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Landman W, Verneau O, Raharivololoniaina L, du Preez L. First record of Metapolystoma (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) from Boophis tree frogs in Madagascar, with the description of five new species. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2021; 14:161-178. [PMID: 33898217 PMCID: PMC8056147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although Madagascar has more than 350 frog species of which all but two are endemic to the island, the known polystome (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) diversity parasitizing Malagasy frogs is low, encompassing five species of Madapolystoma, one species of Kankana and one Metapolystoma. Investigating the parasite diversity of frog parasites at selected Malagasy localities led to the discovery of undescribed polystomes. Five treefrogs, Boophis albilabris, Boophis doulioti, Boophis luteus, Boophis madagascariensis and Boophis occidentalis were found to be infected and are reported here as hosts for new Metapolystoma species. Morphological investigation, combining examination of body length, haptor length, genital bulb width, genital crown diameter, genital spine number, genital spine length, ovary length, egg length, hamulus length, hamulus guard length and hamulus hook length, revealed five distinct morphotypes. Phylogenetic analysis and genetic divergences obtained for three of the five morphotypes, support the distinction of new species. Metapolystoma ansuanum n. sp. is described from B. luteus, Metapolystoma falcatum n. sp. from B. doulioti, Metapolystoma multiova n. sp. from B. occidentalis, Metapolystoma theroni n. sp. from B. madagascareniensis and Metapolystoma vencesi n. sp. from B. albilabris. Finally, although the validity of Metapolystoma as taxon is not fully resolved yet, the phylogenetic position of the described species and their morphology provide clear evidence for new metapolystome taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Landman
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Olivier Verneau
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.,University of Perpignan Via Domitia Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860, Perpignan, France.,CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860, Perpignan, France
| | | | - Louis du Preez
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.,South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Private Bag 1015, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa
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Bletz MC, Rosa GM, Andreone F, Courtois EA, Schmeller DS, Rabibisoa NHC, Rabemananjara FCE, Raharivololoniaina L, Vences M, Weldon C, Edmonds D, Raxworthy CJ, Harris RN, Fisher MC, Crottini A. Consistency of Published Results on the Pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Madagascar: Formal Comment on Kolby et al. Rapid Response to Evaluate the Presence of Amphibian Chytrid Fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) and Ranavirus in Wild Amphibian Populations in Madagascar. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135900. [PMID: 26465608 PMCID: PMC4605792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Molly C. Bletz
- Technische Universitat Braunschweig, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Gonçalo M. Rosa
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NR, United Kingdom
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London, NW1 4RY, United Kingdom
- Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Bloco 2, Piso 5, Campo Grande, 1749–016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Franco Andreone
- Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Via G. Giolitti, 36, I-10123, Torino, Italy
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group-Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Elodie A. Courtois
- CNRS-Guyane, USR 3456, 2 avenue Gustave Charlery, 97300, Cayenne, Guyane Française
- Station d’écologie expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, USR 2936, 2 route du CNRS, 09200, Moulis, France
| | - Dirk S. Schmeller
- UFZ–Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
- EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environement), CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Nirhy H. C. Rabibisoa
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group-Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, University of Mahajanga, Ambondrona, B.P. 652, Mahajanga 401, Madagascar
| | | | | | - Miguel Vences
- Technische Universitat Braunschweig, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ché Weldon
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Devin Edmonds
- Association Mitsinjo, Lot 104 A Andasibe Gare, Andasibe, 514, Madagascar
| | - Christopher J. Raxworthy
- Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 St., New York, NY, 10024, United States of America
| | - Reid N. Harris
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, United States of America
| | - Matthew C. Fisher
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Angelica Crottini
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N°7, 4485–661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
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Bletz MC, Rosa GM, Andreone F, Courtois EA, Schmeller DS, Rabibisoa NHC, Rabemananjara FCE, Raharivololoniaina L, Vences M, Weldon C, Edmonds D, Raxworthy CJ, Harris RN, Fisher MC, Crottini A. Widespread presence of the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in wild amphibian communities in Madagascar. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8633. [PMID: 25719857 PMCID: PMC4341422 DOI: 10.1038/srep08633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibian chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has been a significant driver of amphibian declines. While globally widespread, Bd had not yet been reported from within Madagascar. We document surveys conducted across the country between 2005 and 2014, showing Bd's first record in 2010. Subsequently, Bd was detected in multiple areas, with prevalence reaching up to 100%. Detection of Bd appears to be associated with mid to high elevation sites and to have a seasonal pattern, with greater detectability during the dry season. Lineage-based PCR was performed on a subset of samples. While some did not amplify with any lineage probe, when a positive signal was observed, samples were most similar to the Global Panzootic Lineage (BdGPL). These results may suggest that Bd arrived recently, but do not exclude the existence of a previously undetected endemic Bd genotype. Representatives of all native anuran families have tested Bd-positive, and exposure trials confirm infection by Bd is possible. Bd's presence could pose significant threats to Madagascar's unique "megadiverse" amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly C Bletz
- 1] Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA [2] Technische Universität Braunschweig, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gonçalo M Rosa
- 1] Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NR, UK [2] Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK [3] Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Bloco 2, Piso 5, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Franco Andreone
- 1] Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Via G. Giolitti, 36, I-10123, Torino, Italy [2] IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group-Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Elodie A Courtois
- 1] CNRS-Guyane, USR 3456, 2 avenue Gustave Charlery, 97300 Cayenne, Guyane Française [2] Station d'écologie expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, USR 2936, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Dirk S Schmeller
- 1] UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany [2] EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), CNRS/Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT; 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Nirhy H C Rabibisoa
- 1] IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group-Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar [2] Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, University of Mahajanga, Ambondrona, B.P. 652, Mahajanga 401, Madagascar
| | - Falitiana C E Rabemananjara
- 1] IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group-Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar [2] University of Antananarivo, BP 906, Antananarivo 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Miguel Vences
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ché Weldon
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Devin Edmonds
- Association Mitsinjo, Lot 104 A Andasibe Gare, Andasibe 514, Madagascar
| | - Christopher J Raxworthy
- Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th St. New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Reid N Harris
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Matthew C Fisher
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Angelica Crottini
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
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Verneau O, Du Preez LH, Laurent V, Raharivololoniaina L, Glaw F, Vences M. The double odyssey of Madagascan polystome flatworms leads to new insights on the origins of their amphibian hosts. Proc Biol Sci 2009; 276:1575-83. [PMID: 19203917 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.1530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polystomatid flatworms are parasites of high host specificity, which mainly infect amphibian hosts. Only one polystome species has so far been recorded from Madagascar despite the high species richness and endemicity of amphibians on this island. Out of the 86 screened Malagasy frog species, we recovered polystomes from 25 in the families Ptychadenidae and Mantellidae. Molecular phylogenetic analysis uncovered an unexpected diversity of polystome species belonging to two separate clades: one forming a lineage within the genus Metapolystoma, with one species in Ptychadena and several species in the mantellid host genera Aglyptodactylus and Boophis; and the second corresponding to an undescribed genus that was found in the species of the subfamily Mantellinae in the family Mantellidae. The phylogenetic position of the undescribed genus along with molecular dating suggests that it may have colonized Madagascar in the Late Mesozoic or Early Cainozoic. By contrast, the more recent origin of Metapolystoma in Madagascar at ca 14-2 Myr ago strongly suggests that the ancestors of Ptychadena mascareniensis colonized Madagascar naturally by overseas dispersal, carrying their Metapolystoma parasites. Our findings provide a striking example of how parasite data can supply novel insights into the biogeographic history of their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Verneau
- Parasitologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France.
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Raharivololoniaina L, Grosjean S, Raminosoa NR, Glaw F, Vences M. Molecular identification, description, and phylogenetic implications of the tadpoles of 11 species of Malagasy treefrogs, genusBoophis. J NAT HIST 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222930600902399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Thomas M, Raharivololoniaina L, Glaw F, Vences M, Vieites DR. Montane Tadpoles in Madagascar: Molecular Identification and Description of the Larval Stages of Mantidactylus elegans, Mantidactylus madecassus, and Boophis laurenti from the Andringitra Massif. COPEIA 2005. [DOI: 10.1643/ch-03-293r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
The diurnal, brightly colored, and toxic frogs of the genus Mantella are among the most prominent representatives of the endemic anuran fauna of Madagascar. Especially three closely related species, M. aurantiaca, M. crocea, and M. milotympanum, are intensively collected for the pet trade, although basic data on their natural history and genetic diversity are still lacking. Our phylogenetic analyses based on 2.8 kbp of partial 16S rRNA, 12S rRNA, cytochrome b, and rhodopsin DNA sequences confirmed that these species belong to one of the five major clades in Mantella, the M. madagascariensis group. A haplotype network constructed using 830 bp of cytochrome b in 49 individuals from seven populations revealed that M. milotympanum and M. crocea have largely similar haplotypes sharing, confirming doubts about the species validity of M. milotympanum and indicating independent evolution of bright orange pattern in M. milotympanum and M. aurantiaca. Further, clustering of four individuals of M. aurantiaca from Andranomena with M. crocea suggests incomplete lineage sorting or introgression resulting from secondary contact of refugial populations. AMOVA confirmed significant intrapopulation nucleotide diversity (>20%). These diversity patterns and our field observations indicate relatively large population sizes. Hence, overcollecting is probably a minor problem and conservation efforts should rather focus on saving some large populations from habitat destruction through logging and forest fires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Vences
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Zoological Museum, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94766, Amsterdam 1090 GT, The Netherlands.
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