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Ni CL, Lin YT, Lu LY, Wang JH, Liu WC, Kuo SH, Pan MK. Tracking motion kinematics and tremor with intrinsic oscillatory property of instrumental mechanics. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10432. [PMID: 36925695 PMCID: PMC10013767 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracking kinematic details of motor behaviors is a foundation to study the neuronal mechanism and biology of motor control. However, most of the physiological motor behaviors and movement disorders, such as gait, balance, tremor, dystonia, and myoclonus, are highly dependent on the overall momentum of the whole-body movements. Therefore, tracking the targeted movement and overall momentum simultaneously is critical for motor control research, but it remains an unmet need. Here, we introduce the intrinsic oscillatory property (IOP), a fundamental mechanical principle of physics, as a method for motion tracking in a force plate. The overall kinetic energy of animal motions can be transformed into the oscillatory amplitudes at the designed IOP frequency of the force plate, while the target movement has its own frequency features and can be tracked simultaneously. Using action tremor as an example, we reported that force plate-based IOP approach has superior performance and reliability in detecting both tremor severity and tremor frequency, showing a lower level of coefficient of variation (CV) compared with video- and accelerometer-based motion tracking methods and their combination. Under the locomotor suppression effect of medications, therapeutic effects on tremor severity can still be quantified by dynamically adjusting the overall locomotor activity detected by IOP. We further validated IOP method in optogenetic-induced movements and natural movements, confirming that IOP can represent the intensity of general rhythmic and nonrhythmic movements, thus it can be generalized as a common approach to study kinematics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lun Ni
- Department of Neurology Columbia University New York New York USA.,The Initiative for Columbia Ataxia and Tremor New York New York USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | - Yi-Ting Lin
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan.,Department of Psychology National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Lu
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Jia-Huei Wang
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica Taipei City Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuan Liu
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica Taipei City Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology Columbia University New York New York USA.,The Initiative for Columbia Ataxia and Tremor New York New York USA
| | - Ming-Kai Pan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica Taipei City Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei City Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei City Taiwan.,Cerebellar Research Center National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch Yun-Lin Taiwan
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2
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Liu ZH, Qi DD, Li X, Zhang SQ, Zhao Y, Fu LX, Lu LY. LncRNA SNHG14 promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via regulating miR-185-5p/WISP2 axis. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 35:605-615. [PMID: 33928771 DOI: 10.23812/20-391-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) is vital for bone formation, and its dysfunction is linked to osteoporosis (OP). In this work, we explored the function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) in regulating osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. In the present study, the expression of SNHG14 in hBMSCs obtained from OP patients was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). SNHG14 was over-expressed or knocked down in hBMSCs, and the expression levels of OP-related genes (ALP, OCN, and OPN) in hBMSCs were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. StarBase database and miRanda database were used to predict the binding sites between SNHG14 and miR-185-5p, and between miR-185-5p and 3'UTR of WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2 (WISP2), respectively. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to validate the binding relationship between SNHG14 and miR-185-5p, and miR-185-5p and 3'UTR of WISP2, respectively. Here, we report that SNHG14 was significantly down-regulated in hBMSCs obtained from patients with OP. Overexpression of SNHG14 promoted osteogenic differentiation, while knockdown of SNHG14 worked oppositely. Mechanistically, miR-185-5p was demonstrated to be a target of SNHG14, and could reverse the function of SNHG14. Additionally, WISP2 was identified as a target gene of miR-185-5p in hBMSCs and could be indirectly regulated by SNHG14. Taken together, down-regulation of SNHG14 in hBMSCs accelerated the progression of OP via regulating miR-185-5p/WISP2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - D D Qi
- Department of Spinal Surgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Orthopedics, South of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S Q Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, South of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Nursing, South of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L X Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, South of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Y Lu
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Pan MK, Li YS, Wong SB, Ni CL, Wang YM, Liu WC, Lu LY, Lee JC, Cortes EP, Vonsattel JPG, Sun Q, Louis ED, Faust PL, Kuo SH. Cerebellar oscillations driven by synaptic pruning deficits of cerebellar climbing fibers contribute to tremor pathophysiology. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/526/eaay1769. [PMID: 31941824 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most common movement disorders and the prototypical disorder for abnormal rhythmic movements. However, the pathophysiology of tremor generation in ET remains unclear. Here, we used autoptic cerebral tissue from patients with ET, clinical data, and mouse models to report that synaptic pruning deficits of climbing fiber (CF)-to-Purkinje cell (PC) synapses, which are related to glutamate receptor delta 2 (GluRδ2) protein insufficiency, cause excessive cerebellar oscillations and might be responsible for tremor. The CF-PC synaptic pruning deficits were correlated with the reduction in GluRδ2 expression in the postmortem ET cerebellum. Mice with GluRδ2 insufficiency and CF-PC synaptic pruning deficits develop ET-like tremor that can be suppressed with viral rescue of GluRδ2 protein. Step-by-step optogenetic or pharmacological inhibition of neuronal firing, axonal activity, or synaptic vesicle release confirmed that the activity of the excessive CF-to-PC synapses is required for tremor generation. In vivo electrophysiology in mice showed that excessive cerebellar oscillatory activity is CF dependent and necessary for tremor and optogenetic-driven PC synchronization was sufficient to generate tremor in wild-type animals. Human validation by cerebellar electroencephalography confirmed that excessive cerebellar oscillations also exist in patients with ET. Our findings identify a pathophysiologic contribution to tremor at molecular (GluRδ2), structural (CF-to-PC synapses), physiological (cerebellar oscillations), and behavioral levels (kinetic tremor) that might have clinical applications for treating ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Kai Pan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City 10002, Taiwan. .,Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan.,Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan.,Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin 64041, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Shi Li
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shi-Bing Wong
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lun Ni
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yi-Mei Wang
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin 64041, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuan Liu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City 10002, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Lu
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan
| | - Jye-Chang Lee
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan
| | - Etty P Cortes
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jean-Paul G Vonsattel
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA
| | - Elan D Louis
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.,Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Phyllis L Faust
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. .,Initiative of Columbia Ataxia and Tremor, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Gong YF, Han W, Cui Y, Li LY, Lu LY, Ren CN. Therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone in uterine fibroids. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1437-1443. [PMID: 32893608 DOI: 10.23812/20-182-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y F Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - W Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Y Cui
- Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - L Y Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - L Y Lu
- Personnel Section, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - C N Ren
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Pei JC, Hung WL, Lin BX, Shih MH, Lu LY, Luo DZ, Tai HC, Studer V, Min MY, Lai WS. Therapeutic potential and underlying mechanism of sarcosine (N-methylglycine) in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction models of schizophrenia. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:1288-1302. [PMID: 31294644 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119856558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compelling animal and clinical studies support the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia and suggest promising pharmacological agents to ameliorate negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia, including sarcosine, a glycine transporter-1 inhibitor. AIMS AND METHODS It is imperative to evaluate the therapeutic potential of sarcosine in animal models, which provide indispensable tools for testing drug effects in detail and elucidating the underlying mechanisms. In this study, a series of seven experiments was conducted to investigate the effect of sarcosine in ameliorating behavioral deficits and the underlying mechanism in pharmacological (i.e., MK-801-induced) and genetic (i.e., serine racemase-null mutant (SR-/-) mice) NMDAR hypofunction models. RESULTS In Experiment 1, the acute administration of 500/1000 mg/kg sarcosine (i.p.) had no adverse effects on motor function and serum biochemical responses. In Experiments 2-4, sarcosine significantly alleviated MK-801-induced (0.2 mg/kg) brain abnormalities and behavioral deficits in MK-801-induced and SR-/- mouse models. In Experiment 5, the injection of sarcosine enhanced CSF levels of glycine and serine in rat brain. In Experiments 6-7, we show for the first time that sarcosine facilitated NMDAR-mediated hippocampal field excitatory postsynaptic potentials and influenced the movement of surface NMDARs at extrasynaptic sites. CONCLUSIONS Sarcosine effectively regulated the surface trafficking of NMDARs, NMDAR-evoked electrophysiological activity, brain glycine levels and MK-801-induced abnormalities in the brain, which contributed to the amelioration of behavioral deficits in mouse models of NMDAR hypofunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Chun Pei
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Li Hung
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bei-Xuan Lin
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Han Shih
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Lu
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Da-Zhong Luo
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hwan-Ching Tai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vincent Studer
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Bordeaux, France
| | - Ming-Yuan Min
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sung Lai
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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6
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Xu P, Li XN, Xu X, Cheng YN, Yu D, Lu LY. [Use of alveolar bone mucosa-periosteal bone flap in dental implantation]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 51:688-690. [PMID: 27806763 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To introduce a method of increasing the width of alveolar bone. The patient, who needed dental implantation and had narrow alveolar bone, was selected. The preparation of mucosa-periosteal bone flap included two surgeries. The first surgery was corticotomy, which made a square cortex cut on narrow alveolar bone region. The second surgery was performed four weeks after the first one, which split the alveolar bone and inserted implants. Artificial bone and/or autologous bone was filled between inner and outer bone plate, and collagen membrane and platelet-rich fibrin membrane were used to cover the wound. This technique maintained the blood supply of labial(buccal) alveolar bone completely. Artificial bone and/or autologous bone graft contacted with cancellous bone directly and led to better bone growth and bone formation. Alveolar bone mucosa-periosteal bone flap can maintain the labial(buccal) alveolar bone effectively and avoid bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Xu
- Department of Oral Implant, Stomatology Center, Affiliate Haikou Hospital of Central South University Xiangya Medical School & Hainan Provincial Stomatology Center, Haikou 570208, China
| | - X N Li
- Department of Oral Implant, Stomatology Center, Affiliate Haikou Hospital of Central South University Xiangya Medical School & Hainan Provincial Stomatology Center, Haikou 570208, China
| | - Xhy Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Y N Cheng
- Department of Oral Implant, Stomatology Center, Affiliate Haikou Hospital of Central South University Xiangya Medical School & Hainan Provincial Stomatology Center, Haikou 570208, China
| | - D Yu
- Department of Oral Implant, Stomatology Center, Affiliate Haikou Hospital of Central South University Xiangya Medical School & Hainan Provincial Stomatology Center, Haikou 570208, China
| | - L Y Lu
- Department of Oral Implant, Stomatology Center, Affiliate Haikou Hospital of Central South University Xiangya Medical School & Hainan Provincial Stomatology Center, Haikou 570208, China
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7
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Lu LY, Zhu Y, Sun Q. A retrospective analysis of short and long term efficacy of RBL for hemorrhoids. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17:2827-2830. [PMID: 24174368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Rubber band ligation is an effective treatment for hemorrhoids. A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate its short and long-term efficacy. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 2000 to 2008, 254 outpatients with II- degree and 114 with III-degree hemorrhoids underwent rubber band ligation. Two or three hemorrhoids were ligated per session. Each haemorrhoid was ligated with two rubber bands through a ligator. All patients were visited after two months and followed up through a telephone after two and eleven years. RESULTS Twenty-four or forty-eight hours post treatment, 41% of patients had mild-moderate pain. Four patients showed severe pain and required for haemorrhoidectomy within a few days. Only 2% of patients experienced self-limiting rectal bleeding after one week and 6% of patients had an additional ligation within two months. Two months later, 92% of II-degree patients and 76% of III-degree patients showed no residual symptoms. After two and eleven years, the history of 314 patients (85%) were obtained, of them, 70% was asymptomatic, 27% had some residual symptoms of occasional bleeding and prolapse, and 3% needed further surgery. CONCLUSIONS Rubber band ligation is an efficient, cost-effective and simple outpatient procedure for the second and third degree hemorrhoids with minimal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Lu
- Department of TCM for Anorectal Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao tong University, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Hao YD, Cui F, Zhu WH, Lu LY, Wang YB. Evaluation of the Clinical Significance of Classification of Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability Using Double-Contrast Computed Tomography Arthrography. J Int Med Res 2011; 39:424-34. [PMID: 21672346 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the clinical significance of traumatic anterior shoulder instability (TASI) classification using double-contrast computed tomography (CT) arthrography. Patient were randomly assigned to two groups: group 1 ( n = 62); and group 2 ( n = 63). TASI symptom severity in group 1 was assessed using physical signs of shoulder trauma and conventional X-ray, CT and magnetic resonance imaging; these patients received either conservative management (with physical rehabilitation) or standard surgery. Group 2 underwent double-contrast CT arthrography to classify TASI; its findings formed the basis of subsequent management. At 24 months post-therapy, significant improvements in clinical outcomes were observed in group 2: Constant scores were higher and Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index scores were lower. At 24 months, recurrence rates were 21.0% (13/62) in group 1 and 7.9% (5/63) in group 2. Findings suggested that TASI classification using double-contrast CT arthrography provided meaningful information thereby improving treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- YD Hao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Sports Medicine Centre of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - F Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai East Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Sports Medicine Centre of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - WH Zhu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Sports Medicine Centre of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - LY Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Sports Medicine Centre of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - YB Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital affiliated to Tongji University, Sports Medicine Centre of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
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9
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Tsai HC, Lee SS, Lin HH, Lu LY, Liu YC. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in systemic lupus erythematosus: a report of two cases. J Formos Med Assoc 2001; 100:699-702. [PMID: 11760377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have increased susceptibility to infection by Pneumocystis carinii, but this condition has rarely been reported in Taiwan. Here, we describe two cases of patients with SLE who developed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). The first patient was a 39-year-old woman presenting with fever and dyspnea that had lasted 2 weeks. Chest roentgenography disclosed bilateral interstitial and alveolar infiltrates. The second patient was a 22-year-old woman presenting with a 4-day history of malaise, cough, dyspnea, and fever. She had concomitant Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Both patients had been treated with varying doses of corticosteroids and/or cytotoxic drugs within 4 months before presentation. Diagnosis was established based on the findings of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB). Both patients received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (20 mg.kg-1.d-1 trimethoprim), but finally died of nosocomial septicemia (Acinetobacter baumanni and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in one, P. aeruginosa bacteremia in the other). These two cases demonstrate that PCP should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with SLE presenting with pneumonic processes. In addition, a second opportunistic pathogen should be suspected. Bronchoscopic examination should be performed if the diagnosis is not clear and should include TBLB and BAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Tsai
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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10
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Fraser PA, Lu LY, Ding WZ, Najundaswamy SN, Chen DF, Uko G, Tonks S. HLA-B44031;DRB1*1503 and other sub-Saharan African major histocompatibility complex haplotypes in African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans carry C4A gene deletions: implications for ethnicity-specific lupus susceptibility genes. Arthritis Rheum 2000; 43:2378-9. [PMID: 11037899 DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(200010)43:10<2378::aid-anr27>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P A Fraser
- Center for Blood Research, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Chen X, Shen PF, Lu LY, Qi F. [Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal calculi]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2000; 25:159-60. [PMID: 12212208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL) therapy for renal calculi. METHODS 126 patients were treated with Shanghai HX-902 lithotriptor on an inpatient basis. The stone size varied from 0.5 to 2.5 cm. Some patients had a double-J stent inserted prior to treatment. RESULTS The overall stone-free rate in 2 months was 45.6%, whereas it was 53.3%, 40.8% and 18.1% according to the stone size, < or = 0.8, 0.9-1.9 and > or = 2 cm, respectively. Complications were rare, including 1 subcapsular hematoma formation, 15 renal colics and 5 stone streets, which were managed by conservative treatment or ureteral stenting or additional ESWL and resulted in complete stone clearance. CONCLUSION ESWL therapy is a reasonable and effective method for renal stone, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy(PCNL) or open surgery should be considered for stones larger than 2 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Medical University, Changsha 410008
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12
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Uko GP, Lu LY, Asuquo MA, Fici D, Mahan S, Awdeh Z, Udim ER, Ding W, Umana U, Adewole T, Fraser PA. HLA-DRB1 leprogenic motifs in nigerian population groups. Clin Exp Immunol 1999; 118:56-62. [PMID: 10540160 PMCID: PMC1905405 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.01034.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/1999] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino acid residues involved in the peptide binding groove of HLA-DRB1 alleles were examined in three Nigerian ethnic groups with leprosy (n = 287) and 170 controls to determine the role of DRB1 alleles in disease outcome with Mycobacterium leprae. Nine positively charged motifs and two others with neutral charge to the binding groove were detected. These motifs occurred more frequently in leprosy (leprogenic) than was expected by chance (P < 0.0001). In contrast, five motifs with net negative or 'modified' neutral charges to the pocket were negatively associated with leprosy. We conclude that clinical outcome of infection with M. leprae is largely determined by a shared epitope in DRB1 alleles marked by several motifs. These motifs occur in otherwise normal DRB1 alleles, characterized by net positive or neutral charges in the binding groove. We hypothesize that these polarities cause poor binding of DRB1 to M. leprae. On presentation, the signal via the T cell receptor results in muted cell-mediated immunity. The resulting response translates to various forms of leprosy depending on degree of charge consonance between M. leprae and host DRB1 allele. Other factors within or without the HLA complex, such as the T cell receptor repertoire, may also influence the resulting disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Uko
- The Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
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13
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Fraser PA, Lu LY, DeCeulaer K, Schur PH, Fici D, Awdeh Z, Ding WZ, Levitan E, Lew R, Uko G, Gonzalez C. CD4 TCRBV CDR3 analysis in prevalent SLE cases from two ethnic groups. Lupus 1999; 8:311-9. [PMID: 10413211 DOI: 10.1191/096120399678847902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We examined CD4+ T cell TCRBV-CDR3 transcripts from 19 lupus patients and 16 controls to test the hypothesis that CD4+ TCRBV-CDR3 expression in SLE differs from normals. Within the disease group we also performed exploratory analyses to determine the association between risk of oligoclonality and HLA-DRB specificities and the duration of the CDR3 patterns. Oligoclonal patterns consistent with CDR3 restriction were three times more likely in SLE than in controls (OR = 3.7). TCRBV1, BV4, BV5.1, BV7, BV9, BV18 and BV22 gene segment CDR3 patterns of oligoclonality were seen exclusively among lupus patients. HLA-DRB3 increased the risk of oligoclonal expression in SLE. In four patients studied over time, the pattern of TCRBV-CDR3 expression was stable in a second sample obtained 6-14 months later. The increased frequency of CD4+ T cell TCRBV-CDR3 oligoclonal expression in SLE when compared to controls and the persistence of these patterns are consistent with an expanded pool of autoreactive CD4 T cells in SLE which recognize peptides derived from autoantigens. The association of HLA-DRB3 genes with increased risk of CDR3 oligoclonality among the SLE subjects is compatible with the hypothesis that molecules encoded by HLA-DRB3 may facilitate autoantigen recognition by CD4 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Fraser
- Center for Blood Research, Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Li JY, Lai PH, Lam HC, Lu LY, Cheng HH, Lee JK, Lo YK. Hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis and lymphocytic hypophysitis in Sjögren's syndrome. Neurology 1999; 52:420-3. [PMID: 9932974 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.52.2.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors describe a patient with primary Sjögren's syndrome who developed pachymeningitis, hypopituitarism, and central diabetes insipidus. The patient improved with corticosteroid pulse therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Li
- Section of Neurology, Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
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15
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Lu LY, Ding WZ, Fici D, Deulofeut R, Cheng HH, Cheu CC, Sung PK, Schur PH, Fraser PA. Molecular analysis of major histocompatibility complex allelic associations with systemic lupus erythematosus in Taiwan. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40:1138-45. [PMID: 9182925 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780400619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of HLA class II alleles/haplotypes, type I C2 deficiency gene, and tumor necrosis factor a gene promoter allele (TNF2) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the Chinese population in Taiwan. METHODS The HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 alleles were studied in 105 SLE patients and 115 controls by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe method, the subtyping of DRB1*15/16 and DRB5 by PCR with sequence-specific primers, type I C2 deficiency gene by PCR, and TNF2 by PCR-Nco I restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS The frequencies of the HLA class II alleles DRB1*02, DRB1*1502, DRB5*0102, DQB1*0501, and DQB1*0602 and DR2-associated haplotypes DRB1* 1501,DRB5*0101,DQB1*0602 and DRB1*1502,DRB5* 0102,DQB1*0501 were higher among SLE patients than among controls; however, only DQB1*0501 was statistically significantly associated with SLE. No specific allele/haplotype was significantly associated with lupus nephritis. No subject had type I C2 deficiency. SLE patients had a marginally higher percentage of TNF2, which was in linkage disequilibrium with DR3. Since DR3 was not associated with SLE in this Taiwanese Chinese population, TNF2 might play a role in the immunopathogenesis of SLE. CONCLUSION Although no HLA-DRB1 allele was found to be significantly associated with SLE, the associations with DQB1*0501 and TNF2 suggest that DQB1 and tumor necrosis factor a may be important genetic factors in SLE susceptibility in the Chinese population in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Lu
- Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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16
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Lu LY, Cheng HH, Chuang JC, Chen JH, Chen C. Myositis ossificans progressiva mimicking ankylosing spondylitis: a case report. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1992; 49:373-8. [PMID: 1320997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Myositis ossificans progressiva is a rare disorder of young adults characterized by ossification of the connective tissue of the voluntary muscles and ligaments. Although it is trauma-related, up to 40-60% of these patients have no history of previous injury. A young female with marked kyphosis and ankylosis of the spine presented with a recent onset of a rapidly growing painful mass over the anterior aspect of her left shoulder. She received an excisional biopsy but recurrent ossification developed soon after. It then spread to the biceps muscle with subsequent contracture deformities of the shoulder and elbow joints. A plain radiogram of her spine revealed similar characteristics of ankylosing spondylitis. However, the final diagnosis was made by the pathognomonic ectopic ossification of muscles and para-articular soft tissue. Despite poor response of the established constracture, the painful mass did respond well to prednisolone treatment within 2 months, in terms of size and consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Zhou ZS, Chen ZZ, Xu TR, Shi DM, Zhang HZ, Fan KW, Zhang ZD, Lu LY, Cheng BG, Liu JH. Clear cell lymphoma. A clinical, histopathological, ultrastructural and cell marker study. Chin Med J (Engl) 1987; 100:569-73. [PMID: 3123164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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18
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Sun YP, An JB, Li ST, Li HJ, Chen WC, Lin L, Xu LM, Lu LY, Yang QS, Zhang XG. HLA antigen distribution and haplotype segregation in Chinese patients with psoriasis. Chin Med J (Engl) 1987; 100:236-41. [PMID: 3113849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Lu SX, Montesano R, Bresil H, Lu LY, Xiao GL. [Effect of molybdenum Mo on the alkylation of DNA in the liver of rats treated with 14C-diethylnitrosamine]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1987; 9:21-4. [PMID: 3595421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Effect of molybdenum on the alkylation of DNA in the liver of rats treated with 14C-diethylnitrosamine was studied. When administered orally at a dose of 1 mg/rat/day as (HN4)6 Mo7O24 for 30 days, Mo inhibited the alkylation of DNA in the liver of rats. The level of 3-ethylguanine, N7-ethylguanine and O6-ethylguanine decreased. Simultaneously, the exhalation of 14CO2 and the urinary excretion of 14C- were increased as compared to the controls. At a dose of 5 mg/rat/day, Mo increased the alkylation of DNA in the liver. The amount of 3-ethylguanine, N7-ethylguanine and O6-ethylguanine was higher than that of the controls. The exhalation of 14CO2 and the urinary excretion of 14C- were decreased. The authors believe that the dose of molybdenum is relevant to the role it plays in the carcinogenesis of cell. The role of molybdenum in the carcinogenesis is discussed.
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Abstract
Spleen cytotoxic T cells killing influenza virus-infected target cells are cross-reactive for the different type A influenza viruses, in contrast to the circulating antibodies, which show fine specificity for each A virus subtype variant. This finding has raised the question of whether a single T cell can recognize cells infected with all type A viruses. T-killer cell lines with specificity for alloantigens and the male Y antigen can be selected by means of growth factors present in the supernatant of T cells stimulated with concanavalin A (refs 3-7). We report here that we have been able to establish clones of mouse T cells killing target cells infected with influenza virus. Our cell line maintains the same specificity as the heterogeneous spleen cell population from infected mice, in as far as the T-killer cells are specific for A influenza virus, but do not discriminate between the different type A viruses. The cell line maintains H-2 restriction and does not kill cells infected with B influenza virus. The cells grow in the presence of T-cell growth factor and do not require antigen for growth although they maintain their receptors for type A virus. They can also be stimulated by irradiated T-helper cells from mice primed by type A influenza infection in the presence of type A virus-infected cells.
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