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Barssotti L, Soares GM, Marconato-Júnior E, Lourençoni Alves B, Oliveira KM, Carneiro EM, Boschero AC, Barbosa HCL. KSRP improves pancreatic beta cell function and survival. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6136. [PMID: 38480757 PMCID: PMC10937633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Impaired insulin production and/or secretion by pancreatic beta cells can lead to high blood glucose levels and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, investigating new proteins involved in beta cell response to stress conditions could be useful in finding new targets for therapeutic approaches. KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) is a protein usually involved in gene expression due to its role in post-transcriptional regulation. Although there are studies describing the important role of KSRP in tissues closely related to glucose homeostasis, its effect on pancreatic beta cells has not been explored so far. Pancreatic islets from diet-induced obese mice (C57BL/6JUnib) were used to determine KSRP expression and we also performed in vitro experiments exposing INS-1E cells (pancreatic beta cell line) to different stressors (palmitate or cyclopiazonic acid-CPA) to induce cellular dysfunction. Here we show that KSRP expression is reduced in all the beta cell dysfunction models tested. In addition, when manipulated to knock down KSRP, beta cells exhibited increased death and impaired insulin secretion, whereas KSRP overexpression prevented cell death and increased insulin secretion. Taken together, our findings suggest that KSRP could be an important target to protect beta cells from impaired functioning and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Barssotti
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Moreira Soares
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Emílio Marconato-Júnior
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Bruna Lourençoni Alves
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Kênia Moreno Oliveira
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Boschero
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil
| | - Helena Cristina Lima Barbosa
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083864, Brazil.
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Zangerolamo L, Carvalho M, Barssotti L, Soares GM, Marmentini C, Boschero AC, Barbosa HCL. The bile acid TUDCA reduces age-related hyperinsulinemia in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22273. [PMID: 36564463 PMCID: PMC9789133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26915-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with glucose metabolism disturbances, such as insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, which contribute to the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications in the elderly population. In this sense, some bile acids have emerged as new therapeutic targets to treat TD2, as well as associated metabolic disorders. The taurine conjugated bile acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) improves glucose homeostasis in T2D, obesity, and Alzheimer's disease mice model. However, its effects in aged mice have not been explored yet. Here, we evaluated the actions of TUDCA upon glucose-insulin homeostasis in aged C57BL/6 male mice (18-month-old) treated with 300 mg/kg of TUDCA or its vehicle. TUDCA attenuated hyperinsulinemia and improved glucose homeostasis in aged mice, by enhancing liver insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) expression and insulin clearance. Furthermore, the improvement in glucose-insulin homeostasis in these mice was accompanied by a reduction in adiposity, associated with adipocyte hypertrophy, and lipids accumulation in the liver. TUDCA-treated aged mice also displayed increased energy expenditure and metabolic flexibility, as well as a better cognitive ability. Taken together, our data highlight TUDCA as an interesting target for the attenuation of age-related hyperinsulinemia and its deleterious effects on metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Zangerolamo
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo CEP: 13083-864 Brazil
| | - Marina Carvalho
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo CEP: 13083-864 Brazil
| | - Leticia Barssotti
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo CEP: 13083-864 Brazil
| | - Gabriela M. Soares
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo CEP: 13083-864 Brazil
| | - Carine Marmentini
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo CEP: 13083-864 Brazil
| | - Antonio C. Boschero
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo CEP: 13083-864 Brazil
| | - Helena Cristina L. Barbosa
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo CEP: 13083-864 Brazil
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de Oliveira Neto XA, Barssotti L, Fiori-Duarte AT, Barbosa HCDL, Kawano DF. Entering the sugar rush era: revisiting the antihyperglycemic activities of biguanides after a century of metformin discovery. Curr Med Chem 2022; 30:2542-2561. [PMID: 35996245 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220820151959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of clinically viable metformin analogs is a challenge largely to be overcome. Despite being an extremely efficient drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, multiple studies were conducted seeking to improve its hypoglycemic activity or to ameliorate aspects such as the low oral absorption and the incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. Furthermore, efforts have been made to attribute new activities, or even to expand the pre-existing ones, that could enhance its effects in the diabetes, such as pancreas-protective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this manuscript, we describe the analogs of metformin developed in the last three decades, highlighting the lack of computationally based rational approaches to guide their development. We also discuss this is probably a consequence of how unclear the mechanism of action of the parent drug is and highlight the recent advances towards establishment of the main molecular target(s) for metformin. We also explored the binding of metformin, buformin and phenformin to the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I through molecular docking analyses and reviewed the prospects of applying computational tools to improve the success in the development of such analogs. Therefore, it becomes evident the wide range of molecular targets, as well as the multiple activities displayed by metformin, make this drug a promising prototype for the development of novel entities, particularly for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xisto Antonio de Oliveira Neto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas - Campinas-SP, Brazil.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia Barssotti
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-864 Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Thereza Fiori-Duarte
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-871 Campinas-SP, Brazil.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Cristina de Lima Barbosa
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-864 Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fábio Kawano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-871 Campinas-SP, Brazil.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas-SP, Brazil
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Barssotti L, Abreu ICME, Brandão ABP, Albuquerque RCMF, Ferreira FG, Salgado MAC, Dias DDS, De Angelis K, Yokota R, Casarini DE, Souza LB, Taddei CR, Cunha TS. Saccharomyces boulardii modulates oxidative stress and renin angiotensin system attenuating diabetes-induced liver injury in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9189. [PMID: 33911129 PMCID: PMC8080591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88497-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to a deficiency in endogenous insulin production, resulting from pancreatic beta cell death. Persistent hyperglycemia leads to enhanced oxidative stress and liver injury. Several studies have evaluated the anti-diabetic and protective effects of probiotic strains in animal models. In the present study, we investigated, through histopathological and biochemical analyses, the effects of eight weeks of administration of Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) yeast on the liver of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice. Our results demonstrated that S. boulardii attenuates hepatocytes hydropic degeneration and hepatic vessels congestion in STZ-induced diabetic mice. The treatment attenuated the oxidative stress in diabetic mice leading to a reduction of carbonylated protein concentration and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, compared to untreated diabetic animals. The results also show the beneficial influence of S. boulardii in regulating the hepatic concentration of renin angiotensin system (RAS) peptides. Therefore, our results demonstrated that S. boulardii administration to STZ-induced diabetic mice reduces oxidative stress and normalizes the concentration of RAS peptides, supporting the hypothesis that this yeast may have a role as a potential adjunctive therapy to attenuate diabetes-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Barssotti
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Isabel C M E Abreu
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz P Brandão
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana G Ferreira
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Miguel A C Salgado
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, State University Julio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Danielle D S Dias
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Yokota
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dulce E Casarini
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia B Souza
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla R Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo (Usp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana S Cunha
- Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil.
- Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp) - Institute of Science and Technology, Talim, 330 - Vila Nair, São José dos Campos, SP, 12231-280, Brazil.
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