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Ferreira JBS, Rigo DCA, Costa LR, Freire MCM. Prevalence of negative behaviour in the dental setting and association with sociodemographic, oral health-related and psychosocial factors amongst Brazilian preschool children. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023:10.1007/s40368-023-00815-0. [PMID: 37378788 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence of negative behaviour in preschool children attending dental clinics and its association with sociodemographic, oral health-related and parental psychosocial factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out with 145 parents/guardians and their children aged 4-6 years attending paediatric dentistry training programmes in a capital city of Midwest Brazil. Data were obtained from children's dental records, interviews, and questionnaires for parents/guardians. The outcome was negative child behaviour, based on the dentists' use or indication of behavioural control measures during the dental appointments, as registered in the children's dental records. Covariates were sociodemographic, clinical and parent/guardian psychosocial factors religiosity (DUREL index) and Sense of Coherence (SOC-13 scale). Bivariate analyses and Poisson regression with robust variance were performed. RESULTS The prevalence of negative behaviour was 24.1% (95% CI = 17.9-31.7). In the bivariate analyses, the variables initially selected for the regression models (p < 0.25) were the parent/guardians' number of children and religiosity, and the children's dental pain and caries status in deciduous teeth. After adjustment, the prevalence of negative behaviour was 2.12 higher in children with teeth extracted due to caries. CONCLUSION The prevalence of negative behaviour was high and associated with the presence of missing teeth due to caries, regardless of sociodemographic, psychosocial, and other oral health factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B S Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - D C A Rigo
- Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - L R Costa
- Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - M C M Freire
- Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Chagas MA, Custodio LP, Gusmão BS, Costa IM, Julião GH, Bordolini SLS, Costa LR, Bosculo MRM, Moreira TF, Almeida BFM, Reis Filho NP, Romão FG, Abimussi CJX, Floriano BP. Corrigendum to Propofol at Single Bolus and Continuous Rate Infusion Significantly Increases Serum Triglycerides, but not Cholesterol, In Healthy Bitches Undergoing Elective Ovariohysterectomy. Topics in Companion Animal Medicine, 45 (2021), 100560. Top Companion Anim Med 2023; 53-54:100760. [PMID: 36842954 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M A Chagas
- Undergraduate student at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - L P Custodio
- Undergraduate student at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - B S Gusmão
- Undergraduate student at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - I M Costa
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - G H Julião
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - S L S Bordolini
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - L R Costa
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - M R M Bosculo
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - T F Moreira
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - B F M Almeida
- Professor at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (UNIFIO), BR153 338km + 420m, 00018-930, Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - N P Reis Filho
- Professor at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (UNIFIO), BR153 338km + 420m, 00018-930, Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - F G Romão
- Professor at the Faculty of Superior Teaching and Integral Formation of Garça (FAEF), Cmte. João Ribeiro de Barros Rd., 420km, Garça, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - C J X Abimussi
- Professor at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (UNIFIO), BR153 338km + 420m, 00018-930, Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - B P Floriano
- Professor at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (UNIFIO), BR153 338km + 420m, 00018-930, Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil.
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Baroni DA, Corrêa-Faria P, Anabuki AA, Abreu LG, Costa LR. Nociception associated with pain/distress in young children sedated for dental treatment: a clinical study with objective and subjective measures. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023; 24:255-262. [PMID: 36705850 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between children's pain/distress levels and patient characteristics (age, sex, history of dental pain), sedation type (level of sedation, sedative regimen), nociception and pain intensity reported by the parents in sedated children undergoing minimally invasive dental treatment. METHODS This clinical study evaluated secondary outcomes of an RCT that evaluated the efficacy of dexmedetomidine sedation with or without ketamine. Only children who had nociception levels recorded using the Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) were included (0-100; 0 = highest nociception). FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability) was used to assess children's pain/distress (0-10; 0 = no pain/distress). Parental proxy report of the child's pain intensity during the treatment was performed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS; 0-100; 0 = no pain). The association between ANI, children's age and sex, dental pain history, sedation level, sedative regimen, and VAS with the FLACC was verified using the generalised estimation equation analysis (alpha 0.05). RESULTS Participants were 31 children (51.6% boys) and their parents (90.3% mothers). Median FLACC was 3.3 (25th-75th percentiles 1.7-8.2), ANI 80.9 (74.7-85.8), and VAS 10 (1-23). FLACC associated with ANI (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.93-0.99; p = 0.02), moderate sedation (0.13; 0.03-0.50; p = 0.003), and VAS (1.05; 1.01-1.10; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Pain/distress was generally low and more prominent with minimal (versus moderate) sedation and higher nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Baroni
- Dentistry Post-Graduate Programme, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - P Corrêa-Faria
- Dentistry Post-Graduate Programme, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - A A Anabuki
- Dentistry Post-Graduate Programme, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - L G Abreu
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - L R Costa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Martins TDO, Ramos RC, Possidonio G, Bosculo MRM, Oliveira PL, Costa LR, Zamboni VAG, Marques MG, de Almeida BFM. Feline obesity causes hematological and biochemical changes and oxidative stress - a pilot study. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:167-177. [PMID: 35778642 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-09940-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, an extremely important factor in feline clinical practice, is estimated to affect up to one third of the feline population. Moreover, it can trigger chronic inflammation, which could predispose to oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species, thereby generating potentially irreversible cellular damage. This study analyzed hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress profiles at various degrees of feline obesity. Forty-five cats were selected and divided into three groups: control (n = 17), overweight (n = 13) and obese (n = 15), after clinical and laboratory evaluation and body condition score. Biochemical and oxidative stress analyses were performed using a photocolorimeter and hematological analyses were performed in a veterinary cell counter. Obese cats showed increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV), red cell distribution width (RDW), HDL cholesterol and triglycerides and decreased activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) than control cats, although within the reference ranges for the species. As for oxidative stress, obese cats showed higher total antioxidant capacity (TAC), by the inhibition of 2,2'-Azino-Bis-3-Ethylbenzthiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid (ABTS), inhibition of ABTS associated with horseradish peroxidase (ABTS + HRP), cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, while overweight cats had a higher TAC-ABTS + HRP and TAC-FRAP than control cats. We conclude that the conditions of natural obesity and overweight in the feline species alter its hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainara de Oliveira Martins
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Rodovia BR 153, km 338, Bairro Água do Cateto, 19909-100, Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rebecca Cápera Ramos
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Rodovia BR 153, km 338, Bairro Água do Cateto, 19909-100, Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Geovana Possidonio
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Rodovia BR 153, km 338, Bairro Água do Cateto, 19909-100, Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Rachel Melo Bosculo
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Rodovia BR 153, km 338, Bairro Água do Cateto, 19909-100, Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Lima Oliveira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (FMVA-Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia Ramos Costa
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Rodovia BR 153, km 338, Bairro Água do Cateto, 19909-100, Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Aquiles Gomes Zamboni
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Rodovia BR 153, km 338, Bairro Água do Cateto, 19909-100, Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcel Gambin Marques
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Rodovia BR 153, km 338, Bairro Água do Cateto, 19909-100, Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Breno Fernando Martins de Almeida
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Rodovia BR 153, km 338, Bairro Água do Cateto, 19909-100, Ourinhos, SP, Brazil. .,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (FMVA-Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
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Chagas MA, Custodio LP, Gusmão BS, Costa IM, Julião GH, Bordolini S, Costa LR, Bosculo M, Moreira TF, Almeida B, Reis Filho NP, Romão FG, Abimussi C, Floriano BP. Propofol at Single Bolus and Continuous Rate Infusion Significantly Increases Serum Triglycerides, but not Cholesterol, In Healthy Bitches Undergoing Elective Ovariohysterectomy. Top Companion Anim Med 2021; 45:100560. [PMID: 34260989 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a single bolus and continuous rate infusion (CRI) of 1% propofol on cholesterol and triglyceride levels of healthy bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. 10 healthy bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy had blood samples obtained at baseline (TB), 15 minutes following premedication with acepromazine and morphine (TPM), after an intravenous bolus of propofol (induction to anesthesia, TIND) and following 90 minutes of CRI of propofol started at 0.4 mg kg-1 min-1 and adjusted according to individual requirements (TCRI). Data were initially tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test, and comparisons were performed using Friedman followed by Dunn post-hoc test. Serum cholesterol levels significantly decreased at TIND and TCRI (median [min-max] 201 mg dL-1 [111-234 mg dL-1], and 215 mg dL-1 [111-239 mg dL-1]), respectively, compared with TB (232 [128-245 mg dL-1]) and TPM (206 [115-255 mg dL-1]). No differences were found between TIND and TCRI. Triglyceride levels increased significantly at TIND (120 [67-231 mg dL-1]) and TCRI (229 [73-549 mg dL-1]) compared with TPM (36 [51-29 mg dL-1]), and TCRI compared with TB. In conclusion, 1% propofol lipid emulsion significantly increases serum triglycerides and causes lipemia in healthy dogs at a single bolus or CRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Chagas
- Undergraduate student at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - L P Custodio
- Undergraduate student at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - B S Gusmão
- Undergraduate student at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - I M Costa
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - G H Julião
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Sls Bordolini
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - L R Costa
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Mrm Bosculo
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - T F Moreira
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Bfm Almeida
- Professor at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (UNIFIO), BR153 338km + 420m, 00018-930, Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - N P Reis Filho
- Professor at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (UNIFIO), BR153 338km + 420m, 00018-930, Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - F G Romão
- Professor at the Faculty of Superior Teaching and Integral Formation of Garça (FAEF), Cmte. João Ribeiro de Barros Rd., 420km, , Garça, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Cjx Abimussi
- Professor at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (UNIFIO), BR153 338km + 420m, 00018-930, Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - B P Floriano
- Professor at the University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (UNIFIO), BR153 338km + 420m, 00018-930, Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil.
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Green SM, Leroy PL, Roback MG, Irwin MG, Andolfatto G, Babl FE, Barbi E, Costa LR, Absalom A, Carlson DW, Krauss BS, Roelofse J, Yuen VM, Alcaino E, Costa PS, Mason KP. An international multidisciplinary consensus statement on fasting before procedural sedation in adults and children. Anaesthesia 2019; 75:374-385. [PMID: 31792941 PMCID: PMC7064977 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The multidisciplinary International Committee for the Advancement of Procedural Sedation presents the first fasting and aspiration prevention recommendations specific to procedural sedation, based on an extensive review of the literature. These were developed using Delphi methodology and assessment of the robustness of the available evidence. The literature evidence is clear that fasting, as currently practiced, often substantially exceeds recommended time thresholds and has known adverse consequences, for example, irritability, dehydration and hypoglycaemia. Fasting does not guarantee an empty stomach, and there is no observed association between aspiration and compliance with common fasting guidelines. The probability of clinically important aspiration during procedural sedation is negligible. In the post-1984 literature there are no published reports of aspiration-associated mortality in children, no reports of death in healthy adults (ASA physical status 1 or 2) and just nine reported deaths in adults of ASA physical status 3 or above. Current concerns about aspiration are out of proportion to the actual risk. Given the lower observed frequency of aspiration and mortality than during general anaesthesia, and the theoretical basis for assuming a lesser risk, fasting strategies in procedural sedation can reasonably be less restrictive. We present a consensus-derived algorithm in which each patient is first risk-stratified during their pre-sedation assessment, using evidence-based factors relating to patient characteristics, comorbidities, the nature of the procedure and the nature of the anticipated sedation technique. Graded fasting precautions for liquids and solids are then recommended for elective procedures based upon this categorisation of negligible, mild or moderate aspiration risk. This consensus statement can serve as a resource to practitioners and policymakers who perform and oversee procedural sedation in patients of all ages, worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Green
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - P L Leroy
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M G Roback
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M G Irwin
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - G Andolfatto
- University of British, Columbia Department of Emergency Medicine, Lions Gate Hospital, North Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - F E Babl
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - E Barbi
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - L R Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiania-Goias, Brazil
| | - A Absalom
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - D W Carlson
- Department of Pediatrics, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - B S Krauss
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Roelofse
- Departments of Anaesthesia, University of the Western Cape, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Republic of South Africa
| | - V M Yuen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hong Kong Children's Hospital and Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - E Alcaino
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, University of Sydney, Westmead Centre for Oral Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - P S Costa
- Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Goias, Goiania-Goias, Brazil
| | - K P Mason
- Department of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Costa LR, Seahorn TL, Moore RM, Oliver JL, Hosgood GL. Plasma and bronchoalveolar fluid concentrations of nitric oxide and localization of nitric oxide synthesis in the lungs of horses with summer pasture-associated obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Vet Res 2001; 62:1381-6. [PMID: 11560264 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and localize nitric oxide synthesis in the lungs of horses with summer pasture-associated obstructive pulmonary disease (SPAOPD). ANIMALS 7 adult horses with SPAOPD and 6 clinically normal adult horses. PROCEDURE Severity of SPAOPD was determined by use of clinical scores, change in intrapleural pressure (APpl) during tidal breathing, cytologic analysis of BALF, and histologic evaluation of lung specimens obtained during necropsy. Nitric oxide concentrations in plasma, BALF and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) were determined by use of a chemiluminescent method. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitrotyrosine (NT) were localized in formalin-fixed lung specimens by use of immunohistochemical staining, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPHd) activity was localized in cryopreserved specimens by use of histochemical staining. RESULTS Plasma concentration of NO in affected horses was slightly but not significantly greater than concentration in nonaffected horses. Nitric oxide concentrations in BALF or ELF did not differ between groups. Immunoreactivity of iNOS in bronchial epithelial cells of 3 of 5 lung lobes was greater in horses with SPAOPD, compared with nonaffected horses. However, staining for NT and NADPHd activity did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Expression of iNOS was greater in bronchial epithelial cells of horses with SPAOPD, compared with nonaffected horses, suggesting that NO may play a role in amplifying the inflammatory process in the airways of horses with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Costa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA
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8
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Costa LR, Seahorn TL, Moore RM, Taylor HW, Gaunt SD, Beadle RE. Correlation of clinical score, intrapleural pressure, cytologic findings of bronchoalveolar fluid, and histopathologic lesions of pulmonary tissue in horses with summer pasture-associated obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Vet Res 2000; 61:167-73. [PMID: 10685689 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2000.61.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To correlate clinical score, intrapleural pressure, cytologic findings of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and histologic lesions of pulmonary tissue in horses affected with summer pasture-associated obstructive pulmonary disease (SPAOPD). ANIMALS 8 adult horses affected with SPAOPD and 6 adult horses without evidence of respiratory tract disease. PROCEDURE Clinical score, change in intrapleural pressure (deltaPpl) during tidal breathing, results of cytologic examination and bacteriologic culture of BALF, and results of histologic examination of pulmonary parenchyma were evaluated. RESULTS Clinical scores for SPAOPD-affected horses (median, 5.75; range, 4.0 to 7.5) were significantly greater, compared with clinically normal horses (median, 2.0; range, 2.0 to 3.0). Cytologic examination of BALF from SPAOPD-affected horses revealed predominantly nondegenerate neutrophils. Histologic lesions were identified throughout pulmonary tissue and included severe accumulation of mucus and neutrophils within the small airways, metaplasia of bronchiolar goblet cells, and mild peribronchial infiltrate. Histologic examination of specimens collected via percutaneous biopsy was predictive of disease and corresponded to findings at postmortem examination. Clinical score and deltaPpl were highly correlated with mucus accumulation in the airways of affected horses. Peribronchial inflammatory infiltrate correlated with percentage of neutrophils in BALF of affected horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinical scoring and deltaPpl provided valid estimates of disease severity. Findings from cytologic examination of BALF of SPAOPD-affected horses varied, although, in most instances, it was diagnostically useful. Severe mucus accumulation in the airways was the most remarkable histopathologic finding in SPAOPD-affected horses. Examination of biopsy specimens collected from pulmonary parenchyma was consistently useful in diagnosing SPAOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Costa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA
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9
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Costa LR, Mirza MH, Williams J, Evans DE, McClure JJ. What is your diagnosis? Extensive alveolar pattern in the caudodorsal and caudoventral aspects of the right and left lungs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999; 215:623-4. [PMID: 10476704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L R Costa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803-8410, USA
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Costa LR, Watanabe I, Fava M. Three-dimensional aspects of etched enamel in non-erupted deciduous teeth. Braz Dent J 1999; 9:95-100. [PMID: 10219122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid etching with phosphoric acid on the prismless layer of human dental enamel may produce different patterns of dissolution. Consequently, the presence of several patterns of enamel acid conditioning may indicate better or worse formation of resin tags. In this study, the heterogeneous patterns of 35% phosphoric acid conditioning of human non-erupted deciduous teeth were reported. SEM images demonstrated type I, type II and type III aspects reported by Silverstone et al. (Caries Research 1975; 9:373-387), in spite of the etching time used and the surface area (buccal incisal, middle or cervical thirds). These characteristic features on the enamel surface may indicate the convenient use of this technique in deciduous teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Costa
- Departamento de Pedodontia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil
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Mirza MH, Costa LR, Paccamonti D, Seahorn TL. Theriogenology question of the month. Toxicosis associated with fescue grass infected with the endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum (formerly Acremonium coenophialum). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 213:1405-6. [PMID: 9828929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M H Mirza
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803-8410, USA
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Costa LR, Villena RS, Sucasas PS, Birman EG. Oral findings in pediatric AIDS: a case control study in Brazilian children. ASDC J Dent Child 1998; 65:186-90. [PMID: 9668947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was performed to verify the oral status in forty-one-children, four months to twelve years old, with antibodies anti-HIV detected by ELISA and Western-blot, in comparison to children with no risk for AIDS. Intraoral and extraoral examinations were performed, and dental and medical history was also obtained. Representative oral findings in AIDS group were cervical lymphadenopathy (53.7 percent), pseudomembranous candidosis (22 percent), angular cheilitis (9.8 percent), parotid enlargement (7.3 percent), erythematous candidosis (4.9 percent), and ulcers (4.9 percent). Control group included only two children with cervical lymphadenopathy. Considering the mean values for dmft and DMFT, there were no statistically significant differences (Student's t test) between the two groups (p < 0.05). While oral soft-tissue lesions were frequently observed in HIV antibodies in seropositive children, dental caries could not be associated primarily with AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Costa
- Department of Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil
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Abstract
Ribotyping and susceptibility to 17 antimicrobial agents were used to compare 37 isolates of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (28 from horses, 1 from cattle, 3 from sheep and 5 from goats) derived from various types of lesions, and different geographic locations. According to the presence of nitrate reductase, all but one isolate from horses reduced nitrate (nitrate-positive), whereas all isolates from sheep and goats were unable to reduce nitrate (nitrate-negative). The ribotype of the nitrate-negative isolate from a horse with ulcerative lymphangitis was identical to all the other isolates from horses, and different than the ribotype of nitrate-negative isolates from sheep and goats. Ribotyping with one of the restriction endonucleases, Apa 1, revealed differences between, but not within, the two biotypes. However, ribotyping with Pst 1 endonuclease revealed one variant within the equine biotype and one variant within the ovine biotype. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC; microgram/ml) of antimicrobial agents against isolates from nitrate-negative and nitrate-positive groups was very similar, with the exception of isolates from sheep and goats which had a higher MIC for amikacin than isolates from horses and cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Costa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
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Costa LR, Santos IK, Issel CJ, Montelaro RC. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and disease severity after immunization with enriched major core protein (p26) and/or infection with equine infectious anemia virus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1997; 57:33-47. [PMID: 9239836 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(96)05770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardinal features of equine infectious anemia (EIA) include fever, hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia during the acute phase of the disease, and cachexia and anemia seen during the chronic phase. These signs are thought to result from the release of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha. In order to determine if TNF-alpha has a role in the pathogenesis of acute EIA and vaccine-induced disease enhancement, we measured plasma concentrations of TNF-alpha in ponies immunized with virus enriched major core protein-p26 and/or experimentally infected with EIAV. Naturally infected inapparent EIAV carriers were also studied. TNF-alpha levels were determined by means of a WEHI 164, clone 13 cytotoxicity assay. We show a significant positive temporal correlation between TNF-alpha levels, severity of symptoms (fever and thrombocytopenia) and viremia. Furthermore, TNF-alpha levels also correlate with strain virulence and the disease enhancement seen in vaccinated ponies. Of this group of animals, those challenged with a heterologous virulent strain presented the most unfavorable outcome as well as the highest levels of TNF-alpha and viremia. The TNF-alpha activity observed in the bioassay was completely abrogated by a polyclonal rabbit anti-human TNF-alpha antiserum, thus confirming the specificity of the plasma cytotoxicity. Our observations indicate that TNF-alpha production correlates with the outcome of infection with EIAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Costa
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546, USA
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Allen G, Yeargan M, Costa LR, Cross R. Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in horses infected with equine herpesvirus 1. J Virol 1995; 69:606-12. [PMID: 7983765 PMCID: PMC188619 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.69.1.606-612.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
An experimental system that permits sensitive and reproducible detection of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the horse was developed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from immune horses were restimulated in vitro by culture with live EHV-1. Cytotoxic activity against virus-infected, pokeweed mitogen-stimulated lymphoblast targets was assessed in a 4-h 51Cr release assay. The optimal conditions for in vitro stimulation of equine memory CTLs and for preparation of EHV-1-infected target cells expressing viral antigens were systematically identified by individually testing the effects of variations in responder cell concentration, culture medium composition, serum type, incubation time, antigen form, and exogenous mediator content. By using this optimized system for generation and assay of equine CTLs, the development of EHV-1-specific cytotoxic responses in 12 horses was evaluated after experimental viral infection. CTLs with the capacity for killing EHV-1-infected target cells were detected in equine PBMC as early as 1 week postinfection, reached maximal levels by 2 to 3 weeks, and remained detectable for a year after infection. Equine effector cells mediating lysis of EHV-1-infected targets were predominantly CD8+ T lymphocytes, and the cytotoxicity was specific for virus and restricted by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. The results define a reliable and convenient experimental system for generation and assay of EHV-1 CTLs which can now be used for more-detailed characterization of the equine CTL response to infection by this herpesvirus pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Allen
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546
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Costa LR, Ribeiro MR, dos Reis S. [Screening of HIV infection in prisoner++ populations at prison facilities in the Southern region]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 1991; 4:285-7. [PMID: 1807090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Blood samples collected from 1017 individuals incarcerated in the prisons of Caxias, Linhó and Tires, during 1990, were tested for anti-HIV. Rates of seropositivity were interpreted in the view of statistical data issued from the Council of Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Costa
- Hospital Prisional S. João de Deus, Caxias
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Costa LR, D'Elia PR. [Familial tinea caused by Trichophyton verrucosum]. Hospital (Rio J) 1970; 77:1347-54. [PMID: 5315578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Costa LR. [1st findings of Isospora hominis in Rio Grande to Sul]. Hospital (Rio J) 1970; 77:641-4. [PMID: 5311390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Costa LR. [Verrucous sporotricosis. Report of a case with delayed laboratory diagnosis in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul]. Hospital (Rio J) 1969; 75:2119-21. [PMID: 5311468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Costa LR. [Trichophyton verrucosum in human parasitism (report of 3 cases)]. An Bras Dermatol 1969; 44:115-20. [PMID: 5406607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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