leucine efflux across the basal membrane. Therefore, differential specificity of the applied inhibitors allowed for estimation of the contribution of LAT1 and LAT2 in materno‐foetal AA transfer and their potential impact in pregnancy diseases associated with impaired foetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Zaugg
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Xiao Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Ziegler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Rubin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Graff
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Müller
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruedi Moser-Hässig
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Lindenhofgruppe, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Theresa Powell
- Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology Section, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Karl-Heinz Altmann
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Albrecht
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Shoaito H, Chauveau S, Gosseaume C, Bourguet W, Vigouroux C, Vatier C, Pienkowski C, Fournier T, Degrelle SA. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-ligand-binding domain mutations associated with familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 disrupt human trophoblast fusion and fibroblast migration. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7660-7669. [PMID: 32519441 PMCID: PMC7339198 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is essential for placental development, and alterations in its expression and/or activity are associated with human placental pathologies such as pre‐eclampsia or IUGR. However, the molecular regulation of PPARG in cytotrophoblast differentiation and in the underlying mesenchyme remains poorly understood. Our main goal was to study the impact of mutations in the ligand‐binding domain (LBD) of the PPARG gene on cytotrophoblast fusion (PPARGE352Q) and on fibroblast cell migration (PPARGR262G/PPARGL319X). Our results showed that, compared to cells with reconstituted PPARGWT, transfection with PPARGE352Q led to significantly lower PPARG activity and lower restoration of trophoblast fusion. Likewise, compared to PPARGWT fibroblasts, PPARGR262G/PPARGL319X fibroblasts demonstrated significantly inhibited cell migration. In conclusion, we report that single missense or nonsense mutations in the LBD of PPARG significantly inhibit cell fusion and migration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Shoaito
- INSERM, UMR-S1139 (3PHM), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Chauveau
- INSERM, UMR-S1139 (3PHM), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Laboratoire ICARE, Biopôle Clermont-Limagne, Saint-Beauzire, France
| | - Camille Gosseaume
- Inserm UMR-S938, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre of Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - William Bourguet
- INSERM, CNRS, Centre de Biochimie Structurale (CBS), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Inserm UMR-S938, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre of Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Camille Vatier
- Inserm UMR-S938, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, National Reference Centre of Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Pienkowski
- Endocrinology Unit, Reference Centre for Rare Gynecologic Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Fournier
- INSERM, UMR-S1139 (3PHM), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,PremUp Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Séverine A Degrelle
- INSERM, UMR-S1139 (3PHM), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,PremUp Foundation, Paris, France.,Inovarion, Paris, France
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17
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Jeyarajah MJ, Jaju Bhattad G, Hillier DM, Renaud SJ. The Transcription Factor OVOL2 Represses ID2 and Drives Differentiation of Trophoblast Stem Cells and Placental Development in Mice. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040840. [PMID: 32244352 PMCID: PMC7226816 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblasts are the first cell type to be specified during embryogenesis, and they are essential for placental morphogenesis and function. Trophoblast stem (TS) cells are the progenitor cells for all trophoblast lineages; control of TS cell differentiation into distinct trophoblast subtypes is not well understood. Mice lacking the transcription factor OVO-like 2 (OVOL2) fail to produce a functioning placenta, and die around embryonic day 10.5, suggesting that OVOL2 may be critical for trophoblast development. Therefore, our objective was to determine the role of OVOL2 in mouse TS cell fate. We found that OVOL2 was highly expressed in mouse placenta and differentiating TS cells. Placentas and TS cells lacking OVOL2 showed poor trophoblast differentiation potential, including increased expression of stem-state associated genes (Eomes, Esrrb, Id2) and decreased levels of differentiation-associated transcripts (Gcm1, Tpbpa, Prl3b1, Syna). Ectopic OVOL2 expression in TS cells elicited precocious differentiation. OVOL2 bound proximate to the gene encoding inhibitor of differentiation 2 (ID2), a dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein, and directly repressed its activity. Overexpression of ID2 was sufficient to reinforce the TS cell stem state. Our findings reveal a critical role of OVOL2 as a regulator of TS cell differentiation and placental development, in-part by coordinating repression of ID2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariyan J. Jeyarajah
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada; (M.J.J.)
| | - Gargi Jaju Bhattad
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada; (M.J.J.)
| | - Dendra M. Hillier
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada; (M.J.J.)
| | - Stephen J. Renaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada; (M.J.J.)
- Children’s Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C2V5, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C2R5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-519-661-2111 (ext. 88272)
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18
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Fisher JJ, McKeating DR, Cuffe JS, Bianco-Miotto T, Holland OJ, Perkins AV. Proteomic Analysis of Placental Mitochondria Following Trophoblast Differentiation. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1536. [PMID: 31920727 PMCID: PMC6933824 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As gestation proceeds the human placenta is in a constant state of renewal and placental debris is released into the maternal circulation where it can trigger adverse physiological and immunological responses. Trophoblast cells of the placenta differentiate from mononuclear cytotrophoblast cells to fuse and form the syncytiotrophoblast, a multinuclear layer that covers the entire surface of the placenta. As part of this process there are significant changes to cellular cytoskeletal organization and organelle morphology. In this study we have examined the molecular changes that occur in mitochondria from these two cellular compartments and identified differential expression of key proteins that underpin changes in mitochondrial morphology, metabolism and function. Mitochondria were isolated for term placental tissue and separated according to size and density by sequential differential centrifugation. Isolated mitochondrial populations were then subjected to proteomics using HPLC separation of peptides and MS identification. Differential expression of proteins of interest was confirmed by western blots. Using a bioinformatics approach we also examined published protein databases to confirm our observations. In total 651 proteins were differentially regulated in mitochondria from cytotrophoblast versus syncytiotrophoblast. Of these 29 were statistically significant and chosen for subsequent analysis. These included subunits of ATP synthase that would affect ATP production and cristae structure, carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes phospoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-2, pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), fatty acid metabolizing enzyme acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, stress responses such a glucose regulated protein-78 and protein disulfide isomerase, and mitochondrial dynamics proteins mitofusin 1 and 2. Placental cell biology and mitochondrial function is central to the pathogenesis of many gestational disorders such as preeclampsia, pre-term birth, fetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes. These studies show important shifts in mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics post trophoblast differentiation and provide key molecular targets for study in pathological pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Fisher
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel R McKeating
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - James S Cuffe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Tina Bianco-Miotto
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Olivia J Holland
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Anthony V Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
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19
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King JR, Wilson ML, Hetey S, Kiraly P, Matsuo K, Castaneda AV, Toth E, Krenacs T, Hupuczi P, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Balogh A, Szilagyi A, Matko J, Papp Z, Roman LD, Cortessis VK, Than NG. Dysregulation of Placental Functions and Immune Pathways in Complete Hydatidiform Moles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4999. [PMID: 31658584 PMCID: PMC6829352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20204999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression studies of molar pregnancy have been limited to a small number of candidate loci. We analyzed high-dimensional RNA and protein data to characterize molecular features of complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs) and corresponding pathologic pathways. CHMs and first trimester placentas were collected, histopathologically examined, then flash-frozen or paraffin-embedded. Frozen CHMs and control placentas were subjected to RNA-Seq, with resulting data and published placental RNA-Seq data subjected to bioinformatics analyses. Paraffin-embedded tissues from CHMs and control placentas were used for tissue microarray (TMA) construction, immunohistochemistry, and immunoscoring for galectin-14. Of the 14,022 protein-coding genes expressed in all samples, 3,729 were differentially expressed (DE) in CHMs, of which 72% were up-regulated. DE genes were enriched in placenta-specific genes (OR = 1.88, p = 0.0001), of which 79% were down-regulated, imprinted genes (OR = 2.38, p = 1.54 × 10-6), and immune genes (OR = 1.82, p = 7.34 × 10-18), of which 73% were up-regulated. DNA methylation-related enzymes and histone demethylases were dysregulated. "Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction" was the most impacted of 38 dysregulated pathways, among which 17 were immune-related pathways. TMA-based immunoscoring validated the lower expression of galectin-14 in CHM. In conclusion, placental functions were down-regulated, imprinted gene expression was altered, and immune pathways were activated, indicating complex dysregulation of placental developmental and immune processes in CHMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R King
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Melissa L Wilson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Szabolcs Hetey
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Peter Kiraly
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Koji Matsuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Antonio V Castaneda
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Eszter Toth
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tibor Krenacs
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Petronella Hupuczi
- Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H-1126 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Paulette Mhawech-Fauceglia
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Andrea Balogh
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Andras Szilagyi
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Janos Matko
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H-1126 Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Lynda D Roman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Victoria K Cortessis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary.
- Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H-1126 Budapest, Hungary.
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20
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Balogh A, Toth E, Romero R, Parej K, Csala D, Szenasi NL, Hajdu I, Juhasz K, Kovacs AF, Meiri H, Hupuczi P, Tarca AL, Hassan SS, Erez O, Zavodszky P, Matko J, Papp Z, Rossi SW, Hahn S, Pallinger E, Than NG. Placental Galectins Are Key Players in Regulating the Maternal Adaptive Immune Response. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1240. [PMID: 31275299 PMCID: PMC6593412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectins are potent immunomodulators that regulate maternal immune responses in pregnancy and prevent the rejection of the semi-allogeneic fetus that also occurs in miscarriages. We previously identified a gene cluster on Chromosome 19 that expresses a subfamily of galectins, including galectin-13 (Gal-13) and galectin-14 (Gal-14), which emerged in anthropoid primates. These galectins are expressed only by the placenta and induce the apoptosis of activated T lymphocytes, possibly contributing to a shifted maternal immune balance in pregnancy. The placental expression of Gal-13 and Gal-14 is decreased in preeclampsia, a life-threatening obstetrical syndrome partly attributed to maternal anti-fetal rejection. This study is aimed at revealing the effects of Gal-13 and Gal-14 on T cell functions and comparing the expression of these galectins in placentas from healthy pregnancies and miscarriages. First-trimester placentas were collected from miscarriages and elective termination of pregnancies, tissue microarrays were constructed, and then the expression of Gal-13 and Gal-14 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunoscoring. Recombinant Gal-13 and Gal-14 were expressed and purified, and their effects were investigated on primary peripheral blood T cells. The binding of Gal-13 and Gal-14 to T cells and the effects of these galectins on apoptosis, activation marker (CD25, CD71, CD95, HLA-DR) expression and cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFNγ) production of T cells were examined by flow cytometry. Gal-13 and Gal-14 are primarily expressed by the syncytiotrophoblast at the maternal-fetal interface in the first trimester, and their placental expression is decreased in miscarriages compared to first-trimester controls. Recombinant Gal-13 and Gal-14 bind to T cells in a population- and activation-dependent manner. Gal-13 and Gal-14 induce apoptosis of Th and Tc cell populations, regardless of their activation status. Out of the investigated activation markers, Gal-14 decreases the cell surface expression of CD71, Gal-13 increases the expression of CD25, and both galectins increase the expression of CD95 on T cells. Non-activated T cells produce larger amounts of IL-8 in the presence of Gal-13 or Gal-14. In conclusion, these results show that Gal-13 and Gal-14 already provide an immunoprivileged environment at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy, and their reduced expression is related to miscarriages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Balogh
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Momentum Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Toth
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Momentum Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Katalin Parej
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Momentum Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Structural Biophysics Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diana Csala
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Momentum Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nikolett L Szenasi
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Momentum Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Istvan Hajdu
- Structural Biophysics Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kata Juhasz
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Momentum Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arpad F Kovacs
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Petronella Hupuczi
- Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adi L Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Sonia S Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Offer Erez
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity Department "D", Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Peter Zavodszky
- Structural Biophysics Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Matko
- Department of Immunology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simona W Rossi
- Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sinuhe Hahn
- Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eva Pallinger
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Momentum Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Budapest, Hungary.,First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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21
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Gamage TK, Chamley LW, James JL. Stem cell insights into human trophoblast lineage differentiation. Hum Reprod Update 2016; 23:77-103. [PMID: 27591247 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmw026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human placenta is vital for fetal development, yet little is understood about how it forms successfully to ensure a healthy pregnancy or why this process is inadequate in 1 in 10 pregnancies, leading to miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction or preeclampsia. Trophoblasts are placenta-specific epithelial cells that maximize nutrient exchange. All trophoblast lineages are thought to arise from a population of trophoblast stem cells (TSCs). However, whilst the isolation of murine TSC has led to an explosion in understanding murine placentation, the isolation of an analogous human TSC has proved more difficult. Consequently, alternative methods of studying human trophoblast lineage development have been employed, including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) and transformed cell lines; but what do these proxy models tell us about what is happening during early placental development? OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE In this systematic review, we evaluate current approaches to understanding human trophoblast lineage development in order to collate and refine these models and inform future approaches aimed at establishing human TSC lines. SEARCH METHODS To ensure all relevant articles were analysed, an unfiltered search of Pubmed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science was conducted for 25 key terms on the 13th May 2016. In total, 47 313 articles were retrieved and manually filtered based on non-human, non-English, non-full text, non-original article and off-topic subject matter. This resulted in a total of 71 articles deemed relevant for review in this article. OUTCOMES Candidate human TSC populations have been identified in, and isolated from, both the chorionic membrane and villous tissue of the placenta, but further investigation is required to validate these as 'true' human TSCs. Isolating human TSCs from blastocyst trophectoderm has not been successful in humans as it was in mice, although recently the first reported TSC line (USFB6) was isolated from an eight-cell morula. In lieu of human TSC lines, trophoblast-like cells have been induced to differentiate from hESCs and iPS. However, differentiation in these model systems is difficult to control, culture conditions employed are highly variable, and the extent to which they accurately convey the biology of 'true' human TSCs remains unclear, particularly as a consensus has not been met among the scientific community regarding which characteristics a human TSC must possess. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Human TSC models have the potential to revolutionize our understanding of trophoblast differentiation, allowing us to make significant gains in understanding the underlying pathology of pregnancy disorders and to test potential therapeutic interventions on cell function in vitro. In order to do this, a collaborative effort is required to establish the criteria that define a human TSC to confirm the presence of human TSCs in both primary isolates and to determine how accurately trophoblast-like cells derived from current model systems reflect trophoblast from primary tissue. The in vitro systems currently used to model early trophoblast lineage formation have provided insights into early human placental formation but it is unclear whether these trophoblast-like cells are truly representative of primary human trophoblast. Consequently, continued refinement of current models, and standardization of culture protocols is essential to aid our ability to identify, isolate and propagate 'true' human TSCs from primary tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teena Kjb Gamage
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Lawrence W Chamley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Joanna L James
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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22
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Marr AK, Boughorbel S, Presnell S, Quinn C, Chaussabel D, Kino T. A curated transcriptome dataset collection to investigate the development and differentiation of the human placenta and its associated pathologies. F1000Res 2016; 5:305. [PMID: 27303626 PMCID: PMC4897750 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.8210.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Compendia of large-scale datasets made available in public repositories provide a precious opportunity to discover new biomedical phenomena and to fill gaps in our current knowledge. In order to foster novel insights it is necessary to ensure that these data are made readily accessible to research investigators in an interpretable format. Here we make a curated, public, collection of transcriptome datasets relevant to human placenta biology available for further analysis and interpretation via an interactive data browsing interface. We identified and retrieved a total of 24 datasets encompassing 759 transcriptome profiles associated with the development of the human placenta and associated pathologies from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and present them in a custom web-based application designed for interactive query and visualization of integrated large-scale datasets (
http://placentalendocrinology.gxbsidra.org/dm3/landing.gsp). We also performed quality control checks using relevant biological markers. Multiple sample groupings and rank lists were subsequently created to facilitate data query and interpretation. Via this interface, users can create web-links to customized graphical views which may be inserted into manuscripts for further dissemination, or e-mailed to collaborators for discussion. The tool also enables users to browse a single gene across different projects, providing a mechanism for developing new perspectives on the role of a molecule of interest across multiple biological states. The dataset collection we created here is available at:
http://placentalendocrinology.gxbsidra.org/dm3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Scott Presnell
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charlie Quinn
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
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23
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Shpiz A, Kalma Y, Frumkin T, Telias M, Carmon A, Amit A, Ben-Yosef D. Human embryonic stem cells carrying an unbalanced translocation demonstrate impaired differentiation into trophoblasts: an in vitro model of human implantation failure. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 21:271-80. [PMID: 25391299 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carriers of the balanced translocation t(11;22), the most common reciprocal translocation in humans, are at high risk of creating gametes with unbalanced translocation, leading to repeated miscarriages. Current research models for studying translocated embryos and the biological basis for their implantation failure are limited. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) carrying the unbalanced chromosomal translocation t(11;22) can provide an explanation for repeated miscarriages of unbalanced translocated embryos. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and karyotype analysis were performed to analyze the t(11;22) in embryos during PGD and in the derived hESC line. The hESC line was characterized by RT-PCR and FACS analysis for pluripotent markers. Directed differentiation to trophoblasts was carried out by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). Trophoblast development was analyzed by measuring β-hCG secretion, by β-hCG immunostaining and by gene expression of trophoblastic markers. We derived the first hESC line carrying unbalanced t(11;22), which showed the typical morphological and molecular characteristics of a hESC line. Control hESCs differentiated into trophoblasts secreted increasing levels of β-hCG and concomitantly expressed the trophoblast genes, CDX2, TP63, KRT7, ERVW1, CGA, GCM1, KLF4 and PPARG. In contrast, differentiated translocated hESCs displayed reduced and delayed secretion of β-hCG concomitant with impaired expression of the trophoblastic genes. The reduced activation of trophoblastic genes may be responsible for the impaired trophoblastic differentiation in t(11;22)-hESCs, associated with implantation failure in unbalanced t(11;22) embryos. Our t(11;22) hESCs are presented as a valuable human model for studying the mechanisms underlying implantation failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shpiz
- Wolfe PGD Stem Cell Lab, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Kalma
- Wolfe PGD Stem Cell Lab, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - T Frumkin
- Wolfe PGD Stem Cell Lab, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Telias
- Wolfe PGD Stem Cell Lab, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Carmon
- Wolfe PGD Stem Cell Lab, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Amit
- Wolfe PGD Stem Cell Lab, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Ben-Yosef
- Wolfe PGD Stem Cell Lab, Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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24
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Poidatz D, Dos Santos E, Gronier H, Vialard F, Maury B, De Mazancourt P, Dieudonné MN. Trophoblast syncytialisation necessitates mitochondrial function through estrogen-related receptor-γ activation. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 21:206-16. [PMID: 25376642 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pregnancy needs a correct placentation which depends on adequate cytotrophoblast proliferation, differentiation and invasion. In this study, using specific mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors, we observed a decrease of hormone production (hCG and leptin) and cell fusion of human primary villous cytotrophoblasts (CT). These results demonstrated that mitochondria are involved in the control of CT differentiation process. Moreover, we also observed a decrease of mitochondrial mass associated with an increase of mitochondrial DNA during CT differentiation. Furthermore, lactate production increased during CT differentiation suggesting that anaerobic metabolism was enhanced in differentiated CTs, and that the role of mitochondria in CT fusion is not only related to its energetic function. Otherwise, the orphan nuclear receptor, estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is known to orchestrate transcriptional control of energy metabolism genes. In this study, using RNA knockdown and transcriptional activation with DY131 (an ERRγ agonist), we clearly demonstrated that ERRγ promotes hormone production and cell fusion indicating that ERRγ is a key positive transcriptional factor involved in CT differentiation. Finally, we showed that ERRγ promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and function during CT differentiation, and that the role of ERRγ during trophoblast differentiation is mainly mediated by the control of mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothée Poidatz
- UPRES-EA 2493, Université de Versailles-St Quentin, UFR des sciences de la santé, 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny le Bretonneux, France
| | - Esther Dos Santos
- UPRES-EA 2493, Université de Versailles-St Quentin, UFR des sciences de la santé, 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny le Bretonneux, France Service de biologie médicale, CHI de Poissy-st-Germain, 78300 Poissy, France
| | - Héloïse Gronier
- UPRES-EA 2493, Université de Versailles-St Quentin, UFR des sciences de la santé, 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny le Bretonneux, France
| | - François Vialard
- UPRES-EA 2493, Université de Versailles-St Quentin, UFR des sciences de la santé, 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny le Bretonneux, France Département de Biologie de la Reproduction, Cytogénétique, Gynécologie et Obstétrique, CHI de Poissy-st-Germain, 78300 Poissy, France
| | - Benoit Maury
- UPRES-EA 2493, Université de Versailles-St Quentin, UFR des sciences de la santé, 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny le Bretonneux, France
| | - Philippe De Mazancourt
- UPRES-EA 2493, Université de Versailles-St Quentin, UFR des sciences de la santé, 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny le Bretonneux, France Service de biochimie et génétique moléculaire, Hôpital A. Paré, 92100 Boulogne, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Dieudonné
- UPRES-EA 2493, Université de Versailles-St Quentin, UFR des sciences de la santé, 2 avenue de la source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny le Bretonneux, France
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Hibaoui Y, Feki A. Human pluripotent stem cells as alternative models to study trophoblast development. Front Physiol 2013; 4:374. [PMID: 24381561 PMCID: PMC3865519 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Hibaoui
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geneva University Hospitals Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anis Feki
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geneva University Hospitals Geneva, Switzerland ; Service de gynécologie obstétrique, HFR Fribourg - Hôpital cantonal Fribourg, Switzerland
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Abstract
Whether and how gestational protein restriction (PR) affects placental development and function remain unknown. To test the hypothesis that PR can affect trophoblast differentiation in mid-and late pregnancy, rats were fed a 20% or an isocaloric 6% protein diet from Day 1 to 14 or 18 of pregnancy and effects of PR on trophoblast differentiation were determined by changes in expressions of marker gene(s) for trophoblast lineages. At Day 18 of pregnancy, PR increased expressions of Esrrb, Id1 andId2 (trophoblast stem cell markers), decreased expressions of Ascl2 (spongiotrophblast cell marker) and Prl2c1 (trophoblast giant cell marker), but did not alter expressions of Gjb3 and Pcdh12(glycogen cell markers) in the junctional zone (JZ). In the labyrinth zone (LZ), PR did not change expressions of Prl2b1 (trophoblast giant cell marker), Gcm1 and Syna (syncytiotrophoblast cell markers), but decrease expression of Ctsq (sinusoidal trophoblast giant cell marker). These results indicate that PR impairs the differentiation of trophoblast stem cell into spongiotrophoblast and trophoblast giant cells in JZ, and formation of sinusoidal trophoblast giant cells in LZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
| | - Uma Yallampalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
| | - Chandra Yallampalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
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Ezashi T, Telugu BPVL, Roberts RM. Model systems for studying trophoblast differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 349:809-24. [PMID: 22427062 PMCID: PMC3429771 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on a now well-established model for generating cells of the trophoblast (TB) lineage by treating human embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) with the growth factor BMP4. We first discuss the opposing roles of FGF2 and BMP4 in directing TB formation and the need to exclude the former from the growth medium to minimize the co-induction of mesoderm and endoderm. Under these conditions, there is up-regulation of several transcription factors implicated in TB lineage emergence within 3 h of BMP4 exposure and, over a period of days and especially under a high O(2) gas atmosphere, gradual appearance of cell types carrying markers for more differentiated TB cell types, including extravillous TB and syncytioTB. We describe the potential value of including low molecular weight pharmaceutical agents that block activin A (INHBA) and FGF2 signaling to support BMP4-directed differentiation. We contend that the weight of available evidence supports the contention that BMP4 converts human ESC and iPSC of the so-called epiblast type unidirectionally to TB. We also consider the argument that BMP4 treatment of human ESC in the absence of exogenous FGF2 leads only to the emergence of mesoderm derivatives to be seriously flawed. Instead, we propose that, when signaling networks supporting pluripotency ESC or iPSC become unsustainable and when specification towards extra-embryonic mesoderm and endoderm are rendered inoperative, TB emerges as a major default state to pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Ezashi
- Division of Animal Sciences & Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Bhanu Prakash V. L. Telugu
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, College Park, MD 20742 & Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, ANRI, ARS, USDA, University of Maryland, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA
| | - R. Michael Roberts
- Division of Animal Sciences & Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
- 240b Bond Life Sciences Center, 1201 E. Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65211-7310 USA
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Adibi JJ, Whyatt RM, Hauser R, Bhat HK, Davis BJ, Calafat AM, Hoepner LA, Perera FP, Tang D, Williams PL. Transcriptional biomarkers of steroidogenesis and trophoblast differentiation in the placenta in relation to prenatal phthalate exposure. Environ Health Perspect 2010; 118:291-6. [PMID: 20123604 PMCID: PMC2831932 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates can alter steroidogenesis and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma)mediated transcription in rodent tissues. The placenta offers a rich source of biomarkers to study these relationships in humans. OBJECTIVE We evaluated whether gestational phthalate exposures in humans were associated with altered human placental steroidogenesis and trophoblast differentiation as measured by markers of mRNA transcription. METHODS We measured seven target genes in placentas collected from 54 Dominican and African-American women at delivery in New York City using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), normalized to 18S rRNA. qPCR results for the target genes were log-transformed, converted to Z-scores, and grouped into two functional pathways: steroidogenesis (aromatase, cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, and cytochrome P450 1B1) and trophoblast differentiation (PPARgamma, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and human chorionic gonadotropin). Repeated measures models were used to evaluate the association of phthalate metabolites measured in third-trimester urine samples with each group of target genes, accounting for correlation among the genes within a pathway. RESULTS Higher urinary concentrations of five phthalate metabolites were associated with lower expression of the target genes reflecting trophoblast differentiation. Results were less consistent for genes in the steroidogenesis pathway and suggested a nonlinear dose-response pattern for some phthalate metabolites. CONCLUSIONS We observed a significant association between prenatal exposure to phthalates and placental gene expression within two pathways. Further studies are warranted to understand the significance of this association with respect to fetal development and placental function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Adibi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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