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Lo LH, Lam CY, To JC, Chiu CH, Keng VW. Sleeping Beauty insertional mutagenesis screen identifies the pro-metastatic roles of CNPY2 and ACTN2 in hepatocellular carcinoma tumor progression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 541:70-77. [PMID: 33482578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A forward genetic Sleeping Beauty (SB) insertional mutagenesis screen, followed by high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, was used to identify driver genes responsible for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-associated metastasis. Using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify transposon-endogenous transcriptome fusion genes, the phylogenetic lineage between the parental liver tumor and secondary metastasis can be determined to provide mechanistic insight to genetic changes involved in the metastatic evolution process. In the current study, two novel candidate genes were identified to be potentially involved in HCC-associated metastatic progression, canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 (Cnpy2) and actinin alpha 2 (Actn2). Transposon-Cnpy2 fusion transcripts were identified in both primary liver tumors and lung metastases. Its significant association with clinicopathological characteristics and correlated gene enrichment in metastasis-related mechanisms suggest its potential role in modulating local invasion and angiogenesis. Other known driver genes for human HCC that can also promote metastatic progression include epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr) and RNA imprinted and accumulated in nucleus (Rian). Metabolic pathway related gene carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (Cps1) was identified to play an important role in early HCC development, while cell junction-related pathway gene Rac family small GTPase 1 (Rac1) was identified to take part in both HCC and pro-metastatic progression. Importantly, actinin alpha 2 (Actn2) was identified exclusively in the secondary metastasis site and its role in HCC-related metastatic process was elucidated using in vitro approaches. ACTN2-overexpression in human liver cancer cells displayed enhanced cellular motility and invasion abilities, indicating its possible function in later stage of metastasis, such as extravasation and lung colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian H Lo
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Coco Y Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jeffrey C To
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cynthia H Chiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent W Keng
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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To JC, Chiu AP, Tschida BR, Lo LH, Chiu CH, Li XX, Kuka TP, Linden MA, Amin K, Chan WC, Bell JB, Moriarity BS, Largaespada DA, Keng VW. ZBTB20 regulates WNT/CTNNB1 signalling pathway by suppressing PPARG during hepatocellular carcinoma tumourigenesis. JHEP Rep 2020; 3:100223. [PMID: 33604532 PMCID: PMC7873381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Zinc finger and BTB domain containing 20 (ZBTB20) has been implicated as a potential oncogene in liver cancer. However, knockout studies have shown it to be a transcriptional repressor of the alpha-foetoprotein (Afp) gene in adult liver, and reduced levels of ZBTB20 allow for upregulation of AFP with increased tumour severity in certain cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As there are many discrepancies in the literature regarding its role in liver tumourigenesis, the aim of this study was to elucidate the role of ZBTB20 in HCC tumourigenesis. Methods A reverse genetic study using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system in mice was performed to elucidate the role of ZBTB20 in HCC tumourigenesis. In vitro ZBTB20 gain- and loss-of-function experiments were used to assess the relationship amongst ZBTB20, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1). Results Transgenic overexpression of ZBTB20 in hepatocytes and in the context of transformation related protein (T r p53) inactivation induced hepatic hypertrophy, activation of WNT/CTNNB1 signalling, and development of liver tumours. In vitro overexpression and knockout experiments using CRISPR/Cas9 demonstrated the important role for ZBTB20 in downregulating PPARG, resulting in activation of the WNT/CTNNB1 signalling pathway and its downstream effectors in HCC tumourigenesis. Conclusions These findings demonstrate a novel interaction between ZBTB20 and PPARG, which leads to activation of the WNT/CTNNB1 signalling pathway in HCC tumourigenesis. Lay summary ZBTB20 has been implicated as a potential oncogene in liver cancer. Herein, we uncover its important role in liver cancer development. We show that it interacts with PPARG to upregulate the WNT/CTNNB1 signalling pathway, leading to tumourigenesis.
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Key Words
- AFP, alpha-foetoprotein
- BTB/POZ, broad complex
- CTNNB1
- CTNNB1, catenin beta 1
- Fah, fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase
- GSK3B, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HHL, immortalized human hepatic cell line
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- IF, immunofluorescence
- NTBC, 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione
- OFP, orange fluorescent protein
- PHI, post-hydrodynamic injection
- POK, POZ and Kruppel
- PPARG
- PPARG, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma
- Reverse genetic screen
- SB, Sleeping Beauty
- Sleeping Beauty
- ZBTB20
- ZBTB20, zinc finger and BTB domain containing 20
- qPCR, quantitative RT-PCR
- tramtrack, bric a brac/poxvirus and zinc finger
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C To
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Amy P Chiu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Barbara R Tschida
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Lilian H Lo
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Cynthia H Chiu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Timothy P Kuka
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Michael A Linden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Khalid Amin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Wing-Cheung Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jason B Bell
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Branden S Moriarity
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - David A Largaespada
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Vincent W Keng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
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Li XX, Zhang SJ, Man KY, Chiu AP, Lo LH, To JC, Chiu CH, Chan CO, Mok DK, Rowlands DK, Keng VW. Schwann cell-specific Pten inactivation reveals essential role of the sympathetic nervous system activity in adipose tissue development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 531:118-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Zhang SJ, Li XX, Yu Y, Chiu AP, Lo LH, To JC, Rowlands DK, Keng VW. Schwann cell-specific PTEN and EGFR dysfunctions affect neuromuscular junction development by impairing Agrin signaling and autophagy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:50-56. [PMID: 31122699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is formed by motor nerve terminals, post-junctional muscle membranes, and terminal Schwann cells (SCs). The formation of NMJ requires complex and dynamic molecular interactions. Nerve- and muscle-derived molecules have been well characterized but the mechanistic involvement of SC in NMJ development remains poorly understood. SC-specific phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) inactivation and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression (Dhh-Cre; Cnp-EGFR; Ptenflox/flox or DET) mice were used and NMJ malformation was observed in these mice. Acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) were distorted and varicose presynaptic nerve terminals appeared in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of DET mice. Agrin signaling related to NMJ development, was downregulated in TA muscle. Both RAS/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways were activated in the sciatic nerves of DET mice. In addition, autophagy was downregulated in these sciatic nerves. Interestingly, the use of Torin 2, an mTOR inhibitor, rescued the phenotype. The downregulated-autophagy might account for Agrin signaling abnormity, which induced NMJ malformation. Taken together, our results indicate that SCs-specific Pten and EGFR cooperation are essential for NMJ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuyu Yu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Amy P Chiu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lilian H Lo
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jeffrey C To
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dewi K Rowlands
- Laboratory Animal Services Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vincent W Keng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Chiu AP, Tschida BR, Sham TT, Lo LH, Moriarity BS, Li XX, Lo RC, Hinton DE, Rowlands DK, Chan CO, Mok DKW, Largaespada DA, Warner N, Keng VW. HBx-K130M/V131I Promotes Liver Cancer in Transgenic Mice via AKT/FOXO1 Signaling Pathway and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1582-1593. [PMID: 30975706 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection remains a high underlying cause for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide, while the genetic mechanisms behind this remain unclear. This study elucidated the mechanisms contributing to tumor development induced by the HBV X (HBx) gene of predominantly Asian genotype B HBV and its common HBx variants. To compare the potential tumorigenic effects of K130M/V131I (Mut) and wild-type (WT) HBx on HCC, the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system was used to deliver HBx Mut and WT into the livers of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (Fah)-deficient mice and in the context of transformation related protein 53 (Trp53) deficiency. From our results, HBx Mut had a stronger tumorigenic effect than its WT variant. Also, inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis were evident in HBx experimental animals. Reduction of forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) with increased phosphorylation of upstream serine/threonine kinase (AKT) was detected under HBx Mut overexpression. Thus, it is proposed that HBx Mut enhances disease progression by reducing FOXO1 via phosphorylation of AKT. At the metabolomic level, HBx altered the expression of genes that participated in arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, as a result of inflammation via accumulation of proinflammatory factors such as prostaglandins and leukotriene in liver. Taken together, the increased rate of HCC observed in chronic hepatitis B patients with K130M/V131I-mutated X protein, may be due to changes in AA metabolism and AKT/FOXO1 signaling. IMPLICATIONS: Our findings suggested that HBx-K130M/V131I-mutant variant promoted HCC progression by activating AKT/FOXO1 pathway and inducing stronger inflammation in liver via AA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy P Chiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Barbara R Tschida
- Center for Genome Engineering, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Tung-Ting Sham
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lilian H Lo
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Branden S Moriarity
- Center for Genome Engineering, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Regina C Lo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Dewi K Rowlands
- Laboratory Animal Services Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-On Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel K W Mok
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - David A Largaespada
- Center for Genome Engineering, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Nadia Warner
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincent W Keng
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China. .,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Li XX, Lu XY, Zhang SJ, Chiu AP, Lo LH, Largaespada DA, Chen QB, Keng VW. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate ameliorates hepatic steatosis by inhibiting lipogenesis and inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 111:68-75. [PMID: 30576936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming an epidemic disease in adults and children worldwide. Importantly, there are currently no approved treatments available for NAFLD. This study aims to investigate the potential applications of sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) on improving the NAFLD condition using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. The results showed that STS markedly inhibited lipid accumulation in oleic acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA) treated HepG2 and primary immortalized human hepatic (PIH) cells. STS suppressed lipogenesis by inhibiting expression of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), fatty acid synthase (FASN) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD). In addition, STS reduced inflammation in cells treated with OA-PA, shown by decreased transcriptional levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) and interleukin 1 beta (IL1B). Consistently, protective effects on hepatic steatosis in db/db mice were observed after STS administration, demonstrated by decreased lipid accumulation in mouse hepatocytes. This protective effect might be associated with STS induced activation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 (PRKAA1) pathways. Our findings suggest a potential therapeutic role for STS in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Li
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xin-Yi Lu
- Biological Resource Centre, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhang
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Amy P Chiu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lilian H Lo
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - David A Largaespada
- Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Qu-Bo Chen
- Biological Resource Centre, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Vincent W Keng
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Li X, Zhang S, Chiu AP, Lo LH, Huang J, Rowlands DK, Wang J, Keng VW. Targeting of AKT/ERK/CTNNB1 by DAW22 as a potential therapeutic compound for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4791-4800. [PMID: 30112810 PMCID: PMC6144169 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are an aggressive form of soft tissue neoplasm with extremely poor prognosis and no effective medical options currently available. MPNSTs can occur either sporadically or in association with the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) syndrome. Importantly, activation of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and WNT/CTNNB1 signaling pathways has been reported in both NF1-related and late-stage sporadic MPNSTs. In this study, we found that DAW22, a natural sesquiterpene coumarin compound isolated from Ferula ferulaeoides (Steud.) Korov., could inhibit cell proliferation and colony formation in five established human MPNST cancer cell lines. Further molecular mechanism exploration indicated that DAW22 could target the main components in the MPNST tumorigenic pathways: namely suppress phosphorylation of AKT and ERK, and reduce levels of non-phospho (active) CTNNB1. Using the xenograft mouse model transplanted with human MPNST cancer cell line, daily treatment with DAW22 for 25 days was effective in reducing tumor growth. These results support DAW22 as an alternative therapeutic compound for MPNST treatment by affecting multiple signaling transduction pathways in its disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Xiao Li
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong
| | - Shi‐Jie Zhang
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Amy P. Chiu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong
| | - Lilian H. Lo
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry (State‐Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine‐Pharmaceutics of China)Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Dewi K. Rowlands
- Laboratory Animal Services CentreThe Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinNew TerritoriesHong Kong
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry (State‐Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine‐Pharmaceutics of China)Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Vincent W. Keng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong
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Lo LH, Chiu AP, Li XX, Tschida BR, Rowlands DK, Largaespada DA, Keng VW. Abstract 5183: Using transposon elements to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of HCC-associated lung metastases. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-5183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Metastases account for most cancer-related deaths as a result of primary cancer spreading to distant sites. Amongst human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there is a drastic decrease in the survival rate observed in patients with early stage localized HCC to late stage metastasis-associated HCC. Importantly, the genetic mechanisms associated with metastasis-associated HCC remains elusive. Therefore, a forward genetic screen in mice using Sleeping Beauty (SB) insertional mutagenesis system was developed to identify genes associated with metastasis-associated HCC.
Truncated version of the epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr) gene was frequently detected in both mouse primary liver tumors and lung metastases, which was confirmed by DNA sequencing and RNA sequencing. This indicates the importance of Egfr mutations for liver tumorigenesis and the metastasis process. More importantly, additional candidate genes involved in the metastasis process were also identified by our forward genetic screen and showed to be relevant in human HCC patients at the M1 cancer metastasis stage. Taken together, our study shows that the SB screen yields a high fraction of relevant events in human liver cancer and can provide valuable information on the evolution of metastasis-associated HCC.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Citation Format: Lilian H. Lo, Amy P. Chiu, Xiao-Xiao Li, Barbara R. Tschida, Dewi K. Rowlands, David A. Largaespada, Vincent W. Keng. Using transposon elements to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of HCC-associated lung metastases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5183.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian H. Lo
- 1The Hong Kong Polytechnics University, Hong Kong
| | - Amy P. Chiu
- 1The Hong Kong Polytechnics University, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- 1The Hong Kong Polytechnics University, Hong Kong
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Chiu AP, Tschida BR, Lo LH, Moriarity BS, Rowlands DK, Largaespada DA, Keng VW. Transposon mouse models to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of hepatitis B viral induced hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:12157-12170. [PMID: 26576100 PMCID: PMC4641133 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The major type of human liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and there are currently many risk factors that contribute to this deadly disease. The majority of HCC occurrences are associated with chronic hepatitis viral infection, and hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection is currently a major health problem in Eastern Asia. Elucidating the genetic mechanisms associated with HBV-induced HCC has been difficult due to the heterogeneity and genetic complexity associated with this disease. A repertoire of animal models has been broadly used to study the pathophysiology and to develop potential treatment regimens for HBV-associated HCC. The use of these animal models has provided valuable genetic information and has been an important contributor to uncovering the factors involved in liver malignant transformation, invasion and metastasis. Recently, transposon-based mouse models are becoming more widely used in liver cancer research to interrogate the genome by forward genetics and also used to validate genes rapidly in a reverse genetic manner. Importantly, these transposon-based rapid reverse genetic mouse models could become crucial in testing potential therapeutic agents before proceeding to clinical trials in human. Therefore, this review will cover the use of transposon-based mouse models to address the problems of liver cancer, especially HBV-associated HCC occurrences in Asia.
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between parents and children in measuring children's acute and delayed nausea and vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapy. Twenty parent-child dyads participated in the study. Both instruments: Adapted Rhodes Index of Nausea and Vomiting by parent and by child (8-18 years old) were used every 12 h. The reliability and validity of these instruments have been established. There were significantly moderate to strong associations between parents and children in measuring these symptoms from Day 1 to Day 3 (total scores: r = 0.85-0.93; nausea scores: r = 0.67-0.93; and vomiting scores: r = 0.91-0.99, all P < 0.01). Therefore, parents' observation of their children's symptoms was strongly associated with their child's self-report of symptoms. Parents were able to assess their children's acute and delayed nausea and vomiting because in this sample almost all parents accompanied their children all day long.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Lo
- School of Nursing, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Lo LH. [A study of schoolers' choice of the size of syringes]. Hu Li Za Zhi 1978; 25:17-25. [PMID: 255570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Butani P, Lo LH. [Reactions of mothers to the birth of an anomalous infants--a review of the literature (author's transl)]. Hu Li Za Zhi 1975; 22:19-24. [PMID: 1044677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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