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Silva MJA, Marinho RL, Rodrigues YC, Brasil TP, Dos Santos PAS, Silva CS, Sardinha DM, Lima KVB, Lima LNGC. Molecular Role of HIV-1 Human Receptors (CCL5-CCR5 Axis) in neuroAIDS: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2024; 12:782. [PMID: 38674726 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic HIV-1 infection can cause neurological illness, also known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The elevated level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as C-C Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5/RANTES), is one of the ways of causing HIV-1-mediated neuroinflammation. C-C Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) is the main coreceptor for viral entry into host cells and for mediating induction of CCL5/RANTES. CCR5 and CCL5 are part of a correlated axis of immune pathways used for effective protection against the HIV-1 virus. The purpose of this paper was to review the literary knowledge about the immunopathological relationship between this immune complex and neuroAIDS. A systematic review of the literature was conducted based on the selection and search of articles, available in English, Spanish, or Portuguese in the time frame of 1990-2022, of primary and secondary types in the PUBMED, Science Direct, SciELO, and LILACS databases through descriptors (MeSH) together with "AND": "CCR5"; "CCL5"; "neurological manifestations"; or "HIV". The methodological quality of the articles was assessed using the JBI Checklists and the PRISMA 2020 writing guidelines were followed. A total of 36 articles were included in the final composition of the review. The main cells of the CNS affected by neuroAIDS are: neurons; microglia; astrocytes; and oligodendrocytes. Molecular devices and their associations with cellular injuries have been described from the entry of the virus into the host's CNS cell to the generation of mental disorders. Furthermore, divergent results were found about the levels of CCL5/RANTES secretion and the generation of immunopathogenesis, while all condensed research for CCR5 indicated that elevation of this receptor causes more neurodegenerative manifestations. Therefore, new therapeutic and interventional strategies can be conditioned on the immunological direction proposed in this review for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Parasite Biology in the Amazon (PPGBPA), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Rebecca Lobato Marinho
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences (ICB), University of Pará State (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil
| | - Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences (ICB), University of Pará State (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil
| | - Thiago Pinto Brasil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60441-750, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Caroliny Soares Silva
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences (ICB), University of Pará State (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil
| | - Daniele Melo Sardinha
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences (ICB), University of Pará State (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
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Silva MJA, Santana DS, Lima MBM, Silva CS, de Oliveira LG, Monteiro EOL, Dias RDS, Pereira BDKB, Nery PADS, Ferreira MAS, Sarmento MADS, Ayin AAN, Mendes de Oliveira AC, Lima KVB, Lima LNGC. Assessment of the Risk Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Prevalence between Cats and Dogs in America and Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pathogens 2024; 13:314. [PMID: 38668269 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic represented a huge obstacle for public health and demonstrated weaknesses in surveillance and health promotion systems around the world. Its etiological agent, SARS-CoV-2, of zoonotic origin, has been the target of several studies related to the control and prevention of outbreaks and epidemics of COVID-19 not only for humans but also for animals. Domestic animals, such as dogs and cats, have extensive contact with humans and can acquire the infection both naturally and directly from humans. The objective of this article was to summarize the seroprevalence findings of SARS-CoV-2 in dogs and cats and correlate them with the strength of infection risk between each of them. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis following the recommendations of PRISMA 2020. The search and selection of papers was carried out using in vivo experimental works with animals using the descriptors (MeSH/DeCS) "Animal", "Public Health", "SARS-CoV-2" and "Pandemic" (together with AND) in English, Portuguese or Spanish for Science Direct, PUBMED, LILACS and SciELO databases. The ARRIVE checklist was used for methodological evaluation and the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis v2.2 software with the Difference Risk (RD) test to evaluate statistical inferences (with subgroups by continent). Cats showed greater susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 compared to dogs both in a joint analysis of studies (RD = 0.017; 95% CI = 0.008-0.025; p < 0.0001) and in the American subgroup (RD = 0.053; 95% CI = 0.032-0.073; p < 0.0001), unlike the lack of significant difference on the European continent (RD = 0.009; 95% CI = -0.001-0.018; p = 0.066). Therefore, it was observed that cats have a greater interest in health surveillance due to the set of biological and ecological aspects of these animals, but also that there are a set of factors that can influence the spread and possible spillover events of the virus thanks to the anthropozoonotic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (CCBS), University of the State of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil
| | - Davi Silva Santana
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
| | - Marceli Batista Martins Lima
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
| | - Caroliny Soares Silva
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (CCBS), University of the State of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafael Dos Santos Dias
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Márcio André Silva Ferreira
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Cristina Mendes de Oliveira
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
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Silva MJA, Vieira MCDS, Souza AB, dos Santos EC, Marcelino BDR, Casseb SMM, Lima KVB, Lima LNGC. Analysis of associations between the TLR3 SNPs rs3775291 and rs3775290 and COVID-19 in a cohort of professionals of Belém-PA, Brazil. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1320701. [PMID: 38173795 PMCID: PMC10763251 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1320701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this article was to verify associations between the SNPs rs3775291 (Cytosine [C]>Thymine [T]) and rs3775290 (C>T) of TLR3 in professionals from Health Institutions (HI) who worked during the first pandemic wave and COVID-19. A case-control study was carried out with workers from HI in Belém-PA, Brazil, divided into symptomatology groups (Asymptomatic-AS, n=91; and Symptomatic-SI, n=121), and severity groups, classified by Chest CT scan (symptomatic with lung involvement - SCP, n=34; symptomatic without lung involvement - SSP, n=8). Genotyping was performed by Sanger sequencing and statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program. In the analysis of SNP rs3775291, the homozygous recessive genotype (T/T) was not found and the frequency of the mutant allele (T) was less than 2% in the cohort. For the rs3775290 SNP, the frequency of the mutant allele (T) was greater than 42% in the cohort. No significant associations were found for these SNPs in this cohort (N= 212 individuals). The scientific community and physicians can use these facts to find new methods of managing COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
| | | | - Alex Brito Souza
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Everaldina Cordeiro dos Santos
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Beatriz dos Reis Marcelino
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
| | | | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
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Silva MJA, Silva CS, Marinho RL, Cabral JG, Gurrão EPDC, dos Santos PAS, Casseb SMM, Lima KVB, Lima LNGC. Analysis of Epidemiological Factors and SNP rs3804100 of TLR2 for COVID-19 in a Cohort of Professionals Who Worked in the First Pandemic Wave in Belém-PA, Brazil. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1907. [PMID: 37895256 PMCID: PMC10606513 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by coronavirus 2 of the severe acute syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes, such as TLR2, responsible for an effective human immune response, can change the course of infection. The objective of this article was to verify associations between epidemiological factors and TLR2 SNP rs3804100 (Thymine [T] > Cytosine [C]) in professionals from Health Institutions (HI) who worked during the first pandemic wave and COVID-19. A case-control study was conducted with Belém-PA HI workers (Northern Brazil), divided into symptomatology groups (Asymptomatic-AS; n = 91; and Symptomatic-SI; n = 123); and severity groups classified by Chest Computerized Tomography data (symptomatic with pulmonary involvement-SCP; n = 35; symptomatic without pulmonary involvement-SSP; n = 8). Genotyping was performed by Sanger sequencing, and Statistical Analysis was conducted through the SPSS program. Bioinformatics servers predicted the biological functions of the TLR2 SNP. There were associations between the presence of comorbidities and poor prognosis of COVID-19 (especially between symptomatology and severity of COVID-19 and overweight and obesity) and between the sickness in family members and kinship (related to blood relatives). The homozygous recessive (C/C) genotype was not found, and the frequency of the mutant allele (C) was less than 10% in the cohort. No significant associations were found for this SNP in this cohort. The presence of SNP was indicated to be benign and causes a decrease in the stability of the TLR2 protein. These data can help the scientific community and medicine find new forms of COVID-19 containment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Master Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Caroliny Soares Silva
- Master and PhD Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon (PPGBPA), University of State of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (P.A.S.d.S.)
| | - Rebecca Lobato Marinho
- Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (J.G.C.); (E.P.d.C.G.); (S.M.M.C.); (K.V.B.L.)
| | - Jeanne Gonçalves Cabral
- Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (J.G.C.); (E.P.d.C.G.); (S.M.M.C.); (K.V.B.L.)
| | - Ellen Polyana da Costa Gurrão
- Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (J.G.C.); (E.P.d.C.G.); (S.M.M.C.); (K.V.B.L.)
| | - Pabllo Antonny Silva dos Santos
- Master and PhD Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon (PPGBPA), University of State of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (P.A.S.d.S.)
| | - Samir Mansour Moraes Casseb
- Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (J.G.C.); (E.P.d.C.G.); (S.M.M.C.); (K.V.B.L.)
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (J.G.C.); (E.P.d.C.G.); (S.M.M.C.); (K.V.B.L.)
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Dos Santos PAS, Silva MJA, Gouveia MIM, Lima LNGC, Quaresma AJPG, De Lima PDL, Brasiliense DM, Lima KVB, Rodrigues YC. The Prevalence of Metallo-Beta-Lactamese-(MβL)-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates in Brazil: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2366. [PMID: 37764210 PMCID: PMC10534863 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study is to describe the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA)-producing MβL among Brazilian isolates and the frequency of blaSPM-1 in MβL-PA-producing isolates. From January 2009 to August 2023, we carried out an investigation on this subject in the internet databases SciELO, PubMed, Science Direct, and LILACS. A total of 20 papers that met the eligibility requirements were chosen by comprehensive meta-analysis software v2.2 for data retrieval and analysis by one meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model for the two investigations. The prevalence of MβL-producing P. aeruginosa was 35.8% or 0.358 (95% CI = 0.324-0.393). The studies' differences were significantly different from one another (x2 = 243.15; p < 0.001; I2 = 92.18%), so they were divided into subgroups based on Brazilian regions. There was indication of asymmetry in the meta-analyses' publishing bias funnel plot; so, a meta-regression was conducted by the study's publication year. According to the findings of Begg's test, no discernible publishing bias was found. blaSPM-1 prevalence was estimated at 66.9% or 0.669 in MβL-PA isolates (95% CI = 0.593-0.738). The analysis of this one showed an average heterogeneity (x2 = 90.93; p < 0.001; I2 = 80.20%). According to the results of Begg's test and a funnel plot, no discernible publishing bias was found. The research showed that MβL-P. aeruginosa and SPM-1 isolates were relatively common among individuals in Brazil. P. aeruginosa and other opportunistic bacteria are spreading quickly and causing severe infections, so efforts are needed to pinpoint risk factors, reservoirs, transmission pathways, and the origin of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabllo Antonny Silva Dos Santos
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (P.D.L.D.L.); (D.M.B.); (K.V.B.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.I.M.G.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.I.M.G.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Montoril Gouveia
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.I.M.G.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (P.D.L.D.L.); (D.M.B.); (K.V.B.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.I.M.G.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Ana Judith Pires Garcia Quaresma
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.I.M.G.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Patrícia Danielle Lima De Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (P.D.L.D.L.); (D.M.B.); (K.V.B.L.)
| | - Danielle Murici Brasiliense
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (P.D.L.D.L.); (D.M.B.); (K.V.B.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.I.M.G.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (P.D.L.D.L.); (D.M.B.); (K.V.B.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.I.M.G.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.I.M.G.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
- Department of Natural Science, State University of Pará (DCNA/UEPA), Belém 66050-540, PA, Brazil
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Silva MJA, Marinho RL, dos Santos PAS, dos Santos CS, Ribeiro LR, Rodrigues YC, Lima KVB, Lima LNGC. The Association between CCL5/RANTES SNPs and Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection: A Meta-Analysis. Viruses 2023; 15:1958. [PMID: 37766364 PMCID: PMC10535444 DOI: 10.3390/v15091958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms in genes that encode natural ligands of CCR5 (the main human HIV coreceptor), such as CCL5/RANTES, can alter the levels of secretion of these peptides. This article sought to review the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CCL5/RANTES and HIV-1 disease susceptibility. A meta-analysis was conducted through 17 articles found from January 1999 to December 2022 in the PUBMED, Science Direct, Medline, and SciELO databases. A total of three SNPs were identified and investigated under their dominant genotypic model and through a fixed-effects model. In terms of the SNP rs2107538 (G > A), in Africa and Asia, it has a protective role (OR = 0.56; 95% CI = 0.41-0.76; p = 0.0002, and OR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.76-1.02; p = 0.08, respectively). In terms of the SNP rs2280788 (C > G), in Europe and America, it shows a higher risk role (OR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.06-3.47; p = 0.03, and OR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.94-1.11; p = 0.04, respectively), but in the population of Asia, with its mutant allele, it has a protective role (OR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.63-0.93; p = 0.007). In terms of the SNP rs2280789 (T > C), no significant associations were found. Both SNPs rs2107538 and rs2280788 have a positive transcriptional effect on the RANTES/CCL5 gene, while SNP rs2280789 causes a decrease in gene expression levels. This study suggests that there is an association between the increased expression of CCL5/RANTES and a lower risk of AIDS. Therefore, further studies are needed to arrive at a definitive conclusion, and these results may help establish scientific bases for effective HIV/AIDS control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Master Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | - Rebecca Lobato Marinho
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section of the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (L.R.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Pabllo Antonny Silva dos Santos
- Master and PhD Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon (PPGBPA), Department of Natural Science (DCNA/UEPA), University of Pará State (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.d.S.); (C.S.d.S.)
| | - Carolynne Silva dos Santos
- Master and PhD Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon (PPGBPA), Department of Natural Science (DCNA/UEPA), University of Pará State (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.d.S.); (C.S.d.S.)
| | - Layana Rufino Ribeiro
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section of the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (L.R.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
- Master Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section of the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (L.R.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Department of Natural Science (DCNA/UEPA), University of Pará State (UEPA), Belém 66050-540, PA, Brazil
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section of the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (L.R.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section of the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (R.L.M.); (L.R.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
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Dos Santos PAS, Rodrigues YC, Marcon DJ, Lobato ARF, Cazuza TB, Gouveia MIM, Silva MJA, Souza AB, Lima LNGC, Quaresma AJPG, Brasiliense DM, Lima KVB. Endemic High-Risk Clone ST277 Is Related to the Spread of SPM-1-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Northern Brazil. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2069. [PMID: 37630629 PMCID: PMC10457858 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a high-priority bacterial agent that causes healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs), which often leads to serious infections and poor prognosis in vulnerable patients. Its increasing resistance to antimicrobials, associated with SPM production, is a case of public health concern. Therefore, this study aims to determine the antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and genotyping features of P. aeruginosa strains producing SPM-1 in the Northern region of Brazil. To determine the presence of virulence and resistance genes, the PCR technique was used. For the susceptibility profile of antimicrobials, the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was performed on Mueller-Hinton agar. The MLST technique was used to define the ST of the isolates. The exoS+/exoU- virulotype was standard for all strains, with the aprA, lasA, toxA, exoS, exoT, and exoY genes as the most prevalent. All the isolates showed an MDR or XDR profile against the six classes of antimicrobials tested. HRC ST277 played a major role in spreading the SPM-1-producing P. aeruginosa strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabllo Antonny Silva Dos Santos
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (D.J.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (D.M.B.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
- Department of Natural Science, State University of Pará (DCNA/UEPA), Belém 66050-540, PA, Brazil
| | - Davi Josué Marcon
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (D.J.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (D.M.B.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Amália Raiana Fonseca Lobato
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Thalyta Braga Cazuza
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Maria Isabel Montoril Gouveia
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Alex Brito Souza
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (D.J.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (D.M.B.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Ana Judith Pires Garcia Quaresma
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
| | - Danielle Murici Brasiliense
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (D.J.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (D.M.B.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (P.A.S.D.S.); (D.J.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (D.M.B.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.R.F.L.); (T.B.C.); (M.I.M.G.); (M.J.A.S.); (A.B.S.); (A.J.P.G.Q.)
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
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Mesquita CR, da Conceição ML, de Oliveira RAC, Conceição EC, Garcez JCD, Sousa IFR, Lima LNGC, Lima KVB, de Paula Souza e Guimarães RJ. Spatial Analysis of Tuberculosis Patient Flow in a Neglected Region of Northern Brazil. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:397. [PMID: 37624335 PMCID: PMC10457907 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8080397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is still considered a priority due to its high incidence rate in Brazil. In this context, we aimed to evaluate the flow of care between the municipalities of patients diagnosed with TB through notification forms of the Information System for Diseases and Notifications (SINAN) in a neglected region of Northern Brazil, Ilha do Marajó, state of Para. For this, we performed a descriptive, retrospective study on data obtained from the National Register of Health Establishments and SINAN from 2013 to 2018. We used Pearson's Chi-square and G Test with p-value < 0.05 for descriptive statistics and spatial analysis technique on flow network analysis. Of the 749 cases, 16.5% were notified in another municipality that was not the patient's residence. Regarding diagnostic methods, a positive bacterioscopy was adopted for 56% of the patients; culture was not performed for 82% of cases. Histopathological examination was not performed in 90% of the individuals. Rapid molecular test (RMT) was performed in only six (5%) cases. The region needs greater attention focused on diagnostic tests, suggesting that the introduction of RMT and culture by Ogawa-Kudoh could improve the region's health network to minimise patient displacement and thus avoid the increase in the transmission chain of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristal Ribeiro Mesquita
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region, State University of Pará, Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, Pará, Brazil; (J.C.D.G.); (I.F.R.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (K.V.B.L.)
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Emilyn Costa Conceição
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Juliana Conceição Dias Garcez
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region, State University of Pará, Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, Pará, Brazil; (J.C.D.G.); (I.F.R.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (K.V.B.L.)
| | - Ianny Ferreira Raiol Sousa
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region, State University of Pará, Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, Pará, Brazil; (J.C.D.G.); (I.F.R.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (K.V.B.L.)
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region, State University of Pará, Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, Pará, Brazil; (J.C.D.G.); (I.F.R.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (K.V.B.L.)
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil;
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance, Ananindeua 67000-000, Pará, Brazil;
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region, State University of Pará, Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, Pará, Brazil; (J.C.D.G.); (I.F.R.S.); (L.N.G.C.L.); (K.V.B.L.)
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil;
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance, Ananindeua 67000-000, Pará, Brazil;
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Silva MJA, Silva CS, da Silva Vieira MC, dos Santos PAS, Frota CC, Lima KVB, Lima LNGC. The Relationship between TLR3 rs3775291 Polymorphism and Infectious Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1311. [PMID: 37510216 PMCID: PMC10379146 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As the host's first line of defense against pathogens, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), such as the TLR3, are genes encoding transmembrane receptors of the same name. Depending on their expression, TLRs cause a pro- or anti-inflammatory response. The purpose of the article was to determine whether there is an association between the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) rs3775291 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-SNP and susceptibility to infections. This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO under the code CRD42023429533. A systematic search for relevant studies was performed using PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Google Scholar, and Science Direct by the MeSH descriptors and the Boolean Operator "AND": "Infections"; "TLR3"; "SNP", between January 2005 and July 2022. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for genotypic comparison assuming a dominant genetic model (CT + TT vs. CC). A meta-analysis of 18 studies consisting of 3118 cases and 4368 controls found a significant association for risk between the presence of the TLR3 SNP rs3775291 and infections as part of the general analysis (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.04-1.28, p = 0.004). In the subgroups of continents, the SNP had a protective role in Europe for 1044 cases and 1471 controls (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.70-0.99, p = 0.04); however, the Asian (for 1588 patients and 2306 controls) and American (for 486 patients and 591 controls) continents had an increase in infectious risk (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.19-1.58, p < 0.001; OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.08-1.86, and p = 0.01, respectively). Heterogeneity between studies was detected (I2 = 58%) but was explained in meta-regression by the subgroup of continents itself and publication bias was not evident. The results of the meta-analysis suggest a significant association between the TLR3 rs3775291 polymorphism and susceptibility to infections. Thus, when analyzing subgroups, the Asian and American continents showed that this SNP confers a higher risk against infections in a dominant genotypic model. Therefore, more studies are necessary to fully elucidate the role of TLR3 rs3775291 in infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Graduate Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | - Caroliny Soares Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon (PPGBPA), University of State of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (M.C.d.S.V.); (P.A.S.d.S.)
| | - Marcelo Cleyton da Silva Vieira
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon (PPGBPA), University of State of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (M.C.d.S.V.); (P.A.S.d.S.)
| | - Pabllo Antonny Silva dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon (PPGBPA), University of State of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-670, PA, Brazil; (C.S.S.); (M.C.d.S.V.); (P.A.S.d.S.)
| | - Cristiane Cunha Frota
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60441-750, CE, Brazil;
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section of the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
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Sardinha DM, Ferreira ALDS, Guimarães RJDPSE, Lima KVB, Lima LNGC. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients with Cardiovascular Disease Who Were Hospitalized for COVID-19 in Brazil: Retrospective Cohort. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040861. [PMID: 37112773 PMCID: PMC10146801 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 in Brazil has already caused, and it still causes, several impacts on health, economy, and education. The risk factors for death involved those with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which were prioritized for the vaccination of COVID-19. OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with cardiovascular diseases hospitalized for COVID-19 in Brazil in the year 2022. METHODS A retrospective cohort was analyzed from the year 2022, with cases being hospitalized by COVID-19 being drawn from SIVEP-GRIPE surveillance. We compared clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes between CVD carriers and non-carriers, and we also compared vaccinated with two doses vs. those that are unvaccinated in CVD carriers. We performed chi-square, odds ratio, logistic regression, and survival analysis. RESULTS We included, in the cohort, 112,459 hospital inpatients. An amount of 71,661 (63.72%) of the hospitalized patients had CVD. Regarding deaths, 37,888 (33.69%) died. Regarding vaccination against COVID-19, 20,855 (18.54%) people were not vaccinated with any dose among those with CVD. Death p- < 0.001 (OR 1.307-CI 1.235-1.383) and fever p- < 0.001 (OR 1.156-CI 1.098-1.218) were associated with the unvaccinated CVD carriers, and diarrhea p-0.015 (OR 1.116-CI 1.022-1.218), dyspnea p-0.022 (OR 1.074-CI 1.011-1.142), and respiratory distress p-0.021 (OR 1.070-CI 1.011-1.134) were also recorded. Those patients who possessed predictors of death, including invasive ventilation (p- < 0.001 (OR 8.816-CI 8.313-9.350)), were admitted to the ICU p- < 0.001 (OR 1.754-CI 1.684-1.827), and some had respiratory distress p- < 0.001 (OR 1.367-CI 1.312-1.423), dyspnea p < 0.001 (OR 1.341-CI 1.284-1.400), O2 saturation < 95% p- < 0. 001 (OR 1.307-CI 1.254-1.363), they were unvaccinated against COVID-19 p- < 0.001 (OR 1.258-CI 1.200-1.319), they were of male sex p- < 0.001 (OR 1.179-CI 1.138-1.221), they had diarrhea p-0.018 (OR 1.081-CI 1.013-1.154), and they may have been old p < 0.001 (OR 1.034-CI 1.033-1.035). Survival was shorter for the unvaccinated p-0.003, and p- <0.001. CONCLUSIONS We highlight the predictors of death for those unvaccinated against COVID-19 in this research, and we evidenced the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine in reducing deaths in hospitalized CVD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Melo Sardinha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará and Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGBPA/UEPA/IEC), Belém 66087-670, Pará, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde, Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGEVS/IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
- Laboratório de Geoprocessamento do Instituto Evandro Chagas (LABGEO/IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
- Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto Evandro Chagas (SABMI/LABMOL/IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia da Silva Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará and Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGBPA/UEPA/IEC), Belém 66087-670, Pará, Brazil
- Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto Evandro Chagas (SABMI/LABMOL/IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ricardo José de Paula Souza E Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde, Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGEVS/IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
- Laboratório de Geoprocessamento do Instituto Evandro Chagas (LABGEO/IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará and Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGBPA/UEPA/IEC), Belém 66087-670, Pará, Brazil
- Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto Evandro Chagas (SABMI/LABMOL/IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará and Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGBPA/UEPA/IEC), Belém 66087-670, Pará, Brazil
- Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto Evandro Chagas (SABMI/LABMOL/IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Pará, Brazil
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Cohen M, Cruz LN, Cardoso RB, Albuquerque MDFPMD, Montarroyos UR, de Souza WV, Ludermir AB, de Carvalho MR, da Silva Vicente JD, Viegas Filho MP, Cortes FJM, de Siqueira Silva MT, Almeida CMC, Lima LNGC, Veras MADSM, Kendall C, Kerr LRFS, Martelli CMT, Camey SA. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of frontline healthcare workers in a highly affected region in Brazil. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:255. [PMID: 37069533 PMCID: PMC10107551 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04702-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs), especially in low and middle-income countries, which had to face additional political, social, and economic challenges. We thus aimed to assess the prevalence of mental health outcomes and the associated factors in HCWs treating COVID-19 patients in one of the most affected regions in Brazil. METHODS We used the Respondent-Driven Sampling method to assess the risks of COVID-19 infection and symptoms of mental disorders in nurses, nursing technicians, and physicians who worked on the frontline in the metropolitan region of Recife. 865 healthcare workers completed a survey regarding sociodemographic data, work-related risks, and symptoms of mental disorders - SRQ-20 for common mental disorders (CMD); AUDIT-C for problematic alcohol use; GAD-7 for anxiety; PHQ-9 for depression; PCL-5 for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Gile's successive sampling estimator was used to produce the weighted estimates by professional category. A Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to analyze factors associated with a positive screening for CMD. We will present the results of a cross-sectional analysis of the mental health outcomes after the first peak of COVID-19 - from August 2020 to February 2021. RESULTS The prevalence ratios for a positive screening for CMD were 34.9% (95% CI: 27.8-41.9) in nurses, 28.6% (95% CI: 21.3-36.0) in physicians, and 26.6% (95% CI: 16.8-36.5) in nursing technicians. Nurses presented a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms (23%). Positive screening for problematic alcohol use (10.5 to14.0%), anxiety (10.4 to 13.3%), and PTSD (3.3 to 4.4%) were similar between the professional categories. The main factors associated with CMD in nurses and physicians were related to an intrinsic susceptibility to mental illness, such as previous or family history of psychiatric disorder, and female sex. Among nurse technicians, work-related factors, such as accidents with biological material, presented the strongest association with CMD. CONCLUSION The mental health of HCWs fighting COVID-19 in Recife was severely affected. It is crucial that healthcare services provide adequate working conditions and psychological support, investing in programs to promote and protect HCWs mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mírian Cohen
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos St, 2400, 2nd fl, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment (IATS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Luciane Nascimento Cruz
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment (IATS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento (HMV), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bertoglio Cardoso
- Graduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos St, 2400, 2nd fl, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment (IATS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fanny Julia Mireille Cortes
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment (IATS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Carl Kendall
- Department of Community Health, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | | | - Suzi Alves Camey
- Statistics Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Kendall C, Ellery AEL, Carneiro Junior N, da Silva Santana R, Cruz LN, Cohen M, Leal M, Lima LNGC, de Sousa Mascena Veras MA, de Fátima Pessoa Militão de Albuquerque M, Lima KVB, Martelli CMT, Kerr LRFS. Reports from the frontline: health workers describe COVID-19 risks and fears in five cities in Brazil. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:276. [PMID: 36949423 PMCID: PMC10031693 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health providers are under unprecedented pressures to perform in the COVID-19 health crisis and under unprecedented risks. We initiated a large mixed-method survey of health professionals in five large metropolitan areas in Brazil to document the risks and needs of health professionals. To initiate the study, we conducted formative research. METHODS We conducted 77 open-ended semi-structured interviews online in a convenience sample of physicians, nurses, nurse technicians, and physiotherapists in Belem, Fortaleza, Porto Alegre, Recife, and São Paulo, Brazil. Design, data collection, and analysis were informed by Rapid Ethnographic Analysis (REA). RESULTS Responses are organized into three themes that emerged in the interviews: the lack of preparation - both locally and nationally-for the pandemic and its effects on staffing and training; the overlap of personal, family, and professional risk and consequences; and inadequately addressed anxiety and suffering among health staff. CONCLUSIONS Our respondents were unprepared for the epidemic, especially the institutional sequelae and psychological cost. These consequences were exacerbated by both lack of leadership and sweeping changes undercutting the Brazilian health system noted by almost all participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Kendall
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
- Federal University of Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Saúde Pública, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Ana Ecilda Lima Ellery
- Federal University of Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Saúde Pública, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mírian Cohen
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marto Leal
- Federal University of Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Saúde Pública, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Costa GF, Garcez JCD, Marcos W, Ferreira ALDS, Andrade JAA, Rodrigues YC, Lima LNGC, Conceição EC, Lima KVB. Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Outcome in a Hyperendemic City in the North of Brazil. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11040508. [PMID: 36833042 PMCID: PMC9957009 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ananindeua city, State of Pará, North of Brazil, is a hyperendemic area for tuberculosis (TB), with a cure rate below the recommendation by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. We aimed to describe: (I) the TB incidence coefficient of Ananindeua municipality comparatively against Brazilian data; (II) TB treatment outcomes; (III) to compare the socioeconomic and epidemiological characteristics of abandonment versus cure outcome; and (IV) to evaluate the risk factors associated with TB treatment abandonment in Ananindeua city, from 2017 to 2021. This is a retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional epidemiological study which used secondary TB entries. Data were analyzed by linear regression, descriptive statistics, and associations were made using the Chi-square test and G-test, followed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Cure rates ranged from 28.7% to 70.1%, abandonment between 7.3% and 11.8%, deaths from the disease ranged from 0% to 1.6%, and drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) rates had frequencies from 0% to 0.9%. Patient transfer rates to other municipalities were between 4.9% and 12.5%. The multivariate analysis showed that alcohol is almost 2 times more likely to lead an individual to abandon treatment and use of illicit drugs was almost 3 times more likely. Individuals between 20 and 59 years of age were also more likely to abandon treatment almost twice as often. Finally, data obtained in the present report is of great relevance to strengthen epidemiological surveillance and minimize possible discrepancies between the information systems and the reality of public health in high endemicity areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Fazzi Costa
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
- Correspondence: (G.F.C.); (K.V.B.L.); Tel.: +55-91-3214-2116 (K.V.B.L.)
| | - Juliana Conceição Dias Garcez
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Weber Marcos
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia da Silva Ferreira
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
- Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health of Brazil, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Emilyn Costa Conceição
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Ministry of Health of Brazil, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
- Correspondence: (G.F.C.); (K.V.B.L.); Tel.: +55-91-3214-2116 (K.V.B.L.)
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Santana DS, Silva MJA, de Marin ABR, Costa VLDS, Sousa GSM, de Sousa JG, Silva DC, da Cruz EC, Lima LNGC. The Influence Between C-C Chemokine Receptor 5 Genetic Polymorphisms and the Type-1 Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A 20-Year Review. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2023; 39:13-32. [PMID: 36226448 PMCID: PMC9889015 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2022.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by the types 1 and 2 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Clinical outcomes in patients are highly varied and delineated by complex interactions between virus, host, and environment, such as with help of co-receptors, for example, the C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). This work aimed to describe the scientific evidence relating the influence of CCR5 polymorphisms in association studies for HIV-1 disease susceptibility, severity, and transmissibility. This is a systematic review of the literature on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the deletion [Insertion and Deletion (Indel)] Δ32 of CCR5. The search for articles was based on the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) databases for the period between 2001 and 2021. The final sample consisted of 32 articles. †SNP rs1799987 is one of the genetic polymorphisms most associated with the criteria of susceptibility and severity of HIV-1, having distinct consequences in genotypic, allelic, and clinical analysis in the variability of investigated populations. As for the transmission character of the disease, the G mutant allele of rs1799987 corresponds to the highest positive association. ‡Furthermore, the results on Indel Δ32 corroborate the absence and rarity of this variant in some populations. Finally, mitigating the severity of cases, SNPs rs1799988 and rs1800023 obtained significant attribution in individuals in the studied populations. It is shown that the reported polymorphisms express significant influences for the evaluation of diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic measures for HIV-1 having fundamental particularities in the molecular, genetic, and transcriptional aspects of CCR5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi Silva Santana
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil.,Address correspondence to: Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva, Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Dihago Cardoso Silva
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Eliete Costa da Cruz
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
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Silva MJA, Santana DS, de Oliveira LG, Monteiro EOL, Lima LNGC. The relationship between 896A/G (rs4986790) polymorphism of TLR4 and infectious diseases: A meta-analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:1045725. [PMID: 36506333 PMCID: PMC9729345 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1045725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like Receptors (TLRs), such as the TLR4, are genes encoding transmembrane receptors of the same name, which induce a pro- or anti-inflammatory response according to their expression as the host's first line of defense against pathogens, such as infectious ones. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common type of mutation in the human genome and can generate functional modification in genes. The aim of this article is to review in which infectious diseases there is an association of susceptibility or protection by the TLR4 SNP rs4986790. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was conducted in the Science Direct, PUBMED, MEDLINE, and SciELO databases between 2011 and 2021 based on the dominant genotypic model of this SNP for general and subgroup analysis of infectious agent type in random effect. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for genotypic comparison. I2 statistics were calculated to assess the presence of heterogeneity between studies and funnel plots were inspected for indication of publication bias. A total of 27 articles were included, all in English. Among the results achieved, the categories of diseases that were most associated with the SNP studied were in decreasing order of number of articles: infections by bacteria (29.63%); caused by viruses (22.23%); urinary tract infection-UTI (7.4%), while 11 studies (40.74%) demonstrated a nonsignificant association. In this meta-analysis, a total of 5599 cases and 5871 controls were finalized. The present meta-analysis suggests that there is no significant association between TLR4-rs4986790 SNP and infections (OR = 1,11; 95% CI: 0,75-1,66; p = 0,59), but in the virus subgroup it was associated with a higher risk (OR = 2,16; 95% CI: 1,09-4,30; p = 0,03). The subgroups of bacteria and parasites did not show statistical significance (OR = 0,86; 95% CI: 0,56-1,30; p = 0,47, and no estimate of effects, respectively). Therefore, it has been shown that a diversity of infectious diseases is related to this polymorphism, either by susceptibility or even severity to them, and the receptor generated is also crucial for the generation of cell signaling pathways and immune response against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davi Silva Santana
- Institute of Health Sciences (ICS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
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Abstract
Background There is evidence that the adaptive or acquired immune system is one of the crucial variables in differentiating the course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This work aimed to analyze the immunopathological aspects of adaptive immunity that are involved in the progression of this disease. Methods This is a systematic review based on articles that included experimental evidence from in vitro assays, cohort studies, reviews, cross-sectional and case-control studies from PubMed, SciELO, MEDLINE, and Lilacs databases in English, Portuguese, or Spanish between January 2020 and July 2022. Results Fifty-six articles were finalized for this review. CD4+ T cells were the most resolutive in the health-disease process compared with B cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes. The predominant subpopulations of T helper lymphocytes (Th) in critically ill patients are Th1, Th2, Th17 (without their main characteristics) and regulatory T cells (Treg), while in mild cases there is an influx of Th1, Th2, Th17 and follicular T helper cells (Tfh). These cells are responsible for the secretion of cytokines, including interleukin (IL) - 6, IL-4, IL-10, IL-7, IL-22, IL-21, IL-15, IL-1α, IL-23, IL-5, IL-13, IL-2, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), CXC motivating ligand (CXCL) 8, CXCL9 and tumor growth factor beta (TGF-β), with the abovementioned first 8 inflammatory mediators related to clinical benefits, while the others to a poor prognosis. Some CD8+ T lymphocyte markers are associated with the severity of the disease, such as human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DR) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). Among the antibodies produced by SARS-CoV-2, Immunoglobulin (Ig) A stood out due to its potent release associated with a more severe clinical form. Conclusions It is concluded that through this study it is possible to have a brief overview of the main immunological biomarkers and their function during SARS-CoV-2 infection in particular cell types. In critically ill individuals, adaptive immunity is varied, aberrantly compromised, and late. In particular, the T-cell response is also an essential and necessary component in immunological memory and therefore should be addressed in vaccine formulation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Graduate Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva,
| | - Layana Rufino Ribeiro
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Graduate Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance (PPGEVS), Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Brazil
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Garcez JCD, Sardinha DM, Conceição EC, Costa GF, Sousa IFR, Mesquita CR, do Carmo WC, Rodrigues YC, Lima LNGC, Lima KVB. Surveillance Quality Indicators Highlight the Need for Improving Tuberculosis Diagnostics and Monitoring in a Hyperendemic Area of the Brazilian Amazon Region. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7080165. [PMID: 36006257 PMCID: PMC9416606 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7080165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The city of Ananindeua, State of Pará, Brazil, is a hyperendemic area for tuberculosis (TB). The present study describes the population characteristics and epidemiological indicators of TB cases from Ananindeua, from 2018 to 2020. The TB cases were screened from the Municipal Health Department of Ananindeua database, and the secondary data were obtained from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). A high percentage of cases did not undergo a rapid molecular test (74.9%) or culture (84.8%) for diagnosis of TB; a chest X-ray examination for diagnosis of TB was performed in 74.47% of new cases. The SINAN form data was incomplete on susceptibility test results (<0.01−92.7). Sputum smear microscopy for monitoring treatment was recorded in the follow-up form in 34.3% and after the 6th month in 61.1% of cases. The cure rate (60.31%) was below the recommendation by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The quality indicators showed many weaknesses: (I) lack of availability of smear microscopy as a diagnostic test in a hyper-endemic area; (II) low availability of specific exams such as culture and rapid molecular test (RMT); (III) low adherence to smear microscopy to monitor the evolution of cases during treatment; (IV) absence of drug susceptibility test data; (V) failure to fill in essential variables for TB surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Conceição Dias Garcez
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (D.M.S.); (G.F.C.); (I.F.R.S.); (C.R.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (J.C.D.G.); (K.V.B.L.)
| | - Daniele Melo Sardinha
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (D.M.S.); (G.F.C.); (I.F.R.S.); (C.R.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | - Emilyn Costa Conceição
- Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa;
| | - Gabriel Fazzi Costa
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (D.M.S.); (G.F.C.); (I.F.R.S.); (C.R.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | - Ianny Ferreira Raiol Sousa
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (D.M.S.); (G.F.C.); (I.F.R.S.); (C.R.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | - Cristal Ribeiro Mesquita
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (D.M.S.); (G.F.C.); (I.F.R.S.); (C.R.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | | | - Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (D.M.S.); (G.F.C.); (I.F.R.S.); (C.R.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil; (D.M.S.); (G.F.C.); (I.F.R.S.); (C.R.M.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (J.C.D.G.); (K.V.B.L.)
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Quaresma AJPG, Rodrigues YC, Aboim JB, Bezerra MM, Gouveia MIM, Da Costa ARF, de Oliveira Souza C, Bastos FC, Lima LNGC, de Paula Ramos FL, Valéria Batista Lima K. Molecular Epidemiology of Sporadic and Outbreak-Related Salmonella Typhi Isolates in the Brazilian North Region: A Retrospective Analysis from 1995 to 2013. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:569-573. [PMID: 36005262 PMCID: PMC9408587 DOI: 10.3390/idr14040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Typhoidal salmonellosis is a global public health problem occurring in developing endemic regions. In Brazil, cases are mostly registered in the North and Northeast regions. Molecular characterization of the strains is important to understand the epidemiology of disease infections and to design control strategies. The present study retrospectively evaluates the genotyping features of sporadic and outbreak-related Salmonella Typhi isolates from the Brazilian North region. Bacterial isolates were recovered from blood and a rectal swab of patients in the states of Acre and Pará, Brazilian North region, in the period of 1995 to 2013, and were submitted to genotyping by applying Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) reference methods. MLST genotyping revealed the presence of epidemic clones ST1 and ST2, and 20 pulsotypes were identified by PFGE, including four distinct clusters (A–D), and six subclusters (A1–D1) with indistinguishable strains in different periods and locations. To conclude, the obtained data demonstrates the temporal stability, adaptation, and transmission of outbreak-related and sporadic S. Typhi strains over time, contributing to the transmission chain in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Judith Pires Garcia Quaresma
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Ph.D. Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Joseline Barbosa Aboim
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Mayza Miranda Bezerra
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Maria Isabel Montoril Gouveia
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Ana Roberta Fusco Da Costa
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Cintya de Oliveira Souza
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Flávia Corrêa Bastos
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Ph.D. Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Francisco Lúzio de Paula Ramos
- Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC), Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (A.J.P.G.Q.); (Y.C.R.); (J.B.A.); (M.M.B.); (M.I.M.G.); (A.R.F.D.C.); (C.d.O.S.); (F.C.B.); (L.N.G.C.L.)
- Ph.D. Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA), State University of Pará (UEPA), Tv. Perebebuí, 2623-Marco, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Albuquerque MDFPMD, Souza WVD, Montarroyos UR, Pereira CR, Braga C, Araújo TVBD, Ximenes RADA, Miranda-Filho DDB, Szwarcwald CL, Souza-Junior PRBD, Xavier MN, Morais CNLD, Albuquerque GDMD, Bresani-Salvi C, Mariz CA, Siqueira-Filha NTD, Galindo JM, França-Neto CL, Barbosa JMV, Veras MASM, Lima LNGC, Cruz LN, Kendall C, Kerr LRFS, Martelli CMT. Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among front-line healthcare workers in Northeast Brazil: a respondent-driven sampling approach. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058369. [PMID: 35667719 PMCID: PMC9170795 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages and occurrence of biological accidents among front-line healthcare workers (HCW). DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Using respondent-driven sampling, the study recruited distinct categories of HCW attending suspected or confirmed patients with COVID-19 from May 2020 to February 2021, in the Recife metropolitan area, Northeast Brazil. OUTCOME MEASURES The criterion to assess SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCW was a positive self-reported PCR test. RESULTS We analysed 1525 HCW: 527 physicians, 471 registered nurses, 263 nursing assistants and 264 physical therapists. Women predominated in all categories (81.1%; 95% CI: 77.8% to 84.1%). Nurses were older with more comorbidities (hypertension and overweight/obesity) than the other staff. The overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 61.8% (95% CI: 55.7% to 67.5%) after adjustment for the cluster random effect, weighted by network, and the reference population size. Risk factors for a positive RT-PCR test were being a nursing assistant (OR adjusted: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.42 to 4.61), not always using all recommended PPE while assisting patients with COVID-19 (OR adj: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.02 to 4.53) and reporting a splash of biological fluid/respiratory secretion in the eyes (OR adj: 3.37; 95% CI: 1.10 to 10.34). CONCLUSIONS This study shows the high frequency of SARS-CoV2 infection among HCW presumably due to workplace exposures. In our setting, nursing assistant comprised the most vulnerable category. Our findings highlight the need for improving healthcare facility environments, specific training and supervision to cope with public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wayner Vieira de Souza
- Department of Collective Health, Institute Aggeu Magalhaes, FIOCRUZ-PE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cynthia Braga
- Department of Parasitology, Institute Aggeu Magalhaes, FIOCRUZ-PE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Celia Landmann Szwarcwald
- Institute of Scientific Communication and Information and Technological (ICIT), FIOCRUZ-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Morgana Nascimento Xavier
- Department of Collective Health, Institute Aggeu Magalhaes, FIOCRUZ-PE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carolline Araújo Mariz
- Department of Collective Health, Institute Aggeu Magalhaes, FIOCRUZ-PE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Olinda Medical School, Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Jadson Mendonça Galindo
- Department of Collective Health, Institute Aggeu Magalhaes, FIOCRUZ-PE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carl Kendall
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Community Health, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
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de Lima MF, Silvestre MDPSA, dos Santos EC, Martins LC, Quaresma JAS, de Barros BDCV, Silva MJA, Lima LNGC. The Presence of Mycobacterium leprae in Wild Rodents. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061114. [PMID: 35744632 PMCID: PMC9228809 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae. There is a lack of data regarding environmental reservoirs, which may represent a serious public health problem in Brazil, especially in the state of Pará, which occupies the fourth position in incidence of cases in the country. Previous studies report evidence of infection occurring among armadillos, mangabei monkeys, and chimpanzees. In the present study, wild animals were captured and tested for the presence of anti-PGL-1 antibodies and M. leprae DNA. Fieldwork was carried out from October to November of 2016 in the cities of Curionópolis and Canaã dos Carajás, southeast of Pará state. Small and medium-sized wild animals were captured using appropriate traps. A total of 15 animals were captured. Sera and viscera fragments were collected and tested by ELISA and PCR methods. The presence of M. leprae DNA was confirmed by sequencing of specific gyrase gene in three animals of two different species, including one Necromys lasiurus (liver sample) and two Proechimys roberti (kidney and liver samples). This unprecedented finding suggests that species other than those previously reported are responsible for maintaining M. leprae in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell Furtado de Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.F.d.L.); (M.d.P.S.A.S.); (E.C.d.S.); (M.J.A.S.)
| | | | - Everaldina Cordeiro dos Santos
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.F.d.L.); (M.d.P.S.A.S.); (E.C.d.S.); (M.J.A.S.)
| | - Lívia Caricio Martins
- Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.F.d.L.); (M.d.P.S.A.S.); (E.C.d.S.); (M.J.A.S.)
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil; (M.F.d.L.); (M.d.P.S.A.S.); (E.C.d.S.); (M.J.A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(91)-98379-3537
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Silva CS, Gondim Costa Lima LN, Batista Lima KVR, Freitas de Almeida RL, da Conceição ML, Parente CC, Rocha AA, da Silva TC, Sancho SDO, Frota CC. Molecular detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex species in triatomines found in urban households and Peridomiciles in a city with high prevalence of tuberculosis in Northeastern Brazil. Int J Mycobacteriol 2022; 11:51-59. [PMID: 35295024 DOI: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_230_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triatomine insects, native to northeastern Brazil, have been found in the urban peridomicile. The city of Sobral has a high number of tuberculosis cases and several triatomine species. This study investigates the presence of mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) species, in triatomines captured in the urban perimeter of Sobral. METHODS We analyzed 167 triatomines captured in urban households and peridomiciles of Sobral. Mycobacteria were identified by the PRA-hsp65 method followed by partial sequencing of the hsp65 and rpoB genes. The sequences confirmed as MTBC were also typed by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) and spoligotyping. RESULTS Triatoma brasiliensis (38.6%), Triatoma pseudomaculata (32.9%), Panstrongylus lutzi (24.3%) were the most frequently identified. In 51.1% (70/167) of them, species of the Mycobacteriaceae family were detected by PRA-hsp65; of these, 31.4% (22/70) were identified as belonging to MTBC species. Nine (12.9%) of the triatomine samples were confirmed by sequencing as belonging to MTBC species. MIRU-VNTR genotyping suggests that the presence of different MTBC sublines in the triatomines should be investigated. CONCLUSION This is the first report of MTBC lineages in triatomine insects. These results indicate the migration and adaptation of these insects in an urban setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroliny Soares Silva
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua; Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, State University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Karla Val Ria Batista Lima
- Bacteriology and Mycology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua; Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, State University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cristiane Cunha Frota
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Sardinha DM, do Socorro Pompeu de Loiola R, Ferreira ALDS, de Sá CAF, Rodrigues YC, Lima KVB, E Guimarães RJDPS, Lima LNGC. Risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in a region of the Brazilian Amazon. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20569. [PMID: 34663823 PMCID: PMC8523658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Brazilian Northern region registered a high incidence of COVID-19 cases, particularly in the state of Pará. The present study investigated the risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in a Brazilian Amazon region of 100,819 cases. An epidemiological, cross-sectional, analytical and demographic study, analyzing data on confirmed cases for COVID-19 available at the Brazilian Ministry of Health's surveillance platform, was conducted. Variables such as, municipalities of residence, age, gender, signs and symptoms, comorbidities were included and associated with COVID-19 cases and outcomes. The spatial distribution was performed using the ArcGIS program. A total of 100,819 cases were evaluated. Overall, patients had the mean age of 42.3 years, were female (51.2%) and with lethality reaching 4.79% of cases. Main symptoms included fever (66.5%), cough (61.9%) and sore throat (39.8%). Regarding comorbidities, most of the patients presented cardiovascular disease (5.1%) and diabetes (4.2%). Neurological disease increased risk of death by nearly 15 times, followed by obesity (5.16 times) and immunodeficiency (5.09 time). The municipalities with the highest incidence rate were Parauapebas, Canaã dos Carajás and Jacareacanga. Similarity between the Lower Amazon, Marajó and Southwest mesoregions of Pará state were observed concerning the highest morbidity rates. The obtained data demonstrated that the majority of cases occurred among young adults, females, with the classic influenza symptoms and chronic diseases. Finally, data suggest that the highest incidences were no longer in the metropolitan region of the state. The higher lethality rate than in Brazil may be associated with the greater impacts of the disease in this Amazonian population, or factors associated with fragile epidemiological surveillance in the notification of cases of cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Melo Sardinha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde, Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGEVS/IEC), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Rosane do Socorro Pompeu de Loiola
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Universidade Federal do Pará (PPGBAIP/UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia da Silva Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGBPA/UEPA/IEC), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Carmem Aliandra Freire de Sá
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde, Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGEVS/IEC), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGBPA/UEPA/IEC), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGBPA/UEPA/IEC), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde, Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGEVS/IEC), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGBPA/UEPA/IEC), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
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Ueno TMRL, Lima LNGC, Sardinha DM, Rodrigues YC, de Souza HUS, Teixeira PR, Guimarães RJDPSE, Lima KVB, Ventura AMRDS. Socio-Epidemiological Features and Spatial Distribution of Malaria in an Area under Mining Activity in the Brazilian Amazon Region. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph181910384. [PMID: 34639684 PMCID: PMC8507758 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is an acute febrile infectious disease that represents an important public health problem in the Brazilian amazon region. The present study described the socio-epidemiological and spatial characteristics of malaria in a population from the Tapajós mining areas, Pará, Brazilian Amazon. A cross-sectional study, including individuals from Itaituba city, an area under mining activity influence, was conducted. The geographic coordinates were obtained in the field using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Garmin 78csx; for spatial analysis, we used the Kernel Density Estimator with the application of scanning statistics with the SaTScan software. Of the 908 individuals, 311 were positive for malaria. Most of the malaria cases were associated with male individuals, gold miners and with a monthly income of 4-6 salaries. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that gold miners were nearly five times more likely to acquire malaria. In addition, a context of risk for sexually transmitted infections, substance abuse and poor support conditions was observed, worsening the healthcare scenario in this endemic area for malaria. The spatial distribution of malaria cases is irregular in the municipality with hotspot areas located in the Amana Flona that coincide with areas of illegal mining and high human mobility. Finally, the presented socio-epidemiological and spatial distribution data may aid in the development of more effective control measures for malaria in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalyta Mariany Rêgo Lopes Ueno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia (PPGBPA), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, Brazil; (L.N.G.C.L.); (Y.C.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (A.M.R.d.S.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-91-98252-7226
| | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia (PPGBPA), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, Brazil; (L.N.G.C.L.); (Y.C.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (A.M.R.d.S.V.)
- Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia (SABMI), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde (PPGEVS), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil;
| | - Daniele Melo Sardinha
- Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia (SABMI), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde (PPGEVS), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil;
| | - Yan Corrêa Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia (PPGBPA), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, Brazil; (L.N.G.C.L.); (Y.C.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (A.M.R.d.S.V.)
- Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia (SABMI), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil;
| | - Herberto Ueno Seelig de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais (PPGCF), Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Belém 66077-830, Brazil;
| | - Paula Ribeiro Teixeira
- Discente do Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do, Pará (IFPA), Itaituba 68183-300, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo José de Paula Souza e Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Vigilância em Saúde (PPGEVS), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Geoprocessamento (LABGEO), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia (PPGBPA), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, Brazil; (L.N.G.C.L.); (Y.C.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (A.M.R.d.S.V.)
- Seção de Bacteriologia e Micologia (SABMI), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil;
| | - Ana Maria Revorêdo da Silva Ventura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia (PPGBPA), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), Belém 66087-662, Brazil; (L.N.G.C.L.); (Y.C.R.); (K.V.B.L.); (A.M.R.d.S.V.)
- Seção de Parasitologia (SAPAR), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil
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Sardinha DM, Lima KVB, Ueno TMRL, Rodrigues YC, Garcez JCD, Santos ALSD, Ferreira ALDS, Guimarães RJDPSE, Lima LNGC. Occurrence of Cardiovascular Complications Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review. JPRI 2021. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i1431270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular Diseases represent the main cause of death in the world, and are associated with risk factors that cause serious complications in cases of infections, such as those of the respiratory tract. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared a pandemic for SARS-CoV-2, a new coronavirus causing severe pneumonia, which emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The objective is to investigate the occurrence of cardiovascular complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is a systematic review, quantitative, in the databases, PubMed and Science direct, including primary studies with hospitalized patients confirmed for COVID-19 and who presented cardiovascular complications, the form used tools for evaluation of quality and evidence, following the PRISMA recommendations. Results: 12 studies were included. The occurrence of cardiovascular complications was: 27.35% of the sample of 3,316 patients. Types: Acute cardiac injury 17.09%; Thromboembolism 4.73%; Heart failure 3.43%; Arrhythmias 1.77%; stroke 0.33%. Mean age 61 years. Conclusions: This study showed that there are several cardiovascular complications associated with SARS-CoV-2, that the main one is acute cardiac injury, which causes several instabilities in the cardiopulmonary system, and that it is associated with mortality.
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Dos Santos EC, Silvestre MDPSCA, Paz JLP, Machado RLD, Lima LNGC. Study of TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-10 Gene Polymorphism in Individuals from the Leprosy-Endemic Area in the Brazilian Amazon. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:125-131. [PMID: 33656915 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2018.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at verifying the relationship between the polymorphisms of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) -308 G → A (rs1800629); interferon gamma (IFN-γ) +874 T → A (rs2430561); transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) códon 10 (rs1982073) and códon 25 (rs1800471); interleukin (IL)-6 - 174 G → C (rs180079) and IL-10 - 1082 A→T (rs1800896); -819 C → T (rs1800871); -592 A→C (rs1800872); and leprosy. Blood samples were analyzed from 106 individuals, of whom 24 were paucibacillary (PB), 28 were multibacillary (MB), and 54 were patient contacts. Analysis of cytokine polymorphisms was typified by the polymerase chain reaction technique. For TGF-β +869 T → C and +915 G→C, a tendency to associate the presence of the C allele at codon 10 with leprosy was demonstrated, with the T allele being most frequently found in the CCOSI (P = 0.056). For the polymorphisms IL-10 - 1082 A→T, -819 C→T, and -592 A→C, we found an association of the GCC/GCC genotype with the susceptibility to the disease and the A allele at position 1082 with the leprosy protection. Greater predominance was found of ACC/ATA (31.3%) and GCC/ATA (37.5%) (P = 0.03) and the A allele at position -1082 (76.85%) (P = 0.043) in the CCOSI groups, whereas the GCC/GCC was found in the MB group (22.2%) (P = 0.05). For the other cytokines's single-nucleotide polymorphisms, there were no associations with susceptibility to leprosy. These results are limited by sample size, may not be conclusive, and will need further confirmation in a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everaldina Cordeiro Dos Santos
- Bacteriology Section of the Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brasil
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance of the Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brasil
| | | | - Jasna Letícia Pinto Paz
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, State University of Pará, Belém, Brasil
| | | | - Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Bacteriology Section of the Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brasil
- Postgraduate Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, State University of Pará, Belém, Brasil
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Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima L, Letícia Pinto Paz J, do Perpétuo Socorro Corrêa Amador Silvestre M, Siqueira Moura L, Perini Furlaneto I, Valéria Batista Lima K. BCG Vaccination Status, Age, and Gender as Risk Factors for Leprosy in Endemic Areas in the Brazilian Amazon. Infect Dis Rep 2020; 12:97-104. [PMID: 33260834 PMCID: PMC7768440 DOI: 10.3390/idr12030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2018, 208,619 new cases of leprosy were reported to the World Health Organization (WHO). Of these, 30,957 occurred in the Americas region and 28,660 (92.6% of the total in the Americas) were reported in Brazil. This study aimed to show the reality of the profile of a population in an endemic leprosy area in northern Brazil in relation to age, gender, and bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination status through the collection of data in the field with the evaluation of the study individuals, who were recruited by spontaneous demand. A total of 405 individuals participated in the study, with 100 multibacillary, 57 paucibacillary, and 248 healthy contacts. A relationship was observed between the occurrence of the disease, as well as the multibacillary form with the largest age group. The male gender was associated with leprosy per se, with the multibacillary form and was the largest representative of the group that was not vaccinated once. BCG vaccination was effective both in protecting against leprosy per se and in the multibacillary form. These results are limited by sample size, may not be conclusive, and will need further confirmation in a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
- Bacteriology Section, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil; (M.d.P.S.C.A.S.); (L.S.M.); (K.V.B.L.)
- Ph.D. Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém 66087-310, Brazil;
| | - Jasna Letícia Pinto Paz
- Ph.D. Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém 66087-310, Brazil;
| | | | - Letícia Siqueira Moura
- Bacteriology Section, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil; (M.d.P.S.C.A.S.); (L.S.M.); (K.V.B.L.)
| | | | - Karla Valéria Batista Lima
- Bacteriology Section, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil; (M.d.P.S.C.A.S.); (L.S.M.); (K.V.B.L.)
- Ph.D. Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém 66087-310, Brazil;
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dos Santos EC, Machado RLD, Paz JL, Silvestre MDPSCA, Lima KVB, Lima LNGC. Study of TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-10 gene polymorphism in individuals from the leprosy endemic area in the Brazilian Amazon. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Magno L, Silva LAVD, Guimarães MDC, Veras MADSM, Deus LFAD, Leal AF, Knauth DR, Brito AMD, Rocha GM, Lima LNGC, Kendall C, Motta-Castro ARC, Kerr LRFS, Mota RMS, Merchan-Hamann E, Dourado IC. Discrimination based on sexual orientation against MSM in Brazil: a latent class analysis. Rev bras epidemiol 2019; 22Suppl 1:e190003. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720190003.supl.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Discrimination based on sexual orientation can influence vulnerability to HIV, increasing exposure to risky sexual behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM). Objectives: To analyze data using latent class analysis (LCA) to identify groups of individuals with specific patterns of discrimination based on sexual orientation (DSO). Methods: Cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling in 12 Brazilian cities in 2016. LCA was used to characterize discrimination among MSM based on 13 variables in the survey questionnaire. The proportions of men reporting DSO and other variables of interest were estimated using Gile’s Successive Sampling estimator. Results: Most MSM were young, single, had a religion, had a high school or college degree, black or brown skin color, and socioeconomic status classified as average. More than half of the participants reported that they had been discriminated against during the last 12 months due to their sexual orientation (65%), more than a third said they had felt afraid of walking in public places during the past 12 months, and about one-fifth of participants reported having been victims of physical or sexual assault due to DSO. DSO was classified into four latent classes: “very high”, “high”, “moderate” and “low”, with estimates of 2.2%, 16.4%, 35.1%, and 46.19%, respectively. Conclusion: We observed a high proportion of discrimination against MSM in this study. The use of LCA differentiated parsimoniously classes of discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laio Magno
- State University of Bahia, Brazil; Federal University of Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carl Kendall
- Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, United States
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Conceição EC, Guimarães AEDS, Lopes ML, Furlaneto IP, Rodrigues YC, da Conceição ML, Barros WA, Cardoso NC, Sharma A, Lima LNGC, Gomes HM, Duarte RS, Frota C, Rutaihwa LK, Gagneux S, Suffys PN, Lima KVB. Analysis of potential household transmission events of tuberculosis in the city of Belem, Brazil. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2018; 113:125-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Cavalcante JR, Pinheiro LGP, de Almeida PRC, Ferreira MVP, Cruz GA, Campelo TA, Silva CS, Lima LNGC, de Oliveira BMK, Lima LM, Feitosa LMC, Pinheiro AC, Frota CC. Association of breast cancer with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Northeast Brazil: molecular evidence. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018; 73:e465. [PMID: 30365827 PMCID: PMC6172977 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2018/e465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of human papillomavirus DNA and genotypes in breast cancer and normal breast tissue samples obtained from women from the northeast region of Brazil. METHOD One hundred three breast cancer samples and 95 normal breast samples, as the non-malignant controls, were studied. DNA extraction was verified by human beta-globin gene amplification, and polymerase chain reaction was conducted based on HPV L1-specific consensus primers MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+, followed by nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction with type-specific primers for the E6/E7 consensus region. RESULTS Human papillomavirus DNA was detected in 51 (49.5%) breast carcinoma samples and 15 (15.8%) normal breast samples (p<0.0001). Human papillomavirus genotypes 6 and 11 were identified in 15.2% of all samples. CONCLUSIONS The high frequency of human papillomavirus infection in breast cancer samples indicates a potential role of this virus in breast carcinogenesis in the studied participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Roosevelt Cavalcante
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | - Luiz Gonzaga Porto Pinheiro
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | | | | | - Gizele Almada Cruz
- Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | - Thales Alves Campelo
- Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | - Caroliny Soares Silva
- Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | | | | | - Lara Mulato Lima
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BR
| | | | | | - Cristiane Cunha Frota
- Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, BR
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Arraes MLBDM, Holanda MVD, Lima LNGC, Sabadia JAB, Duarte CR, Almeida RLF, Kendall C, Kerr LRS, Frota CC. Natural environmental water sources in endemic regions of northeastern Brazil are potential reservoirs of viable Mycobacterium leprae. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2017; 112:805-811. [PMID: 29211240 PMCID: PMC5719548 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760170117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection of live Mycobacterium leprae in soil and animals other than humans suggests that the environment plays a role in the transmission of leprosy. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of viable M. leprae in natural water sources used by the local population in five municipalities in the state of Ceará, northeastern Brazil. METHODS Samples were collected from 30 different sources. Viable bacilli were identified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the M. leprae gyrA gene and sequencing of the PCR products. Physicochemical properties of each water source were also assessed. FINDINGS M. leprae gyrA mRNA was found in 23 (76.7%) of the water sources. No association was found between depth of the water and sample positivity, nor was there any association between the type of water used by the population and sample positivity. An association between viable M. leprae and temperature and pH was found. Georeferencing showed a relation between the residences of leprosy cases and water source containing the bacterium. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The finding of viable M. leprae in natural water sources associated with human contact suggests that the environment plays an important role in maintaining endemic leprosy in the study region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maísa Viana de Holanda
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Carl Kendall
- Tulane University, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ligia Regina Sansigolo Kerr
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Cristiane Cunha Frota
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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Cardoso BA, Fonseca FDO, Moraes AHAD, Martins ACGS, Oliveira NVDS, Lima LNGC, Dias GADS, Saad MHF. Environmental aspects related to tuberculosis and intestinal parasites in a low-income community of the Brazilian Amazon. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2017; 59:e57. [PMID: 28793025 PMCID: PMC5553944 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201759057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We carried out a cross-sectional study from January to December 2015 on 1,425
inhabitants from a floating population in the Brazilian Amazon (Murinin district,
Pará State) to describe the population-based prevalence of
tuberculosis (TB) from 2011 to 2014, recent TB contacts (rCts) latently infected with
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LTBI) , the coverage
of the local health network, socio-environmental factors, and frequency of intestinal
parasitic infection (IPI). We found that the sanitary structure was inadequate, with
latrines being shared with other rooms within the same accommodation; well water was
the main source of water, and 48% of families had low incomes. The average rate of TB
was 105/100, 000 inhabitants per year; one third of TB patients had been household
contacts of infected individuals in the past, and 23% of rCts were LTBI. More than
half (65%) of 44% of the stools examined (representing 76% of the housing) had IPIs;
the highest prevalence was of fecal-oral transmitted protozoa (40%, Giardia
intestinalis ), followed by soil-transmitted helminths (23%). TB
transmission may be related to insufficient disease control of rCts, frequent
relocation, and underreporting. Education, adopting hygienic habits, improving
sanitation, provision of a treated water supply and efficient sewage system, further
comprehensive epidemiological surveillance of those who enter and leave the community
and resources for basic treatment of IPIs are crucial in combating the transmission
of these neglected diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biatriz Araújo Cardoso
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio de Oliveira Fonseca
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Henrique Almeida de Moraes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Helena Féres Saad
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Lourenço DSD, Campelo TA, Cruz GA, Almeida PCD, Gonçalves HDS, Pontes MADA, Lima LNGC, Frota CC. Detection of subclinical Mycobacterium leprae infection in children, contacts of leprosy cases, Fortaleza – Ceará, Brazil. LEPROSY REV 2017. [DOI: 10.47276/lr.88.2.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lima LNGC, Frota CC, Mota RMS, Almeida RLF, Pontes MADA, Gonçalves HDS, Rodrigues LC, Kendall C, Kerr L. Widespread nasal carriage of Mycobacterium lepraeamong a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2016; 110:898-905. [PMID: 26560980 PMCID: PMC4660619 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760150178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A case-control study was conducted to determine the presence ofMycobacterium lepraeDNA in nasal secretions of leprosy cases and nonleprosy individuals in Fortaleza, Brazil. It included 185 cases identified by physicians at the Dona Libânia National Reference Centre for Sanitary Dermatology (CDERM). A control group (Co) (n = 136) was identified among individuals from CDERM not diagnosed as leprosy cases. To augment the spatial analysis of M. leprae specific repetitive element (RLEP) positive prevalence, an external group (EG) (n = 121), a convenience sample of healthy students, were included. Polymerase chain reaction for the RLEP sequence was conducted for all participants. Prevalence of RLEP positivity for cases and Co were 69.2% and 66.9%, respectively, significantly higher than for EG (28.1%), and reported elsewhere. Male sex, belonging to a lower socioeconomic status (D/E), history of a previous contact with a case and being older, were associated with being a leprosy case. Our geographical analysis demonstrated that the bacillus is widespread among the healthy population, with clusters of RLEP positive multibacillary cases concentrated in distinct areas of the city. Our results suggest that in endemic areas, as in Fortaleza, surveillance for both nonhousehold leprosy contacts and members of the general population living in cluster areas should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiane Cunha Frota
- Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Rosa Maria Salani Mota
- Departamento de Estatística e Matemática Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Rosa Livia Freitas Almeida
- Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | | | - Heitor de Sá Gonçalves
- Centro de Referência Nacional em Dermatologia Sanitária Dona Libânia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Laura Cunha Rodrigues
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Carl Kendall
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ligia Kerr
- Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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